INTRODUCTION

DESIGN SURFACE CRACK WIDTH

As per IRS Concrete Bridge Code: 1997
The design crack width may be calculated from the following equation:

3 acr . ∈m ¿
Design surface Crack width = 2(a cr −c nom )
1+
(h−dc)
¿
Where, cnom = is the minimum cover to the tension steel;
acr = is the distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar

em = is the average strain at the level where cracking is being considered calculated
allowing for the stiffening effect of the concrete in the tension zone; this may be
obtained from the equation:

e1 - 3.8bth(a'-dc)10-3 1- Mq x10-9
em = esAs(h - dc) Mg

Where, bt = is the width of the section at the centroid of the tension steel;
a' = is the distance from the compression face to the point at which the crack width
is being calculated;
h = is the overall depth of the member;
e1 = is the average strain at the level where cracking is being considered, calculated
ignoring the stiffening effect of the concrete in the tension zone;
dc = is the depth of the neutral axis found from the analysis to determine e1;
As = is the area of tension reinforcement.

The crack width is calculated fro the load case 1, Normal Load Case. The calculation is given in the following
pages.
STUP Consultants P. Ltd Date: 12.03.2018 Note No.: 9114/E/DN-54-01

By: BK Sheet No.:

DESIGN SURFACE CRACK WIDTH - FOR BOTTOM SLAB
DIMENSION DETAILS

bt = Width of the section at the level of the

1. = 1000 mm
centroid of the tension steel
2. h= Overall depth of the section = 800 mm

800

1000

BAR DETAILS
1. No. of Layers of Main Bar = 2
2. Diameter of Main Bar Outer Layer = 32 mm
3. Diameter of Main Bar Inner Layer = 32 mm
4. Diameter of Outer Link = 0 mm
5. Diameter of Spacer Bar = 32 mm
6. Spacing of Main Bar = 110 mm - c/c

Section 32 mm Outer layer main bar

Surface 32 mm Spacer Bar
75 mm Clear Cover

32 mm Inner layer main bar

MATERIAL PARAMETERS
1. Grade of Concrete = 35
2. Modulous of Elasticity of Concrete Ec = 29.5 kN / m2
3. Ec' = Ec / 2 = 14.75 kN / m2
4. Charecterestic Strength of R/F fy = 415 kN / m2
5. Modulous of Elasticity of R/F Steel Es = 200 kN / mm2
6. m Es / Ec' = 13.56

MISCELLANEOUS DETAILS
1. Exposure condition = Severe
2. Clear Cover to Outermost Reinforcement cnom = 75 mm
3. Effective Depth deff = 709 mm
= ( 800 - 75 - 0 - 32 / 2 ) = 709 mm
4. Allowable Surface Crack Width = 0.10 mm
5. acr = 90.33 mm
STUP Consultants P. Ltd Date: 12.03.2018 Note No.: 9114/E/DN-54-01

By: BK Sheet No.:

Calculation for acr
A E AD = EC = 75 + 0 + 32 / 2 = 91.00 mm
BD = DC = 110 / 2 55.00 mm
AB = AC = = 106.33 mm
B D C

acr = 106.33 - 0 - 32 / 2 = 90.33 mm

DESIGN
Stress in steel is given by " s st
"
We take the stress in steel from the results given in the program output for the normal condition.
s st = 60.00 N / mm^2
Neutral axis is at depth "x" m from outer compressive fibre. The result is taken from the computer output.
x = 271.00 mm
Strain in steel is given by " es "
es = s st = 0.00030
Es
The Strain diagram is as follows;
e1
es From similar triangles

h = 800 Neutral Axis deff ¿ 1 (h− x)

=
¿s (deff −x)
x

e1 = es ( h - x ) = 0.00036
(deff - x )
e1 - 3.8bth(a'-dc)10-3 1- Mq x10-9
em = esAs(h - dc) Mg
= 0.00036

Design crack width = 3 acr em

1 + 2(acr - cnom) / (h - dc)

= 0.093 mm < 0.1 mm

The Surface Crack Width is within the limits.
STUP Consultants P. Ltd Date: 12.03.2018 Note No.: 9114/E/DN-20-101

By: SUB Sheet No.:

DESIGN SURFACE CRACK WIDTH - FOR TOP SLAB
DIMENSION DETAILS

bt = Width of the section at the level of the

1. = 6850 mm
centroid of the tension steel
2. h= Overall depth of the section = 1680 mm

1680

6850

BAR DETAILS
1. No. of Layers of Main Bar = 2
2. Diameter of Main Bar Outer Layer = 25 mm
3. Diameter of Main Bar Inner Layer = 25 mm
4. Diameter of Outer Link = 20 mm
5. Diameter of Spacer Bar = 25 mm
6. Spacing of Main Bar = 135 mm - c/c

Section 25 mm Outer layer main bar

Surface 25 mm Spacer Bar
75 mm Clear Cover

25 mm Inner layer main bar

MATERIAL PARAMETERS
1. Grade of Concrete = 35
2. Modulous of Elasticity of Concrete Ec = 29.5 kN / m2
3. Ec ' = Ec / 2 = 14.75 kN / m2
4. Charecterestic Strength of R/F fy = 415 kN / m2
5. Modulous of Elasticity of R/F Steel Es = 200 kN / mm2
6. m Es / Ec' = 13.56

MISCELLANEOUS DETAILS
1. Exposure condition = Severe
2. Clear Cover to Outermost Reinforcement cnom = 75 mm
3. Effective Depth deff = 1572.5 mm
= ( 1680 - 75 - 20 - 25 / 2 ) = 1572.5 mm
4. Allowable Surface Crack Width = 0.20 mm
5. acr = 114.44 mm
STUP Consultants P. Ltd Date: 12.03.2018 Note No.: 9114/E/DN-20-101

By: SUB Sheet No.:

Calculation for acr
A E AD = EC = 75 + 20 + 25 / 2 = 107.50 mm
BD = DC = 135 / 2 67.50 mm
AB = AC = = 126.94 mm
B D C

acr = 126.94 - 25 / 2 = 114.44 mm

DESIGN
Stress in steel is given by " s st
"
We take the stress in steel from the results given in the program output for the normal condition.
s st = 53.11 N / mm^2
Neutral axis is at depth "x" m from outer compressive fibre. The result is taken from the computer output.
x = 505.00 mm
Strain in steel is given by " es "
es = s st = 0.00027
Es
The Strain diagram is as follows;
e1
es From similar triangles

h = 1680 Neutral Axis deff ¿ 1 (h− x)

¿s = (deff −x)
x

e1 = es ( h - x ) = 0.00029
(deff - x )
e1 - 3.8bth(a'-dc)10-3 1- Mq x10-9
em = esAs(h - dc) Mg
= 0.00029

Design crack width = 3 acr em

1 + 2(acr - cnom) / (h - dc)

= 0.0940 mm < 0.2 mm

The Surface Crack Width is within the limits.