Lab Diagnosis Glossary Extra Credit

Donald Davis

1. Alkaptonuria- inheritied genetic disorder in which body cannot process phenylalanine and
tyrosine.
a. The patient has an unusually dark urine which might be alkaptonuria
2. Bart’s Hemoglobin- an unstable hemoglobin with high oxygen affinity. It is the result of
complete absence of the chain of Hb and deletion of all 4 globin genes.
a. The baby had Bart’s Hemoglobin and died shortly after birth.
3. CD4 cell- white blood cells that are helper cells that send signals to other immune type cells.
a. The patients CD4 cells were low and is now vulnerable to attack by infection.
4. D-Dimer- are produced by the action of plasmin on cross-linked fibrin. It confirms both thrombin
generation and plasmin generation have occurred.
a. The use of a D-Dimer test can determine a SAH vs. a traumatic tap.
5. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate- the rate ESR settle out of anticoagulated blood in 1 hour.
a. The ESR was very rapid showing that there where inflammatory processes speeding it
up.
6. Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin- a small amount of porphyrin at the completion of heme
synthesis.
a. The FEP was elevated indicating diminished iron.
7. Hemostasis- process of causing bleeding to stop
a. The hemostasis involves blood coagulation.
8. Iron stain- normoblasts in bone marrow are stained and examined
a. The iron stain reveled that there was sufficient iron in the bone marrow
9. Ketoacidosis- high concentration of ketone bodies formed from breakdown of fatty acids. This
decreases blood pH.
a. The patient was an alcoholic and is now in ketoacidosis.
10. Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase stain- is used as an aid to distinguish chronic granulocytic
leukemia from a leukemoid reaction.
a. The patient had a LAP stain test to help rule out leukemia
11. Mean corpuscular volume- is a measure of individual cell size.
a. The patients mean corpuscular volume was 50 fl and they possibly have microcytic
anemia
12. Neutropenia- occurs when too few neutrophils are produced in the marrow, too many are
stored in blood vessel margin or too many have been used up.
a. The patient has neutropenia and might be fighting a bacterial infection
13. Packed cell volume- is the percentage of red blood cells in blood.
a. The patients packed cell volume was 45% which is normal for a male.
14. Red cell size distribution width- indication of the degree of anisocytosis of RBC’s
a. The patient’s RDW was high which might indicate iron deficiency.
15. Reticulocyte count- measure of young immature non nucleated RBCs.
a. The patient has an increased reticulocyte count which could mean anemia
16. Schistocytes- irregular contracted cells or fragmented cells
a. The patient has increased schistocytes with vasculitis.
17. Stomatocytosis- red cells with slitlike areas of central pallor.
a. The patient has increased stomatocytosis of red blood cells with alcoholism
18. Sulfhemoglobin- is an abnormal Hb pigment
a. Sulfhemoglobin is present in people with cyanosis.
19. Total iron binding capacity- is the total capacity of heme in red blood cells
a. The patients total iron binding capacity was low secondary to anemia
20. Urine specific gravity- is measurement of the kidneys ability to concentrate urine.
a. The urine specific gravity measurement is usually low with diabetes incipits