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Example:

Find the absolute extrema of


𝟐𝒙
𝒇 (𝒙) =
𝒙𝟐 +𝟏
on the interval [−𝟐, 𝟐].

Disclaimer: As a mathematician, I do care about the finer hypotheses that goes into what I am about to say, so for my own sanity, I must say that there
will be a tacit assumption that the functions you are dealing with are “nice enough.” This usually means that your functions are differentiable (but just to
be safe, let’s further say that this derivative is also continuous). Of course just assuming your functions are twice-differentiable should be sufficient.

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