Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Assignment 2
This ‘covering report’ describes the framework and methods employed in development of the
Individual Leadership Development Plan (ILDP) which is included in Appendices 1 of this
report. The framework has been constructed by drawing upon a number of sources
including, course material, journal articles, self and external assessments, reflections and
discussions with classmates, contemporaries and mentors.
The subject of the ILDP is Richard Tassone, the author of this report and the ILDP. Richard
is a long term employee with an employment history of over 13 years with Leighton
Contractors. Currently Richard is a Construction Manager on a $2.2 billion dollar oil and gas
project just outside of Darwin, where he leads team of 35 engineers and a workforce of over
250 workers. His long term objective is to progress beyond the operational or project
delivery roles to a business administrative or corporate role within the parent organisation
CIMIC.
Leighton Contractors recognise five core values which define how the company operates.
Table 1 maps the corporate values against the corresponding leadership behaviour.
Table 1 Relation between Leighton Contractor Values & Leadership Behaviours
Richard has come to recognise that effective leadership is not solely reliant on the leader but
the collaborators who form the team, the relational context in which leadership takes place
and the environment which the leader operates. This is substantiated by (McCullum & O'
Connell, 2009) who have identified that social capital is as important as the human capital in
both leadership and leadership development.
This approach is echoed by many studies examining the increasing complexity, turbulence
and unpredictability that organisations are required to operate in. Analyses conducted by
(Alimo-Metcalf, 1998), (Scott, et al., 2007), (Amagoh, 2009) and (Sheri-Lynne & Parbudyal,
2007) all theorise that there is no one definitive development process, but rather suggest
that there must be a ‘feedback loop’ in the development process that allows ingoing
refinement of the process. Subsequently, a degree of malleability has been built into the
ILDP, specifically with regard to the review process.
As a result, Richard aspires to become leader who is perceptive to the needs of the team so
that leadership behaviours are effectively employed in realisation of project and corporate
objectives. This supports with Richards leadership development vision of “To create
opportunities that will permit continuing advancement in my effectiveness, sensitivity and
authenticity as a leader”.
Methodology
The majority of leadership development effort narrowly focuses on transactional and
transformational leadership. However, there is a growing appreciation that development
must encompass a broader array of behaviours and competencies of ‘leaders’ and
‘followers’ in the development process (Pearce, 2007).
The approach utilised to formulate the ILDP draws upon a holistic approach to leadership
development as described by (Scott, et al., 2007). This methodology tackles leadership
development as four domains comprising;
Table 2 Development domains
1. Needs assessment
2. Education content and learning processes designed
3. Opportunity for engagement and practicing new skills & knowledge in a
real work setting
4. Support structure – ongoing mentoring/guidance, feedback and evaluation
5. Reward and improvement on deficiencies
The assessment of leadership effusiveness is a complex field. Currently the most common
technique for assessment of an individual’s ‘potential’ is the online Assessment Centre (AC).
The AC presents a series of assessment techniques including psychometrics and simulation
exercises to generate a performance assessment. A more common and readily available
approach is the solicitation of assessments by staff, peers and managers, essentially an
‘informal’ 360-degree assessment.
The needs assessments undertaken for the development of the ILDP were mainly informal
360-degree type assessments, however two AC type self-assessments were completed, one
associated with self-awareness, the other being the Herrmann Whole Brain Model. The
outputs of both these AC type assessments are included in Appendices 4. However, there
was concern that there may be an inconsistency between the AC and the informal 360-
degree type assessments. Research has demonstrated that 360-degree type assessments
undertaken by peers/staff/subordinates were superior predictors than AC scores of leader
effectiveness, particularly with regard to performance 2 to 4 years in the future (Alimo-
Metcalf, 1998). Therefore, the 360-degree type assessments ought to provide indispensable
predictors of leadership performance.
With the congruence evident between the four domains and the five practices, the informal
360-degree feedback assessments were based on the assessment tools in included in the
course materials in table 4.3 and 5.3. Summary of the results and analysis are included in
Appendix 3.
As showed in Table 3, items 1 through 3 were completed in both a self and external
assessment manner. This ‘dual’ assessment provided an opportunity to not only assess
performance against the assessment criteria, but more importantly provided a measure of
the degree of self-awareness related to the perception of leadership effectiveness.
Assessment item 4 was completed in the sequence of the coarse work, and provided insight
into the personality traits associated with the Factor Five model. These results while not
exclusively used as leadership behaviours provided additional context particularly with
regard to the self-awareness assessments.
Assessment item 5 was identified following the initial analysis of assessment items 1 through
3, particularly the application of the ‘Disparity Analysis’. The disparity analysis identified a
deficiency with regard to vision and leadership elements associated with self-awareness.
Assessment item 5 provided a candid evaluation and increased perception with regard to the
awareness of self. This forms the core of development plan by providing opportunity for
targeted reflection which offers a way to gain a greater understanding of ‘self’ (Densten &
Gray, 2001).
Analysis of the assessment results was approached in a progressive manner. For items 1
through 3, the external assessment rankings were discussed with the particular assessor.
This provided opportunity for the context of the assessment to be articulated as direct
feedback. The key elements of the feedback discussion were then recorded adjacent to the
specific associated element being assessed. Details of these notes are included in
Appendices 3, together with the assessment summaries.
After collecting the external assessment data, the disparity assessment was undertaken to
determine the level of self-awareness. This was then used in conjunction with the average
external assessment ratings to identify elements of weakness and strength with regard to
specific leadership behaviours.
The leadership development objectives were classified against the ACES leadership
domains and a classification topology proposed by (Scott, et al., 2007). The applicability of
Formal training has historically been the predominate centre for leadership development,
although it has been established that such a setting alone is insufficient for development to
occur (Scott, et al., 2007). It still fulfils an important role in development of analytic skills. No
developmental objectives in the ILDP rely on formal training.
On the job context is associated with actual job performance and is a key developmental
setting for leaders. This context provides occasion to apply behaviours and tools learned. It
also is an opportunity to alleviate bad habits and develop strengths through real world
practice. All of the developmental objectives in the ILDP include an ‘on the job’ development
context.
Organisational context not only encompasses organisational culture and values but identifies
the importance of alignment of the four ACES domains with the organisational culture. If
misalignment is present, developing leaders may neglect that aspect of development (Scott,
et al., 2007). There are no organisational context objectives in the ILDP.
Supervisor input in the process was limited to discussions relating the opinions formed
following researching leadership development, due both parties limited experience relating to
‘formal’ leadership development. This unexpectedly provided the opportunity for unbiased
discussion as to the process of assessment, analysis, objective design and plan
construction.
Discussions were held following the initial completion of the proposed strategy/structure for
each phase of the ILDP being; needs assessment, education and learning process, objective
definition, support definition, review proposal. This approach allowed development of a
framework that was then critically assessed with regard to desired outcome, practicality and
applicability.
Moreover, this process resulted in the realisation that self-awareness is the foundation on
which leadership is developed. Consequently, the agreement to ‘re-start’ the leadership
development process by revisiting self-awareness in a more structured process through the
ILDP, which is the first developmental objective.
Richard Tassone, (z3454258)
DST 10143 Assignment 2 - Individual Leadership Development Plan 6
Lessons Learnt
The process of constructing a ILDP was challenging. The facets of leadership discussed
within the course material only illuminated a very small part of a very diverse field.
The most significant realisation made during the ILDP construction was that it is not realistic
or beneficial to subscribe to a single leadership stratagem or lens. Initially this presented as
a contradiction, however after appreciating that leadership behaviour must be a response to
the contextual environment defined by the ‘leader’, the ‘followers’ and the environment in
which leadership was being displayed, structuring of the ILDP became somewhat less
problematic. Likewise, a leader could display a variety of leadership behaviours if the
followers and contextual environment benefited from such a practice.
This realisation led to the desire to re-boot the leadership development process by revisiting
self-awareness to address perceived ambiguities. The initial outcome was the realisation
that the apparent self-awareness was significantly out of alignment with the leadership
aspirations and was highlighted in the results of subordinate assessments of leadership
effectiveness.
Without proper self-awareness, further development would be less effective. Therefore, the
determination was made to invest time and effort in ensuring a deep self-awareness was
achieved and then maintained.
The realisation that leadership can be delivered as a hybrid arrangement of behaviours does
not then mean that the leadership models are inaccurate. The models are the best means of
describing and assessing leadership behaviours, however the interpretation of the
assessment results need to reflect the application or ‘hybrid’ context.
Amagoh, F., 2009. Leadership Development and Leadership Effectiveness. Management Decision,
47(6), pp. 989‐999.
Aoife McDermott, R. K. P. F., 2011. Understanding Leader Development. Leadership and
Organisation Development Journal, 32(4), pp. 358‐378.
Carlopio, J. & Andrewartha, G., 2008. Developing Self‐Awareness. Sydney: Pearson Education
Australia.
Day, D. & Harrison, M., 2007. A Multilevel, identy based approach to leadership development.
Human Resource Management Review, Volume 17, pp. 360‐373.
Densten, I. L. & Gray, H. J., 2001. Leadership Development and Reflection : What is the Connection.
The International Journal of Education Management, 15(3), pp. 119‐124.
Iain L Densten, J. H. G., 2001. Leadership Development and Reflection: What is the Connection?.
International Journal of Educational Management, 15(3), pp. 119‐124.
Kouzes, J. & Posner, B., 2012. The Leadership Challenge. 5th ed. San Fransisco: Jossey‐BAss.
McCullum, S. & O' Connell, D., 2009. Social capital and Leadership Development. Leadership and
Organisation Development Journal, 30(2), pp. 152‐166.
Pearce, C. L., 2007. The Future of Leadeship Development. Human Resource Management Review,
Volume 17, pp. 355‐359.
Scott, A. Q., David, A. W. & Benjamin, M. G., 2007. Developing holistic leders:Four Domains for
Leadership Development and Practice. Human Resource Management Journal, Volume 17, pp. 427‐
441.
Sheri‐Lynne, L. & Parbudyal, S., 2007. Leadership Development: Larning from Best Practices.
Leadership and Organisation Development Journal, 28(5), pp. 444‐464.
Key strengths:
a) Operational networking
b) Enabling leadership
c) Strategic thinking and awareness - macro awareness and understanding on
influences at micro level
d) Providing clarity of purpose, empowerment, support to develop effective positive
relationships
Key weaknesses:
a) Bringing consensus around personal, organisational and shared values
b) Inspire a shared vision
c) Personal and strategic networking
d) Inviting/provision of feedback
e) Challenging the process
f) Establish a balance between work and life – (minimising health/stress related issues)
your plan is aligned with the strategic direction and leadership needs of the
organisation.
If you don’t have a supervisor, then consider using a mentor (formal or
quality. If some of the features of high quality ILDPs are missing, consider
revising your plan to incorporate these features.
Clearly allocates work roles and accountability.
Works with team to develop best approach.
4 Structure and Plan 4 4 4 4 4 Clearly IDs minimum acceptable standards. 4.0 0.0 Clearly defines Team work and approaches Stgth
Ned to pursue team Does provide opportunity for members to
development. However develop skills, however can provide the solution Habit of not utilising training opportunities as they arise
Team still dependent on me to resolve current corporate climate to issues raised by team rather than utilise by providing the solution. Need to allow team members
5 Train & Develop the Team 3 issues/problems and direction 4 4 3 makes things difficult 3 opportunity to train and develop team capability. 3.5 ‐0.5 to make the decision. Wknss
Undertakes providing information to the team Provides team information about 'Big Picture' and context
about events outside team boundaries and to tasks being undertaken.
provides insight into possible impacts to internal Highly perceptive to strategic trends
Done very well. Highly perceptive to trends and team activities. Provides clarity around perceived Provides clarity where required
6 Sense Making 5 influence to team 4 4 4 5 ambiguity. 4.3 0.8 Stgth
Overly reliant on annual performance reviews.
Only discuss performance in rare cases of
significant under achievement. Need to provide
Not providing sufficient feedback to individuals. ongoing feedback to both good and bad as
7 Provide Feedback 3 Yearly PDR completed but insufficient 4 4 4 2 necessary 3.8 ‐1.8 Not providing timely/regular feedback Wknss
Applies stringent monitoring process to only
Not seeing evidence of monitoring team critical activities. Need to expand to wider team,
8 Monitor the Team 2 performance. Linked to feedback 4 5 4 3 thus allowing targeted feedback 3.8 ‐0.8 Increase monitoring to provide feedback to team Wknss
Relative to current situation Does manage team
provides little opportunity to boundaries, however need to Displays 'fierce pride' when managing team boundaries
manage external (client) balance internal cooperation Acts as intermediary for team and 'external' Acts as buffer to ensure minimal distraction from required
9 Manage Team Boundaries 4 3 influences 5 3 with external influences 5 parties. 3.8 1.3 tasks Stgth
Does not question team members as a whole, re‐ Could challenge the team more, associated with provision
10 Challenge the Team 4 4 4 4 3 assessment of key assumptions not 'routine' 4.0 ‐1.0 of feedback
Happy to contribute to team completion of tasks.
11 Perform Team Tasks 5 4 4 4 4 Perhaps to eager to 'Step Down' 4.3 ‐0.3 Willing to contribute to ensure team success
Tendency to get involved with problem solving
rather than assisting. Tend to 'just provide
solution' rather than working towards by
involving others. Does allow team to resolve Tendency to resolve the teams problems without
Still the teams problem solver ‐ Tend to step relationship related problems associated with challenging members to attempt resolution. Stepping
12 Solve Problems 3 down 4 4 4 3 accountabilities. 3.8 ‐0.8 Down from Leadership role Wknss
Needs greater attention to the
Current environment provision of resources in Currently 'hamstrung' by organisation
Current environment hamstrung. No tangible hamstrung. No tangible general. However currently arrangement. Has provided material resources Similar to Team Composition. Limited exposure to assess
13 Provide Resources 3 evidence visible 3 evidence visible 4 3 gaining valuable experience 3 to meet objectives. Need greater exposure 3.3 ‐0.3 capacity.
Does encourage team to make their own
decisions, but still allow members to come to me
looking for solution which I provide. Not
Still the teams problem solver ‐ Tend to step Still the teams problem solver ‐ encouraging team to undertake self assessment Stepping down to manage team as opposed to supporting
14 Encourage Team Self Management 3 down 3 Tend to step down 5 4 3 of performance other than annual PDR 3.8 ‐0.8 self management of team.
Social team gatherings lacking. Does undertake Could improve 'networking' within team and social
Social team gatherings lacking. Work gatherings regular work team gatherings. Socialisation and interaction.
15 Support social climate 4 evident ‐ Pizza/Laksa/Donuts 4 5 3 No evidence visible 3 networking needs improvement 4.0 ‐1.0 Provides some work based 'social climate' Little introverted. Wknss
55 out of 75 56 out of 75 64 out of 75 56 out of 75 51 out of 75 57.75 out of 75
15 No TEAM Leadership Fn
Kouzes & Posner FIVE PRACTICES of LEADERSHIP
Critical for the
Kouzes & Next 12Mths &
Mark Stinton Shane Butsch Karina Suchio Stuart Grant Richard Tassone Posner AVERAGE Disparity Score Strengths Weaknesses LDP
1 Model the Way
21 22 25 23 20 25 22.8
Ned to peruse team development.
However current corporate climate
2 Inspire a Shared Vision makes things difficult
Understands and is aware of the
Able to discuss the big picture and Does not discuss future prospects macro aspects within organisations
identify trends that will impact team beyond the scope of this current and the relationship to the micro
Talks about future trends influencing work 5 very strong 3 project. 4 4 5 elements 4.2 0.8 Very articulate and perceptive about strategic direction
Aware of future trends but need to
find voice about compelling Articulation of 'the future' needs Can improve the link between the big picture, my vision
Describes a compelling image of the future 4 3 Related to the above 4 3 communication 3 improvement. 3.4 ‐0.4 and the team vision
Aware of future trends but need to
find voice about compelling Articulation of 'the future' needs Can improve the link between the big picture, my vision
Appeals to others to share a dream of the future 4 3 Related to the above 3 3 communication 3 improvement. 3.2 ‐0.2 and the team vision
Able to map others interests onto Able through discussion describe team members can
Shows others how their interests can be realised 5 team objectives 4 4 4 4 4.2 ‐0.2 realise their interests
Connects the big picture to what the
team is working towards. Provides
Paints the ‘big picture’ of group aspirations 4 good context to the team plan 3 Related to the above 4 4 4 3.8 0.2
Ability to draw to gather project and
team objectives and identify trends
and their impact builds credibility in
Speaks with conviction about the meaning of work 4 the eyes of the team 4 4 4 4 4 0.0
26 20 23 22 23 20 22.8
Does manage team boundaries,
however need to balance internal
cooperation with external
influences
3 Challenge the Process
Mindful of challenging roles, not Identifies and pursues career progression with being
Seeks challenging opportunities to test their skills 5 fearful of the challenge. 4 4 4 5 4.4 0.6 'uncomfortable' and exposure to new aspects Stgth
Core belief is that people need to be given the
Challenges people to try new approaches 4 4 4 4 4 4 0.0 'opportunity to fail' so that they learn how to succeed
Identify with high performance. But Need to de‐couple from the
lacking in maintaining accountability organisational boundaries and look Tendency to be limited by organisational limits. Need to
Searches outside the organisation for innovative ways to improve 4 for low performers 4 3 4 3 beyond to innovation 3.6 ‐0.6 look outside the 'norm' Wknss
Not asking what the team can learn.
Tend to provide the solution to
readily. Does ask what I can learn Need to open the conversation Tend to ask myself what can I learn, Fails to demonstrate what 'we' (the team members) can
Asks ‘what can we learn?’ 3 though 3 about 'learning' to the wider team 4 4 3 but not the 'team' 3.4 ‐0.4 Does ask himself 'what can we or have we learnt' learn. Wknss
Monitoring could be expanded to
encompass non critical activities.
Makes certain that goals, plans, and milestones are set 4 4 5 4 3 Will assist in provision of feedback. 4 ‐1.0
4 Enable Other to Act
Very strong in this aspect
Careful of initial perception May
Develops cooperative relationships 4 come across as arrogant/boffin like. 4 5 3 No evidence visable 5 4.2 0.8
5 Encourage the Heart
Provision of regular feedback rather
poor. Does praise good Does not 'publically' recognise god
Praises people for a job well done 3 performance, but not regular 4 4 4 3 performance regularly 3.6 ‐0.6 Recognition of excellent performance Wknss
Expresses confidence in people’s abilities 4 4 4 4 4 4 0.0
This is related to feedback
discussions, understanding that
How to do ‐ Do we ask what people individuals value different rewards
Creatively rewards people for their contributions 3 want and then use that as a 'Carrot? 4 2 3 No evidence visable 2 differently 2.8 ‐0.8 Identification of 'creative' rewarding for contributions Wknss
Need to ensure the 'group value' is
well understood. Bit poor in Generally ‐ Recognition of
articulating personal value & Linked to weakness in inspiring a performance & commitment needs
Recognises people for commitment to shared values 3 aligning shared values 3 shared vision 3 4 2 greater focus 3 ‐1.0 Recognition of commitment to shared values Wknss
Rewarding of accomplishments
Finds ways to celebrate accomplishments 3 could be improved 4 4 3 No evidence visible 3 As above 3.4 ‐0.4 Failure to celebration of accomplishments
Gives team members appreciation and support 4 4 5 4 3 4 ‐1.0
20 23 22 22 17 15 21.8
5 Practices