HISTO AND ANATOMY (LUNGS)

Hypoxia at high altitude

exaggerated pulmonary vasoconstriction and raised pulmonary artery and

capillary pressure

leading to increased filtration of fluid and proteins into the alveoli

raised hydrostatic pressure

lead to disruption of alveolar microvasculature

trigger a secondary inflammatory response

increasing capillary permeability

results in collection of protein-rich fluid in the alveoli.

Histological examination of a person with Acute Mountain Sickness(AMS) revealed congestion

and edema. Lung edema manifested as interstitial edema and presence of proteinaceous fluid in
the alveoli. Extravasation of red blood cells (RBCs) and inflammatory cells in perivascular spaces
and alveoli were seen, and there was widespread hemorrhage with inflammatory infiltration.