Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Avunduk C, 2008. Manual of Gastroenterology: Diagnosis and Therapy. 4th Ed. USA:
2. Black JM., Hawk JH., 2010. Medical Surgical Nursing: Clinical Management for
3. Blanquer J., Aspa J., Anzueto A., Ferrer M., Gallego M., Rajas O., Rello J., Castro de
FR., Torres A., 2011. SEPAR Guidelines for Nosocomial Pneumonia. Arch
4. Cellis R., Torres A., Gatell J.M., Amela M., Roisin R.R., Vidal A.A., 1988. Nosokomial
7. Davey P., 2006. Medicine at Glance. 2nd Ed. UK: Blackwell publishing. p184-186.
8. El Sohl AA., Bhora M., Pineda L., Dhillon R., 2005. Nosocomial Pneumonia In Elderly
9. Ewig S., Torres A., 2004. Respiratory Management in Critical Care. Griffiths M.J.D.,
10. Fishman A.P., Elias J.A., Fishman J.A., Grippi M.A., Senior R.M., Pack A.I., 2008.
Fishman’s Pulmonary Disease and Disorder. 4th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill Companies.
p2273.
11. Garner J.S., Jarvis W.R., Emori T.G., Horan T.C., Hughes J.M., 1996. CDC definitions
for nosocomial infections. In: Olmsted R.N., ed.: APIC Infection Control and Applied
13. Kate T., 2003. Nasogastric tubes may harbor pathogens. American. Society of health
14. Leibovitz A., Dan M., Zinger J., Carmeli Y., Habot B., Segal R., 2003. Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and the or pharyngeal ecosystem of tube fed patients. Emer. Infect. Dis., 9:
956-959.
15. Longo D., Fauci A., 2010. Harrison’s Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 17th Ed. USA:
16. Marik PE., 2001, 2001. Aspiration Pneumoniatis and Aspiration Pneumonia. N Engl J
Med, Vol. 344, No. 9. March 1, 2001. Massachusetts Medical Society: www.nejm.org.
17. Metheny N.A., Clouse R.E., Chang Y.H., Stewart B.J., Oliver D.A., Kollef M.H., 2006.
frequency outcomes and risk factors. Crit. Care Med., 34: p1007-1005.
18. Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI), 2003. Pneumonia Nosokomia Pedoman Diagnosis
19. Segal R., Pogoreliuk I., Dan M., Baumoehl Y., Leibovitz A., 2006. Gastric Microbiota in
elderly patients fed via nasogastric tubes for prolonged periods. Journal of Hospital
20. Suryono B., 2004. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia : berdasar bukti klinik. Dalam:
Jakarta. p38-46.
21. Smeltzer SC., Bare B., 2008. Brunner and Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical Surgical
23. Takano T., Sakamoto O., Suga M., Muranaka H., Ando M., 2002. Prognostic Factors Of
24. World Health Organization., 2002. Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: A practical guide.
25. Ryadi ALS., Wijayanti T., 2011. Dasar-dasar Epidemiologi. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
p64, p76.
26. Sopena N., Sabria M., 2005. Multicenter Study of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Non-
27. Wolkewitz M., Vonberg RP., Grundmann H., Beyersmann J., Gastmeier P., Barwolff S.,
Geffers C., Behnke M., H Ruden., Schumacher M., 2008. Risk Factors For The
Application Of Competing Risks Models. BioMed Central Ltd. Critical Care Vol 12 No
2 1-9.