806 - Water and Sewage System

Louis Berger S.A.
806. WATER SUPPLY AND SEWAGE SYSTEM
Romania – Motorway Bucharest – Constanta, Subsections Drajna – Fetesti and Fetesti – Cernavoda
Detailed Engineering Study, Procurement Services and Supervision of Civil Works
Technical Specifications Page 806 - 1
Louis Berger S.A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION DESCRIPTION PAGE

NUMBER
806.1. General...................................................................................................806 - 3
806.1.1. Description.......................................................................................806 - 3
806.1.2. Reference Documents....................................................................806 - 6
806.2. Materials.................................................................................................806 - 6
1. Sanitary installations.....................................................................................806 - 6
2. Water supply.................................................................................................806 - 7
3. Water sewage system..................................................................................806 - 7
806.3. Execution of works.................................................................................806 - 7
806.3.1. Sanitary installation............................................................................806 - 7
806.3.2. Water networks...................................................................................806 - 8
806.3.3. Sewege system................................................................................806 - 11
806.3.4. Hidraulic plants.................................................................................806 - 12
806.4. Quality control for acceptance............................................................806 - 13
806.5. Control of work performances in time...............................................806 - 13
Louis Berger S.A.
806.1. General
806.1.1. Description
The present documentation includes technical specifications for the execution of

sanitary installations works at the buildings, of water supply works and of the used
water sewage system.
Drawing governing the works

A. Parking for short time:
public WC – sanitary installations;
water network and sewage pit;
drilling pit – hydraulic plants;
septic tank – hydraulic plants;
used water-pumping station – hydraulic plants;
pumping sewage main.
B. Center of maintenance and co-ordination and taxation station:

service building at taxation station – sanitary installation;
operating building – sanitary installation;
drilling pit – hydraulic plants;
tank 200 m³ and pumps station and hydrophore – hydraulic plants;
decanter apparatus separator of oil and mud and circulating – hydraulic plants;
vertical decanter (IMHOFF) – hydraulic plants;
used water pumping station – hydraulic plants;
pumping sewage main.
Calculation summary of portable water requirements

Water discharge requirement for hygienic and sanitary necessities calculated
according to STAS 1343/1/89.
Qs day med = Kp x Ks x (qsp x Ni) / 1000 [m³/day]
Parking for short time and service room
Staff taken into account: 6600 pers. – qs = 5 l/man day
Qs day med = 1.10 x 1.02 x (6600 x 5)/1000 = 37 m³/day

Qs day max = 1.10 x 1.02 x 1.4 x (6600 x 5)/1000 = 51.84 m³/day
Qs hourly max = 1.10 x 1.02 x (2.8 x 6600 x 5)/24 x 1000 = 6.06 m³/h =
= 1.68 l/s
Center of maintenance and coordination

Staff taken into account
- 6 pers. qsp = 280 l/man day
- 75 pers. qsp = 50 l/ man day
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- 60 pers. qsp = 20 l/ man day
Qs day med = 1.1 x 1.02 x (6 x 280 + 75 x 50 + 60 x 20) / 1000 = 7.43 m³/day

Qs day max = 1.1 x 1.02 x 1.15 x (6 x 280 + 75 x 50 + 60 x 20)/1000 = 8.46 m³/day
Qs hourly max = 1.1 x 1.02 x 2.8 x [1.4 (6 x 280 + 75 x 59 + 60 x 20)]/24 x 1000 =
= 0.99 m³/h = 0.28 l/s
Toll station
Staff taken into account
Qs day med = 1.1 x 1.02 x (3 x 50 + 30 x 20)/1000 = 0.84 m³/day
Qs day med = 1.1 x 1.02 x 1.15 (3 x 50 + 30 x 20) / 1000 = 0.96 m³/day
Qs hourly max = 1.1 x 1.02 x 2.8 [1.15 (3 x 50 + 30 x 20)]/ 24 x 1000 =
= 0.11 m³/h = 0.03 l/s
Water discharge for fire protection

Water discharge for fire protection by hydrants – for C.I.C.
According to STAS 1478-90 rezult: Qii = 5 l/s
Qie = 15 l/s
Dimensioning of the water utilization system.

Capacity of water storage tank – according to STAS 1478-90:
Vrez = Vinc
Vinc = Te ( a x Qs hourly max + 3.6 x n x Qie – Qsi) + 3.6 Qii x Ti [m³]
Te = 3 hours
a =1
Qs orar max = 0.99 mc/h
n = 1
Qie = 15 l/s
Qsi = 0
Qii = 5 l/s
Ti = 10 min.
.Qref inc = Vinc/36 = 4.65 m³/h = 1.29 l/s
Water discharge for car wash:
Qday max = 1 m³/day
Used water discharge

Used water discharge resulted from the water and for hygienically –
sanitary needs is :
Qn day med = 0.8 Qs day med

Qn day max = 0.8 Qs day max
Qn hourly max = 0.8 Qs hourly max
Parking for short time and service room:

Qn day med = 0.8 x 37 = 22.6 m³/day
Qn day max = 0.8 x 51.84 = 41.47 m³/day
Qn hourly max = 0.8 x 1.68 = 1.34 l/s
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Center of maintenance and co-ordination and taxation station:

Qn day med = 0.8 x 7.43 = 5.9 m³/day
Qn day max = 0.8 x 8.46 = 6.76 m³/day
Qn hourly max = 0.8 x 0.28 = 0.22 l/s
Taxation station:
Qn day med = 0.8 x 0.84 = 0.67 m³/day
Qn day max = 0.8 x 0.96 = 0.77 m³/day
Qn hourly max = 0.8 x 0.03 = 0.024 l/s
According to STAS 12400/88 and to Law no. 10 referring to quality, the designed
water supply and sewage works complies with the following performance criterions:
- strength and stability;
- hygiene, health and reliability of service;
- against fire.
Strength and stability
In order to assure the installation elements there will be used materials (pipes,
reinforcements, connecting pieces, sanitary objects, supporting pieces) according to
the standards for product.
Thus, for hot and cold water supply pipes made of longitudinally welded steel tubes for
installations, STAS 7656 are foreseen, and for sewage leaking cast iron tubes STAS
1515-84 be used.
The pipes shall be supported by clamps or girdles according to Normative I 9-1994.
The water supply pipes will be made of dense polyethylene tubes, buried directly into
the ground, under the frost depth, or in concrete channels. The polyethylene tubes will
be mounted on a sans bed and they will be covered with sand, up to 40 – 50 cm above
the pipes superior generator.
The water pipes located in the pump and house water supply plant of the water
utilization station will be made of steel tubes.
The pipes will be fixed on the construction elements by means of clips and saddles.
The sewage network it was equipped with simple concrete conduit with gravitational
flow. The sewerage pipes will be assembled buried in land under the frost depth. The
pipes will be assembled on a bed of sand.
The discharge pipes has been equipped with high density polyethylene and it will be
posed under the frost depth in a sand stratum of 10 cm under the pipe and of 40 – 50
cm above the pipe.
At the rails on railroad under-passage, the pipe will be mount in a steel protection pipe.
The pipes from the pump-station have been equipped with steel pipe supported by
clamps from the construction elements.
Hygiene, health and reliability of service

Sanitary installations.
The used materials, the mounting conditions, the provision of pipe’s sealing, avoiding
of water standstill in the distribution network ensure the drinkable water.
The provision of clean-out opening, hydraulic guards, ventilation columns and
protection caps at the sewage pipes prevents the penetration of stinks from the
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sewage system and the occurrence of animals (cockroaches, rodents) in the sewage
pipes.
Water supply.
The used materials (polyethylene pipes for distribution and zinc – coated steel pipes
(in the water utilization station) together with the achievement of tightness at pipes’
mounting assure the potable quality of the water.
Sewage water system.
The sewerage pipes with gravitational flow has been equipped for the assembling of
slopes, which provide a fast drain as well as self- clearing speed.
At the direction changes or from 50 to 50 m’s have been equipped visiting hostels for
the following of functioning flow.
The pump-stations are equipped with ventilation plants one of them movable and the
other one stable, so they can be visited.
Fire hazard
The water utilization station allows keeping the water reserve necessary for fire
extinction.
The execution of a loop network for water distribution assures the continuous supply of
water to the hydrants.
806.1.2. Reference Documents
1. I 9 -1994 Norm concerning the design and the execution of the sanitary
installations
2. GP 043-1999 Guide for design, execution and use of water supply and sewage
systems, with tubes of PVC, polyethylene and polypropylene.
3. P 96-1996 Guide for design and execution of sewage installation at buildings for
superficial meteorological water
4. STAS 816/80 Simple concrete tubes
5. STAS 1515/84 Cast iron tubes
6. STAS 404/2/87 Steel tubes for constructions
7. STAS 7656-80 Steel tubes for installations
8. C.B.5-6-7-8/1993 Regulations regarding the labor protection and hygiene in
construction works
9. MLPAT 1210/94 and Order and Decision no. 60/97 concerning the fire protection
10. C56 Norm for quality control and partial acceptance of construction and
their installations.
11. Law nr. 10/ 1995 Low of quality in civil constructions
806.2. Materials
1. Sanitary installations
For cold and hot water supply will be made pipes of longitudinally welded steel tubes,
fine – coated STAS 7656-80. On the supply pipes closing taps with sphere will be
mounted.
The thermal insulation protection will be made with insulating tubes type
Armaflex and the thermal insulation protection will be made with a sheet of
plastic material.
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The pipes will be supported by metallic clamps.

The sewage pipes shall be made of leaking cast iron tubes – STAS 1515.
Sanitary objects will be made of sanitary porcelain. At the sanitary object fittings
– STAS 9143-86 are provided (mixer batteries, leaking valves, leaking drain
drapes).
2. Water supply
The distribution pipes to the users and the connection pipes to the water
utilization station will be made of dense polyethylene tubes.
3. Water sewage system

For the achievement of the sewerage gravitational system has been used
simple concrete tubes combined with couplings.
The pipes from the pressure engine are equipped with steel tubs.
The discharge pipe is equipped with high-density polyethylene.
806.3. Execution of works
806.3.1. Sanitary installation

1. Execution of sanitary installation
Before starting the execution, the layout of water supply and sewage pipes
provided in the project shall be carefully studied.
The execution of water supply and sewage installations shall be co-ordinate,
with the other installations (heating, power supply).
Pipes passing through walls, floors or foundations will be done through the voids
specified in the construction project and which the constructor has the obligation
to carryout.
In case the voids are missing, they will be executed by drilling in the
construction elements, with the approval of the strength engineer.
The mounting of the pipes will comply with the layout provided in the project,
observing the specified slopes.
The joining of zinc-coated tubes for water supply pipes will be done by screwing
up and using cast iron fittings.
The fittings must allow manual screwing up till half, or maximally three quarters
of the thread length. The sealing will be done with minimum paste (red lead
paste).
The pipes will be supported by clamps.
The thermal insulation of the pipes will be provided by insulating tubes type
Armaflex mounted by gluing. The thermal insulation will be protected at the
exterior by a sheet of plastic material.
The joining of the tubes and the special pieces of leaking cast iron will be
mounting on the inverse direction of the used water flow. The joining will be
sealed with tarred rope and lead. The tube connection to the columns will be
made only at 45°. On the sewage columns cleaning pieces will be mounted at
the columns base.
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The sewage columns will be extended by ventilation columns, which must

exceed by 50 cm the roof level.
The ventilation columns will be protected at the top with a cap of zinc-coated
sheet.
2. Quality control for acceptance
The hot and cold water pipes will be subject to the following tests:
- tightness hydraulic – pressure test ;
- tightness warm test for hot water pipes ;
- running-in test for cold and hot water pipes.
Both the tightness hydraulic pressure test and the tightness warm test will be
performed before the mounting of service fittings at the sanitary objects, the pipes
extremities being obtruded by flanges or plugs.
The test pressure will be equal to 1,5 times the pressure of normal operation,
but not smaller than 6 bars.
The pressure in the pipes will be provided by a pump of hydraulic tests and it
will be read on a manometer mounted on the pump.
The pipes will be maintained under pressure at least 20 minutes. During this
period it is not allowed to decrease the pressure.
The running-in test will be performed after the mounting of the fittings at the
sanitary objects.
The verification will be done by simultaneously opening the consumption taps.
The inner sewage pipes will be subjected to:
- the tightness test ;
- the running in test.
At the tightness tests the tightness on the pipe layout and at the joining points will be
checked.
The tightness test consists of filling the pipes with water up to the level of
repression by the drain traps of the floor or of the sanitary objects.
For the running-in test the sanitary object will be supplied with water and the
leaking conditions will be verified.
806.3.2. Water networks

1. Execution of water works
1.1. Mounting technology
Mounting technology for pipes made of dense polyethylene tubes involves:
a) primary stages :
- marking of pipes layout ;
- preparation of pipe’s layout (clearing of land and arrangement of approaches
along the layout for materials supply and handling) ;
- acceptance, selection and transport of the tubes and the other materials
afferent to the execution.
b) execution stages:
- execution of trenches ;
- launching of the pipes into the trenches ;
- pipes assembling by welding ;
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- partial execution of fillings.

c) tests and putting into service stage:
- pipe testing on sections ;
- recovery of defects ;
- connection of sections ;
- overall test of the pipe, completion of fittings and rehabilitation of the land
according to its initial destination ;
- washing and disinfecting of the pipes;
- putting into service at the operating pressure and checking the pipe capacity;
- general acceptance of the pipe.
Work reports will be elaborated by the Beneficiary and the Constructor, recording the
test type and the results of such tests regarding the following operations:
- layout marking ;
- pipe testing on sections ;
- execution of fillings and rehabilitation of the land according to its initial
destination ;
- putting into service at the operating pressure and checking the pipe capacity.
These Specifications enclose the Regulations and the Instructions for the execution of
embankments, joining of polyethylene tubes, pressure tests, labor protection that are in
force during the execution of the works.
1.2. Layout and leveling

Before starting the works, according to the delivery – receiving document, the
Constructor will materialize in situ the pipe layout according to the design drawings,
marking the characteristic points (angle peaks, manholes, etc.) by bollards and stakes.
In case the design marking elements are not sufficient or there are incompatibilities
between the situation of the site and the design one, the Designer will be asked to
provide clarifications.
The digging depth will be exactly assessed by means of level rules and aiming cross in
order to assure the design levels and the continuous slopes.
1.3. Digging
The execution of the digging will start after the complete organization of the works and
purchase of the polyethylene tubes and of the other necessary materials so that the
trench would not remain open more than strictly necessary.
The trenches digging will start according to a detailed pipe execution chart, elaborated
by the Constructor based on the site’s operation possibilities.
The digging will be executed manually or mechanically, according to the provisions of
the design.
The digging on the last 20 – 30 cm thick layer above the layout level will be executed
manually, just before laying down the tubes, in order to achieve the pipe bed uniformity.
The pipe bed will fit up by well – compacted sand.
The earth resulted from the digging will be stored on only one side of the trench and on
the other side there will be executed the works for assembling the pipe. The distance
between the earth deposit slope bottom and the trench edge has to be of 0,50 m at
least.
1.4. Transport and storage of the polyethylene tubes

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The polyethylene tubes are flammable so that they require that some precautions be
taken regarding the transport and handling operations.
The contact of the tubes with materials attacking the polyethylene (combustibles,
solvents) will be avoided.
The straight tubes have to be supported, as possible, on their entire length during
transport. The tubes pile should not exceed the 1 m height, and the drums will be
placed on their flat side.
The pulling of the tubes or of the coils on the ground has to be avoided. The streaks
and starches depth should not exceed 10 % of the tube wall thickness.
The outdoor storage of the polyethylene tubes will not be allowed, nor will they be laid
down in high temperature conditions, due to the necessity to avoid their exposure to
any contraction stresses.
The laying down of the tubes will be executed with wide undulations that will
compensate the contraction and the dilatation.
1.5. Pipes mounting and layout

When the tubes are supplied on the site, the “quality certificate” will be checked,
together with their sizes and characteristics.
The tubes will be mounted by butt weld. Before mounting, the pipe ends have to be
clean and polished.
The elements that will be welded should have the possibility to move longitudinally.
1.6. Execution of fillings

For filling the trench up to 0.7 – 0.8 m above the pipe there will be employed sand.
The filling and the compaction will be executed manually.
During the execution of the fillings, the joints located in the layouts will be maintained
uncovered, until the completion of the pressure test.
The trench will be filled above the sand layer with material resulted from the digging.
After the test performed on sections, the trench will be completely filled, leaving
uncovered the joints between sections, which will be covered after the general test.
The earth surplus will be transported in pre-established places, with the agreement of
the Local Authorities.

The pipes will be subject to the pressure test on sections.
The length of the test sections will be assessed according to the local specific
conditions.
Before starting the pressure test, all the reinforcements have to be mounted on these
pipe sections.
The line and branch valves will be protected during the blank flange test.
The test pressure will be two times bigger than the operation pressure. The piles will
be kept under pressure for two hours while the pressure decrease in the tested section
should not exceed 10 % of the test pressure.
After the total completion of the works a general test will be performed on its entire
length, in operation conditions. The tightness will be checked, especially at the links
between the sections.
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Then the pipes will be washed by pure water. The washing discharge has to provide a
water circulation velocity of min. 1.5 m/s not less than the flow velocity in ordinary
conditions.
Not later than three days after their washing, the pipes will be disinfected by means of
a chlorine substance what will be kept in the plant for 24 hours.
806.3.3. Sewage system
1. Execution of sewage system

1.1. Layout and leveling
Before the works’ start on the base of the official report delivery-receiver of the
site, the Constructor will materialize on the filed the pipes direction with land
marks or piles. In case of the layout elements from the project are insufficient or
they are incongruity between the situation from field and project will be solicited
an explication from the Designer.
The digging depth will be determinate exactly to assure the discharge slopes
and the protection against the frost.
1.2. Execution of trenches

The trench digging will start in accordance with a detailed graphic of the network
execution made by the Constructor based on the work possibilities of the site.
The trench will be done manually or mechanized in accordance with project’s
provisions.
The trench of the last layer is of 20 – 30 m above the laying level, will be done
only manually immediately before the pipe laying for the achievement of a
uniformity of pipe’s port.
The pipes will be mounted on a bed of sand of 5 – 10 cm will consolidated,
The soil resulted from the trench will be deposited on one part of the trench, the
opposite part of the one which on is working to the pipe’s assemblage. The
distance between the slope leg of the storage soil and trench’s edge must be
made of at least 0.50 m.
1.3. Transport and storage of tubes

The transport, the handling and the storage of the simple concrete tubes will be
made in accordance with STAS 816/80, by protecting them by blows and
shocks.
Their handling will be made in generally with mechanical lifting means. It is
forbidden the tubes discharge by free flow. Their storage will be done
horizontally, directly, tube on tube with the insertion of the coupling extremity.
Because the polyethylene pipes are inflammable, they need special treatment
regarding the transport and handling operations. It must be avoided the pipes’
contact with materials which attach the polyethylene (fuels, solvents).
Straight pipes must support each other during the transport, if it is possible on
their entire length. The pipes’ stack must not pass beyond 1 m.
The polyethylene pipes are not storage to the sun.
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1.4. Launching and mounting of pipes

The launching in trench of the concrete tubes will be made manually or
mechanical with the biggest attention to avoid any concussion of these.
To catch them it is recommended the large belts use avoiding in this way the
deterioration of the superficial layer.
The concrete tulles’ connection will be performed in wet system with cement
mortar and a concrete shoulder. Before the execution of the attachment, the
tubes’ extremities will be brushed and washed with water.
The visiting hostler will be executed in accordance with the prescriptions of
STAS 2448-82, using the specified elements prefabricated.
The polyethylene tubes will be assembled by weld.
The tube extremities must be adjusted just before the wielding so that they are
perfectly parallel.
1.5. Execution of fillings

The trenches filling at the sewage pipes of concrete and polyethylene tubes will
be produced with sand 0.7 – 0.8 m above pipe’s generator and then with soil
resulted from the trench.
The filling and consolidation will be made manually.
The soil over plus will be transported in pre-established places with the local
organ agreement.

At the sewage pipes with gravitational flow realized from simple concrete tubes, the
tightness test will be executed by filling in the channel with water for 24 hours.
At the sewage network under pressure with polyethylene tubes will be executed
a pressure tightness test on transoms and a general test after the assemblage
of the transoms’ tightness.
The testing pressure will be of 2 x Pressure transoms are maintained at this
pressure about 2 hours when the pressure must not have a reduction bigger
then 10 % of its value.
806.3.4. Hydraulic plants

Before starting the execution of the works, the technical and qualitative compliance of
the materials with the design will be checked.
The pipes will be mounted according to the drawings, taking into account the
possibility of fabricating on the bench, on reference marks.
The prefabricated sections should not feature more than three bends.
After the execution of the reference marks by means of welding points, they will
be temporarily fixed in order to achieve the installation layout, performing also
the connection sections between the plants and the prefabricated reference
marks.
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Then the reference marks will be dismantled one by one and weld definitively
the bench. After the execution of the definitive welding, a tightness test will be
carried out for each section of the bench.
The sections welded definitively, zinc – coated and tested will be mounted in the
installation. After checking the exactness of the layout, a final pressure and
running-in test will be carried out, then the pipes will be thermally insulated, by
gluing the Armaflex insulating plates.
806.4. Quality control for acceptance

Quality control for acceptance of sewage works shall be made in accordance with
Normative I. 9-94 and provisions of this specification from above items.
Also, it will be followed if the execution of the works has been made in
accordance with the provisions from the project namely:
- compliance of trenches ;
- compliance of pipes’ dimensions ;
- compliance of assemblage slopes of the pipes ;
- stiffness of plant elements fixing on the strength element ;
- combinations’ quality.
For the hidden works will be made the execution check during the execution and
phase reception reports will be done for this kind of works, in accordance with quality
plan of contractor approved by Engineer and quality plan of designer, with approval of
State Inspection in Construction.
The works reception will be made in the presence of the Investor and after
finishing the Reception Official Report, the functional scheme of the installation
and exploitation instructions will be handed over to the Investor.
806.5. Control of work performances in time

The employer will do pursuit of works behavior in time in accordance with
Normative P130/88 by the technical exploitation of the work.
Within the framework of current pursuit activity will have a special attention to:
- water’s flow through the gravitational sewage network ;
- pipes’ tightness ;
- distortion of the conducts’ layout.

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Louis Berger S.A.

806. WATER SUPPLY AND SEWAGE SYSTEM

SECTION DESCRIPTION PAGE

The present documentation includes technical specifications for the execution of

Drawing governing the works

B. Center of maintenance and co-ordination and taxation station:

Calculation summary of portable water requirements

Qs day med = Kp x Ks x (qsp x Ni) / 1000 [m³/day]

Parking for short time and service room

Staff taken into account: 6600 pers. – qs = 5 l/man day

Qs day med = 1.10 x 1.02 x (6600 x 5)/1000 = 37 m³/day

Center of maintenance and coordination

- 60 pers. qsp = 20 l/ man day

Qs day med = 1.1 x 1.02 x (6 x 280 + 75 x 50 + 60 x 20) / 1000 = 7.43 m³/day

Water discharge for fire protection

Dimensioning of the water utilization system.

Water discharge for car wash:

Qday max = 1 m³/day

Used water discharge

Qn day med = 0.8 Qs day med

Parking for short time and service room:

Center of maintenance and co-ordination and taxation station:

Hygiene, health and reliability of service

806.1.2. Reference Documents

The pipes will be supported by metallic clamps.

3. Water sewage system

806.3. Execution of works

806.3.1. Sanitary installation

The sewage columns will be extended by ventilation columns, which must

806.3.2. Water networks

- partial execution of fillings.

1.2. Layout and leveling

1.4. Transport and storage of the polyethylene tubes

1.5. Pipes mounting and layout

1.6. Execution of fillings

2. Quality control for acceptance

806.3.3. Sewage system

1. Execution of sewage system

1.2. Execution of trenches

1.3. Transport and storage of tubes

1.4. Launching and mounting of pipes

1.5. Execution of fillings

2. Quality control for acceptance

806.3.4. Hydraulic plants

806.4. Quality control for acceptance

806.5. Control of work performances in time

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