53/58:153 Lecture 22 Fundamental of Vibration

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Lecture 22: Finite element method: Axial vibrations of bars

Reading materials: Section 9.1

1. Introduction

Discretization

Assembly and solution

2. Governing equations

Axial vibrations of a long slender bar

initial conditions

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boundary conditions

u(x0, t)=ux0

3. Axial vibration element

Finite element approximation

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4. Energy

kinetic energy due to distributed mass

kinetic energy due to concentrated mass

Total kinetic energy

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Strain energy

work done by the distributed applied force

work done by the concentrated loads

Total work done

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5. Equations of motion

U=Us-W

6. Assembly and Solution

The element equations are derived in the above with local coordinates.

Assemble the element equations into the global equations based on the global
coordinates.

Apply the boundary conditions.

Numerically solve the equations of motion.

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7. Example 1

General element equations

Element 1

⎛ 1.869 0.9345 ⎞⎛ u&&1 ⎞ ⎛ 490000 − 490000 ⎞⎛ u1 ⎞ ⎛ 0 ⎞

⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 0.9345 1.869 &&
⎠⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝
u − 490000 490000 ⎠⎝ u 2 ⎠ ⎝ 0 ⎠

Element 2

⎛ 1.335 0.6675 ⎞⎛ u&&2 ⎞ ⎛ 350000 − 350000 ⎞⎛ u2 ⎞ ⎛ 0 ⎞

⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 0.6675 1.335 &&
⎠⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝
u − 350000 350000 ⎠⎝ u3 ⎠ ⎝ 0 ⎠

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Element 3

⎛ 0.801 0.4005⎞⎛ u&&3 ⎞ ⎛ 210000 − 210000⎞⎛ u3 ⎞ ⎛ 0 ⎞

⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 0.4005 0.801 &&
⎠⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎝
u − 210000 210000 ⎠⎝ u 4 ⎠ ⎝ 0 ⎠

Considering concentrated mass and force on node 4, the element equations for
Element 3 could be written as:

⎛ 0.801 0.4005 ⎞⎛ u&&3 ⎞ ⎛ 210000 − 210000 ⎞⎛ u 3 ⎞ ⎛ 0 ⎞

⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 0.4005 100.801⎠⎝ u 4 ⎠ ⎝ − 210000 210000 ⎠⎝ u 4 ⎠ ⎝ F (t )⎠
&&

Form of global equations

Assemble of elements

Element 1

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Element 2

Element 3

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Global equations of motion

Apply BCs

Note: for nonzero BCs

Solutions

Newmark’s method

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