GROUP 15 9.03 90 (2160) Wooaeli Lake, NI April £990 Enaine Sence Enghesring SUBJECT: 1.8 Liter Four Cylinder Engine (M42) MODELS: 218i and 212s [BMW has developed a completely new 16:vale, four finder engine which is ideally sulted forthe E30 vehiclo. The new M42 engine will bs found in wo new 2-Senes models dasigncted the 218i and 318s, This engine follows the traction of other BMV mulb-vals engines in that it provides high performance charactencties with excellent routine cchweatilty ‘The principle featuras ofthe new engine concept are 4 very flaibla power band and excelent torque in relation to the engine displacement of 1.8 liters: Daspite the high compression ratio af 10-1 and a pewear output oF 124 bhp, the M42 is arelinod, easy to-cnwe unitwich s especialy compatible with everyday use. Satisfactory acoustic levele are maintained with the use of newstechnolagies ‘end sound insulation techniques. Low spaed vibrations are eliminated with the use of @ dual mass tyvheel Refer to (TR 87 BOSE} tor complete duel mass thaiee! information. ‘Optimum thermal efficiency enables the M42 to provide high power culputwith ‘minimal exhaust emissions and excellent overall economy The new ha? engine extubits the typical nest sppearance and pipe and cable leyauls wich are found on all present dey BhvW engines, M42 maintenance requirements are reduced and access to existing sanice points (spar plugs, oll service) nas been simplified. Cylinder head porting and the inlet and exhaust pipes are designed wih adequately large crass sections to provide optimum velumetic efficiency, Ths procise crass saction and long ofthe intales manifold runners ensure effective cylinder filing, ‘Combustion chamioer ps and cssign with the centrally lacated sparkplug result in much shortar fame paths and @ more uniform combustion process The heart of the neq N48? engine is a nevs crankcase manutsclured of pearlitic gray cast iron “The new crankcase featuras slamesed cylinder bores and integral cil spray ets for piston coating The engine is installed wrlh = 300 incintion tothe right ‘The predominant feature ofthe ¥i47 enain isthe chilled cast aluminum cyinder hoa, hich uses the crosstiovprincipls, The intake and exaust pports are computer designed and ere machined with special cutters for optimum 43s flor. The combustion chamber is a completaly naw design haying @ compact, biconcayo shape vith 2 central locatod spark plug. The equish zone is cistributed betwen the inlet and exhaust ends of he combustion chamber for minimal energy losses ‘The surface of the combustion chamber is cast without machining, This resus ing smooth surface which resists the fermation of combustion residues, The combustion chamber velume is divided for effective heat dissipation. The cylinder head secommadetes 20% gnd the piston crown bow 20%. The large Inlot and exhaust ports coupled with dual inlet and exhaust valves ensure thatthe Incoming airfuel charge is well blended and the e»hauet gases evacuated! without resticton Tha camshaft hausings lacate the camshafts and the (s0t-adustng) hydraulic tappets. The housings are separate parts which pert removal ofthe tsouusy camshafts and teppets without cylinder head removal The camshattsretste inive bearing joumals and are lubriceted from internal covinder head all passages. The relatively short opening duration of 2400 sek eo combined with high vaWe lift (9.7mm ensure good torque characteristics. The camshafts are of» hallow cast design for weight reduction ®p maintenance costs ie, TES seumetmnennsips 2, [ocuiminongae te Cue tneniuanae sod eg ones specific disposal quidelines must be followed whien herding or replacing M42 exhaust valves, Refer to ET T1 D6 30 (ADE) for complete information. Tha eft adustng hyeaulic tappets function withthe use of engine oil pressure, intemal chambers and onfice contro 1 Engine ofl pressure 2 Large allchamber 2 Smal cil chamber 4 High pressure chamber Replacement hycraulc tappets are cupplied with ful cil supely chambers, therofera, prapor functioning after instalation is ascured) Spacinic procedures must be folawed conceming hycrsulic tappet spare patts storage, or oil eskage vill occur, Please follow instructions Occasionally tappet noise may occur flloning a cold start kth cestain ls his is roma, see ETL TERETEIRAT or complot infarmation ‘The crankshaft is forged steel suaported by five main bearings vith & Ccountenmeights. Tha $-layer main bearing shells conform to the BMW Tn-Color classification Tha Forgad stoel conmacting rads have been devolaped specifically for M42 Use. The euumeviny tad Bearings Conia ly Ure Uuuble eulut Lessin New compact, gitweight pistons combined wih special length connecting rods reduce oscillating mass and promote smooth running. The p'ston crowns Incorporate @ symmeticsl combustion bowl and gre notched for vale hesd clesrance. The pistons are coated tram oll serey jets mounted in the main bearing ofl supply Avtwo-stage throtle assemblyis bolted tothe cast one-piece iniske: plonurnunner acsembly Tha tstand 2c! stage thratio diameters ara 35mm ‘and S4mim respectively. The tstto 2nd stage transition points 220 of throttle ‘opening travel and proxides smooth yst sponslixe throttle respones, A tivotle potontiometaris used to signa exact trata position for the ME M1 T system Since the engine management sistem is adaptive, the closed thratle positions alviays "seltleamed”. Thus, te throtle potentiometer requiros no adjustment and is maintenance-free The stainless ste=), muliple pipe exhaust manifald is desianed for ow back. pressute restnction and optimum gas tlw. Effective heat retention enables the (©, sensor and the catalst to reach and maintain operating temperatures rpicly ‘The 642 is equipped withthe latest digital motor electronics engine msnagement system. Designated DME Mt 7, the nev system features ‘optimizad component technology, weight saving dasign and expancied adaptive seltlearning functions, Functional Diagram of DME M17 for Ma2 4. Fuoltanlowith pump 2 Liquidvapor separator 3. Fuelfiter 4. M1 control unit 5. Ignition coils 8. Spark plugs 7. Inctors 8 Fuelrail 9. Fuel pressure reguistor 10. Coolant temperature sensor 11. Throtie vals potentiometer 42, Idle contrat valve 13, Active carbon canister 14, Evap, purge valve 45. Alrfiow meter 18. Airtempersture sensor 17, TDC and RPM sensor 48. O2seneor 49. CMlinder identiicaton sensor 20. Battery 21, anion ewiteh 22. Main ely 23. Fuel pump relay ‘The M1 7 DME system controls @ new ruiti-coil, "metionless" ignition system, Each cylinder has @ separate ignition call which is controled by incvidual DME ‘contro urinal stages. The ignition coils are of 2 new design using 2 new ‘grcurd connection and are ratedto 30K. Ignition co Secondayrasistanca Spark plug DME final stage New ground pat ‘A new sparc plug caveloped by BMW is used to complata the new Mt 7 engine menegement system. The new sparkplug features @ ‘mim twead, adwee-arm arf electrode and recuirss no adjustment. The platfarm elacrads provicies a large conductive arse which maintains a constant lr gap and a Uniform lame tront during the eperk plua's sence He The new "motiorless’ BMV ignition system operates without moving peits thus secondary contact weer and tears eliminated. Other advantages: Include a wider igniton timing adustment range, elimination of secondary arcing and strey RFI with improved ignition coll performance curing pesk loads ‘The crankshaft torsional vibration damper and the pulse wheel are combined As with previous DE systems, the increment teeth signal engine RPM wile the tooth gap represents the TDC reference point ‘The M17 airflow meters the bate (door] type and is matched! to the engine's specific requirements. AS on previous BMW engines, the AFM unit contains an Inlet air temperature sensor, requires no acustment and is maintenence tee, The fuel injectors, ful rail, cable rail and fuel pressure requlatar are mounted t Ihe intermediate irtake runner section, This secvan is adjacent to the intake ports near the intake valves for effective aictuel mixing, ‘The cooling system is designed to promote thermal efficiency. Coolent flows verticaly up end thru the engine black, thru the eyinder head te the compact ertical-fow radiator ‘The 2-stage thraile essemblyis coolant heated (de-iced) by a contact tyes heating elamenthald in placa by a bracket This innovate appraach allows 2 functional check without opening the Ma? cooling system “The N12 cooling system operates witha higher flow capacity than previous BMW 4 cylinder engines due to the new type high output coolant rater pump The temperature regulating thermostats now rated at 88°C, The engine oll pan is made yp of wo cast aluranurn sections. The primary section incorporates strenathening nbs at stetegic stischment points. As veh coher BIW engines, ths feature creates 2 "unitized!” enginetiransmission ‘assembly which reduces tex, vibration and noise The cinder heed cover provides ease of service and effective ncise reduction All evlinder head contact pains ere rubber insulated. A''Stop" Incorporated into the holddawn bolt shank base prevents insulator grommet distorten fom overtightening ‘A spark plug cable removal tool is stored in the spark plug recess vithin the cylinder head caver. 1 Sound Berier 2 LiquidiWapor Seperator Further, an insulation battl and the crankcase gas liquidivaper separator act as a barter for valve tain operating noises ‘The identical vin camshert sprockets are driven in clocksise rotation by a duplex roller chain. The chain guides ere acoustical insulatedtto lessen chain dive operating noises ‘A newly designed’ chain tensioner is used which reduces running friction wile maintsining correct chain tension. The chain is lubed end cooled! by a cod cated oll spray jet maurtod in the timing chan housing ‘The internal gear engine oll pump is new directly driven from the crankshaft without a chain, Upper chain guide ‘Cam sprockets Primary guice (Chain housing Lower guide Idler gear il spy at Tensioner guide (Chain tensioner 0. pliner 1B. tus Front view with bel drives : . ers oa ae Pata ety soe Tecra Design 4 eylinder inline (DOHC) choca 6 Sere sa one sewn ne veniacak starr trne vane fengneepecd econ vase mia ene pee sen DR Comores a sive deat fone Stans danse 050m Ohoreaaue tos Oil capacity: 45 (filter 0.26) liters: Tren vec Fiigorer wae Speco tesa ra) amen cote see Sova sas sae speod oa se Promium unloaded gasoline 90 AKUSS octane (RM)