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Mohamed, Iba-Mangli between the Arab and Byzantine Worlds: New Evidences, Graeco-Arabica, 9 (2003)] 2h Le chee gr tle Leal lay PAs Hod) OBL cts ee wait GUS OT yy Ha gle tall gle al ss pe op hae pel load OUI ge ale a heal gb al poled co end yall Yas ps Vy Ga SIS dT co Qed hs he oy ee 19 Gea cabal Gall oly Al 9 pada Dei Ae guage Hen Megs S\ ue. 1427/2006 oe — 11959 oypey aly odes 3 BAW saad Lj eG ted $1962 ayy oe oe ak 15-5 51961 ares syed Guill shaally Saad apts Uys bab cal te 7 11964 sell gall peal gly ge 811967 Ceara es =10 91968 : sell yl Que rely Sin By BN (UU UST 1T 1968 ge eigens ders 12 11969 gs eganas cabpetly (oT 13 97S tgs gee 1979 gs cas Sey wf lage tall cal sabe sal 1967 ge lM ak cag gf alt ue «td fale lun Beso Sala a8 hes cela op Windy ce Wage yy conse (Lr al big ely Weld cad lye aba gil II ovals GP Ls dae dell Je ol agegis ved Sled Sil tes oT aa et gh SG ASU de ya oe Ly ceil Good gs a SAU AB gp ly ol day gue eats Cigar EL 8 Uae el ype 127 ye 1M gp ed Bat Ugly Ss atl MON yell yaa a relly Ba pel PLY yaaa Dell Rpt SLs OES pal gh By jal SLB, UY gi Ops Fae dey yf UA! GDN gl onl: 5, KES 1957 aL SS $1959 5 Ii ganas LI ob 2 goles Os sheses ch BR ESOS Ha age Boe gl Kale J th Met tl lees oy dane) (Or P.6019 5 bybde ipl isa 1B Bay lly Sees (Chsitdes,V, «Naval Warfare inthe Eastern Mediterranean (6th-14th Centuries). An Arable Translation of Leo's VI Naumachia», Graeco-Arabica, 3 (1986), p.133] (91376 /.2778 gh p1362/.0764 Ee eee es ee ence cere Peron neee cee aca eee [A764 phe BUY Sg eS ele oy dae PMI ety p1376 14778 pLe T1362 Fras poe p pleat Jaa Lsf ass tna Mana ng and Len i, song tte on re ‘ Tenses aD, 363 a5 .cKim wit 585 ppae STMLANDIATAN SVIMLAD aM 10:42 ZOPPOTH, G. “Muhanmad gyptacher ofr and sebrifttller des U4. jhe” WLM. 93, 90.34 (1957) 200-99. Hos. eaten, upon AL Aaa are ayia naa ERP srmse ane Man bal 22 ee eR oma Si Hert + Bopoee: Mobis (ped wo : 2 imi alIraqi, 1988 = 1409 h. ~ 2725. Dl EN” Jnhalt: Lehrbuch der militatischen Tektik; Verf gest. 1982 ain arab. Schrift, arab, 0A 18196 ‘bo Manglt, Mupacmad. Oe ta chadlif'”Eommerve des grands dle ce monde ‘vee les beter sewvages des aésorts sare onde, tr- F» Vins 1904) C133, non [1132 (98D), 75176. M, Talbi (F) ‘ ee jew mewe! onser So meet, mamma, 6. 2380 / 338. b, Mankali, Muhammad b. Mahmad al-Migti (778 od. Peta a teeth att = your Stet L. at-Tadbirat as-sultaniya ft siydsat as-sini'a al-harbiyal Sadiq (Alot sh ene pea “eee ‘Mahmiid al-Gumaili/In: Maurid 12/4 (1983), 319-378 ail Sue 2. Uns al-mala bi-waké al-fala/M. Isa Sali Fasten eae teas ya/B. — A, 1993 Bltieerniy Pe E72 islam nist. i | - | walt rei FP ei-e' not 4 784) (8N MENGLT 4 | | | |_— MUBAMMAD IBN MANGALT lew “Muhansmad ibn Mangalt (or Manglt; the g stands for the Persn kaf) al-Nasii. cPimameng hard of al-Ashraf Sha'bin (Mamlok sultan 1863-70). “Payptisn futhor of books on hunting and horsemanship. hor of bo or Jork na treatise on hunting, Tns al-mald bicvahsh a-flt; be ane eA vo other books dealing with hunting and equitation in pence nd W2P- i eee is ao comprehensive that itis worth while to indicate briefly Hs ae ae yeains properly with a discussion of the religious duties of i sania men, the things which are permstted or forbidden to them The flesh of a tiece of gume recently killed by a lynx, or even by the hunters ove dogs, may not be | ice of Ee cating of iis lasful only ifthe hunter has killed the anima) himself by | cater throat, No game killed by means of a blunt instrument may be ter | calting its Umor discusses other duties of sportsmen in general, and especialy of sertes leon the case or onthe way toitor from it;how touse hunting pets Pane diferent kinds, Tances, stones, cubs, javelins, swords and daggers). (row ot gazelle, Lions, elephants, tigers, hyaenss, wolves, boars, cheetahs (how! i Hunting eee domeaticate thera and train them forthe chase) various kings of \ rant ads lynse, ad earaeals.. ‘The most valuable kind of leopard is the one which | senate ed to hunt in concert svith @ falcon. Training of hounds. | Use of | ae eee story of that use). On various kinds of hawks (gagr, falcons (fe, ph in aales Cag, pl. ‘ugban), etc, and their qualities. "Males of the Sve\ing i Picks always weaker than the females). Crows, owls, summa} (pl samamij) = tba Mange shar b-boa » \ ‘ e 998 (TH6 Sen so) ~ tok TS ES, Supe, 3ILe mie WN, 575K. :NESV/NGAS LS gee ApOladt Q ad) Stal ia isamoss0. 755 wadlyyty-yl ein! al aya w(t) Haat a eal a ek ayn cub gal age Ue)? 2 (99) a aa (eal oe a) Se MADDESUES 8 553 gall ¢ Uh shia pass she $e, | ISAM 141629 J A405, gH Mal SONR Non Wren. a le 13761778 Spt JF past post i 1152. 136. 133 50 ot aes: aly SBA2 bt pmae 17202 a ab aA gia Se pralsinm 2 Spal 9g 8 1 )S 2875 ,5, 1 2839 5, Bpotl +1409 ua 9) 1971 apt ey Bl hy ay bt Jot 2 +3087. 3086 5, «2875 5, Get pece Ocgaenan apeteraaeeet BA eal Lo J LI ora as 3 5 1983 sia 9 + 2856 55, UeuTLAYYVS [AVY A & (AU fer gt at) Jer el 1H gba Jae Nay iy pl clb sal genie 5 pli lt ota ptigle O = AVAYY yl VY dal = (ae hab) ee BPE CVYAR IVT) eT 2a toy WY aly <-B.Dentu,Libraire « (-ijh « M.LeMarquis.Cherville ule O | 2 plAas | 6 Sti S. 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Oe el JT ed Ise Ub jae Godlee gly gus Se Ala os gy ages Le yey StI Ayny aslally + «ial SASS etal OS FSU OLY Goole Ley Ly ee pe, cptalell te gs oe ng ce ll ole + PW Ol Gog Ske Le J)EF SupplL(ing), The Encyclopaedia of Islam Supplement, Leiden 1980-, pp. IBS KULLAB KuPanic vocabulary), but this eternity must be directly identical with Him because nothing eternal exists besides Him. Similarly, His being can in no way be “not identical” with Him. The character of God's divinity was discussed among Ibn Kullab’s followers. In other theological problems, Ibn Kullab sup- ported the view of the askib al-hadith. He believed in the rwya bVl-absdr, in the final salvation of all Muslims in spite of their sins, and in a moderate form of predestination, Man has no immanent eapac- ity of acting (Rudra); he only receives it in the ‘moment of the performance. He may use it for the contrary of his action, ie. for sin as well as for | obedience, but—this freedom of choice does not | influence the salvational status determined by God from the beginning. Ton Kullab’s sifat theory was prepared by earlier | speculations inside and outside the Mu‘tazila especially by discussions between Abu ‘I-Hudhayl (qo) and Hisham b. al-Hakam (g.] and by the ideas of the early Zaydt theologian Sulayman b, Diarir al-Rakki (for whom of. W. Madelung, Der Imam al-Qasim ibn Ibrahim, 6x ff). He was, however, the first to elaborate them into a coherent system which corresponded to the tencts of the ashib al-hadith. He also apparently put them on a broader | basis by adding, e.g., a theory of human speech Which worked with the same differentiation between | Speech as such and its reproduction through Tetters fand sounds. He wrote several books, among them @ KK. al-Sifat and a refutation of the Mu‘tazila. Only @ ‘small fragment of one of them has een found up to ow (cf. Oriens, xvii-xix (2965-6), 138 6). Among his adherents in Baghdad was the mystic al-Harith al-Mubisibt (died 243/857); in Nichpar his doctrine seems to have been supported by al-Husayn b. al-Fadl al-Bagjall, a contemporary who was mainly known as a commentator of the Kur’an. The orthodox reaction under al-Mutawakkil and the prohibition | ‘of alam in 236/852-3 seriously hampered the ex pansion of the school. Theologians who held similar ideas were attacked by Ahmad D. Hanbal and his isciples as Lafsiyya, people who believed in the | createdness of the pronunciation (lafs), i.e. the recitation of the Kuan. But two generations Tater, Ibn Kulli's ideas were renewed by Abmad b. Abd al-Rabman al-Kalanist from Rayy and by his contemporary al-Ashfart (died 324/936 [.0.]). The Kadi ‘Abd al-Diabbar (died 415[s025) still polemicises much more against the Kullabiyya than against al-Ash‘arl, and seems not always to distinguish sharply between them. But al-Mukaddast notes already in ca, 375/985 that the Ashariyya school ‘was superseding its predecessor. The last traces of the school disappear in the sth/rath century Bibliography: The main information about bn Kullab’s doctrine is found in Ash‘ael’s Makalat al-Islamiyyin, cf. index sv. Abd Allah b. Said, cf, also Ibn al-Nadim, Fikrist, ed. R. Tadjaddud, Tehran? 1973, 230, il. Gf. These and other sources are analysed in J. van Ess, Lon Kullib und die Mihna, in Oriens wviii-xix (1965-6), 92 Hf | See also M, Allard, Le probleme des attributs divins, Beirut 1965, 146 ff; W.M, Watt, The formative period of Islamic thought, Edinburgh 1973, 286 (5 ¥.E, Peters, Allah's Commonwealth, New York 1973, index’ swv.; H. Daiber, Das theologisch- | Piilosophische System des Muammar ibn Abbdd | ‘as-Sulami, Beirut 1975, index s.v.; H. A. Wolfson, The philosophy of the Kaldm, Cambridge, Nass. 1976, 248 f.; J. Peters, God's created speech, Leiden IBN MANGLI 1976, index svi; R.M. Frank, Beings and their attributes, Albany 1978, index. "(J .vax Ess) JBN MAN, sonenan Ns aMamlak Siticer of the guard (see Harss) of Sultan al- Mali aleAsbrat”Shatoin (6678136077 Feel, Known as the author of severat-works-da-the art of war and of a treatise on bunting ‘According to a Taconic item of information given by Ibn Manglt himself, he must have been born in Cairo at the opening of the 8th/z4th century, between, the years 700 and 705/1300%6. As his arabised name shows (perhaps originally Mongli), his father was a Kipgal (ga) who had been brought at a tender age to the Malik training school and recruited to the corps of the, Babrivya (gir) under Sultan al-Malik a Dis Muhammad (22), who held | three separate periods of power between 693/1293 and 741/1341; this is the origin of the title of affiia: tion, al-Nasit, applied to him. Our author fell therefore into the class of azléd al-nas (g..) “sons of the people of high rank”, which allowed him to become a meniber of the sultan’s guard of honour. After having undergone the wide-ranging military education of the “youths of good family”, he ended bis fong career as a military man, in this same élite corps, with the high rank of mukaddam (= colonel. for brigadier?}, ensuring Bim comfort of life and respect. To his cultural interests, Tba Manglt added ‘2 deep religious sense, almost asceticism; at the end ‘of his treatise on hunting, he thanks God for allowing Tim not to take a wie, the source of unhappiness, Tt “unknown whether bis on death preceded or followed the ignominious end of his master, strangled to death, Thm Mangil's works on the art of war and on military and naval tacties are only known to us through titles and citations, but his treatise on Ihunting, put together in. 77s(t37t-2, i preserved in a unique manuscript (Paris, B.N., Ar. 2832, ff 53) called Cus al-malé bé-sahsh al-faid "The sociable Contact of the élite people with the wild beast of the open desert”. The author did not intend to compile an original work, but, s0 he says, conceived the idea of it as an abridgement (mutitasar) of the great encyclopaedia on venery al-Djamhara ft Suliim al bayzara “Compendium on the arts of falconcy™ (Escurial, Ar. go3; Istanbul, Ava Sofya 3813; Calcutta, Asiatic Soe., Ar. 865 Mo) written in 638) ayo by the Baghdadi author Abu Rab “Isa b. ‘Al +b; Hassin aF-Asadl, To the basic fabric of al-Asadi's work Ibn Mangll was able to add, in addition to the fruits of his own long experience on the subject relerences to the best authors, such as al-Damirh al-Djshiz, Ibn Kutayba, Ibn Wabshivya, Tha Zuhs, fal-Razl and many others. Oue is grateful to him for hot having conceived of it as an adab [g.x.] work; his clear, precise and curt style reflects the military ‘man, whilst certain dialectical expressions show the contemporary language Tn 1880 one Florian Pharaon, a person of Le- vantine origin, brought out an edition and trans lation, under the title Traité de vénerie (Pacis, pp. 14 text, 143 tr), of fbn Mangll's work; but the manuscript which he used, very lacking and defective, is not the Paris one, As a result, one wonders ‘whether this Pharaon knew Arabic and luything about hunting at all, since the wark of the Mamnlik author is so mangled. “As well as the great interest which Ibn Mangii's tueatise holds for the devotee of the chase and the specialist on animals, the historian can glean frow it a host of details on the horses, the style of ridin and the handling of weapons as known amongst