Renault Trucks

Drive Line
Power Train

Renault
Premium Lander
DXI
vendredi 6 avril 2018

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DXi 11 ENGINE

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 GENERAL

Euro 3 technical specifications

Euro 3 power curves

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GENERAL : Euro 3 technical specifications
330 hp 380 hp 440 hp
Maximum power at 1900 rpm 243 kW 280 kW 324 kW

Maximum torque at 1150 rpm 1 650 N.m 1 800 N.m 2 000 N.m

Number of cylinders 6

Bore 123 mm

Stroke 152 mm

Capacity 10.84 L

Cylinder n°1 Side opposite engine flywheel

Idling speed 600 ( –10/+50) rpm

Max. speed in no-load condition 2 200 rpm

Max. speed with load 2 200 rpm

Type of injection Electronically controlled pump injector

Type of timing Rear-mounted timing (engine flywheel side)

Weight of engine with accessories 1115 kg

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GENERAL : Euro 3 power curves

Power and torque curves

2000 320
DXi 11 330 hp engine
1800 300

1600 280
Torque in Power in kW
Nm
1400 260

1200 240

1000 220
Maximum torque Maximum
1650 Nm at 1000 800 200 power 240 kW
to 1400 rpm at 1400 to 1950
600 180
rpm
400 160

200 140

0 120
800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200

Engine speed in rpm

retour
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GENERAL : Euro 3 power curves

Power and torque curves

DXi 11 380 hp engine
2000 320

1800 300
Torque in Power in kW
Nm
1600 280

1400 260

1200 240

Maximum Maximum
1000 220
torque 1800 power 279 kW
N.m at 1000 to 800 200 at 1800 to
1400 rpm 1900 rpm
600 180

400 160

200 140

0 120
800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200

Engine speed in rpm

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GENERAL : Euro 3 power curves

Power and torque curves

DXi 11 440 hp engine
2200 340

2000 320
Torque in Power in kW
Nm 1800 300

1600 280

1400 260

Maximum Maximum
1200 240
torque 2000 Nm power 321
at 1100 to 1400 1000 220 kW at 1900
rpm rpm
800 200

600 180

400 160

200 140
800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200

Engine speed in rpm

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Fuel Consumption Affection: Datum

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6

Climate conditions
Traffic
Slope l/100
Style/ Aerodynamic
Body Builder Type
Position of Equipment
Gearbox
U joint / Properler joints
Optidriver
Brake on Transmission
Tire Inflation
Service ignorance
Ingredients (fuel, oils)
Cabine
Deflectors
Equipements external
Conditioning A/C
Heater
Driving style
Experience

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Techniques used
1. Injector pumps
Injector pumps: required
special engine architecture with
overhead camshaft.

Injector pumps are

electronically controlled.

The cylinder head is very

rigid to support the injection
nozzles and the camshaft.

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 Techniques used
1. Injector pumps

In injector pumps, the in-line pump is replaced with 6 INJECTOR PUMPS activated by the camshaft and
piloted by the COMPUTER.
The pumps control injection and flow at a constant pressure of 1800 bar.

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 Techniques used
1. Injector pumps
Advantages
The maximum injection pressure is high.
The precision of injection timing is improved.
These two points allow an increase in engine capacity, and a decrease in consumption
and pollution.

Drawback
The engine block, the cylinder head and the camshaft have to be modified to install
injector pumps.

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 ADVANTAGES & DRAWBACKS OF THE INJECTION SYSTEMS

High Pressure Common Rail PUMP

INJECTION LAW CONTROLLED

INSTALLED LIKE A
ADVANTAGES CONVENTIONAL PUMP

PRE-INJECTION

COMPONENTS CONSTANTLY
UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

DRAWBACKS COMPLEXITY
OF INJECTOR SUPPORT

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 ADVANTAGES & DRAWBACKS OF THE INJECTION SYSTEMS

INJECTOR PUMP

HIGH PEAK PRESSURE

ADVANTAGES
PRECISION OF THE INJECTION TIMING

ENGINE MODIFICATION

DRAWBACKS
FEEDING PUMP

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GearBox for Premium Lander DXI Euro3

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The gearbox: "the range of ratios"
Objective
• A truck manœuvring speed should range between 3 and 4 km/h
and its speed on the motorway may reach 110 km/h.

• The torque required when starting (inertia) and when climbing

(gravity) must be very high. To make the vehicle move, the gearbox
must provide for a large gear reduction.
Low speed required >>>> large gear reduction
• For the vehicle to reach an acceptable speed on the motorway
with an engine speed compatible with its best efficiency, the
gearbox must have a reduction gear ratio.
High speed required >>>> small gear reduction

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 Previous Gearbox Technology
1/4 5/8
1 3 5 7

N N

R 2 4 6 8
strike once on the lever to switch to the higher speeds via splitter.

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POWERTRAIN: Manual gearbox

• The SUPER H on the DXi11

– Comfortable gearshifting
• Shifting from one level of gears to another
simply involves pressing a button on the
gearshift lever handle
• Gears are split into half values to be as close to
the engine speed as possible and thereby
optimise consumption

– A new control

Previous control
4 cm Gear selection shift: 8cm instead of
12 cm 1 3 5 7
Distance between gears:
4cm instead of 3 cm
R 2 4 6 8

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 2.

Presentation Gear Box ZF

 GearBox:
The SUPER H consists a superposer for gears
5/ on gears 1/
8 4 Super H

4 cm

1/5 3/7
8 cm

With : security on passage way 1/2 R 2/6 4/8

security on passage way 5/6
security on passage way for reducer

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 2.

Presentation

 GearBox
16 S 1620 TD
16 S 1820TO
DXi 11 330 hp
AT 2412C DD
ATO 2512C OD
16 S 1820 TO Signification des nouvelles appellations :
16 : Gear Shift number
16 S 1920TD S: mechanical synchromesh
DXi 11 380 hp 16, 18, 19,22 : Couple X 100Nm
AT 2412C DD 2: New Ecosplit
0: W/O Intarder
ATO 2512C OD 1: W Intarder
T: Trucks (camions)
16 S 2220 TD D: Direct Drive
O Over Drive
16 S 2220TO
DXi 11 440 hp Options:
AT 2412C TD OPTIBRAKE, VOITH, ZF, TELMA.

ATO 2512C TO

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Mechanical Gearbox Characteristics
Protection on shifts:
Lower speeds Intermittent speeds High speeds

5000

4500

4000
1L (1)
3500
Input speed (Engine rpm)

3L (5) 5L (9)
1H (2)
3000
3H (6) 5H (10)
2L(3)
7L (13)
2500
6L (11)
2H (4) 4L (7)
7H (14)
2000 4H (8) 6H (12)
8L (15)

1500
8H (16)

1000

500

290 600 1322

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Output speed (GB O/P speed)

Protection for engine against over-racing

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Mechanical Gearbox

SUPER H

N58
1258,2 km

Rapid

Slow

N14
1258,2 km

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Mechanical Gearbox

SUPER H

N58
1258,2 km

Rapid

Slow

N14
1258,2 km

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Mechanical Gearbox

SUPER H

N58
1258,2 km

Rapid

Slow

N14
1258,2 km

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Propeller shaft: its composition
Slip universal
joint
Drive line

Cardan joint

Gearbox
outlet
Drive axle
inlet

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The drive train: its composition
Cardan
Cardan de
spider
transmission
Slip
universal
joint

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The drive train: its role
the drive train provides the mechanical link
between the gearbox outlet and the drive axle inlet

Gearbox outlet Drive axle inlet

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The drive train: its role
the drive train also
provides the mechanical
link between two drive
axles

From the gearbox

outlet to the inlet
of the 1st drive axle

Between the 1st

and 2nd drive
axles

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Drive axle: definition
the last link in the power train

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 The drive axle: its reference number

Example: P1140

P = Drive axle (Pont)

0 ==4N°
11 = N° of the
of the
Admissible central
reducing
load mechanics
ongear mechanics
drive axle
0: single reduction drive axle
Other number: double reduction
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The drive axle: its reference number

Example: PMR2021

M
P == Forward
RDrive
= Rear tandem
drive
axle axleunit
A =2Front drive
=Admissible
N° axle
1 =20N°=of theofreducing
the central
onmechanics
loadgear drive axle
mechanics
0: single reduction drive axle
Other number: double reduction
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 The drive axle: its role
 It receives the rotational movement of the engine transmitted by the drive train
and then transmits it to the drive wheels via the central mechanics.

 It distributes the torque between the drive wheels.

 It provides for an additional reduction with respect to that of the gearbox.
It must change direction (by 90°) of the engine's rotational movement in the
direction of the wheels.

 It supports the load via the suspension linking it to the chassis.

 It must be quiet, reliable and have good efficiency.

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The drive axle: its composition

The drive axle consists in:

 - an axle.
 - a central portion (or drive axle body) that contains the central
mechanics, itself made up of a bevel gear set and a differential
 - reducing gears

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The drive axle: drive axle body

 It acts as a housing for the differential carrier that holds

the bevel gear set and the differential

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The drive axle: The central mechanics

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The drive axle: The bevel gear set

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The drive axle: definition of the bevel
gear set

What is the bevel gear set that allows the highest

theoretical vehicle speed (if the other kinematic
characteristics are the same)?

1. 8 x 41

2. 9 x 39

3. 10 x 41

4. 10 x 37
10 x 37

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The drive axle: definition of the bevel
gear set
The lower the drive axle ratio, the higher the theoretical
vehicle speed. To answer this question, we have to know
the lowest drive axle ratio:

1. 8 x 41  41: 8 = 5.125

2. 9 x 39  39: 9 = 4.333

3. 10 x 41  41: 10 = 4.10

4. 10 x 37  37: 10 = 3.70
4 10 x 37  37: 10 = 3.70 Obvious!
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The drive axle: definition of the bevel
gear set

What is the drive axle ratio that gives the highest torque
to be transmitted to the wheel (if the other kinematic
characteristics are the same)?

1.88 xx 41
41 It is the highest drive axle ratio, because:

1.9 x 39 The variation of the

2.10 x 41 transmitted torque is
inversely proportional to
3.10 x 37
that of the rotation speed

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The drive axle: The differential

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The drive axle: Role of the differential
In a turn, it is therefore necessary to have a system that distributes the
movement transfered to each wheel so that vehicle speed is not modified.
 It is the differential that allows a different rotational speed between the inner wheels and
the outer wheels in the turn. If the right wheel rotates in the turn at 470 rpm i.e. ω P2 = 470 rpm
the left wheel will rotate at 530 rpm i.e. ω P1 = 530 rpm.
The DIFFERENCE of 30 rpm lost by one wheel is automatically recovered by the other wheel,
hence the name DIFFERENTIAL given to this component.

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 The drive axle: Role of the differential

The inner-axle differential:

it enables the torque to be equally
shared by the two wheels and
enables the inner and outer wheels to
rotate at different speeds.

The inter-axle differential:

it enables the forward tandem unit and
rear axle to rotate at different speeds
when it is not blocked.

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 The drive axle: Differentials
 The differential acts upon the two
half-shafts, respectively driving the
left and right drive wheels, via two
tapered or planet gears mounted on
their ends.

 These two planet gears are located

inside a rotating cage connected to
the movement to be transmitted,
coming from the engine.

 This cage bears several tapered

or planet pinions, engaged with the
planet gears (their shafts are
perpendicular).

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 The drive axle: Differentials
 When the cage rotates and the vehicle is running according to a
straight line, this assembly made up of the cage, the planet pinions and
the planet gears acts as a single
assembly: the planet pinions follow
the movement of the cage but do not
rotate around themselves, and the two
planet gears rotate at the same speed.

 If the vehicle enters a turn, the

paths followed by the two drive wheels
are different and because of their
adherence to the ground they must
rotate at speeds that are also different.
The planet pinions then rotate around
themselves.
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 The drive axle: Differentials

 The movement of the cage is

always transmitted to the planet
gears, but the rotation of the planet
pinions makes it possible to adapt
the system to the different
rotational speeds of the wheels,
whose average then remains equal
to that of the cage.

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The drive axle: Role of differential lock
Inner-axle differential lock:
The main drawback of a differential is that the loss of a wheel road adhesion
immobilizes the vehicle. This is because the wheel that is spinning
accelerates to reach up to twice the speed of the cage, and the wheel that is
not spinning stops.
 On the contrary, the differential lock makes it possible to neutralize the
action of the differential and thus rescue the vehicle from a difficult situation
by driving the 2 twin fitments at the same speed and with the same torque.

Inter-axle differential lock:

Differential equipped with a lock remote control and integrated into the
central mechanics of the middle drive axle.

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The drive axle: Simple or double reduction
Simple
reduction
drive axle

Double reduction
drive axle

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The drive axle: the reducing gear

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 The drive axle: the reducing gear
Reducing gears with bevel pinions:

This type of
reducing gear with a
planetary gear train
is a differential with
one fixed planet
gear.

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 The drive axle: 2 types of mechanics
in the wheel hubs

Simple reduction drive axle Double reduction drive axle

(in the hubs)

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Drive axles:
double reduction simple reduction
large hub carrier small hub carrier

small central large central

mechanics mechanics

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Drive axles:
double reduction simple reduction

more compact

The central mechanics

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 Simple reduction: advantages for customers
 Lower cost
 Less ground clearance:
lower centre of gravity for the vehicle and thus
improved stability and better road behaviour
(ex: for transport of high loads)
^

 Dead weight:
better payload:
 Less parts submitted to friction: reduction of energy
loss due to splash lubrication, thus excellent energy
efficiency, and thus
Consumption is reduced
 Narrower rear track:
better maneuverability in urban areas

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Double reduction: advantages for customers
 Higher clearance:
Higher vehicle crossing capacity,
and mobility in difficult terrain

Greater reduction capacity and thus

increased torque at the wheel:
better "pull-out" capacity

 Divides transmission effort in the wheel shaft

in half: improved drive axle durability
for heavy duty applications

 Wider rear track:

better stability on a cant

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Usage:
Simple reduction drive axle
Road use: distribution, express deliveries, long distance,
refrigerated transport, high loads, etc.

Double reduction drive axle

Heavy-duty use: construction, construction site access, refuse
collector, driving off-road, animal transport, overload, frequent
start-up on hills, etc.

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P 1395 13 X 41

14 X 38 - 14 X 41

16 X 37 – 16 X 41

17 X 35 – 17 X 37
DXi 11 381 Kg
17 X 41 – 19 X 37

20 X 37 – 21 X 37
DOUBLE
REDUCTION
22 X 37 – 23 X 37

24 X 37 – 25 X 37

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 Actions cost/reduce Money
1. Eyes : Regard zones on display

2. Hands: Gearbox shifts

3. Feet: Depress accelerator / brake pedals

4. Mind : Estimation / calculation / decision

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 Driving within zones JE VEILLE
Difference: utilizing the center
Of zone Green: 1100 - 1400 Tr/mn

E-TECH

dCi 11

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Driving within Zones
Generally: utilize the
Green : 1000 - 1500 Tr/mn

DXi

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 Down slopes
Generally:

 Never depress accelerator pedal

- Utilize auxiliary brake system available.

Accelerator released = Consumption 0

 Select appropriateGearshift to stabilize the vehicle

Utilize the different ranges of Retarder.

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 Down Slope
Slow down the truck :

 Utilise permanently available auxiliary brake

system

To reduce RPM for the Engine

 when rpm reaches 2200 Trs/mn

 brake fast to reduce rpm to 1500 Trs/mn

 Do it as much as needed.

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 ATTENTION :
Do NOT RUN OVER
2200 trs/mn
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 Up Slope

Generally:

Never drive at speed lower than 1100 Tr/mn

 select appropriate gear shift to stabilize engine within:

1100 - 1400 Tr/mn

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Cruise Control LES RALENTISSEURS

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Engine speed control

1). Function button depression

2). Memorizing speed

increase speed R+
Reduce speed S-

3). Release memorize button

4). Idle speed

Memorize idle speed

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 Speed Control

Functions after 30 km/hr, no need to

depress accelerator pedal;
Coupled with brake system

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 Ralentisseurs
Only above
Memorizing a speed / velocity
(> 30 km/h)
Press ON

Press R + to increase Press S - to reduce

speed speed

Accelerate on
pedal or:

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 Security

An action on:
Brake Pedal,
Hand/park brake,
Auxiliary Brake
Switching off the command button

This stops cruise control.

Disappears from display

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