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Creative in problem solving

Creative problem solving Presentation Transcript

 1. Creativity Problem Solving By Dr. Vijay Kr Khurana

 2. Problem Solving• Problem solving is a mental process which is the concluding part
of the larger problem process that includes problem finding and problem shaping
where problem is defined as a state of desire for the reaching of a definite goal from a
present condition that either is not directly moving toward the goal, is far from it or
needs more complex logic for finding a missing description of conditions or steps
toward the goal.• Problem solving has been defined as a higher-order cognitive
process that requires the modulation and control of more routine or fundamental skills

 3. Problem SolvingProblem-solving techniquesThese techniques are usually called

problem solving strategies. Some of these are:• Abstraction: solving the problem in a
model of the system before applying it to the real system• Analogy: using a solution
that solved an analogous problem• Brainstorming: (especially by using groups of
people) suggesting a large number of solutions or ideas and combining and
developing them until an optimum solution is found

 4. Problem SolvingProblem-solving techniques .. Contd• Lateral thinking:

approaching solutions indirectly and creatively• Fractionalization / Divide and
conquer: breaking down a large, complex problem into smaller, solvable problems•
Hypothesis testing: assuming a possible explanation to the problem and trying to
prove (or, in some contexts, disprove) the assumption• Means-ends analysis: choosing
an action at each step to move closer to the goal

 5. Problem SolvingProblem-solving techniques .. Contd• Morphological analysis:

assessing the output and interactions of an entire system• Reduction: transforming the
problem into another problem for which solutions exist• Research: employing existing
ideas or adapting existing solutions to similar problems

 6. Problem SolvingProblem-solving techniques .. Contd• Root cause analysis:

eliminating the cause of the problem• Trial-and-error: testing possible solutions until
the right one is found• Proof: try to prove that the problem cannot be solved. The
point where the proof fails will be the starting point for solving it
 7. What is Creative Problem Solving Approach

 8. What is Creative Problem Solving Approach• Problem solving usually involves

application of logic and / or skills for finding solution on the plane of known / existing
knowledge as under: – Done by further investigations – Done by improved skill
capability – Pursued path may be complex but it is still on the same plane (perhaps
expanding the plane somewhat / slightly)

 9. What is Creative Problem Solving Approach• Sometimes logic and / or skills may
be applied to the expanded plane of knowldege by expanding it as under: –
Acquisition of information along a path that fits with current reasoning – As normal
scientific work

 10. What is Creative Problem Solving Approach• However what to do when the plane
of knowledge has been totally searched and logically expanded and the problem is
still not solved? This calls for creative problem solving approach.• Creative Problem
Solving is a method for approaching a problem or a challenge in an imaginative and
innovative way.• It is a special form of problem solving in which the solution is
independently created rather than learned with assistance.• Creative problem solving
always involves creativity.• Creative problem solving is a part of overall problem
solving

 11. What is Creative Problem Solving ApproachCategories of Creative Problem

Solving Techniques1. Creativity techniques designed to shift a persons mental state
into one that fosters creativity….. Viz. One such popular technique is to take a break
and relax or sleep after intensively trying to think of a solution.2. Creativity
techniques designed to reframe the problem. …. Viz, reconsidering ones goals by
asking "What am I really trying to accomplish?" can lead to useful insights.

 12. What is Creative Problem Solving ApproachCategories of Creative Problem

Solving Techniques3. Creativity techniques designed to increase the quantity of fresh
ideas. …..This approach is based on the belief that a larger number of ideas increase
the chances that one of them has value.4. Creative-problem-solving techniques
designed to efficiently lead to a fresh perspective that causes a solution to become
obvious….. This category is useful for solving especially challenging problems.

 13. What is Creative Problem Solving ApproachSome examples of the creative

problem solving techniques / approaches are as under:i. TRIZ, which is also known as
Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TIPS), was developed by Genrich Altshuller
and his colleagues -This method is designed to foster the creation and development of
patentable inventions, but is also useful for creating non-product solutions.ii. Mind
mapping is a creativity technique that both reframes the situation and fosters
creativity.iii. Brainstorming is a group activity designed to increase the quantity of
fresh ideas..iv. Edward De Bono’s concept of lateral thinking

 14. What is Creative Problem Solving ApproachContd……Techniques/ approaches:•

v) Dismantling or fractionalisation of problem into parts – A big problem may be
difficult to diagnose and deal. However its complexility can be reduced by dimantling
/ fractionalizing it into smaller parts. Focus on smaller parts may help in thinking up
 ideas for problem solving thus facilitating creativity.• vi) Reversal of Problem (By
turning it around viz. inside- out, upside-down or back to front) - This approach helps
in thinking up ideas from opposite / different prespective and thus helps in finding
new or different ideas for problem solving.

 15. What is Creative Problem Solving Process• The Creative Problem Solving Process
(CPS), also known as the Osborn-Parnes CPS process, was developed by Alex Osborn
and Dr. Sidney J. Parnes in the 1950s.• Osborn-Parnes CPS process is different from
other "creative problem solving" methods that it uses both divergent and convergent
thinking during each process step, and not just when generating ideas to solve the
problem. Each step begins with divergent thinking, a broad search for many
alternatives. This is followed by convergent thinking, the process of evaluating and
selecting.• Thus CPS is a structured method for generating novel and useful solutions
to problems. It is flexible process as well.• CPS follows three process stages, which
match a persons natural creative process, and six explicit steps.

 16. What is Creative Problem Solving Process

 17. What is Creative Problem Solving Process1. Explore the Challenge –a). OF -
Objective Finding - Identify Goal, Wish or Challenge. It might be the initial
dissatisfaction or a desire that opens the door to using the CPS process.b). FF -Fact
Finding - Gather Data• Assess and review all the data that pertains to the situation at
hand. Who’s involved, what’s involved, when, where, and why it’s important. Make a
list of the facts and information, as well as the more visceral hunches, feelings,
perceptions, assumptions and gossips around the situation. In this step, all the relevant
data is collected & taken into consideration to review the objective and begin to
innovate.

 18. What is Creative Problem Solving Process• c). PF - Problem Finding - Clarify the
Problem• In this step, we explore the facts and data to find all the problems and
challenges inherent in the situation, and all the opportunities they represent. This is
about making sure that we are focusing on the right problem. It is possible to come up
with the right answer to the wrong problem. Re-define what we want or what’s
stopping us.

 19. What is Creative Problem Solving Process2. Generate Ideas• d. ) IF - Idea Finding
-• Generating ideas is much more than brainstorming. During this step, be vigilant
about deferring judgment and coming up with wild, outrageous, out-of-the-box ideas.
This is where you explore ideas that are possible solutions. It’s also where you need to
stretch to make connections, take risks, and try new combinations to find potentially
innovative solutions.

 20. What is Creative Problem Solving Process3. Prepare for Action• e). SF - Solution
Finding – Select and Strengthen Solutions• First, try to strengthen and improve the
best ideas generated. Next, generate the criteria that needs to be considered to
evaluate the ideas for success. Apply that criteria to the good ideas and decide which
are most likely to solve the redefined problem. The best idea needs to meet criteria
that makes it actionable before it becomes the solution. A creative idea is not really
useful if it could not be implemented.•
  21. What is Creative Problem Solving Process• f). AF - Acceptance Finding• In this
step, look at who’s responsible, what has to be done by when, and what resources are
available in order to realize this idea as a full-fledged, activated solution.

 22. Creativity Problem Solving By Dr. Vijay Kr Khurana

Creative Problem Solving - A Step-by-Step Guide

Presentation Transcript
 1. Creative Problem Solving A step-by-step Guide

 2. In the next few slides you will learnan innovative approach to problem solving,
using the method called Systematic Inventive Thinking®

 3. The problemA gas company maintains a 3,000 mile pipeline.Somewhere in the pipe
there’s a tiny leakage,causing damage to the environment.The company is looking for
a fast and cost effectivesolution to locate the hole.

 4. We’d like to share a systematicapproach that leads to a simple, creative solution

 5. Problem Solving Technique – Step 1First, let’s list all existing componentsin the
scenario

 6. Problem Solving Technique – Step 1First, let’s list all existing componentsin the
scenario • pipeline • gas • animals • wind

 7. Problem Solving Technique – Step 2Now we’ll choose oneof the existing
components • pipeline • gas • animals • wind

 8. Problem Solving Technique – Step 3Let’s write down differentcharacteristics of

thechosen component

 9. Problem Solving Technique – Step 3Let’s write down differentcharacteristics of

thechosen component • color • smell • density • temperature • solid/liquid

 10. Problem Solving Technique – Step 4Choose one characteristic,multiply it and

changesomething in the copy • color • smell • density • temperature • solid/liquid

 11. Problem Solving Technique – Step 4Choose one characteristic,multiply it and

changesomething in the copy 3 types of gas, each with a different smell: sweet, bitter,
neutral

 12. Problem Solving Technique – Step 5Ask yourself – How could having 3
differenttypes of gas smell, help solve the leakage?

 13. By now, our systematic approachprobably got you some good ideas
 14. Here’s the simple solution that was really chosen

 15. Dead-animal smells added to the gas willattract certain animals, which will
gatheraround the leak. A high concentration of these animals will reveal the gas leak

 16. So how did this problem solved by the systematic approach?

 17. This is what we call“thinking inside the box”

 18. Systematically thought of ideas,within a “closed world” leads you tocreative

solutions that can be easily implemented

 19. And you can do it again. By usingSIT – Systematic Inventive Thinking®

 20. And you can do it again. By usingSIT – Systematic Inventive Thinking®

 21. Be an Innovative Manager!Boost your managements skills and outplayyour

market with SIT’s 3-day premiuminnovation training course.February 27-29,
2012NYC