10M 31 (VOL-ID 4-7, 20) Studics on the Effect of Temperature and pH on the Vegetative Growth of Vario Strains of Agaricus bisporus (Inge) Imbach. Vijay Kumar, B.C. Suman and Dharmesh Gupta Mushroom Research Laboratory, Deptt. Plant Pathology UIIF-Nauni- 173230 (TL.P.) SUMMARY The effect of various temperature régimes (10°C to 35°C) and pH ranges (4-10) on the vegetative of various test strains viz; DMRA-7, DMRA-9, DMRA-14, DMRA-37, DMRA-102, DMRA-103, Di 104, DMRA-121, DMRA-122 AND SENTROL (U,) wore studied. A temperature of 25°C . suy maximum (62.00 mg) average mycelial dry weight of all the test strains including control. Amony various pH ranges, maximum (71.93 mg)average mycelial dry weight was recorded at pH 6 S, followed 6.0 {59.30 mg). Similarly, irrespective of pH, strain DMRA-7 showed significantly highest (37.51 average mycelial dry weight followed by control (U,) Key words: Agaricus bisporus, vegetative growth, pH, temperature INTRODUCALTION India is blessed with varied agro climate, abundance of agricultural waste and manpower making it most suitable for cultavation of all types of mushrooms, The country has predominantly tropical climate and white button is temperate type (14-18°C). With the availability of technical know-how for various aspect of mushroom cultivation, including climatic controls in insulated cropping rooms, mushrvom cultivation is being done throughout the length and breadth of the country. In the procedure of the evaluation of strains, favoring one character over another is often a compromise since both characteristics are present in the same strain, Qualities considered to be desirable under one set cof conditions may be less desirable under another set of conditions. This is because of the faet that when all strains receive the same environment condition, itis possible that a given strain may be placed at an advantage or disadvantage by such environmental factors. Hence, there is always a possibility of obtaining a few high yielding strains suitable to our conditions, because of the obvious reason that strains have different environment optima (Kneebone, 1968; ‘Tschierpe, 1972). In the context of above, the present investigation on the effect of temperature and pH requirements of various test strains of Agaricus bisporus viz, DMRA-7, DMRA-9, DMRA-I4, DMRA-37, DMRA-102, DMRA- 103. DMRA-104, DMRA-121, DMRA-122 and control (U,) was undertaken in detail. A certain amount of work has been carried out on the temperature and pH requirements of higher (4) basidio mycetes, which also inciude edible (Lambert, 1941, Freer et «/, 1928, Kumar Munjal 1980, Suman ey al2011) MATERTALSAND METHODS To study the effoct of various temp regimes, Petriplates containing basal medium: incculum of various wst strain of Agar bisporus were incubated at different temperat ranging between 10°C: to 35°C for 21 days. The; cultures of various test strains were procured Directorate of Mushroom Research Charl and Spawn laboratory of Department of Pathology UHF-Nauni and maintained on extract agar medium, This experiment was dor find out the best growing temperature fur av mycelial dry weight of various test strains control (U,). Three replication fur each treat was kept and data was recorded after 21 days presented in Table-1. Hydrogen ion concent of the medium is an important factor for the gi of fungi. An experiment was therefore conduct find out the optimum pH for the growth of vari test strains. The pH of the basal medium adjusted with N/L0 NaOH or H/10 HCL different pH values ranging between 4-10. replications were kept for each treatment. Ave dry mycelial weight of various strains includi control was recorded after on incubation periods 21 days at 25°C and presented in Table-3‘SULTS . Effect of various temperatures on mycelial growth:- It is clear from the data recorded in Table-1, hat maximum (62,00 mg) average mycelial dry ight of all the strains including control (U,) was recorded at 25°C. Inespective of temperature, DMRA-7 recorded maximum: (37.94 mg) average weight of mycelium, followed by contol (U,) nd these oWo differed significantly among themselves. The interaction of temperature with various test strains including control revealed that maximum (68.33mg) average dry weight of mycelium was recorded in DMRA-7 at a temperature of 25°C which was statistically at per with that of strain DMRA-122 (68.13mg) at the same temperature, Mininmum (14.23 mg) average dry mycelial weight of mycelium was recorded in the stain DMRA-14at 35°C followed by thal in strain DMRA-103 at 35°C (15.07 mg) whieh differed significantly from control (U,) at the same temperature, fable -1 Average imycelial weight (mg) of various test strains at different temperatures Effect, CD (0.05) Temperature (T) 0.09 Mycelial dry we 0.11 TxXDW 028 2. Effect of pH on the mycelial growth of various test strains It is evident from the data presented in Table-2 thatall-the strains including contre! fail to grow at pH 10.00, Very less (3.76 my) average mycelial dry weight was recorded at pH 9.5 of all the test strains, including control. Maximum (71.93 mg) average mycelial dry weight was recorded at pH 6.5 fallawed by pH 6.0 (59.30 mg) Similarly, irrespective of pH, sain DMRA-7 showed significantly highest(37.50 mg) average Temperature Average dry mycelial weight (aig) of test strains afer 21 days DMRA DMRA_DMRA DMRA DMAR DMRA DMRA DMAR DMAR US Mean 1 5. jd 3F 103-104 121122 (Central) 10 28.53 20.10 25.83 23.30 25.43 27.50 23.30 24.23 2243 27.63 24.83 Is 34.10 2603 3243 2843 304. 3220 2920 30,10 3030 3230 30.42 20 48.37 30:33 39.53 4443 4047 42.13 4233 43.30 4330 45.17 41.63 25 R33 S307 5433 67.20 68.13 65.13 60.07 6227 §520 6637 62.00 30 30.15 21.17 2610 23.17 28.13 27.23 29.47 28.30 250 2947 26.76 35 22.16 1820 14.23 19.10 20.13 15.07 24.23 17.17 18.13 1933 18.27 Mean 3794 2783 3206 (3427 3545 3483 34.25 34.28 3213 3667 mycelial dry weight, followed Minimum average mycelial dry weight was recorded by strain DMRA-9. The interaction of pH with all the test strains including control (U,) revealed that strain DMRA-7 produced maximum average mycelial dry weight (76.40 mg) at pH 6.5 followed by control (74,27 mg). Minimum mycelial dry weight (2.03 mg) was recorded in strain DMRA-37 and DMRA- 122 arpH 9.5 by control,Average mycelial weight (mg) of different test strains af 4.bisporus at various pH. Average dry myeclial weight (mg) of ts st strains afte! days. pH DMRA DMA DMRA DMRA DMAR DMRA BMRA DMAR DMAR U3 Mean e 9 14 37 102 on 104 40° 2830 20.10 2420 2637 26.37 25.30 93 48° 29.16 2120 2743 2720 37.36 26.17 $0 4033 33.20 Mao M43 3840 36.64 $5 41373357 595 wu 60 40 5860 57.23 7163 65 7640 6843 70.97 7023 36.60 54.80 20 6337 SRA S416 $6.23 827 si20 75 6163 5020 5223 34.16 2247 2653 $5.27 80 32.60 20.60 7660 26.40 1837 17.60 28.33 85 2460 1340 1730 1930 1260 15.66 20,60 90 17.27 1020 13.23 L130 3.00 15.06 16.70 1430 1853 14.34 BS 9.07 0.00 3.00 2.03 1.00 3.06 5.03 2037.08 3.76 10.0 0.00 0.00 9.00 ooo 000 6.00 0.00 06.00 0.00 oO) 0.00 Men 375026 isa a eas aa EGE Effect CD (0.03) Mycelia cry wt (DW) 0.08 pH 0.10 pH XDW 0.32 DISCUSSION Six different iemperature ranges from 1010 35°C were tested for determining the effect of low and high temperanure range and optimum temperature requirement of different strains including control. While the temperature of 25°C was found as optimum temperature for mycelial growth of all the test strains, followed by the temperature 20°C Kligmman (1943), Humafeld and Sugihara (1952) Tsai et al (1974), Suman ef af (2011) found a temperature of 25°C ideal for the mycelial growth of cultivated mushroom (4. bisporus), whereas, Nair (1972) incubated. the cultures at 26°C. Torey (1965) and Hanke and Sengbusch (1960) found 27°C as the optimum temperature for mycelial growth. Ficgg (1965) stated that 23.9°C temperature was the most suitable for vegetative growth, Manjul etal (2003) reported that growth was maximum at 25°C. while this was minimum at 5-10°C. All the test strains including control were tested for their tolerance to low and high pH ranges varying from 4.0 to 10.0, were adjusted in basal mediim [6] ‘The best mycelia growth of all the test strains was recorded at pH 6.5. this was followed by a pH of 6.0 for best mycelial growth. The results of present studies are in agreement with the findings of Bohus (1959), Kumar and Munjal (1980) Suman er (2011) who adjusted the pH of basal medium to 6.5 and obtained maximum mycelial groweh, However, there aro contradictoy reporis. on the pH requirements. Frear ef al (1928) reported thatthe best growth of A. campestris was obtained at pH 6.0. Treschow (1944) reported that maximum production of mycelium occurred at an initial pH of 6.28 in case of 4 bisporus. Humfeld and Sugihara (1952) reported that the best growth occuried in shaken cultures on synthetic medium adjusted at pH 4.5 Torev (1965) studied 30 species of higher fungi ou industrial scale and reported maxinuin pH requirements between 3.4 to 6.8 Manju er al (2003) reported maximum mycelial growth at pH 6.0, whereasno growth was observed ut pH 8.5.RE CITED 1959 Investigations concerning the life ses of the cultivated mushroumn. : Sci 4: 86-131 2B 1965. 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