Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Project On Amul
Project On Amul
PROJECT REPORT
ON
SUBMITTED BY:
VIPUL
Enrollment No
0
1
PREFACE
Training is an integral part of PGDBM and each and every student has to
undergo the training for 2 months in a company and then prepare a project
report on the same after the completion of training.
During this whole training I got a lot of experience and came to know
about the management practices in real that how it differs from those of
theoretical knowledge and the practically in the real life.
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
With immense pleasure, I would like to present this project report for Kaira
District Co-operative Milk Producers’ Union Ltd., Anand. It has been
an enriching experience for me to undergo my summer training at AMUL,
which would not have possible without the goodwill and support of the people
around. As a student of INSTITUTE OF RURAL MANAGEMENT I would like
to express my sincere thanks too all those who helped me during my practical
training programme.
Words are insufficient to express my gratitude toward Mr. Rahul Kumar, the
Managing Director of AMUL. I would like to give my heartily thanks to Mr. J.
K. Joshi, Manager of Administration, who permitted me to get training at
AMUL. I am very thankful to Mr. Pankaj Gadhavi, who helped me at every
step whenever needed and Mr. G.D.Trivedi who arranged all possible visits
for me at AMUL.
As we know research work needs hard work, keen insight and long patience
with scholarly vision based on content operation hence it becomes a humble
duty to express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Dalveer Singh, Production
incharge, and Mr. H.B Ramgadhia of chocolate plant at MOGAR.
At last but not least my grateful thanks is also extended to Mr. Mukesh
Mandun (Director’ FMS-IRM’ Jodhpur) and my thanks to all my faculty
members for the proper guidance and assistance extended by them. I am also
grateful to my parents, friends, Mr. Kartik Pandya & Mr. Kapil Pandya to
encourage & giving me moral support.
However, I accept the sole responsibility for any possible error of omission
and would be extremely grateful to the readers of this project report if they
bring such mistakes to my notice.
VIPUL
3
CONTENTS
2. Marketing Research 17
3. Research Design 21
4. Limitations 45
5. My Findings 46
6. Suggestions 47
7. Conclusion 48
8. Bibliography 49
4
ANAND MILK UNION LIMITED
5
INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY
In the year 1946 the first milk union was established. This union was
started with 250 liters of milk per day. In the year 1955 AMUL was
established. In the year 1946 the union was known as KAIRA DISTRICT
CO-OPERATIVE MILK PRODUCERS’ UNION. This union selected the
brand name AMUL in 1955.
The brand name Amul means “AMULYA”. This word derived form
the Sanskrit word “AMULYA” which means “PRICELESS”. A quality
control expert in Anand had suggested the brand name “AMUL”. Amul
products have been in use in millions of homes since 1946. Amul Butter, Amul
Milk Powder, Amul Ghee, Amulspray, Amul Cheese, Amul Chocolates, Amul
Shrikhand, Amul Ice cream, Nutramul, Amul Milk and Amulya have made
Amul a leading food brand in India. (The total sale is Rs. 6 billion in 2005).
Today Amul is a symbol of many things like of the high-quality products sold
at reasonable prices, of the genesis of a vast co-operative network, of the
triumph of indigenous technology, of the marketing savvy of a farmers'
organization. And have a proven model for dairy development (Generally
known as “ANAND PATTERN”).
In the early 40’s, the main sources of earning for the farmers of Kaira
district were farming and selling of milk. That time there was high demand for
milk in Bombay. The main supplier of the milk was Polson dairy limited,
which was a privately owned company and held monopoly over the supply of
milk at Bombay from the Kaira district. This system leads to exploitation of
poor and illiterates’ farmers by the private traders. The traders used to beside
the prices of milk and the farmers were forced to accept it without uttering a
single word.
6
However, when the exploitation became intolerable, the farmers were
frustrated. They collectively appealed to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, who
was a leading activist in the freedom movement. Sardar Patel advised the
farmers to sell the milk on their own by establishing a co-operative union,
Instead of supplying milk to private traders. Sardar Patel sent the farmers to
Shri Morarji Desai in order to gain his co-operation and help. Shri Desai
held a meeting at Samarkha village near Anand, on 4th January 1946. He
advised the farmers to form a society for collection of the milk.
These village societies would collect the milk themselves and would
decide the prices at which they can sell the milk. The district union was also
form to collect the milk from such village co-operative societies and to sell
them. It was also resolved that the Government should be asked to buy milk
from the union.
7
However, the govt. did not seem to help farmers by any means. It gave
the negative response by turning down the demand for the milk. To respond
to this action of govt., the farmers of Kaira district went on a milk strike. For
15 whole days not a single drop of milk was sold to the traders. As a result
the Bombay milk scheme was severely affected. The milk commissioner of
Bombay then visited Anand to assess the situation. Having seemed the
condition, he decided to fulfill the farmers demand.
Thus their cooperative unions were forced at the village and district
level to collect and sell milk on a cooperative basis, without the intervention of
Government. Mr. Verghese Kurien showed main interest in establishing
union who was supported by Shri Tribhuvandas Patel who lead the
farmers in forming the Co-operative unions at the village level. The Kaira
district milk producers union was thus established in ANAND and was
registered formally on 14th December 1946. Since farmers sold all the milk
in Anand through a co-operative union, it was commonly resolved to sell the
milk under the brand name AMUL.
At
the
initial
stage
only
250
liters of
milk was
8
collected everyday. But with the growing awareness of the benefits of the
cooperativeness, the collection of milk increased. Today Amul collect 11
lakhs liters of milk everyday. Since milk was a perishable commodity it
becomes difficult to preserve milk flora longer period. Besides when the milk
was to be collected from the far places, there was a fear of spoiling of milk.
To overcome this problem the union thought out to develop the chilling unit at
various junctions, which would collect the milk and could chill it, so as to
preserve it for a longer period. Thus, today Amul has more than 150 chilling
centers in various villages. Milk is collected from almost 1073 societies.
With the financial help from UNICEF, assistance from the govt. of New
Zealand under the Colombo plan, of Rs. 50 millions for factory to manufacture
milk powder and butter was planned. Dr.Rajendra Prasad, the president of
India laid the foundation on November 15, 1954. Shri Pandit Jawaharlal
Nehru, the prime minister of India declared it open at Amul dairy on
November 20, 1955.
9
PEOPLE POWER: AMUL'S SECRET OF SUCCESS
Looking back on the path traversed by Amul, the following features make it a
pattern and model for emulation elsewhere.
10
Plough back the profits, by prudent use of men, material and machines,
in the rural sector for the common good and betterment of the member
producers and
Even though, growing with time and on scale, it has remained with the
smallest producer members. In that sense. Amul is an example par
excellence, of an intervention for rural change.
The Union looks after policy formulation, processing and marketing of milk,
provision of technical inputs to enhance milk yield of animals, the artificial
insemination service, veterinary care, better feeds and the like - all through
the village societies. Basically the union and cooperation of people brought
Amul into fame i.e. AMUL (ANAND MILK UNION LIMITED), a name which
suggest THE TASTE OF INDIA.
11
Plants
12
Third plant is at Kanjari, which produces cattelfeed.
Today,
twelve
dairies are
producing
different
products
under the
brand name Amul. Today Amul dairy is no. 1 dairy in Asia and no. 2 in the
world, which is matter of proud for Gujarat and whole India.
13
BOARD MEMBERS
14
Shri Ramsinh Prabhatsinh
Chairman
Parmar
Shri Rajendrasinh Dhirsinh
Vice-Chairman
Parmar
Shri Dhirubhai Amarsinh Zala Director
Smt. Mansinh Kohyabhai
Director
Chauhan
Shri Maganbhai Gokalbhai
Director
Zala
Shri Shivabhai Mahijibhai
Director
Parmar
Shri Pravinsinh Fulsinh
Director
Solanki
Shri Chandubhai Madhubhai
Director
Parmar
Shri Bhaijibhai Amarsinh Zala Director
Shri Bipinbhai Manishankar
Director
Joshi
Smt. Sarayuben Bharatbhai
Director
Patel
Shri Ranjitbhai Kantibhai
Director
Patel
Managing
Shri B. M. Vyas Director
G.C.M.M.F
Shri Deepak Dalal District Registrar
Managing
Shri Rahul Kumar
Director
15
MARKETING RESEARCH
DEFINITION
16
(1) Define the problem and its objectives :- This includes an
effective job in planning and designing a research project that will
provide the needed information. It also includes the establishment of
a general framework of major marketing elements such as the
industry elements, competitive elements, marketing elements and
company elements.
17
(4) Decide Research methods for collecting data :- If it is
found that the secondary data cannot be of much use, collection of
primary data become necessary. Three widely used methods of
gathering primary data are
A) Survey
B) Observation
C) Experimentation
a) Preparation of questionnaire
b) Presetting of questionnaire
c) Planning of the sample
18
(5) Tabulate, Analysis and Interpret the Data :-
The report must give/contain the following information:-
(6) Follow-up the study :- The researchers, in the last stage, should
follow up this study to find if his recommendation are being implemented and
if not, why
19
RESEARCH DESIGN
1. RESEARCH PROBLEM
20
2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES & related sub objectives
21
3. Information requirement
First, I had to know about all the competitors present in the chocolate
segment (Reputed and well established brands as well as Local brands).
Before going for the survey I had to know the comparative packs and
prices of all the competitors existing in the market.
22
AMUL CHOCOLATE is made from Sugar, Cocoa Butter, Milk Solids,
Chocolate mass.
Composition:
Milk Fat 2%
Sugar 55%
Total Fat 32.33%
(Milk Fat + Cocoa Fat)
Cocoa Solids 7.5%
Milk Solids 20%
23
Despite the difficulty of establishing an entirely satisfactory classification
system, it is helpful to classify marketing research on the basis of the
fundamental objectives of the research. Consideration of the different types,
their applicability, their strengths, and their weakness will help the student to
select the type best suited to a specific problem.
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
CONCLUSIVE RESEARCH
24
If one wants to know what type of dentifrice people use, what they think of,
television commercials, or why they buy particular brands of cars, the natural
procedure is to ask them. Thus, the questionnaire method has come to be the
more widely used of the two data collection method. Many consumers are
now familiar with the telephone caller who greets them with “We are making
a survey”, and then proceeds to ask a series of questions. Some interviews
are conducted in person, others by telephone, and others by mail. Each of
these has its special advantages and disadvantages and limitations. The
questionnaire method in general, however, has a number of pervasive
advantages and disadvantages. Discussion of particular variations will be more
meaningful if these characteristics of the general methods are brought out
first.
The common factor in all varieties of the questionnaire method is this reliance
on verbal responses to question, written or oral.
Dicthomus
25
Questions of this type offer the respondents an alternative to choose the right
answer among others. It is faster, time saving and less biased. It also
simplifies the tabulating process.
In this type respondents are free to answer in their own words and express
the ideas they think are relevant, such questions are good as first questions or
opening questions. They introduce the subject and obtain general reaction.
DICTHOMUS:
These are the questions which are Boolean in nature. These answers are
straightforward and respondents have to answer them in a straight way. That
means the answer can only be either ‘Yes” or ‘No’.
26
6. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE USED & SAMPLE SIZE - WHY?
Sample design is a definite plan of obtaining some items from the whole
population. The sample design used in this project is two state sampling i.e.
Cluster and convenience. In the probability sampling methods, each items in
the sample is chosen one at a time from a complete list of universe elements.
In marketing research practice, it will sometimes be more expedient to select
clusters or groups of universe elements, rather than to choose sample items
individually.
27
SAMPLING METHODS
Sample design is a definite plan of obtaining some items from the whole
population. The sample design used in this project is two state sampling i.e.
cluster sampling and convenience sampling. The whole city was divided into
some geographical areas and I have chosen Memnagar, Ashram road,
Sattelite, Bopal, Bodekdev, Vastrapur, Navrangpura, Usmanpura,
Maninagar and Narayanpura. The total sample size was 200.
CLUSTER SAMPLING
Here the whole area is divided into some geographical area and a definite
number of consumers were to be surveyed.
CONVINIENCE SAMPLING
28
SAMPLING
29
FIELD WORK- METHOD USED FOR DATA COLLECTION
I visited as many respondents as I can and asked them their real likings
about any chocolate and also got an idea, How a chocolate should
be?
People were not willing to answer, when they were contacted between
1.00 pm to 5.00 pm, the time when most of the people take rest during
the scorching heat.
30
“Advertising is a paid form of non-personal presentation
and promotion of ideas, goods or services by an identified
sponsor.”
31
PRIMARY TABULATION & INTERPRETATION
Branded 92 %
Non branded 08%
INFERENCE
32
[2] Who uses chocolates in your family?
Children 34 %
Teenager 33 %
Young 26 %
Old 07 %
CHOCOLATE USERS
7%
0%
34% Children
26%
Teenager
Young
Old
33%
INFERENCE
33
[3] What form of Chocolate do you like?
Cookies 14%
Bar 60%
Wafer 20%
Other 06%
INFERENCE
The above diagram suggest that the most preferred form is bar i.e. 60%,
followed by wafer i.e. 20%, Cookies are all time favorites with
14% while other forms are preferred to the extent of 6%.
34
[4] Which Television channel you like to watch most?
STAR 100
ZEE 15
SONY 30
CARTOON 30
Others 25
INFERENCE
Mostly people like STAR channel. This channel is very popular among all the
age group people. SONY & CARTOON channels are also popular but not as
STAR. In other channels sports and news channels are preferred. CARTOON
channel is specially preferred by children. So it will be more beneficial top give
advertisements on STAR & CARTOON channels, it covers all the age groups.
35
[5] In between what time you like to watch television?
Timings _____________
5 to 8 pm 33 %
8 to 11 pm 37 %
Late Night 10 %
Morning 15 %
Afternoon 05 %
TIMING PREFERENCE
5%
15% 5 to 8pm
33%
8 to 11pm
10% Late night
Morning
After noon
37%
INFERENCE
From the survey it was found that 37% of the respondents likes to watch T.V.
after 8 pm to 11 pm. Because Mostly people belong to service class & females
in the families got their work by this time. At 5 to 8 pm 33% respondents in
which especially children watch cartoon channel & etc. so it is good to
advertise on preferred channels on these timings.
36
[6] By which media you prefer to watch advertisements?
Television 67 %
Hoardings 17 %
Newspapers 08 %
Magazines 05 %
Others (Mention) 03 %
3%
5%
8% Television
0%
Hoardings
17% Newspapers
Megazines
67%
Others
INFERENCE
37
[7] What factors effects you in a chocolate advertisement?
Brand ambassador 60
Jingles 30
Comedy 45
Music 40
Emotions 20
Others (Mention) 05
INFERENCE
38
[8] Have you ever tasted Amul Chocolate?
Yes 90 %
No 10 %
INFERENCE
The chart shows that 90% respondents have tasted Amul Chocolate, while
still 10% have not tried Amul Chocolates.
Amul must use proper techniques in order to cater the needs of every
common man.
39
[9] Can you recall AMUL Chocolate advertisement?
Yes 32 %
No 68 %
INFERENCE
Here it was observed that only 32% respondents in the city of Ahmedabad
were able to recall Amul Chocolate advertisement. This shows how much
Amul lags behind in promotional activities and advertisement. Therefore Amul
must use strong promotional activities and advertisement in order to retain
their potential consumers.
40
[10] Which Chocolate do you like most?
Nestle 28%
Cadbury 58%
Amul 13%
Any other 01%
INFERENCE
We can clearly gauge from the pie chart that Cadbury being on the top slot
with 58% market share dominates the chocolate market, followed by Nestle
with 28% share, whereas Amul have only 13% market share and thus lags
behind.
41
[11] What is the frequency of purchasing Chocolate?
Daily 17 %
Weekly 22 %
Fortnightly 13 %
Occasionally 48 %
Frequency of purchase
17% Daily
48% Weekly
22% Fortnightl
y
13% Occasionally
INFERENCE
The frequency of chocolate differ a lot where 17% respondents buy it daily,
22% weekly, 13% fortnightly, and there is a Hugh chunk of people who buy
chocolate occasionally.
42
[12] How do you scale your Chocolate?
43
LIMITATIONS
If the respondents answer does not falls between amongst the options
given then it will turn up to be a biased answer.
44
MY FINDINGS
During the survey it was found that still there are 10% people who
have not tasted Amul Chocolate.
As I found that the main product of Amul is Milk and company firstly
wants to capture maximum market share in milk market which is
approx. 66%, after it Amul is concentrating upon butter & cheese which
has market share of approx. 88%, so it is not concentrating upon
chocolates.
When I interviewed people then many of the people can not recall
Amul chocolate advertisement. It shows Lake of Advertisement or
advertisement is not timely given or advertisement is not given
on right time.
I find the main thing is that “Amul” brand name has very good image
in consumer’s mind and they consider it as Pure & Good Product.
People who have tasted Amul Chocolate are not ready to purchase
the same again.
45
SUGGESTIONS
First and foremost Amul should take proper action in order to improve
service, because although being on a top slot in Butter and milk
supplies it does not get the sales in chocolate, which it should get.
Try and change the perception of the people through word of mouth
about Amul in advertisements, because they are the best source to
reach Children and families.
46
Advertisement can be done with the help of animations that attracts
children and teenagers because chocolates are consumed largely in this
segment.
Mix Fruit
Pineapple
Elaichi
Coffee
Strawberry
Banana
Mango
47
CONCLUSION
People are mostly satisfied with the overall quality of Amul Chocolate,
but for the existence in the local market Amul must use aggressive
selling techniques.
48
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. www.amul.com
2. www.amuldairy.com
3. www.google.com
4. www.marketresearch.com
5. www.dairy.com
6. Research Methodology. ( Harper W.Boyd, C. R. Kothari )
49
APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE
50
[7] Which advertisement you like the most?
_______________
PRICE
SWEETNESS
PACKAGING
SOFTNESS
SCHEMES
AVAILABILITY
51
[13] Which Chocolate do you like most?
AMUL ____________
CADBURY ____________
NESTLE ____________
PERFETTI ____________
OTHERS ____________
NAME: ___________
AGE: ___________
THANK YOU
_________________
______________
____________
52
53