Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE - QUEZON CITY CAMPUS
HEMATOLOGY
- Study of appearance, development,
physiology, kinetics and pathology of blood.
- For the purpose of assessing an individuals
general condition, diagnosis of anemia,
leukemia and other blood related disease.
a. Infection= 6:1
b. Leukemia = 25:1
c. Myeloid Hyperplasia = 15-20:1
d. Erythroid Hyperplasia = 1:25, 2:30
e. Erythroid Hypoplasia = 5:1, 6:1, 7:1
OUR LADY OF FATIMA COLLEGE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE - QUEZON CITY CAMPUS
II. THYMUS
- For T cell production
- Bilobed organ at the anterior mediastenum
above the heart.
- Produces hormone thymosine that promotes
t-cell maturation.
- Size increase from birth to puberty and start
to athrophize at old age.
haem globin
iron protoporphyrin
Amino acids
CO Bilirubin
transferrin Expired air (free)
Liver
conjugation
erythroblast
Bilirubin glucuronides
Urobilin(ogen) Stercobilin(ogen)
OUR LADY OF FATIMA COLLEGE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY
Urine
UNIVERSITY faeces
SCIENCE - QUEZON CITY CAMPUS
HEMOGLOBIN METABOLISM
INTRAVASCULAR RBC Catabolism
• Accounts for <10% of normal RBC destruction
• Predominant in intravascular hemolytic
anemia
LRP/CD91 to tissue
Hemoglobinuria/Hemosiderinuria macrophages
OUR LADY OF FATIMA COLLEGE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE - QUEZON CITY CAMPUS Metemalbumin
TYPES OF HEMOGLOBIN
• Embryonic Hgb – present in the unborn
• Fetal Hgb – predominant in the Fetus and
Newborns (60-95%)
• Hemoglobin A – predominant in adult (95-
97%)
– Hgb A1c – glycoslated Hgb – 3-6% normal
<6% diabetic
– Hgb A2 – Hgb A variant – 2-3%
A2 S F A
C D
E G
O Arab Lepore
C Harlem
OUR LADY OF FATIMA COLLEGE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE - QUEZON CITY CAMPUS
HEMOGLOBIN MIGRATION: CITRATE
AGAR @ pH 6.2
- origin +
F A S C
ANTICOAGULANTS
– Chemical agents or solutions that inhibit
the transformation of liquid blood into a
solid clot.
– Hematology and coagulation procedures
must be done using whole blood or
plasma
– The choice of particular anticoagulants
depends on the test procedure
– An appropriate concentration of
anticoagulant for the volume of blood
drawn is critical, significant errors may be
the outcome with an incorrect
concentration of anticoagulant.
• Cheap
• Requires no dilution
• Easy to prepare
• Suitable for Hgb, RBC, WBC cts.
• Plasma can be used in chemistry
• ADVANTAGES:
1.0 RBC and WBC morphological
Study
2.0 gives a large volume of
serum
3.0 Used for L.E. preparation
I. RBC COUNT
M: 4.5 - 6.0 x 10^12/L (SI Unit)
F: 4.0 – 5.4 x 10^12/L (SI Unit)
Diluting Fluid: Gower’s Solution
Hayem’s Solution
NSS
Dilution Factor: 1:200
Mtds of Determination:
- Automated
- Acid-Hematin Method (Manual)
- Reagents: 0.1N HCl
- Cyanmethemoglobin Method (semi-automated)
- Drabkin’s Rgnt (Potassium Cyanide, K Ferricyanide,
Na Bicarbonate)
OUR -
LADYRead
OF FATIMA at 100% atCOLLEGE
540OFnmMEDICAL LABORATORY
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE - QUEZON CITY CAMPUS
III. HEMATOCRIT DETERMINATION
M: 40 – 54%
F: 35 – 49%
Mtds of Determination:
- Microhematocrit
- Macrohemaocrit
Hct = (Height of Packed Cell/Amt of Blood) x 100
Mtds. of Determination:
• Westergren Method – EDTA
– 30cm long, 2.55mm internal bore, 0-200 graduation
• Modified Westergren Mtd - CITRATE
NEVER HEPARIN – alters zeta potential
NV:
M: 0-10mm/hr
F: 0-20mm/hr
OUR LADY OF FATIMA COLLEGE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE - QUEZON CITY CAMPUS
ERYTHROCYTE DISORDERS and
other RBC related abnormalities
• LAB EVALUATION:
– Increased Bilirubin and GGT
– Macro, normo
• Fanconi Anemia
• Dyskeratosis Congenita
• Schwachmann-Diamond SYndrome