1/27/2018 Importance Of Conservation And Preservation In Malaysia Tourism Essay

Importance Of Conservation And Preservation In Malaysia Tourism Essay

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Published: 23rd March, 2015

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INTRODUCTION
Conservation and environmental protection are very important in Malaysia. Environment stabilization and maintaining to ensure that Malaysia create protection
area for fauna and ora such as establishment of national parks. It is because input from natures resources are important to economic. While environmental
quality on the other hand is productive asset for society.

Tropical natures are one of the important assets to tourism sector of a country. As a country with equator climate, Malaysia has unique natures and island row.
Recently, Malaysia started move forward to become a developed country. Various sectors which become role model in order in development strategies for
example industrial sector, agriculture and tourism. Through tourism sector, Malaysia have introduced some natural place which become focus point for tourist
as their recreation place for the purpose to kill their time and for enjoyable activities for example at national park, forest reserve and islands. Therefore,
Malaysia a ord make tourism sector as a major source of returns if the natures beauty can be always maintained. At the same time, tourism industry has
improvement and growing clearly show that Malaysia has unique attractiveness. Besides that, multi racial people with di erent cultural stay peace in one
country make Malaysia become more unique and more attract outside tourist arrival and this is a source of pro t for the country. Therefore cultural diversity
and arts is key determinant in attract tourists.

Table 1.1: Number of arrival according to nationality - Sarawak

Year
Nationality
2004
2005
Malaysia

2,092,704

2,248,829

Singapore

40,329

42,912

Australia and New Zealand

30,403

28,066

Canada

11,310

9.062

Hong Kong

1,100

593

India

12,924

12,426

United Kingdom and Ireland

44,267

42,136

Brunei

1,280,135

1,354,148

America

10,973

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11,207

China

11,768

11,207

West Europe

19,268

18,729

East Europe

992

1,355

Filipina

104,341

101,521 UKESSAYS (/)  
Indonesia

379,477

449,327

Japan

10,245

9,142

Taiwan

8,283

7,472

Thailand

17,189

17,994

Others

258,183

198,704

Total

4,333,891

4,577,489

(Source: Immigration Department, Sarawak)

Table 1.2: Number of arrival according to state - Sarawak

Tahun
State
2004
2005
Kuching

779,135

859,320

Sibu

127,454

166,018

Miri

311,445

332,669

Bintulu

41,032

73,167

Limbang

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243,762

238,465

Total

4,333,891

1,669,639

(Source: Immigration Department, Sarawak)

Apart from that, infrastructure facilities is one of the factor of tourist arrival. It is because tourists will require comfort and seek solace when visit to a country.
For example, many tourists who come to the Malaysia is to enjoy scenic beauty of the natures and the unique of cultural diversity. So the comfortable of
accommodation such as hotel, chalet and so on as a factor to attract tourist arrival. Accommodation facility play important role cause this will be a factor to
determine whether tourist will stay long or otherwise.

Sarawak is the biggest state in Malaysia which famous with rich of various ethnic groups of culture and rich in history and heritage and also known as Land of
Hornbills. Sarawak not only the largest state in Malaysia, it also was the state that divide to a lot area and contain longest river in Malaysia, largest ower in the
world, largest moth in the world, widen cave in the world, oldest tropical rainforest and the rst person emerge in Southeast Asian available in Sarawak. This
had show that Sarawak is unique and distinctive. Recreation place in Sarawak consist of natural view area and cultural centers such as Sarawak Cultural Village.
Sarawak Cultural Village popular with natural beauty among local and oversea tourists.

The rich of ecology, biological and tradition in Sarawak Cultural Village really amazing. Therefore, e orts was being improved towards preserve ecology diversity,
biological and tradition in Cultural Village. It is because cultural diversity and tradition of the local people able to attract a lot of tourists visit to this land of
hornbills. Sarawak state indeed rich with various type of culture and ethnic such as Malay dance, Chinese and others ethnic in Sarawak which able to entertain
tourist especially those tourist that like to see community life in Sarawak. Since cultural village started open to visit, so indirectly exist damage and pollution risk
to the natures and beauty scene. Therefore, cultural village have to be preserve scenic beauty and traditional residence from threatened by human.

Sarawak Cultural Village Background

Sarawak Cultural Village located at Damai Beach Santubong and approximately 35km from the state capital Kuching town and dubbed as living museum in
Sarawak. Sarawak Cultural Village also become a destination must be visited for those who rst step to Land of Hornbills. This living museum o cially opened
since February 1990. This living museum consists seven hectares wide and about 150 people living in the village which include seven ethnic group namely
Bidayuh, Iban, Orang Ulu, Penan, Melanau, Malay and Chinese. And each ethnic have their own lifestyle and traditional cultures for example the building of each
ethnic is di erent, longhouse of the Iban, Bidayuh and Orang Ulu, Melanau live at tall house while Chinese is farm house. Apart from that, the entrance fees to
Sarawak Cultural Village show as Table 1.3.

Table 1.3: Entrance Fees

Entrance fees
Category
Sarawak citizen
Not Sarawak Citizen
Adult
RM25

RM60

Children (between 6-12 of age)

RM18

RM30

Student
RM15

RM15

(Source: Sarawak Cultural Village)

Figure1.1: Sarawak Cultural Village Location

(Sumber : Malaxi Damai Beach)

Ethnic Bidayuh known as Dayak Darat achieve 8.4 percents out of total population in Sarawak. Majority ethnic Bidayug stay in long house that located nearby
slope of mountain and also nearby river. Their house are made from board and bamboo with sago palm roof. Tourists can enjoy long house lifestyle when visit
to this place.

Iban tribesman known as Laut Dayak which their long house concept built up with large living room and several bed room. This ethnic most important treasure
bravery. Every soldier able to kill enemy, will get appreciation as warrior and greeted with custom dances. Hence, Penan lifestyle is nomad style means that
dislike stay in a place with long time. Therefore, their residence size also quite small size. Apart from that, Orang Ulu like to build house scattered in highland
and river bank. While Melanau house is the most unique among other Sarawak ethnic, it is because their house is build up 40 feet tall from land, main purpose
is to prevent attack by enemy and ood. At the same time, local ethnic dance performance including Ngajat Lesong and Ngajat Pahlawan, ethnic musical
performance show in Theater Sarawak Cultural Village start from 11.30 o'clock in the morning to 4.00 o'clock in the afternoon, and every performance take 45
minutes long.

Figure 1.2: Total population with ethnic Sarawak 2005

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(Source : Jabatan Penduduk dan Perumahan Malaysia)

1.3 The Important of Conservation and Preservation natural resource and cultural in Malaysia
Tourist industry depends highly on natural resources and cultural diversity which has potential to promote and attract tourist arrival. Natures is one asset that
used to attract tourists arrival to see beauty and sense new experience. Awareness on the important of preserve natures in various level (government sector,
private sector and society) for establishment of several protected area. Establish Sarawak Cultural Village is one of the approach that used to make sure the
place that rich of ecology diversity, biological and cultural heritage preserved and conserve for future generation cause by time pass.

Since Sarawak Cultural Village open visit to tourist in year 1990, cultural village record around 70,000 people visit per year. Tourists get bene t while visit to
cultural village including view natures scenic, cultural heritage and handicraft and do various recreation activities and as well as research and learning also. So
their entry capable increase economic growth and also Kuching capital development from the return of the cultural village. Indirectly, cultural village establish
economic opportunities to society such as job opportunity, income level and others elds. At the same time, tourism growth in Sarawak due to in uence
development at that area. Therefore society nearby can enjoy high quality of infrastructure and facilities.

1.4 Problem Statement

General know that the beauty of natural scenic and rich of various tradition ethnic play di erent important role and function. Conservation and retention
cultural village concept need improvement but it involves high cost. Therefore, entrepreneur cultural village impose a entrance payment rate around RM60 for
adult non Sarawak citizen for the conservation and retention purpose.

According to policy makers especially government, whatever decision on resource utilization require information related cost and bene t. For example,
conservation and retention e ort, government require information about cost and bene t to make a decision whether feasible or not. So, the issue is the
bene t value from conservation and retention could not be valued in nance form. That is, bene t value from the conservation and retention only can estimate
in quantitative with using concept Willingness To Pay (WTP). The value of WTP on entrance fees to cultural village typi ed their willingness pay apart from
purpose enjoy recreational facility but also conservation and retention program.

Evaluation conservation and retention program divide to two aspect namely direct use value and indirect use value. Direct use value consists goods and services
such as natural scenery and traditional dances of various tribesman. Indirect use value could not be valued in market in fact it more focus on ecology and
biology, tribesman residence and recreation protection. Therefore, conservation and retention create indirect use value to human and also natures as well.

Objective
To study and estimate WTP value for the purpose of conservation and preservation Sarawak Cultural Village.

To identify those factor in uence WTP for the cost of preservation for air quality, scenic view. Tradition building in Sarawak Cultural Village.

To analysis the important of Sarawak Cultural Village to society's tradition Sarawak.

To develop strategy to ensure that retention bring optimum bene t to society Sarawak.

1.6 Research Scope

Data collection in this study is refer to research design which primary data collected through questionnaire method. Sampling point focus at area Damai Beach,
Santubong, area Sarawak Cultural Village. Total respondent in this study around one hundred and will use interview method based on objective study.
Respondent category chosen is individual that has worked. Statistical Package for the School Science (SPSS) software will be used to strengthened result of the
study by looking relationship among each variables.

1.7 The Important of Research

Since 1984, tourism industry show potential returns to economic growth. Hence, government had develop several plan to improve and expansion tourism
industry by set up a ministry especially for cultural tourism able increase this industry by Tourism Development Company to promote and enlarge tourism
market, facility improvement has been given for investment in this tourism industry. Investment for accommodation projects such as hotel and motel and
infrastructure such as recreation center and other facilities were given pioneer status or tax incentive to government. Indirectly those incentives give growth to
the country.

Government recommend village tourism was one of the new e ective alternative which this development product is based on the natural resources and custom
of di erent ethnic. Nowadays, various strategies generated by government to promote natural tourism and the unique of custom as a new attraction tourists.
Therefore, tourists nowadays more interest with nature tourism, so government play important role in conserve and maintain the quality of the recreation
center and nature in Malaysia can bring positive growth and give bene t to society as well. Besides can promote cultural village which rich of natural
environment, society indirectly also can get the bene t and impact from this tourism strategy.

From this studies, conservation and retention program were important to environment in Malaysia. Environment stabilization or known as environmental
sustainability encourage Malaysia develop more protection area to preserve ora and fauna in a certain park or forest. It is because input from natures is
important source to economic. While environmental quality on the other hand is productive asset to society.

1.8 Research Organization

This project paper will divided to ve chapters:

Chapter 1 discuss about the important of conservation and preservation of the cultural area in Malaysia. Therefore, this study will issue objective to achieve the
conservation study. Apart from that, research scope and methodology also be explained clearly in this chapter.

Chapter 2 is part to increase knowledge in the subject area. Besides that, collection previous studies from others economist researcher as a references to
identify information and ideas that relevant to this research.

Chapter 3 focuses on describing the associated methodology in the analysis of the contingent valuation for conservation and retention of the Sarawak Cultural
Village. Method that will be used is Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). Furthermore, Statistical Package for the School Science (SPSS) software will be used to
strengthened result of the study by looking relationship among each variables. Besides, various test will be run for the independent and dependent variables.
Model will be use in this study will be explained clearly in this chapter. Type of data collection in this study is primary data through questionnaire method.
Therefore, sampling point focus at area Damai Beach, Santubong, area Sarawak Cultural Village. Total respondent in this study around one hundred and will use
interview method based on objective study.

Chapter 4 presents the data analysis result of the study with di erent test. Every decision will be elaborated clearly and performing in graph form and schedule.
Interpretation of result will be stated in this section.

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Chapter 5 is the last chapter in this study. This chapter would be summarize the study been discussed and provides information to develop policies and
strategies to ensure conservation and retention program on cultural village continuously so that future generation have chance to enjoy the bene t and
economic value from this conservation.

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