SB -3ATIAUAX VIP Obst VO trl D4 MEHJIEJIEEBCKHX COM AVIT TWB.B. AyHu, B.I. HeHamaeHko, O.H. Pepkosa, H.E. Ky3bMeHKO XMUMUA B 3AIAUAX ME)KLYHAPOJIHBIX MEHJIEJIEEBCKHX OJIMMIIMAL YUYEBHOE NOCOBME Toa peaakuneit ‘aKxaemnka PAH BB. AYHMHA Vi3QATENIbCTBO VSPATENIbCTBO: MOCKOBCKOrO. HAYKA, YHMBEPCUITETA Mockea 2006YAK 373:54 BBK 248721 x46 Ayuun B.B., Henaizenxo B.E,, Psoxosa O.H., Kyssoenxo H.E. Xunoia XXI nexa e saaax Mexkaynaponmbix Mengetecnckix oan nua: y4e6, nocoSue / noa pea. B.B. JIymuna. ~ M. : Higa-80 Mock. yu-ra Hayxa, 2006, 384 ¢. ~ ISBN $-211-05217-X. ~ ISBN 5-02-034613-6 B xare mpencranaets ace 9aNaHRE ~TeopeTH IKE HW OKCTEPHMENTAAHNME — CAE aux nern Meatynapomnex Meneaeencix QnA KOAEHHKOS NO XARA. 370 ~ Pedy {Far Gonbiit pacoTs Gonwtro KonAextyaa RrMOnkon Pazhiix ERP, eOeRCH 0 KOTOR "Tae mpeacraaaeime 8 xr. SiraTes© Npesocrannaevex DoAwORHOCTS OXRATI # UeAOM ho cncreny taunt Mevencexouex oxmtaat, OX) OTs HiMpoPMaIDHO © HMpanIcRX Pasurres conpewcimof xmnaraccxo WaYRI HO TOM, RAK CESARSIBAIOTE CALE HOCH, OAR “rms conor eh "Yuka warepwan, mpeAcranacH 9 3TOH KANT GyRET NONEDEH BEM, KTO MT cyeTEN rae HIKOMIKaNG, CYYRERTAM, YHTEARM KOA W NPEHORARETEDAM Hy200. Yuebnoe uadanue Aynau Baxepait Bacunseows, Henaiigenxo Banewrun Teoprucnis, Perxona Oxcaria Huxonaenna, Kyasmenxo Huxonai Eroposis XHMMA XXI BEKA B 3AJAYAX MEXKYHAPOIHBIX MEHJIETEEBCKHX OJMMIIMA, Tod pedaxyuel axadenuca B.B. ynuna Xysoxnnx B.A. Yepneyos. Xysoxecraenieih penaxrop 10.M. lodpanckas ‘Texwnveceutt peaaxrop H.14, Marmowuuna Koumuiorepras neperka O.H. Paocosoit lopnncane a ners 14.02.2006. bopu 60% 90 1/6 Hlowansosperrnan, Yeusneun, 240, Yona. 242. Tapa 6000 3. ‘Sauna OBITS Ht 6 8315, ‘Opmena “Snax Nlovera” Hanaren.crno Mockonexoro yiuseporrers 125009, Moexaa, ya. 5, Hixirexan, 5/7 “Ten: 629-5059, ake: 203-661. 939-33-23 (ornen peanwoau) ed mgu@ramblers 121089, Mock, MyGancxnt nep., 6 ISBN 5-211-05217-X ISBN 5-02-034613-6 © Fyn B.B., Henaiigenko BI, Pepxona O.H., Kysoaeno H.E., 2006 ‘© Hanatemscre0 MockoscKoro yuntepen- ‘era, 2006 © MTY wt. MB. Jlomonocona, xynoxecr- ensioe ospopmatenne, 2006 OFJABJEHHE Or cocran TIABA L 3AAHHS1 OAMMIMAJ, TEOPHA 1 9KCTEPHMERT XXXV Menseneesexas oaumnuanta 2001 r., Poccas, r. Moca Treopereckuit Typ.. I reopetawecenit Typ... ‘Sxcnepunenransusul Typ. XXXVI Menzeneescxan oammmaaa 2002 r., Kasaxcran, . Amat I teopereckatt Typ.. fevers Ti reoperusecka Typ... AWQIMTIeCKAR KHOHS. Heopranueckan ximus, Opranimiecxas xis... ‘Pyswseckan xHMHE., ‘Skcmepunenranbutsl TYP... XXXVII Memiezeenckas oammnuaza 2003 r., Poccus, r. Mocks I teoperisaeckitt Typ.. . 55 Il teopetarsecka Typ... q 64 ‘Awiamirriueckax sap. “4 Heopranneckas xuMu. . 67 Opranneckax xunns. Hays o xcunom 4 nommept. TB Praueckas xuMu.. : 71 ‘SkcnepaMerrabHB TYP... . . aL XXXVIIT Meneaeescxas onmmmnana 2004 r., Moanosa, r. Kimmy Treoperuseckuit typ. 7 86 Il teoperwuecxatt typ. 94 “Avianurrieckas xHM0, 94 Heoprarnricckas xHMHs..... 98 Oprannseckas xin. 100 ‘Haysat o cmon nomumept.. ~ 104 ‘Prnuseckas xinaH.. 10 ‘Oxcnepumesrranbisl TYP... 116 XXKDX Menaeneescean exmemnana 2005 4 Taxaoncueran, .Zyunabe L teoperusecxatt typ. : 124 I reoperwseckatit Typ. BI “Aulanumiyeckas XHMIA... 11 ‘Heopranueckas xin. 135 Oprannseckas xuM... 138 Hlaysat 0 xns0M 1 nomuMepus 142cbyaieieckan xuM., a 149 ‘Oxcnepuneranbuti Typ. pees sesceeeeee 135 TIABA II, PEIMEHHS! 3AJAHHM TEOPETHYECKHX TYPOB OAHMIHAL XXXV Menzeseesexas oammnuaaa 2001 r., Pocus, r. Mockna Lteoperuseckstt typ... eesnneinatesneren sa 160 T teoperiecxuit Typ, 169 XXXVI Menaeaeenexas oaummuana 2002 r., Kasaxcran, r. Aamara Lteoperuseckuit Typ. 134 HM reopernuecxuii typ... ven 192 AHQIMTHSECKAR KUMI. .secssesseessne rene : 192 Heopranieckas xiMia 194 Opraiusieexas xia. 201 yanseckas xunus. 206 XXXVI Memereesckas oammmuaa 2003 r., Poceus,, r. Mockna T reopermseckatit typ. 7 209 I reoperavecwit TYp...... ae : 218 ‘Atiauriacexas xHMti. edie ec eects 719) Heopranuueckas xii. 23, Opraniieckas xuni... 227 Haysat 0 xunox 4 noauwepy, ven seen 23S @resnseckas xu... one 240 XXXVIII Meneneesexas ostmvnuana 2004 r., Moagona, r. Kummunoy Treopetusectatit Typ... sesstnsaeetsstensinesveeesene 243 I reoperisieciatit TYP... 255 Anramerisecka XH. econtuenneneeen a 255 Heopranveckax xHwis. . 261 Oprannueckan xiMis....... 265 Haykat 0 anBos 1 noamepea- 270 rsnueckas xusaus. 279 XXXIK Meiueseeocia onusamiaaa 2005 c Tapeainere, yunente Treoperiseckwi Typ..... é es : 285 I reoperueciatt typ. 295 Anasriseckast XH... 295 Heopraniseckas xHMHs. 299 Oprannueckas xwuus. seven 303 Haysat 0 2unom nomuwep ‘bysieckas xHMU, TAABA IIL. STIOABI OB YHACTHHKAX OJUMIMATHOFO {BIOKEHHA TloGearrrean n npusepix Mewutesteencxsrx omen 2001-2005 rr. 322 Apropir camnanibix saan. 334 OT COCTABHTEJEM Pon akan xis paso compenennoro oGuteere TPYANO ne- peouetm. Hexsueno akryamuoun octaiorex caosa MB. Jowosocona: (Ufoywenie muse icem deoaxyo ete: dua ~ conepuucncmisosanue come menace naye, yeas — yanoncenve acuaneniae Grae. HMenH0 HOOTOMY {So uKonsanIKOR TAK REAO naynITEGR TeOpecKH HenOmLA0eaTE HOAYEK- tise sain m Yuetua no xian. Sys neeTo cxou enocoGuocTH OHM MOTT nposepire, yacraya b XHMMHECKIEX OFMTHAGAX, HOCKOAINY OAMNHARHBIC Sataan ~ neerta neopsmnapmnae saan, Zam yeneuoro ncTyNAeMiR Ka Cumunaage uKonbauikaa HeoGxoanDNH ie MPOcTO XHMIYECKaH 2pYAINUI, Ite aTepuason Ha Yposn, npeRkwaroutes yposcit OGHHE KO. HO w, #70 o¥eND Amato, xiBuiecKAA MTU, yoetOe enar® MOraecKHC bunors, apunensrenirouuicen sii K nOBLM, TOTSGE HeMHaKOMBN O6- sacrn asset ay Heciorpa ia swore Kpisicuste susewia, uaGalozaiouecs nocaeauie necarnneria 8 aumouansunx cucrenax o6pazosaiua ue romsio expan CHT, wo raxoxe CHA w orn erpan Espom,"ipezMetwhie Onna IKON” tos NerBweRN ocTatoTeR OHO Hs RAXGCUNIN cOCTaRAAIONUD KavecT- enmoro mmomsnoro oGpasoaainn, Kexat erpata.WMeer C10suDUIYIOcR oroypostesyio cucTeMY Hatnonazianx nperweraux oniaaiaa, ® TOM fene 4 no xs. Buco yposteM Xiietecitx OmHMmad, e80erO Poa eeronarow mia epean twontanixon. no xia, maareTeR Mexayia- poston («Bcewnpriem) xinarecxan omrutana. B koManay 20 yacTon 9 Mesaymapoanoi! onmaae oronpaioren evupe cineneitinx siKom#inia ronsoll-crpants, cranuine noGeaitrenmwn nattonazanx ona. Ira cnctema (HaqHOHaTSHaN XHMHYeCKAx ONMMTHAMa — OTGOP YYACTHHKOS Ha MRO is sfema noGerireaei naionanitax ona Ww OnOnKITENE- ‘Had cneuManbHax mogroroska — MeaiyHapoutiaa onMmumaga) ycreunio Gyranusonmpyern passnaeres » rpanan-yeacrumax x Tewite sHOrT Net (nonpoSuee o Beenmpnoit xmarieckoli omummnane em. cGopHnk'). OnHaKo apaay c aru eyutecrayer raxoe yiniamitoe anette 8 o614CT HATER TMI copennonanttixomsiKoR, ax Meacdynapodnan Mewereenckat nuxnuada uxoneyaxos no sus. Hitepecta cava vetoptia Metitexec8ckix toma, [leno Tow, so xn ora} exIeTRCHHGINH cps ee Cracnvon, cynenuaan coxpatire tannin Guntien Boecoreatoi oan raat Cayauioce Tak, 0 nocae pacnaga CCCP 1 1992 roay Beecow2tan * sean Mensynepounsn xtavecrax oawunmts, 2001 - 2008 Hox ou. pea. BB. Bpewiie = M: Hasbo «eae, 2004-416 66 oe Om cocmasumenes XuMUNTecKaa OmIMITaA NponOMEHLNA CBOE PAIBUTHE HO ABYM HampaRseNHAM: Beepoceniickas onuumiara (eM. cGopiak’) x Mexaysapoaias Meuaesee: Cckax omMMIaza, 8 KOTOPO! cra y4aCTBOBATE Bee Crpaid — GLIBLHE pec- nyBauxn CouereKoro Coisa. Mentesteescxas oxmnumasia nposonutex noene pactiaga CCCP exeroano, Tlepanie, camtte T#xesIe roaH!, ~ B PocesH, Ho yxe B 1997 roay ommaniaza ‘HOBE nepemarnya poccwiicKwe rpastiuts. eoapagpus Mendexeesexoit onwunuades reno Kone ox | Topoxemananponencoit | carly, | Kammumrme T9902 | Canapa (Poco) oe 200 1993 | thyuano Poccws) ‘ 9 1994 | mtywouo Possaa) 9 e to9s | yuan Posse) 0 “6 1996 | yao Poscas) n 8 1997 | peas pues) 8 8 1998 | HecuKy (Kaproneren) 2 6 1999 | Mace (Benapye) n 3 2000 | Bay Aepaanan) 10 st 2001 | Mocexa Poss) B so 2002 | Asmar (Kenran) 4 ss 2003 | Tyuamwo Posen) 2 16 2004 | Kimmoy (Mons08s) 4 ” 2005 | syuanée Crasincre8) is 7 B 2004 r, w 38-of1 Mewreneeackofi onmnuaze pnepene mpunan yaacrue ‘uxonbiinen Boarapn w Pysaac, 206nBuNct npH 9TOM BHICOKIX pesy.Ta- os. B wae 2005 r. ovepeanax 39-4 Menneneesckax ommnmasa © Gontist Yettexom npoutza w croamue Tasskukuicrana ropoze JLyuanGe, Cras KY.IstYp- ‘uns sextaem xpynioro Macurra6a Meiuteneenckie Oxia He TOmKO MONAEPRUBAIOT OOUINE BSICOKE Ccrantaprat xinurieeKoro OGpasoBaHiia ® CTpAHAX-yHacTHHIaX, HOH HecyT [BEATIHLIYIO FYMaMITapHYIO MHCCHIO, TONTBEPAAAR, TO y OGpasosAHH HET "pannm, "10 KYaBIYpa H TpaZHuN HapoAOB MoryT YeHEMINO ZONONATE oGoraulets apyr apyra, Meweneescxie oxinenvans MKONSKOD SBSAKOTCR Domus HHETpYMeNTOM coananUA exsHOrO OFp=s0RATEIBHOTO MPoCTpAHCTEA » expanax-yuacramuax. B vactHocT#, .119 noGemreneli x mpusepos, pe Ccranisioulix moSyio erpany-ysacriy, — 210 ROSMOxHOCTS GEcILTATHO yurucs 8 MocxoscKoM YHHBEpCHTETE H JIpYTHX ReMTyNHX poccHicKix nysx. Tipuaepes Mendereeacxie onunnuad ~ aenycrnusu wor SaXUCIAOMCA Ha * sana: Bospocnitcnns ona no xan Toa 60 pe axaewuka PAH, np08. BB. Slyiama, ~ Me Haa-to Cevaner, 2003. 4806 Om cocmanumese: 7 nepaciii Kype Ges ecmynumeronttx axawenoe (ronbxo 3 2004-2005 rob 1 TortKo Ha xinAHsecKIT axyabTeT MEY Otink sasnoneHb! Ges axaaMeHo8 30 nnoGemurreneii Meneneencxoii onunnazt ~ we poccssu). 3haxene Menne- reesckoh ommwrmaast Gio rloswepKHyTO a MexutyRapoaHOM comeUaRt no mpoSnewaMs ranowefimero paspittaa xHMHMecKHX onanmat (Pura, Jlar- ‘us, 9-10 sibaps 2004 r.), € OsiT0 OTMeKeHO, 4TO Oa KBARETER XOPOMUM TNpHMepom MexxpernonaNGHOro COTPYAHNECTHA H CRYAHT HENAN NpHBTEYe- na wixoasittxoe k aaabHelitnemy npodeccvoramsHoMY WSyCHHO XH 2Kiopn oxmHanis H ee OPrKOMMTET B Pare FOAK ROITARIANH TAKME onectHbie yueHBie, Kax akanemnnn PAH A.JI. Bysavenxo, 10.A. 3onoron 1 TLL. Capxncos, npospeccop 10.A. Yeraisiox. B nocaemmne ross onnwmazoit PykovosuT jekant xnscrsecxoro daxysreta MEY axazewnx PAH BB. Jly- rn, B cocras oprxosurrera, Meromiteckot KOMHCCKH H.tOpH OHM, [BXOAT Mposbeccopa H NpemonARATENH REAYIUNK BY3OR, a TAKE YMHTEE Xit- ut oSuteoOpesoBarenbHbx miko eTpax-yHacrHM, IlepesHeaHM HEH 110- rei, KIO. KOTOPEIX 8 Coxpanenne H papuTue MentxereeACKOH OMANTIFAL ‘ose semax. 310 ~ npoxpeccopa i npenonanarens: xuMiniecKOrO daxy.msreTa MY: TonyGee B.B., Kupon A.M. Peuerona MJ, Yersiniox 10.4. w Hypa nos C.C; wenommrrenbutii ampextop Hexommepweckoro naprueperna «Co- elicTEHe XHNOTIECKOMY Hi 9KOTOTHYECKOMY OOpasoRaHIMIO” EC. PoTHHa: apni penaxrop aypuara «Xue 1 xi XXI nex» JL. Crpesitaxona; mower Mockosckoro mieaaroriveckoro rocyaapetsennoro. ynusepettrera 1OH. Cues, nowen Mepnexoro rocysapersennioro yunvepcurera 3]. Be- ux, aonerrrsi Joneuxoro rocysapcrpenioro Maumoxarsnoro Yruepestrera EH. Lllvea w F-M, Posaties, rower Benopyecxoro rocysaperBentoro Yui sepeutera BH. Xpamox, ysren cpeaweli mxonsi Ne 63 r. Anvars B.E. Wsapuwan. Y Mengeneencxoii oxmnuants ect orsmanrenbitas epra — n cocrane ee Merommiveckofi KOMBICCHHC H's 2xIOpHt Hapssly ¢ MpodeccopaMHl M Mpenlonasa- ‘Tenant OB;aTeABHO paGoTaIoT cryseHTH H acmIpasrret — auepaUne noe aurremn Mewieneesckix OmmMmHait; 970 OMOTAeT COXpaqT TPANHLMK H OGecrewmeaet npeeMcraennocrs na roms anepex. Ha ceromMulHitt Acie Annpeit Acanenko, Cepreit JIpyasunn, Esrenmit Keraes, Maen KeGeu CCeprefi Cepakon ~ acmmpatrrst xinitieexoro ¢baxyatstera MY; HOput To- snoaKo — Marncrparrt Besiopyccroro rocyapermenoro _yiunepcurera (Miwex); Auapeli Mapmnsyx, Denop Hoauxos, Erop Caypani u Anexcansap Tykop — ctynenrs xmntieckoro daxymsreta MEY. Anexcannp 3afines, Anexcatinp IIpeneye, Oner Aaen u Aprem Kysiaro ~ wean acnmpaitrsi coot- vetermenio HOX PAH (Mocena), Musrancxoro yuspepeutera (CLA), enepaisxoro Homrrextinecxoro mxcrarryra (Lllseltuapus, r. Jlosasea) Tponmirecxoro yunrnepeurera (Fonnasizus). ‘unancuposasine onHMmMa HCE TOIKL npoBomWIOce HA enoHcopeKHE epeseria paxmisntix dyanaucoBtix erpyktyp H dup. C 1997 roma aHasi- Teabnyio WacTs pacxoOR No MpopeaeMO OANA OpaAIK Ha ceOR TAKE Tipasurrerserwa crpas, Koropsie rpritasasta onder3 Om cocmonumenes Om coomaoumen cm pny mn yi py ee a ee mes Ce ommmamiaa, Baxtno nloxepkiytb, 70 BMecTe CO UIKONHUKANIH Ha oma ame cpu Miateseescas | Menayaspannee Paes et cee ee Nanas oe coma a MakalyWe K@kOrO Typa OMMMMHAR crenaT nepeson saNalii Ha HaLHO- lernenns Kupat w nm ee =a cas Tae ape ne eet as ceeona meee =a a ee eee ee =e eee eran a a ras ee case eee f ae i ee ee aeae |: ee Samal aeTeR yiuBepeanbHocTs NoAroTOBKH. yaacrHHKa. TpeTHll 9KcHEpHMeHTANL- ee Poocus i ee ee : Zar > amoorsconol aabopeopen Same 1peocro Type ppabersibcrea co Pe "akin Gpanows, so6it ACTH MOTE MpOneNOHCTpHPOBATH YweNIe Bit Bere Typescmrn i ee ‘OnmMMHaAM cOCTABIHIOT BeAYUIMe CHEMHANMCTEI-XHMIKH CTpAH-YuacrHM, 4, Cpasieme peryaamamoe ywacmnunos 37-01 Mendereesexol omuxmuades oramune or BceMmpHoi osMMNHaaKs, KPYT paBNeOB XHNHK HE cyAACTCR vr Mesedynapodnot nowteceod anuumucdu (pea) € 2003 2 npeanapirenbuo# ny6manneli Tpexmponosmoro Kovmiexra. sananit. C —- a Wiemiecenan | Meaaraparar ‘OnHOii CTopOHB, 9TO OSBOIAET YNACTHHKEM YSHATH O'ER MHOFOE 0 CORE ee aa ‘oommans | omnumasa MenHiIX npoBeMax moBRMOH HayRH, a ¢ ApyroH ~ cosnaeT AOMOAMHTE NBME TeiGaron Save a m7 0 copestonaTenbHtie CAORHOCTH JK yNACTHNKOD, Facanos Pyar Ss mH Bee suimlensI0KeHHOe MOKARKIBGET yHHKaTBHOCTE NoOxeHIR Meee no Anexeaay 7 u enckoll OninMant B CHCTEME XINEHYECKHX OTHMMHAA BUICOKOTO ypoBHK. B Tyron Avene Sempre 1 i oroil eaxan HHTTepeCHAIN TpEACTAMWNETCA CPARHENHE PEvybTATOB, HOKEIAA- ss Same 1 um NAIK MINONBHHKaMH pasHX crpax na Mewzencescxnx, a sate Ha Mews) pera 0 1 HapomHbex («Beenmpabinn) omMMmHaNeX 38 noenenEMe eTBIpe Tora. ITH eee 1 u ‘Nanmbte npeclcTaasien: MIDKe B opMe eTsipex Tabu. OnM NOXTREPACAAIOT, eee } Kesacrat n 1 “TO YposeH CTORHOCTH SANK M yPOReH OUEHMBAHIA ‘WEHANH AAOPH Tee i fr peayimsraroo, noxasanienx yuacruuKawm Meiieneenckix OnMMMUAN, MpaKT- eee ; eck coorsercTayer HloxssarenaM MexkyHaponHolt xHNaeCKolt ONHMTIa- ee Kuprincron tn ™ Tpoxodies Aaexeaap ero eseunn Enren| u 0 Besoe Anexcanay Pocent t H > dro npamuo anepmise Guo msezen0 wa 37-0 MMO. Meusinenat Avro :10 Om cocmasunenci Cpoenee pesyremamos yuaemaos XXXVI Mendescesexoi omeumuadss 11 Mese?ymapodnoi rusavecno ovannuaine (Pepuanan) 2004 2 Om coomasumene n Coamene peryromamos yacmnuios XXUX Mendesecseno omurmadss te Meacimapodnod xuaneecnol omannads (Tae) # 2005s Year Copan | Memmsesseae | Besayiponres seen Crone | Meenas | Mmmm TTosnaepow Kins : Transpo Xone : 7 Zippo Ex pone om axdupn san saepoaisean | n Barmaoe Aba : 1 Kovonensy Aaesech cae T iW Exnnos Cana - 1 Typexnit Moat emp a i Tyas Asso come 7 1 ‘evo Kove Sem i m1 Tine Hoe 1 i Auer Iya | ry 1 Meats Kanu : u ‘ézpennanon Hypa oe 1 i Troe ope ort uu . puter Anae - Bann tara tM - Yeshua at w a a a 0 Ww “one Myvapioe n rn Kwnemomea | | Lm Mearoe Arunter upreson rm rn Mypann Bae u i ‘Cxabeen Aprew e m uM ener Ty Kaomerat 1 1 Miryam _Bnconoe Esenp : nu | w Byrn Ase Pou 7 7 Karapon Kuen rm _Syoaanen Mann _ i MeaGexon Axrantex Koiprunserant - - Yor Pssaan-Kocran 1 1 1 SS Alea - ana Kaeo Mapex yaaa w tH “Getguan Aneseen T T “Taye Anceeasape-llarprrn u itt Bepoee Bop Peceia t 4 Bowaoe Cap 7 ur egesaes Anon 1 w 2Ayaaee Yane Tavomenn | = Tears Kowa ior 1 1 con apy : - lowe Hixwonac Procaane 1 a “JabvaecKnit Maxcum ‘Yepanna 1 WL Koons Cale = sae Taononera : - enol user ay 0 TM, Hak AIMAMOTEN YALE eA, Ho J carn ef x01 aC an 7 m Min naeeece, we yinkaroena yreSnul werommecknit narepuna, Fees Typowemer pexctanrentai © oT0W xmure, oKaxeTeR rlonesen m miTepecet! He TO:GKO ee A : Gynyuune yeactmaran Mevtencescrix omnia, HO W ROEM, KYO 206K oe a eros nce =| npexpaciiyio nayiy Xiao. B npeanaracwoii nautemy aunwamno Kite nocse MHoroseTHero nepepss- a (cm. COopHik") npescraBieHsl OGpaGoTaHHble COCTABHTeNAMM YHHKAIBHBIE arepriatht (2axANIb, PelleHAs, CTaTHCTHMeCKHe AH) NETH TlOCKe-HIEX Metieneencxirx onmurinan (oT 35-0 onunrazet 2001 r. 10 39-041 2005 1.) 3a 270 BpeMs eMeHHOCE MHOKONeAHE YACTHNKOB OsIMMTNAAHOTO BHREHHS B xonue rinrn mpescrannens sapacoskn (sTI0x81) 06 asTopax Bex sasastii, Yykananni OGacTH HX HaysHBIX H NesArOrHveCKHX HHTEpeCO®, MpHREAeHK Octonnuie Hayate H yueOme nySrKaumMH, ro MOMOReT sarnrTepecoBaT- HOMY SITATEHO TOMY‘ KEXpopMCANiNO © HaNpAB-TENIRX PAsBICTHE COBPE- * Copoxait 8 B, Cauraniso HB, Caves 10H, Yypanos CC. C exsyzaponnasonmarman. = M: Kun, 1983, ~288 Bee ovo, NoxenamMt u saewasua Gy.yT NpHAATEK € pHBHATexDHO- ceruio 4 Gaaroxapuioerbio no axpecy: 119992 Moexea, ICIT-2, JTemuckue 20- ‘pw, 0.1, omp. 3, xusueuecnuitaxyromem MPV, ragsedpa guanvecxoil xu, Puiacosoit Oxcane Huxonaeeie. C HaNH TaKKE NOKHO CBRATECE 110 9K ‘pounIM —aupecas: — wwlunin@kgemsu.ru; nen@acylium.chemmsurus ron@phys.chemmsuru; nek@edue.chem.msu.ri B.B. Jlywnn BY. Henaiizenxo OH, Parxona HE. KysmnensoTaasa I 3AAHMA OJIMMMHAL TEOPHS H 9KCHEPHMEHT XXXV MEHJEJIEEBCKAA OJHMIMHAJA 2001 r., POCCHS, r. MOCKBA L reopernueckuié typ Bagasa 1 Tipw wsysennn oxnenenit enupros Gano nponesexo ana onbira, B xax- JOM 165 HUX K Harperory 10 70-80°C pactsopy 200 r Na;Cr0,-2H,0 400 r 70%-noit FSO, Gei0 NocreneHHo xo6aTeHO no 40-M 96%-Horo oTaHIONA (naorocrs 0.78 risen), B onsrre 1 netysite sewlecrsa orrowI no Mepe 0- Gapnenns cnupra, m onsite 2 mpxGop Guin cxaGreH OGpArHEIM. XOTORILIH- ow, serysne nenectaa orrousuIH MocKe AoGaRneHWA Reero enupra. B Kak {ROM #6 OMITOB Gu110 coBpaxio no 50.0 nix ancTHLTa (xaLMKOCTH A HB). His oTHx akwaKOCTeMi Guu OTOGpAH! aTHKBOTHL NO 5.0 Mat, KOTOpELe Gxim MOA BepriyTat HeTRIPEM HesaBHCHIMBIM HICCTeNOBAMHN: a) pu aeiictann w30wsrKa pactsopa KHCO3 mpober sszemun 130 sr 883 nut rasa (18°C, 743 sew pr.cr., naBNeHHe BOIAKKEX napos 22 ma pr.cr) Tas coSuparn wan Hacsumtenitsim pactsopom NaCl, pacraopmwocrsio COs rom pacraope MoxwO mpeneSpe4b; 6) npn aoGaaennn wsOiska pacrsopa NaHSO; npoGw ssiaenmuu 1.5 6 4 6.0 r ocana; ») NH HarpeBaHiHn ¢ HoGEITKON meroyHOro pacTaopa fy Mpobs BENE 5.9 ru 19.7 r ocanxa; 1) Ha THTpoBAKHE HGerTKA METONH TloeIE HarpeHAHHE KAA 1 POG © 25 ma 2M pacteopa KOH m omiow enysae Ox1I0 mpacxononaHo 10.0 x41 1M pacteopa HCI, a » xpyrox ~ 20.0 wx 2.15 M HCI. 1. Hammure ypasnesus peaxuuit, KOTOpble Mors NPOKCKOMUTE RO BCeX poseneHHbsx omatTax. 2. Tlo aarntim nponenewix nccnesosaHHit a) ~r) yoraxostire conepxa- ve (B Momigx) opranueckux BeulecTH B xcHAKOCTAX A HB. 3. Busncaute crenens npespauenis (a, %) cnupra H Buxor (n, %) oc HosHBxX NposykTos ero mpespamen4it » pacere a mpopearnposanusti cenmpr. 4. Yeanarre, xaxaa ws anuakoctelt — A nom B—Gwina noaysena w onerre 1 Lmeopemanecra myp. Yewonus 1804 B Banaua 2 Tvmervaonuii opup tpeoriHa MoxeT Gurrs MonysieH no cxeayromteit Son Ny May 00% — POH p BH g monn) ,, OHO! NetCom 8 ape OE oe HG rere 1. Onpesennre sewtecrna A — J, wanmuute exempt ykasanuiix peak uni. 2. Cxoanko onmrueckux HsoMepos mMteer onyseMHBtl 9mp? Ho6pa- Bagasa 3 Tlomysenne meveisbix coeanHenit co crporo onpeeneHUBiM noOKeNHeM Meri Gea npuMeceli spyrux coeauHennit npencrasaaeT BaxkHytO MpOGACMy B ‘oprasuiseckout cunrreae. Hexowa 13 coenumenx CéHsX, re X — Br, NOs, COOH i H, noaysarre mononelineposens01. 1. Harmauute exes coorsetcraytonuex peaxutit. 2. Yew Gyzer onpenenarucs HaoTonHaa sucTOTA MoHOelitepoGentsona? 3, Hannuurre cxemy peaxiunn MonorelttepoGersoaa ¢ XOpHeTBIM arleTH= HOM B HIpHCYTETRMH XcIOPHLA amONeETAS. Banasa 4 Tipit paxixaniioli nomwepisauint crupoaa (M) 8 wacce (Ges pactaopit- tena) 8 npueyrerann sinmmtaropa (I) — nepexuen Oessoxtta (CHsC(O)O): — oaysnan HosHCTHpoN Co cpedHe MonexyaspHoM maccolt 310000, B npr cyrcranm 10° Monb/x pamuikansHoro wxruGuTopa — craGnatuoro paanKaia ocean a ee Es H3C” NO SCH X 1. Hamme peaxuus nuumposarnes, poera w oGpiisa wen a Beane sug an ewopoctH pocta 1 o6psava ens » oreyretaue wAruGuropa. 2. Pacesiraire xoxtespanito pasikanon pocra ens M'. MoxHo 7H 1 uaGnioxate MeroxoN TIP, cca syscrowrenssocTs mpxopa cocrasaaet 10 Noms paamkanon a 12? 3. Kaxue peakui maNensren 9 mpueyrerown wucHGwTopa? Hammuuere Yypaaitenii peakuuil n coornercrayrouute RMIpAMeHW Ana CKOPOCTH 4. Onpezeaure tiene KoncTanTat ky CKOpOCTH peakIM pasbKaTa poc- ra uenm Me yxru6irropom T*14, LOY Meredmapoduan Mev Huhopseangua x pawenuerenur. 1. Menomesyiire caeayrome ynpoutaioutne mpestionoxeHu: ) MpH HeBsICOKO KoNBEpCHH HaweHeHNEM KOHLHTPALIN KOMMOHEHTOR ' xoe peaxuun MoxHO MpeHeGpeYD; 6) cxopocts peaxunii nonmmepasrx pasuxanon pocra M’ He sanucitr ot unin em (npauATt a0pH); 8) mmuuuupyioume pasuxanus I* pearupyior TombKO ¢ MoHoNepow. 2. Haoruocre crupona d= 0.91 res 3. Hanna wen papua cxopocta pocra ulem, noxeseHHoli Ha ckopocts 06+ stea ent 4, Koucrantra exopocru pocta k, 5. Koucranra cxopoctit o6puia ky 180 ni woa-c). 6:10" a/(onc), BSanaya 5 Havecky neuecra A maccofi 233 mr nomecribin x Aepuaarorpad Hu onpe- AeMIUM HOTepIO Neca MpH HarpesaHtH. BMA MosyseHA CHeayrouMe pexyni- Harepoas rewneparypuy°C | 20-250 | 20-330 | 20-800 Tlrepa acct, wr A 8 19 Octarox npexctasaser coGoit oxcua apyxpasteHTHoro Merasina Gexoro neTa, Hanecky semecrsa A accoli 12.0 Mr noxecTiZtH 8 30H oKHEHEKHA rpH= Sopa aia aaemeuTHoro suxpoanatinva. OxucneHHe mponoanm mp 900°C TNH W3OKITKe KucsIOpOsa. 3a SOMOH OxHETENHR GALI HOMEMeHE NOrTOTHE ‘ems c anrnaponom (Mg(CIO,);) w aatee nornoturens ¢ ackapittow (rixpO- Kew marpusx, nanecenmuili ua acGecr). Mo OKOHYAKHH omuITa Macca TepBoro oraoTuTens ysenmuniiacs Ha 2.090 sar, sToporo ~ wa 6.813 Mr. Macca Taep- oro ocrarxa cocrapia 4.335 mr. Petrmreriogaaoaniit ana noxaaa, "70 exoaHoe BeUlecTHO CONePAHT ABE Chast MpHMepHO B PABHIX KOAMECTEAX. L.Conocrassre pesyasrarm jepHBarorpapiseckoro uccaeaoBaHHa Ht MuxpoaHauuisa 1 naltre oGtsicHenns MpocKoRANNHM MpeRpallenHsn 2. Yerauoure sosmoxnbili cocraB HexomHOrO MopoLK TIpowxmocrpmpyiire ypasuemima peaxynit norepH weca, HaGmonae- Mate B Xone aepusaTorpagpiecxoro aHamHna, Banaua 6 B 1851 r. C. Kanmmumapo 4 ®, Krose noaysuni nonoe coemnenne B, B konue XIX eka Gut paspaGoran npombiuutenmBil Mponece noxyuenna B ‘uepes npomexyrounbie Cran roayuewua sewmects D it E: Imeopemuuecras myp. Vewous 22804 1s ou S=10%S y My 140,709 sc. ny tcaayy [29°02 2005 © 20005 9 Na (C2C) f “100°C Ocuoputie cnoficrpa coeamnennit A ~ C npencrassensi 8 TaGauue Coesuveune | ay °C Thomocts | Boaoxnse pactoopuvent a 6 By, 11860 | CCl Cally (CHINO, HO 8 “ 0 10729) 10, CH.OH, (CH.0 c 127 E 1.3350 #0, CHO 1, Onpeaemrre semectsa A ~ C, Dw E, Hamme ypasnens peaxtutt ax oGpasonanns. 2. K kakomy kuaccy coeaHHeHIAil MOxHO oruecTH weuectsa Am B? Kak 61 Bui wx Hassan? 3. Coesmiene C ~ mnpoxo HenonbayeMoe ® HacTosuIee BpeNs asoTHOE yao6peune, Hannuure ypapvenne peakuut noayuenux C posbulutenHo- ‘orm, ykaxurre yonOBH MposeeHus 3TOro npouecca. 4. Kaxne mpoaykrat Moryr oGpasopatecs, ecm mpososuT mpouece pe spauienia veuiectsa Bp nemectao Cp TeveHHe iuTerBHOrO BpeMeHHt? Hppemuere ypapnenns peaxus. Bayaua 7 Anrmucenrriieckuil pacrsop, npequastavensbifi aa camirapHott o6paGor- Ki NUCHHMLIX YabeB, CORePAKT MYpaBRAHYIO H MponMOHOByIO xucnOTHI. Co- “TPYANNK caHSMMUIeMCTANIIH CMeUIAN HMeIOUMHeCA ¥ Hero BOSINEIE PACTBOPHL [YkaRaHHAX KiCAOT H MOAy'EA 1.5.1 eMeCH, Conepxauteli no 0.3 Moms Karo iia uux, JhoGonsrio, 470 06a HexosHEIX PacTHOpa HEH O;LHNAKOBOE 3HAYe- we pH. Bonee Toro ~ oxasaock, ro nociie eMelNBaKHA PacrBopoR Bem. ua pH ne wawenntace. 1. Kaxoso sxauenne pH xucaothoi emecu? Korcraira kucnorwocT™ ana HCOOH 1 C,H,COOH pans coornercrnento 1-77-10 w 1.34-10°. 2, Kakonts KonleHTpalIMH KHCAIOT B MCKOAMLIX PACTBOPAX 0 CAMBAHHA? BB Kakitx oGuewmers cooTHoueHiax GOKU ciLeTEt HexOAMBIe PacrBopE:? 4, Onpesenrre cretiels siCcounalInH KHETOT B MCXOAHDX PACTHOPAX HB emech. OOnacHHITe noayseNmEst pesysbTaT. 5, Kaxoli oGuem moan cneayer 2OGabiTe x 9Toit cect ana Toro, ¥T0G8r cTeneH AMccouNaLUMM MypaBbHHOH| KHCHOTHr yBeAMHIUIAGS B sKa pasa? Baaaya 8 Coeaunemus ITV uaetor oanmaxonsiit kavecraessii cocras, OzuiaKo- ‘bhe HaweckH 3THx wemlecTR pactRopiLaH a Rone. Tpit 9TOM Ha coeamneMtER T16 JXXV Mesedynapodnan Mowercercsan omamuada 2001 2, Poceus « Mociea oGpasonancs npospasnbil pacraop, a u2 HL, III u IV — xopuanessie pacrsopis. TIpu noGasemm 0.05 M pacraopa tHocynsspara arpua oxpacka mocnenHnx ‘TPex pactBopos Hevesaer. Ecmit MocTe HCYEIHOREHH OKPACKH B PACTROPK, AOGABHTE HGORITOK MOsIKHCAeMHOFO PACTBOPA NepeKHCH BOLOPOTA, OKpacka, ecrecrseHHo, nossareTen cHoRa (H # caysae pacruopa newecTaa I), Ho Ofte Mi pacrsopa THocysbiaTa Harpua, HeOGXOTHMEIe {LIA MONHOTO HeNe3HoRe- ‘His oxpacks, uswensuores. Jlanuble pHBegeH 8 TaGMIUe: Bemeero | HONGS.0)(D.vx | HOV8S.03)0), 08 1 ° oo u 8 uw m o4 ns v 0a 130 1. Tipnseaorre ypasenus peaxunit, onicaninax 8 yonORNRX 3884, 2. Yerautosure coctas coesuenn I~ TV. 3. Paccunraiire maccy Haneco. 4, Hapucyitre ctpyerypss auonos I — TV. M meopemuvscru myp. Vesoous 2000 “7 I reoperuveckuit typ Sanaya 1 Ha ayamove CLA nparana nerera mm ry meypurman 6 1908 r= poten em Kpwemcr so wre Gums Greer e- unor acl ean pe, Tak 0 SBE hen rove Pu to pcan rs Taya ix, 2000, REL, 655, 1. Kparxo ouenue Koppexriocrs cozepscanin sanerka. Caoi0 oUterKy nogteepare pacueranm.[lepnion nozypacrana (Tq) waorona “32Ra pases 1620 ner. pmarre, ro c wosenTa varoronrenis xpackM mpoul0 100 ner. Paccunraiize panuoaxrieiocrs paz n nacronuiee apeNs, ecw 1905 r. oF cocraniaia a pacnleex 72. Kaxas acca cynbara pana (a exnHHuax a) Obua 3eTpavena Ha HarO- rosnenme xpackit ui aro iniT#? 3, Pacounralre, KaK HSMeKACh PasoaKTINVOCTS NINTH 38 NpOuleARIe 100 et: TIpm pacuase “Ra oGparyercn pa pasoaxTMMHbX NYO Tipwwure, s10 5a npoimesnice pens MexIY ‘eHAMI papa YeTaKORIEIOCY sexonoe pantionece. “4. Crana am xara nenee vat Gonce onacwol x wrraTeaK? 5. Tiprmesure soswoxciite npr Toro, "70 KENTA ® HaCTORIee BpeWs ne enerures. pure, #10 n xasecTBe miosmodopa nenomsaonanock TO xe cawoe neitecrBo, «To 8 omsiTax ‘3. Pesepopa no wyrtexio erpoeHna rosa Sagaya 2 Coeaunenns Au B MoxHO HeMomA0RATE ANA cHisTeSA GomLUOTO YHETA GuomorHIeckH akTuRHBX coemMHEHNi. OxuH Hs HanGoxee yzoOuEX nyTeli cuurresa A p na6oparopiux yerOBHAX Moxer GBT npeqcTasteH cnestyroulefi exeno x Seo i Se 1.cw owe Naot coemaie taper. ” Snowmen roewne ¢ Mam yg pg” ae a eT) verve “00° Ah 14 Prcooet N ge DMF — uncer op manana.18, SCO Mesedynapodan Mowdesceresan onmsniada 2001 2 Poccws 2. Mocsea Hanectno, wro ecnu cxavana coenutiente B Kunsrir © aosnint pacrao- PoM Gopwatiserita B NpHEYTCTBMH n-TOAYONCYABHORHCTOTS, a NOTOM NpO- TYCKATE KHICAOPOR B PeAKIGOHTIy!O MACcY B TeTEHINE HECKOABKHX 4acoB, TO nromyuutex coeantiese Hc Gpyrro-boputy.n0ii CagHyiNg, KoTOpOe 1EET B cnexrpe TIMP tpi curiasta ¢ coorwomenkem metexcuaHocrelt 4:2:1 can coeauieme A nocaenosarenuio o6pa6orars POCh+DMF, TiCly+Zn (peaxnuta Mak-Mappy), a sate mponyeKars Tox KicsI0pOna, To rosyantex coesmmenne J ¢ Tol 2k OpyTro-bopMy-oit, $70 HH, Ho Hoe¥ontee x cnextpe TIMP weruipe ciriaa c cootnowesest uirrenenpnocreli 2:2:2:1, 1. Onpeeamre yrasaimise sanave semecraa A ~ J. 2. Jlaa wero 8 cusmese G nenomssytor aittperGytuayKapCowat (Boc;0)? 3. py 140 K pce saytpH- m MexMoeKynapHie HHANITHeCKHE MPoUeccts s peuectaax Hu J cranousrea ovens meqrewiiy. Cxombxo weskeusanen™ HBIX aTOMOB OTA MoxHO paxamtuNTe B entexrpe N'S AMP p arux yenownsx? Bagaya 3 Teiime 6es ccmanosku warumxu ux Yeprozoroasu! Tasnponantyio sony «KonoKonbami» nony4aior, HacbiNtaR Bony yraIeKH- cnoroii nog zapneruem 10 arw. B kavecTae oaKHcaHTena H YCRIHTeNA BKYCA RoGaBALOT MOHOTMApAr JMMOHHOH KucHOTEI CsH,OH(COOH)s"H,0 20 KoH- uerrpaun 6.30 n/a H BBogaT KoNcepRaHT ~ Gen3oaT HaTpHa ~ 10 0.1% no macce, Konicranrst kucnoTHoctH cocrannaior: Juua yrombHolt Kucaotsl Ki = 10°", Ky = 10"; su1a aHMoNHOH KucnoTa Ki = 10°!, Kp = 1095, Ky = 1064; 2414 Gewpotiniolt kuenorst K = 107 Oyeunre xounenrpaiino (womy/a) yraexucnoro rasa 8 rasuposantioit Boxe 8 KeoTkynopeHHoll Gyrsuike, a TaKKe B GyTHLAKe, KOTOPYIO YAkC OTKPHI- an (npuwirre p(CO2) = 1 atm). Koucrasrra Penpit suis yraeknestoro rasa co- crapaser Kr = 1.26-10° wt prct. 2. 3amnunTe ypaBHeHHA BoSMOKHBIX MPoToAMTHYECKHX papHoseciti, MNCIOMINX MeCTO B AAHHOIT CHCTEMe, BHIPAXCHIE [08 KOHCTANT STHX pasHo- ecu. 3. HsoGpasure sua acex xucsor (auMoHHoll, GexsoliNot u yromsHotl) Tax Hashisaewble pacmpesemMTenBHBIe AMarpaMML, T.c. rpadiKH saBucHMOCTH CTeMeHH AHECONHALUIH &. PALIN HACTHL, HMeFOILHXeR B pacTBope, oT pH pactaopa, 4. Cresian pasmesnbie npennonoxenit (kakHe uMeHHO?), ouewteTe Bem suny pH «Konoxomwuka» 2 orkpurroii 6yruinke (p(COs) = 1 ar). 8. Hackobxo wamenea pH pacrsopa, ecaH mpoxinsrrite rasnposanHyio BoAY 0 NOmNOrO yAAIEHNS BoeM YrseKHCHOTH? 6. TroGu yGepenses or usxorH, Bur peuman nepen ynorpeGaenuent 10- HugHTs KHcROTHOCTS «KosoKonbHKay LOGamTeNHEN rHuLeROH comb. CKONE- ko rpanwos NaHCO; caeayer oasis 8 rionysutposyio Gyriky, 4roGu curenars neanunny pH passoti cewn? LU meopemscri myp, Yeroeue sade 19 Baaaua 4 Paceworpirte mpipenennylo cxemy mpenpamtentili coesmennll onHor0 ‘Toro se onevenra. Hexoropute cxolicrea coesmenHit mpesicTanemsi B Ta6- sue ch cor ee He. mor i Hi, 200°C 150°C | Fe AO, sree ¢ HOA my/ Nw ars o : i Tee [se x é @ cen soy) a7 car | ou0 anew | -64 y6n) | 30 38 44 1, Onpesemre coctas coeauuennii A-G. 2. Hanuuutre ypapienta sex npiseenunix » cxewte peaxut 3. Hapueyiite crpyxtypss coeamnennit A, B, Fu G. Sanaya 5 Bonee cra marigiecary ser Hasan» 1851 r. aucauitcenit xn T. Anaep- CoH TIpH uecsezOBaMNH KocTaHO! cnfosist (NpOsLYKra CyXOFi TeperowKH Koc- ‘eii) nony:11 wosoe coeamHenue. Jax OWHCTKM, anamiTa H NORTBePAICHUA XHMUMECKHEX cBOHCTS IlosTy4eNHOTO CoeaMHEHHR COMAKOKHCIAN BIKA KOC- ‘Tanofl cmon Gui2a ocaxnena coxmHoKicitsim pacrBopom Pt". Hanecky BBi- nanuiero akesToro ocaika TIpoxaNHBanH B TOTOKe sosopora. ToayweMM ‘rmepanil ocrarox (newecrso T) azmeumeann, (TOT HpHeM ONMCTEH H ana aia cocaumenil Gat npewioxen H.H. 3HHHNBIM, MApOKO HeTIOMEsORABULHN. ero B eAOHX paGorax # KasaNckHi epHon). Zo zonommurensuoli owicrkH sewecrsa 1 Gsu1a nposenena nepexpx~ craumaawsx i ropsiero noswHoro pactaopa. Hloaywersnait nperiapar IT uses Gonee Tewnyto oxpacky. J[mrrensuoe Kinaenne BomHOTO pacTBopa BeulecTBa T aano ewe Gonee TeMiuili ocatox HI, Pesynsrars xuMuveckoro anaamsa HoayseHHs1x mpeniapatos npaweaew 8 TaGmane. Benoa | 1% Cm wm Cm Pv 1 220 2146 386 372s mas 2s 2138 438 sas 3408 210 2243 508 Be 36a 207 227 512 33.83 36 212 2438 347 Bat 322 203 24a 562 2856 393720_ COL Meacdynapodan Mendereenesan omuada 2001 2. Poccun 2. Moceaa 1, Onpeaeaure cocras npenaparos I, 11 IL 2. Kaxwe npunecn moran cosepxars npenaparia 1, Ww 111? 3. Kaxoe coenumenue orxpaia Autepcou? 4. TIpouece Tepmuicckix npespamennit, orxpirrutit Antepconon Ha 311%. oGpexrax, Gui Havant «meperpymimpoakolt Awtepcona>. Kakute coeaumens MoxHO NoaywiTs sTOH neperpynmMposKol, EC B KAMECTRE GHHOHA BINT ‘mpane-{PtCL(OH),]° 4 Hienombsosars TOT xe KaTHOH, KOTOpEAl HeTOAEIONaA Anaepcow? Hanwumte cxewst peaxuiit m MapHeyiite npocrpancraewiite ‘opayatss npoaykros, . 5. Kax 611 Bu mlosyssian coemmenns, conepxauine mpanc-[PtCl(OH);], Nexo HS NeTanmeckKOR naaTHnei? HanmunTe ypapHeHH xIMHECKHX Peaxunii 1 yxaoxure yonoBHs HX poBe eH. 6. Kax Bur aynaere, y koro Mor Opars nuiatany HH. Sims 1a eBoeli pa Gorn? Banaya 6 B 50-c roam mpousnoro nexa com A cumTesponaiti m ne Cras 1) mpw 20°C wa nemtecrs MeXs (GecuneTH0e, fyx = 17°C, Macca my) it MeY (Genoe, m;) nomy'atH 9kpHMOnApHYIO cMect GitapuBix seuects B (xest08, m; = 3.82 F, fax = 67°C) HC (aeaeH0e, my, fox > 300°C); oTuenst cemect Bu € or ws6srrka pearenta MeXe (Mm, = 4.20 r); nosnmam Texemepa- ‘Typy a0 100°C 1 oraeasan B ot C (vg : Ve = 1:1); 2) saTemt B Tevenite HecxonsKx aneit mpw 150°C npososWan peaKyiio B (rms) © nemectsom NOX (mg = 0.98 r) 110 OOpasonannex comm A (oparrxenan, ms). B 1962 r. Gsu1a npetoxena cneaytoulas oxHocranniinas seToauKa cx rewa con A: npn —190°C nakyywmponamuuil nnKenennil cocyx sanomiaait ‘cmecbio MeX« (rm) # NO (ir); pit 60°C mutepaaina eweck 16 HacoB 10 ‘oGpasosanns cost A (mq). Tipit H3yeHHN KHHETHEH 9TOI peak B MPOMe= XYTOMHEEX poayKrax Osita oOHapyxeua cMece NOX u B, 1, Pacumpyiire semectoa A,B C v nanimunre ypasnewtin peaxtt 2. Pacowmraitre newsecrunie waceo! BeMectD Mm, m5, mH Ms 3. Onmunere erpoenne axiioua Y w ketHowa conit A weTOaoxe somreRyap- HK OpOHTANEH ¢ yueTOM Toro, 80 KPATHOCTs CBA31 B HHIX OxHTaKORA; OMI- tue erpoenne NOX weToxoM BaIEHTHBIX eRME H eTpoeIHte ANOS com A » panexax Teopnu xpucrasmiseckoro Hons, 4. OGocuytire BtiGop texmeparyp » eTOAHKaX ewes S Tovey 8 etositre 50-x Foaon {LK MTloRKUIeNH eKopOCTH. peaxuHN esk3a Guano icnombaosars-Teamepatypy asaute 165°C? 6. Tpeanoxvire enoco6 pasnexenus neuects MeXs, B x C. Hpeanoxemt logtsepmire pacteras, econ napienis napos (WM ct.) HAL >KHAKHH ‘asavt onncnsaiores exenyIoUUHN ypaneHHAN: gp = 8.03 ~ 150-7" (ans nemecrsa MeXe); lap = 8.58 ~2780-7-" (uum peutectsa B). meopemuveceul myp. Yexoaus 30004 7. Yeaxure ocHonHoll Henocrarox MeTonHKH 50-x roxoB. 8. Mpexnonmre anyxcraniinstii Mexamirsw peaxuun MeX¢ ¢ NO nt Buise- ‘mire Kulier#ueckoe ypantlenue, ecm cyMMlapHBIl NOPRNOK peaKHHE paBcH ays. Sagaua 7 Onuoil us peakwii, nporekaiounx ¢ ankserHqaMH & MpHCyTCTBHH KOH LeHTpHpowanHoro RosHoro pactaopa ulerowH, aBaseTes peakua Kaxnmma- po 2RCHO + OH > RCOO™ + RCH,OH. 1.3aronrTe esenylounte ypasiieHHa peakunit, mpoTeKaIouHE KOHUEH- ‘pupoBantHom BoaHoM pacTBope ileno4H: NaOH os 0 wey Q. cwomny wan a OSuenpranaxual Mexamen peaxuun Kaxamiuapo sxsioyaer 38a na- atenbubix NyTH: yepes amon Aw sNanHoH B. OGa nyTH BKIONAIOT THU prouniit nepenioc. MpeoGnananie Toro HAH HMOTO MyTH 3aBHCHT OT KOHeH- "rpauuin ocuosants. CxeMa Mexamissa: H hie oe fi + on == H (uerpo) a Koa on bh 9 ator ea + 0 um 6 & oH eee HeR-(. Pe RCoo'+ RCH/OH (resem) é o s whe +R AS C00" + RCH,O" (wexaeto) RCH,O' + H,0 <= RCH,OH + OM (6ucrpo) ks 2. Tloabaysch 9THM MEXAHIGMOM H MeTOAOM CraLMOHAPHBIX KoreHTpa- nil (cyts KoToporo 3akmouseTCs B TOM, TO KONMIENTPALUHS AKTHBHONO HH2 XXX Mesedynapoinan Mewdercercxan omuunuada 2001 =, Poccus, 2. Mockna Tepmeanara, oGpasyloulerocs B xone peaKIuH 8 O¥eHS mami KomHeCTBAX, hoaaraetes NlocToaHHoii Bo BpeMeHH), BsiBeaHTe O6iIee KHHeTHMECKOE ypaB- rere peaxunst (K., >> ky, k >> k,) H ia ocHonanin ero mpecKaxnTe: 1) nopaaiox peaxunu mo OcHoBaRHIO H aZIbeTHLIY MpH HeBHICOKOH KONTIEH- ‘Tpautan ocHoBans; 2) mopaiox peakiyin no OcHOBAHNO H axbaerHay pH NoBLMeHHOH KOK ewrrpalwin ocHonanms. Baqaua 8 Beuecrso C MoxHo noxywiT® KoHIeHcanMel cocammemni Aw B nox aelicrsvem ripiza Harps 8 JIMCO c nocienyioumn rHipomHoM. Beutecr- 10 C cyutectayer 8 1pex Tayromepuiax Gopwax: C1, Cyt Cs. Je 13 max ~ Cy i Cy ~ oGnagaior samerHolt KHCHOTHOCTHIO M MOTyT GsrTs OGO3HANEHB KaK HL. Hine npusezena cxena npespamtenuit c yuacruen seuecrsa C. B xan JOM 13 YkABaHIX MPeBpaulentt MOKET MpHUMATE yaacTHe miOGRR opMa c NaH | XCU + 2HLOI01F D Mon peraKuueli Tr. Bpayopa (7. 2, erp. 507). Hasnaninx pearentos 18 cHsresa H KoHesHOrO IMpoaykra MBI 2aMaxa NepHbiM 1iBETOM (erleMHANDHO, "TOG Bu He ysute- cau), Tlowavany sbi xoTesi commer ckasKy MPO HeNyTeBoro TaGOpAHTa, KO- ‘Topi mpozun Yepinuta Ha NeTORUIKY HOAy'eHHA HeKOTOPOTO BeulIECTBA, KO- ‘ropoe Mbt Gki OBOsHasHLIH, K NpHMEPy, GyKBOH X. Ho naw Hoxasasioce co- eplleHHo HeneposTHuIM, "TO epHINia, pasmiTaie aGopaHToM, ona LUMCHHO Ka H@IRaHIIX KMOUEBLIX B CHHTe.e ReUecTB. A pas TAK, MB PemHAH He TepsaTB jlatbule cROe BOOGPAxEHME H He BEUIYNIIBATS NOpOGHOCTeM He- cyutecTayiomte necTopa Mut xovua mposepuir Bay ewexanky 4 cooGpasirrensHocts & pacttyTsi- aN IpHAYMANNMX HANG XHMHIECKHX xIeTpoctieTeHi. Mower OMT, AR xoro-r0 #3 Bac Gyser noackaaKoll HOMep TOMa i CTAnMUI ykAsAHHOTO Py xoposersa. H 970 Nlo-caoeMy xopowo, weab, KAK WSBECTHO, shamue — CHa, a oqwoii cMeKankh H cooGpasitenbHocTH 4acro OsiaaeT HeAOCTATONNO... Mirak, Bay HeoOxostiMo BHHMaTe=IHO MpOYHTATS, HOAYMATH H OTBETHTE Ma nlocraneunbie s Kone s8u184H BOTOCKI.ie ZXXY Mesedynapodnar Mewercesexan asusumuada 2001 2. Poccus, 2. Mookea aug. oayenor anatcrinis_gotery ays caus erenteusrpmcemm xontecra excpasa im ft xnenoriga wesoun B Aantox cayvae npamesnon bone PROABRENAETT paomep 140 > 400 sor pom, noSasagor ox mpueM TPH Sneprinnon nepemeuipanin 126 ¢ xpucrannived firucnota w2arext xeimpanimyiot pacroopow 80 r NaCH » 200 ux polly ROVBBEAR eT0 M0 KARAM Kak oxo Sucrpee. Pasueumbaiot ero eme 30 ua x oxnaxnaior no 15 °C. Ocanor bumtpyor m mpoxeupact spmxaw nopmm no 100 wx oxst Tocxomsxy com conepatir x0. 10%, i eucnorls, e cneayer nepexpucranmnposam 1m 8 xparnoro (no wacee) noMMec tea Boxss Bureoy 95. (oxono 60% zeopernecxore), sincrora 99% Coofierna, Becuperaue xpucranmit yyy ~ 180 °C B 100 am vonwt pacteopaerea 1,41 (20°C), 1. Kakie nemectaa Gepyrea 1118 cHiTea? Kakoe BeilecrBo MoxHO HOY ‘uur no sTofi Meroamxe? HammuuTe ypasnenie peakttan. 2. Tlouemy weno4s HeoGxoano 10Gassrs Geicrpo? 3. Hansunre ypasnenue peaxuni Tepwnyeckoro paxoxeus npoayKra cunrresa, 4, Tipeacrapbre, sto BaMt He yaatoce paabickatk HeXORHY¥0 COME JUI8 CHE ‘esa. [pesutoxsre cnoco6u ce nomyucnus 13 HanGoee AOCTYNNEE peaKTH Bos. 3anuuTe ypasHieHux cooTseTcTByIOINx peaKult 5. Hannurre ypanuenme peaxuum s3auMonelicTans mpoaykra cresa © actRopoM nepManratiara KANN & KHCIOM BomHOM pacTRope. 3agaua 11 Benoe xpucraamuccroe weuiecrso A, Mace-cnexrp KoToporo mpwtseste# ¥upke, XopouIO pacT#OpHMO B NpospaxHol HAKoCTH B, HO OrpaHHHeHHo pac- ‘TBopHMO B Hore. KuaKocrs B cMeumsaetes c BoROM B sNOGKX MPoNOPLHLAX. Tipu ssaumoxelicrsun Au B oGpasyetes xuaxocrs C, cnexrpansaste xapaK- ‘TepwcTHKH KOTOPOM Take MpHBEsIEHD Hine (OTHOCHTENIBHBIE HHTEHCHBIO- ‘cTi curazos s cnextpe AMP moxHo onperemr» no miTerpambetiM KPHBEIM ad cHrHAI|NH, CHTHAN pH O M.A. MpHHasLieacitt TMC). 1. Onpeaemre erpoenme newecra A, Bu C. Caenalive ornecenue curia- hoa 8 enekrpe SIMP-'H neutectoa C. 2, Hanmumre octiosuye uanpanienua dpparmenraun 8 ace-cresrpax 2408 MotekyARPHAKX HOHOR AH C. 3. Yeaxure, B KaKinX yc1OBHaX cxeayeT mpopoaHTs peaKuuio A c B. 4, Hanumtre cxemy, miatoctpupytoiyio Mexanuas. 9TOH peaKi. Hi meopemwsecrtimyp. Yeroaus ae 2s i = ony {om Sle ana ae | Res oo Ow} NO 1 Mace-cnesomp sexyecmea A err M-Moneyapna wou ry (30) = 1628 1 aersy) = ae 702 aa 32) = Cnexmp AMP 'H seecmea C26, JAX Meocdnapodnas Medercesras osunmuada 201 2. Paccune. Mocesa Hk-enexmp eeecmea C Veb-enexmp eewecmaa C 2aa(BXOH) [tet 229 4.08 - m 290 280 285 nenepunenmansos mop 27 ‘Swenepumenrarbtit TYP Sanaa 1. Auanmruyeckas xuns (astopst Tapmau A.B., Hpoxoposa IB.) Kavecrsenmuiit ana emeen apyx coneii m pacrnope Becdenue B aiwiofi sazase npesviaraeren KavecrAchHio ompeneHTb nce HOHE, €O- epxauiccs » auaniupyewom pacraope. KExioMy YAacTHAKY OsU ipex0- “xe oxi 13 1pex wapriastron eweceit: KNOs + NH,Cl, NaCl + NH,NO) sua KNO, +NH.NO}, Mlocse auinonens KavecrHenioro ANBAHD KEAIOMY y5a- crmuxy cooGwant ucTusHA cocTaB ero eMecK, Fike npwseneH npHMep satan 228 wapwasita KNO3 + NH{CI, ae apyrux papuanros saaante Gx120 Pearmuses: Nax[Co(NO;)s, ykcycwoxuicastit pactuop; NaOH 2 M; S-oxcunxmonmi, cnpronoli pacruop; peaxrus Hecenepa (pactsop Hel2 u Ki 3 M KOH); BaCl;, noasit pacrsop; AgNOs, nonxnili pacrsop; sanexa- sai (CcH5):NH, pacteop » 50%-noit HsSOg, yxcyenas kucaora CH;COOH, 2M; NaCO,, nozuiii pactuop; opwaasaerux CH,0, 40%-Hilt woanss tcruop; yiuvepeanssiax —WHUINKaTOpwax — Gywara; —ypanezauerar UOx(CH,COO), 2.0, ykeyenoxnenst pactaop. OGopydosanne: ra308as ropeaka, HHEPONOBAK IPOBO.OKA; MiKPOCKOM. Memodura axcnepunenma 1. O6tiapyxxenme wonon KaciH B aHAAMBHpyeMoM pacrBope. )2-3 KANAM aHamsupyeMoro pacraopa nepeniecHTe 8 MPOOHPKY, MpH- Sansre pants o6next 40%-noro pacreopa bopmasaeriuta, OMY KANTO de nosiprasewia 1 saTeM no KartasM pacTBop Na;COs 10 noaBAIEHH YerOHt4HBOH ‘amlinoBoii oxpacks, 6) Yepes 5 sum pacrnop noakucaute 2 M pactsopon CHsCOOH no He- ‘seaHOonettiz NastMHOROR oxpacks w x0Ganbre 1-2 KarkaH yKeyeHIoKHeTOrO pac- ‘tBopa Nas[Co(NO;)s] p+ Lteaalvesetsox 0 npreyrersia (orcyreran)Howos amex aamt- aupyemox pacraope. ='3 caysae OTEYICTBIA B aNazIHpyeNO! eMeCH xaxGEX HoHOE (Ne, Nii, Me, CI, NOs, SO") erazino a) wossHo onyeris? =Harunine ypasuenin peaxuutl, nporexaiounx np oSiapyAxetim nowon agi anampnnpyenon pacraope Aa cra a eras 6) —BosmoxHo sm Ha ctaqun 6) ucnomb3oxanHe HCI smecto CHyCOOH mia hoxkenein pactbopa? Orner noaraepyure weoGxoanNiin ypaniean peak.28 XOOXY Meseiynapodnan Mendereetexan onnnuada 2001 2 Poccus, 2 Moensa 2, Tiposeawre BosMoxtBe peak Han MpoGst Ha ocranbHte HoH (Na, NB’, Mg”, Cr, NOs" « SO,”) 5 auamusupyeom pacraope (0 Ane Ha Kak. anil KaTHOH W no onHOMi Ha K@XKABIM AHHH) = 3anmume ypasscnma coornetersyiouuex peaKuuii int onmuure DP sormoxaite cnocoGu oOnapykeHMs yxasaHHIAX HOHOS. CaesaiiTe BHIBOR, KAXHE KATHONB! H AHHOHB HAXOAATOA B AHAB yemom pacrnope. Banaya 2, Ananwruveckas xusus (asropst apmau A.B., IIpoxoposa IB.) Koamvecrsenussit auasus emecu sByx covteli B pactaope —Karate meron (xinorseckne H mcrpywesrransunie) Baw emecriit ©} 218 kommecrecxsioro onpeneneniis: a) wouoB warpits; 6) wowos Ka- ‘ni; 8) HoHOR aMMOHL; r) HOHOB Maris? ~Hannuusre ypanttenus peaxausl, nexauiix B OcHone XHMHeCKI Me~ To7OB oMpeseeHit NAHHEIX HOHOB, W Aare KparKylo XapatepnieraKy HNCT- PyMetramGIx MeTOnOB KOAANECTREHHOTO ONPeeNEHIIR YxAAAIUEDIX HOTT. Tipoanaamsuponannan Bama eweck cocrowr us KNOs w NH(CI. Baxi ne- oGxommmo onpexemuts naccy (r) KNOs n NHACI 8 pacrnope 270i ewecn co- eit, Onpeaenene NH,” Bu Oyaete nuinomaré seroxom xucsoTH0- ochosHoro Tieponaxiix c npunenentiew opsanbernaa, a cysiuis K° n NH," LMeTOIOM KHCOTHO-OeHOBHOTO THTpoBaHHA ¢ HeMOEOBANTIeM HORHOTO ZTk»x kucnorHo-oeHosHoro Tirposasiia HykKM! pacrsopsi NAOH HCI Too wavecTHOl Konwentpaunn, HX yerananaiearor enes{yiongiM o6pan0M. Cuavasa no toaHoll uasecke rovossr pacrBop nepewiozo cmandapma — xi anegeckit uHcToro YeTolisnsoro BeulecTsa nocrostNoro COCTaBA M paccsHETA- Balor ero xoutienrpauno. Bate nopitiio aToro pactsopa TiTpyIor pacrao- pos. NaOH (HCI) no pesyasraraM taxposaig paccumuBator KoHLeHTpa- sie nocnezHero. Kano nepowsmsi craritapr npnveensercs ns onpexenentis KoHTeH- pauun pacteopa NaOH? 3anumnre ero xumunueckyio GopMyay; 1a niuumTe ypaBHeHHA paxil, ewamuD B OcHoBe THErpAMeTpIIECKOTO “onpeaesteaun xomerrpauin NaOH; yuan, KaKoli wniwMarop — scevi0- sult oparnxensil (pT = 4) unm denondranenn (pT = 9) ~ MoAto MpHNeHTITS B ‘TasHOM cytae {A YCTAHORTEHH KONEAKOIH TOUKK THTPOBAHLEA. Kaxoit nepaivini crakapr mpawenserea svia onpexeseins Kontexpanin pacrsopa HCI? 3animmre ero ximneckyio opMy-y; wansuere ypantiennx Peakuuli, texcamuex 8 ocHowe THIpHMETpHYECKOTO ONpeseNeMHA KOHUEHTpA- mm NaOH; yraxinre KaKoH! Htkarop ~ wevixonniit opamwenuilt (pT = 4) ‘us enoapranemn (pT = 9) ~ MoxHO Mpumesirr ® xannoM extysae 20% ye~ ‘Taviognesi KoHesHol ToxRH THTpoBaHHS enepusermasniai mp 29 Memoouxa skenepumenma TPH scex nposaniax snavens oGkeNa Timpasta wMepalie ¢ To# F nocrsio 0 0.05 sex, Fpicmnaiire pactaop 13 OioperaH Mes\teHHO 1 [aBHOMepHo, 9TO NonOsIHT CHINHTE MorpeUIHOCTs ero LOSMPOBAHIE. 1. Onpezeaenne cysoapnoro conepaxamua K* w NH,’ Hoxyrre ana usupyewist pactnop ® Mepnoit Kan6e o6teMoM 100.0 Mer, paxGanbre ero nO- ‘oli 0 MeTRH w epesewaire 2. Koxouxy, satiomuentyio KaTHoNOoGxeumiKoM B H'-fopme, npowsssai +e sbtcriummposastioit noxoli no pH 5 (yuuBepcambias manKaTopKaR ByMa- ra), Hocae ar0ro onycrite YpoBel POs B KONOHKE 0 BEPXHETO YpOBHIA oa KarHoHOOGNENHIKA. OrGepure munerxoi 10.00 nit attamitnpyeMoro pacraopa, BleciTe ero B KoJOHKY H Npoyexaifre co exopocTiKo He Gotee | Kanu cexynay. Pacrpop, niiTeKaiomnit p KonOHKH, coGnpaltTe » Kon6y ‘Ana ‘TiTponaitia O6tewoM 100 aun. Tpit onyexKaHH yposHA xMAKOCTH 20 Yoana cnos KarHowooGMextAuKa OCaRaAiine B KOnOMKy 10 2-3 s01 ROME, inponomkaa coGupars wurrexatouuti pacrsop 8 ty 2 KonOy. [Toene Toro, KaK » Koa6e Gyxer coGpauio 20-25 wit pacruopa, npovepsre suaveune pH no- caeattei Karlte © sloMoUIbO yuHBepeansHol maMKaropHo Gywarn, Eemt snaeune pH oxaxerca wunke 5, nposomaaitre mpoMbisanite KOAOHKH, 3.K pactnopy B kone at tinponatnix noGassre 3 xaruit pactsopa de- nonpranena n varpyiire pacreopoxt NaOH wsxecruoit xomuentpauion 0 Gacano-posowoit oxpacxn, yerounsol 8 Teveune 30 4. Tlonropirre nponyexanite nopusm pacraopa vepes KOHONKY H THTPOBA- §, Paccurraifre u sannunrre epestini oGsex pacrsopa NaOH, omeaniero usa tarrposatte (Vp, M2). — Kare Gywauionansize rpynms nomaeH conepxaTs xaTHoHOOGMen- tmnk, ripuroawstl 1a ocywectanenix mpunesenniol Bue METORUKH * COOH, -CHOH, -SOsH, NHL, -NR,’ wm -CONH? = Pacesnrraitre o6xexts (342) 0.1000 M pacrsopa NaOH, nowteame wa TH Ponante pacraopOR, NOAyeMHIAX Moce MponyeKAHA Hepes KOHOHKY 10.00 ux exenyionuix 0.1000 M pacrsopos: NaCl, Na:SOs, MgCl # MgSO, Moo am nakviol werosKe HenomssonarD smAMKaTOp NeTHIOBB ‘oparoxennili (PT = 4) suecto pevonranemua (pT = 9)? Orper aprywenti pyle. ‘Weper KOnOHKY, arionteNKyIO xaTHOHOOGNEMINKOM 8 _H'=opwe, empeptisio nponyexaior pacrnop, coneprxauunt 0.05 M NaCl + 0.05 M KCl Vion kasua yaepxunaerex vorooGwenninkox npowee, ew Na’. Ha oaKox pauxe s90Gpazie sanncumocra xoumetrpauait woos H', K' a Na° ((voih/3) » nuxonsmten 113 xoxonKu pacrBope OT ero oOteNa (M1).30. XOX Mesedynapoduan Mewdessotenan omanuada 2001 2, Poceus . Mocnea 6. Onpexeaenme coxepwania NEY’. B xaxryto 19 any xon6 a8 Tapo- sari odtewom 100 nat suiecue mnerxofi 10.00 sex axamunsupyemoro pac- ‘THopa, n0GaB6Te 13 Groperkat §.00 m1 20%-Hioro pactnopa bopMaberHaa H. epes ~ 2. wnt noGasste 2-3 Kamu pacrsopa GeHoxprancua. TuaTesi0 nepemeuraitre conepaummoe Kox6 wi THrpyiite Tlony¥eHNBe pactBopsl craH- ‘aptisiM pacTBOPOM esIKOTO Harp 10 toxanemE GnemHO-pos0BoH OKPACKH, yerotisuoii» texenue 30 c. Peayaerarbsi ETpoBaHlia He OKHBL OTAMMATbE Gonee, sew Ha 0.05 nex. B mporisiiom cnysae TuTposaHie HoBTOpAT. — Paccunraifre cpexuutit oGuew pacruopa NaOH, nowteawiero Ha TTPO D vauue (Vey, a). -Haniomire ypaptienne peaxuin aaaunonelicraiit won awwosa ¢ opsaunuerston. =Kawsie mm cnexyiounx neuer: HCl, NH, NH:OH, NH;OH-HCI, CHsCOOH, Na,S0; aut NaHSO; wewaior onpexeentio WoHa aMwoniA 10 yranansoli Merounke? Hanviiirre ypanuenus peakunii, wnaoerpupyioux ro Mewavowee aniasne — Yxaxute nanGonee nepostubtii KOMMOHEHT, KOTOPHM MOXET ObITh 3arpa3~ ex Gopnamaerva, KoTOpUt MewaeT onpedeteHno Hola aMMONI nO Yra- sano merosue. —Moxvo a ® AaKNOH MeTOAUKe MenoasosaTh wNzHKaTOp MerHAORLt opairxessit (pT = 4) enecro dexonpranemua (pT =9)? Orser oOocuyiire — Onpenemrs NH,’ moxkio Taioxe cxeayionuisit crioco6anit; 4) anannupyewomy pacropy oGasamor ws6urrox NaOH, pacTsop 1a- rpenaior, norsouiaior psuxengioMIHiien awa HAONTKOM CTaHJapTHOFO pac nope HCI» rrpyior. Vaware ‘uarpan u imuuexarop, KoTopbie exexyer erlonsoonars 8 TOM case, MpHBeNITe yPanleHe peakiOil THTPORAIIIN, 6) onpeaenenne nposoast ananorM4Ho, Hcromb3ya BMecTO pacrBopa HCI pactnop H;BO;, Yawsure tirpaur a muzuxerop, Koropute caeayer HenoaL- a0naTb h 3TOM cAYAe, NPHNEAVTE Ypaslenne PeaKLNH THTPOBEAIX, 7. Onpenerenmo Howa anwors no Meronuke (1. 6) MeuIaeT Mypanbicias xuteaioTa, KoTOpoit Moxer Guirt sarpssuen pacreop dopwamynerita. Mypaps- Has KuHeOTAa OOpasyercs w pesyuibraTe OKHCKEHHA (pOpMALIKNETHa KHCTOPO- tom sosayxa. Tlonpasky wa ee corepaanne B dbopsataserie Haluante cne- Aylouu o6pasow. B xonGy ana nierposanis nowecture 13 GiopereH 10.00 sex 20%-Horo pac- ‘sopa dhopanzeruaa, aoGapsre 2-3 xara pactsopa deuonpraneuna, mepe- Memtaiite conepxninoe KOIGH H TITpylire craniaprisim pacraopow” NaOH 20 noxsaeuus Gaeawo-pososoit oxpaci, ycroiiaipolt a revenue 30 c. 3am lure pesyasrar Tirposanua Yi, Merc TO¥MOCTHIO 0 0.05 sa. "Towa wonuepaui pacraops NaOH yk na Gai © a pacraopox nomepusenmarsvesi mp —_ 31 Paccwuafire oGsem pactaopa NaOH, nowesutero wa Terposarne © auanupyenoro pacraopa c yuerow sarpasvents GopwansTerisa My- pabputoit xucoroli (Vy): Vaer™ Veg Val2. —Moxo am » aantiol Meromuke McnoapsonaTb miuiKaTop MeTHTonsii opawxesssi (pT = 4) aniecro bertondpraneuna (pT = 9)? Orset oGocxylire. = PactiowoxiTe cceayiouite pacraopst 8 Topaake sospacranina pH (yxasauc Denis xonerasr kncaorwoll(K,) nau ocHiossol (Ks) anecousaumn): CH;COOH 0.1 M (K,= 1.74-10"); HCOOH 0.1 M (K, = 1.74-10%); CHsCOOH 0.1 M+ CH;COON& 0.1 M; NH 0.1 M (Ke = 1.76-10°); NH; 0.1 M+NH,C10.1 M. = Paccunraiire it sanmiunre Macesx KNO3 NH,CI 8 astazsupyewom pactBo- pe. ‘Snasentix MoaXpHBIX Mace paccuurraaalfre c TOMHOCTHIO 0 0.01 © 3uayenta wace paccuriapaiire ¢ TosHocr10 0 0.0001 r.XXXVI MEHIEJIEEBCKAS OJHMITHAJIA 2002 r. KA3AXCTAK, r, AJIMATBI Treopermuecknit typ Bagaua T B 1774 r. K, leene, selierays kies0roli Ka mapomionT, BLAeMIIT HeKO- ‘Tops ras, oxasapiuuiics mpocTuim seulecTeoM, comepxauuM steweHT A. ‘Dror xe ras (xoTH M ApyruM cilocoGoM) B TOM 3Ke roy noay'Ht Zh. Tip 1. ro 3a npoctoe seutecrwo sisuteawst K. Leese? 2. Vpecrno, ro Maccopaa noms auemexra A y ero coequnennM c HesweM coctanaser 19.39%, a 8 coeaunenmt © sogopoxom — 94.12%. Yeraxounre ‘Qopmysist THX coemMHeHHt, 3. Hanuunrre ypasnenme peaxuan mexay uesmesuim 4 BomoposHLM co- eqmenuann anemenra A. 4. Kaxaa kucaora uerioxtaonaach w ommarax [eene? Hanimuirre ypaniic- Be peakitun 3Tolt KucKOTH ¢ HUpOMOSNTOM. 8. Ha Gauikax ¢ mupomiosMToM HacTO MiMyT «mepeKHe Maprasia. Ha- ‘ckomsxo To cooTsercTsyer aeiicresremsuocTH? TIpuseaite mpHMepE! ZByx ‘OKCHLHOB, aHALOTHNHEIX HO COCTABY MHPOIOMTY, H ABYX NepOKCHOB c TAKIN Banasa2 Onny us coowx Beestenusix Comatent peur past mrepeca yerpoHTs Gonee cioxHo, 4eM Ty, # KOTOPOH MeL aKHBeM. Onl cussaT OpOiETaNLHOE ABH 2XcHHE 3CKTPOHA C CTO CTIKHOM, CHIETKA HSMHHB KBAHTOBOC YPaBHEHHe 1BH- 2xeus ouekTpowa. B oTo!t Boenenuoit kBaKToBKIe 4Hcna 2seKTpOHOB TOZsH- MmlOTea TAKUM aCe NPABUIAM, KaK MB HaUlel, ¢ EMMNCTREHNBIM OTINGHEM: ‘cin aneKTpOHA ¢ oPGHTaAIBHBIM KEAHTOBHIM 4HKCHOM I paBes s=(4D/2. Tipiiuyin Mayan sinomsetes 124 m0G0ro enna. 1. Yewy panea cru snexrpowsa wa s-,p-, d-opGatanax avo Beenenoil? Cxosibko aneKtpovon Moxer HaXxOAHTECK Ha OAH S-, p-u d-opOuTasm? 2. Cromsko sueMentos skiovaer sTOPoH nepuou TlepuoaMiecKoii cucte- tw aroii BeesestHoi? Imeopemurecrai myp. Veron x80 33 3. Hanmurre snextponniie KOKpHTypauNH BHUIKIETO ypoBtA JUN8 atiaT0- os ulesOuHBIX MeTasLIO8 H ratoreHos. OnperenuTe MAKCHMANBHYW) CTenleH 4, Hanumure snexrponyto Konpurypauino iectoro seMenta MepHoan- eckoli cicTeMB! H Ha OcHOBAHUH 9TH KoMDburypaunn yeTanosuTe opmyay BRICUNeTO BOOPOAHOTO coesMHeHHK 3TOTO suIeMEHTA, 5. Hasimas c kakoro sueMenTa suekrpontsie Konputrypamin Gyayr Oran ‘arkea oF Tex, KoTOpHe cymlecrayioT B Hamel Beenenuoli? 6. Kak nassivaetes KeaHTosoe ypastienve ABHAKHHA 3HeKrpoHa ® Hautel Beenennoit? Bagaua 3 B knure irszectuoro pycexoro yuenoro [’. Fecca «Ocuonasiua nerolt xi a> (S-e ws., 1840 r_) MoxHO HalfTit cnemyroutie CrpoK: « —Ne MUMaeMER 1. Hanmunre erpyxtypanie dpopaysst cocammennit 1, Hc IIL, ynoxsuy- ‘Tax Kuure I. Pecca «Ocwosanix sHcroit xuMui, ¢ HOSKIN CoBpeNeHKO! ‘opranisieckoit xHDaHH, 2. GAUeTMMUCTaN KHCHOTAY ABAKETER OHM H KPYIOTOHHOKHEIX pO- AYKTOR cOBpeMeHHO! XiMHYecKOi npomuuuenHoctH. Tpusenure cxeMB [Peaxuutit TPex NpOMBILLIEHHEIX MpOLeCcOB ee HONyYCHHK C YKASAHHEM CO ui. 3. [Ipuseanre tpw Texnonornveckix mpoliecca, 8 Koropsix «aueTunMeras Kucnoran Menioabsyeres B kavecTBe HCXOnHOTO BeULeCTBA, ¢ YKAIAHHEM YesIO- ‘uit ux mporexantis. 2. Nasu XXT wee.34_AXXVI Mencéynapodnan Mendescescran onvunuada, 2002 2, Kararcman, 2 Aswan Bagasa 4 pu mpokanueainn Havecks wHpoxo pactpoctpaxeHHoro B MpHpoze He- oprauiiseckoro nemtectaa n armocipepe Boxoposia OGpasyeres 1.822 F Boal, & Bocrarke ocraercx 4.285 r metaziia. [pi npoxammanny TaKoil we HaBecKH B armocepe CO puisenseres 2.265 11 (H.y.) yruteKuicaoro rasa, u ocTaeTes Ta- oe ae, Kak HB repBOM Caysiae, KOMINeCTHO MeTaNLIa. 1. Onpeaeanrre opuyay HeuasectHoro Heopraniteckoro cocAMHCHHS. 2. Hannuitre ypankeHix nporexaromnx peaxunti. 3agaya 5 Tipx aciicranm xxopa wa yrnesonopon A Gtino moayeHo ToABKO 18 MO Hoxaopnpomssoautix B u C, conepacauuix 29.5% xstopa. 1. Yeraiosure erpykrypue bopmyast neuects A, Bu C. 2. Burmmcaute, » KaKoM cooTHOMIeHHHE OGpaayiotes Bu C, ecaH orHocH- ‘TeTLMMe CKOPOCTHL IAMeWLeHIIA MPH TePBHYHOM, BYOpHUNOM H TPeTIMIHOM Tomax yriepona oTHoeaTeR KaK 1:4:5, 3. Moryr a pemectsa A, Bu C Gsirs pasytenents na onruveckie aHTHno- a? 4, Bean Kaxoe-nGo us 3Tux seulects MoxeT Ohirh pasiereHo Ha crepeo~ woMepi, npenroxuTe XHMUNECKHI MeTOs paynenenHa 1 HALMULHTTE YpABHE- us cooTseTeTayloWell MocreTosaTeNOCTH npespauleHu, HerloaBaya MpH HAMHCaKHH CxeM MpoeKuHouBie ‘bopsrysist Duwepa. 5. Tipeqomiere cxemy Kpatwaliutero nytt cmrrresa A 3 9TaHoa 1 Heop- rannuecknx peareirros. VxaxuTe YesOBHA npoweTeHA ITHX Peaxui (HArpe- anne, aelicrave cera, KATAINGGTOP, wAMIWATOP, TOBEIMIeHHOe WI TON 2kentioe aRenue, pacthopHTens). Banana 6 Pacrnop woaa 8 sewecrse A (CiHj)O) npw aelicrsws pacrsopa KOH ener ocaiox B, coxepxamni 96.7% nona, [px nponycKannn cwecn napos ‘A.c KulcroponoM max warpeToli Memiol{ npoBOTOKOH| OBpasyerca coesMHEHHE C (CiH.0). Branwoselicrane C c awiainaneratenom » mpycyrersi nopou- xooGpastoro exKoro Kazt (cpesta ~ ofp, Tewriepatypa 0-5°C) mpuBosier K oGpasonaniin wemectsa D (CHi20). Peaxun Dc pactaopasin cepHoli xi ‘CHOTA B aanKlcHMOCTH OF YenOnHil (KOHMEHTPAUHX KHCTOTS, HasHEHHE PaACTBO- purrens xaranusaropa, Tesmtepatypa) mpoTeKaeT To paskBin HarnpaTeHMAM. Tax, selicrane 50%-Holi cepnoit xnenorw (60°C, 4 4) Ha D npasoattr x o6pa- aonaninio Bemectoa E (CsHio), eymecrayioutero B BAe cMectt aByx reoNeT- puuecxitx 1owepos E; 1 Ea. Jlejicraue wa D pasGannexHoi cepHoil xncroTEt 8 ailetone B mpricyrcrann HgSO, mpusonH k oGpasonano ABYX CTPYKTYP- x omepos F x G (CyHi:0), Kaxkrttii 13 KoTopuix TaKoKe eyMlecTByeT B siute reowerpiieckix momepos (F,, F: H Gy, G:). B To xe spews narpesa- une D ¢ 10%uoli ceproit xuenorol (60°C, 6 4) 8 upHcyrersuu conelt prytHt Imeopemuccrais myp. romero 35 slaet coemnseue H (CsHy40.). B MK-cnextpe H umeiorer rooent norsouie- bu, coornercreyioujue KoeGannat casselt C-H (3000-2800 emt"), C-O (1200 ex) # C=O (1708 ew), ‘Hannuirre erpystypmse Gopmyani coemmnent A — H. 3agava 7 Buowsocmepaw (iam Guowsocmepnrinu avarozant) wansieaioren coe Henax pasmeiot (oraMYa‘outelica apyr OT apyra) expykrypst, OAKAKO THpO- apiigioutte OaMOTHNHYW) HSHONOTHMECKYHO AKTHBHOCT, Hanpusep, Gnowsocrepmmnn auaoraMn smisiorcs dpeHoabubie 1 Cy.abe ommanmzmie npoussomubie PewwtaHonannos (Bemecrs, soaelict- ny!OUUEX Ha ampenopeuenrops). OcHoBAHHeM Takoli aNAIOrHH aBaxercA TMpaTIMeck OMHAKORAR KuETOTHOCTS eHOMHOH M cynbamuaMAAHOl, mpynt. Kpoe toro, NH-parewr eyassoxiurasaaquolt rpynmist cnocoGex. (CEAABIBATECA C peUeTTOPOM, KAK 9TO TIOKASAHO Ha PHCYHKe, NpAKTHYeCKH TAK ‘xe sderrusno, kak w OH-rpyna GeHorsHEN FaHOIAMMHOB. Ore oem . " ZN 4 ons& “y 4 Uupoxo usnecruemnmt GitonsocrepaMHt ABstoTeR TAKE n-aMuIHO- Gerrsojiuaa kucaoTa M Gens crpenTouNa: awmnoSewoRuagencsora—— Gemul erpenrounn B nactoamiee spent ero, Henomssyiouutit «GHowsocTepHyio aHaOrHO>, MpoKO NPUMEHAeTCR IN HANPaBIeNHOTO NOHCKA HORKIX TeKapCTRCHHX npenapatos. Tipit 310M HoBaK xuNuecKaM CTPYKTYpa “KOHCTPYHPYeTCR” Ha ‘ocHoBe HBBeCTHOTO uSHONOTHHECKH AKTHBHOTO BELIECTRA, B KOTOPOM HacTs MoaeKYqu crlewIaubutiM OGpasom suyzoHswenserea. B TakOM npeEpamenuit BaxKHO YUNTRIBATS cHERYIOUIME MapaAMeTPAI HCXOAHOI NOTeKY.mHI H ee OHOIEIO- CTepnioro aniatora: «pasMepy MoneKYa, paccTORHe MeAY YHKUONAIBUB- Mu rpynmanu, a TaxKe HX KHCHOTHO-ocHoBKBe CnolicTEa, OckosHsiw sHorenmim TOPMOSHEIM MemiaTopoM (aemecTROM © yer auparouitM ZeficTaMeM) B UeHTpabHolt HepsHOH CHCTEME 2KHBOTHBIX H He- »36_XX71 Meseomapoonan Menderoecxan_ om wa, 2002 2, Kasareman, 2. Anuar snopeKa sageren ranMa-anuoMacasiias Kueaora (TAMK). Owa mpucyrersy- ef NpaKTHECKH BO BCEX HepBHUIX KeTKAX. B HaCTomIIee BpeMs MpOROUTER unrencuattisii nowek Remlecrs, criocoGuBIx samen TAMK. OusiiM 3 roa XOOB B TAKUX VecHeAOMAHMAX ABIKeTeR MOCK GHOHIOCTEpHBIX auatoros TAMK. 1. Tipupemure erpyxrypiyio dbopMyazy raxMa-axomomacaauolt KHCHOTEL 2. Hinae npubeslenbs ileCTs CTpYKTYp, TPH Hs KOTOPEIX IpEsICTABAATOT CO- Gol Guomocrepu no oTHoMemue K TAMK. Veaxnre, xaxwe unento, ‘oGocuylite cao shiGop. Kakute cpoticrea niuGpanusix Bava moseKyn onpesensior 1x Gnousocrep- HocTk io orHoweHInO k FaMMa-awnnHoMacmaMOl KucmOTE? soo He. my Ho Ho xm F cH ‘NN A B c oSon oon Bye to. oy 7 aa J wen é x D E F 3. Mouemy ocranumecs 1px cTpyxrypst He ABiaoTeK GuowsocrepaMn To oriomenmto K rana-annutiomacasHoll KHczoTe? 4. Kak nmsior sawectirean 8 Gestsoasiix xomsyax erpyktyp AH B Ha kulenoTHo-ocvionuise croficrea MoneKyA? Sanasa 8 Zs avianuza emect NayCOs, NazC;0, u NaCl wanecky maccoii 0.7371 r pactaopram m noxe, noBaRHinK 20.00 Nox cTaxaapTHoro pacTaopa HCI (0.2000 M), npqxunrriait 1 nposesm Turponanue, Ha KOTOpOE TOMLNO 8.24 MX CTaH- aaprworo pacrsopa NaOH (0.1016 M) ¢ wiamKatopom denoarpraneunon, rnwerouiis pT =9 (ntepsoe THTpOBARHE), TIpyryto Kavecky Toit me cnecn maccolt 0.6418 r npoxasmnit mpi 800°C, pacrnopitat a nose, a0Ga8i.1H 50.00 Nu crasszapruoro pacrsopa HCI (0.2000 M), mpoxunsrum 1 orrarposann 14.72 wr cranitaprHoro pacteopa NaOH (0.1016 M) c tescaxe mnumuxaropox (sropoe THTpoBaHte. 1. Harmuure ypasuena seex peaxunii, nporeKaroupix # xoxe anansa. 2. Paccuuraitre maccossie jo. (%) KoMTOHeHTOB B cMect. Hmecpemmecaiimp. Yeweusady 8 II reopernveckuit typ Anamernseckas xHMHa Banasa 1 Ha pucyueax npusenens xpuabie THrposar 10,00 rex pactaopa neuect- aa X ¢ MoaapHolt waccoit 381.4 pactsopamm: a) 0.02274 M HCI, 6) 0.02171 M ‘NaOH st 8) 0.500 M mantra TTT TT ,] ») : ——— ° o T To Vee 1. Uro npectasaser co6oit semectso X? Harumure ero fpopmyay. 2, Hanmunrre ypastienna acex peaxuni, nporeKatomux 8 xoqe THTPOBA- 3. Yemy pasiia Macca (r) semecrsa X B THrpyeom pacrnope? 4. Yemy craner paso suavenne pH ncxoaHoro pactaopa neuiecra X, ec- aw ero pasbamirs BoxoHt mS pas? Bagaya 2 Ri eNOn Awoxcww 1,2-amapGonnx coesumennit upoxo inpnweunorer nm onpenenens sens pasauaun weTona. ®~SNOH38___KEKVT Meardynapodnan Mewdenecscnae onurada, 2002 2, Kenaxeman, 2 Anwar Betrsnaanoxcum (BHO, Ry CoH) eymectayer B 1pex ysomepmaox hopsax: o, B a 7. C HOHOM Ni* a-BUO oOpasyer yeroiiuussii xommiexe cocrasa 1:2, 7-510 — manoyctoitunmsslt kowmutexe cocrasa 1:1, a B-B/IO © Ni" ne pranwonelicrayer. Fim ausetuaranoxcnma (IMP, R,=R:=CH;) ieectia toxsKo a ‘opma. Mpeanioaaraeres, sro fw 7-JIMI' » pactsopax Guictpo neperpynmi posuisaiorea » a-{IMI. Kowmnexe Ni* c J{MP neckma ycroltua, npaknivecki wepactaopim 5 ‘owe u axctparupyetex xaopopopMoM. Kosmtexc Fe™ (i Gonstnmmcrsa 2py- rx MoHoR MepexoaHBix MeTasia08) ¢ [MI pacrsopum 8 Boze, a xtoporpop- MOM OKCTPATHPYeTCA TOALKO B NPHCYTCTRHM IAPHAMHA HAM BLICUINX crMPTOS. Ha ro0GH0M pasnsnu cHolicTB KOMILIEKCOR OCHORAHO MHOXKECTRO METOIOB ‘ommeeHHs H rpasuaMetpuveckoro onpetestenin Makers ¢ JIM 1. HaoGpanire erpyerypusie opus a, B- 1 7-510. 2. Tipeaioaurre mexainrae wo:oxioit neperpynnuposka B+ y-JIMI 8 MI. 3. HooGpaaire erpyrypunie Popmyit Kownatextow JIMT’¢ Ni* 1 Fe 4, Tipu oxcrpaxwie woua Ni“’ i 100 m1 ero noxnoro pactaopa 10 ma xxopopopusioro pacrnopa JIMI' » oprantvcexyio gaxy nepenizo 95% oSme- ro wosivecrna wixeas. Yeny pases xonbypmesr pacrpezeneni mukean 8 5 Pacouralzewamoe aavente pH, ph KOTOpOM HOBMORGA >- ‘paxina 99% Ni? us somworo pactaopa pasiiim o6zemom 0.1 M pacrsopa IMT 8 xsopoopwe. OGmas xoucranra ycroiuupoctn Kommuexca Ni? c TIMP pasa f)=2.5-10". Koxeranrst kucaornocms [MP cocrasasior Kui 910, Ko =9.0-10". Konctani: pacnpeaesenus IMI’ u Kommaek- ca auweaa p cneveme CHCh~ HsO pauusi, coormercreentio, Ki = 0.11 a Kp = 2.0107, Heoprannvecxas xan. Bagaua L B 1937 +. P. Lilsapu M. [lImaiiccep osoxuporatinest pacrsopa 6poma BO ‘bpeowe mpu tennepatype -50°C cmTesuposan xkes0-oparpxeniali NpOAYKT, okazanuriica oasunt i oxcuaoR GpoNta (oKcHsA A). Cnycts 37 ser Jax. Tlac- anh YCTaHOBWA, ¥TO pawoXeHMe 3TOrO OKCHAa NPM HarpeRaHHM oT 50°C 20 -$°C npusoaurr x nosyuemuo aByx apyrux oxeHAOB: MeHee seTy= ero sonotucro-xesrroro pera (oKcwa B) Gonee nery¥ero TeMHo- xopitinenoro pera (oxciaa C). Has xunmseckoro aHanisa ITHX oKCHIOS HeTIosEsOnAAIH PeaKUHIO ¢ HOIWI-AKOHOM 8 KuCAOH cpene; BuLAeRHBLIMIICA ‘Hoa THrpoBani 0.065 M pactaopos tuocysmbara, GpoM Hs Toll we HaBeCKH Conpenexan noteuuHoMeTpieckiM Tieponainen 0.02 M pactsopos wieTpa- a cepetpa, Pesysisrarst aaniton npestcTanienbs 8 TaGamue: Umeopemecrss myp.Yeroeua 29004 39 Benes {AgNO}, wt “xenTo-eparkeauil OKO A 103 67 sosorterooxesaoxci B 7 Ma _emo-sopiraentti onc C m4 M42 1. Yeranooure dopmyam oxcuzos A, Bu C, Ormer nosrsepanre pacse- ‘Tani. 2. Paccuntraitre Maccht HABECOK OKCHLIOB, HEMOEIORAMHBIK m XINEIECKOM aaa. 3. [pnneaure sosMoxuiie CrPYKTypHIe *hopMy. YRAsUHX OKC. 4.B capasowuine «Tepwonmtanarieckne cBOjicr#a HILTHBHAYANSHSIX Re- ecta» (1962 Fr.) oreyrersyior HalexHo onpesenemuxe nemHNANB DHTaNE- ‘uit o6pasosanna oxcni0n Gpowa. Tlonprraiirec oueHMT ori seca, exo us sneprnit censeit: E(Br:) = 193, £(0,) = 498, E(Br-O) = 230, E(Br=-O) = 300 KJpx/moas, 9HTAIBTINA HCnapeHHA wMAKOrO Gpowa cocTaBnseT 31 xJbw/mons, Sanaa 2 Bumapme ueoprannueckie seutecrsa I~ VII onsuaKosoro crexuoser- pueckoro coctasa coaepacar oams OGuluit aneweur. Bee weuecr#a Np KON- haTnoit rewnepatype WKH, HeKoTopsic Hx cnoficraa npesicTantems 8 cre- aylouell TaGaMue, re coemHHeHUa PacmoTOKeHbI B MOpssIke BospacTaHH MoutexyiapHBix Macc. ed 1 23 | 77_| cecamernoe | we cueumaeres —— | 6 | 58 _| seamerme | RANE nmaaer Gol onion | -50 | 23 | cccunerce | PANDr, aumaaer Gen oka 1 |_-21 [153 | rapnmenoe | PEDYE opnvetex oul perp, ¥ | ae | 136 [ee | On ne ST ees i 1. Onpexeaure dbopmyani veutects I~ VII. 2. Hanmuuure ypasvens peaxinit ssamonelicraus nemects I~ VII ¢ 80- oi 3. Kaxoe ms sewects (I wan soga) 6yaer vaxniel? 4, Tlovemy 8 raGauue sx emtectoa VII p rpadpe «gy CTOHT MposepK? 5. Tlouemy nce Beuiecrsa HMeIOT HISKHe TeMMepaTYpH NaBMENHA H He vei Rhicoxne Texrleparypst kitresia? epxueli Gare, a kakoe — &40_2XXV1 Meowynapodan Mewdercencxan orunuada 2002 2, Kavaroman, 2 Anwame Bagaua 3 Cone rewamer, wosonr py, Wi soueres ase —~ eps yun Cyas6e caspanaw xonone CCiyeniaaee raxccrsn aro, Kak canopoaos sa20ToH Bipyrax cxcnoro pyaoxor ‘Baxsom Kecece B urecrajecaTsix rosax npouutoro croneTus pH iy¥ewet pyANEIX Me~ cropoxaesmit Kasaxctana s musepaste Goprnre (CusFeS,) 8 Bile Konto Mopduix MHKpOarperaron Gs OGHapyxKeH HoBL MuHEpaN, KoTOpEI Gut Hassan docezkazanumom. B cospeMeHiix YieOHHKAX NiKEpaAOrHHt © HEM. nmutetea Concem HeMHoro: «Hay4eH cao». ‘Jas anamwsa napecky TonKowswensacuworo usrepana maccolt 1.000 r NPOKaMHTH B TIOTOKe KHETOPONA AO NOCTOSHHOM Macckt (OCTATOK HepHOro pera 0.211 1), a neryse npopyerst pastoxcune noriorHAH BOAHBA pac- ‘TBopom mepexuicu sosopona (OGseM pacrsopa noroTuresa 1oBesH 10 100 ei). Ha tierposauine auknorsi 10 ne rloaysexHoro pacrsopa toui10 11.9 Mut (0.2 M pacteopa ruapoxcuza narpus. Anavtoruunas amiksoTa pacrsopa ¢ 13° GsiTKoM pactBopa xtopHiaa GapHs siaeT 0.247 r Gexoro ocanka, 1,B Gopmirre kaxoro pernoua Kasaxctata (cenepHoro, 1oxHorO, Wet ‘pasbsoro, 2anauHoro Win wOcKONKOTO) O8L1 OTKPAIT HOB wnepalt? 2. Onpenensre coctan soxeakaarantra (npunesueTe GopMyay) 3, TlpowspoxcT#o KaKHX BeUIECTE MOKHO OPTaHMoRATS Ha Ga%e GopHitTa, ent npowsiuienHas axcnayaTauia ero saracos Gyner pentabenbita? 4.Bunenenme xaKoro MeTaWIa NONOTHHTEN‘HO BOSMOKKO. Guarosaps pricyrersio sxeaKaaranstTa B Goprre? 5. Ha Kaxoli craanut nepepaGorin Goprira nosMOxHO KOHUEHTpHpOBAHHE 4 Bhitenenne weraiia (1. 4): KoHUeHTpMPOBAHME PY.As, OkHEAATEBHBI OO “xHT, poccTaHoneHMe NepHoporo weTataa, aneKTpopadpmpoBare? 6. TIpecuioxure (8 (hopme YpaBHeHill XHMHECKHX peaxtl) cTOCOG no- aysena aroro meTana. Bagasa 4 Een mpi ~64°C n 400.0 sex aaxoro axnaxa pactaoprrrs 0.7700 r ne- lucctra MeX,, 10 obpasyetca pactaop seuecrsa A (KoHucHTpanix 0.25 onw/a), B KoTopoM KoopzHaitHOHoe sHeTo Me yMenbunaeTes Ha exHMtLy, a3 He mbLienseres, a yaensnax anexrponponoanocts « (Om et) yaeat- ‘uneactes oT 1.6:107 (pae =—Igee = 6.8) 10 1.2:10° (pe = 4.92). K omtaKo- BBIM lOpmOIAM TaKOrO PacrBopa AOGARNAAK paskite KONMNECTBA aTpHR (n=w(Na)/v(MeX,)) M ocne —nomsorosbiaerenmx rasa ¥ (m= \(¥)/ v(MeX,)) momepai w. Banitcmmocrat par = fn) (1) xm = flr) 2) npHpenen na pucyie. Hmeopemurecsui myp. Yerouun aa 41 18 88 - m pe 1¢ hay 2 58 os 48 etd O 0 0s 1 18 2 Ma pactwopon ¢ n= 1.0 np -33°C H non¥xeHHOM staBseHH p aMHaKa sum msuenenes GecuseTuiie coeamnenns B, C uD: Coessmenne B c D Pim pce, oa eae |) orepa nace pt arpenin, wa % sa2s | 272 | 303 Tip uarpesanmit coeannemmii B,C a D noaywun xpicranns coe mor E, uneromne Meranauseckuit Gaeck, Ha pacraopa c n> [.0 mpi cTaitapriom aapnenin BuuemUTHeS 2kesTTO- semeumte kpucranm coma F, Tora xax np m<1.0 ocanki we Bunenamucs 1. OGsacnrre sHawirrembioe HOMeHeNMe BemeMID & pH pactsopensH MeX, 8 NH, 2. Pacuindpyitre semecrba H HannuneTe ypasnentis peaxuuth 3. OGuacurre xapaktep HaMexeHUa pe: HeauauuTemDtoe Mpa n<1.0 x peskoe npit 1.0-<1 <2. 4. MpeackaxuTe 182 HOxMOKHEX BapHauTa HaMeHeINN BeIMSHH & mpH n> 2,0, cca anon » weutectse F makcinatsHo HeHacsiuien mo X, a acca F He mensercs (cwitratire, 4To npH pacraopensnt MeX,, oGuem He HINEHKETCA) Banana 5 Cymecroygr xpu eereernensn. panvoaxrrsn pase: pax 38U, pan 280 mpan 23TH 1. Onperemrre, cxoasKo sacrint € Maccomun seTOM, pasisiM 4, MOTO paswecrims # aqpax 2380, "Th w 22U., Jon xexaoro 1s nasuanix pa os aflame shpexcie, nowBonsioNlee pit HORECTHOM MaccOROM SHC roorona orectir moTOm K Ostomy 19 YADAHIAX pat0B 2. sire onpeaenernte macconoro ‘ea 3.B paay topvia wmeerea moron “Th. Kaxona zomkia Guire nociieno- sareniuocrs paswoaxrmutoro pactaa np nepexoxe ot “Th x “ATH? Yaaacrre nce sosumxatouie ph 970M WsoTor42_X071 Meseoynapoduas Mendeneeacsas onunmuada, 2002 2, Kavarcman, 2, Anwams 4. Yeaxnte nocsenoparensiocre omepauuii, KoTopyio nenecoobpaatiee cero nnomss0BaT jx wutxeeMs woToTa * 5. O6paneu paunoxnnariecki scroro waorona "Th (Tia = 1.9 ner) © pa- AwoaxTuBHocTHIo a Bx NoMeCTALIM ® npemIbapHTeAbHO 2BaKYUPORAHHYIO aM- nyay v sananan. Paa "Th saxannnaercs OmMHW H9 craGHIbHBIX HOTOTOR canma. Tpu pacnae “Th s wenosKe pamHOaKTHBHX nyKMHAOB HMeeTCR om aoronon pao. Bowne morons cata: “Pb, =P n= Pb. Bosmoxiie wa0Tomt patona: “Rn, Ty2 = 3.92 ¢; *"Rn, Tin 54.5 ¢; Rn, T2= 3.8 ama. C nomouso mtapaxertti, noaysextiesx pasce (n. 1), onpenemt. Te WBOTOMHA CEMA pasloua w pxay TOpHA 6.Tpinrre, sro sepes 30 sHeli 8 aMmyne HacTynitne neKopoe paRHoRe- ce, PaccuuTaiire OTHOMeHME napmHANbHEIX AaBTeHK ra2006pa2HKX Npo- [AYKTOB pactiava, MeMONKAYs a KaK SEO. 7. Kax wsnecrso, mpi nepepaGorke oTxon08 ypaHoBoit pyast (cMonsHOi Guat, ypaxonoit ewomkH) cynpyrann Kiopi SLM OTKpHITH 152 HOBKIX snemeura: nostounit u paguit. Kaxie 1 ykasaHHBIX HiDKE MoovOnOS pass NOAOKHA MOTH GsrTm BHIAEneH HS ypaNoROfi pysIK B MpolIeece ee Nepepa- Gorka? Tp orBete na 2T0T Bonpoc YKarkuTe Ha Te mpHotiaKH (cnoficrBa), KO- Topsie nosponisms Bax isGparb Tor HH HHO HOOTON. Po, Tia = 0.15 6; Po, Tia = 138.4 ma; 8. Mpa cpastienwn panxoaxtisHioctell paxnisilx oGpanuos pyael M ene UHAMBHO MpHTOTOBTeHEEX OBpasion Mapax Kop mpeanonoxia, 570m Ye conepKaTCR HeGomsImHe KOTHYECTBA HEHSBECTHIX PaIHOAKTHBHBIX H3O- ‘Tonos, Ha kaxom OcHOBAHIH MoxIO cZesaTS TaKOE NpeAONOxEHHE? 9. Kanno yoroBiinM (KaKOMY yextonH0) LOMA YORIeTBOPETS Opasust 18 cpastentia? 10. Tipuseastre bopmy.zy ypaxionoik cmon. Banaya 6 {Ox 2a, 10 ast eo soar, W conopua, xx snaets oyu, wwe comeroms~ He aru eae war wor esen » ke, enor, ero Bor w Gee Baarsor ax npOcTue sea,» xerpecnseresiscxoHee Bann Kenoceoe Tipr mpoxazusanvn ewecelt oxci0s (H nepoxcwos) pasnisnoro cocrana (aunncra) 3 toxe sareropoaa Guim notyyemt ommtopasue npenaparsi IT —1V. Cocrasst uexonnax cMecell, yexosun npoKanusanus x cBolicrsa OGps3yI0- oxes coemmenti mpencranienn # TaGmne. B cocTan BCex HCKOAHBIX CMe cell sxonua temat oxcut T, oGzanaiounit rpaneuerrrpmposatioi KyGwse- exoti pemernoit (a = 0.54223 uw) m uaceioul nuotHoers 11.21 r/ew’. Co- eautieae II pactsopserca » 2 M pacrsope LiOH ¢ oGpanonaninem Texto seretioro pacrnopa, A. meopemuvecatimyp. Yeroeun sada 4B ey ners eal heed Cock Mca ee eee el Lio | 6s a | 16 | 68 st vast} 533 nO) SS | 0 u fo. tio; | 4 Bi; | 305 | «20 | 16 | s9 | mt Josser 698 1 [as on bao, | 354] as0 | 1s | 33 | av fosseo 6o1 t_| 2a 1. Onperenure cocras oxcusa I 2. Onpexemure cocran coexumtennit I —V. 3. Onpenemre crenest oxucneuns acex anewenros 8 cocauseui IV. 4. Komy upauayiexut mpHopHrer B OTKPEITHH 3TOTO THNa COEAMHEHH? 5. Korma (¢ romocTiso 20 4eTmeprit Beka) npoHIouIno 30 orKpAITe? 6. Ji nposexcuua soli paSorit TpeGoBaniic wHcTHe Mpenaparel Li,O, LigO,, Na,O» # BaO>. Hipesuioxarre enoco6ui ux aGoparopioro HOxy¥eNN B ‘dope xumoraeceix peaxsut 7. Hanmumare ypansienst peaxwni cntrresa coesmmeni Ht ~ LV. Oprannveckas xuns Sagaua 1 B mncruryre opranmueckoi xin Kemscxoro ymunepewrera (Tepsa- sua) » 60-x ronax mpomunoro Bexa Ghin paspaGorax cheayroutai nyt Womy= ena coeaimenix E ms nadpranna: CO Nebel, CHC, y NaENH, © Ba, ,CHONS, 5 GoHsOH "SOK NOH” (CHO (CoH 0 wapramt Beueerso D mpencrasaser coGolt execs usoqepos. Coeaunenne B uteet ‘ase rpynnst curkanoa 8 cnektpe AMP-'H, a coeannerue E — 1p rpynnst ‘cuTHasIOB, npHYeM oN HB cuTHAROR pacrionoxeH MpHt ~0.45 M.A, 1. Pacunppyiive cxewy mpespamennit, yeranonis erpykryps coemue- ii A= 2. Yeannre, cxossKo ioMepos wentecrna D ofpaayetes m peak mpe- Bpaulena C 8 D. Tipupesitre ux CTpykTypHbie bopMy bi. 3, Hasosire coestmene E no cicteNarieckoit HoMeHKaType44_XXXV Meseamapotnan Mewdesceacas anuwnuada, 20022, Kasaxeman, 2 Anwams 4. Jas coeausenis E ykakuTe npHMepHoe NONOKEHHE ABYX APYTUX CHT- aos mporotos w ero cntexrpe SIMP-'H c TowHocrsio +1 st. a TaKXe COOT- Noulesie MHTeHCHBHOCTe! RceX TpeX cHTHaNOR. 5. Ha ocuopanin aamusix crextpon SMP caenaiire saxmiowennte 06 oco- Genwoctax auexrpoxnolk crpytypst E 1 ockonHo (1aHax1ee xapaktepHoM) ‘Tune peaxiuiii, OGuscirre cjesianioe Bawn oTHecenHe cHrHanoB jtx coeAK- news E, Sanaua 2 Tipu mpxGannensn x pacrsopy 21 r tprpestapocipunta (saat n 60%-nox aGsrrke OT TeopiiH) B 200 nex ropasero MeraHOna 4.83 r BewtecTEa A — KpH- cramnorwpara mitpara memn({l) ~ numa Gest ocanox Kowutexca B, co- aepKamtero 9.8% Cu, 66.45% Cn 4.65% H. Tlocae mepexpucrantHsainn eymmkit acca B cocrapina 11.18 r (Bsrxom 86%). B maTostion pacrBope cO- slepxanoce 2.78 r xHcnoporcorepxamero seutectea C 4 HGsITOK Tpade- upocuna (apyrHx opranmsecKHX neutecre OGHapyRKeHO He OBL10). ECan BuImIeoMHcaMHy10 PeaKUHO NpOBOATE B oTaKONe, TO BMECTO B oOpasyeTcs owminexe D, conepxamni 7.0% Cum mmerouyait re ae seranass, 40 1 B. Mpa nepexprcranmaunn D 19 Mevanona cHona oGpasyetcs B. 1, Pacmumppyiire Bemecrsa A ~ D. Orset momreépane pacuerani. 2. Hanmumure ypasiewus nporexaioumnx xunmcaecknx peaxusti 3. Hapucyiire npoctpancrscayio crpykrypy semects B, C x D. 4, Bemectno B snaxeten MoHOamepHBIM KOMILTeKCOM. TIpH TOMONLH KaKO- FO HS YRASAHNLLIX HIKE USHKO-KHMHIECKIX MeTOIOB 9TO MOAHO YCTANO- itr: a) anemenaislt anna; 6) xpHOcKONMA; B) stepHEA MarvOtTHBH per0- ‘anc; r) aaexrpounsii napawarniTasti pesonanc? Bagaua 3 Coeauuenus Au B npescrasnsior coGow GecuneTune 2xHAKOCTH € TeM- neparypaMir xuntenma 106.2 1 74°C coornercraemmo, B ux HK-cnekrpax pit CyTeTayIOT mTeHCHBHBE HOOCH MorsIOMeEHAK MpH 1715 en (A) 4 1740 ext (B). 06a semectsa oGpasytor xpucranmmueckwe npossommte c 2,4-mMUHT- popenmiruapasuwom, B cnexrpe SIMP-'H cocammenua A waGmonaioTea TombKO sa CHHTseTa c xHMIecKHOH coaMraNe 51.10 m2. 1 1.95 ma. HCO orHoweHHem msTerpanbeex uxTencusHocrelt 3:1. To aMubim macc~ cmtektponerpHH MosexyaspHax Macca A pasiia 100, Coermmenne B Tarxe iaet 8 cuextpe SIMP.'H Tox.xo sa curera ¢ xumuveckum capuramn 5 1.10 ma. 19.50 a, COomOMeNHE MITTerpaAbHBIX HHTeMCHBHOCTEM KOTOPHIX papno 9:1. B ero cnexrpe AMP-"'C coneparea TpH curuana ¢ xHMHYeCKHMHL cusurantt 23.4 v4.1, 44.2 Mt H 205.6 v4. Tipu eranmoelicrans A 4 Be npicyrcraun ciumHoro ocHonaHnx oGpaay- eres coeamnenne C, 8 cnextpe SMP.'H xoToporo naGmonaiores spa CHAE ‘Tac xuMHveckHMH caoMraMiK 1.10 Ns. 4 1.17 Mat. M Ba ayGzeTa MpH 6.40 Ma. 7.00 mat c pacuteniennen mexy KomnonetTan 15.0 Tu. Cooruouse- HU meopemwrecni wp. Vero sada 4s me witerpamiux mitrencusuoctell chrnasios coctamiser 9:9:1:1. Bemecrso C pearnpyet ¢ HBr, oGpasys nemecrso D, » cnextpe SIMP-'H xoroporo 1a- Gnvonaiores nipa cmniraeTa ¢ xMMMNeCKHMH cHBUTAMH 1.08 ML W113 ML, a ‘Taioke TpH my.tsTunuera (ayGueTs! AyGuev0R) np 2.71 si. © pacuter-teMH- soc 1.9 Fw 17,7 Cu, np 3.25 aca. © pacutenrenussor 10.0 Tn a 17.7 Fu pn 4.38 w.a. ¢ pacuienienuannt 1.9 Ty. 10.0 Fu. Coornomenne mrrerpan- MBIX HHETeHCHBHOCTeH 9THX IAT CHTHaIOB B cneKrpe cocrawaxeT 9:9:1:1:1. 1. Onpegenure crpoese coeaunennit A, B,C 1 D. 2. Cuenafite saxaovente o crepeoxuainn cocautiens C. 3, Tiponenrre oruecene curuanon » enexrpax AMP-'H pcex coenuHe- sli, @ Tawke cnextpe AMP-!°C coeaunensx B. 4. Mpeatoxnte wanGonee npocroit nyss cuTesa A us JOCTyMHBIX HeXOI- mux peutecrs. Sanaya 4 Bone cra ner wasax B. Meiiep orkpuia wonoe xuwuieckoe nemtecrbo X. Tip aemoucrpaumu oniston Ha slexuiMH om OOHapyAnH, To Genson He zaer ‘xapakTepHoro TeMHO-cHHero OkpalNHBaMN B TpHcyTCTHMH HATHA H CepHOHL xatcaoTsL, xoTs pantie cuHrranoce, 4TO 37a peaKHA xapakrepHa 11a Gerson, Oxasaock, 470 cunTeTieckiit Gerson, B OTAHUMe OT GewsO.Ta, HoMy'eHHOTO MMPOANGOM KaMeHMOyroaBHOH cmon, 7TOTO OKPAUIMBAHHA He JAeT, a Peak- ns c wsaTHHOM OGycHOBeHA npHMecbo, conepxantelica B Gewore. Ospa6oras 2000 1 Gensona KoHeHTpuposaKHo! cepHoii Kucaorol, Me ep suutemna ¥2 obpaosaauiciicn cymsoruciors oxono 2 Kr mpospasHoit GecusetHol 2NAKOCTH X C fyyy = 83°C. B xavecTse sapnaHtTon HaspaHtis X OH aCeMarpHBAN cslenyIOUNHe: BHONH, HAOTeH, KPHITTAH, THOM, WHLTOMEH; OR- Mako ocTaHoB#t CROli BbIGOP Ha TOM Ha3BaHHt, KOTOPOe 3TO BeMleCTHO HOCHT i actonulee apes xoropoe orpuaaer ero pup. Mean Q Bry A NaN, ) Ho 7 ANN Ba pe x ye sc Grohe in aan a CH.COOH OspaGorxa nemectsa X osuu skeuBateHTOM GpoMa nprBo,ET K Coes neue A, Gpounposanne TpeMs xsusareKTaMM Gpona saeT coeauNeHHe B cocrana C,HBrS, o6paGoTxa rlocneaHero iHHKOM B YKcyCHOH KieOTE pH ORI K coeauteno C, KOTOPOE, B CROW O¥ePE de, MOMET GurTs Hosy4eHO 1 CoeaMHeHHa A oSpaGoTKol amujOM Harpist B H;AKOM aNNaFaKe. CocmMnHeHKe X Mower GirTs oxHeneHO c oGpaxonaHeM HecTOrKorO MponyxTa D cocrapa C.H,SO;, nocnesnit BeTynaeT B peakuUHTO ¢ AMMETHITAMUHOyALBEHOM, J sas TenHo-cauit npoayxt E cocrasa CigHs, HMeIouHt fy, = 99°C.46_XXX7T Meneymapodnan Meweseonn onuraada, 20022, Karaxeman. ¢ Asuamss 1, Tipusemte nassanue 1 opayay seutectsa X. 2. Kaxue npespauienis® mponexonsr ¢ X upi oOpaGorke cepHoll Kueao- oii? 3. Kak Ow! But wa mecre B, Meliepa ocymtecrann oGparioe npeapanienie cyanoxnestors ¥ aX? 4. OGeacuure npoucxoamume npespamienua mpuBesiTe CTpyktypst CO- ceannennit A, Bu C 5. Uro npeacrasaser coGoii coeammenue D uw ve npusuna ero neycroit- ‘aupoctn? 6. Hapucyiire erpyxtypy coeaunenus E. 7. Kak mpouexonur ssaunoselicrsue coemmmenua Dc amerusamnno- ‘bysezenon? Banaua 5 BulcOKaK KATAINTHYECKAA AKTHBHOCTS UMPKOHO- eHOBKIX KOMILIEKCOB B TlONMMEpHMsaNUNK NponHsleHA puseaa x MoumHoMy passitTmo 3Toit OGaacrH XHNGH VpecTust wipKonouesst, nommeprsyromme 20 25 ‘TAC. rpanMos Mponutewa 8 4ac Ha TpaMad UUPKONIE 8 omnponuien ¢ iporakrieyocTi¥0 97%. Ho mpusle- oO ene KavammsaTopos B npowituzennocrA Tpedyer He ene BHaHH! HX MOYEN B 2001 roay xommanns Shell paspaGoraza meTox cutTesa mHTaHAOB AM (COOTRETCTBYIOUIETO KOMILTEKCa € BBICOKIM BBIXOOM: CO ETP 2D FRmnsowa - on 1.8004 5+ cago aco = 1. Hao6paaure expyxtypmt coemmenii X, XI X2. 2.Mpearoxwre mexaism oGpasosanua X, yuuTuwax rlocsenosaren- HocTSs OGamIeHKA peareHTOR B PeaKUMOHHYHO CMEC, 3.Coequnenne X2 Guino nonyyeo marpesanuem, 2 we aciicrauem p-TsOH. TIpeatoxurre erpoene npoayera Z, oGpasylouteroes mpi KuesoT- ‘Holl jeraparanvi npHseeHHoH mpKe peaKiUIE H MexaHBM 9TOTO Mpottec ca (Z oGecunesunaer 1 axennanerrr 6poma), ee : fe eo tier e O) a sete ee SP sis Ph 40 4. Coenumenne ¥ cymectayer » Byx W30MepHBIX (PopMax: palteMaT H Me- sopopsa, napucyfire oGe erpykrypsbie bopMy/h ebuswseckas xunus 3agaua 1 B rasoaoii hase npu 60°C nporexaer peaxiuia no cremyloutemy wexamir wy! b= 10 %e" = 22107, A ———> BC ——_ A Havansunie sapsenna semects A, Bw C pasta: 4.00-10', 1.3310" a 0.64:10" Hla coorsererneno. 1. Paccuuraifre Hayanunyio Moaspayio KonueHTpanino euecra A. 2. Hanmmrre xunerieckoe ypaBHeHMe, BBipakaroutee 3aKOH stelicTBy:0- ‘uuex ace maa npomexyroxHoro nemectsa B. 43, Onpeneaure oGuiee aannesne & Ila m clicteme 1lociie TOro, Kak KOHN “rpauumn rlepecraHyT Ia MeHSTIC. 4. Bo ckombxo pas ywenbumHTes aBeHHe BeMLecTBA A TlocTe OKOHYARIIR peaxausit? 5. Kakaa 1 nepesncneMHax sent He saBHCHT OT HeXosIHOTO cocTaBA cemecn: a)[Ali 6)[A]e/ (Blo: »)[A].*{B]-; 1) (Ale-[Bl.? 6. B nepaoii peaxuun aiiaeserea 34 KIbx/MOMs TeNLTOTE!, 80 BTOPO! ~ TO rroutaeres 22 x/ka/Momb, Paccantraitre Tenaoofi afypexr Tperselt peaKt. 7. Mexoanyio cmect Harpeau 0 100°C. Bo cko.i5xo pas 8 KoHesHolt cMe~ cu sewecraa C Gyset Gonbue, eM nemeersa B, eco sHeprus axTanamun sropoit peaxiwin Ha 20 KUbk/Mon Gosbine, eM oueprua axTHBAIUUK TpeTbelt peaxin? TIpx pacueve ucnoabayitre ypaaiienite Appeniyca. Sayaya 2 Knayronomexaneckoe paceNonpentie spaUieiiit 89XaroMHOH NozeKy- nu pnaosur K npocroftbopuye 2am pauiarenbHX ypoRHER 2Hepri BR 8, = BHU += BollI+0,48 rae J = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...— Bpamatenbuoe KnatrroBoe sucno; h = 6.62610 Thee — noctosumas Taanxa; J = jr? — Mowent epi MomeKysm; f= mem / (mny+mm) — mpuwertennan Macca MomeKY.1; m;, my — MaccB! aTO- Mos; 7 ~ MexusutepHoe paccrosuie; By ~ BpAuLATeTbHad LOCTORHHAR, BBIpa- 2xenHas 8 exusunax sueprint (ZK). Bpamarersusie nepexoms, KOTOPKIe MPOHEXOAT TOMIBKO MEXKILY COCEIH- Mu cOcTomMAMH C MOTMOMIeHHeM WI HCMYCKAHMeM 97eKTPOMArHHTHOTO BAy¥eHUs, PerCTpUpy!OTER % BHLE BpAMLATeASHAIX CHIEXTPOB B MHKPOBOA- Honow aManasoHe, 1. Bunenire o6uyio opwyay sas pacsera HacTOT norsomes 8 IHETO spauiarenston cmespe aayxavossiol Monexyau (sac70Ta nepexoza cuaHa © pasHHuch sHeprHii coorHomeHHeM [Lanka hy = AE). 2B cexrpocron 0m YOMepeMs aneprin HOMEY ereuamy1O enmmnuy — «oGparanait cantunenp» (cw). Onun o6paruutit cantumerp coor- neterayer sHeprint caera ¢ JUIMHOH BomHE | eM. Buapasntre 1 eM! w JbK 8 Tpx/mom. 3. 3Has TOMOKCHHA TPEX COCEMHMX NHKOB MOTIOWEHAK H3 BPALLATeAHOTO criextpa @roponoopona: 82.19 em, 123.15 ew w 164.00 ew, onpenennre: 2) Bpautiarenbryio noctoanuyto (i em"); 6) wemvszepicepacerosine» NoxeKe rop089z0p0%8 4. Paccunraiire moronic exanra (8 ca!) » mpwmeaertaax 8 n, 3 wacTo- 1ax Horsoutenne fropononopora npn saveutenin woxopora na teliep 5. pean sneprir Tentonoro ratraern npx Tenneparype T pana KT (k= 138-10 Jox/K — noctosstias Boxbumana). Ecnu ra oneprus Meubine Dueprin nepexora na nepmist spatistensinil ypooent, 10 Bee MOMeKY/ haxourtea ita yzenon yposte 1 ne apanaioren, Onpezeaime TeNnep=Typy. ‘HiNKE KOTOPO!i MoueKysIbI dpropoBodopoga He Bpallarorea. eenepuvermarenesi mp 49 Swemepnmerransatit Typ Bazava 1, Anaamreckan xamns (astops Tapmaw 4.B., Mpoxoposa TB.) ‘Onpesenenne xor (eHTPAMINH HOTA B 9TaHOAEHOM pacrBope B nepsoii wacru saaasx npejraracrea mposecra cranxaprissamiio pacrso- pa THocyabbera HeTpHA, saKMOAIOUIYIOCK B ONPENE-IEHHH TONKO! KOHEH- panuan Na,$;05 » pactaope. Jlax aToro HenombayeTes OnMH H9 MeTOAOB KO- smuyecreenvoro aamisa — TitrpuMerpisecknii. Bo sropok sacra sarawt inpesviaraetex onpesesitts KORIeHTpattaio Hoa B 9TAKOMBHOM pacTBope Tak “Ke THTPHIMETPHECKHM METOAON. Memoduxa axcnepunenma 1. 3anomnutte Gioperky wexosHBiM pactHopom Na; ‘pyOxoi c varpomnoit wspecTHI. 2. B xaxctyio H8 Tpex KoHHECKHX KONG JUIN THTpoBAKA BHECHTE 10.0 Mx cranutaprnoro pactopa KxCr,0;, 10 x1 5%-soro pacrsopa KI i 10 ma IM H,SO,. Mprmepo sepes 5 nim npuOansre 100 six ancraiaHposarof Bons, TularenbHo mepenewaiire conepxuMoe KouG H THTpytiTe pactBopom Na;S;0; 16 Groperxn 20 Greawo-esTofi oxpackn. MpxGaasre 1.0 ~ 1.5 mx pactaopa xpaxwana x mpoxorrxaiire THTpOSATS 10 HeNEsHOBCHHS cHtHelt OxPACKH, 203 M saxpotire ce TIpuausaiire pactuop 13 Gioperxn sesyleuwo u paswoMepHo, 910 10- © SROHT cHHSHTS orpeuIHoCTs ero o3HpOBAKMA, PeKoMeHLLyeToR po- ecTH onlto rpyGoe THrpoBane, OGABIAR THTPANT NOPLOLEMH MH- MepHo 10 | aut, Ho xpalivelt Mepe ssa TOUHBIX. 3HaNeHKA OGBeMOR cueayET danesiBaTh ¢ TOHHOCTHIO 10 0.05 Mur. OGBeMBI THTpAHTa MIpH TONHBX THTPO Banax He oman pasmvar.ca Goee yew Ha 0.05 x1. B npoTuBHom caysae THETPORAHHe HEOGKOKAMO LOBLOPHTS eute Pas. — Pacowraitre cpenmit o6nem pactsopa NazS,0; 8 sx, mouezmero Ha a * —Hanmuute ypasienna scex peaxuutl, nporexaiouuex 8 xoge craniap- rursautn pacrsopa Na;S;03. ~Paccuiraitre KonuenTpauisio pactBopa Na;S:0s (moab/a) © ToNHOETHIO 20 ereeproro sHaKa. = Kakite noGosHble peakunM MOryT NpoTeKATs, ec onepaluno pasGanneHnx TuTpyemoro pacrsopa Bozoit onyctiTE? — Kakue kucnorst (HCI, HBr, HNOs, HCIO, 1m CHsCOOH) Moxto 8 aK oft MeroxuKe McnOMEIOBATS BMECTO cepHOll AIX cosTaHHR HeOBxoAMMO! xutcnortoctH epestst? =H creayioutero cnucka: NaCl, NaOH, Na;COs, Na;SO3, NaxCOs, BaCl; num MgCl; siiGepute seutecrso, xoropoe aoGasnaiot 8 pactBop 21a mpezoT- BpaMeHHA paxnoweHNA THocymbara HaTpHA, KaKyio peaKUo osBomseT50__XXXV Mesciynapoduan Mewdeseencsas anwmuada, 202 2. Kavareman, 2 Anvamis nnpenotepatirs Bis6pantioe Bast newects0? Zanmumute ypasnente sro pe- aku. 3, Tipnroronure pasGanennusii pactaop woz. [lax sroro s mepsyto Ko6y o6newoxs 100.0 mat BHecHre 10.00 wal anasttsupyemoro pacrsopa Mona, 25 wi ‘5%-woro pacrnopa KI, aoseaute pacTeop & KO.IGe AMCTAIIMpOBAHNO! BOIoI 220 MeTKH HC TuAaTeNBKO Hepemelaitre coslepaMMoe KOAGKL 4, 3anomurre Groperxy pacrnopom Na,S.05 4 saxpotite ee Tpy6KoHt ¢ Ha- 1poHHofi HapecTHIO. 5, B xckayio 13 TpeX KOHIECKHX KOnG sua THrposamus sMecHTe 10.0 Ma pasGasieworo pactaopa nora, 5 ma 1 M pacrsopa H2SO, # Titpyiize pac- popo NayS,0; 1 Gioperiat 10 GueaHo-mesTolt oxpackn. TIpuGapsre B Kou 6y 1.0 ~ 1.5 wan pacropa xpaxaaa npogosxalire Tirrponatine 10 e4esH0- ‘ents CHHeH OKpACKH (CM. peKOMeHLIALIIH K M2). —Pacoumaie spear oGsen pacraopa NasS;0, (8 Ma, noweamiero ts orponaane pecrope. . = amr ypanenne pea, mporessowel 8 xo3eTinpooas. —Pacommatveronuentpauyto(sos/1)woga 8 nexonHo (STaNOMSHOM)PaC- "mopec rosocrato 0 etneproro aKa" “caro noGost npouece MOxeT APOTEKAT » agENpYeNON pacrBope, cen onycri onepaito a0GunneHix pacraopa KI? “*paccumaite (c Towers 70 1 extn) werismny pH rATpyeworo pa Mona tarposars oa twoeyaudaroM usmpux np 8) pH = 6) pH= 10? Boar nema, year, xkie MPOUSCOM npenaTeTAYIC® TOMY. Baaaua 2. Opranmsectan xm (asroput Taveno C.E., Apyocunun C.B., Henaiidenxo BLT) (Cusrres rmapouoanaa-S-noameru -quGenmtaMnno-2-THasoaMNa Bam mpexcrom onysits rapowosn-S-nonMersa-2-nu6eH3ILI-AMHHO- 2erwaxoaul; MeTOIOM ToHNKocTOMHOM xpomarorpagun (TCX) onpenteaurs Koxppuuneir yaepansaux (R,) HexosHoro Reulecrsa M nponyKra peakuMit ‘ua pasiix 9TaMlax eFo OGpAIOBANNS, a TAKE OXAPaKTepHsORATE HEKOTOPLIE ccpolicrea cuiTesHposaimoro coeaMHeHHa, Zax noaysenisx — ruaponoamsa-5-nomwernn-2-anGensisxaniHo-2-7H- azoninia Baw npegaaraetes mponecra peaxigiio N-asuu.t-N’N'-n0Geustt- ‘THoMo‘eBHIT Co cANpToBLM pacTBOPOM Kona: Tipn pacverax nenoasayire Tome RoHUCHTpAUW CAHERPTHNK pacTPOpDE, YERANHLE Gaaeax ou pacraopant ee, A 2 a iO, O TQ TD Ss “OU Meroa toxkocsoiinoit xpomrorpad (TCX) ,B82Hl, umpoxo ucnosmayeren ® opranieveexo xin su1x wresriuGnaUH coesmeNn W yeranoRne- us ux sucroras. Kazu Kowriosent checu Mo- ‘ket OhiTs OxapakrepHoRAit oNpedeNeMHLM KO fy 2ObuumenroM yaepaiaasnos (R), xoTopusi onpe- x |" aenseres kax orsomene pacctoans x or TOK Hawecexiia pacraopa (erapt) 20 ue¥Tpa msria nemectna paccrommtio y or TONKI HaneceH tap eGR 20 rpm pone mca (eT prea) Ry ty. Memoduxa skenepunenma 1, TIpurovossre srauontuiait pactsop anGenauaTHomoyepnnit, Ha anaan- ‘TeckIx necax apeckre B GloKce pesLiomemmutl OGpaselt HexOHOTO BeULe- rsa, mpeanapieressHo sanecis caM O¥OKC, H paccuuraifre Maccy Bewiect#a, B crakaHe pacTwopitre Hasecky aNGersicTTHOMOYERHHH! B 15 MI 3TAHOa, nepe- \eUIimaa cMecs cTeKIAHHO! nao¥KoH 0 TlomHOTO pacTBOpeHHA ReWLeCTRR. 2. lax nocseayiomero onpeneneuni R; N-aum-N',N'-an6ewsnrrHo- MONEBHHA! ¢ HOMOUIEIO Kananspa HaHecHTe pOOY nonyseHHorO pacrRopa bHa KaxcIyIo 1 Tpex xpomaTorpadieckux naacrunox (A, BH C) 8 TONKY, omevensyto uugppoi 1 3. Paceurmaitte oG8eM cruprosoro pacrsopa Mosla (KoHIeHTpaLIKHO ero Bui onpexemmm n sanave 1), HeoGxomMMoro alts losHoro MpoTeKanHs peak- raw. Haaeitre ator pacrsop 8 Goperky 4 Me7eHHO, NO KAIULAM, HoGamnaitre (ero K PacTSopy AUGeHBILTTHOMONERUHK, HeTIpepHIBHO epeMeUAKAA na TOKO! peaKuwonHyiO cMect. KaxayIo crenyiollyio KANO pacraopa HORA AoGanusiire nlocse NOTH MoAKOrO OGecunedHBATINA pacTaopa, JoSaBure B PeaKLMOHHYIO cMecs NPHMEpHO NOTOBIMY OGKeMa pacTEopa HOza, 4. {oa nociexytoutero onpererenus Ry cunresHpyeMoro Remtecraa mpi HeniomHoM MpOXOAAEHHN PeaKUUAK ¢ HOMOUILIO Apyroro KAMHLAIApa HaHeCHTE poy peakuonnoit cweci Ha Te Xe TPH xPoMATOrpaHNECKHE MNACTHMKH B TOUK, MOMeTeHHY!O WMhpor 2.52_ XXXVI Mexsmapenan Mendewencxan onuununda 20022, Kasareman, 2. Aswan 5, Tiponomaaiire aoGannsre 19 Groperka » peaxusouyio enecs pacraop noaa. Hlocne j0Ganzesms scero pacrsopa vox sunepawTe pactsop 20 xmi- yr. 6. Jus onpenenenns Ry cures yeworo semectsa mpi nomoM mpo- OKACHIM peaKLMK € HOMOIISKO Ka uanspa ov6epite mpoSy peaks rman oli cweci mt HaHCCHTTE e& Ha KOX- ayio 1 TpeX. xpowaTorpagusecKax nacriox 9 Touxy, nowevenHyio uncppott 3. Tonecrare nnactany A 2 xanepy © omioenTom A, mnacratry B — a xamepy ¢ amoewrow B ut na- cerntixy C~ i kawepy e amoentow C. Tloexe toro, Kai (poi IUKOCTH NOMHHMETER MOSITH 0 Nepxa Kaa OM 1a CMR, HBBHEKHTE TIGCKHENE, BICYUDTE HX Ha BosayNe w TeNEHMe 5-10 ME H nposmure ix 8 woanoi xasepe — Kparxo ommamtre, 6 4eM saxstoyaerea Meto TCX. = 3apncylire xposatorpanenss A, B uC. © —Onpeaenre Ry anGensuertHomovennnns 1 cnlfTesMpyemoro BemiecTBa ‘px HeItoaHom Ht loaHOM npoxousieHHM peaKut. ~ Onenrre noauory npoxoxsenisa peaxunn Mevosiom TCX. — Kaxas in mpesyioxenniix Ba xposarorpaduseckux cucren (A, B wn C) smnseTes HanGonee noaxousuiel JuIx anauIHsa AaHOHt peaKIUTOMHOMT cMecH? (Omer o6ocuyitre. 7.B peaxuuomiyio eweck px nepementsaninn nanowKori noOansre 40 Nex rexcava, Haviiiaer auinanaTs xpncrannuueckuit ocanox, [orpiTe na0sKort ‘cenit craxana w oeranore Ha 20 nulHyT 20 npekpaitens suinatenia ocaaxs. Paaneuuaize OcatOx R craxaNe umareneM nepenecure wa ustbTp co cTEK- saKHo nacruuKof. Bexowre soxoerpyiHsil Hacoe, npacoezmrTe mur K orpoay KonOkt aa umETpOBAHIIA H OTDuMIpyitTe OcaoK. Tloee Toro, xa Mavostl pacrvop nepectancr xanats 8 Koa6y, OTCOeAMHTE NaKyy/umEt tusanr. Tpwneitre x ocazwy wa guutstpe 5-10 nur rexcana m tuuaTemito pas- ewaiive eyenesmto unatexeM. MpucoessuuTe saxyyscubi uLLAKT H BIO puuno orpuasrpyiize ocaaox. Jax cyluxit neitectaa ocTansTe ero Ha uaTpe reveune 15 MHHYT MpH BKTONEHHOM paKyyNe. 1) Kparr soaocrpyiivoro nacoca Moxa aaxpinats TomKO MPH OTeOE:- 4 eitom oF pitGopa naxyyation are 8, Banecure nomyieuttilt npoaykr, npesiapyTentito wanecus G1oKe, 9. Onpenesute tennepatypy miasaenu lozyseHKoro coemmHeHHa. On- eneneHie HpOROJHTCK 8 ANONHEHHOM ReMLECTROM KaTNAApe B eneLMALTE- HOM mpHGope. Jbrx toro wToGs sanomurTs Kaniunaap moatyueHHEIM Basi Be- ecTBOM, RosEMHTe 2arlaRHHLAH € OAHOTO KOHLA CTEKIAMNH KATIA, ero Seeneprenmanses my 33 ‘OTKpsITstH KOHeML NOTPYSHTE 8 BELICCTSO H HaGpAHHOe B REPXH KOHL Be NeCTBO CTPAXHHTE Ha [HO KaNH.LIApa, GpocaR ero HECKOMKO pad Hepes CTEK- aannyto TpyGky, YoraHowteMnylo Ha 2kecTKy!0 TloBepxHocTE. Sry onepaUpttO ajo NOSTOPETE Jo MoTHOrO aNlOMHeHHE KanLUUspa. ZareM KANWIASP sO MecruTe & mpHGop sua onpenenewus TeMIteparypH TLIaBIENIA. — 3amnunire onpesesemnyto Ban Tesmeparypy. Banmumite waecy nonyseHHoro nemecTaa H paccuinralte ero BBIKON © —Onmunrre sneumi sx nonysenmoro nemecrea (CTPYKTYpY KpI- Tasos 1 HX wer). pmpemre orwecenne curnanon ® rpmeneHwoM Ha cxeayromel crpanne enexrpe mporomsioro marHirroro pesowatica (TIMP) sua exttresupyemoro coeanienia. Orner NoTusupyiite. TIpusenenmuri cnexrp IMP sanwcax nia npxGope ¢ paGoselt ¥actoroii 300 MY, 3uavenua xinaniecknx casHros zaMet 8 wnuaHoHMEDX noaax (ppm). Ha ‘Bepxneli spesKe mpesicTansteHa YacTs chlektpa oT 3.6 0 4.8 M.A. 8 YkpyMHeH- no macurraGe. Tlonoxems nuKos a 97oM speske TaKxe mpencramtensi 8 MWITHONNEIX OAK H MOTYT GuITH NepesereHst B republ yuworKeHHeM Ha 300. Ommoctrenbitie MHTeHCHBHOCTH NMKOB NPHBEMEHEK NOM LIKAOH KHMHTECKHX camuron sia niexHeM crextpe. Tousocrb ux onpeaenena cocranaxer + 3%,54, <= Le Gea eaceny Gaauee ames aman 7 6 | XXXVI MEHJEIEEBCKASL OJIMMIHAJIA 2003 r., POCCHS, r. MOCKBA Lreoperuseckui typ Sanaya 1 B xone XIX sexa Byrepos, JlamGepron Bepos Gita ovkpsrr ocHosuoit 3AKOH CBETONOTLOMIEHIS: A=ele, me A — onTuseckas nnorHocTs pacrsopa, & — MonleKysapwbtl KoodppauneHT norouenus, / —~ TomMMHa cBeToHOroulaloUero cioR, c ~ KoUULeMTpaNKE peulecrsa. ETH B pacTBope MpHcyTCTBYeT HECKONDKO OFNOMIaHOULHX Be- UlecTB, To OMTHMECKAR ALIOTHOCTE paBHta CYMMe BKsIAIOB KAXTIOTO 13 KOMIIO- eHToB: Am eyley + bale + Hisweeune oxpackn snumKatopa ocHoRaHO Ha Nepexone ero 13 OnHoit oxpauienoli opi» apyryio Hin = H+ Inv Dro Momo HenOMsONATS AUR cHeKTpOdoTOMeTpHIeCKOTO OMpeseEHT KoweraNTs. KuesOTHOCTH MAAWKATOPA (Ki). Hine B TaGIMLE MpHBedeHAL pesyatrarus uswepeiin onmieckoll naomwoct A pacruopa wera04oro ‘oparrxesoro (cy = 1.8:10° M, (= 1.25 em) mpu pasmassix pH (A = 610 #0), "Ha PHCYHKe NpHBETeNEL CTeKTPM NOTMOMeNHIL 9KBKNOIAPHIX pAcTBOpOR pasusenx ops mxmeKaropa. Ht 4 109 es [2m | ose 338 0495 386 0410 1277 0318 dep i wwe 1. Pacesuraitre pKign JU MerHUTOROTO OpaHrREROTO 2. Paccunraiine ¢ (1mm “exr) ane cperonorstomaomyex gop Hin mo saweNsunt TAG aM56 AAAI Mercoynapodnan Menderececian anuunuade 20032. Pocews e. Mocks 3. Kaxow wrepsa pH nepexoaa oxpacki Ju1# MeTHOBOTO opamnxeBoro, ‘ceni npricyrerane omwofi 3 dbopMt CraHopuTes aaMeTINAM, KOTita €€ KOHUEH- ‘patos 8 10 pas npeesiuiaer xome¥Tpanio apyrof opr? 4.Paccunraiire xowenspauio muuwkaropa 8 BomoMm pacrsope ¢ pH = 2.25, ecm mpit xp = 580 uM A = 2.213, ey = 2.210" aewome eae, T= 2.08 em. Sagaya 2 Vso6paure erpyktypHnie dopayast yraewouopoaos I — X, Koropuie co ‘orseTeTBY.oT NpyBeAeHHHM B TaGAHNe XapaktepHcTINAM (3B KaxKTOM ciTyHAE OCTaTONHO OaHOTO peuteHH). i sez wosepne g Hexoropee ane Hanne Osiuee po | soxereryapnony corany | NE | xcnosan mpoerpnerenne) £ | "Necobeimocra eroema | SPENT? | pay auenenni yranoaopo%8 5 ‘aeponnore exenera put wren secre G ono enm - Na pU-TPy : sues Ge mem ersipe © = “n= mn, Ou weraape 1 | aunxnrsccrn parnerancuuati| (Gor, aaa~ 2epeamite) won 84, Neer ba & = (ora a sepranine) Cu “won a, a spmuunaitvccn a ne amamoutecs sepa G wow Boa, ue rerpaunctnvccea a _nanomtecsSeprubant a Mono Ov HT. a rerpawmcisecn a (rr na aepramiese) ey woo a8, Vit | sexcaumanvcent a snout 2epeininn i wow oan VAY renraumctivccxait aa Cathe 1x | Gnomes, "nee stom) wer mono ox yosepons = wropiaie Caine x. } sonoueansecrt wero | cere at yraepoma ~ BrepmeNe I meopemurecria mp. Yroesa sa 37 Sansa 3 B ape amnyaut oGsewom 250 m1 oMecriLns pacrBopsl, conepaxaUINe 0 0.246 r x1opua nesspecrHoro weTania MeCly, H 0GaBHLIH eso 0 101 Horo ocaACTERIA FHApoKcINA, TpHEM OBBEME PACTEOPOD C OcaIKANIH COLT sion mo 50 nex kak. Sore py 25°C B axnynax corsa aBseune 0.980 {mn 8 nepsoli ~ noaayxoxs, a 80 BrOpofi - azoTom. Hepes uexoropoe Bpenst nocne warpenanns 20 31°C japenne B O5eHx AMTIYIAX HaNAao HONEHITICS (8 ommoit noskimarsea, 8 apyroii ~ nommxarsca), a nocKe KosIFYeCTReNITOTO O6- Pasosaiuin ocaka pemtecTsa A cooTHouleHie po: p; = 1.20 Gombe He MELA rock (HAMCHeNNeM ANARHOCTH F=IOR MOXHO MpeHe6per). 1, Buruntemre yerantopmaniieca B aMnYaXx NaBTeHA PHP. 2. Yeraniosure tsmeneune creneus oxncaemus (Ar) MeTaiMIa pH mepexo~ se ot MeCl, A, cca una peak # eps atiyse pasocts oxuesitTeas- o-noccranoairrembix norenmanos E~ E*= 0.0272 B. 3. Pacumppyiire Beutecra Me, MeCl, A. 4, Hanne ypasnesix nporexaronn peak Sagaua 4 Ocrosnsi upompiuutensbint cnocoGom npousBoacTsa KambuptHAposauniolt ‘combi ABNACTEH avMTIaNHbi, paspaGorAHHEsT BO BTOpoH HosOBHHE XIX BeKa Geroruiicxum inpxenepom 9. Conpse. Ontiako on HMeeT pA HENOCTATKOB, pea Hx OAMH HS EaBHEIX — OIPOMHOE KOmHNECTBO OTOPOCHEX CTOMHEIX Bon «AWCTHALTEpHOMK -AHIKOCTHO> ~ PACTAOPOB XTOPHLTA KALIL, 3ArpRIHAHO- lux Bonoents. 1. Yeaxurre cupse, HeoGxoneMoe JU NPoIEIBOACTHA COs HHO aMMTIASO- my crtocody. Kakist TpeGonanuant xomkHO yzORAeTBOPATS CHIpHE Jas HIGe- 2xans 32GuBkx annapatypit? Yen Moxer 2aGusaTbea aninapar? 2. 3anomurre uponyexu 8 npuumMIbuO! cxeMe npousBoAcTBA, mpuBe- enol Ha cneayromel crpamite, SIRnseTCR 1M JaHHaR CxeMa MpoIRBOAIEN onxpsrroii wan xe uuctecKOi? 3. 3anmunre ypaswentia peaxuuil, nporeKarouux wa pasenx cramiinx "pouecca mpoussoscTsa, 4.Tpewioxure crioco6 yerpaneniix ykasaunoro B yen0sHH HenocrarKa Hpowtss0qcTRa MPH ero pagMetleHHt BOUAH JaBORA NO CHHTesy aMMHaKa. ‘Orner obocuyiire.58 LOUIE Mercoymapodnan Mondererecan onuumade 20032 Pocews » Moca TTpunyunuanenan cxena npoussodcmea karoyunupoeannoit codes 59 Sanaa 5 Cymectayer neckomexo tuos pazwioaxrusnoro pacnara: 1) a-pacnaa; 2) B-pacnax, 3) 8'-pacnan; 4) y-pactan; 5) K-aaxsar; 6) cnowranoe aeaese sep ‘Texenuix wsoTonos (D; 7) setense HEKOTOpH sep, HANpHNED AED ypawa-235, na renmonnrx weitrpowax f (gm). 1. 3anmunrre ypasnenx saepmerx npoueccos, npHBoasuURX K HenycKa- suito: a) snextpoxion; 6) noaierpoHoR. 2. TIpunesite ® awe ypasienni nocneaonaresHOcTs SIEpHX mpeapa- ‘cu, npowexonAMUEX » naepHtoM eaTope, 8 pesyabrare KoTOpLX oGpasy- rorex spa verona *%4Pu vs sep ypaua 238U 3. Baxorrunre cneayioute ATs ypanneHnit pacnana, ykasan saps Sapa Maccovoe sHci10 noaysaiouteroex Horona, Thin pacnama yKasaH HAM erpes oii, Veaxrre xuMmeckit 9:1eMeNT, K KOTOPOMY OTHOCHTER OTOT HYKIHLL 1) 7ABI—* > ...5. 2) FPP ..43 3) SCO 4) Bey 5 5) SKE 4.Pacenorpure mpouece seseHhs ypana-235 a TeIIORAIX Helfrpowa: UMpimesuTe ypaBHeHHe jeneHHA 8 OBMLeM BHAE, He YKAIKIBAR KONKPETHINR xapaxrepieriik ocKoaKoR X; H Xo, Tipusestnre ypaswenue Garanica 0 3ap%- ‘aM, O6031a%HB Sapam Rep OCKONKOB zi, 22, H YpaBHeNNe GaaHca no Mac- cam, oBostauis waccosnte sMesa Ay H Az (He eKTOM Maccsl MOKHO MpeHeO- pes), 8. Hetores sm cpean nepesHcnemx BBilne THNOB pacriana TaKHE, CKO- OCTH KOTOPHX 3ABKICHT OT XIMHYECKOTO COCTOAHHA M CTENCHH OKHCTEHIA asioaxtupnoro aroma? Orset obocnyiire 6. Kakse mpouecess npouicxontr 8 arome epasy 2ke noce K-saxpaTa? 7. Conposoxsaiotes 1m mpoueces!, npowcxoaauine rlocne K-2axRara, He- nycranmem xaxix-nm60 act? 8, Hag K-saxnara cpapiiire nepnionsi nosypactaa, ecm panoaKTHBHEtit ATOM HAXONHTES B CTeNeNH OKHCeMIE O/H B MAKCHMALTSHO BOIMORHOH CTE Sanasa 6 Hs rasoo6pastioro yraesonopoaa A, oGecusesmsarouiero Gpomnyto Boay 1 vmeromero B TIMP 1" SIMP cnexrpax Tomko oH cHHrer, nomysiUNt seuecrso E coraacuo cxeme: Oni at ie THT, MOCH5)p tO eH f_Mesow 2)Cw0 Koansectso npoayxros I — HII sasitesrr or npnpoast M(OC3H:),60. 2XQVI Meacoynapoduan Mendereecnar onwunuada 2003 2. Pocus, 2 Mocina Koamecrsa, Mocs Ocnoanoers oe 1 0 im _ NaocH, cursos 0 ° a8 CHOC). peat 68 503 Mg(OC3H): penser a mi AWOCH,) erat 816 ° ° 1. Pacuntbpyiive coeauseuna A ~ E, cca TIMP cnexrp E uneer spanner, aba MynSTANLIeTa H TPHTUNET ¢ COOTHOICHNEM TesCHBHOCTeH 3:2:2:. 2.Tpeasoxue crpoense coemmmennit I~ IM, ecan E, 1, Hw TL nweior onmaxonta saenexrati cocran (o, %); cooruouenne MonexyAEpHE Mace E, 1, HL HIE pasno 1:2:3:2; TIT oGpasyerea Gwictpee, ew T; HK enextp salixcuposan o6pazonane Bonopoaux comeit aaa I w HIT. Tpmsesurre Ypawuens peaxwit 3. Tpumezurre wexanie o6pasonannis nemecre Uw IIL, yusruiman same ‘TaGauusi H croco6tocre Al k KoMMLIeKcOOSpa20BaHIIO. 4, Hannumre, eext 910 BoaMioxno, onmmeckue wonepes saa Ut sonirre nx 2 tepwiniax R,S-HoMenexatyp wa Bagasa7 FlesoxcupuSonyenennonte xutcxores (JJHK), HociTeam renernsecxoii ute opwarui, npencrannnor coGoK nomunepHie MONEKY.I, MOHOMEPHISE 3BC- riba KoTOpHIK — ocTaTAa HykeoTiOB. HykxeoTiass ALHK cocrosr #3 1pex Konmoueuos: asorucroro ocHosam, 2'-esoxcu-D-puboau 1 oprodpocbop- Holi KWeIOTH, COeAHHeHKKIX Tak, #10 @WOTHCTOe OeHORAHHE cBRIaH0 N- ranKonioi caxasi0 € I'-yrnepoxoM nexrTonss, a ¢oeibopnas xenoTa caoxuoxdupHiol caxasio ¢ S'-yreponom neurosit (UK HyMepauiH aTOwoD anomtcToro ocuonannixnenosayior Wbpst Gea «ierpixa>, & atoMOR NeHTOAK ~ tuxbpe1 co «urpixow). B AIHK nerpesatorea werupe asoTucrux ockona 1g, Ba v9 KOTOPUIX (ATEHHIL HTYAHHIK) OTHOEATER K NYPHHOBOMY PRAY. a va apyriox (rant wprosia) ~ x npansnoBoMy. [fax cass © ocTaTKOM Tewroxe 6 cay4ae MypHHOREIX OCHOBEHNH JaseViCTBOSAH AeaxTE ATOM, a 8 caysae nmpinciyaionitx ~ nepouili. Bopwy.nst aaoruerix ocHoBaWl, a TaK- “xe sesoxupuorn» mpoexui Dumepa npHBeneH HIKE oo au GL Gl mE Lmeopemescra mp. Yeronun sabe 61 Caeayouute upyr aa apyrom uywreotuast & JIHK coeannens bocbomx- ‘xXpHPHOH casio, TO ecre S/-rMAPOKCHLIBHAN FPYNINA NeHTOSM ORHOTO WYK leoTHaa MpHcoeanHesa x 3'-FAIPOXCHBHOM pyre NeHTOsM ApyrorO HYK- “HeOTHMAa Hepes «MocTHKy — ocTATOK ‘pocdopHOH KucOTSL, a HOAMAYKHEOTIL- baw nocnejOBATERSHOCTS 8 ueTOM MMeeT 5'= W 3"-KOHLU 1. Hsobpasire cxpyxryputie @opuyni pHGoasi 2'-ner0Keupuomes 9 smeaitveexol dopa 2. HaoGpasime cxpyxrypuyio Gopayay rpunepuioro dpparwewra JUNK 5-ATG- (A,T w G oGoanaator HykteorHitHe aBetts, 8 cocTaB KOTOPEX [KOMAT agen, THM H TYaHIM, cooTHeTETHENHO), OcTaTKH MeHTOaS PHBE sure » wikansecxo ops. Tipu quramonoreckirx yetoonsx JIHK cymectayer » nite dyatexca — wyxitenovesnoli crupanu, » koropoii axorucrite octionastia pacrionaraioren AUYrpH, a orpiutareasito apex rpynnss ocTarKoB oc*opHoit xueaoTsL optetruposanss Hapyay. enowin [HK wanpantensi ® nporimononoxKe cTopomu nw yaepamnaioTex # AytUleKce 2a CHET BoxOPOANX cBAael MexAy asomuerunt ochiosaknantl, Hecrexonaitia, nponegeniiie apragypos, noK3- saan, 410 w JIHK oGpasyiores Tomsxo aa Tina map ockoRoHnl, pikaste- sxaux pana uenane: AT GC. : 3. Ocslossisanct tia npasrine Yapraipa, muGepie M2 npuneneHtAIX Howe cooTHowienu Te, Koropite ARAAOTE npablABHBIN: DA+T=G+C; 2A+G=THG 3)A+C=G+T, 4) AT = GICs S)AIG=TIC. 4.B napax AWT G-C peammyetex maxcinaiio RO2OEHOe HNEO BO- oposmerx cexsei.Fipusesuere crpyitypusie fopnyau nap A~T w G-C, Bxo- ZRMWX B cOCTAB HYNAeKCa, 1" YRAACHTE MYLTIPHLINGH AMINA HOROPOAKE ‘Pennuxarjiot ~ 210 npouece yxeoenus wonexy /IHK npu tenn K1eTOX. Tipu perumxatoin xaxcaan ws ueneli ayrtekea exo3Hol (iH posuiTesbcKoi) THK cayxu marpuyell aa curreta osHolt wonoi (1m aoxepnel) uenosxH ‘corsacno npannny Yapragpa. B aurreparype oGeyxctaises 1a Mexaniraa penmAKaL 4) Koucepearuouuili ~ » peayaurare pertmuxauum 8 OnHOM syneKce OK2- auaroTes si pomuTesBeKHE, a 8 ApyroM ~ ABE JONEpHKE LLETONKH; 6) noayxonieepaarissiili ~ KRAAMI 1M ABYX ayMLIeKCOB coNepACT OK porreauekyio w oxy aosepiowo Uero¥KH. Omer Gut noay'en mpi ToMOWU pabHoBecKoro uewTpHdyruponasiA apenparos HK 9 rpanwerte Cx, ams wero nosonke pes no miotioeti AymeKest woxexya THK, coxepxauunx woromt “Na "N (ex pucyHoK na exexyiowel erpasnie)e AXKVIT Mesetynapoonan Mowderonenan omunuats 2003 2. Poccua. 2 Mockea THK © HK © !N 20 mposipat, B oxonepuenrte ryasrypy Garepit sispannaant 8 npueyreren s9TO- na "N, pesyaurare Hero Monexyau JIHK Gua oGorduena 'N. B onpeze- aenmst MOMENT apenenn Gaxepiit nepeHociian 1a cpey, coAepxALYO ‘omco moron !*N, # nocte passione Gaxrepi.aymiexem THK money ranm pastionecwony uenpadyruposamno. B pesynmrave Guin xoKasaitno.y- xoncepparuniit exams 5. Hs06pasite noocy(i), KoTopas(se) Guina(n) oGnapyaena() » mpO- Gupxe npn neeneosan axcrpaxra JIHK: 2) nepaoro oxen Gaxrepii 6) roporo noxonenmns Gaxepi. Bagasa 8 Ha pucysike mpuneewst KpHBBIe loTeHIMaABHOH sHepriNt sx ocHOBHOTO 1 poxGyxkstenHoro anexrpommsn cocromumii monexynst Nal 8 rasozoli hase Oano 13 nx weet KosautesTabit, a upyroe — MoHHBI Xapaxrep. a 1 e2 : 2 61 2 ° 4 revere TTT ET ee eee Te ris).A 1. Yeaxre, KakoMy cocTosnitio cooTseTerayeT Kaxtas KpHBaA 2. Kaxono pasiionectioe paccroanne Na-I? Lmeopemuvecrut mip. Vero xd 63 3. Hapneyiire sxeerponmsie opmya Jisionca a8 KoRANeHTHOTO H HOH Horo coctosilt Nal. OSoswaubte 3ne3205K0H SEKTPOHEI, NpHHAATEAALINE Na, a toxxamtt — anexrpoxts | 14. Paccunraiire anmy nonme cnera, KoTOpHili NOrTOMacTes MIpH repexose va octosHOo B noaGyxaleHHoe cocrosnine Nal (I 9B = 8000 cm"). Kaxoit per etor mapes Nal? 5. Kakaa miaiaabiian oxepria (9B) HeOGKoMHMA JA TOTO, HTOGB Mose yay Nal, Haxonsitytoes s HORTON COCTOmIT, PasMOATTS a HOH? Ormocutensiat ycroiiumsocrs KOBATeHTHOH H HOHKOH CTPYKTYp MOseKY- sus AB aanviewr ot aexrpootprmaresexocTi aromon A ut B. Tax naxsmpacwan ‘a6conomwan axexmpoompuyamereiocm> 30 anemestta X OMpesIeaKeTeH KA TnoayeyMMa 9HeprHH HOHHGAIUAH JM cponeTBa x oaeKTpOHY A aToMa X: BOK) = (+4) /2, ne [iA onpexteastores kak TenszoBbe aphex exesyiontitx peaxti: XoX'te-h XteoX +d. Thaw pacsera oneprit HoMIaIIEH MOKHO HenONBsOBATE TeopHIO Bopa, xoropolt nowyeHo BMIpAxeHHe JM OHEPTHM aHeKTPOHA, HaxOsauIeTOCR Ha ‘now ouepreT#sieckoM ypOBHe: re Zgg —sfpperrsHEt sapan apa 8 esmaX saps 3eKTpOHA 6. Bursnesurre axeprmso Homraiuii axowa Na 1 ocsioaHoro cocroat pt Zyg(Na) = 1.84, 7.13 pueyika onpenenitre atepritt xonaneHTHoro i HoHHOrO cocroRHt pi Goabuiik paccroaniaX H, Hetoabaya 9TH saHue, HalianTe cpoxeTBO K 2nekrpony aroma Hos. 8, Paccurafire a6comonuyio axexrpooTpHlaTeNbNocTh TOMA HOB, cet ero owepri Hostaupin pana 10.5 9B.64 XXXVI Mexsdynapodnan Menderconcran ormumuada 2003 2. Pocous, 2 Mockea 11 reopernueckuii Typ Anaurricieekas xis, Sanaya 1 B kunernueckax Merosax anaausa ucriompsytot (bak 3aBiicHMocTH 1a waabwoil ckopocTH peakUHM OT KOHUeHTpaliNH KaTamsaropa. Hanpuwep, ese(Il) onpereasior no peakitMit OKHCTENHA n-aurUApoKcHOeHsOa (FHAPO- xutiona) HQ nepoKciizom sosiopoa 8 BouoM pacrgope. Ha nepsoii cramim peaxuust (KoHCTaHTa ckopoctH peakntun &;) oOpasyeres noNrH HeoKpalten= ‘anti -Gew20xHMHion Q: HQ +H,0;—+ Q+2H,0 (westtenio) @ B npucyrerauu Hoon aeau(II) unter mecto (xonctanra cxopocrit f;) Cu + HQ +H,0) > Q+2H,0 + Cu @ Ha propoii craaun peaKuiit (KoHeTanTa ckopoctu f;) 1-GeHsoxitHort MrHoBeHo pearupyet © oN! Monexynoli nepoKcHua, OOparys posoatait ponykt P eyctatosentioro crpoenta: Q+H,0; > P 8) Camraitre, w10 nopasiox H MoweKyarpHoeT Naa Kako W3 craauli Cosma savor. wore cnemyioualt mpouece 1. Kaxylo wenntuny uenecooGpannee wamepars ¢ ueabio onpeseneHin wa- suix Koullentpatuili Mesut: a) exopocrs packola nepoKCiiTa nonOpORA HAH 6) cexopocte nosBaesits oxpauesHoro npoayxra P? 2. 3anmure abipaxenie {U4 cKopoctH oOpasosauns Ps npncyrersim ‘Meau()(sateriseckoe ypapHesine no uponykry P). 3. Bannuere euipexetite 28 cxopocrit pacxozosanx HO; 8 npueyrer- bunt Mequ(ll) (KounenTpaiwin mpoMexyrowNoro npozyKra ne AomaHa dury- Dupowars 8 wurparccstsx), 4.B pactnope I, conepxamen 1.0 ur/sex Mem, uaNauisHaa ckopocT: peak ‘uit coerasia 22 yea. exnumiats, & 8 pactRope 2, conepxauen 4.0 rr Me- su, — 56 yen. ean, Paccunraiire xounentpasino Meas 8 aHaIHBITpyeNON pacraope 3, ecnm waMepentiaK eKopocT® PeakiIIM B HEM cocTasHa 40 yea, enum. Bagaua2 B 2003 r. ienommaock 100 ner orkporrus xpomarorpabun. Xpomatorpa- us — 970 Guranko-xuMHYecKnit MeTox paszenenus seutecTs, ocHORArt 1a WX pacrpenenennH Mexay AAyNR GazaMl — HeTONBIOKKOH H TOABHEAHO!L Tazonaa xpomarorpadus (TX) ~ opypextanunsit Meron pasaeseuus m onpene- enna neTysuX coeiMeni, TlonBirRHOM dyasoll cayacr Hnepriunti ras (Ns, Hmeopenose jamyp. Yeront rado0 7 6s He, Ha), mporexaronunié sepes Kenonmixnyio aay, o6naaaouyio Gonuioit ToBepxHOcTB¥0, OcHoBHad XaPaKTepHCTHKa COENEN — PEMA Yep tum (fq). Ha npaxrixe Haute Henomaytor ‘baxtop yaepauparmix (F), He saaKt- aunt or paswtepos xpomarorpagpieckoil KOROHKH Ht paBH (Eg f0) / fo HA fy ~ BpeMA YREPAUBAKK HeyepAUBACMOTO KOMMONe:tTa. BaxvO; xapakre- PUCTUKOH xpomatorpapitiecKoR KOOHKH ABNAETEA ee o~ipexTUBHIOCTS (NV), WaNepwemas B TeopeTHvecknx Tapeacax (TT), a TAKE BbICOTa, OKBABAIEHT- nag TT (BOTT) ~ H, pasiaa oTHOnieHAO MME KOTONKH x ce >¢yeKTHBHO- TH, eM BRINE oHeKTHBHOCTS KONONKH, TEM BHIME ce parAIAHOIAR crO- cobnocTs, SasnMocrs BOTT or cxopocta noxsinxnoft asm omicétRacTeR ypansenmew Ban-Jleemrepa: H Monet ui rae A, BI w CY — wrens, yaursiwaiontte Tp aesapuciuttx npotiecca par otsaKina xpomarorpaduyeckix muon, V — suGeHHaR cKopOCTE HOABIDKHOH a. Za xavectaeroit nacuTupuKaumn coeannenuti 8 TX vacto uenomsyior aaexeet yneprusansia Konaua I (em, Ta6miny), KOTOPHIe, 0 eyuleeTBy, TaK- ‘xe ARAAIOTCA OTHOCHTEABHBIMM MapaMeTpaNH yaepauBanus. B 9TOM cilysae 3a crantaprer Gepyr ana coceaHIn ankaHa, OHH Hf KOTOPHX YAePAHRACTCA ‘cmaGee, a BTopoli — citmsHee uceteayeMoro coemMHeNHA x, Te. Mz) auet yayumnl ras XY; Tpn aeicronn pacreopa YZ im XY, o6panyeten wueaora. Tipu acherann 97 | Naz'na X¥y oGpasyeren Gunapnoe seueervo Al, ‘aL. 2 tpmmenatee i o6tinpiony tagceycoeanmenn 2) Bhauwonpeapauetia wexay wexoropsnm seu sav oro eaacea nora Ha exeue. Benlecr- As ™ Al, A2, Ad i AS Boctaamensiores Bo BIaKHOM +h we L oct Taiire xuvmecknte Haapanis 3THM coemHHeHtAN. 2. HapectHo, sro B pactBope TpexocHoBHoii aMMoHHOM KuCTOTH! ‘CaHiC(OH)(COOH)s sum HX: outctrpawitx uriapowrpar-noxos HaX- waxenwasiia npn pH = 3.95; xonttentpauia ruapounrpat-novios HX" Maxaewaneua npu pH = 5.57; oWteHpauitt aMrHApOWHTpat- H riUIpoUsETpaT-HOHOB pass! np pH = 4.76, Onpeseaure 13 9THx aannisX KOHCTAHTM KHCTOTHOCTH mUMOHHOH KuETOTH Ka Kay Ke 3, He npouspona pacieros, yEwkuTe, IpH KaKoil semuuane pH 8 pacraope Gnextapena: ‘a) MpHeyteTBylOT MpaXTHIeCKHE TOABKO HeAHCCOUNMPOBAKLLE MOMEKY:Ibt ausounoil Knes1oTst HsX; NAME TpencTaBneHis HieKoTO- pie csojicrsa nemtecta Al — AS, Bemecrno ion oo | Komremesrane X al ra 783 ? a ma 812 4 a souoers 831 _ A aasx0ers 8527 1 af _rnepave 335 wo 1. Onpexeanre seutectsa Al ~ AS u semen X, Yu Z. 2. Haninmsre ypaswenns peaxiuiil, 0 KOTOpEIX HET pews B uaaNe. 3. Hovey pacraop YZ we xpauat n ctektsnHofi nocysie? 4. Hapucyiive expyxtypy seulecraa AL. 568 JAX Mercoynapodnan Mewdeveeenas onuumuada 203 2. Pocown e, Moca 5. Tlpw aelicrsim wa6urKa NaZ ua XY; oGpayyetea comb. MsoGpasirre nnpoctpauictnentioe crpoeie akiona atoll comm. [Ipeatoaurre (popaysist YX "uacTH ¢ TaKHM Ke MpOCTPAHCTHEHHBIM ¥ 3s1eKTPOHEBIM CIPOEHHEM. Bagaya 2 Cece XCl, (m= 12.41 1) YCI (sersapexxparsni wsGecrox, m = 12.521) Homectiin 8 saxpbirYi0 © OmHON CTOpOHE! TpYOKY, ApyFOl xoxten KOTOpO coestniuni co exaanKolt ¢ panGannenHoll H.SO., # Harpesaaa pa 145°C B ‘evenmte meert vacoe, XAOpriu npopearuposaiit B OKBHMOMAPHAK KOMI cexpax, 1 notentiocs 5.24 2 (i.y.) HCL Ms oGpasosasielies ewecn npn 50°C nerponeiinne apupos axcxparnposaan nemtectaa Bw C, a vs ocrarka nstze- sit acio D (M = 1577-2389 ristoas), mpi KAnBYeKI KOTOPOTO OGpAs0~ aren raysyronozoGunili vomwep Ex octatoes 0.21 r semectaa XCly He scrymsuiero peaxitio, Tlocae venapenus aupa neutecraa B wt C paszextt sau neperorikoit npi 140°C u aanexu p, Ta, Sewenrustt coctas B, C 1 E coxmsaen oguuiakos, @ HBMeNeH TeMeparyp KPHCTELUNSAMIM PaCTEOPOS 8 nerponeiinost xpupe (nips aXB) = «(C)) orsoesrea xaK Atc:Atg= 0.7551 Hexoropsie aainsie 0 crpoesin nemtecro npusenent s TaGxuue: es] Fo sao ca [ame] ewes FT TO eT oc] i |i are apie me zi a € | a apa xe ais 1. Bumonmre pacsevit 1 pacundpyitre nemecra, Har eax 2, HooGpasure erpykrypuure dopmyzu sewiects B, C, E, XCl(ras) # paren expyerypit XCI, (raepasit) 3. Ykaaorre crentenb nomimepinantin B wacae D. 44 3aromrre nyerue (uezaxpaunennase) avelinn » raGanue 5. Tipexioaarre npoeToiicnoco6 (pica OxOHNER peak 6. Onenure irraromivo knew peuecraa BH AansediHe 1pH BaKyyNHOH neperone. rre ypanneniin Bagasa 3 Onuust 3 CTPYKTYPHUX THNOB CHOKHEIX OKCINOB ABAKeTeH MINHNEND, Viowis xueaopoaa o6paxyiot nacrHoynaKosaunyio KyGuecKyio peuleTkKy ¢ ‘BoceMbio TETPASAPHYECKHMM WH -METMPKMA OKTAPAPHECKHIMH MYCTOTANH, pHXOAAMUMHIEA Ha oxy hopMyabHyIO emmHHUy XY;0,. B TaK HasziBaeMoit cciopwan.uoloy MNMHeNK AByxsapsaHise Host X°" sanUMaior ONY BocbMYO msopemvscri myp, Veroous sade 69 ‘wacrs verpagapneckux nycTor, a tpexsapaniie Howbt Y* — nonosmy oxta- oupirieekax nycror, B mimimenax c «oSpautensoi crpyxrypolt Howet Xn saroniia nowon Y'" wetatorex mecran, r¢. oust X" 1c nososnta nOHOS Y"" sauusaiot oxtaompuveciste mycrorss, a apyrax nlozoiia woHlos Y" ‘erpaoapieciae nycrors. nunesm Henoss3yi0TeH 8 KavecTHe KepaMie- ‘cron xpacireseli («Tenaposa cutis» — CoALO,) 0 marvirrniix marepHaaon 1, Pacewmraitre seno dopMyabHKx enMNN, MpHXoAAMUNXCE Ha ANY sueweHTapuylo avelixy MIAN TA, 2. Ha nuarpandwax cneayioux TpExKOMMOHEHTHBIX CHCTeM: Zn0-CoO-Al,0;, MgO-CoO-Al,03 MgO-Cr0s-Al:03 yxaoxure o6naci, coorsererayiouse umunensiains dasa van PAV AVN AVAVAN AES NZ “aN Tipuseaure oGuwe opmysis1 umutiensimax aa a ykasaNMbIx encTeMaX. Yeaarre Gopmyms, ormeyatoumte HX MpaHHHKIM cocraRaM (qVarpaMMbt ctpostes w wom %, nepiuiiist Tpeyrombitukon coorrercrsyior 100 mom % ‘yxananniol $26. 3. Yxaaurre, HOpMaIbHBIMH HI OGpamteHHBINiK snastorca HalinenHBe Bani uimenencasze fats. 4. Oxpacka mmuseneli (u He Tombxo uirmtenei) onpenensetes d-d aneK- "poutine mepexonaMi HOHOS, BXoNAMNOX B cocraB coeatenHa. HanpuMep, oxpacka muHepaia pyGuia (rBepmilt pactBop 10 5% Mont Crs0; 8 AlOs, coctas Koroporo MoxHO sanHcaTs KaK (Al; ,Cr,);03, re x $0.05 ) onpexens- erex ded aeKrponntsiit nepexonaMt Holla xpoma (wutiepan ALO; ~ 21fiKo- canibup ~ Gecusernssi). Haiiaure ua npusexenHol abe auarpamne oSxacTe0 AXXVI Merciynapodnan Mendeseencxas onwemuada 2003 2, Pccus, 2. Moorea coctasos, coorsetcTayromyto py6uHy. CKOMbKO HECNapeHLbIX 3€KTPOHOB COuePKHT HOH xpoNa, onpeeamouuT oxpacxy py6uia? 5, Ha sepumue Kopoun paGorat Tloase, 8 KoTopoK Kopowosatack Exate- puna Il, Haxomitcs KpynHBIM KPACHBIM KAMEHS, MIMTeNMBHOe BpeMR CHHTAB- inition py6utiom. Bostee mosanie HecreOBaHUa 1OKAsa, 4TO KAMEHb XB.1%- eres Gnaropoanolt unusensio, Orwerste Ha aHarpamne O6:1aCTb, COOTBETCT- Bylouryto cocrasy 3Toro KaMA (6. Onpereste "tes1o Hecnapenix anexrpoxos Howa xoGansra. Onpeze~ ‘ure KoOPANHaLMOHHBI TomiDAP WoHa KOGansTa B UMMHeTH cocrana CoALO, (retpaoap ws oxtasnp). 7. Taepawie pacteopst CoO B ZnO (¢ rexcarowansuolt crpy«rypoit Tima ZnS ~ sropwyrta) 10 7 % Momb uaewor aenenyio oxpacky (PHHMaKOBA 3EN1eHS). Kaxyto oxpacky umetor Taepaste pacrsopsi CoO B MgO c xybureckoii pe- merwoit Tuma NaCl? Orwersre 9TH cocrantx ia coorseTeTsy!oulix sarpam- Max, 8 Tipeanomure cocTapht Kepanueckux xpacureseil Georo, cHtero xpachoro usera: 1) COCTaReMIe TONBKO 13 CoemMHEHKH co crpyErypoll uiMITHE NH; 6) 13 coeanterit, oGnanarouex m1060% crpyxTyporl Henomesylire Tomo cocmiHeHii® i mpHBeNeMME Bune TPoMHBX sua- pan. Opranusiecewsas xis Sagaya 1 B nocaeaee npens semecrss, cosepxauime GeHonbMTe H Mppomtuaie coi, RaXOART nce GonTBOe MpHMeHENHE B MeaHMIHHE 1 NpOMBILUIEHHO cru (Genionbopwauseruamise eMOm, xamuxcapenst « dratounanmes) To Crpoentio OM GEEIIKH X NPHPOAHBIM COCHHERTNK, TEFKO OXHCAROTER HA onayxe, MH 9TOM m Yéb-cexrpe HaGmionaeTea CMeUIEHLE MAKCHMYMA nO ‘stoulenia B uoDomLoByIo O6nACrS (GaTOxpOMHBIH CABHT) Oauo ws taxi coeaieunil (A) 6kz10 nomyteno peaxuMei muppona ¢ aucroHoM, xaTannupyenoit TpudropyxcycHoll xues0TO!, pw KoMMATHOl ‘Tenmeparype B TeveHle ABYX HacoB c AbIxOOM 50-60%. B peaxstan oGpasy- rorea eute sa noGONHGIX nposyeTa: 9% Bw 25% C. Ho aww TIMP A, Bit C umesor 3, 7 (apa oGpaGorxe oGpasua D,O ocraerea 5 craton) u 5 Timon ccuruanos w enexrpe. Yiewx aannrrepeconam peaxun B ¢ ausaernaasn. C GevaansjermoM 8 pHcyTeTRNH pasmauAAX KHeOT JTsowea peaKuA He jer. Onnaxo ¢ nexTacpropGensambaerisiom peaxivts w1er, H noeHe nelicTaNA oxuenitens (vanpauep, nocae mponyexaniia O;) MoxHO BHIAeAITS c 10% ‘Int BSIKonOM seaxpoIBUINECKOE CoemMNEHNE D. Ecam ero pacrBopirrs jauxaopaerane, mpowiTs 1 M pactnopost constolt KHCnOTHH MENIENKO ya- Pura, To ssmanaioT xpucrasn! coemHenK B, conepwaurero 3.73% xa0pa 8.83% ora Mmeopemurecrai myp Yeronss 200% n 1. Hao6pazurre cxpyrrypst coewmmenuit A, B, Cu D. Tovey perxon co- ceautuenua A navoro Gonsie nurxoza B? 2, Hanuute ypasnienna peakunt o6pexonais coeautiennia E, [Ipeaio- -xurre MexanieaM OOpazonanus neutecTsa C. Banaua 2 Peaxrusss Ppunsapa (9 o6iem siixe RMgX, rae R — oprasuveckutt 32- ecriem, aX ~ ratore#) — Marsulloprasniecke Coesumeins, 28 TKpBITLe xotopsx # 1912 roay B. Tpwtsap Gur yaoctoest Hobexeackolt npeMin 10 san. O6pasosarte 3TH CoesutHentll ipoTeKaeT B COOTBETCTBI € ypaRie- Hew R-X+Mg PEM, RMX Snecs R— pasnwanie apHIbHe, ATKIMTONKLE IH RKEHABHBIE pastukast. 1.B kavax Hs mepesticnennismx pacrnopureaeli Moxkio nponojUIT® pear no nonyseHws peakrasa Tpumsspa: a) CHCl, 6) austuosstt up, 8) Bona, 1) auton. 2, Joa kaxinx raiorenos X m npHnusme BosMoxHO HonyueHNe peaxTHBOR Tpunspa no abiuenpuseseHHioMy ypaniexito: ayF, 6)Cl, ®) Br, ni? 3. Peaxtassr [panbspa nctynaior a unpouailamnik crekrp peaxuuti, xtto- ‘me us KOTOHIX UMeIOT tipenapaTHBHoe sHasewue. Ha enenyioutelt erpannne IMpisereHs! HeoKOWYeHHMe ypaRHeHHs peakuudi c ux yuactuem. HanmareTe cpyxtypssie opwyani saumposanniix opraiseckiix mpoayxroe Kaxnoll peaxuuun, Ysrire, #0: —cocannenus A, B, C,D u E sassiores usomepanst; —coemnnenns F it G xanaioves 1omepast; ~ coeaumenns Iu J spamiores woomepandt; —coemummennts Kw L conepacar no 10 aromos yraeposia; ~ Monexyaspras opmyna coeamneniis M—CsH 403; = apomatirieckoe coemmnenne N conepanT MeTHUTBHYIO rpyny H HMeeT Moaexyaspuyto dopayay CoHyN.n XXXVI Mexciynopornan Menderoencka onwwruaia 2003 2. Poceus. 2 Moorea © Ager + 7 ee ger ain 01F Le MMgBEC), - 8 anor © On, mee es g 2HOW LOM Deg 0 spe 4 Nene Son Wie pane” Bae oe Fog 1.003 6.20 —=—mgar 4 ea aor a Mobs Sem on, HONEA to Sagaya 3 Ha npraeennoll wine exeme nprisesienst crlocoGss 1osy¥eHa H HeKOTO- pute peakunn coemuterutit A, Bu C, umpoxo nenomssyeMBix B oprazyeckOM ‘cintrese, B waeTHOCTH, B XHNIN nemETHOB: vt Che, by : Gen CHOW CH,OH | pactnopurean Sc | > 130% ee 4.0 pre Aci K+CH,OH+HCI KG Tlo peayasraram suementHoro axaausa B conepxutr 12.12% yraepoaa 1 16.16% xucaoposa m0 Mace; coeamHenu A, K i I mpw OOBMHEIX YesOBHAX ~ rasa. Coeamnennte C nosysaerea pu npontyekanvur xnopa B acuaKocTs E npi 20-60°C npucyreTeun HHMUMATOpOR cBOCOAHOpamUKaTSHBIX mpoLIEccOR, Bauto yeranoasiewo, so mpu neperouxe C saeTHo pasiaraeTex c oGpaxo8a- new B, Coesusiesme B ycrorivnso npH OOMHEX YerOBHAX, Ho B NpHeyTCT- ‘BMH KucsIOT JTbtontca paxtaraeTes ¢ OGpasosaniiem emecH coeanHeniti K (oT HociTeasHag mioTHOCTS napos Ho BosAyxy pasta 1.517) u G. Tipu narpesa- 4 Ak LL wae ao c 7 ova) Ta 9 eG sent Umeopemusecrai myp. Yeroeus aa B ‘unn pummze 300°C B nomuoctsio pacnasiaeres B rasosoft pase ¢ oGpaionanten A 1. Hammure ctpyerypunte bopmyais coemunenuit A—K 1 npuneare 1x hhaspani (101A kaxAOTO 10 coemmHeHNi A, BM C mpupenitre no Tpit HasBa- ms). 2. Metouon 'H SIMP Gauto yoranonteHo, ro npHt nomysennm Beutecr#a C OOpasylotes BoceMt NpoMexxyTOHNEX coemHeNH. HanHUnHTe HX CTpyKTYp- ute opens 3. Hannunre ypasnenus nociesosarembinx peaxtit coemmnennit A, BH Cc mbsrrsom oprannieckoit kucnoTa 1 ¢ HNGHITKOM BTOpiCHOrO aMuita, & ‘TaKE € TepBHUHBIM aNsHKON HN-MeTHLIpopMaMi0M. Hayxu 0 ammo u noaumepts Sanaua 1 Beumecrso F ~ y-aaxtou 2,3-aeruipo-L-ryaonosoit xuenorst (L-ackop- Gumosas Kucaora, Bittamn C) — BCeM XopoIO HaBECTHO, IO BeMIeCTBO - paer saxutyio Gxosoruueckyio ponb. Heaocrarox ero 8 opramstsMe npusomiT cepsesHBIN saG0TeRAHHAM, B YACTHOCTH K NHHTe. B mpowBIUUIeHHOCTH j1aH- Hoe coeaiHene HenoaBayeTes KaK aITHOKcHAaHT. B y4eGuHKax XHwHH OMBI- cau npommunLtesmuti cuirrea aurrasuna C, Muorne pacreiis u axiBoTite (HO ve Hesionex!) cocoOwst curresmposans semtecTao F, osHaKo octenORaTe:E- HOcTe peakuhii B xuBoll mpupoge otaiaeTeR OT NYTH, HeNOABIyeMOrO B pomenusennocr#, Hioke mpuvenewa cxena cuntesa F 8 pacrirenbHAX WBOTHBX KyeTKAX (B KaNecTHe MeXOAHOTO cOemMHEMU BIYGepeM c-D- rroxox0-I-ocpar): HOH utp f 40 yp A cow. PY HOH Ho am To emer Le 4 soocravoaneae ‘Soper ho’ ‘oH oenowe Buran C (F) 1, Pacumippyitre exemy npespamenuit 1 mpuseauTe crpyxtypr pemecTs AE. Yuture, sro cocasuenua Du E otHocates « L-paay, a 8 coctas BD4 XXXVI Meacoynapoduan Mendereescnan amunnuada 2003 2, Poccun, 2 Moca xowuer xapCoxcwar-axox. UDP, UTP w PP, — ypuans-audociar, ypu spuochar x neopransriecait muposoctar cootserctseno. Hpx pemenian ana Gopayay ypu npHnome, weoBmaTEABKO (IIR OGoMateAA ypranua nenonsayiire «U») 2. Yeurrsisag, 10 F nposmaxer anruoxcunanmuue exoiicrea, mpunenue Gopnyay coeaunenus G, 8 xoropoe npespamaerea F 3 pesy.msrare oxcm- ‘Temuo-BoccranosiTensioi peak 3. Cxosxo ctepeomowepos cyuiectayer 11x vemectsa F (c yueron c2- oro nemtecTea F 4. Tpuseavere Gopayast scex crepeorsomepos semecraa F 9 npoexuti Pine. Tipu o6pa6orxe D-apaSimossr cnminsnoft xHenorofi 06+ pasyercr eMect coeamennii H 1 1, nocaezyioumit xucnor- #0 ‘i rmaposs KoTOpHX MpHBOAHT X cMecK coemHKEMMT KH y | oy oo Umeopemuvecsi mp. Yeroeun sade 75 1.Tpuserennas raGamua conepaitt crpyktypHiie opMysis HONAMEpOR TNpOMBIULTeHHOTO sHaNeH, HX HASBAMNA M CrPYKTYPHA (popMyss Hx MO- Homepon. 3anonHitTe B TaGmHe NporymtenHBte CrpykTypHIse SopMy-TL He- XOMHEX BEUIECTS H OMAMEpOR, HX HaSBaHNA, H ONpeseMMTe, KaxOil 1 TpO- lueccos ~ MlosMepH3aMlNA HAM MOMAKONEHCAMIH — COOTBETCTAYET PeaKLNN nony¥enus zamHoro nosHNepa. exonmeseusema | __ Honwep TERRES [row ' clack, 2 CFF, osneace Meromerenano, pu nccuatancens seamen nt] aur arin tocol see sopere cuca ¢—[—om Detaonn aD smu core Sipe ops ccna 3 «spec a ee ta Tonnes copomonjon seer F snare sport Das canon pone ~ pomsont spot ae acu {Bayer Onaep pace op ex rpeonnune ee cra np tans nemogeae Bn 7. exons 1s anania opmyst Tex ctepeomsontepos settcersa F, Koropste se nna ort Dpetnares pvene > pea a bopmyary D-Kennoaes oon Banasa 2 Tlommeps noaywaor nyreM noamepysaunlt 4 mosmKoNAeHcant. ITo- susepusaya ~ npouece, Np KOTOPOM pOcT KaxKHO MaKpoMoneKy.ts IpOHC- XOUMT 8 pesysIbTaTe MOCeOBATENBHOTO MpHCOEAKHEKHA MONIEKY HHSKOMO- stekyaxpHoro BeulecTsa (oHOMepa) K AKTHBHOMY LeHTpY, noKamitaopaHIHOMy 1a ee Kone. [Ip nomuxondeucayuu poct MaKpOMONEKY!IIPOHCXOAMT MYTEM ‘Baauwouelicrsiz HexOIHLIX MoneKya pyr ¢ APyFOM, € peaKimtonNocnOcos- MuiMot TpynNaMi r-MePOB, a TaKKE N-Mepos MexkAy cOOoH, CxeMaTHHeCKH ipouece nommxonentcaun staraaqur caesyiouln o6pas0M: M-X+YMOM-Z-M+ A, M-Z-M, = Mis rae M,, M, # My ~ i,j m (i+/)-éepst coormereraenuo; X,Y u Z— ux yn nonansuise rpyninst, A ~ HIKOMONIeKYAspHEIt MpOAykT, BbAeATOMUMlICR & peaKuur nomuKonesicainmn. OznaKo cyutecTByioT TpHMepst TAKHX peaKuNil, Koropbie HAYT Ges BbIEHUK HuLSKOMO:IEKY.IKPHOTO MPOAYKTA. 4 Tonwermnsen BN CH Ny HO00— (CH —COOH HO—a—0H u noreweie 2. Eeam uputists, w7o peakunonmas criocoGuocts pyxxuvonabmanx rpynn He 3aBHeHT OF JUIHHBL MO:IEKYRApHOM LeNH, KoTOpOH OHM npHLHa:LIENAT, TO Toit xmmueckoit peakunht MONO NPUNMcaTE KOHCTAHTY PasHOBECHA, BBP -xeHHe JUIA KOTOpO!t sxmOYAET KOHLICHTpALMK yrmusoMambHBIX rpynit X, Y WZ, a TaxoKe KonuenTpauino A. TIpuseaure oGuryio Gbopuyay Koncrawres pastiosecis K. 3. Onpenenure crenienb nOAHMEpHsALUTH P, KAK HIHC.IO MCXOAHBIX MONEKYIL MoHOMepa, eTeRHOe Ha WHCTO OGpasonanuEXcs uentefi. ButwemtTe sapuicH- Moet» P, oF cTeneMu npespamenns.g yHKUHOHATBNENX py JIA mMHeHHOH nomuxouzencaumn (xaxnuit MouOMEP HMeET ABE H TOALKO ABE DYHKIWO-6 AXUVI Mescdynapotnan Mewdercencxan onnmuada 2003 2. Paceus, 2. Moorea amoe rpynns), mpemosaras, ‘ro npoutece mporexaet neo6parmMo i e(X) 2 04¥) = 121 4.2) Yewy pasua P, mpi g mm? ©) Tlovemy pearsHocr oto sHaxeHe ormHaeTea oT NomysenHoro Ba- aa? 8) CxeaTiecxi woOpasiTe erpyerypHyio Gopmyay mpoxykra «Ton noi» (g= 1) nosnxowencana. 5. Buweguere sapucunocrs P, oF cteneHH npespamemus g six oGutero cays: c(X) :¢((¥) = (F> 1). Yemy 6yner pantia P,npu q = | m 910M cxy- 6. Ha npagtuxe peaxuun rosuKoxedcauuun upoTexaior oBparHmo. Tipit Tom nomocTsio yaanite mnKoMonexyaspHBtit npoyT A OOBIHO He Yna~ res, i cTenew npespauienns g oxaseipacrcs suasuTenBio menue 1. Tipit THomMKOWIeHeANDIH MeATAMETHNENANKOIA H AAKMANODOH KueAOTEL K = 6.0 Hensuure ypasscnne sto peaxu Ha ocHowanHH staBenennot! Basu bopy- Bagaya 3 Xunorpunci npunansemur x Kxaccy eepuosisx mpoTeas ~ depenTos, Karameupyiouuix riapos eTTMEIX easel B Gekax. Hassanne «cepH- opie» eBsaaHo ¢ TeM, WTO WMEHHO OCTATOK G-axiHoxHeroTs cepa (Ser) AxTHBHOTO ewTpa TAKHX mpoTess araxyer aroN KapGouNLTEHOrO YrEpOMA B ceySetpare. 1. Jlopricyitre expyxrypuyto cbopmyny _ceputia (Gpyrro- COOH hopuyna CHsOsN) © yxasanntens a6comoruoit xompurypantn Y a-yrreponkoro aroma. YkwaHTe Ta KONDUTYpAMIHOHHOTO 110- sepa (R- 10H S-). XHMOTPHTICHH TaKKE KATAIMGpYeT rHAPOAH HUSKOMOTeKYAApHX cyS- exparos, Takux Kak orAn0aKii amp N-auevier-L-ryposnna (AT39) ome ‘nemnerpoantans N-antera-L-ruposinta (ATHA), 2, Bane ypasueuie peakunu riuapomHsa ATID. Yarure, 40 Gpyrro- hopsysa tupoania (Tyr) CsH,O3N. 3. 3ammmrre ypanierne pean raimpomusa ATHA. Karam xitMOTpHMCHHOM omBIcKIRaeTCR KINTETHECKOH cxeMoiE: > FA 2+ Esp, Lp rae E — bepwesr, S ~ eyGerpar, ES — dbepaestt-cySerparaatkowmunexc, EA ~ aummponanmsit Gepweur (npomexyrosnoe KopaneuTHbe coesmuenne), P2 — npoaykr peaxuu — xuexora, P, ~ ptopoll npoaykr peau ruqpomna, ky A ~ wonctanrat exopocth OGpaxonaiis 1 pactasta depwtewr-cyGerparoro H meopemuuecit yp. Yeromus 200% n oumuiexca, ky ~ Kouctanra exopocrn awwimuponaniix depwenra, fy — KOH craurra exopocru neanermponastix axwinepyczra, Bulparxeuie 2 CKopOeTH PeAKUM, KATAMIHPYENOH xMMOTpHNCHHOM, meer enexyoutuli an (CramtosapHocTs no MpoMexyrouHuMt mpoaykTaN (S]= [SH [Eb<< (8): onl Ely Sh Ky tly” ie Fy ~ TAK naunaena KaTaauTitIecKaK KoWcTaHTa, Ky ~ KowcTaRTa Mite xaganca, [E]q it [S]q — avaxrbuBe KonerTpawi depsreura x cyBerpara co- oraerermetio, B oGmeM xy4ae ky 38B1C1T H OT fH OF hy. B NOCTHBIX CH= ‘waax, KOFA aMReHIN KOHCTANT eKOPOCTeH MILUNBHLAYaAIANBLX crank pax ‘aloTex suavurrenDio, ToaopsT 0 cyiecTRORaHOY stAHETHpyrontelt cTaZ, xoropas onpenesser exopocts aceli bepacettraruBHol peaKiil, MH 9TOM Kay paxnieckst passa KoxcTaHTe exopocrs svurapyromelt craw. Tak, U8 Fupomna ATHA mmmpytoutei craauelk ianaetex anuuamposaie dbepMenra, 28 ruapomina AT99 —eauemuposanie aHndepwerta, 4. Kax coomioosres fo iy @ caysae reapomiaa ATHA? 5. Kak coornocates kata M hyatoo a peaxunli raapomsa ATHA w 'AT39 m poston pacraope? 6. Buspazire Ker Yepet fy ky JUIN eHyIAR, Kora aHBEHNK fy H hy COM epi Boenene ® cpeay onomnreassoro KyKIcopa, KaNpHIMEP HonpOT- ona, exinuunaeTeA Ha nporexariun depwenTarimHoti peax. 7. 3ammunrTe KuMeTIHecKyI0 CXeMY JK peakUNH rHapORIEa, KaraAAI PyeMoll xuMorpincisoM, # npHcyrerRH HeGombIOro KOMMeCT#a HonpO- ako (w30nporaHon O6osnaTHMTb Kak Nu — myKaeodit). 8. Kavectsento onmuute sanucHMoctb oGuleli ckopocrH pacxosa cy6- erpara » KaTapyeuiax XiMOrpHIeHHOM peaKiNAX (Npit YeaORMX cra: woHapHoctH no npomexyrouim nporyxrant, [S] = [S], # [Elo << [S]j). or wouuetrpauite usomponiaions # peaxuontHoti epee (peaxunontax epena ~ ‘eqeci Bo2a-sBonporasion paununtioro cocraba) 8 MpeaWONOEHIM, HO KOH- craurra Murxanaiica or Kovtetrpaute w2onportanosta He 3aBHCr PionsecKas umm Bagasa 1 Aas onmeanusa r-snextpouisx cocromuntt MoxeKyaKl Geto MoxHO Ho NHom30BaT Moses CBOOOAHLIX ITeKTPOHOS, ABIOKYUYEXCH 1 OKPYABOCTH paauyca r. B stot mosesM ypossit 3HeprMit 311eKTPOHIOB ONMCKIBAIOTCA BUIPA- OHM: ae8 AXXVIL Mecoymapodnar Mendensetcxan onuumuada 2003 2. Pascua, 2. Maca rae h= 1.05-10 jlae — noctosintas Tiana, m, = 9.11-10" xr — wacea anexrposa, n— xeatrronoe sucs0 (n= 0, 1, 2 .). JiR kaxKOTO n, KpOME n= 0, CcyMleCTBYIOT J1Ba ypOBHA ¢ OmjAHaKOBOH! 9Heprutel; yposent ¢ n= 0 HeBLIpOA- en. 1. Cxompxo -onexTpoHios uvcer MoneKyta CoH? 2. MsoGpasure pactpenenenve 1-anekTpoHOs 110 9NeprerHNecKIIM ypoR- aM B MoneKyse Geiona (ncnomssyfire Te me PHIM, WTO H MH 3artos- eatin aTommnx opGwTazeil). Kakoe sHaveHe KnaHTOROTO sca m uMcer ‘BRICUIMH santonmeHHGA yponer B ocHOBIOM anexrpoRTOM cocTostHt CH? ‘Cxoasxo HecrapenHsix sneKrpoHos omKKa METS MoneKyiia CeHls B COoT- ereTBu ¢ 3T0i wozemsi0? 3, Paccanraiite paanye apweceniix x-21ekrpoHos » monexyae CH, eos sBecTHO, #70 paswitia B OHEprHM| MEKAY BHICUIM 3ANONHEHEBIM YpOBKEM ‘gunna cRoGomHEN ypostem cocrannser 600 xJbx/Mons. Onpexemre suuKHy ccarsn C-C, ecan mpeamonoavs, 10 G-cKeneT Gemona BIUCAH B OKPYA- HocTs, no xoopol aHExTTes 1eKTpOHK. 4. [I4JARuysen — umkmeckoe coemmHcHMe © conpmxeHmo% cucteMoit ccasseli, Koropoe nmeeT ma0cKyI0 cTpykTypy. OnpereaNre moneKyaapHyio opmyny sToro coeAHENHA 1 SHENO T-2NeKTPOHOB B CO- TpHKEHHOH cHCTEME CBRE, MOKHO aM cxMTaT® 970 Cocz- ewe —apowarieckia? K — x-aexrponwoll cneteme [14Jannycena Moxno mpHMesis MonenD ADreMR 10 OK- PYAHOCTH, eC cSATaTS, TO JUHA OKPYARHOCTH pasta eymme smi casei C-C. Henomays summy cass C-C pacesiTanHylo B 1.3, onpexemmre paskuuy 8 oHeprun (8 [sawyer ZbwMons) MexAY BRICHINNE 2aNOTHEHHKM H HHBLILIM CBO- Gomis ypostinnn [14lanysena, Bagaua 2 Hexoropsie KonTaxTunie HOHHBIE Naps, MAOYCTOMNMBKIE B BOHBIX pac TBOpaX, MOTYT craGiueMpOBATECR B OPTaHYecKX PACTBOPHTeIAX H Xapak- ‘Tepusouanicx KOHCTAHTO! OGpazonanus K: X" + ¥" = X', Y". B Kone 40-x FoxoB npouioro sexa Bacono, a 8 aane 60-x Toy6 onyGnuKoRam 1K paGoT no wsyveHmo KUMeTHKH —ssauMonelicrauix —_auxnopo-Gxtc~ (oniuienauancnn)-xoGat-ra(II1) (nanee ACI’) ¢ asii-nonom (Ns) paaairsnbix actuopuressx, Okaxalocs, !T0 8 BORHOM pacrRope aC ycyt > puem ky ne sapuecrt or [Ny]. B Meravonstom pactnope kuneruieckoe ‘YpaBvleHMe OcTasocb TAKUM xe, O-aKO BeMHA ky JABMCHT OT KOHIEHTPA- tua avon: H meopemuvecnui myp. Yesoous 3000 79 TNkwoma [0 [ooo [ ooo [ooo | 00s | os slo zoo [270 | 321 | 435_| 327] 3797 Tlocae zo6annes nepauix nopuntit Ns” k MeraHosibHowy pactaopy oaoro #3 wsomepos ACI’ naGmomaetea caeulenue nonoc noraomenux » Y@-crtextpe. B caytae apyroro woMepa WH pacTBopoB OGOuX HIOMEpOR B Bose TaKOFO eweutenus He HaGmogaeres. 1. Tipeanomure texannam peaxiunn maaunonelicrana ACI’ ¢ Ny 8 notion pactope. 2, Bocnomsonanunict cxeayioinina (yparMenroM Nexans ACT Ny 2 ACINY (K), ACINs > ANS + CI (he), ‘BHIBEAHTE 3aBMCHMOCTh ky = A[Ns ]) B Metanomuom pacraope. Joxwxutre, ‘70 mpwnenennati parmenT He ONMCHIBAET AAHHBIE TAGMHMK M ARAAETEA TOsBKO HACTHKO MEXAHHSE. 3. Zlax noxysenns nomMoro MexaiiMa onlomsutTe ‘parMes elle 1BYMA crane, oma Wa KoTOpAIX sBETCR sMMHTUPyoUte (kj). Bueniee no2- Hyto sapncHMocts Ay = f([Ns ]) 8 Metanoze. 4, Borscmre ky, ko aK 5. Tlovemy peaxiuno & Meranone cxeayer nposoauts 8 Gyibepiiom pacrao- pe? 6. Hso6pasure etpykrypy wowepos ACI’ 7. Yeaxnte momep, coorsercrayiomai annum Ta6amust. OGocnyiire evo nui6op. 8, Tpesexaatire KinneriecKoe ypapriente 21 apyrOro WOMEpA. Baaasa 3 Zax nocrpocnnsa Koppenauit ctpykTypa-csoficrBo 8 cospeMertoit opra~ Hieckoil XHMHH INpOKO HCHOMsyIoTER PasHOOGpasHtIe monarozuYecKte uvdexcei, Kovopuie upeucraBamot coGoli Yea, paccaNTHIBaeMBIe NO CTPYK- TypHoli dpopmyne Monexys1s. C noMoUIbio 97HX mHNLeKCOR MOxHO, B HACTHO- TH, mpenekastiars pasite dusuyeckue caolicrsa BeulecTs, HANpHIMep, TeM- eparypy Kunenns H Bart-aep-Baasscos oGkem (7.2. coGcrmentsti oGveM Momexy:, onpeeneHnBi 10 sapticumocTH OGKeMA ReIEcTBA OT jaBTCHIAA. Tlepawie miizexes GLH npesioweHsi B 1947 T., aMepHKAHCKHM XHMHKON Buviepow su08 BBiACHeHR 3ABHICHMOCTH TeMMepaTYpLs KHNENHE aTKAHOB OT HX erpyxtypit. Bunep auen asa uiiexca — pn W, xoropsie onpesenmores no YyrneponioMy ckeneTy cnemTyIoUNM OOpaION: P~ YHCHO Nap aTOMOB yrnepo- ‘a, pasiieemusix popno Tpems caasamut C-C, a W suipaxaeres kaK80 2XXVI] Merciynspodnan Mewdereecxan onuwmuade 2003 2. occu, 2. Maceaa ‘Te nt — weno aromos yrnepoxa 8 ankante, Nj ~ NHeHO AcEX yrAepOAHAN He= rrovex, comepakaiutx posto k cwxseii C-C. Hanpumep, 1x n-6yrana C-C-C-C p = 1 (rpewa cnsxawnt parsenesa ‘TomBKo OHA napa — Kpalinite aTowst yrnepoma). Ynten0 nenowex pasniofk LIN- sat: k= 1, Ni = 3 (ape easan C-C); k= 2, Na = 2 (CCC w C-C-C4;, k= 3,N5= 1 (eaummcroestasit sapnarre C'-C*-C-C*), B urore We 13422431 =10. L.Burunenure imuaexes p W aan wa0Gyrana m pcex yrnesoxopon08 Cot 2. Jaa wepasperazennoro ankana C,Hs».2 ompesesire: a) mnaexe p(n) 6) munexc (n), stax, 0 Wn) ~ miiorownen tperseli crenen, npHtien MO)= WA) =0. 3. BuGepure 1 npencrassennsix yrpepactenil BepxBse. = His asyx somepos Hoomep © Gansu p: a) KuNAT MPH Goxee HHAKOH Tenmeparype, 6) kun mpi GoxIee msICOKOH Texneparype. = Hs aByx wowepos mowep ¢ Gémumnm W uMteer: ») Gomsuuali Bax-nep- Baaascos oGxew; r) mentum Bax-nep-Baanscon oGneM. Tipi nocratoao Gomsutnx 1 (or 10 10 20) Baxi-nep-Baamscon o6xem Vvaw Hepasperanentoro ankaxa nponopivionanen n. J{ix pacseta Vygy OCTabHEX ankatiog HemIOnsyIOT aMTINpHECKOe CooTHOMENHE Fugu ® CW", rae W— muexe Banepa, Cx — ensnecrxsse Koppamenrsr, onmmaxomse ss Bcex aunkaton, 4. Henonsaya dbopuyay aia Wn) #3 sonpoca 2, naliaute wewanecrabie KO- xppunnenras Cac, ecxmt iaecrH0, #70 Vgy(H-CipHy) = 300 sano B paGore Biatepa Gui10 yeranonreno cneayioulee OMMpHIecKOe cooT- AW+b-dp. me At— pasmocrs Temneparyp Kumeu ankana 1 ero x-ioMmepa, AW’ w Ap [PaSHOCTHt HX COOTBETCTRYIONIUNK HFUTeKCOR, a Hb ~ HeKOTOpHIe Ko>MpumHEH ‘Tei, OAMHaKOBBLE 1s Bex amKaHOD, 5. Hcnionsays anHble TaGNHBI, BAIIMCANTE a u b H HaluueTe TeMmepatypy satrenna us0Gyrana, ecam Tesmepatypa kumeHHx w-GyraKa passa -0.5°C. Coesenne ree 2wenax6yran | 22-muneruanpona c 36. 279 9s 6. Tipenzoxarre cnoit cobcraenubiit TonoworHHecKHH MHULeKC M paccuTalt- ‘Te eTO JUIN BoeX anKaHion oT C3 10 Cs. HeoSxommMoe yerosHe: sU1A TOOK ABYX BEULECTE MHAEKCH! OITA! PaRIIHIATECR, Deenepusenmarnati mp _ 81 ‘SkemepumentaapHnait Typ Banaue 1. Auaauruseckan xuuns (asrop Bextemuues MK.) Onpexeaenne kouuenrpaunu MypanbitHolt kMesIOTEI B pacTsope THTpHMeTpMMecKHMH MeTORAMIE Becdenue B ganiol saaase npestaraetes onpenenuts KoHHe!Tpauiio MypasbitHoit salesloTHI B PACTRope OAHHM 16 MeTOOB KOMYECTBENOTO aHautHsa — THTPH- MeTpIrieckHN, ABATHTHSecKaR HacTe paGorst cocTOHT Hs aByX vacTeit. B Repsol weer — KHcaOTHO-ocHORHOe THTPOBAHME ~ MpoGy pacrBOpa MyypaBbHt- Holt xicaoTat TuTpy!oT craHapTHBIM pacTRopoM ieTONH ¢ dpeHonprasteHTOM B xavecTBe HBAKATOpa. Bo sropoii ~ oxucnutrensHo-noccranopitTeasHoe THTponanie ~ dbopamat onpeneasior mepwaHraHaToMerpH¥eckH, T.e. MposoweT xBoltHoe OGparoe ‘raposaine. Jia 2T0r0 cava OKHCAMIOT (popMUaT H3OKITKOM epwaHraHa ‘a B ulerouNofi cpene (@ KUCHOH cpene peaKu® HecTexHoMeTpHa). OxiHe- nenne tpedyer speMeny, ostomy cmeck oeraRsioT Ha 20-60 Nt pH KOM HaTHoi Tevmeparype. J[asiee HeoOXomMMO OnpeseMieTs HBGUITOK OKMEsUITENA epprmerprueckn. Oawako Henocpeacrsentio THrpoBars nepwattranat co- sae Mopa Henbas 3a neverKon dukcauun KoHesHoit TouRH (cyeneHIHA ‘MnO; wesenno pearupyer c Fe", ecain nocaeamui upucyrersyet B waioii KOHUeHTPAUMH), NOOTONY, CoBAB KuteYIO cpesly, LOGaBIAIOT HIGHTOK Com Mopa i Titpyior ator usGnrrox lepwanrranaroy. Memoduxa okenepuneuma 1.Tposezurre satcnorio-ocHosnoe irposatme, B GiopeTky wazcitre ccranuzapritst pacraop uteo%t (cxsou 0.1 M) Ht yeranonirTe ero yposetib Ha ynenom aestewmt Groperi. B KaAAYtO 19 TPeX KOMHYECKHX KOAG ANA THTPO- ania BBenHTe nimeTKoit 10.0 sex (Vixcoon:) BautaHIHOT Bas ana aHama pactnopa mypastunioi: xneorsa 2-3 xan pacrnopa enondrarenna, Twt- pyifre pacrsopom menos 0 nencwesaiomielt posoBott oKpackH. BarutunHTe anaseHtix OGveMon pacTHopa Wle04H € TOSHOCTLIG 0 0.05 x42. TIpimmaitre pacrnop 2 Gioperk MesuteHHO H paBHoMepHo, 3T0 TO- NOaIT CHHHTE OrpeUmHocTS ero sosupoBauus. PexoMeHAyeTeH MPO © BecrH oaHo rpyGoe THrponaune (oGas%x turpant nopunaMn mo ~1 ‘Mot) Ho Kpafiveli Mepe laa TONHEIX, OGkeMM THTpaNTa nIpHt TOME ‘WTponaniiax se OMAN paamiMaTEeR Gonee Yew Ha 0.05 wut. B nporusHoM ccnyvae THTposaue HeoGKOAHMO NOBTOpHT. ewe pas.82_XXV1T Mexynapodan Mendercescnun onuunuada 2003 «. Poccws 2. Mocrea 6) = 3umunrte ypasuenme peaxtun asanworeicrmun wypassio weno. 2 ru comenossi. Paccurraiive cpeauut oGtem pactnopa mesos, Moulemuero Ha TAT posaue. Bannute xouewiye Gopmyay sae pactera rontenrpaum ypanso Pacesmrale (¢ Tossoersi0 10 tpeTsero 2waKa) KoMUeHpatilo MypaBsiNol sateaoTst 8 atiasawoHpyeMom pacraope’ 2. Tposeasre oxcaurrensio-soccravioautrerbitoe trpoanne, B Kaxctyio 13 Tpex xomveckx KONG -Uin THpowaniA muNerKol wReauTe 2.0 Ma (Vyccon2) auamioupyenoro pacrnopa Mypasbnvori xneaoru, 10 san 1M pac ‘raopa coast (auuimnapom) H 5.0 sux (Vy.s) CTauapTHOrO pacrsope nepwaKTa- ara (Cytai ~ 0.1 M) aaa oxucnenua opmuata. TuatembHo nepememaitre conepxioe Kon6 1 ocraRbTe Ha BpeN He Mesee 20, none Goxce 60 wk To npomtecrann 20-60 wu noexe navaaa okvccenun opwinara nepwan- ranavow mowomo uaiiapa apeante w Kexayi0 Koa6y 10 mat HsS0, (1:4) 112.00 ma cranaapriioro pacraopa conn Mopa (cre~ 0.2 M). Cepxyto knexoty npuausaitre ocropoxuo: mpoucxoaut acnermnane 2xuIKOCTHL Baneitre Gioperxy pacrBopom mepManraxara Kau sax THTpopana (Cyta2~ 0.01 M) n orrmnpylire wsGxrrox xenesa(Il) 10 noswenia ycroiimiBolt ‘oxpackn nepwanranara. 3anmunirre 9Ha¥enti O6beMOB pacropa FepwaHraia- ‘Ta Kallis ¢ TomocTHt0 0.05 sx. —Paccuuraiire epeawee auaente oGsema pacreopa KMnO. (Vie D1), nomenmero na tarponane JNMKUTE YpaBHENKN OCHOBUEN peaKUMl, KOTOPKIE MOIYT HpOMEXO- ts Bo BpeN oKHneMHA GoPMHaTa NepMaHTaHTOM B COnOBOM pac “ope. ~ Sane ypastremn peaxuoti, npovexosunx mpxt peaxupa comm Mopa € "HORHEAEHHBIM pacTaOpOM, NOTYIEMIN peaysbTaTE ORHEEHHA GopNIEATa nepwanranaron. Sammie ypaswenne peaxtvin, mponexonauleH px rHxpoBarnnt waGwrTKa comt Mopa nepmauiranatom Kast ~3animusite xoxesnyio Gopayay a% pacvera xouesTpauM Mypasbitioit sarex0TBr (Mon!) = Pacownraitre Koretpauiio Mypanbutioi xuicnonss 8 ananiepyemom pac- ‘Hope c ToxOcTHHO 0 TperBero sHaKa". “Tipu pacuerax weniomayite Tommie KoMeIpalDOH CraNRApHN pACTRGPOR, YRERANNS Ha Saaeax e-em paernopant, : renepuoenmanoeaii mp 83 Moryr su eneayioue noGousibie Mpoueccht NORAMETS a upasiLtEsocT® onpeneneHiia MypaBbHHOl KHCTOTE C HeTIOaBSORAHHeM e¢ OKHeNEMH Tlep- waHranaToM 8 uleno¥Hoit cpeae? 1) 2Mn0," + H:0 + 2MnO; + 20H” + 1.503; 2)2Mn0,- + 6HCOO" —+ 3C,0,? + 2MnO; + 2H,0; 3) HCOO" + 0.503 + HO > COs + 1,0 + OH 4) HCO" + 0; + H,0—> CO; + HO; + OH; 5) HCOO™ + MnO; + H,0 — Mn(OH); + C + OH: Sanaa 2. Oprannveckas xuMna (aotopes Apyacuran C.B., Henaiidenro BIC) Conrres Gersummaasoaa Baw mpenctour nosysirs rerepounkmmeckoe coesmiente — Gerrsunuta- oa; MerooN Toukocaofiuoi xposarorpaguin (TCX) onpeenitrs koxpOunt- eur yaepxunanais (R)) uexosHoro neulecraa H ponykTa peaxtneH wa pasar araviax efo oSpanonaiis, a TARKe OXapARTEpHOSATE HeKOTOpHLE cBofieTEA canereauposarnioro coeautiens Beodenue Zax noaysenus Gersuviitsora Baw npeautaraerea mponecru peaxuio o-feunmenzHamntia ¢ MypassinHolt xucnoToll (KoHUeHTpaLUO KoTOpofi Bs conpeaestian 8 sanave 1) Nts a Ny HCOOH iC T XN ™ o Ay, wanmeme SNE Gensnaeason Mero roxxocxoitHoH4 xposarorpagitn (TCX) mm foe oxo HenonbayeTes m OpraniecKoil XMM 708 HIeH- acura THpaKauwin coemmnenuit x yeraNoBteHue HX SHCTOTHL Kaxxquii KoMMOHeHT eMech MOET OBITS OxapaKTepH- onait onpereneniiim Koxpypuauentom yrepaneauus | @— (Rp, Kovopisit onpenessetes Kak oTHoUeHHe paccTos 7 Mia x OF TOAKH naneceHA pacropa Jo NeHTpa NaTHA 5 ReMIECTEA K PACCTORHIO ) OT TOHKH HaHeceNus pac Taopa jlo rpasiius poutra smoenta (pacrsopireas): Roxy. Memoduxa axenepunenma 1, CoGepire mpxGop 2x18 nposeaenss peaKunt, co- ‘cTOmIIUKH 1 KpyrsOROHOH KON6HI ¢ OGPATHBIM XONOAMIBHMKOM, K KOTOPOMY [NpHCoeMUINeHBI ULIAHTH JUIA MOBO BO.4 ZDATI Mersynapodnan Mendercocrat onwruada 2003 2 Pocus, 2 Mockea 2.Ha anasirrnyeckux wecax Bapecsre npemIoxeMMstH oGpaseu o-peHH- -neviaHaMita H TIOMeCTHTe TO HaBecky B KONY. 3. Paccuuaiite oGuem wonHoro 42%-Horo pacrsopa MypasbuHoli KUCHO- ‘Tui, TpeGyeMoro JUIK NlomHOro MpoTeKAHH peaKIWN (YHTHTE, WTO JU1K NO-THOTO Hporexann peaxum TpeGyeres sat AccaTuKpaTHBtli W3OBITOK pacrBopa Mypanbunolt kucs0Ts). JloGanTe HeoGxoHMEt oGKeM MypasbaHoll KiICIO- ‘Tul R Koa6Y H TOMECTHTE B Hee HecKosBKO KYCONKOR HopHeTorO ¢aphopa KueNOK, KOTOPKIE MOTYT OBITS 3AMCHEHBI 3ATAAHEKIMK C ORKOTO KOA xkanwanapan, UIpicoeauure o6paruisit XoxONWISHUK H NlocTaBbTe NPHGOP xa rumerky. Joa nposeneuna peaxiyor Bans HeoGxo40 KuNeTHTE peaKyHoH- Hylo ewes npnGmusimesbHo 1 wae, 9 1m vero HeoGxomMMO HoMeUIaTE B KOAGY «acunesKHD? 4. Oyenere nommory npoxoaeHns peaKuMN MeToLOM ToHKoCHO‘HO! xponarorpapin. J{1x 2Toro mpuOassirenbHo Hepes 30 MKE noc TOF KaK PeaKUHONHAR CMECE 2aKHTIFT, ¢ NOMOMIGIO KaMLLAypa oTGepiTe Mpo6y peaK- LUMOHHOH cMECH H HaNecHTe €€ Ha KARIYIO HS Tpex xPoMaTOrpadiNecKe maacrimox (A, B it C) 8 TORRY, omexenuyto tinppoit 1. B tosKy 2 na KaMUIVIO TLIACTHHKY HHCTAIN xannanapom wanecirre mpo6y cram Kowrpomsnoro pacraopa—0- enurenswancima. — Towectire aactamxy A p KaMepy ¢ amioen- ae, ‘row A, naacrinky B 8 Kamepy € sawenrom B, m naacrimxy C 3 I xaepy ¢ omoentom C. Moese acres ‘Toro, Kak d)poHT ‘kWuIKOCTHE TOM uMeTes NOTH AO nepxa KAA MMACTIOIRH, HOBNEKHTE MAACTHUKG Ht BBICY- lire Wx Ha Bosayxe B TeNeHHMe 3-5 xoHH TIpORBHTE KB HOmHOH KaMEpe, vse ep ~2epseyite xpovarorpann A, BC. 2 —Onpesesmre &, Gexnuaasora np HenoaHOM mpoxoxkaeKit peak- st Ry o-penninensanasna = Kaxas w5 npeasoxeunsx Bam xpowarorpagueaccks cures (A, B wnt C) smnaerea HanGoxee nosNonsMIel 1 aKANHNA AaHHOH peaxIULONHOi emecH? Orner oGocnyiire 5. Oennte nomory mpoxoaenus pearusn MeToIOW TouKocrOliNol xpomarorpadun vepes wac. Tocae npuOausierebHo 1 daca KunsMeHUR peaK- unomnoit cwecu y6epire narpesanie, jaitre KonGe caerKa OXAAUITRCR H OX- IaMTE ee B CTaKAHE C XO:IORHOH BORO! JO KoNHATHON Tewmeparypsl. C n0- LMouIbio KanuaLtapa oTGepHTe npoSy peaxuMoKHoll CMeCH H HaHecHTe ee Ha nacrinxy Ee Toaky 1, B towxy 2 sHcTuM KannnapoM uaniecite mpoby KoHTpombioro pactnopa o-pennensvamntia, ToMecTiTe TEaCTHHKY B KaMe- py ¢ amoenTom, sisGpanmuint Banc kax onTunaseui a8 Aamof peaKiuron- Seonepuvermanssiimyp 85 Holt emecn (n1. 4). Tlocae Toro, xax @powt xHaKOCTHE HORAUMETeX TONTH 210 [RepKA TINACTHNH, HABLIEKHTE €€ M RBICYWITE Ha BOBAYKe B TeYeHHE 3-5 Nam. TIposnurre ruaacrnny B womHoit kaMepe. Bapucyitre xpowarorpammy. Ouenitte noHoTy mpoxoxreHna peaKivTH -Meroom ToHKocsOHION xpomatorpaput (TCX). 6, Tlepeviecire conepaumoe KorGii 8 ¢yXoH ctu craka. K peaKuHoH- Noli eMecH Hpi XOpOLIEM HepeMeMIMAHHH narO4KOll mo KannaM oGaBaaitre ‘onHit pacTaop rHapoKcHsa Harpus 0 pH 9.5 — 10 (KoxTpoms 0 MELIEKa- ‘TopHofl Oymamxe). HasutHaer nemnaaaTs cwerstt ocanox. Horpire naroHKoii CTeHKy cTakaHa H OcTaBBTe Ha S MHHYT 0 NpeKpamtenH BLITAAeHUA Oca, 7. CoGepure mpuGop sux duabTposania ocainka Ha BosocTpyiitioM Hacoce. Pasmewaifre ocaox B cTakaHe umareseM 4 nlepeHecuTe Ha AbIp CO cTeK- aaNwoli 1actHHKolt, Beworrre noxocrpyiinsil nacoc, mpHcoeaMHre IAKT x orpogy KonOm 21x GiutbTponaHH® M oTpwuTEEpyitTe ocaoK. Tlocre Toro, ‘ak Marosbtl Pactnop MepecraneT KaNATS B KO.Oy, OTCOCmMENTE BaKYYMNBI uuraur. TIpuaelize x ocaaxy Ha quistpe HecKombKo MuLAMIETpoB TeTparHl- pobypania H ‘ilarenbHo pasorpire ero uiarenest (ywrure, “To MpoyxT 33° \MeTwo pactsopii » Terparwapodypaxe!). [Ipucoemmute saxyysatit mInAHT 4 propio ordunsrpyiire ocatox. Jim cyunKit peutectBa octasbTe ero 1a ‘dwrrpe w tevenne 10 wunyr mpu akstONeHHOM BaxyyMe, Kpan noxocrpyiinoro acoca MONO JaKpHIBATE TOKO MH OTCOEAH- + xeutiom or mpuGopa Baxyyanion mitanre. 8, Banecste nloayuennii npoykr (r) ¥ onpenenure ero axxo 8 %. 9. Onpenemire Tewmeparypy TmaRNeHitA HonyeHKoro coemmHeNHs. On- [exevtente NpOBOAHTEA B 3AILONHEHHOM BEWeCTBON KAMHAIAPE B cteUam= ‘HOM npuGope. Uro6si aanomure KaMULINp noMyeHHEIM BaMi BeLIeCTBOM, BO3BNOFTE ‘anagnmusit ¢ OAHOTO KoHNA cTeKIAHHBIH KaMHELIAP, ero OTKpEITH KOHEL horpyaite B BewiectHo, 1 HaGpanoe & BEpxHUt KOMEN BeIleCTBO CTpaXHBrTe Ha Ho Kamm~nspa, Opocas ero HeCKOBKO pas Hepes CTeKISHHY!O TPYGKY, YCTANOBIEHKY!O Ha 2ECTHYIO TlOBEPXHOCTS. Fry onlepaMLO HAsO HoBTOpATE [no nAoTHOrO saNlonHeHHs KaNiLspa, BaTeM KAMMAIAP HlowecTaTe B mMpHGOP {008 onpeneneHa TeMmepaTypsx TuIARnENHA. anime onperterenuyto Bas Tewmeparypy.