Average
1. The weight of a body as calculated by the average of 7
different experiments is 53.735g. The average of the first three
experiments is 54.005g, the weight in fourth experiment was
greater than that in the fifth by 0.004 g, while the average of
sixth and seventh was 0.010 g less than the average of the
first three. Find the weight of the body as obtained by the
fourth experiment.
2. Visitors to a show were charged Rs 15 each on the first day, Rs
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7.50 on the second, and Rs 2.50 on the third. The total atten-
dance on the three days were in the ratio 2 : 5 : 13 respec-
tively. Find the average charge per person for the whole
show.
3. Four natural numbers are given. Select any three of these
numbers, find their arithmetic average, and add this result to
the fourth number. The numbers 29, 23, 21 and 17 are ob-
tained as a result with different sets of three numbers. Find
the numbers.
4. The average weight of 4 men A, B, C and D is 67 kg. When a
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fifth man E joins them, the average is reduced by 2 kg. A is then
replaced by another man F, whose weight is 4 kg more than E’s
and consequently the average weight comes down to 64 kg.
What is the weight of A?
5. The weight of a body, as calculated by the average of 7
different experiments, is 24.480 g. The average of the first
three experiments is 24.529 g; the fourth experiment gave
result greater than the fifth by 0.101 g, while the average of
the sixth and seventh was 0.173 g less than the average of
the first three. Find the weight of the body as obtained by
the fourth experiment.
6. The weight of a body, as calculated by the average of 9
experiments, is 51.435 g. The average of the first five experi-
ments is 52.105 g, the weight in sixth experiment is 0.49g
greater than the weight in seventh, while the average of
eighth and ninth experiments is 0.11 g less than the average
of the first five experiments. Find the weight of the body in
the sixth experiment.
7. There are four natural numbers. The average of any three
numbers is added in the fourth number and, in this way,
numbers 48, 30, 36 and 42 are obtained. Find the four natural
numbers.
 Answers and explanation
1. Average weight of 7 experiments = 53.735 g
 Sum of the weight of 7 experiments
= 7 × 53.735 = 376.145 g
Average weight of first three experiments
= 54.005g
sum of the weights of the first three experiments
= 54.005 × 3 = 162.015 g
Average weight of the body in 6th and 7th
experiments = 54.005 – 0.010 = 53.995 g
Total weight obtained during sixth and seventh experiments
= 53.995 × 2 = 107.990 g
 Total weight obtained in first 3 experiments and 6th and
7th experiments = 162.015 + 107.990
= 270.005 g
Sum of the weights of the body in 4th and 5th experiments =
376.145 – 270.005 = 106.140 g
 weight obtained in 5th experiment
106.140  0.004
=  53.068 g
2 Sum of the weights of first three experiments
Weight obtained in 4th experiment
= 53.068 + 0.004 = 53.072 g
2. Suppose the attendance on the first, second and third days
were 2x, 5x and 13x respectively.
 attendance on the three days
= 2x + 5x + 13x = 20x
Money collected on the first day
= 15 × 2x = Rs 30x
Money collected on the second day
= 7.50 × 5x = Rs 37.50x
Money collected on the third day = 2.50 × 13x
= Rs 32.50x
 Total money collected on all the three days
= 30x + 37.50x + 32.50x = Rs 100x
 The average charge person for the whole show
4. Average weight of 4 men A, B, C and D
= 67 kg
 total weight of 4 men A, B, C and D
= 67 × 4 = 268 kg
Average weight of 5 men A, B, C, D and E
= 67 - 2 = 65 kg
 total weight of 5 men A, B, C, D and E
= 65 × 5 = 325 kg
 weight of E = 325 - 268 = 57 kg
Weight of F = 57 + 4 = 61 kg
After replacing A with F, the average weight of F, B, C, D and
E = 64 kg
 total weight of F, B, C, D and E = 64 × 5 = 320 kg
Total weight of B, C and D = 320 - (57 + 61)
= 320 - 118 = 202 kg
 weight of A =268 - 202 = 66 kg
5. Average weight of seven experiments = 24.480 g
 Sum of the weights of seven experiments
= 24.480 × 7 = 171.36 g
Average weight of first three experiments = 24.529 g
= 24.529 × 3 = 73.587g
Total weight of the body in 6th and 7th experiments
= 2 × (24.529 - 0.173) = 48.712 g
 Total weight obtained in first 3 experiments and 6th and
7th experiments = 73.587 + 48.712 = 122.299 g
Hence total weight obtained in the 4th and 5th experiments =
171.36 - 122.299 = 49.061 g
Since fourth experiment was greater than the fifth by 0.101 g.
49.061  0.101
Hence the weight of body in 5th experiment =
2
= 24.48 g
Hence, weight of body in the 4th experiment
= 24.48 + 0.101 = 24.581
6. Average weight of 9 experiments = 51.435g

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100 x  sum of the weights of 9 experiments
= = Rs 5. = 9 × 51.435 = 462.915g
20 x
3. Let the four numbers be a, b, c and d. Average weight of the first five experiments
From the question, = 52.105g
Sum of the weights of the first five experiments
a b c = 5 × 52.105 = 260.525 g
 d  29  a + b + c + 3d = 87 ....(i)
3 Average weight of the body in eighth and ninth experiments
= 52.105 - 0.11 = 51.995 g
a b  d
 c  23  a + b + d + 3c = 69 ...(ii) Sum of the weights in the eighth and ninth experiments = 2
3 × 51.995 = 103.99 g

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acd  total weight obtained in first five experiments and eighth
 b  21  a + c + d + 3b = 63 ...(iii) and ninth experiments
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= 260.525 + 103.99 = 364.515g
bcd Sum of the weights of the body in 6th and 7th experiments =
 a  17  b + c + d + 3a = 51 ...(iv) 462.915 - 364.515 = 98.40 g
3
Weight obtained in 6th experiment
Adding all the equations together, we get
6(a + b + c + d) = 270  a + b + c + d = 45 ....(v) 98.40  0.40 98.8
= =  49.4 kg
(i) - (v), we get 2d = 87 - 45 = 42  d = 21 2 2
(ii) - (v), we get 2c = 69 - 45 = 24  c = 12
(iii) - (v), we get 2b = 63 - 45 = 18  b = 9
(iv) - (v), we get 2a = 51 - 45 = 6  a = 3
Hence, the numbers are 3, 9, 12 and 21.
7. Let the four natural nos. be a, b, c and d. Adding all the four equations together, we get
From the question, 6(a + b + c + d) = 468
or, a + b + c + d = 78 ... (v)
a bc
 d  48 Putting the value of equation (v) in (i), we get
3
(78 - d) + 3d = 144
or, a + b + c + 3d = 144 ... (i)
or, 2d = 66 or, d = 33
a bd Similarly, from (ii) and (v), we have
 c  30
3 (78 - c) + 3c = 90
or, a + b + d + 3c = 90 ... (ii) or, 2c = 12 or, c = 6
bcd Similarly, from (iii) and (v), we have

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 a  36 (78 - a) + 3a = 108
3
or, 2a = 30 or, a = 15
or, b + c + d + 3a = 108 .... (iii)
Similarly, from (iv) and (v), we have
cda (78 - b) + 3b = 126
 b  42
3 or, 2b = 48 or, b = 24
or, c + d + a + 3b = 126 ... (iv) Hence, the four natural numbers are 15, 24, 6 and 33.

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