2014C

Q.) A Laterally supported plate girder of 25m span carries a U.D.L of 60kN on the entire span and a
point load of 600kN at mid span.Design the girder cross section using steel of grade Fe 410.

SOL.

STEP 1:

𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝐼𝐿 𝑜𝑛 𝑔𝑖𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟

Self-weight of plate girder/m = 400

=5.25kN/m

Total load = 2231.25kN

(60+5.25)×252 600×25
Maximum bending moment in the plate girder = 8
+ 4

=8847.66kN.m

2231.25
Maximum S.F in the plate girder= 2
=1115.625kN

Factored B.M (M) =1.5×8847.66=13271.49kN

Factored shear force (v) =1.5×1115.625=1673.44kN

STEP2:

𝑀𝑧 𝑘 0.33 13271.49×180 0.33

Optimum depth (d) of web=( ) =( ) = 1965.55𝑚𝑚
𝐹𝑌 250

Let us adopt (d) =2200mm

𝑀𝑧 .33
Optimum thickness of web (𝑡𝑤 ) = (𝑓 2)
𝑦𝑘

13271.49×106 .33
=( 250×1802
)

=11.5mm

Let us adopt (𝑡𝑤 ) =16mm

Adopt a web plate=200× 16

Check the web thickness as per cl.8.6.1.1 and cl.8.6.1.2 (IS 800-2007)

𝑑 2200
𝑡𝑤
= 16
= 137.5 < 200
STEP3: DESIGN OF FLANGE

𝑀𝑧 𝛾𝑚𝑜 13271.49×106 ×1.10

Area of flange (𝐴𝑓 ) = =
𝑓𝑦 .𝑑 250×2200

=26542.98mm2

Width of flange=0.3xdepth of web=0.3x2200=660mm

26542.98
Thickness of flange (𝑡𝑓 ) = 660
=40.22mm

Adopt a flange plate of size660x45

Classification of section:

660−16
𝑏 2
𝑡𝑓
= 45
=7.15<8.4€ (REF. TAB.2)

Therefore, the section is plastic or class I

STEP4: check for moment capacity:

Bending strength (𝑀𝐷 ) =𝛽𝑏 .𝑍𝑝 .𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑚0

𝑧𝑝 = 𝑏𝑓 𝑡𝑓 (D-𝑡𝑓 )

= 600× 45(2290 − 45)

=66.67× 106 𝑚𝑚3

66.67×106 ×250
𝑀𝑑 = 1.1

= 15152.27 kNm > 13271.49 kNm

Therefore, the section is safe.

STEP 5:

Adopting simple post critical method,

𝑘𝑣 𝜋 2
𝜏𝑐𝑟𝑒 = 𝑑2
E
12(1−𝜇)( )
𝑡𝑤

5.35 𝜋2
= 2200 2 × 2 × 105
12(1−.32 )( )
16

=51.5 N/𝑚𝑚2
 𝑓𝑦𝑤
ƛ=√
√3𝜏𝑐𝑟𝑒

250
=√√3×52.5

=1.68 > 1.2

𝜏 𝑓𝑦 𝑤
𝑏=
√3ƛ𝑤 2

250
=
√3×1.682

= 51.14 KN/𝑚𝑚2

𝑉𝑐𝑟𝑒 = 𝐴𝑤 𝜏𝑏

= (2200 × 12) 51.14

=1800.125> 1673.44 𝐾𝑁

STEP 6- Design of connection between the flange plate & web plate

𝑉 𝐴𝑓
Shear stress = Y
2𝐼2

660×22903 644×22003
M.I of the I section= ( 12
- 12
)

=8.9× 1010 𝑚𝑚4

Where, Y=distance of C.G of 𝐴𝑓 from N.A

2200 45
= 2
+ 2

=1122.5mm

And, 𝐴𝑓= b.𝑡𝑓 =660×45

1673.44×660×45×1122.5
𝜏= 2×8.9×1010

=0.31kN/m

Design of weld:

Let, us provide 6mm size of fillet weld.

Effective throat thickness =0.7× 6 = 42𝑚𝑚

Effective area/mm length =4.2× 1 = 4.2mm2

Strength of weld/mm length = 𝑓𝑤𝑑 ×effective area (REF. CL. 10.5.7.1.1)

𝑓
Where, 𝑓𝑤𝑑 =𝛾𝑤𝑛
𝑚𝑤

𝑓 410
=√3×𝛾𝑢 = =189.37N
𝑚𝑤 √3×1.25

Strength of weld/mm length = 189.37×4.2

=795N/mm

=0.795kN/mm>0.31kN/mm

Therefore, the weld design is safe.

Q: For the plate girder designed in previous question design the bearing stiffeners as per IS : 800-
2007

Design of Stiffeners
Check the capacity of unstiffened web:
1) Bearing:
b1 = 100 mm (assumed)
n2 = 2.5×45 =112.5 mm
(b1 + n2) = 212.5 mm
Also, FW= (b1 + n2).tw.fyw/γmo /cl 8.7.4.1
= 212.5×16×250/1.10
= 772.73 KN < 1673.44 KN
 NOT SAFE
2) Buckling:
b1 = 100 mm; n1 = 1100 /ref: 8.7.3.1
Effective length (le) = .7×2200
λ= le/r
& r= √(I/A) = d/√12
= 4.62 mm
λ= (.7 ×2200)/4.62 = 333.33
 fcd= 22.5 /ref: table 9(c)
Now, F=(b1 + n1).tw.fcd
=1200×16×22.5
=432 KN < 1673.44 KN
 Unstiffened web is not safe in buckling.
 Therefore provide end bearing stiffeners.

3) Let, Thickness of stiffener plate = 16mm

Width of plate = 14.tw.ɛ
=14×16×1 = 224 mm
Coping = 15 mm
Effective area in bearing of each stiffener = 209×16
Bearing force to be resisted by stiffeners = (1673.44 ˗ 772.73) KN = 900.71 KN
Now, Fpsd= Aq.fyq/(0.8γmo)
= (209×16×2)×250/(0.8×1.10)
= 1900 KN > 900.71 KN
 SAFE IN BEARING

4) Check for buckling:

Effective length = 0.7×2200 = 1940 mm
λ = le/rx
Also, rx = √Ixx/A
A= (328×16 + 224×2×16)
=12416 mm2
Ixx = (328×163/12) + { (16×2243/12) + (16×224×1222) }×2
= 1304608222 mm4
 rx = √Ixx/A = 324.15 mm ≈ 325 mm
 λ = le/rx = 1540/325 = 4.74
Now, on solving for KL/rx taking fy= 250 ; we get fcd= 227 /ref: table 9(d)
Therefore, P= fcd × A
= 2818432 N
= 2818.432 KN > 1673.44 KN
 SAFE IN BUCKLING
Now, Connection of stiffener to web by fillet weld:
Length of fillet weld = 2200-15-15
= 2170 mm
Also, strength of fillet weld ≥ tensile strength of stiffener plate
Size of stiffener plate = 209×16 = 3344 mm2

Now, Tdn = 0.9.An.fu/γm1

= {0.9×(209×16)×410}/1.25
= 987148.8 N ≈ 987.15 KN
Strength of fillet weld/mm length ≥ 987.15/(2×2170)
= 0.23 KN/mm
Let us provide 5mm fillet weld:
 S=5
 le = 0.7×5 = 3.5 mm
Effective area = 3.5×1
= 3.5 mm2
Now, fwd = fwn/γmw = fu/(√3×γmw)
= 410/(√3×1.25) = 189.37 N/mm2
Now, strength of weld /mm length = fwd × effective area
= 189.37 × 3.5
= 662.795 N/mm
≈ 0.662795 KN/mm
 WELD PROVIDED IS SAFE