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    Suryansh Kabra
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    This document summarizes key organic reactions and concepts. It discusses (1) nomenclature and the benzene structure, (2) common reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkanols, haloalkanes, and benzene such as combustion, substitution, addition, oxidation, and esterification, and (3) important organic chemistry concepts including enthalpy of hydrogenation, functional groups, isomers, and electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution. Useful websites for learning more about organic chemistry nomenclature, reaction mechanisms, isomers, and optical activity are also provided.

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    This document summarizes key organic reactions and concepts. It discusses (1) nomenclature and the benzene structure, (2) common reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkanols, haloalkanes, and benzene such as combustion, substitution, addition, oxidation, and esterification, and (3) important organic chemistry concepts including enthalpy of hydrogenation, functional groups, isomers, and electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution. Useful websites for learning more about organic chemistry nomenclature, reaction mechanisms, isomers, and optical activity are also provided.

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    30 views28 pages

    10.org

    Uploaded by

    Suryansh Kabra
    This document summarizes key organic reactions and concepts. It discusses (1) nomenclature and the benzene structure, (2) common reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkanols, haloalkanes, and benzene such as combustion, substitution, addition, oxidation, and esterification, and (3) important organic chemistry concepts including enthalpy of hydrogenation, functional groups, isomers, and electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution. Useful websites for learning more about organic chemistry nomenclature, reaction mechanisms, isomers, and optical activity are also provided.

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    of 28

    Summary of organic reactions:

    Nomenclature: Pearson
    Benzene structure support

    Enthalpy of hydrogenation of benzene…. Physical properties of :


    A:Homologous series vs different functional groups
    Reaction of :

    I. Alkane:
    1. Combustion: burning in the presence of oxygen
    2. Substitution reaction of alkanes: halogenation

    II. Alkenes: Electrophilic addition reaction


    A. Addition of hydrogen
    B. Addition of halogen:

    C. Addition of hydogen halide:

    D. Addition of water:
    III. Alkanol:
    A. Combustion:

    B. Oxidation in the presence of dichromate


    Tertiary alcohol: no reaction
    C. Esterification:


    IV. Haloalkanes: Nucleophilic substitution

    Effect of haloalkane:
    Bond strength:

    Effect of solvent:
    V: Benzene: Electrophilic substitution

    Nitration:
    VI: Reduction:
    A. Carbonyl compounds:
    B. Nitrobenzene
    (-): in spearmint, peppermint, pine needles, star anise

    (+): in lemon and orange


    Butan-2-ol and 2-chlorobutane
    Polarimeter:
    Website:Nomenclature: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7wavimfNFE

    http://www.yteach.co.uk/page.php/resources/view_all?id=alkan_cycloalkan_carbon_element_structure_branch_boiling_point_
    t_page_11&from=search

    Green house effect: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTvqIijqvTg


    Movie Mechiansm: http://cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/science/chemistry/mech_e/Tutorial_29092007.swf
    http://cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/science/chemistry/s67chem/reaction_mechanism_animation_e.swf
    http://ochem.orgfree.com/
    http://www.chemistry.mcmaster.ca/~chem2o6/movies/
    Isomers:
    http://www.yteach.co.uk/page.php/playlists/page?id=playlist_97095&rid=17344&item=isomer_structural_isomerism_chain_fu
    nctional_group_stereoisomerism_geometric_optical_activity_t_page_1&from=search&bid=

    http://www.learnerstv.com/Free-Chemistry-video-lecture-courses.htm

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBtgAz70_JY:optical

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oEUQQhq60ww

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