Biyani's Think Tank

Concept based notes

jktLFkku dk bfrgkl ¼izkjEHk ls 1956 bZLoh rd½

BA

Mrs. Malti Vashishtha

Deptt. of Education
Biyani Girls B.Ed. College, Jaipur
Published by :

Think Tanks

Biyani Group of Colleges

Concept & Copyright :

Biyani Shikshan Samiti

Sector-3, Vidhyadhar Nagar,

Jaipur-302 023 (Rajasthan)

Ph : 0141-2338371, 2338591-95 Fax : 0141-2338007

E-mail : acad@biyanicolleges.org

Website :www.gurukpo.com; www.biyanicolleges.org

First Edition : 2011

While every effort is taken to avoid errors or omissions in this Publication, any
mistake or omission that may have crept in is not intentional. It may be taken note of that
neither the publisher nor the author will be responsible for any damage or loss of any kind
arising to anyone in any manner on account of such errors and omissions.

Leaser Type Setted by :

Biyani College Printing Department

 Preface

I am glad to present this book, especially designed to serve the needs of the

students. The book has been written keeping in mind the general weakness in understanding
the fundamental concepts of the topics. The book is self-explanatory and adopts the “Teach
Yourself” style. It is based on question-answer pattern. The language of book is quite easy
and understandable based on scientific approach.

Any further improvement in the contents of the book by making corrections, omission and
inclusion is keen to be achieved based on suggestions from the readers for which the author
shall be obliged.

I acknowledge special thanks to Mr. Rajeev Biyani, Chairman & Dr. Sanjay Biyani, Director
(Acad.) Biyani Group of Colleges, who are the backbones and main concept provider and also
have been constant source of motivation throughout this Endeavour. They played an active
role in coordinating the various stages of this Endeavour and spearheaded the publishing
work.

I look forward to receiving valuable suggestions from professors of various educational

institutions, other faculty members and students for improvement of the quality of the book.
The reader may feel free to send in their comments and suggestions to the under mentioned
address.

Author
 Contents
S.No. Name of Chapter

1 jktLFkku dh HkkSxksfyd fo’ks"krk,a ,oa bfrgkl ds fuekZ.k esa mldh Hkwfedk

2 jktLFkku ds bfrgkl ds eq[; Lkzksr

jktLFkku esa iwoZ ik"kk.k ,oa e/; ik"kk.kdkyhu laLd`fr;kWa rkezik"kkf.kd ,oa rkez;qxhu
3 laLd`fr;ksa dh fo’ks"krk,a ,oa foLrkj ¼vkgM+] ckykFky] x.ks’oj½
dkyhcaaxk laLd`fr dh fo’ks"krk,¡] ykSg;qxhu laLd`fr;k
4 eRL; tuin ,oa dchykbZ tkfr;ka
5 jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk
6 xqfgy] xqtZj izfrgkj ,oa pkgekuksa ¼pkSgkuks½a dk vH;qn; vkSj foLrkj
egkjk.kk dqEHkk ,oa lkaxk ds v/khu esokM+ ,oa LorU=rk ds fy, egkjk.kk izrki dk
7
la?k"kZ
8 jktLFkku esa ejkBk vkØe.k vkSj mlds ifj.kke
9 jktLFkku ij fczfV’k vkf/kiR; vkSj mlds ifj.kke
10 fczfV’k vkf/kiR; dky esa iz’kklfud] U;kf;d] lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd ifjorZu
11 ued o vQhe O;kikj ij fczfV’k ,dkf/kdkj
12 jktLFkku esa 1857 bZ0 dk foIyo
13 jktLFkku esa d`"kd ,oa tutkfr vkUnksyu
14 jktLFkku esa jk"Vªh;rk dk mn~Hko] iztke.Myksa dh LFkkiuk vkSj Lok/khurk vkUnksyu
15 jkTkLFkkuh jkT;ksa dk ,dhdj.k
16 eqxy jktiwr lg;ksx
17 jktLFkku esa dyk vkSj LFkkiR;
18 jktLFkku esa lkeUrh O;oLFkk
19 'kCnkoyh
 v/;k;&1

Geographical features of Rajasthan and their role in the formation of History

jktLFkku dh HkkSxksfyd fo’ks"krk,a ,oa bfrgkl ds fuekZ.k esa mldh Hkwfedk

oLrqfu"B iz’u&
1. izkphu dky ls e/; ;qx rd jktLFkku dks uke ls iqdkjk tkrk FkkA
¼v½ tkaxyns’k ¼c½ e:LFky ¼l½ jktLFkku ¼n½ eRL; jkT; ¼v½
2. fdl izfl) bfrgkldkj us] jktLFkku dks loZizFke ^jk;Fku* uke fn;k Fkk \
¼v½ xkSjh’kadj ghjkpUn vks>k ¼c½ dfojkt ';keynkl
¼l½ duZy tsEl VkWM ¼n½ MkW- n’kjFk 'kekZ ¼l½
3. chdkusj ds 'kkld Lo;a dks dgrs Fks&
¼v½ 'kkld ¼c½ tkaxy?kj ckn’kkg ¼l½ ckn’kkg ¼n½ egkjktkf/kjkt ¼c½
4. mn;iqj dk izkphu uke Fkk&
¼v½ ckaxM+ ¼c½ ekjokM+ ¼l½ fdao ¼n½ esn ¼l½
5. jktLFkku dks HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr ds vuqlkj fdrus Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gS&
¼v½ rhu ¼c½ nks ¼l½ ikap ¼n½ lkr ¼l½
6. jktLFkku dh lcls cM+h unh gS&
¼v½ cukl unh ¼c½ pEcy unh ¼l½ ywuh unh ¼n½ [kkjh unh ¼c½
7. jktLFkku esa izk;% vdky jgrk gS&
¼v½ t;iqj esa ¼c½ mn;iqj esa ¼l½ tSlyesj esa ¼n½ vtesj esa ¼l½
8. izkphudky esa orZeku lkaHkj dks dgk tkrk Fkk&
¼v½ bUnzizLFk ¼c½ esyokV ¼l½ izkXokV ¼n½ 'kkdEHkjh
¼n½
9. tSlyesj dk izkphu uke Fkk&
¼v½ ekM ¼c½ dkWaVy ¼l½ ew<+ksy ¼n½ esoy
¼v½
y?kqŸkjkRed iz’u &
By which various names was Rajasthan called from ancient time to medieval time?
iz0&10 izkphu dky ls e/; ;qx rd ^jktLFkku* dks fdu&fdu ukeksa ls iqdkjk tkrk jgk gS \

mŸkj izkphu dky ls e/; ;qx rd] orZeku tks/kiqj] chdkusj dks tkaxy ns’k] dq: tkaxyk] eknsz; tkaxyk
ds ckn esa e:okj vkSj ekjokM+ dgk tkus yxkA Mwaxjiqj] ckalokM+k {ks= dks esoy] ckaxM+] tSlyesj
dks ekM] ekgh unh izrkix<+ {ks= dks dkaVy] mn;iqj dks fdao uke ls tkuk tkrk FkkA
In how many divisions can Rajasthan divided on geography bases?
iz0&11 cukoV ds vk/kkj ij jktLFkku dks dqy fdrus Hkkxksa esa ckaVk tk ldrk gS \

mŸkj HkkSxksfyd cukoV ds vk/kkj ij jktLFkku dks dqy 5 Hkkxksa esa ckaVk tk ldrk gSA
& ioZrh; izns’k
& iBkjh Hkkx
& eSnkuh Hkkx
& jsfxLrkuh {ks=
& unh; {ks=

Who are hilly regions of Rajasthan?

iz0&12 jktLFkku ds ioZrh; izns’k dkSu&dkSuls gSa \

mŸkj ioZrh; izn’s k& ioZrh; Jsf.k;k¡ iwjs jktLFkku dks nks Hkkxksa esa ckaVrh gSaA ftls jktLFkku dk iwohZ o
if’peh Hkkx dgk tkrk gSA ;s ioZr Jsf.k;k¡ vjkoyh ioZr ds uke ls izfl) gSaA vjkoyh ioZr&
mn;iqj] ckalokM+k] Mwaxjiqj rFkk izrkix<+ esa pkSM+s gks x;s gSaA
ekm.V vkcw ds xq: f’k[kj esa ;s ioZr Js.kh lcls Å¡ph gSA vjkoyh dh ,d ioZr Js.kh&
ek.Myx<+] dksVk] cwanh] >kykokM+ rd QSyh gqbZ gSA
tks/kiqj esa ;s vyx igkM+h ds :i esa rFkk tSlyesj esa Å¡ps Vhys ds :i esa fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA

Which are famous rivers of the Rajasthan?

iz0&13 jktLFkku dh izfl) ufn;k¡ dkSu&dkSulh gSa \

mŸkj jktLFkku esa ljLorh vkSj n`"k}rh izeq[k ufn;k¡ gSa& buds fdukjs Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dk fodkl gqvk]
ysfdu vc bu ufn;ksa ds lw[k tkus ds dkj.k vc ;s cjlkrh unh ds :i esa jg xbZ gSaA ?k??kj unh
vo’; cgrh gqbZ fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA
nf{k.k&if’peh <+yku okyh unh esa tks e/; izns’k jktLFkku ds mŸkjh Hkkx esa cgrh gSaA
cukl] csMp vkSj [kkjh bldh lgk;d ufn;k¡ gSaA
 What do you know about the arid regions of Rajasthan?
iz&14 jktLFkku ds e:LFkyh; {ks= ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gSa \

mŸkj ;s jktLFkku dk lcls cM+k jsfxLrkuh Hkkx gSA ;s vjkoyh ds if’peh Hkkx esa QSyk gqvk gSA bl {ks=
esa tks/kiqj] ckM+esj] chdkusj] tSlyesj ds vf/kdka’k Hkkx lfEefyr gSaA
;gka ikuh dh vR;f/kd deh gSA lSfud n`f"V ls ;s egRoiw.kZ lEHkkx& bldh lhek iM+kSlh ns’k
ikfdLrku ls feyrh gSA
ysfdu rirs jsfxLrku o ikuh dh deh ds dkj.k vkØe.kdkjh tYnh ls geyk djus dk lkgl ugha
djrsA
What do you know about the ground of Rajasthan?
iz&15 jktLFkku ds eSnkuh Hkkxksa ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gSa \

mŸkj vtesj] fd’kux<+] t;iqj] esokr dk nf{k.kh Hkkx&eSnkuh Hkkx ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ Hkwfe
mitkÅ gS vkSj blfy, ;gk¡ dh lkekftd vkfFkZd fLFkfr FkksM+h vyx gSA eSnkuh Hkkx gksus ds
dkj.k] jktLFkku ds bl Hkkx dks ;q) ds le; vkfFkZd ladV mBkus iM+s gSaA

Which are Hilly regions of Rajasthan?

iz&16 jktLFkku ds iBkjh {ks= dkSu&dkSuls gSa \

mŸkj jktLFkku dk iBkjh Hkkx fpŸkkSM+ ls csax]w fctkSfy;k] ek.Myx<+ rFkk gkM+kSrh ds vklikl QSyk gqvk
gSA ioZrh; {ks=ksa dh vis{kk] iBkjh Hkkx dh ÅapkbZ de gksus ds dkj.k ;gka igkM+h {ks= dh vis{kk
vkuk tkuk ljy gSA rFkk ;s igkM+h Hkkx dh vis{kk mitkÅ Hkh gSA

fucU/kkRed iz’u&
How has the geographical position do influenced the people of Rajasthan?
iz&17 jktLFkku dh HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr us ;gk¡ ds tuthou dks fdl rjg izHkkfor fd;k gS\

mŸkj jktLFkku ds tu thou esa tyok;q vkSj o"kkZ dk vR;f/kd egRo jgk gSA
[kkl rkSj ij if’peh jktLFkku esa vdky gh jgrk gS vkSj ;gk¡ dk tyok;q Hkh 'kq"d gS] ogh nwljh
vksj xeZ o /kwy Hkjh gok,a ;gk¡ ds fuokfl;ksa dks lq[k pSu ls ugha jgus nsrhaA
;gk¡ dk tu thou vklku u gksus ds dkj.k] fons’kh vkØe.kdkjh Hkh ;gk¡ LFkk;h vf/kdkj djus ds
bPNqd ugha jgs gSaA
ekjokM+ fot; ds ckn 'ksj’kkg us dgk Fkk& ^^eqëh Hkj cktjs ds fy, eSus fnYyh dh lYrur [kks nh
gksrh** mlus ckn esa bl {ks= ij vkØe.k djus dh fgEer ugha dhA
nwljh vksj jktLFkku ds nf{k.kh iwohZ Hkkx& dksVk] fpŸkkSM+] ckalokM+k esa vf/kd o"kkZ gksrh gSA
vf/kd o"kkZ ds dkj.k ;gk¡ dh Hkwfe ?kus isM+ ikS/kksa ls <dh gSA ;gka ls izkIr gksus okyh ouLifr tgk¡
,d vksj LFkkuh; m|ksxksa dks c<+kok nsrh gSa] ogh nwljh vksj lkekU; O;fDr;ksa ds thou o
jgu&lgu esa le`f) >ydrh gSA ?kus taxy gksus ls ;gk¡ vusd izdkj ds i'kq ik;s tkrs gSaA
tgk¡xhj us ;gka ds taxyksa dks vk[ksV ds fy, cgqr mi;ksxh crk;k gSA blds vfrfjDr cgqewY;
ydfM+;ksa ls LFkkuh; O;olk; Hkh py jgs gSaA
;s fgLlk i;ZVdksa ds vkd"kZ.k dk dsUnz Hkh jgk gSA
jktLFkku dh izkd`frd fLFkfr esa fo"kerk ,oa fofo/krk gksrs gq, Hkh ioZr Js.kh dk flyflyk] ufn;ksa
dk cgko rFkk e:LFky dk QSyko ,d dksus ls nwljs dksus rd gksus ls ;g lewps izns’k dks ,drk
ds lw= esa ck¡/krk gSA
;gk¡ dh HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr jktuSfrd lhekvksa ds fuekZ.k esa cM+h lgk;d jgh gSA
ysfdu if’peh jktLFkku ds vf/kdka’k Hkkx ds jsfxLrkuh gksus ls] ikuh o o"kkZ ds vHkko ls ;gka ds
yksxksa dks ifjJeh thou thuk iM+rk gSA
nf{k.kh jktLFkku esa nfjnzrk gksus ds dkj.k ;gka ds yksx lEiUu ugha gSa] fdUrq 'kkS;Z] ohjrk] o
Li"Vokfnrk muds O;ogkj esa ns[kus dks feyrh gSA
v/;k;&2
Main sources of the History of Rajasthan
jktLFkku ds bfrgkl ds eq[; Lkzksr

oLrqfu"B iz’u&
1. bfrgkl tkuus ds lcls izekf.kd Lkzksr gksrs gSaA
¼v½ ;’kksxkFkk ¼c½ Lekjd ¼l½ iqjkrkfRod Lkzksr ¼n½ lkfgR; ¼l½

2. jktLFkku dk xtsfV;j dgk tkrk gS&

¼v½ in~ekor ¼c½ ekjokM+ jk ijxuk jh foxr ¼l½ in~ekor ¼n½ i`Fohjkt jklkS
¼c½
3. ^vpynkl [khaph jh opfudk* ds ys[kd Fks&
¼v½ pkj.k ohjHkku ¼c½ pkj.k f’konkl
¼l½ f[kfM+;k tXxk ¼n½ eq.gksr uS.klh
¼c½
4. ftu f’kykys[kksa esa 'kkldksa dh ;’kksxkFkk gksrh gS mls dgrs gSa\
¼v½ rkezi= ¼c½ Lekjd ¼l½ iz’kalk ¼n½ iz’kfLr
¼n½
5. ^ekjokM+ jk ijxuk jh foxr* ds ys[kd gSa \
¼v½ n;kynkl ¼c½ ckadhnkl ¼l½ eq.gksr uS.klh ¼n½ eqdqUnnkl
¼l½
6. eq.Mh;kj jh [;kr dk fo"k; gSa\
¼v½ ekjokM+ ds jkBkSM+ ¼c½ dksVk ds gkM+k ¼l½ fllksfn;k ¼n½ dNokgk ¼v½

7. jkt iz’kfLr ds ys[kd dkSu Fkk \

¼v½ ckadhnkl ¼c½ fo|k/kj ¼l½ e.Mu ¼n½ j.kNksM+ Hkê ¼n½

8. v’kksd dkyhu vkys[k jktLFkku esa fLFkr gSA

¼v½ mn;iqj ¼c½ tks/kiqj ¼l½ Hkkczw ¼n½ vtesj ¼l½

9. lokZf/kd izkphu Qkjlh ys[k gSaA

¼v½ fojkV uxj esa ¼c½ yky fdys ij
¼l½ <+kbZ fnu ds >ksiM+s ij ¼n½ Qrsgiqj lhdjh esa
¼l½
10. ^jktiwrkus dk vcqy Q+t+y dgk tkrk gSA
¼v½ uSulh dks ¼c½ ckadhnkl ds ¼l½ pUnzojnk;h dks ¼n½ n;kynkl dks
¼v½
11. jktoYyHk dk ys[kd dkSu Fkk \
¼v½ lw;Zey feJ.k ¼c½ ckadhnkl ¼l½ jk.kk dqEHkk ¼n½ e.Mu ¼n½

12. vfHkys[k ftlesa pkgeku 'kkldksa ¼lkaHkj dh½ miyfC/k dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS&
¼v½ vFkZw.kk vfHkys[k ¼c½ e.Mksj dk vfHkys[k
¼l½ cM+yh iz’rj vfHkys[k ¼n½ g"kZukFk eafnj vfHkys[k ¼n½

13. vk/kqfud dky esa jktLFkku dk bfrgkl fy[kus dk izFke iz;kl djus okys ys[kd Fks&
¼v½ ';keynkl ¼c½ xkSjh’kadj ghjkpan vks>k
¼l½ duZy VkWM ¼n½ eqg.kksr uS.klh
¼l½
y?kqŸkjkRed iz’u&

What are the chief sources of Rajasthan history ?

iz&14 jktLFkku dk bfrgkl tkuus ds eq[; lk/ku dkSu&dkSuls gSa \

mŸkj jktLFkku dk bfrgkl tkuus ds eq[; lk/kuksa dks fuEufyf[kr Hkkxksa essa foHkkftr fd;k tk
ldrk gS &
iqjkrkfRod lzkrs
iqjkys[kh; lzksr ,sfrgkfld lkfgR;
LFkkiR; ,oa fp=dyk
vk/kqfud ,sfrgkfld xzUFk ,oa bfrgkldkj

What do you know about the Archoelogical Sources?

iz&15 ^iqjkrkfRod Lkzksrksa* ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gSa\

mŸkj iqjkrkfRod lzkrs ls vfHkizk; [kkstksa vkSj mR[kuu ls feyus okyh lkexzh ls gSA
mR[kuu ls izkIr lkexzh ls ,sfrgkfld dkyØe ds fu/kkZj.k] ml le; ds lkekftd]
vkfFkZd ,oa jktuSfrd o /kkfeZd fLFkfr dh tkudkjh feyrh gSA
tSls guqekux<+ ds fudV jaxegy dh [kqnkbZ esa e`n~Hkk.M dqN [kqjnjs eVeSys Fks]
/khjs&/khjs mUgksusa blesa lq/kkj fd;k vkSj ckn ds e`n~Hkk.M fpdukiu fy, gq, vyad`r fd,
gq, feysA
blh izdkj ckykFky ¼mn;iqj½ esa mR[kuu esa rkez vk;q) ¼gfFk;kj½ izkIr gq, gSaA
vkgM+ dh [kqnkbZ esa dkys iRFkjksa ls cus edku mR[kuu esa izkIr gq, gSaA dkap o iRFkj ds
e.kds] eqgjsa vkfn izkIr gq, gSaA
 mR[kuu dh lkexzh ls ml ;qx ds lkekftd] vkfFkZd /kkfeZd fLFkfr ds fu/kkZj.k esa
enn feyrh gSA ;s egRoiw.kZ vkSj fo’oluh; Lkzksr gksrs gSaA
Write in brief archological sources to know the history of Rajasthan?
iz&16 jktLFkku ds bfrgkl tkuus ds iqjkys[kh; Lkzksrksa dk laf{kIr foospu dhft,A

mŸkj ;s ys[k iRFkj dh f’kykvks]a iês] izLrj] Hkou] xqQk efUnj dh nhokjks]a Lrwi] eBks]a dq,a] ckoM+h
[ksrksa ds lehi x<+h gqbZ f’kyk o rkez i=ksa ij fy[ks jgrs gSaA ftlls ml le; dh fLFkfr]
jkT; o vU; tkudkfj;ka feyrh gSaA
;s laLd`r] fgUnh] jktLFkkuh Qkjlh o mnwZ fdlh Hkh Hkk"kk esa gks ldrs gSaA ftu f’kykys[kksa
esa ek= fdlh 'kkld dh miyfC/k dh ;’kksxkFkk gksrh gS] mls ^iz’kfLr* Hkh dgrs gSaA tSls&
egkjk.kk dqEHkk }kjk fufeZr ^dhfrZLrEHk* iz’kfLr] egkjk.kk jktflag dh ^jkt iz’kfLr*
egRoiw.kZ ekuh tkrh gSaA
Write in brief the 'literary sources' to know the history of Rajasthan?
iz&17 jktLFkku dk bfrgkl tkuus esa ^lkfgfR;d Lkzksrksa dk laf{kIr foospu dhft,A

mŸkj ^lkfgfR;d Lkzksr*] laLd`r] jktLFkkuh] fgUnh] mnwZ] Qkjlh Hkk"kk esa fy[ks gq, xzUFk ;k iqLrdsa
gSaA tks gesa ml le; dk bfrgkl tkuus esa enn djrh gaSA
;s lkfgR; mijksDr esa ls fdlh Hkh Hkk"kk esa fy[kk tk ldrk gSA izk;% ;s lkfgR;] ml le;
fo’ks"k ls iz;ksx esa yk;s tkus okyh Hkk"kk esa fy[kk tkrk gSA le; fo’ks"k esa fy[kk x;k ;s
lkfgR;] rkRdkyhu bfrgkl ds egRoiw.kZ lk/ku gksrs gSaA
What do you understand by archives sources?
iz&18 vfHkys[kkxkjh; Lkzksrksa ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\

mŸkj bfrgkl tkuus ds bl lk/ku ls gekjk vfHkizk;% fyf[kr cgh] iêks]a fjiksVZ] Qjeku Qkbyksa]
vkfn ls gSA ;fn ;s vfHkys[k ml le; dh jktuSfrd] lkekftd] vkfFkZd] lkaLd`frd]
/kkfeZd n’kk ij izdk’k Mkyrs gSa] rks ;s Hkh bfrgkl tkuus ds vfHkys[kkxkjh; Lkzksr ekus tkrs
gSa rFkk bfrgkl tkuus ds egRoiw.kZ lk/ku gksrs gSaA

How to know more about the 'history of Rajasthan' through Sanskrit sources?
iz&19 jktLFkku ds bfrgkl tkuus ds ^^laLd`r lzkrs ** dkSu&dkSuls gSa\

mŸkj laLd`r Hkk"kk esa fy[ks ;s lkfgR; Hkh jktLFkku ds bfrgkl tkuus ds egRoiw.kZ lk/ku gSaA ;s
fuEukuqlkj gSa&
t;kud }kjk jfpr ^i`Fohjkt fot;*& ;s pkSgku oa’k ds 'kkldksa ls lEcfU/kr lkfgR; gSA
u;u pUnz lwfj }kjk jfpr&^gehj egkdkO;* esa j.kFkEHkkSj ds pkSgku 'kkldksa ds ckjs esa
tkudkjh feyrh gSA
pUnz’ks[kj }kjk jfpr& ^lqtZu pfjr* ls jktLFkku ds lkekftd thou dh tkudkjh feyrh
gSA
 esokM+ ds izeq[k ^f’kYih e.Mu* }kjk jfpr& ^jktoYyHk* esa esokM+ ds egkjk.kkvksa ds le; dh
tkudkjh feyrh gSA
es:rqax }kjk jfpr& ^izcU/k fparke.kh* jktLFkku ds bfrgkl ls lEcfU/kr lkfgR; gSA
j.kNksM+ Hkê }kjk jfpr& ^vej dkO;* oa’kkoyh esa ckik jkoy ls& egkjk.kk jktflag rd dk
esokM+ dk bfrgkl miyC/k gSA
vr% ;s laLd`r lkfgR; Lkzksr jktkvksa ds 'kklu ij iw.kZ izdk’k Mkyrs gSaA
fucU/kkRed iz’u
What do you know about Rajasthan modern historians and their writings?
iz&20 jktLFkku ds vk/kqfud bfrgkldkjksa ,oa mudh izeq[k jpukvksa ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gSa\

mŸkj jktLFkku ds vk/kqfud bfrgkldkjksa esa loZizFke duZy VkWM us] jktLFkku ds bfrgkl dks
fy[kus dk iz;kl 'kq: fd;kA VkWM dk lqizfl) xzUFk ^,uyl* dk izFke [k.M 1829 bZ- esa
vkSj nwljk [k.M ^^if’peh Hkkjr dh ;k=k** ds uke ls VkWM dh e`R;q ds ckn 1839 bZ - esa
izdkf’kr gqvkA
brus egRoiw.kZ gksrs gq, Hkh ;s xzUFk nks"k;qDr gSaA jktiwr tkfr o 'kkldksa ds ckjs esa duZy
VkWM dk fooj.k viw.kZ gSA duZy VkWM us viuh iqLrd esa fy[kus ls iwoZ miyC/k ,sfrgkfld
Lkzksrksa dk mi;ksx ugha fd;k] vr% mlds bfrgkl esa fo’oluh;rk de gSA
vk/kqfud dfo;ksa esa lw;Zey feJ.k dk uke mYys[kuh; gSA mudh izfl) jpuk,a& oa’k
HkkLdj] ohj lrlbZ] cypf}ykl] NsnksHkewy] lrhjklks] /kkrq :ikoyh vkfn jktLFkku
bfrgkl tkuus ds egRoiw.kZ lk/ku gSaA ;s cawnh ds egkjko jkeflag ds njckjh dfo FksA
lw;Zey feJ.k d`r ^oa’k HkkLdj* esa jktLFkku dk gh ugha] mŸkjh Hkkjr dh tkudkjh ds fy,
Hkh ;s egRoiw.kZ xzUFk gSA
MkW- dkuwuxks us ,sfrgkfld n`f"V ls ^i`Fohjkt jklks*a dks Hkh egRoiw.kZ xzUFk ekuk gSA
dfojktk ';keynkl dh jpuk ^^ohj fouksn** tks pkj [k.Mksa esa foHkDr gSA fczfV’k ljdkj us
^dslj , fgUn* dh mikf/k ls lEekfur fd;kA
xkSjh’kadj ghjkpUn vks>k izfl) bfrgkldkj o iqjkrRoosrk FksA 1911 esa mUgksus fljksgh jkT;
dk bfrgkl] fllksfn;k jkT; dk bfrgkl] chdkusj jkT; dk bfrgkl fy[kk A vaxzsth
ljdkj us mUgsa vtesj cqykdj E;wft;e D;wjsVj ¼v/;{k½ cuk fn;k FkkA
eqa’khnsoh izlkn us vjch o Qkjlh Hkk"kk,a lh[kh rFkk ^gqek;w¡ukek*] ^tgk¡xhjukek*] ^ckcjukek*]
Qkjlh xzUFkksa dk fgUnh esa vuqokn fd;kA ^LoIu jktLFkku* Hkh muds }kjk fy[kk x;kA ;s
lkfgR; vk/kqfud jktiwr 'kkldksa ds pfj= dks fo’kq) :i esa izLrqr djrk gSA
jkeukFk jRuw d`r jktLFkku dk bfrgkl fo’kky u gksrs gq, Hkh egRoiw.kZ ,sfrgkfld d`fr gSA
txnh’k flag xgyksr dh x.kuk Hkh jktLFkku ds vk/kqfud bfrgkldkjksa esa dh tkrh gSA
mUgksus rhu [k.Mksa esa ^jktLFkku dk bfrgkl** izdkf’kr fd;k] izFke&[k.M esa djkSyh ds
;kno] tSlyesj ds HkkVh jkt?kjkuksa dk fooj.k gSA nwljs [k.M esa vtesj] t;iqj ds
 dNokgk rFkk vyoj ds u:dk jkT; dk bfrgkl gSA muds v/kwjs dk;Z dks muds iq=
lq[kchj flag xgyksr us iwjk fd;kA
jktLFkku ds fuoklh bu bfrgkldkj vkSj mudh jpukvksa ds izfr d`rK jgsaxsA
What do you understand by Khyat Literature? Write in detail about important Khyats

iz'u&21 [;kr lkfgR; ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \ egRoiw.kZ [;krksa dk foospu dhft,A

mŸkj jktLFkku ds bfrgkl dks tkuus esa ^[;kr lkfgR;* dk viuk LFkku gSA ,slk lkfgR; tks
^[;kfr* izfrikfnr djs iz’kalk esa fy[kk tk;s] [;kr lkfgR; dgykrk gSA [;kr ys[kd jkt
njckj esa jgus okys pkj.k o HkkV gksrs FksA [;kr ys[kd jktLFkkuh Hkk"kk esa] x| esa fy[kk
x;k lkfgR; gS] ysfdu eq.kgksr uS.klh jh [;kr viokn gSA blesa ,sfrgkfld Lkzksrksa ls
tkudkfj;k¡ yh xbZ gSA vU; [;krdkjksa us fdu ,sfrgkfld Lkzksrksa dh lgk;rk yh gS] bldk
ftØ rd Hkh ugha fd;k gSA [;kr lkfgR; lR; ds T;knk djhc ugha gSA bl dkj.k bl
lkfgR; dks izkekf.kd ekuus esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA fQj Hkh budk viuk egRo gS] ;gk¡ dqN
izeq[k [;krksa dh tkudkjh nh tk jgh gSA
eq.kgksr uS.klh jh [;kr lkfgR; esa lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ [;kr lkfgR; gSA eq.kgksr uS.klh jh
[;kr lokZf/kd izfl) Hkh gSA blesa flU/k xqtjkr e/; Hkkjr vkfn izns’k o 'kkldksa dk Hkh
o.kZu feyrk gSA
n;kynkl jh [;kr blesa chdkusj ds jkBkSM+ksa ls ysdj tks/kiqj ds jko tks/kk rd dh iwjh
tkudkjh feyrh gSA
jktk ekuflag jh [;kr bl [;kr ls tks/kiqj ujs’k ekuflag ds le; dh ?kVukvksa dk irk
pyrk gSA
eq.Mh;kj jh [;kr blesa 200 ckrksa dk laxzg gS] blls jktLFkku dh ,sfrgkfld] lkekftd
vkfFkZd fLFkfr dh tkudkjh feyrh gSA blesa jktiwr oa’kksa dh ,sfrgkfld ?kVukvksa]
lkekftd] vkfFkZd fLFkfr dh tkudkjh feyrh gSA
QykSnh] lkapkSj] tSlyesj dh [;kr blesa QykSnh] lkapkSj] tSlyesj ds bfrgkl dks tkuus esa
enn feyrh gSA
fd’kux<+ dh [;kr ls fd’kux<+ ds bfrgkl dh tkudkjh feyrh gSA
ckadhnkl jh [;kr& ckadhnkl us egkjktk ekuflag ds jkt njckj esa loksZP; LFkku izkIr
fd;k FkkA ckadhnkl us viuh jpukvksa ls vaxzstksa dks dkQh izrkfM+r fd;k] mudh jpukvksa
^^vk;ks vaxzst eqYd js Åij** xhr us jktLFkku esa cgqr izflf) izkIr dhA blls ckadhnkl dh
jk"Vªh; Hkkouk dk irk pyrk gS] iw.kZ o Øfed bfrgkl izpkj tkuus esa ^ckadhnkl dh [;kr*
,d vk/kkj&xzUFk ds :i esa lgk;d gks ldrh gSA
v/;k;&3
Chief characteristics of Paleolithic, Mesolithic chalcolithic and copperage
culture and their extension (ahead, Balathal, Ganeshwar )
characteristics of Kalibanga culture

jktLFkku esa iwoZ ik"kk.k ,oa e/; ik"kk.kdkyhu laLd`fr;kWa rkezik"kkf.kd ,oa rkez;qxhu
laLd`fr;ksa dh fo’ks"krk,a ,oa foLrkj ¼vkgM+] ckykFky] x.ks’oj½
dkyhcax a k laLd`fr dh fo’ks"krk,¡] ykSg;qxhu laLd`fr;k¡

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- bfrgkldkjksa us iwoZ&ik"kk.kdky dk foHkktu ftlds vk/kkj ij fd;k gS] og gS &

¼v½ ioZr vkSj ufn;k¡ ¼c½ xqQk, ,oa dUnjk,a
¼l½ ekuo 'kkL= ,oa iqjkrRo ¼n½ ik"kk.k ,oa /kkrq,a
¼n½
2- jktLFkku esa ik"kk.k;qxhu laLd`fr dk izlkj gqvk Fkk&
¼v½ izeq[k o lgk;d ufn;ksa ds fdukjs ¼c½ vjkoyh ioZr J`a[kykvksa esa
¼l½ jsfxLrku esa ¼n½ taxyksa dh dUnjkvksa esa
¼n½
3- jktLFkku esa ik"kk.k;qxhu lH;rk ds dsUnzkas ls tks lkexzh izkIr gqbZ gS] og gS&
¼v½ eqnzk,a o flDds ¼c½ f’kykys[k
¼l½ csMkSy o lkSUn;Zfoghu vkStkj ¼n½ rkez&i=
¼l½
4- vkfn ekuo dks gfFk;kjksa dh vko’;drk gqbZ] D;ksfa d&
¼v½ vkfn ekuo ij fujUrj ckgjh vkØe.k gksrs jgrs FksA
¼c½ vkfn ekuo lkezkT;oknh izd`fr dk FkkA
¼l½ viuh j{kk o thfodk ds fy,
¼n½ foØ; gsrq A
¼l½
5- mŸkj ik"kk.k dky esa ekuo us lh[k fy;k FkkA
¼v½ vkx dk iz;ksx ¼c½ yksgs dk iz;ksx
¼l½ yksgs ds gfFk;kj cukuk ¼n½ O;kikj djuk
¼v½
6- yksgk xykus dh Hkfê;k¡ feyh gSaA
¼v½ vkgM+ ls ¼c½ dkyhcaxk ls ¼l½ ckykFky ls ¼n½ x.ks’oj ls
¼l½
7- fdl izkphu lH;rk dsUnz dks rkezorh ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk FkkA
¼v½ vkgM+ ¼c½ dkyhcaxk ¼l½ fxyw.M ¼n½ x.ks’oj ¼v½
8- x.ks’oj lH;rk dk lEcU/k fdl unh ls gS \
¼v½ ljLorh ¼c½ vkgM+ ¼l½ dSryh ¼n½ flU/kq
¼v½
9- jktLFkku ds fdl orZeku ftys esa x.ks’oj LFky fLFkr gS \
¼v½ lhdj ¼c½ mn;iqj ¼l½ t;iqj ¼n½ xaxkuxj
¼v½
10- dkyhcaxk {ks= fLFkr gS &
¼v½ t;iqj esa ¼c½ HkhyokM+k esa ¼l½ dksVk esa ¼n½ guqekux<+ esa
¼n½

11- dkyhcaxk ds mR[kuu dk;Z esa ftu iqjkrRoosŸkkvksa dk izeq[k ;ksxnku jgk gS] os gSaA
¼v½ n;kjke lkguh ,oa vkj-Mh- cuthZ
¼c½ veykuUn ?kks"k ,o ach-ds- Fkkij
¼l½ MkW- uhydB.M 'kkL=h ,oa MkW- etwenkj
¼n½ tkWu ek’kZy vkSj ,p-M-h lkdfy;k
¼c½
12- dkyhcaxk dh [kqnkbZ dk dk;Z izkjEHk gqvk Fkk\
¼v½ 1945 bZ- esa ¼c½ 1966 bZ- esa ¼l½ 1980 bZ- es ¼n½ 1952 bZ- esa
¼n½
13- ;wukuh nsork viksyksa dh fp=kafdr eqnzk ftl LFky esa izkIr gqbZ og gS&
¼v½ dkyhcaxk ¼c½ /kwydksV ¼l½ vkgM+ ¼n½ fxyw.M
¼l½
14- dkyhcaxk lH;rk dh fyfi fy[kh tkrh FkhA
¼v½ nk;sa ls ck;as ¼c½ ck;sa ls nk;sa
¼l½ uhps ls Åij ¼n½ Åij ls uhps
¼v½
15- vkgM+ lH;rk ds vo’ks"k ftl [k.Mgj ds uhps ls izkIr gq, gS] og gS&
¼v½ dksV Mhxh ¼c½ dkyhcaxk ¼l½ /kwydksV ¼n½ fxyw.M
¼l½
16- vkgM+ laLd`fr gS&
¼v½ rkezik"kk.k dkyhu ¼c½ ykSg;qxhu
¼l½ dkaL;;qxhu ¼n½ e/;ik"kk.k dkyhu
¼v½
17- gM+Iik o dkyhcaxk laLd`fr dk fo/oal gqvk&
¼v½ HkwdEi ls ¼c½ ck<+ ls ¼l½ lw[kk iM+us ls ¼n½ egkekjh ls
¼l½
y?kqŸkjkRed iz’u&
Where are found the centres of pre stone civilization in Rajasthan?
iz&18 jktLFkku esa iwoZ&ik"kk.k;qxhu lH;rk ds dsUnz dgka&dgka ik;s x;s gSa \

mŸkj mR[kuu ls izkIr vo’ks"kksa ls ;g izekf.kr gqvk gS fd orZeku esa ckalokM+k] cwUnh] dksVk] bUnzx<+ vkfn
ftyksa rFkk rglhyksa esa ik"kk.k&;qxhu ekuo jgrk FkkA
losZ{k.k ls ;g iqf"V gqbZ gS fd esokM+ {ks= esa bfrgkl izokg lrr jgk gSA bldk Øe dHkh Hkax ugha
gqvkA
Mention content of Stoneage culture?
iz&19 e/; ik"kk.k dkyhu laLd`fr ds dsUnzkas ds uke crkb, \

mŸkj bl dky dh lH;rk ds vo’ks"k jktLFkku ds ckM+ejs ftys ds fryokM+k] iapHknjk unh ?kkVh] lkaty
{ks=] HkhyokM+k ds ckxksj vkSj >kykokM+ dsUnzksa ls izkIr gq, gSaA

Write about the content of copper age civilization?

iz&20 rkez;qxhu lH;rk ds izeq[k LFky crkb,&

mŸkj mn;iqj ftys dk vkgM+] lhdj dk x.ks’oj] ckykFky ¼mn;iqj½] lhdj ftys dk x.ks’oj rkez;qxhu
lH;rk ds izeq[k dsUnz gSaA
What do you understand by cave art?
iz&21 dUnzkdyk ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \

mŸkj o"kkZ o ok;q ds dkj.k jktLFkku esa fLFkr vjkoyh ioZr ekyk dbZ LFkkuksa ls dV xbZ gS] dVs gq,
LFkku us dUnzkvksa dk :i ys fy;k gSA izkphu ekuo us mŸkj ik"kk.k dky esa bu dUnzkvksa dks viuk
vkokl cukdj dUnzkvksa dh nhokjksa ij fp=dkjh djds vkd"kZd cuk fn;kA fo}kuksa us bls
^dUnzkdyk* dk uke fn;k gSA
Mention the article got as a product of Bairath exclamation?
iz&22 cSjkB mR[kuu ls izkIr gksus okyh lEink dk mYys[k dhft,A

mŸkj cSjkB mR[kuu ls ykSg]s rk¡cs o feêh ds crZu izkIr gq, gSaA mR[kuu esa v’kksddkyhu LrEHk o ckS)
fogkj Hkh izkIr gq, gSaA
What arms were found as revert of ganeshwar excavation?
iz&23 x.ks’oj dh [kqnkbZ esa dkSu&dkSuls vk;q/k izkIr gq, gSas \

mŸkj x.ks’oj dh [kqnkbZ esa rkaacs ds vkStkj] xaMkls] pkdw mLrjs] pwynkj ck.kksa dk vxzHkkx eq[; :i ls
izkIr gq, gSaA ykSg o iRFkj ds dqN <+k¡ps nks ikbi ds VqdM+]s uydwi feyk gS tks ty fudklh dh
vksj bafxr djrk gS] mR[kuu esa rkWacs ds flDds Hkh izkIr gq, gSaA rkez midj.k o rkez ik= vf/kd
la[;k esa feyus ds dkj.k bls rkez;qxhu lH;rk Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
 Where is Balathal situated? Under whose supervision that excavation was done?
iz&24 ckykFky dgkWa fLFkr gS \ ckykFky [kqnkbZ dk dk;Z fdlds usr`Ro esa fd;k x;k gS\ ckykFky fdl
lH;rk ls lEcfU/kr gS\

mŸkj ckykFky mn;iqj ds oYyHkuxj rglhy esa fLFkr gS] bldh [kqnkbZ 1993 esa Mk- oh-,u- feJ ds
usr`Ro esa gqbZA ;s rkez;qxhu lH;rk gSA
Mention the important places of Indus-Sarswati civilization in Rajasthan?
iz&25 jktLFkku esa flU/kq&ljLorh lH;rk ds izeq[k LFky crkb;sA

mŸkj jktLFkku esa flU/kq&ljLorh lH;rk ds izeq[k LFky dkyhcaxk lH;rk] izkphu ljLorh unh ds rV
ij fLFkr gSA jktLFkku dk ;s ,sfrgkfld LFkku chdkusj ds xaxkuxj ftys esa lw[kh ?k??kj unh
¼izkphu ljLorh½ unh ds rV ij fLFkr gSA
ljLorh unh ds yqIr gksus dk mYys[k iqjk.kksa esa feyrk gSA dkykUrj esa fdlh izkd`frd
vkink ds dkj.k ;s lH;rk yqIr gks xbZA blh ds lkFk bl le`) lH;rk ds dsUnz dk âkl gks x;kA
bldh [kqnkbZ loZizFke 1952 bZ0 esa vkjEHk gqbZA
fucU/kkRed iz'u&
Mention chief charactercittes of Kalibanga civilization.
iz&26 dkyhcaxk lH;rk dh izeq[k fo’ks"krkvksa dk mYys[k dhft,A
vFkok
On the basis of Kalibanga excavations result and describe its culture and civilization?
dkyhcaxk ds mR[kuu ds ifj.kke ,oa miyfC/k;ksa ds vk/kkj ij bl lH;rk o laLd`fr dk o.kZu
dhft,A

mŸkj gekjs iM+kSlh ns’k ikfdLrku us viuh lH;rk dks fo’o dh izkphure lH;rk gksus dk naHk Hkjuk
vkjEHk fd;k D;ksafd gM+Iik vkSj eksgutksnM+ksa ikfdLrku ds izns’k cu pqds FksA vr% bl nkos dks
pqukSrh ds :i esa Lohdkj djrs gq, Hkkjr ds iqjkrRo foHkkx us iatkc] jktLFkku o xqtjkr esa
mR[kuu dk dk;Z vkjEHk djok;k vkSj ftlls u dsoy flU/kq ;k gM+Iik ds] oju~ mlls Hkh izkphu
laLd`fr ds vo’ks"k <+¡w<+ fudkysA ftls ge dkyhcaxk lH;rk ds uke ls tkurs gSaA ;s lH;rk
xaxkuxj ftys dh lw[kh ?k??kj ¼izkphu ljLorh unh½ ds rV ij fLFkr gSA
bl lH;rk dh fuEufyf[kr fo’ks"krk,a gSa&
uxj o Hkou fuekZ.k& [kqnkbZ ls uxjksa ds izkphu gksus ds izek.k feyrs gSA bl lH;rk esa
vusdksa fo’ks"krk,a gM+Iik lH;rk ls feyrh gSaA edku feêh o bZaV ls cuk;s tkrs FksA dkyhcaxk ds
edkuksa esa 4&5 cM+s dejs o ,d cM+k nkyku gksrk FkkA 30 15 7-5 lsUVhehVj ds yxHkx bZaVksa dk
iz;ksx edkuksa esa fd;k tkrk FkkA bZaV idkus dk dksbZ Hkêk feyus ls vuqeku gS fd bZaVksa dks /kwi esa
idk;k tkrk FkkA f}rh; Lrj ds mR[kuu ls Kkr gqvk] uxj ds pkjksa vksj nhokj o [kkbZ;k¡ cukbZ
xbZ FkhaA cLrh ds fudV lqj{kk pkSdh dh O;oLFkk Hkh jgh gksxhA
crZu o vU; lkeku& feêh ds gYds] irys] crZu izkIr gq, gaS] ftlesa lqUnjrk dk izk;%
vHkko ik;k x;k gSA vyafd`r crZuksa ds vfrfjDr feêh dh eqgjs]a pwfM+;kWa] rksy ds ckV] dkap ds
ef.k,] rkacs ds vkStkj Hkh feys gSaA
 tqrs gq, [ksr& lcls vf/kd egRoiw.kZ miyfC/k uxj dh izkphj ls ckgj tksrh xbZ d`f"k Hkwfe
gSA ?k??kj unh ds cka;s fdukjs ij fLFkr [ksr yxHkx 3000 o"kZ iwoZ ds gaSA
nqxZ ds HkXuko’ks"k& lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls nqxZ if’pe fn’kk ds ÅWaps Vhys ij cuk;k x;k FkkA
nqxZ dh vkd`fr leprqHkZqtkdkj FkhA blds ijdksVs ds fuekZ.k esa bZaVksa dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA
vfXuosfndk,a& nqxZ ds nf{k.kh Hkkx esa pcwrjs cus gq, gSaA pcwrjsa ij dqvk¡ rFkk vfXuosfndk,a
izkIr gqbZ gSaA 'kk;n /kkfeZd vuq"Bku ds le; gou vkfn ds fy, ;s vfXuosfndk,a cukbZ xbZ gksaxhA
nkg laLdkj& dkyhcaxk nqxZ ls 300 ehVj dh nwjh ij dfczLrku feyk gSA vuqekur;k nkg
laLdkj rhu izdkj ls fd;k tkrk Fkk&
vk;rkdkj xrksa esa 'ko dks lh/kk fyVk nsrs Fks
o`Ÿkkdkj xÙkksa esa 'kok/kku djuk
vk;rkdkj vFkok v.Mkdkj xrksa esa 'ko ds ikl e`n~&Hkk.M j[kdjA
'ko dk flj mŸkj o iSj nf{k.k dh vksj j[kk tkrk FkkA igys izdkj dh dczkas dks feêh ls cwjdj Åij ls
dPph bZaVks dh fpukbZ dh tkrh FkhA
nwljh rjg dh xksy dczkas esa 'ko ds lkFk dy’k] Fkkyh] e`nik= j[k fn, tkrs FksA

rhljs izdkj dh dczsa vk;rkdkj o v.Mkdkj gksrh Fkh] bldk 'kok?kVu izFke izdkj ds dczkas dh Hkkafr gh
fd;k tkrk FkkA

gM+Iik iwoZ dh lH;rk& dkyhcaxk esa izkIr vo’ks"k ikfdLrku ds dksV&Mhxh uked LFkku ls Hkh feyrs gSA
dksV&Mhxh&lH;rk&gM+Iik lH;rk ls Hkh iwoZ dh ekuh tk jgh gSA bu mR[kuuksa us ;s iz’u [kM+k dj fn;k
gS fd vkf[kjdkj bl lH;rk ds fuekZrk dkSu Fks \

'kk;n dkyhcaxk vkSj dksV&Mhxh uked LFkkuksa ds ckn laHkor% lSU/ko lH;rk jgh gksxh rHkh lSU/ko lH;rk
dk vis{kkd`r vkSj fodflr yx jgh gSA ysfdu mR[kuuksa ds vk/kkj ij bruk rks ekuuk gh gksxk fd
dkyhcaxk lH;rk izkphure lH;rk gSA
v/;k;&4
Matsy Janpad and Tribes
eRL; tuin ,oa dchykbZ tkfr;ka
oLrqfu"B iz’u &

1- _Xosn esa ftl izeq[k vk;Z ny dk o.kZu gS] og gS&

¼v½ Hkhy vk;Z ¼c½ esj vk;Z ¼l½ eRL; vk;Z ¼n½ eh.kk vk;Z
¼l½
2- eRL; tuin esa tks uxj lfEefyr Fkk&
¼v½ tks/kiqj ¼c½ chdkusj ¼l½ t;iqj ¼n½ mn;iqj ¼l½

3- fpŸkkSM+ ds mŸkj&iwoZ esa uxjh uked LFkku fdl tkfr dk dsUnz Fkk&
¼v½ eRL; vk;Z ¼c½ f’kfo ¼l½ b.Mks&xzhd ¼n½ iq: ¼c½

4- egkHkkjr dky esa eRL; tuin ij jkT; djus okyk jktk Fkk&
¼v½ lgnso ¼c½ Hkhe ¼l½ fojkV ¼n½ vfHkeU;q ¼l½

5- fldUnj ds vkØe.k ds ckn vtqZuk;u tkfr dgka vkdj cl xbZ Fkh&

¼v½ vtesj&[ksjokM+k ¼c½ fpŸkkSM+ ds vklikl
¼l½ ckM+ejs o tSlyesj ¼n½ vyoj vkSj Hkjriqj ¼n½

6- og ns’k tks ^eRL; ns’k* dk {ks= Fkk&

¼v½ vyoj ¼c½ Hkjriqj ¼l½ t;iqj ¼n½ mi;qZDr lHkh ¼n½

7- ekyo tuin dh jkt/kkuh Fkh&

¼v½ ekyok ¼c½ vyoj ¼l½ t;iqj ¼n½ ekyo uxj ;k ddksVZ uxj
¼n½
y?kqŸkjkRed iz’u&
What do you know about the coming of matsya aarya in Rajasthan?
iz&8 eRL; vk;ksZa ds jktLFkku vkxeu ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gSa \

mŸkj vk;ksZa dks clus ds fy, mi;qDr LFkku dh ryk’k Fkh] muds dqN lewg ljLorh rFkk n`"k}oh ufn;ksa
dh mRi;dkvksa esa vkdj cl x;s FksA _Xosn esa ftu vk;ksZa ds vkxeu dk ft+Ø gS] muesa eRL; vk;Z
Hkh gSA

Where did 'Matsya aaryans setup colonies in Rajasthan?

iz&9 eRL; vk;ksZa us loZizFke jktLFkku ds fdu&fdu {ks=ksa esa viuh cfLr;kWa clkbZ\

mŸkj eRL; vk;ksZa us t;iqj] vyoj] Hkjriqj izns’kksa esa viuh cfLr;ka clkbZA bl izdkj jktLFkku esa vk;ksZa
ds clus dk flyflyk 'kq: gqvkA

Where other groups of Aryans' were settled?

iz&10 vk;ksZa ds vU; ny dgkWa&dgkWa cls \

mŸkj ljLorh unh ds pkjksa vksj ds izns’k ij vk;ksZa ds iq: ny us vf/kdkj tek;kA jktLFkku ds if’peh
Hkkx dh rjQ ^;nq* ny us viuh cfLr;ka dk;e dhA
egkHkkjr ls 'kkYo uked lewg dk Hkh irk pyrk gS] tks fd Hkhueky] lkapkSj] fljksgh ds
{ks= esa clk gqvk FkkA

What do you know about the establishment of ' Power of Malvas' in Rajasthan?
iz&11 jktLFkku esa ^ekyo 'kfDr* dh LFkkiuk ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gSa \

mŸkj jktLFkku izkjEHk ls gh vius iM+kSlh jkT;ksa esa clh gqbZ tkfr;ksa ds fy, lqjf{kr vkJ; LFky jgk gSA
tc bu tkfr;ksa ij fons’kh vkØe.kksa dk ncko c<+rk Fkk] ;s yksx jktLFkku ds e: ,oa ioZrh; {ks=ksa
esa vkdj cl tkrs FksA
;wukuh vkØe.k ds le; f’kfo] ekyo] vtqZuk;u] tkfr;kWa cM+s iSekus ij iatkc ls iyk;u
dj jktLFkku esa cl xbZA
What do you know about the 'malvas era?
iz&12 ekyo laor~ ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gaS \

mŸkj ekyo tkfr ,d LorU= laor~ dk iz;ksx djrh Fkh] tks igys ^d`r* fQj ^ekyo* vUr esa ^foØe
laor~* ds uke ls izfl) gqvkA ekyo laor~ 57 bZ- iw- ls 'kq: gqvkA dkykarj esa ekyo laor~ gh
foØe laor ds uke ls fo[;kr gqvkA
fucU/kkRed iz’u&
Mention the hurdle of 'Matsya Janpad' and the causes of downfall?
iz&13 eRL; tuin dh dfBukbZ crkrs gq, iru ds dkj.k crkb,A

mŸkj eRL; tuin dks izkjEHk ls gh dfBukbZ;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA

'kkYo o psnh egktuin eRL;ksa ds iM+kSlh jkT; FksA psnh oa’k dk f’k’kqiky tks Hkxoku Jh
d`".k dk ledkyhu Fkk tks Jh d`".k ds gkFkksa ekjk Hkh x;k Fkk] mlus eRL; jkT; ij vkØe.k
dj mls thr fy;k FkkA
fldUnj ds vkØe.k ds le; iatkc dh ekyo] f’kfo] vtqZuk;u tkfr;ka jktLFkku esa vkdj
cl xbZA
Hkjriqj o vyoj ds {ks=ksa esa vtqZuk;u cl x;sA
vtesj] Vksda &esokM+ ds e/;orhZ {ks=ksa esa ekyoksa us viuk vf/kdkj dj fy;kA
fpŸkkSM+ ds vklikl ¼e>fedk uxjh½ ij f’kfo;ksa us viuk vf/kdkj dj fy;kA mudh
foLrkjoknh uhfr o lSfud 'kfDr ds lkeus eRL; tuin irUukseq[kh gks x;kA
eRL;ksa dk cgqr FkksM+s Hkkx ij tks fu;a=.k cuk gqvk Fkk] mls ex/k dh lkezkT;oknh uhfr dk
f’kdkj gksuk iM+kA
ex/k ds uUn lezkVksa ds iru ds ckn ekS;Z lezkVksa us rks nh?kZdky rd eRL; tuin ij
'kklu fd;kA
fojkVuxj ¼cSjkB½ ls izkIr v’kksddkyhu vo’ks"k vkSj ckS)&Lekjd bl dFku dh iqf"V djrs
gSaA
_Xosndky esa ex/k lkezkT; ds mRd"kZ rd jktLFkku dk eRL; egktuin&izkphu Hkkjr ds
,sfrgkfld o lkaLd`frd thou esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk djrk jgkA
v/;k;&5
Origin of Rajput’s
jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk

oLrqfu"B iz’u

1- 'kkdEHkjh ds vklikl ftl jktiwr jktoa’k dk mn; gqvk] og Fkk&

¼v½ izfrgkj ¼c½ xgM+oky ¼l½ pUnsy ¼n½ pkgeku ¼c½

2- eqlyekuksa ds vkØe.k ls iwoZ jktLFkku ds lHkh 'kkld dgykrs Fks&

¼v½ jktiwr ¼c½ {kf=; ¼l½ jtiwr ¼n½ 'kkld
¼c½
3- Jh vkSadkj o Jh oS| ds vuqlkj jktiwr lUrku gSaA
¼v½ oSfnd vk;ksZa dh ¼c½ czkã.k oa’k dh
¼l½ fonsf’k;ksa dh ¼n½ lw;Z o pUnz oa’kh;
¼v½
4- jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk vfXudq.M ls crkus okys fo}ku gS&
¼v½ Jh xkSjh’kadj ghjkpUn vks>k ¼c½ MkW-xksihukFk 'kekZ
¼l½ dfo pUnzcjnk;h ¼n½ MkW- n’kjFk 'kekZ
¼l½
5- jktiwrksa dks fonsf’k;ksa dh lUrku ekuk gSa] D;ksafd&
¼v½ vusd f’kykys[kksa esa jktiwrksa dks fons’kh crk;k x;k gSaA
¼c½ fiaxy lw=d`fr esa jktiwrksa dks fons’kh crk;k x;k gSaA
¼l½ jktiwrksa ds jhfr fjokt] 'kd flfFk;u o gw.kksa ls feyrs gSaA
¼n½ jkt’ks[kj us ^jktrjafx.kks* esa jktiwrksa dks fons’kh dgk x;k gSaA
¼l½
6- duZy VkWM us jktiwrksa dks crk;k gS&
¼v½ dq"kk.k ,oa gq.k oa’k dk ¼c½ ;wukuh o vjch oa’k dk
¼l½ 'kd flfFk;u oa’k dk ¼n½ 'kd vkSj lkrokgu oa’k dk
¼l½
7- jktiwrksa dh vfXudq.M ls mRifŸk dks dYiuk ekuus okys bfrgkldkj gSa&
¼v½ MkW- vks>k ¼c½ MkW- n’kjFk 'kekZ ¼l½ txnh’k xgyksr ¼n½ MkW- xksihukFk 'kekZ
¼c½
8- jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk ds vfXuoa’kh; fl)kUr dk izfriknu ftl xzUFk easa fd;k x;k gS&
¼v½ ohj fouksn ¼c½ xhr xksfoUn ¼l½ i`Fohjkt jklks ¼n½ lqtZu pfj=
¼l½
y?kqŸkjkRed iz’u&
Which period is known as 'Rajput period'?
iz&9 fdl dky dks ^jktiwr ;qx* ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA

mŸkj lkroh ls ckjgoha 'krkCnh ds dky dks ^jktiwr ;qx* ds uke ls iqdkjk tkrk gSA

Give two argument which mention the origin of Rajput from fire pit
iz&10 jktiwrksa dks vfXudq.M ls mRiUu gqvk crkus okys dksbZ nks rdZ nhft,&

mŸkj izFke pUnjcjnkbZ us viuh izfl) iqLrd ^^i`Fohjkt jklks* esa jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk vfXudq.M ls
crkbZ gSA
f}rh; rdZ ds :Ik esa ;s ekuk x;k gS] vkcw ioZr ij fuokl djus okys fo’okfe=] xkSre ,oa vxLR;
_f"k /kkfeZd vuq"Bku dj jgs Fks& nSR; mlesa gM~Mh] ekal Mkydj gou dks vifo= dj nsrs FksA
nSR;ksa dk vUr djus ds fy, _f"k;ksa us vfXudq.M ls rhu ;ks)k iSnk fd, tc ;s Hkh j{kk djus ds
fy, vlQy gks x;s rks pkSFkk ;ks)k eqfu of’k"B us mRiUu fd;k] ftls pkSgku dgk x;kA
Write an argument answer to prove that Rajputs were the off sponge of Vedic kshatriya
iz&11 jktiwr oSfnd {kf=;ksa dh lUrku Fks] bl er dh iqf"V esa rdZ nhft,A
.

mŸkj jktiwr oSfnd {kf=;ksa dh lUrku FksA bl er dh iqf"V esa fuEufyf[kr rdZ gSa&
jktiwr oSfnd {kf=;ksa dh Hkkafr vL=&'kL= dh iwtk djrs FksA
lqMkSy 'kkjhfjd xBu] yEch ukd] Å¡ph dn dkBh ls Hkh fl) gksrk gS fd jktiwr oSfnd
{kf=;ksa dh lUrku FksA
What are the theories of Rajput's origin?
iz&12 jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk ds fofHkUu er dkSu&dkSuls gSa\ fyf[k;s&

mŸkj 1- oSfnd {kf=;ksa dh lUrku

2- vfXu dq.M ls mRiUu
3- czkã.kksa ls mRifŸk
4- lw;Z o pUnz oa’kh
5- fonsf’k;ksa dh lUrku
mijksDr er jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk ds lEcU/k esa fHkUu&fHkUu jk; j[krs gSaA
Who are scholars who support the theory of the foreign origin of Rajput ?
iz&13 jktiwrksa dh fons’kh mRifŸk dk leFkZu fdu&fdu fo}kuksa us fd;k gS\

mŸkj MkW- oh-,- fLeFk] fofy;e Øqd] duZy VkWM rFkk MkW- Hk.Mkjdj us jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk fonsf’k;ksa ls
crkbZ gSA
 Name the book of 'Chahman's that hold Rajputs are 'Suryavanshi'
iz&14 pkgekuksa dk dkSulk xzUFk mUgsa ^lw;Zoa’kh* ekurk gS\

mŸkj ^gehj* egkdkO; esa pkgekuksa dks lw;Zoa’kh ekuk x;k gSA

fucU/kkRed iz’u&
Who were Rajputs? Write a critical note about their origin.
iz&15 jktiwr dkSu Fks\ mudh mRifŸk ds lEcU/k esa vkykspukRed foospuk dhft,A

mŸkj jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk ls lEcfU/kr fofHkUu fl)kUr izpfyr gaSA

fonsf’k;ksa ls mRifŸk dk fl)kUr& jktLFkku bfrgkl ds ys[kd duZy VkWM dk er gS fd
jktiwr fons’kh Fks] mudk ekuuk Fkk fd Hkkjrh; jktiwrksa o 'kd] flfFk;uksa esa cgqr lekurk
fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA MkW- fLeFk us pUnsyoa’kh; jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk xkSM+ tkfr ls] xqtZj&izfrgkjksa
dh gw.k tkfr ls] bfrgkldkj gkuZyh us xqtZjksa dk lEcU/k rqdksZ ls tksM+k gSA ysfdu bu lHkh
ekU;rkvksa esa T;knk lPpkbZ fn[kkbZ ugha nsrh D;ksafd dsoy jhfrfjoktksa ds vk/kkj ij jktiwrksa
dks fons’kh ugha dgk tk ldrk gS] D;ksfa d Hkkjr dh fHkUu&fHkUu tkfr;ksa esa fHkUu&fHkUu
jhfrfjokt izpfyr gSa] vr% ;s rdZ U;k;laxr ugha gSA
vfXudq.M ls mRifŸk dk fl)kUr& vkcw ioZr ij eqfu of’k"B o vU; eqfu;ksa us dqN le; ds
fy, 'kj.k yh] os ogk¡ gou djrs Fks] jk{kl ml gou dq.M esa 'kjkc&ekal] gfM~M;k Mkydj
fo?u iSnk djrs FksA blfy, eqfu;ksa dh izkFkZuk ij nsorkvksa us ijekj] izfrgkj] pkyqD;ksa dks
iSnk fd;k& muls Hkh fLFkfr u lq/kjus dh fLFkfr esa vfXudq.M ls pkgekuksa dks mRiUu fd;k
x;k tks l’kL= gh iSnk gq, vkSj ohj Hkh FksA
MkW- bZ’ojh izlkn o lh-oh- oS| us ^i`Fohjkt jklks* dh ckrksa dks diksy dfYir crk;k vkSj bu
ckrksa dks vkt ds oSKkfud ;qx esa lR; Hkh ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA
vk;ksZ ls mRifŸk dk fl)kUr rFkk jktiwrksa dk pUnzoa’kh; o lw;Zoa’kh; gksuk& izkphu
tuJqfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij Kkr gksrk gSa fd vk;ksZa dh nks izeq[k 'kk[kk,a&pUnzoa’k o lw;Zoa’k&
jktiwr bUgha ls mRiUu lUrku gS rFkk Hkkjrh; gSA if.Mr xkSjh’kadj ghjkpUn vks>k us
jktiwrksa ds fons’kh fl)kUr dks fuEu rdksZa ds vk/kkj ij udkj fn;k gSA
jktiwr o 'kd flfFk;uksa ds jhfrfjokt leku ugha Fks] Hkkjr esa lw;Z iwtk] v’oes?k ;K o
vL=&’kL=ksa dh iwtk dh ijEijk vR;f/kd izkphu dky ls pyh vk jgh gSA
'kd gw.k tkfr;ksa ls iwoZ Hkh iq";fe= }kjk v’oes?k ;K fd;k tk pqdk FkkA MkW- vks>k tSls
bfrgkldkj us Hkh jktiwrksa dk fons’kh gksus dk er udkj fn;k gSA
czkã.kksa ls mRifŸk dk vfHker& MkW- Hk.Mkjdj us jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk czkã.kksa ls crkbZ gSA ckn
esa vusd fo}kuksa us Hkh jktiwrksa dh mRifŸk czkã.kksa ls crk nhA tSls& eaMksj ¼tks/kiqj½ ds
izfrgkj czkã.k oa’k ds FksA buds iwoZt czkã.k gfj’kpUnz rFkk mudh iRuh eknjk dh lUrku
FksA vkcw ds ^izfrgkj* of’k"B _f"k dh lUrku FksA dgha&dgha jktiwr vius iqjksfgr dk xks=
viuk ysrs FksA
fiaxy lw= esa Hkh jktiwrksa dks czkã.kksa dh lUrku crk;k x;k gSA vk/kqfud bfrgkldkj MkW-
xksihukFk 'kekZ us Hkh esokM+ ds xqfgyksrksa dks ukxj tkfr ds czkã.k xqgns Ÿk dk oa’kt crk;k gSA
esokM+ ds egkjk.kk dqEHkk us Hkh t;nso ds ^xhr xksfoUn* dh Vhdk esa Lohdkj fd;k gS fd
xqfgyksr] ukxj czkã.k xqgsnŸk dh lUrku gSaA
MkW- n’kjFk 'kekZ bl er dks Lohdkj ugha djrs gaSA
fu"d"kZ& ;g fufoZokn gS fd jktiwrksas ds dqN izpfyr jhfrfjokt o 'kkjhfjd cukoV fonsf’k;ksa
ls feyrs gS ysfdu ;s lk{; jktiwrksa dks fons’kh Lohdkj djus ds fy, i;kZIr ugha gSA
fons’kh tkfr dh lUrkus oSfnd lH;rk o laLd`fr dks lqjf{kr j[kus ds fy, dHkh Hkh bruh
ohjrk ugha fn[kk ldrh FkhA
dkuwuxksa us Bhd fy[kk gS ^^vfXu dq.M dh dgkor bl izxfr’khy ;qx esa ugha ekuh tk
ldrh] lw;Z o pUnz ls mRifŸk dkYifud lR; gks ldrh gSA jktiwr pkgs fdlh Hkh :i esa
tUesa gks] ysfdu ;s lR; gS fd bfrgkl esa mUgksaus ^egkdkO; dky ds* {kf=;ksa dh ijEijk dks
cuk;s j[kkA
vf/kdka’k fo}ku jktiwrksa dks Hkkjrh; vk;ksZa ds oa’kt ds :i esa Lohdkj djrs gSaA ftlesa
jDrfl)kUr Hkh lfEefyr gS] tks Hkh fons’kh tkfr;k¡ Hkkjr esa vkbZ vkSj LFkkbZ :i ls ;gk¡ ij
fuokl djus yxh] mUgksaus Hkkjrh; lH;rk o laLd`fr dks viuk fy;k rFkk fgUnw lekt us
mUgsa vkRelkr dj fy;kA
v/;k;&6

The rise and extension of Guhils, Gurjar, Pratihar and chamans (Chouhans)
xqfgy] xqtZj izfrgkj ,oa pkgekuksa ¼pkSgkuks½a dk vH;qn; vkSj foLrkj

oLrqfu"B iz’u&
1- izfrgkj oa’k dk laLFkkid FkkA
¼v½ egsUnziky
¼c½ gfj’pUnz
¼l½ fefgj Hkkst
¼n½ ukxHkV~V f}rh; (c)
2- izfrgkj oa’k dh jkt/kkuh Fkh A
¼v½ tks/kiqj
¼c½ esM+rk
¼l½ e.Mksj
¼n½ tkykSj (l)
3- xqtZj izfrgkj oa’k dh LFkkiuk gqbZ &
¼v½ xqtjkr
¼c½ d’ehj
¼l½ mTtSu
¼n½ jktLFkku (v)
4- xqtZj izfrgkj oa’k dk lcls izrkih 'kkld Fkk &
¼v½ egsUnziky
¼c½ fefgj Hkkst
¼l½ ukxHkV~V f}rh;
¼n½ jkepUnz (c)
5- xqtZj izfrgkj oa’k dk laLFkkid Fkk &
¼v½ egsUnziky
¼c½ ukxHkV~V izFke
¼l½ oRljkt
¼n½ fefgj Hkkst (c)
6- xqfgy oa’k dk laLFkkid Fkk &
¼v½ {ks= flag
¼c½ yk[kk
¼l½ f’kykfnR;
¼n½ cIikjkoy (n)
7- uS.klh jh [;kr eas xqfgyksa dh fdruh 'kk[kk,a crk;h xbZ gaS \ &
¼v½ 24 'kk[kk,a
¼c½ 27 'kk[kk,a
¼l½ 28 'kk[kk,a
¼n½ 29 'kk[kk,a (v)
8- tS= flag vkSj ukfl:Ìhu ds la?k"kZ dh tkudkjh ftl f’kykys[k ls feyrh gSA og gS&
¼v½ fot; LrEHk f’kykys[k
¼c½ vkcw f’kykys[k
¼l½ dqEHkyx<+ f’kykys[k
¼n½ cSjkB f’kykys[k (c)
9- tS= flag ds mŸkjkf/kdkjh dk uke Fkk \
¼v½ laxkze flag
¼c½ jru flag
¼l½ rst flag
¼n½ cyoUr flag (l)
10- mŸkjkf/kdkjh la?k"kZ esa Hkkst dks fdlls lg;ksx feyk A
¼v½ psfn ujs’k dksDdy nso ls
¼c½ ukxHkV~V izFke ls
¼l½ ukxHkVV f}rh; ls
¼n½ fefgj Hkkst ls (v)
11- dUukSt ds 'kkld /keZiky ij tks vkfJr Fkk og Fkk &
¼v½ Hkkst
¼c½ cDd
¼l½ pØk;q)
¼n½ f’kykfnR; (l)
12- fefgj Hkkst dk ’kklu dky FkkA
¼v½ 832 bZ0 ls 840 bZ0 rd
¼c½ 825 bZ0 ls 830 bZ0 rd
¼l½ 831 bZ0 ls 836 bZ0 rd
¼n½ 836 bZ0 ls 889 bZ0 rd (n)
13- izfrgkj oa’k ftl /keZ dks ekurs Fks og gS &
¼v½ fgUnw /keZ
¼c½ tSu /keZ
¼l½ ckS) /keZ
¼n½ bZlkb /keZ (v)
14- izfrgkj jktk ukxHk~V dh jkt/kkuh dkSulh Fkh \
¼v½ tks/kiqj
¼c½ e.MkSj
¼l½ esM+rk
¼n½ ikyh (n)

15- cIik jkoy fdl oa’k ls lEcfU/kr Fkk &

¼v½ xqtjZ izfrgkj
¼c½ pkVlw ds xqfgy
¼l½ ijekj
¼n½ esM+rk ds xqfgy (n)

16- xqfgy ds firk dk uke Fkk &

¼v½ f’kykfnR;
¼c½ foØekfnR;
¼l½ ckykfnR;
¼n½ foØekfnR; f}rh; (v)

17- pkgeku ¼pkSgku½ jktoa’k dk izkjfEHkd dsUnz Fkk &

¼v½ ukxkSj
¼c½ likny{k
¼l½ vtesj
¼n½ t;iqj (c)
18- pkSgku oa’k dk izFke 'kkld Fkk &
¼v½ oklqnso
¼c½ foxzgjkt
¼l½ vt;jkt pkSgku
¼n½ i`Fohjkt pkSgku (v)
19- i`Fohjkt pkSgku us ijkLr fd;k Fkk &
¼v½ Hk.Mkudksa dks
¼c½ pkyqD;oa’kh ’kkldkas dks
¼l½ pUnsyksa dks
¼n½ mi;qZDr lHkh dks (n)
y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u&

How many branches did Guhils had in Rajasthan?

iz’u 20 jktLFkku esa xqfgyksa dh fdruh 'kk[kk,a Fkh \

mŸkj & xqfgyksa dh jktLFkku esa 24 'kk[kk,a Fkh] ftuesa ls dY;k.kiqj ds xqfgy] esokM+ ds xqfgy]
dkfB;kokM+ ds xqfgy] ckxM+ ds xqfgy] pkVlw ds xqfgy] ekjokM+ ds xqfgy vkfn vf/kd izfl)
Fks A

What has been written in history about Bappa Rawal becoming the ruler?
iz’u 21 ckik jkoy ds 'kkld cuus ds fy, bfrgkl esa D;k dgk x;k gS \

mŸkj duZy VkWM ds vuqlkj ckik xk;sa pjkus dk dke djrk Fkk A ukxnk ds taxyksa es xk;s pjkrs
le; ckik dk lEidZ gkjhr _f"k ls gqvkA ogh ckik dks ,dfyaxth ds n’kZu
gq;sA ,dfyax th dh d`ik ls ckik esokM+ dk 'kkld cuk rFkk gkjhr _f"k dh d`ik ls
oSHko dh izkfIr gqbZA bl rF; esa ,sfrgkfldrk >ydrh gSA

Who was Bappa?

iz’u 22 ckik dkSu Fkk \

mŸkj ckik ukxkfnR; dk iq= Fkk o xqfgy oa’k dk Fkk A bfrgkl esa mls esokM+ dk izrkih 'kkld
dgk x;k gSA

Who was the first man of Guhil's of Mewar dynasty?

iz’u 23 esokM+ ds xqfgy oa’ktkas dk ewy iq:"k dkSu Fkk \

mŸkj xqfgy oa’k dk ewy iq:"k xqfgy Fkk A

What was Bappa's important victory?

iz’u 24 ckik dh egRoiw.kZ fot; dkSulh Fkh \

mŸkj fpRrkSM+ fot; ckik dh egRoiw.kZ fot; FkhA

Who was founder of ' Gurjar –Pratihar dynasty in Ujain?

iz’u 25 mTtSu ds xqtZj izfrgkj oa’k dk laLFkkid dkSu Fkk \

mŸkj mTtSu eas xqtZj izfrgkj o’ak dk laLFkkid ukxHkV~ izFke FkkA
 Who was the most famous ruler of Gurjar-Pratihar dynasty and how many years did
he ruled?
iz’u 26 xqtZj izfrgkj oa’k dk lcls izrkih 'kkld dksSu Fkk rFkk mlus dc rd 'kklu fd;k A

mŸkj fefgj Hkkst iq= jkeHknz xqtZj oa’k dk lcls izrkih 'kkld Fkk mlus 836 ls 889 bZ0 rd
'kklu fd;k A

By what name was western region at Rajasthan known during the second phase of six
century.
iz’u 27 NBha 'krkCnh ds f}rh; pj.k esa if’peh jktLFkku dk {ks= fdl uke ls tkuk tkrk Fkk \

mŸkj ekjokM+ esa izfrgkjksa dk vkuk yxHkx NBha 'krkCnh ds f}rh; pj.k esa gqvk ml ;qx esa
jktLFkku dk if’peh {ks= xqtZjUuk dgykrk Fkk vkSj ogka ds jktkvksa dks xqtZjs’oj dgk
tkus yxk A vf/kdka’k f’kykys[kksa esa mUgsa ^xqtZj izfrgkj^ ds uke ls lEcksf/kr fd;k x;k gSA

How many branches were there of 'Pratihar' and the most famous & oldest 'Pratihar'
which region?
iz’u 28 izfrgkjksa dh dqy fdruh 'kk[kk,a Fkha vkSj muesa lcls izkphu o egRoiw.kZ izfrgkj dgka ds
Fks\

mŸkj izfrgkjksa dh 26 'kk[kkvksa esa e.Mksj ds izfrgkj lcls vf/kd izkphu ekus x;s gaSA tks/kiqj
QfV;kys ds f’kykys[k ls ;s tkudkjh feyrh gSA

Name the original place of Chauhan dynasty?

iz’u 29 pkSgku oa’k dk ewy LFkku crkb, &

mŸkj lkaHkj&iq"dj &lhdj ds e/;orhZ {ks= dks pkSgku oa’k dk ewy LFkku ekuk x;k gSA

Who laid foundation of Chauhan dynasty & where?

iz’u 30 pkSgku oa’k dh uhao fdlus o dgka j[kh \

mŸkj ^i`Fohjkt fot; ^o gEehj egkdkO; esa pkgeu uked O;fDr pkSgkuksa dk vkfniq:"k Fkk
&fdUrq fctkSfy;k f’kykys[k ds vuqlkj ^oklqnso^ uked O;fDr us likny{k ¼lkaHkj½ esa
pkSgku jktoa’k dh uhao Mkyh A

In whose King ruler did the 'Chahman' reached top peak?

iz’u 31 pgeku lRrk vius pje f’k[kj ij fdl 'kkld ds 'kkludky esa iagqph \

mŸkj foxzgjkt prqFkZ ds ’kkludky esa pgeku lRrk vius pje f’k[kj ij igaqphA
 When was the first battle of Taraian fought? Who finally won the battle?
iz’u 32 rjkbu dk izFke ;q) dc o fdu&fdu ds e/; gqvk bl ;q) esa fdls fot; izkIr gqbZ \

mŸkj rjkbu dk izFke ;q) 1191 bZ0 esa i`Fohjkt pkSgku o eqgEen xkSjh ds e/; gqvk rjkbu ds
bl ;q) esa i`Fohjkt pkSgu r`rh; dh fot; o eqgEen xkSjh dh gkj gqbZ A

fuCkU/kkRed iz’u&

Write the causes and out comes of the second battle of Taraian
iz’u 33 rjkbu ds f}rh; ;q) ds dkj.k o ifj.kkeksa dh foospuk dhft, &

mŸkj rjkbu dk f}rh; ;q) i`Fohjkt r`rh; o eqgEen xkSjh ds e/; 1192 bZ0 esa yM+k x;k
ftlds fuEufyf[kr dkj.k Fks %&
 rjkbu ds izFke ;q) 1191 bZ0 esa i`Fohjkt r`rh; dh fot; o eqgEen xkSjh dh ijkt;
gqbZ A
 xkSjh rjkbu ds izFke ;q) esa Loa; dh ijkt; dk cnyk ysuk pkgrk FkkA
 i`Fohjkt us cqUnsy[k.M ds pUnsy 'kkldksa dks ijkLr dj viuk ’k=q cuk fy;k] blfy,
mUgksusa rjkbu ds ;q) esa i`Fohjkt dk lkFk ugha fn;kA
 xgM+okyksa dk pkSgkuksa dk izcy 'k=q gksuk A
 dUukSt ujs’k t;pUn o i`Fohjkt nksuks gh lhek foLrkj dks ysdj egRokdka{kh FksA
 t;pUn dh iq=h la;ksfxrk dk vVwV izse nq’euh dk ewy dkj.k cu x;kA
 rjkbu ds izFke ;q) esa ijkLr eqgEen xkSjh dh lsuk dks ;w¡ gha tkus fn;k ftlds dkj.k
vxys o"kZ xkSjh fQj vkØe.k djus igq¡p x;kA
 i`Fohjkt xkSjh ds nqxZj{kd dkth ft;kmnhu dks cUnh cukdj vtesj rks yk;k fdUrq
mls foiqy /kujkf’k nsdj xtuh Hkst fn;k A
 rjkbu ds izFke ;q) esa lQyrk izkIr dj i`Fohjkt Hkksx&foykl esa Mwc x;k tc fd
xkSjh 1 o"kZ dh rS;kjh ds ckn iqu% mlh eSnku esa vk MVk A
 mijksDr dkj.kksa ls 1192 bZ0 esa eqgEen xkSjh iqu% rjkbu ds eSnku esa f}rh; ;q) ds fy,
vk MVkA
rjkbu dk f}rh; ;q) %& 1192 bZ0 esas ;q) ls iwoZ xkSjh us vius HkkbZ dks i`Fohjkt pkSgku ds
ikl Hkstdj bLyke /keZ Lohdkj djus gsrq dgk A nqckjk fQj ,d lans’k okgd Hkstk vkSj
dgk eSa rks dsoy lsukifr gWw vkSj ;q) dh vis{kk lfU/k dks vPNk le>rk gWw] blfy,
eSusa ,d nwr vius HkkbZ ds ikl Hkstk gS & T;ksfga mldk vkns’k izkIr gks tk;sxk eSa xtuh
ykSV tkmaxkA i`Fohjkt us xkSjh ds lwpuk ij fo’okl dj fy;k mldh lsuk vkjke djus
yxh vkSj vpkud xkSjh us vkØe.k dj fn;k ftlls i`Fohjkt dks ijkt; dk eqag ns[kuk
iM+k vkSj xkSjh us viuh ijkt; dk cnyk ys fy;k A iyk;u dj fljlk dh vksj Hkkxrs gq,
i`Fohjkt dks ekj Mkyk A i`Fohjkt dh ekSr dks ysdj vusd er izpfyr gaSA
;q) ds ifj.kke %& fons’kh lRrk ds vkf/kiR; dk flyflyk 'kq: gqvk tks lfn;ksa rd tkjh
jgk A xkSjh vkSj ckn ds eqfLye 'kkldksa dks Hkkjr esa bLyke ds izl kj dk ekxZ fey x;kA
jktiwrksa dh 'kfDr dk vUr gks x;kA
fgUnw /keZ ds fouk’k dk ekxZ Hkh [kqy x;k] lkjk ns’k vkard ls tdM+ x;kA
;q) ds ckn /ku dh yqVikV gqbZ A gesa Hkkjrh; /keZ o laLd`fr] dykRed ewY;ksa dh {kfr dks
cnkZ’r djuk iM+k A fgUnw /keZ ds lkFk lkFk ckS) /keZ dh Hkh voufr gqbZA
v/;k;&7
( Mewar under Maharana Kumbha and Rana Sanga
and Struggle of Maharana Pratap for freedom)
egkjk.kk dqEHkk ,oa lkaxk ds v/khu esokM+
,oa LorU=rk ds fy, egkjk.kk izrki dk la?k"kZ

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- egkjk.kk dqEHkk dh ekrk dk uke Fkk \

¼v½ galk ckbZ
¼c½ ewey nsoh
¼l½ lkSHkkX; nsoh
¼n½ lksuy nsoh
(l)
2- egkjk.kk dqEHkk iq= Fkk \
¼v½ egkjk.kk eksdy dk
¼c½ egkjk.kk y{k flag dk
¼l½ egkjk.kk {ks= flag dk
¼n½ egkjk.kk pw.Mk dk (v)

3- pkpk vkSj esjk dk neu

¼v½ dqEHkk us vius ckgwcy ls fd;k
¼c½ esokM+ ds ljnkjksa ds lg;ksx ls fd;k
¼l½ j.key ds lg;ksx ls fd;k
¼n½ jk?konso o jkBkSM+ ljnkjksa ds lg;ksx ls fd;kA (n)

4- egkjk.kk dqEHkk ds 'kkludky esa fdl iz’u dks ysdj xqtjkr o esokM+ ds e/; la?k"kZ gqvk \
¼v½ dqEHkk ds fo:) xqtjkr }kjk ekyok dks lg;ksx
¼c½ ekyok o esOkkM+ dk xqtjkr ds fo:) la;qDr vfHk;ku
¼l½ dqEHkyx<+ ij xqtjkr dk vkØe.k
¼n½ ukxkSj ds mŸkjkf/kdkj dk ;q) (n)

5- egkjk.kk dqEHkk esokM+ ds 'kkld cus &

¼v½ 1437 bZ0 esa
¼c½ 1436 bZ0 esa
¼l½ 1433 bZ0 esa
¼n½ 1446 bZ0 esa (l )
6- dqEHkk dh mikf/k gkyxq: dk vFkZ gSA
¼v½ Nkikekj ;q) esa ikajxr
¼c½ jktuhfr esa ikjaxrrk
¼l½ xq:vksa dk xq:
¼n½ igkM+h nqXkZ dk Lokeh (n )

7- fot; LrEHk fLFkr gSA

¼v½ j.kFkEHkkSj esa
¼c½ fpRrkSM+ esa
¼l½ dqEHkyx<+
¼n½ fnosj esa (c )

8- lEiw.kZ xqfgy 'kkldksa esa dqEHkk gh ,d ,slk 'kkld Fkk tks vusdksa xq.kksa vkSj fo’ks"krkvksa ds izrhd
fo:nksa ls fo[;kr Fks &;g dFku gSA
¼v½ MkW- xksihukFk 'kekZ
¼c½ MkW- ch-,y- vks>k
¼l½ MkW- jktcyh ik.Ms;
¼n½ MkW- dkywjke 'kekZ (v)

9- egkjk.kk dqEHkk ds fo:) ekyok o xqtjkr dh lfU/k dks tkuk tkrk gSA
¼v½ vyhuxj dh lfU/k
¼c½ iqjUnj dh lfU/k
¼l½ pEikusj dh lfU/k
¼n½ [krkSyh dh lfU/k (l )

10- [kkuok dk ;q) gqvk &

¼v½ lkaxk o ckcj ds e/;
¼c½ lkaxk o bczkghe ds e/;
¼l½ lkaxk o lqYrku egewn ds e/;
¼n½ lkaxk o 'ksj’kkg ds e/; (v )

11- [kkuok dk ;q) dc gqvk&

¼v½ 15 ekpZ 1527
¼c½ 17 ekpZ 1527
¼l½ 17 ekpZ 1928
¼n½ 19 ekpZ 1930 (c )
12- [kkuok ds ;q) dk dkj.k Fkk &
¼v½ lkaxk o ckcj dh lkezkT;oknh egRodka{kk
¼c½ ckcj }kjk /keZ dk izpkj
¼l½ nksuks ds }kjk /ku izkIrh dh ykylk
¼n½ lkaxk dh vnwjnf’kZrk (v )

13- egkjk.kk izrki us eqxy lsuk dks cqjh rjg ijkftr fd;k A
¼v½ fnosj ds ;q) esa
¼c½ dqEHkyx<+ ;q) esa
¼l½ [krksyh ds ;q) esa
¼n½ Mcksd ds ;q) esa (v )

14- gYnh?kkVh dk ;q) yM+k x;k &

¼v½ izrki o ekuflag ds e/;
¼c½ dqEHkk o ekuflag ds chp
¼l½ izrki o vdcj ds e/;
¼n½ mn;flag o egkor [kka ds e/; (v )

15- egkjk.kk izrki ds jkT; dh jkt/kkuh Fkh &

¼v½ pko.M
¼c½ xksxqUnk
¼l½ fpRrkSM+
¼n½ mn;iqj (v )

16- gYnh?kkVh dk ;q) dc gqvk \

¼v½ 21 twu 1575 bZ0 dks
¼c½ 22 twu 1577 bZ0 dks
¼l½ 21 twu 1576 bZ0 dks
¼n½ 18 twu 1576 bZ0 esa (n )

17- duZy VkWM us esokM+ dks FkeksZiYyh crk;k gSA

¼v½ fnosj dk ;q)
¼c½ gYnh?kkVh dk ;q)
¼l½ fpRrkSM+ dk ;q)
¼n½ xksxqUnk dk ;q) (c )
18- vdcj dh v/khurk ftl jktiwr 'kkld us loZizFke Lohdkj dh Fkh og Fkk &
¼v½ jru flag
¼c½ vdcj
¼l½ pUnzlsu
¼n½ Hkkjey (n )

19- esokM+ essa ^esjkFku^ dh laKk fdl ;q) dks nh tkrh gSA
¼v½ [keuksj dk ;q)
¼c½ fnosj dk ;q)
¼l½ j.kFkEHkkSj dk ;q)
¼n½ xksxqUnk dk ;q) (c )

y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u &

Name the sources to know about the history of 'Kumbha' period?

iz'u 20 dqEHkkdkyhu bfrgkl tkuus ds Lkzksr crkb, &

mŸkj & fot; LrEHk] dqEHkyx<+ iz’kfLr] jfldfiz;k] ,dfyax egkRe;] jktoYyHk] o Qkjlh rokjh[ks
dqEHkkdkyhu bfrgkl tkuus ds Lkzksr gSAa

Name the books written by Kumbha

iz’u 21 dqEHkk }kjk jfpr xzUFkksa ds uke fyf[k, &

mŸkj & jfld fiz;k] laxhr ehekalk] laxhrjkt] laxhr jRukdj] p.Mh 'krd vkfn dqEHkk }kjk jfpr
izfl) xzUFk gSaA

Name the famous literary persons of Kumba's period?

iz’u 22 dqEHkk ds le; ds izfl) lkfgR;dkjksa ds uke crkb, &

mŸkj & e.Mu] dkUgk O;kl] xksfoUn] vfHkukFkk dqEHkk ds njckjh lkfgR;dkj FksA

Write names of books written by 'Mandan' -

iz’u 23 e.Mu }kjk jfpr izeq[k xzUFkksa ds uke fyf[k, &

mŸkj& okLrqe.Mu] :ieaMu] jkTkoYyHk] izlkne.Mu] okLrq’kkL= vkfn e.Mu }kjk jfpr izeq[k
xzUFk gSaA
 Write name two forts of Kumbhas period.
iz’u 24 dqEHkkdkyhu nks izfl) nqxksZ ds uke crkb;s A

mŸkj & fpRkkSM+ dk nqxZ] dqEHkyx<+ nqxZ dqEHkkdkyhu izfl) nqxZ gSaA

To whom the word 'hindupat' has been used?

iz’u 25 ^fgUnwir^ 'kCn fdlds fy, iz;qDr gqvk gS \

mŸkj& jk.kk lkaxk dks ^fgUnwir^ dgk x;k gS D;ksa fd mlus lnSo fgUnw /keZ vkSj laLd`fr dh j{kk
dhA

What are important victories of Rana sanga?

iz’u 26 jk.kk lkaxk dh izeq[k fot;sa dkSu&dkSulh Fkha \

mŸkj& vtesj&pkdlw fot;] bczkghe yksnh ij fot;] xkxuksj dk ;q)] ckM+h dk ;q)] [kRkkSyh ij
fot; lkaxk dh izeq[k miyfC/k;ka Fkha A

Write two causes of defeat of Rajputs in Khanva battle.

iz’u 27 [kkuok ;q) esa jktiwrksa dh ijkt; ds nks izeq[k dkj.k crkb, A

mŸkj& ckcj ds ikl rksi[kkus tSlh 'kfDr dk gksuk ,oa ^rqyqxek j.k i)fr^ jktiwrksa dh ijkt; ds
izeq[k dkj.k Fks A

When & where Maharana Pratap's coronation took place?

iz’u 28 egkjk.kk izrki dk jkT;kfHk"ksd dc vkSj dgka gqvk \

mŸkj& 28 Qjojh 1572 bZ0 dks xksxqUnk esa jkT;kfHk"ksd gqvk A

What was the situation of Mewar at the time of Maharan Pratap's coronation?
iz’u 29 egkjk.kk izrki ds jkT;kfHk"ksd ds le; esokM+ dh rRdkyhu fLFkfr dSlh Fkh\

mŸkj& fpRrkSM+ ds lkFk esokM+ ds {ks=] ekaMyx<+] cnukSj] ckXkkSj] tgktiqj o jk;yk ij eqxy
vkf/kiR; LFkkfir gks pqdk FkkA egkjk.kk izrki dks 'kfDr’kkyh eqxy lezkV vdcj dh 'k=qrk
fojklr esa feyh A

Write briefly about the battle of Haldighati.

iz’u 30 gYnh?kkVh ;q) ds fo"k; esa la{ksi esa fyf[k, A
mŸkj& gYnh?kkVh dk ;q) 21 twu 1576 bZ0 esa eqxyksa o egkjk.kk izrki ds e/; gqvk A eqxy lsuk
ekuflag ds usr`Ro esa ;q) yM+ jgh FkhA ;q) esa ijkt; ds ckn Hkh jk.kk dh 'kfDr iw.kZr;k
u"V ugha gqbZ vkSj egkjk.kk izrki ?kkfV;ksa ls gksdj xksxqUnk dh rjQ pys x, A
 Why the battle of Haldighati held important in Indian history?
iz’u 31 gYnh?kkVh ;q) dks Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa egRoiw.kZ D;ksa ekuk x;k gS\

mŸkj& bl ;q) esa vdcj dh fot; vo’; gqbZ ysfdu fQj Hkh vdcj egkjk.kk dks viuh v/khurk
Lohdkj djus ds fy, ck/; ugha dj ik;kA blls egkjk.kk ds ;’k esa dksbZ vUrj ugha vk;kA

fucU/kkRed iz’u &

Mention the cultural achievements of Maharan Kumbha.

iz’u 32 egkjk.kk dqEHkk dh lkaLd`frd miyfC/k;ksa dh O;k[;k fdft, A

mŸkj& egkjk.kk dqEHkk ,d ijkØeh o dq’ky ;ks)k rks Fkk gh cfYd lkaLd`frd ,oa lkfgfR;d
miyfC/k;ksa esa Hkh mldk LFkku loksZifj Fkk] mlus lkfgR;] dyk] n’kZu ukV~;’kkL= ds {ks= esa
iz’kaluh; dk;Z fd,A
dqEHkk o LFkkiR; %& lkefjd vko’;drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, dqEHkk us vusdksa nqXkZ cuok, A
nqxksZ ds lkFk gh efUnj&egy cuokus dk dk;Z Hkh fd;kA dqy 32 nqxksZ dk fuekZ.k dqEHkk us
djok;k muesa ls fpRrkSM+x<+ o dqEHkyx<+ ds nqxZ mYys[kuh; gSA dqEHkyx<+ nqxZ esa jktk dk
fuokl lcls m¡pkbZ ij Fkk ml fuokl dk uke dqEHkk us dVkjx<+ j[kk gSA fpRrkSM+ esa dqEHkk
}kjk fufeZr fot;LrEHk vkt Hkh ml egku 'kkld dh ;kn fnykrk gS A
dqEHkkdkyhu eafnj %& dqEHkk }kjk fufeZr efUnjksa esa fpRrkSM+x<+] dqEHkyx<+ vkSj vpyx<+ ds
nqxksZ esa dqEHkLokeh ds efUnj cuok;sA dSyk’kiqjh dk fo".kq efUnj Hkh mYys[kuh; gS A efUnjksa
dh fuekZ.k 'kSyh iqjkuh gksrs gq, Hkh r{k.kdyk esa vn~Hkqr gSA
dqEHkk o jktegy %& dqEHkk us fpRrkSM+x<+ esa vusdkas jktegyksa dk fuekZ.k djok;k A
jktegy vkdkj esa cM+s Fks] ftlesa dks"kkxkj] 'kL=kxkj] vLrcy] tukuk] enkZuk egy Hkh
gqvk djrs FksA m¡ph Nr >jks[ks jktegyksa dh fo’ks"krk Fkh A
dqEHkkdkyhu lkfgfR;d miyfC/k;k¡ %& ;q) o iz’kklfud dk;ksZ esa O;Lr jgus ds ckn Hkh
dqEHkk O;kdj.k] lkfgR;] mifu"kn o jktuhfr esa fuiq.k Fkk A og Js"B laxhrdkj Hkh Fkk A
mls yksx ^vfHkuo Hkjrkpk;Z^ ds uke ls iqdkjus yxs A
dqEHkk us laxhrjkt] laxhr jRukdj] ehaeklk o jfldfiz;k fy[kh A xhr xksfoUn dk vuqokn
fd;kA mlds le; ds fo[;kr f’kYih eaMu us Hkh nsoewfrZ izdj.k] jktoYyHk] izlkn e.Mu]
oLrq e.Mu] OkkLrq 'kkL= vkfn xzUFkksa dh jpuk dh FkhA e.Mu ds HkkbZ ukFkk us Hkh m)kj
/kksj.kh] dyk fuf/k }kjnhfidk uked xzUFkksa dh jpuk dh A dhfrZLrEHk iz’kfLr dh jpuk
dfo vf= o egs’k ds dkUgk O;kl us ,dfyax egkRe; fy[kk A
dqEHkk dh mikf/k;k¡ %& dhfrZLrEHk o dqEHkyx<+ iz’kfLr ls dqEHkk }kjk /kkj.k dh xbZ vusd
mikf/k;ksa dh tkudkjh feyrh gSA mlls egkjktkf/kjkt] jk;jkiu] jk.kksajkrksa] egkjk.kk]
jktxq:] nkuxq:] gkyxq:] ijexq:] Nkixq: vkfn mikf/k;ka /kkj.k dh FkhA
dqEHkk dk ewY;kadu %& mlus fojklr esa feys jkT; dh j{kk dh vkSj viuh lhek dk foLrkj
Hkh fd;k A mlus xqtjkr ekyok rFkk ekjokM+ ds jkBkSM+ksa ds fujarj vkØe.kksa ds fo:)
vius jkT; dks lqjf{kr j[kkA dqEHkyx<+ iz’kfLr esa mls ^^ifo=rk dk vorkj^^ dgk x;k
 gSA og yksdfiz; 'kkld Fkk vkSj mlusa turk o jkT;fgrksa esa vusdksa dk;Z fd;s A og dq’ky
jktuhfrK FkkA ohj ;ks)k dh Hkkafr yM+rsa gq, mlus izk.k R;kxs A mlus dHkh Hkh viuh
eqfLye iztk ij vR;kpkj ugha fd;s A mlds le; esa esokM+ ,d 'kfDr ds :i esa mfnr
gqvk A ysfdu vius iM+kSlh jkT;ksa ds izfr mldh uhfr U;k;fiz; ugha Fkh A mlus HkkbZ dks
Hkh jkT; ls fuokZflr dj fn;k A jkBkSM+kas ds izfr mldh uhfr xyr Fkh A
fdUrq bu dfe;ksa ds ckotwn Hkh og ,d ohj ;ks)k Fkk A lkaLd`frd {ks= esa rks mldh
vHkwriwoZ nsu ds dkj.k dqEHkk dks bfrgkldkj ;qxiq:"k ekurs gSA vkSj dqEHkk dks J)k ls
;kn fd;k tkrk gS A

Mentions the causes and outcomes battle of Khanva.

iz’u 33 [kkuok ;q) ds dkj.k o ifj.kkeksa dh O;k[;k fdft, A

mŸkj & lejdan o Qjxuk esa ckcj dh fLFkfr & jk.kk lkaxk us Hkkjr ds 'kfDr’kkyh 'kkldksa dks
ijkftr dj [;kfr vftZr dj yh FkhA ysfdu ;s oks le; Fkk tc ckcj e/; ,f’k;k ds
Qjxuk o lejdUn esa vius iSr`d jkT; dks [kks pqdk FkkA ysfdu dkcqy dks izkIr djus esa
lQy Hkh jgk ysfdu oks bl NksVs ls jkT; ls larq"V ugha Fkk A vr% ckcj Hkkjr esa vk;k
vkSj ;gka mldk eqdkcyk [kkuok ds eSnku esa jk.kk lkaxk ls gqvk nksuks ds e/; la?k"kZ ds
vusd dkj.k FksA
nksuks dk egRokdka{kh gksuk %& lkaxk o ckcj nksuks gh viuk&viuk foLr`r lkezkT; LFkkfir
djuk pkgrs FksA
ckcj }kjk lkaxk ij fo’okl?kkr dk vkjksi %& ckcj us ^ckcjukek^ esa lkaxk dks lfU/k rksM+us
okyk fo’okl?kkrh o dkfQj crk;kA ^ckcjukek^ esa Hkh fy[kk x;k fd lkaxk us gesa fnYyh
ij vkØe.k djus cqyk;k FkkA
jktiwr &vQxku laxBu %& jktiwr o vQxku laxBu ckcj ds izfr}Unh FksA vr% ckcj
budh 'kfDr dks u"V dj nsuk pkgrk FkkA
ckcj }kjk [kkuok ;q) dks ftgkn dk uke fn;k x;k A vkSj lkaxk fgUnw /kEkZ dk izcy
leFkZd Fkk A vr% la?k"kZ LokHkkfod FkkA
jk.kk lkaxk }kjk fnYyh lYrur ds v/khu {ks=ksa ij vf/kdkj & [k.Mkj tks fnYyh lYrur
ds v/khu {ks= Fkk] ml ij lkaxk us vf/kdkj dj fy;k blls ckcj Øq) gks x;kA
[kkuok dk ;q) %& 17 ekpZ] 1527 bZ0 dks [kkuok ds eSnku esa ;s ,sfrgkfld ;q) 'kq:
gqvkA ;|fi jktiwr ohjrk ls yM+s fdUrq ckcj ds vkx mxyrs rksi[kkus o rqyqxek ;q)
i)fr ds vkxs mudh ugha pyh A var esa lkaxk ?kk;y gksdj fxj iM+k vkSj jktiwrkas dh
ijkt; rFkk ckcj dh fu.kkZ;d fot; gqbZ A
;q) ds ifj.kke %& eqxyksa dh fot; ls 200 o"kksZ rd eqxyksa us Hkkjr ij jkT; fd;k A vkSj
ckcj dks gjkdj [knsM+us okyh dksbZ 'kfDr ugha cphA
jktiwr lkezkT; dk iru % ijkt; ds vfrfjDr jktiwr 'kkldksa dks vikj tu&/ku dh
gkfu lguh iM+h A
esokM+ dh izfr"Bk dk âkl %& MkW- th-,u 'kekZ us dgk gS fd ^^lfn;ksa ls esokM+ dh izfr"Bk
dks bl ;q) ls cgqr cM+k /kDdk yxk^^A
 fgUnw lkezkT; cukus dk LoIu /kwfey gks x;k %& MkW- ,-,y- JhokLro dk dFku fd ^^fons’kh
jkT; dks feVkus dh jktiwrksa dh vkadk{kk lekIr gks xbZ ^^A
fgUnw dyk o laLd`fr ij vk?kkr & MkW- j?kqohj flag dk ;s dFku lR; izrhr gksrk gS fd
jk.kk lkaxk dh gkj o mldh e`R;q dsoy esokM+ ds fy, gh ugha vfirq jktLFkku ds fy, Hkh
cgqr gh ?kkrd izekf.kr gqbZ ^^A ckcj ds oa’ktks dk yEcs le; rd bl ns’k esa 'kklu cuk
jgk A
jk.kk lkaxk us ns’k dh j{kkFkZ vius izk.kksa dh vkgwfr nh A blh dkj.k MkW- xksihukFk 'kekZ us
fy[kk gS fd ^^mlus vius pfj= cy ls ml le; esa bl ckr dh iqf"V dj nh Fkh fd mPp in
vkSj prqjkbZ dh vis{kk Lons’k j{kk vkSj ekuo /keZ dk ikyu djus dh {kerk dk vf/kd egRo gS]
mlus fgEer] enkZuxh vkSj ohjrk ds vkpj.k dks viukdj vius vki dks vej cuk;k^^A
v/;k;&8
Marathan invasion on Rajasthan and its outcome
jktLFkku esa ejkBk vkØe.k vkSj mlds ifj.kke

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- jktLFkku esa ejkBksa ds izo’s k dk tks dkj.k ugha Fkk og gS &

¼v½ jktiwrksa dh v;ksX;rk
¼c½ ejkBksa dh vkfFkZd lEiUurk
¼l½ eqxy lkezkT; dk iru
¼n½ ejkBksa dh lkezkT;oknh uhfr (c)

2- jktLFkku esa ejkBksa ds izo’s k dk eq[; izHkko iM+k &

¼v½ jktiwr 'kkldksa dh 'kfDr esa o`f)
¼c½ jktLFkku dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dk 'kkspuh; gksuk
¼l½ jktiwr 'kkldksa dh LorU=rk dk vUr
¼n½ jktiwr &ejkBk fe=rk esa o`f) (l)

3- ikuhir dk r`rh; ;q) gqvk Fkk &

¼v½ 1789 bZ0 esa
¼c½ 1750 bZ0 esa
¼l½ 1761 bZ0 esa
¼n½ 1725 bZ0 esa (l)

4- canw h ds egkjko cq)flag vkSj lokbZ t;flag ds chp vucu dk izeq[k dkj.k Fkk &
¼v½ cqf)flag us viuh dPNkok jkuh ij pfj=ghurk dk vkjksi yxk fn;k FkkA
¼c½ cqf)flag dPNkok jkuh dh vis{kk pawMkor jkuh ls vf/kd izse djrk FkkA
¼l½ lokbZ t;flag cwna h ij viuk vkf/kiR; LFkkfir djuk pkgrk FkkA
¼n½ lokbZ t;flag dh ^ejkBk uhfr ds fØ;kUo;u esa cqf)flag ck/kk Mky jgk FkkA
(l)
5- jktLFkku esa ejkBk gLr{ksi fdl jkT; ds mŸkjkf/kdkj fookn ls 'kq: gqvkA
¼v½ t;iqj
¼c½ tks/kiqj
¼l½ dksVk
¼n½ cwUnh (n)
6- ejkBs jktLFkku ds jktiwr 'kkkldksa ls tks dj olwy djrs Fks og Fkk&
¼v½ ljns’keq[kh vkSj pkSFk
¼c½ tft;k vkSj tdkr
¼l½ vk;kr vkSj fu;kZr
¼n½ [kEl vkSj f[kjkt
(v)
7- tks/kiqj fj;klr ds mŸkjkf/kdkj la?k"kZ esa gksYdj us fdldk i{k fy;k&
¼v½ jkeflag
¼c½ vHk; flag
¼l½ c[r flag
¼n½ mEesn flag
(l)
8- ejkBksa us mn;iqj ij vkØe.k dc fd;k &
¼v½ 1722 bZ0 esa
¼c½ 1724 bZ0 esa
¼l½ 1725 bZ0 esa
¼n½ 1728 bZ0 esa (l)

y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u &

Write four causes of Maratha iviration -

9- ejkBk vkØe.k ds 4 dkj.k crkb;s &

mŸkj /ku yksyqirk]

eqxy lkezkT; dk iru]
ejkBksa dh lkezkT;oknh uhfr]
jktiwrksa dh fucZyrk A

What is the meaning of Chauth and Sardeshmukhi?

10- pkSFk o ljns’keq[kh dk D;k rkRi;Z gS\

mŸkj pkSFk & ,d izdkj dk dj] ftlesa ijkftr jktk ls ejkBsa mldh vkenuh dk 1@4 Hkkx ysrs FksA
ljns’keq[kh & vkenuh dk 1@10 Hkkx dks dgrs Fks] ;s ftl jkT; dks thrk tkrk Fkk mlh ls
olwy fd;k tkrk FkkA
 Write important centres of internal conflict of Rajput rules.
11- jktiwr 'kkldksa ds vkilh la?k"kZ ds izeq[k dsUnzkas dk mYys[k dhft, &

mŸkj jktiwr 'kkldksa ds la?k"kZ dk dsUnz t;iqj] cx:] tks/kiqj] ukxkSj o esokM+ jgsA

When and by whom was Jayappa Sindhiya killed ?

12- t;Iik flfU/k;k dks dc vkSj fdlus ekSr ds ?kkV mrkjk \

mŸkj t;Iik ds vfHkekuh vkSj viekuiw.kZ O;ogkj ls fp<+ dj 25 tqykbZ 1755 bZ0 dks ejkBk f’kfoj esa gh
Luku djrs gq, fot; flag us ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj fn;kA

Which state of Rajasthan was the first hunt target of plunder?

13- jktLFkku ds fdl jkT; dks loZizFke ywVekj dk f’kdkj cuuk iM+k \

mŸkj jktLFkku esa t;iqj jkT; dks loZizFke ejkBkvksa dh ywVekj dk f’kdkj gksuk iM+k A ejkBksa dks ywV
esa dkQh /ku feykA

Why the Jaipur rulers took support of Marathas in their intangible conflict.
14- vius vkilh la?k"kZ esa ejkBksa dh lSfud lgk;rk dk leFkZu t;iqj ds fdu 'kkldksa us izkIr fd;k\

mŸkj t;iqj ds jktk t;flag dh e`R;q ds ckn bZ’ojh flag xn~nh ij cSBk & bl ij ek/kks flag us mlls
jkT; ds vk/ks fgLls dh ekax dh ftls bZ’ojh flag us Bqdjk fn;kA ek/kksflag us ejkBksa ds eYgkj jko
gksYdj rFkk bZ’ojh flag us jkuksth flfU/k;k dk lSfud leFkZu izkIr fd;kA

fucU/kkRed iz’u &

Mention the main causes of Maratha's invasion in Rajasthan.

15- jkTkLFkku esa ejkBk vkØe.kksa ds eq[; dkj.kksa dh foospuk dhft, &

mŸkj t;Iik ds vfHkekuh vkSj viekuiw.kZ O;ogkj ls fp<+ dj 25 tqykbZ 1755 bZ0 dks ejkBk f’kfoj esa gh
Luku djrs gq, ekSr ds ?kkV mrkj fn;kA
ejkBk & is’kok ckthjko egRokdka{kh]lkezkT; ds foLrkjoknh uhfr dk iks"kd FkkA ejkBk iruksUeq[kh
eqxy lkekzT; dks /kjk’kk;h djuk pkgrs Fks vkSj ,slk gqvk Hkh A 1735 bZ0 esa ejkBksa us iwjk ekyok
vius v/khu dj fy;k FkkA bl dkj.k ls ejkBksa dk ekyok ls jktLFkku esa izo's k vklku gks x;kA
nwljh vkSj jktiwr Hkh detksj o ttZj gksrs eqxy ckn’kkgksa dh okLrfod fLFkfr dks le>
pqds FksA
jktiwr Loa; Hkh v’kDr gks pys Fks mŸkjkf/kdkj ;q) vkSj x`g;q)ksa dh fLFkfr ls os Loa; Hkh
vius fy, dksbZ ennxkj pkgrs Fks A mUgsa ejkBksa ds :i esa ennxkj miyC/k gq, tks vkxs pydj
muds xys dh Qkal cu x;s vkSj vkf[kjdkj ejkBksa ls viuk ihNk NqM+kus ds fy, jktiwr jkT;
vaxzstksa dh 'kj.kLFkyh cu x;sA
 MkW- ;nqukFk ljdkj ds vuqlkj %& ^^x`g;q)ksa ds dkj.k nqcZy vkSj nfjnz jktiwrkuk esa ejkBksa dks mPp
LFkku izkIr gks x;k] vc ejkBsa fu%lgk; jktiwrkuk dks izfr o"kZ ywVus yxs^^A
jktLFkku esa ejkBk vkØe.k ds fuEufyf[kr dkj.k Fks %&
1- ejkBksa dh detksj vkfFkZd fLFkfr % 'kq: esa ejkBksa dh fLFkfr vPNh ugha Fkh fdUrq vkfFkZd fLFkfr dks
lq/kkjus ds fy, ejkBksa us xqtjkr o ekyok dks thr fy;k& ;gka ds ywV ds /ku us mudh /ku
fiiklk vkSj c<+k nhA
2- jktiwrksa esa ikjLifjd oSeuL; % HkkbZ&HkkbZ] firk&iq= o lxs lEcfU/k;ksa ds e/; "kM;U=ksa dk le;
FkkA bl dkj.k ls canw h] t;iqj] esokM+ o tks/kiqj lHkh ejkBksa ds fu;a=.k esa vk x;sA vkSj ejkBk bu
jkT;ksa dks th Hkjdj ywVrs FksA
3- eqxy’kkldksa dh nqcZyrk % lcy dsUnzh; 'kfDr ds vHkko esa ejkBk jkTLFkku esa viuk izHkqRo tek
ldsA mUgsa dksbZ Mj ugha jgkA
4- ejkBksa dh lkezkT;oknh eukso`fr % ejkBs vius jkT; dh lhek c<+kuk pkgrs Fks mUgksuas jkTkLFkku dks
viuh eukso`fr dk f’kdkj cuk;kA
5- jktiwrksa ds ikjLifjd ikfjokfjd dyg % loZ= lRrk dks ysdj HkkbZ&HkkbZ esa] jktk&jktk es]a jktk
tkxhjnkj es]a jktk lkeUrksa ds e/; le;&le; ij f[akprh ryokjksa us jkTkiwrksa dks v’kDr cuk
fn;kA
6- pkSFk o ljns’keq[kh dk yksHk % pkSFk &vkenuh dk pkSFkk Hkkx &vkSj vki o ywV dk 10oka Hkkx ds
:i esa jktkvksa ls ejkBksa dks cgqr /ku feyus yxkA bl yksHk ls ,d ejkBk ljnkj fdlh ,d
dk&vkSj nwljk ejkBk ljnkj nwljs i{k ds lkFk feydj ;q) djrs jgs o djokrs jgsA mUgksusa
tkucw> dj jkTkLFkku dks ;q)LFkyh cuk fn;k vkSj th Hkjdj jktLFkku dks ywVk A mudh
/kuykylk ls nq%[kh gksdj vkf[kjdkj t;iqj ds ek/kksflag us ejkBksa dh ?ksjkcUnh dj pkSFk o
ljns’keq[kh olwy djus vk, ejkBkvksa dk dRysvke djok;kA
7- jktiwrksa dh lSfud 'kfDr dk ijkHko % jktiwrksa dh fLFkfr vk/kqfud vL=&’kL= o ?kksM+s [kjhnus
yk;d Hkh ugha jghA ftu jktiwrksa us vius 'kkS;Z ls eqxy lkezkT; dk foLrkj fd;k FkkA os gh vius
jkT; dks ckg~; vkØe.kksa ls cpk ikus esa vlgk; eglwl djus yxsA
8- ejkBk uhfr us jktiwrksa dks vaxzsth laj{k.k esa /kdsy fn;kA
v/;k;&9
British domain over Rajasthan and its outcome
jktLFkku ij fczfV’k vkf/kiR; vkSj mlds ifj.kke

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- vaxzstksa ls lfU/k djus okyk jktLFkku dk izFke jkT; Fkk &

¼v½ vyoj
¼c½ dksVk
¼l½ Hkjriqj
¼n½ cwUnh (c)
2- esokM+ ds egkjktk Hkheflag dh iq=h d`".kk dqekjh dh lxkbZ gqbZ Fkh A
¼v½ t;iqj ds lokbZ txr flag ls
¼c½ tks/kiqj ds egkjktk eku flag ls
¼l½ tks/kiqj ds egkjk.kk Hkheflag ls
¼n½ tks/kiqj ds egkjktk fot; flag ls (l)
3- 1813 bZ0 ds ckn jktiwr jkT;ksa ds izfr uhfr esa ifjorZu vkus dk dkj.k Fkk A
¼v½ ejkBksa us jktiwr jkT;ksa dks vius vf/kdkj esa dj fy;k FkkA
¼c½ ykMZ gsfLVaXt Hkkjr esa dEiuh dh loksZPp lRrk LFkkfir djuk pkgrk FkkA
¼l½ jktiwr jkT;ksa esa ikjLifjd dyg c<+ x;s Fks A
¼n½ jktiwr jkT;ksa dh le`f) vaxzstksa ds fy, vkd"kZ.k Fkh A (c)
4- jktiwr jkT;ksa ls lfU/k djus okyk vaxzst vf/kdkjh Fkk A
¼v½ esVdkWQ
¼c½ vkWDVj yksuh
¼l½ duZy VkWM
¼n½ ,yfQUlVu (v)
5- jktiwr jkT;ksa ij fczfV’k vkf/kiR; dk eq[; ifj.kke gqvk \
¼v½ jktiwr jkT;ksa dk vkfFkZd fodkl
¼c½ jktiwrksa ds lkFk eS=h lEcU/k
¼l½ jktiwr 'kkldksa ds Hkksx&foykl esa o`f) gks x;h A
¼n½ jktiwrksa dh Lok;Rrk esa o`f) (l)
y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u &

Why did Maratha's interfere in Rajasthan?

iz’u 6 jktLFkku esa ejkBksa dk gLr{ksi D;ksa gqvk \

mŸkj t;iqj cwna h la?k"kZ esa] cwna h ds inP;qr jktk cqf)flag dh jkuh us gksYdj dks viuh lgk;rk
ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;k A

What was the incident of Krishna Kumari?

iz’u 7 d`".kk dqekjh dh ?kVuk D;k Fkh \

mŸkj esokM+ ds egkjk.kk Hkheflag dh iq=h d`".kk dqekjh dh lxkbZ tks/kiqj ds jktk Hkheflag ls r;
gqbZ] fookg ls iwoZ Hkheflag dk nsgkUr gks x;k A vr% egkjk.kk us mldk fookg t;iqj ds
'kkld lokbZ txr flag ls djuk pkgkA tks/kiqj dk rkRdkfyd 'kkld ekuflag Hkh d`".kk
dqekjh ls fookg djuk pkgrk Fkk A vr% mlus t;iqj ij p<+kbZ dj nhA t;iqj Vhdk ys
tkus okyk ny okfil mn;iqj ykSV x;k A egkjk.kk esokM+ us vehj [kka dk /k`f.kr izLrko
ekudj d`".kk dqekjh dks fo"k ns fn;k vfrlqUnj jktdqekjh dk nsgkUr gks x;k A

What was the main reason behind Jhala Jalim Singh of Kota tie hands with the
British?
iz’u 8 dksVk ds >kyk tkfye flag us vaxzstksa ls lfU/k D;ksa dh \

mŸkj >kyk tkfye flag dksVk jkT; dk QkStnkj Fkk mlus vaxzstksa ls lkaBxkB dj vius
mŸkjkf/kdkfj;ksa ds fy,&,d LorU= jkT; >kykokM+ dh LFkkiuk djok yh & dksVk dks
vaxHkax dj >kykokM+ cuk;k x;kA >kyk us vius mŸkjkf/kdkfj;ksa ds fy, Lof.kZe Hkfo";
fuf’pr dj fy;k A

What was the main aim of Rajputs behind joining hands with the British?
iz’u 9 jktiwr jkT;ksa }kjk vaxzstks ls lfU/k;ka djus dk izeq[k dkj.k D;k Fkk \

mŸkj jkTkiwr jkT;ksa us ejkBksa }kjk ^^ljns’keq[kh^^ o ^^pkSFk^^ rFkk ;q)ksa ds cnys dh tkus okyh
ywVikV ls cpus ds fy, vaxzstksa ls lfU/k dh A fi.Mkfj;ksa ds vkØe.kksa rFkk mudh ywVekj
ls cpus ds fy, Hkh vaxzstks ls lfU/k dh xbZA

fucU/kkRed iz’u&

What was the outcome of British domain over Rajasthan ?

iz’u 10 jktLFkku ij fczfV’k vkf/kiR; ds D;k ifj.kke gq, \

mŸkj jkT;ksa dh vkfFkZd nqnZ’kk &vaxzstksa dks dsoy f[kjkt] VSDl ;k viuh vkenuh ls eryc FkkA
vaxzstksa dh VSDl uhfr us jtokM+kas dh vfFkZd fLFkfr dks fcxkM+ fn;k A
jtokM+s ds [kpZ ij Loa; ds fy, lSfud rS;kj fd;sA
'ks[kkoVh esa 'kkfUr ds uke ij 'ks[kkoVh fczxM
s vkSj eh.kkvksa dks nckus ds fy, esjokM+k esa
esjokM+k cVkfy;u dk;e dh xbZ A
lqizcU/k dk cgkuk ysdj ^^esokM+ Hkhy dksj^^ LFkkfir dh xbZ A tks/kiqj esa 'kkfUr O;oLFkk
ds uke ij ^Nkax^ dh O;oLFkk dh xbZA
ijxuksa ds 21 xkao fczfV’k ljdkj us vius v/khu dj fy, A
cdk;k jkf’k ij 12% okf"kZd nj ls C;kt] pØo`f) C;kt] ewy/ku ds lkFk tksM+k tkrk
Fkk A
dEiuh jktkvksa dh Hkkafr Hkkjh jkf’k olwy djrh FkhA
dEiuh tulk/kkj.k ls ?kwl vkSj csxkj ysrh FkhA jktLo esa dEiuh dh fgLlsnkjh j[krh
FkhA
jkT;ksa ds vkUrfjd iz’kklu esa iwjk n[ky j[krh FkhA
jtokM+kas dh lsuk dk fu;U=.k & dEiuh ds fu;qDr &jsthMsUVks ds gkFkkas esa jgus yxkA
lkeUrksa ds izfr fHkUu uhfr & tks lkeUr vaxzstksa dks turk] d`"kd vkSj NksVs lkeUrksa ls
dj olwy dj /kujkf’k nsrs jgrs Fks muls fczfV’k inkf/kdkjh [kq’k jgus yxsA
ftu jktk o lkeUrksa us mudk fojks/k fd;k mUgs os cqjh rjg dqpy nsrs FksA
tkxhjnkjksa ls /ku dh ywV o turk dh utj esa tkxhjnkjksa dks fxjkuk A
Hkkjrh; ujs’kksa ds lkekftd jhfr&fjokt o ijEijkvksa ij dqBkjk?kkr djukA
jktkvksa dh lsok Hkh vaxzsth jsthMsUVksa ds b’kkjksa ij dke djrh FkhA
lkeUrksa dks djnkrk cukdj izHkkoghu cukuk pkgrh FkhA
jkgxhjksa ls jkgnkjh o nkukiuh VSDl olwy fd;k tkrk FkkA
jktkvksa dh in e;kZnk lekIr dj nh xbZ FkhA
vkUrfjd iz’kklu esa vaxzstksa ds n[ky ds dkj.k jktk &Hkksxfoyklh o fudEesa gks x;s
FksA os efguksa rd vUr%iqj ls ckgj ugha fudyrs Fks A jktkvksa dk vf/kd le; 'kjkc]
vUr%iqj] gkfFk;ks ds djrc] foyk;rh 'kjkc ds u’ks essa rFkk rek’ks ns[kus esa O;rhr gksrs
Fks A 'kkldksa ds ckjs esa eqU’kh nsoh izlkn us fy[kk gS fd ^^fdlh us Hkh viuh fj;klr esa
bl fljs ls ml fljs rd dk nkSjk u fd;k gksxk u gh jS¸;r ls iwNk gksxk fd rqEgkjh
D;k gkyr gS^^A
v/;k;&10

Administrative Judicial, Social and Economic changes during British domain

fczfV’k vkf/kiR; dky esa iz’kklfud] U;kf;d] lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd ifjorZu

oLrqfu"B iz’u &

1- fczfV’k ljdkj dk jktiwr jkT;ksa dh 'kklu O;oLFkk esa ifjorZu djus dk eq[; mn~ns’; Fkk &
¼v½ jkT;ksa dks lEiUu cukukA
¼c½ fczfV’k fgrksa dks ykHk igqapkukA
¼l½ jkT;ksa ds jktLo ij vf/kdkj djukA
¼n½ jkT;ksa dks 'kfDr’kkyh cukukA
(l)
2- jktLFkku esa dU;k o/k dh izFkk izpfyr gksus dk dkj.k Fkk \
¼v½ ngst izFkk
¼c½ HkkV o pkj.kksa }kjk ekaxh tkus okyh R;kx
¼l½ ifjokj esa yM+fd;kas dk iSnk gksuk v’kqHk ekuukA
¼n½ iq=h dk fookg mPp dqy esa djus ij /ku [kpZ uk dj ikus
(v)
3- fczfV’k lja{k.k dky esa t;iqj esa U;k; dh vfUre vnkyr Fkh A
¼v½ vihy U;k;ky;
¼c½ btykl
¼l½ loksZPp U;k;ky;
¼n½ egdek [kkl
(n)
4- iz’kklfud lqfo/kk ds fy, tks/kiqj jkT; &
¼v½ e.Myksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;kA
¼c½ gqdqerksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;kA
¼l½ ftyksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;kA
¼n½ lwcksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;kA
(c)
5- jktLFkku esa jsyekxZ cuk &
¼v½ 1880 bZ0 esa
¼c½ 1888 bZ0 esa
¼l½ 1877 bZ0 esa
¼n½ 1870 bZ0 esa (l)
6- 1880 bZ0 esa esokM+ esa nhokuh o QkStnkjh U;k; iz’kklu ds fy, ftl U;kf;d bdkbZ dk xBu fd;k
x;k og Fkh &
¼v½ egdek [kkl
¼c½ btykl [kkl
¼l½ jktJh egklHkk
¼n½ jktJh egkUnzkt lHkk (n)

7- vkS|ksfxd n`f"V ls jktLFkku ds fiNM+siu dk izeq[k dkj.k Fkk &

¼v½ dPps eky dk vHkko
¼c½ fczfV’k uhfr
¼l½ ns’kh 'kkldksa dh mnklhu uhfr
¼n½ O;kikfj;ksa dh uhfr (n)

y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u &

Give a brief description of the development of Railway in Rajasthan during British

period.
iz’u 8 fczfV’k vkf/kiR; dky esa jktLFkku esa gq, jsy fodkl dh laf{kIr tkudkjh nhft,A

mŸkj fczfV’k vf/kdkfj;ksa us vius lkezkT; o O;kikj okf.kT; dh mUufr ds fy, ;krk;kr ds
lk/kuksa dks fodflr djus ij iwjk tksj fn;kA
1860 bZ0 ds ckn lM+d ekxksZ ds fuekZ.k ij Hkh /;ku fn;k] jktLFkku ds izeq[k dsUnz vtesj
dks jktLFkku ds lhekUr izns’kkas xqtjkr] e/;Hkkjr] mŸkj if’peh izkUrksa ls tksM+kA 1877 bZ0
esa fnYyh] vkxjk] ckanhdqbZ] vtesj ulhjkckn jsy ykbZu cukbZ x;hA
1880 bZ0 esa Qqyjs k ls dqpkeu jksM+ ykbZu 'kq: dh xbZA jsy fuekZ.k ds nwljs pj.k esa
ekjokM+] ikyh tks/kiqj dks ywuh o iapHknzk] tks/kiqj chdkusj dks jsy ekxZ ls tksM+k x;kA
1899 bZ0 esa chuk] xquk]ckajk jsyekxZ pkyw fd;s x;sA ;s iz;kl fczfV’k ljdkj us Loa; ds
O;kikfjd fgrksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj fd;s x;sA

Mention the changes in the field of education during British period.

iz’u 9 fczfV’k laj{k.k dky esa f’k{kk ds {ks= esa gq, ifjorZuksa dks crkb;sA

mŸkj vaxzst Hkkjrh;ksa dks ,d lLrk fyfid vkSj dkyk vaxzst cukuk pkgrs FksA os pkgrs Fks fd
vaxzsth f’k{kk ls ,d ,slk oxZ rS;kj gks tks dk;Z esa fyfid oxZ dh gSfl;r ls vaxzstksa dh
lgk;rk djus okyk gksA os Hkkjrh; ujs’kksa o vaxzstksa ds e/; nqHkkf"k, dh leL;k dks Hkh
lekIr djuk pkgrs FksA
fe’ku Ldwy %& jktLFkku esa vaxzsth f’k{kk 'kq: djus dh n`f"V ls fe’ku Ldwy [kksys x;sA
loZizFke C;koj esa fQj vtesj esa] ulhjkckn] VkWMx<+] nsoyh] t;iqj] lkaHkj ] Qqyjs k] vyoj]
ckanhdqbZ] tks/kiqj] mn;iqj ]dksVk vkfn esa fe’ku Ldwy LFkkfir fd;s x;sA
 jktdqekj o lkeUr iq=ksa dh f’k{kk %& jktk o lkeUrksa dh f’k{kk ds fy, loZizFke 1867 bZ0
esa ^uksfcYl Ldwy ^ t;iqj esa [kksyk x;kA tks/kiqj esa ^^ikbysV uksfcYl Ldwy [kksyk x;kA
es;ks dkWyst %& 1870 bZ0 esa ykMZ es;ks us jktkvksa o lkeUr iq=ksa ds fy, vtesj es es;ks
dkWyst dh LFkkiuk dh A
L=h f’k{kk & yM+fd;ksa dh f’k{kk ?kjksa ij gksrh FkhA ysfdu loZizFke 1866 bZ0 esa t;iqj]
mn;iqj] Hkjriqj esa ljdkjh Ldwy] C;koj esa efgyk fe’ku Ldwy ,oa vtesj esa efgyk fe’ku
Ldwy dh LFkkiuk dh A

What important changs were made in the judicial system in Rajasthan during British
period ?
iz’u 10 fczfV’k laj{k.k dky esa t;iqj U;k; iz’kklu esa D;k&D;k eq[; ifjorZu fd;s x;s\

mŸkj igys U;k; o 'kklu foHkkx jktk ds v/khu Fks A vaxzst ,tsUV FklZch us 'kklu foHkkx ls
U;k; foHkkx dks vyx dj fn;kA
jkT; esa nhokuh o QkStnkjh vnkyrsa vyx&vyx fu;qDr dh xbZA rglhy vnkyrksa ds
Åij ukfte o eqfalaQ vnkyrsa gksrh FkhA buds Åij ^vnkyr nhokuh^ o ^vnkyr
QkStnkjh^ LFkkfir dh x;hA buds Åij ^vihy U;k;ky; FkkA blesa 4 tt gksrs Fks A nks
tt nhokuh vihy o 2 tt QkStnkjh vihy lqurs FksA jkT; esa xfBr ^'kklu ifj"kn~^ U;k;
dh vfUre vihy vnkyr FkhA
jkT; dk 'kkld bl vnkyr dk v/;{k gksrk Fkk og e`R;qn.M Hkh ns ldrk FkkA
vkxs pydj 'kklu ifj"kn dks nks Hkkxksa esa ckaV fn;k x;kA izFke Hkkx ds &^btykl^ nwljs
dks ^egdek [kkl^ dgk tkrk FkkA ¼egdek [kkl jkT; dh loksZPp vnkyr FkhA 1924 bZ0 esa
jkT; esa nhokuh vkSj QkStnkjh n.M lafgrk Hkh rS;kj dh xbZA U;k;ky; LVkEi 'kqYd
lEcU/kh fu;e Hkh cuk;s x;sA
fucU/kkRed iz’u&

Mention the changes in administration and social fields in Rajasthan during British
period.
iz’u % 11 fczfV’k vkf/kiR; dky esa jktLFkku es iz’kklfud ,oa lkekftd {ks= esa gq, ifjorZuksa dh O;k[;k
fdft, &

mŸkj 1817&18 bZ0 es jktLFkku jkT;ksa vkSj dEIkuh ljdkj ¼bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh½ ds e/; tks
lfU/k;k¡ gqbZ mUgas ge ^^lgk;d lfU/k^^ ds uke ls Hkh tkurs gSA jktLFkku esa vyx&vyx
jktkvksa ds lkFk vyx&vyx iz'kklfud lfU/k;k¡ gqbZ vkSj bl rjg dh lfU/k;ksa ds ek/;e ls
dEiuh us jtokM+ksa dks iwjk vius fxj¶r esa ys fy;kA blls pkgs ftrus cqjs izHkko iM+s gks ysfdu
,d vPNk izHkko ;g gqvk fd bl lfU/k ds QyLo:i jktiwr 'kkldksa ds ckg~; vkØe.kksa dk
Hk; lekIr gks x;kA
vaxsztksa us jtokM+kas dh vkUrfjd fLFkfr dks Hkh iw.kZr;k fu;af=r djus dh n`f"V ls jktLFkku
jkT;ksa dh jkt/kkuh esa viuk ,d ikWfyfVdy ,stsUV ;k jsthMsUV fu;qDr dj fn, A
jktLFkku esa iz’kklfud ifjorZu dh n`f"V ls %& jktLFkku esa esokM+] if’peh jktiwrkuk vkSj
t;iqj jsthMsUlh cuk nh x;hA
,tsfUl;ksa dk xBu & jktiwrkuk ] gkM+kSrh] VkSd] vyoj] dksVk lfgr 5 ,tsfUl;ksa dk xBu dj
fn;k x;kA
vtesj dfe’ujh dh LFkkiuk & vtesj jsthMsUlh dk]s jktiwrkuk jsthMsfUl;ksa ds fu;=a.k dk
dk;Z lkSaik x;k blds fy, ,-th-th- ¼,tsUV Vw n~ xoZuj tujy½ dh fu;qfDr dh xbZA
ikWfyfVdy ,tsUV }kjk f[kjkt olwyh dh tkus yxhA
f[kjkt olwyh ds uke ij fczfV’k gLr{ksi c<+ x;kA jktLFkkuh jkT;ksa esa fczfV’k inkf/kdkjh Hkh
c<+k fn, x,A
1857 bZ0 rd fczfV’k inkf/kdkjh fj;klrksa ds izfr v/khuLFk vyxko dh uhfr dk vuqlj.k
fd;k A ysfdu 1857 bZ0 ds ckn fczfV’k ljdkj us ^ v/khuLFk lg;ksx^ dh uhfr viuk;hA
'kkldksa dks losZlokZ j[kk x;k] mldh lgk;rk ds fy, nhoku uke vf/kdkjh gksrk Fkk] ftls
^iz/kku^ ;k ^eqlkfgc^ Hkh dgk tkrk FkkA
iz’kklfud dk;ksZ ds fu;=a.k gsrq ,d dkSfUly cukbZ x;h%& ysfdu okLrfod 'kfDr ikWfyfVDy
,tsUV ds ikl FkhA mlh dh euekuh o vkns’kkuqlkj 'kkld v/khu lkeUrksa ls euekus ykx o
dj olwy djrk FkkA
gqdqerksa dk fuekZ.k %& tks/kiqj jkT; dks 23 gqdqerksa esa ckaVk x;k] izR;sd gqdqer ds eq[;
vf/kdkjh dks ^gkfde^ dgk tkrk FkkA

xzke iapk;rks dks iquZthfor fd;k x;k rFkk 1945&46 esa ^^ekjokM+ xzke iapk;r vf/kfu;e ikfjr
fd;k x;kA
uxjikfydk dh LFkkiuk %& cM+s 'kgjksa esa uxjikfydkvksa dh LFkkiuk dh xbZA lkoZtfud
fpfdRlky;ksa dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ tsy O;oLFkk esa lq/kkj o jkT; deZpkfj;ksa dh lqj{kk gsrq lsok
fu;e cuk;s x;sA
;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd ;s vk/kqfudhdj.k ds ekxZ esa egRoiw.kZ dne Fks A iz’kklfud O;oLFkk
cuk;s j[kus ds fy, ftu fu;eksa dks cuk;k x;k mudk izHkko iz'kklu ds lkFk&lkFk lkekftd
thou tSls&lrhizFkk] dU;k o/k] Mkfdu izFkk o cPpksa ds Ø; foØ; ij iM+k A ysfdu bldk
vlj cgqr gh /khjs&/khjs iM+k A
lkekftd thou esa ifjorZu %& fczfV’k ljdkj ds jktuSfrd] iz’kklfud] vkfFkZd <kaps esa fd;s
x;s ifjorZuksa us lkekftd thou esa Hkh izxfr dk ekxZ iz’kLr dj fn;kA
fczfV’k ljdkj ds ncko ds dkj.k jktiwr 'kkldksa us dqN dqizFkkvksa dks xSj dkuwuh ?kksf"kr dj
mUgsa lekIr djus dk izLrko fd;kA
O;olk;ksa esa ifjorZu %& tkfrizFkk dk ijEijkxr Lo:i rks cuk jgk ysfdu lkekftd
xfr’khyrk ds dkj.k tkfr] mitkfr o fuEutkfr;ksa esa Hkh O;olk; ifjorZu gksus yxkA
jktiwr&lSfud dk;Z ls fudydj d`f"k dk;Z o jktdh; lsok viukrs tk jgs FksA czkã.k Hkh
v/;kiu dk;Z ds lkFk d`f"k dk;Z djus yxs A bl lkekftd xfr’khyrk dk izeq[k dkj.k Hkwfe
cUnkscLr] okf.kT; O;kikj ij c<+rk fczfV’k fu;a=.k] ;krk;kr ds lk/kuksa dk fodkl FkkA
lrhizFkk dk vUr%& lrhizFkk dk izpyu jktiwrksa es lcls vf/kd FkkA 1922 esa cwUnh esa] 1830 esa
vyoj esa] 1844 esa t;iqj] 1846 bZ0 esa Mwaxjiqj&ckalokM+k izrkix<+ us 1848 es]a tks/kiqj ] dksVk
1860 bZ0 esa mn;iqj us lrhizFkk dks xSj dkuwuh ?kksf"kr dj fn;k x;kA
Mkdu izFkk dk vUr& jktLFkku dh vusd tkfr;ksa us fL=;ksa ij Mkdu gksus dk vkjksi yxkdj
ekj fn;k tkrk FkkA 1853 esa ^^esokM+ Hkhy dksj ds ,d lSfud us ,d L=h dks Mkdu gksus ds
lUnsg esa ekj Mkyk A vDVqcj 1957 esa bls xSj dkuwuh ?kksf"kr dj fn;k x;kA iwjh rjg 20oha
'krkCnh ds vUr esa f’k{kk izlkj ds ckn lekIr gqbZA
dU;k o/k ij jksd %& Hkkjr esa dU;k o/k dh izFkk izpfyr Fkh A fczfV’k izHkqRo LFkkfir gksus ds
ckn lcls igys 1834 bZ0 esa dksVk esa dU;k o/k dks xSj dkuwuh ?kksf"kr fd;k x;kA 1837 bZ0 esa
 chdkusj ] 1839 bZ0 esa tks/kiqj&1844 bZ0 esa mn;iqj esa dU;k o/k dks xSj dkuwuh djkj ns fn;k
x;kA bl izdkj 19 oha 'krkCnh ds e/; rd yxHkx lHkh jkT;ksa us bl dqizFkk dks voS/k ?kksf"kr
dj fn;kA
ekuo O;kikj izFkk dk vUr %& 19oha 'krkCnh rd] lEiUu jktiwr viuh iq=h ds ngst ds fy,
xksyk&xksyh [kjhnrs Fks A lk/kq vius psys ds fy, yM+dks dk Ø; djrs FksA dqN j[kSy gsrq
efgykvksa dks] dqN os’;ko`fr ds fy, vkSj dqN ?kjsyq dk;Z ds fy, vkSjrksa dk Ø; djrs FksA
fczfV’k 'kkldksa us jktLFkkuh 'kkldksa ij ncko Mkydj 1847 esa t;iqj] 1862 esa dksVk] 1863 esa
mn;iqj jkT; esa Hkh bls xSj dkuwuh ?kksf"kr dj fn;kA
ns’k fgrs"kuh lHkk & ns’kh jktkvksa ds le{k vkfFkZd dfBukb;k¡ mRiUu gksuk 'kq: gks x;h FkhA
lkeUrksa dh vk; ds lk/ku lhfer gks x;s FksA mudh ekyh gkyr [kjkc FkhA blds mijkUr
^^R;kx izFkk^^ ds dkj.k fLFkfr vkSj [kjkc gks xbZ FkhA R;kx izFkk ds rgr nwljs jkT;ksa ls
pkj.k&HkkV] <ksyh vkfn vk /kedrs FksA blls eqfDr ds fy,^^ns’k fgrs"kuh lHkk^^ dk xBu fd;k
x;kA bl lHkk us nks rjg ds izfrcU/k yxk;s
1- jktiwrksa ds fookg ds volj ij [kpZ de fd;k x;kA
2- jktiwr ]oS’;] czkã.kksa esa cgqfookg lEcU/kh fu;e cuk;s x;sA
^R;kx^ dsoy mUgh jktiwrksa }kjk fn;k tkuk r; gqvk ftudh okf"kZd vk; 500 : ls vf/kd FkhA
bl lHkk us dbZ tkfr;ksa ds fgrkFkZ dke fd;kA blfy, bls ^^fgrs"kuh lHkk^^ dgk x;kA
okYVjd`r fgrdkfj.kh lHkk %&
bls okYVjd`r jktiwr fgrdkfj.kh lHkk^^ Hkh dgk x;k A bl LkHkk ds xBu esa izR;sd jkT;
ds 5&5 jktiwr tkfr ds lnL; fy, x;sA ,-th-th- dks bldk v/;{k] vtesj dfe’uj dks
mik/;{k] osruHkksxh deZpkjh dks bldk lfpo cuk;k x;kA
bl lHkk us jktiwrksa ds ,d fuf’pr vk;qlhek rd gh cgqfookg dh vuqKk nhA yM+dh okykas
dh vksj ls Vhdk o yM+ds okyks dh vksj ls jhr Hkstus dh jLe dks lekIr dj fn;kA yM+dh dh
fookg vk;q 14 o"kZ o yM+ds dh vk;q 18 o"kZ fu;r dh xbZA
R;kx fu;e Hkh l[r dj fn;s x;s FksA ;|fi ;s lHkk vlQy jgha fdUrq jktiwrksa dks viuh
lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa ds izfr lkspus dk ,d ekSdk vo’; feyk A vk;Z lekt dk ;ksxnku %& vk;Z
lekt ds laLFkkid Lokeh n;kuUn ljLorh dh deZHkwfe LFkyksa esa jktLFkku dk Hkh viuk
egRoiw.kZ LFkku gSA
vk;Z lekt us oSfnd /keZ ds izpkj ds lkFk dqjhfr;ksa ds fuokj.k dh rjQ Hkh viuk /;ku
dsfUnzr j[kk A tkfr&ikfr dh dV~Vjrk ij mUgksusa egku izgkj fd;sA pkandj.k 'kkjnk us
^^nfyrks m)kj^^ uked iqLrd fy[khA Lokehth us cky fookg] lrhizFkk dk fojks/k fd;kA lkFk gh
fo/kok fookg dk leFkZu fd;kA jktLFkku esa fo/kok fookg ds vusd ekeys ^^vk"kZ ekrZ.M^^
ijksidkjh if=dk esa izdkf’kr gq,A
f’k{kk ds izlkj ds fy, txg 2 ^^vk;Z dU;k ikB’kkyk^^ ^^vk;Ziq=h ikB’kkyk^^ Jherh
^^xksnkojh dU;k ikB’kkyk^^ txg&txg Mh-,-oh- dkWyst [kksydj f’k{kk dk izlkj fd;k x;kA
^ofurk vkJe^ vukFkky; vkfn [kksydj fL=;ksa dh fLFkfr dks lq/kkjus esa egrh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ A
 Describe the development of communication system in Rajasthan?
iz’u 12 jktLFkku esa lapkj O;oLFkk ds fodkl dh foospuk dhft,A

mŸkj lapkj O;oLFkk dk vk/kqfud :i O;kIr gksus ls iwoZ vf/kdka’k jkT;ksa esa Mkd lsok dk dk;Z]
iSny] gjdkjs] ?kqM+lokjksa o Å¡Vks ls fd;k tkrk FkkA
1839 esa tks/kiqj esa igyk fczfV’k Mkd?kj [kksyk x;kA vU; LFkkuksa ij fczfV’k ljdkj us nks
'krsZ j[kh%&
1- jkT; Mkd O;oLFkk ds fy, fu%’kqYd Hkou O;oLFkk djsAa
2- jkT;] Mkd lsok dh lqj{kk dk nkf;Ro ysaA
lkFk gh Mkdi=ksa ij ^lfoZl LVkEi^ yxkus dh vuqefr nh xbZA 1866&67 bZ0 esa t;iqj
jkT; esa 1872 bZ0 esa chdkusj] pq:] jrux<+] lqtkux<+ esa Mkdlsok 'kq: dh xbZ A 1892 esa
dksVk] nsoyh] 1895 bZ0 esa mn;iqj esa rFkk ,dhd`r jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k ds le; ftyk
eq[;ky;] dLcks]a rglhy rd Mkdlsok pkyw gks pqdh FkhA
v/;k;&11
British monopoly on salt and opium trade
ued o vQhe O;kikj ij fczfV’k ,dkf/kdkj

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- fczfV’k
ljdkj pkgrh Fkh fd jktLFkku ds O;kikfjd ekxksZ ls tks ikjxeu O;kikj gksrk Fkk og vc
fczfV’k
{ks=ksa esa gksuk pkfg,] D;ksa fd &
¼v½ ikjxeu O;kikj ij fczfV’k fu;U=.k gks lds A
¼c½ ikjxeu O;kikj dk fu;U=.k dj jktLFkkuh jkT;ksa dh vk; c<+k;h tk ldsA
¼l½ fczfV’k ljdkj dh djksa ls gksus okyh vk; esa o`f) gks ldsA
¼n½ fczfV’k ljdkj jkT;ksa ds ikjxeu O;kikj dks O;ofLFkr dj lds
(l)
2- ued mRikfnr djus okyh og >hy ftl ij t;iqj o tks/kiqj jkT; dk lk>k vf/kdkj Fkk A
¼v½ ipHkznk >hy
¼c½ fiNksyk >hy
¼l½ Qrsglkxj >hy
¼n½ lkaHkj >hy (n)

3- ued m|ksx ls jktLFkku ds cutkjksa dks Hkh jkstxkj feyrk Fkk D;ksa fd &
¼v½ os gh ued dk Ø; foØ; djrs FksA
¼c½ os ued dks b/kj ls m/kj igq¡pkus dk dk;Z djrs FksaA
¼l½ os gh ued ds eq[; O;kikjh FksA
¼n½ os ued ij ikjxeu 'kqYd olwy djrs Fks A (v)

4- jktLFkkuh jkT;ksa ls ued&lfU/k;ka djus dk eq[; ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd %&

¼v½ jkT; esa ued cgqr lLrk gks x;k A
¼c½ ued mRiknu dsUnzksa dks jsyekxksZ ls tksM+ fn;k ftlls cutkjk lewg ds thou
fuokZg dk eq[; lk/ku lekIr gks x;kA
¼l½ ued m|ksx esa cutkjksa dks jkstxkj fey x;kA
¼n½ ued m|ksx ls fczfV’k ljdkj dks dksbZ ykHk ugha gqvk A (c)
5- jktLFkku esa vQhe dh [ksrh eq[;r% gksrh Fkh &
¼v½ nf{k.kh &if’peh jktLFkku esAa
¼c½ nf{k.kh &iwohZ jktLFkku esaA
¼l½ mRRkj &iwohZ jktLFkku esaA
¼n½ mŸkj &if’peh jktLFkku esa A (c)
6- O;kolkf;d {ks= esa ^^ekyok vQhe^^ dgk tkrk Fkk &
¼v½ ekyok esa rS;kj dh tkus okyh vQhe dks
¼c½ gkM+kSrh esa rS;kj dh tkus okyh vQhe dks
¼l½ <a<w kM+ esa mRiUu dh tkus okyh vQhe dks
¼n½ jktLFkku o e/; Hkkjr esa rS;kj dh tkus okyh vQhe dks (n)

7- vaxzstkas }kjk vQhe O;kikj dks fu;fU=r djus dk eq[; ifj.kke ;g fudyk fd &
¼v½ fdlkuksa us vQhe dh [ksrh cUn dj nh A
¼c½ O;kikjh fdlkuksa dks mudh mit dk dHkh mfpr ewY; ugha nsrk FkkA
¼l½ vQhe ds LFkku ij vukt dh [ksrh vf/kd gksus yxh A
¼n½ vukt dh [ksrh vf/kd gksus ls eosf’k;ksa dks Hkh pkjk feyus yxk (c)

y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u&

What amount of compensation was paid to use ruler of Jodhpur after the conclusion salt
treaty?
iz’u 8 tks/kiqj jkT; ls dh xbZ ued lfU/k esa vaxzstksa us jkT; dks fdruk eqvkotk fn;k\

mŸkj tks/kiqj dks ued lfU/k ds vuqlkj 30]00]000@& :0 eqvkots ds :Ik esa fn;sA

What was the effect on the Rajput states as a result of salt treaty?
iz’u 9 jkTkiwr jkT;ksa ls dh xbZ ued lfU/k;ksa dk jkT;ksa ij D;k izHkko IkM+k \

mŸkj ued fczfV’k ,dkf/kdkj esa vk x;kA jktLFkku dh turk ds fy, Hkh lk/kkj.k miHkksx dh oLrq ued
Hkh cgqr eagxk gks x;k A ued {ks=ksa dks jsy ekxksZ ls tksM+ fn;k &blls cutkjk lewg o etnwjksa
dh jksth&jksVh fNu xbZA 'kksjs ds mRiknu ij izfrcU/k yxkus ls ued ds lkFk lwrh dIkM+s] Åu dh
jaxkbZ o peM+s ds m|ksx Hkh u"V gks x;sA

Why East India Company applied the opium trade rule and what was the main purpose
behind it?
iz’u 10 bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh ds fy, vQhe O;kikj uhfr dk eq[; mÌs’; D;k Fkk \
mŸkj izkjEHk esa dEiuh dh bl uhfr dk mÌs’; vQhe dh [ksrh dks lhfer djds mldh vf/kd mit dks
jksduk rFkk fu;af=r lkekU; vQhe dh ek=k dks [kjhnuk rkfd phu ds cktkj esa caxky dh vQhe
fcdrh jgsA dsoy vaxsztks }kjk Hksth gq;h vQhe fcdrh jgs ckdh lc ij izfrcU/k yx tk, A
fucU/kkRed iz’u &

What happened when the British started controlling the opium trade? Give a critical
reasoning?
iz’u 11 vaxzstkas }kjk vQhe O;kikj dks fu;fU=r djus ds D;k ifj.kke fudys \ vkykspukRed foospuk
dhft, \

mRRkj vQhe ,tsVa ks us lkjh vQhe [kjhnuk 'kq: dj fn;k ifj.kkeLo:Ik [ksrh vf/kd ek=k esa gksus yxh A
O;kikjh vf/kd ls vf/kd vQhe [kjhn dj O;kikj djus yxs A phu vQhe dk LFkkbZ cktkj FkkA
ogk¡ bruh vf/kd vQhe bdV~Bh gks x;h fd vQhe dh dherksa esa fxjkoV vk xbZA QyLo:Ik
vaxzstksa dks Hkkjh ?kkVk mBkuk iM+k A
vQhe fu;U=.k & vaxzstksa us 'kq: esa vQhe iSnk u djus gsrq vkSj lhfer [ksrh gsrq jktkvksa ls
le>kSrk dj fy;k A ysfdu cktkj fu;fU=r gksrs gh Loa; dks uqdlku gksus ds dkj.k vQhe
lfU/k;ksa dks lekIr dj fn;k] rFkk vU; rjhds ls vQhe equkQk dekus dh ;kstuk cukbZ A
vQhe cspus ds fy, vkKk i= o ykblsUl nsuk 'kq: fd;k A vQhe dh [ksrh o O;kikj ls izfrcU/k
gVk fn;s x;s A vQhe dh ,d isVh ij 175 :0 ikjxeu VSDl yxkuk 'kq: fd;k A/khjs&/khjs 200
izfr isVh ikjxeu jkf’k olwyus yxsA
fczfV’k ljdkj dh vk; dk lk/ku & vQhe fczfV’k ljdkj dh vk; dk vPNk lzkrs cu x;k A
1989&90 esa ikjxeu dj ls ljdkj dks 1]86]825@& :0 dh vk; gqbZA ;s ljdkjh vk; dk
egRoiw.kZ lzksr cu x;k A
phu dk joS;k %& phu us igys vius ;gka vQhe dh [ksrh dh euk dj nh rks Hkkjrh; cktkjksa ls
vQhe dh rLdjh gksus yxh A Hkkjrh; d`"kd vukt dh [ksrh dks NksM+dj vf/kd ek=k esa vQhe dh
[ksrh djus yxs ] ekSleh vukt iSnk djuk de gks x;k A eosf’k;ksa dk pkjk Hkh de gks x;k A
ysfdu phu dks ;s ckr le> esa vk xbZ mlus Loa; ds ns’k esa vQhe dh [ksrh dh Lohd`fr ns nh
rFkk vQhe ij vk;kr dj Hkh yxk fn;k A
nknk HkkbZ ukSjksth dk iz;kl% & mUgksusa 1880 bZ0 esa Hkkjr lfpo dks fy[kk fd baxyS.M esa ljdkj us
vQhe mRiknu ij tgj dk ysfcy yxkus ds vkns’k ns j[ks gSA ogh ;gka dh turk dks vQhe dh
[ksrh ds ek/;e ls vaxzst Hkz"V o pfj= ghu cuk jgs gSA
fczfV’k ljdkj us 1893 esa jkW;y deh’ku dh fu;qfDr dh %& fczfV’k uqekbUnksa us >wBs xokg vkSj
jktkvksa dks fl[kk&cq>kdj ,slh rLohj izLrqr dh A fjiksVZ esa vQhe dh [ksrh dks de [kpZ o
vf/kd ykHk okyh [ksrh crk;k A blls dksbZ Bksl fu.kZ; ugha fudy ldkA
gekjs jtokM+ksa ds ’kkld vaxsztkas ds bl dnj xqyke gks x;s Fks fd viuh turk dh HkykbZ dh ckr
rd Hkh ugha lksp ldsA
v/;k;&12
1857 Mutiny in Rajasthan
jktLFkku esa 1857 bZ0 dk foIyo

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- 1857 dh ØkfUr esa jktLFkku ds izeq[k uk;d jgsA

¼v½ [kq’kgky flag
¼c½ rkR;ak Vksis
¼l½ dqaoj flag
¼n½ ukuk lkfgc
(v)
2- Bkdqj [kq’kgky flag us ØkfUr dh 'kq:vkr fdl LFkku ls dh \
¼v½ fuEckgsM+k
¼c½ vkgqok
¼l½ ulhjkckn
¼n½ dksVk (c)
3- ulhjkckn Nkouh esa fonzkgs dc 'kq: gqvk &
¼v½ 20 tuojh 1888
¼c½ 14 ebZ 1857
¼l½ 28 ebZ 1857
¼n½ 20 twu 1857
(l)
4- t;iqj esa dIrku CySd dh gR;k dk dkj.k crk;k tkrk gS &
¼v½ dIrku us deZpkfj;ksa dks tsy esa Bal
w fn;k
¼c½ dIrku CYkSd dk Hkz"Vkpkjh gksuk A
¼l½ t;iqj jkT; iz’kklu esa vaxzstks dk c<+rk gqvk gLr{ksi
¼n½ CySd dh ukfnj’kkgh (l)
5- tks/kiqj ds egkjktk r[rflag ls mlds vusd lkeUr ukjkt Fks] D;ksa fd&
¼v½ r[r flag us ekjokM+ ds yksxksa dh mis{kk dj xqtjkfr;ksa dks maps in fn;sA
¼c½ lkeUrksa dks tsy esa Bwl
a fn;kA
¼l½ lkeUrksa dh U;k;ksfpr ekaxs ugh ekuh A
¼n½ lkeUrksa dh gR;k djokbZ (v)
6- dksVk esa dkSulk vaxzst vf/kdkjh Fkk tks ØkfUrdkfj;ksa }kjk ekj Mkyk x;k \
¼v½ ykjsUl
¼c½ fLeFk
¼l½ gsujh
¼n½ estj cVZu
(n)
7- fdlus vaxzst vf/kdkjh 'kkolZ dks 'kkgiqjk iagqpus ij dksbZ lgk;rk ugha nh &
¼v½ [kq’kky flag us
¼c½ 'kkgiqjk ds 'kkld us
¼l½ cusM+k 'kkld us
¼n½ dsljh flag us
(n)

8- jktLFkku esa foIyo ds le; ;gka dk ,-th-th- Fkk &

¼v½ dIrku <ysd
¼c½ gsujh ykjsUl
¼l½ tkWtZ iSfVªd ykWjsUl
¼n½ dIrku 'kkolZ
(l½
9- ekjokM+ ds ftl izfl) dfo us 'kkldksa dh fczfV’k 'kfDr dks f/kDdkjk Fkk og Fkk&
¼v½ lw;Zey feJ.k
¼c½ PkUnzHkku
¼l½ ';keynkl
¼n½ ckadhnkl
(c½
y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u &
From where did the 1857 mutiny begin in Rajasthan?
iz’u 10 jktLFkku esa 1857 dh ØkfUr dk lw=ikr dgka ls gqvk \

mŸkj & jktLFkku esa 1857 dh ØkfUr dk lw=ikr ulhjkckn ls izkjEHk gqvk A ogkW ds lSfud cxkor
ds fy, mRlqd FksA

How many contonemants were there in Rajasthan before the 1857 mutiny?
iz’u 11 1857 ds foIyo ls iwoZ jktiwrkuk esa fdruh Nkofu;k¡ Fkha &

mŸkj & jktiwrkuk esa 6 fczfV’k lSfud Nkofu;k¡ FkhaA vtesj ls 10 fd-eh nwjh ij ulhjkckn Nkouh]
ulhjkckn ls 120 ehy dh nwjh ij uhep Nkouh] ulhjkckn ls 60 fd-eh- nwjh ij nsoyh
Nkouh] vtesj ls 100 fd-eh- nwj ,fjuiqjk Nkouh] mn;iqj ls 50 ehy nwj [kSjokM+k Nkouh]
vtesj ls 35 fd-eh- nwj C;koj Nkouh fLFkr FkhA
 What was the immediate cause of 1857 sepoy mutiny?
iz’u 12 1857 dh ØkfUr dk rkRdkfyd dkj.k D;k Fkk \

mŸkj & jkbQy esa ,d fo’ks"k izdkj dk dkjrwl iz;ksx djuk gksrk FkkA jkbQy esa Mkyus ls iwoZ
bldh Vksih dks eqa¡g ls dkVuk iM+rk FkkA bldks fpduk djus ds fy, xk; o lwvj dh
pchZ dke esa yh tkrh FkhA
26 Qjojh 1857 dks cjgkeiqjk Nkouh ds lSfudksa us bu dkjrwlksa dks iz;ksx djus ls budkj
dj fn;kA ml lSfud VqdM+h dks Hkax dj fn;k x;k A vU; VqdfM+;ksa esa vlUrks"k QSy
x;kA cSjdiqj Nkouh ds eaxy ik.Ms us fczfV’k vf/kdkfj;ksa ij xksyh pyk nhA ,d vf/kdkjh
ekjk x;kA eaxy ik.Ms dks ekSr dh ltk nh xbZ] ;gh ØkfUr dk rkRdkfyd dkj.k jgk A

What was the chief cause of mutiny of Nasirabad?

iz’u 13 ulhjkckn esa ØkfUr dh 'kq:vkr dk eq[; dkj.k D;k Fkk \

mŸkj & vaxzst vf/kdkfj;ksa us lSfud dsUnz dh j{kk ds fy, Nkouh esa QLVZ ykallZ ds lSfudksa ls
ftUgsa oQknkj le>k tkrk Fkk& mulsa ck:n] xksys Hkjh gqbZ rksiks ds igjk fnyokuk 'kq:
fd;kA ulhjkckn Nkouh ds lSfudksa us le>k ;s ck:n o rksisa lSfudksa dks dqpyus ds fy,
gSA vr% blls muesa fonzkgs dh Hkkouk tkxzr gks xbZA m/kj cSjdiqj o cqjgkuiqj dh ?kVuk
us mUgsa izsfjr fd;k tks ØkfUr dk dkj.k cuhA

How did 1857 mutiny take place in Jodhpur?

iz’u 14 tks/kiqj esa 1857 dh ØkfUr dk lw=ikr dSls gqvk\

mŸkj & r[r flag us lkeUrksa ls ^js[k^] ^pkdjh^] gqDeukesa dh jkf’k] utjkuk T;knk ls T;knk ekaxuk
'kq: dj fn;kA lkeUrksa us nsus ls bUdkj fd;k rks r[r flag us lkeUrksa dh mis{kk dj
xqtjkr ds yksxksa dks Åaps &Åaps in ns fn,A vr% lkeUr ukjkt FksA mlh le; tks/kiqj
yhtu dh lSfud VqdM+h tks vkcw xbZ Fkh us fonzkgs dj fn;kA ukjkt lkeUr o vkÅok ds
Bkdqj dq’kky flag dks fonzksfg;ksa dk lg;ksx feyk D;ksa fd os lHkh r[rflag o vaxzstksa ls
ukjkt Fks] blfy, os Hkh fonzksg esa 'kkfey gks x;sA

What was the chief cause of mutiny in Kota(1857) ?

iz’u 15 dksVk esa 1857 dh ØkfUr dk izeq[k dkj.k D;k jgk \

mŸkj dksVk ds estj cVZu us dksVk egkjko dks muds v/khu t;n;ky] jruyky o ft;kyky dks
mÌ.Mh djkj nsrs gq, mUgsa lkSius ds fy, dgk] egkjko ds ,slk u djus ij cVZu us Åij
ds vf/kdkfj;ksa dks fy[kk fd yxrk gS egkjko Hkh ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ls feyk gqvk gSA blls
lSfud Øksf/kr gks x;s vkSj mUgksus estj cVZu ls cnyk ysus dk fu’p; dj ØkfUr vkjEHk
dj nhA
fucU/kkRed iz’u &

Mention the role of Thakur Kushal singh in the mutiny of 1857.

iz’u 16 1857 dh ØkfUr esa vkmok ds Bkdqj dq’kky flag dh Hkwfedk crkb;sA

mŸkj ulhjkckn esa gq, foIyo dh lwpuk feyrs gh tks/kiqj lsuk dh tks VqdM+h vH;kl ds fy,
tks/kiqj ls vkcw xbZ gqbZ Fkh ml lSfud VqdM+h us fonzkgs dk >.Mk [kM+k dj fn;k mUgsa ogk¡
fo’ks"k lQyrk ugha feyh A ;gk¡ ls tks/kiqj dh ;s lSfud VqdM+h ,fjuiqjk igqWph tgk¡
tks/kiqj ds lHkh lSfud fonzkfg;ksa ls fey x;s A vkSj os ,fjuiqjk ywVdj ikyh dh vkSj c<+As
vkÅok Bkdqj dq’kky flag us bu lSfud fonzkfs g;ksa dks viuh lsok esa ys fy;k A tks/kiqj
&fczfV’k jsthMsUV o tks/kiqj jkT; dh dq'kky flag ls igys ls gh ukjktxh Fkh A tks/kiqj
dh lSfud VqdM+h dks Hkh Bkdqj dq'kky flag vkÅok ys x;kA
vklksik ds Bkdqj f’ko flag] xwyj ds Bkdqj fc’ku flag vkyf.k;k okl ds Bkdqj vthrflag
rFkk :iuxj] lywEcj] Yglk.kh ds lkeUr Hkh dq’kky flag dh lgk;rk ds fy, vkÅok
igq¡p x;sA bl ij tks/kiqj egkjktk r[rflag us fl?kaoh dq’kyjkt ds usr`Ro esa ,d QkSt
vkÅok dh vkSj HksthA 12oha jsthMsUV dk vaxzst vf/kdkjh ghFkdksV Hkh bl lsuk esa lfEefyr
FkkA
vkÅok ls 3 fd0eh0 fcBksM+k esa ghFkdksV ijkftr gqvk A rRi'pkr~ ,-th-th- ykjsUl ,d
lsuk ysdj vkÅok igqapkA mls Hkh viekutud ijkt; ns[kuh iM+h] la?k"kZ ds e/; tks/kiqj
dk fczfV’k ikWfyfVdy ,tsUV dIrku ekWdeslu dqN lSfudksa ds lkFk ogka vk;kA
foIyodkfj;ksa us ekWdeslu dh gR;k dj fdys ds njokts ds lkeus mYVk yVdk fn;kA
ysfdu blds ckn tks/kiqj ds foIyodkjh lSfud dq’kky flag dks NksM+dj ihikM+ ukjukSy
gksrs gq, pys x;sA
xwyj ds Bkdqj] vkyf.k;kokl ds Bkdqj] vklksik ds Bkdqj foIyodkfj;ksa ds lkFk x;s fdUrq
vklksi ij jktdh; QkStks ds vkØe.k dh lwpuk feyrs gh Bkdqj f’koukFk flag vklksi ykSV
x;sA vklksik ds Bkdqj us jktdh; QkStks ds lkeus leiZ.k dj fn;kA mUgsa tks/kiqj dh tsy
esa Mky fn;k x;kA xqyj] vkyf.k;k vklksi dh tkxhj dks tCr dj fy;k x;kA esokM+ ds
nsox<+ es Bkdqj dq’kky flga us 'kj.k yhA esokM+ ds nsox<+ ds jkor j.kthr flag us Bkdqj
dq’kky flag dks fczfV’k vf/kdkfj;ksa dks lkSi fn;kA vkÅok dh ijkt; dk cnyk ysus ds
fy, ykMZ tkWTkZ ykjsUl us Mhlk vkSj ulhjkckn ds yxHkx 1800 lSfudksa dks fcxzsfM;j gksEl
ds usr`Ro esa vkÅok dh vksj Hksth & ftldk usr`Ro tks’kh galjkt dj jgk FkkA dq’kky flag
Hkh fczfV’k fu;=a.k ls cpdj vkÅok igqapk& vkÅok o Mhlk o ulhjkckn ds lSfudksa ds
e/; ?keklku ;q) gqvk A ;q) esa thr dh vk’kk u gksus ij Bkdqj dq’kky flag vius NksVs
HkkbZ ykfEc;k Bkdqj dks] fdys dk Hkkj lkSaidj jkr dks cp fudyk o esokM+ ls lywEcj dh
vksj pyk x;kA
vaxzstkas us vkÅok fdysnkj dks fj’or nsdj fdys dk njoktk [kqyok fy;kA vkÅok ds
efUnj dh ewfrZ;ksa dks /oLr fd;k] ck:n o rksiksa ls fdys dks /oLr fd;kA vkÅok fuokfl;ksa
ij fueZe vR;kpkj fd;sA
 Write the causes of 1857 mutiny?
iz’u 17 1857 ds foIyo ds ifj.kkeksa dh foospuk dhft, A

mŸkj eqxy ckn’kkg cgknqj’kkg dks nf.Mr fd;k x;k& ckn’kkg] csxe thur egy vkSj mlds
iq= dks cUnh cukdj jaxwu Hkst fn;k x;kA
y[kuÅ ij vf/kdkj & ekPkZ 1858 esa vaxzstksa us y[kuÅ ij vf/kdkj dj fy;kA vaxzsth
lsuk vuq’kkflr o vuqHkoh FkhA
rkR;k Vksis dk la?k"kZ &rkR;k Vksis us Lak?k"kZ tkjh j[kk] mls idM+dj Qkalh yxk nh xbZA
vaxsztksa ds fo:) O;kid jks"k & lEiw.kZ jktLFkku es vaxzstks ds f[kykQ O;kid jks"k Fkk
ysfdu ulhjkckn esa turk us foIyodkfj;ksa dk lkFk nsj ls fn;kA
ns’kh jktkvksa dh vnwjnf’kZrk & ns’kh jktk voljoknh o LokFkhZ Fks A os Hkkjrh; lSfud o
foIyodkfj;ksa ds fo:) jgs A mUgsa lkeUrksa dk Hk; vf/kd FkkA lkeUr Hkh 'kkldksa }kjk
olwy fd;s tkus okys vusdksa dj olwyh ls ijs’kku FksA fczfV’k lRrk ds izfr Hkh mudh
oQknkjh vfuf’pr gh jgh A tks/kiqj egkjktk uss foIyo nckus ds fy, vaxzstksa dk lkFk
fn;kA
mn;iqj egkjk.kk dh Hkwfedk & dqN jktiwr 'kkldksa o Bkdqjksa us mn;iqj egkjk.kk ls lEidZ
fd;k mUgksuas foIyodkfj;ksa dh enn ds ctk; mu 'kkldksa ds lkjs i= vaxszt vf/kdkfj;ksa
dks lkSi fn,A ftlesa mUgksusa lgk;rk dh ekax dh FkhA
cw<s+ ckn’kkg cgknqj’kkg dk detksj usr`Ro & foIyodkjh cgknqj’kkg dks ØkfUr dk usr`Ro
lkSaius ckn lgk;rk Hkh djuk pkgrs Fks fdUrq cgknqj’kkg foIyodkfj;ksa ds ukjukSy igWqps ls
igys gh vaxzsth lsukvksa ls gkj x;kA
foIyodkfj;ksa esa j.kdkS’ky dk vHkko %& vaxzstksa ds ikl ck:n] vk/kqfud gfFk;kj o rksisa Fkha
mudh lsuk vuq’kkflr Fkh rFkk ns’kh cM+s jktk vaxzstksa dk lkFk ns jgs Fks 'ks"k cM+s o NksVs
lkeUr vaxzstksa ls ekspkZ ys jgs Fks os ohj rks Fks ysfdu muds ikl ;q) lkexzh] vuq’kklu o
j.k dkS’ky dk vHkko FkkA ;|fi muesa R;kx o cfynku dh Hkkouk rks Fkh ysfdu mldk
lkFkZd Qy mUgsa ugha fey ik;kA
lkeUr oxZ vkSj foIyo %& fczfV’k lRrk dk [kqys :i esa fojks/k djus okyk RkRo lkeUr oxZ
Fkk] mUgsa 'kkld oxZ dks udn :i;k nsus dks foo’k fd;k tkrk FkkA vaxsztksa us lkeUrksa ds
U;kf;d vf/kdkjksa dks lhfer dj fn;k A tcfd cM+s ns’kh jktkvksa o vaxzstksa ds fy,
cyo/kZd lkfcr gq,A ;s ckr Li"V :i ls lkeus vk xbZA 1857 dh ØkfUr lSfudksa o
lkeUrksa dk feyk&tqyk foIyo FkkA
dEIkuh ds 'kklu dk vUr %& fczfV’k ljdkj us dEiuh ds 'kklu dks lekIr dj ns’kh
jkT;ksa ds ’kklu dks fczfV’k ljdkj us lh/ks vius fu;=a.k esa ys fy;kA
1858 esa lq/kkj ,DV ykxw fd;k x;k rFkk fczVsu fLFkr vaxzsth ljdkj us fdlh Hkh ns’kh
jkT; dks vaxzsth jkT; esa u feykus dk vk’oklu fn;kA
jktLFkku ds Hkkoh ujs’k vkSj ljnkjksa dks fo|kcqf) rdZ] f’k{kk] jgu&lgu rFkk
vkpkj&fopkj ls vaxzst cukus dk iz;kl fd;k x;kA
u;s vaxzsth dk;ns&dkuwuksa us lsB&lkgwdkjksa dks tkxhjnkjksa ds izHkko ls eqDRk gksus esa
lgk;rk nh A
 tkxhjnkj o lkeUrksa ds fy, lsuk j[kuk eqf’dy gks tkus ds dkj.k lSfud nLrs Hkax djus
iM+sA
foIyo dky esa vaxzstks dks lsuk,a ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij ys tkus esa dkQh ijs’kkfu;ksa
dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA
vr% t;iqj] vtesj ls uhep] Mhlk 'kgj o Nkofu;ksa dks tksM+us okyh lM+dksa ds fuekZ.k dk
dk;Z 'kq: gqvk A tks 1875 esa iwjk gqvkA
e/;e oxZ dk mn; & foIyo ds ckn jktLFkku ds lkekftd <akps es ifjorZu vk;k &
vk/kqfud f’k{kk ds izlkj ls ^u;s e/;e oxZ^ dk vH;qn; gqvk& rFkk czkã.k o jktiwrksa dk
egRo de gks x;kA

Write a brief outline of 1857 mutiny in Rajasthan?

iz’u 18 jktLFkku esa 1857 bZ0 ds foIyo ds Lo:i dh leh{kk dhft, A

mŸkj foIyo ds Lo:i ij fo}ku ,d er ugha gSA vf/kdk’ka vaxzsth bfrgkldkjksa o ys[kdksa us bls
lSfud fonzksg dgk gSA ftlesa dqN lkeUr vkSj tkxhjnkj Hkh tqM+ x;s FksA
bfrgkldkj esyhlu us fy[kk gS fd ftu tkxhjnkjksa us foIyo esa Hkkx fy;kA mudk >xM+k
muds 'kkldksa ls Fkk& fczfV’k ljdkj ls mudk dksbZ ysuk &nsuk ugh FkkA ysfdu ;s dFku
lexz :i ls Lohdkj ugh fd;k tk ldrk gSA D;ksfa d jktkvksa ls VSDl fdlh u fdlh :i
esa fczfV’k jsthMsUV bdV~Bk dj fy;k djrs FksA tks/kiqj ds ftu lkeUrksa us foIyo esa Hkkx
fy;k os tks/kiqj ujs’k r[r flag ls cgqr ukjkt FksA
v/;k;&13
Peasant and Tribal movement in Rajasthan
jktLFkku esa d`"kd ,oa tutkfr vkUnksyu

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- tks Hkwfe lh/ks 'kkld ds fu;a=.k esa gksrh Fkh og dgykrh FkhA
¼v½ tkxhj
¼c½ catj
¼l½ [kkylk
¼n½ iho.k
(l)
2- fdlkuksa ls tks Hkwfe dj udn jde ds :i esa fy;k tkrk Fkk mls dgrs Fks &
¼v½ yxku
¼c½ fcxksMh
¼l½ Hkkse
¼n½ eqnzk
(c)
3- fdlkuksa dk lokZf/kd 'kks"k.k djus okys Fks &
¼v½ jktk
¼c½ lkeUr
¼l½ egktu
¼n½ O;kikjh
(c)
4- fctkSfy;k ds fdlku vkUnksyu dh :ijs[kk r; djus ds fy, loZizFke fdlku ,d LFkku ij
,df=r gq, og LFkku Fkk &
¼v½ xksfoUniqjk
¼c½ fxj/kkjhiqjk
¼l½ eqjyhiqjk
¼n½ Åijeky (c)

5- 1920 esa fot;flag ifFkd us o/kkZ esa ftl laLFkk dh LFkkiuk dh og Fkh&
¼v½ fo’o izpkfj.kh lHkk
¼c½ izrki fdlku lHkk
¼l½ ØkfUrdkjh tu LkHkk
¼n½ jktLFkku lsok la?k
(n)
 6- jktLFkku esa tkxhjnkjh izFkk ds fo:) ftl fdlku vkUnksyu us tuer rS;kj fd;k Fkk og Fkk &
¼v½ lhdj dk fdlku vkUnksyu
¼c½ fctkSfy;k fdlku vkUnksyu
¼l½ 'ks[kkoVh fdlku vkUnksyu
¼n½ Mkcyk fdlku vkUnksyu
(c)
7- xksfoUnxq: us Hkhyksa dks laxfBr djus ds fy, ftl laLFkk dh LFkkiuk dh og Fkh
¼v½ Hkhy fgrdkfj.kh lHkk
¼c½ Hkhy leqnk; la?k
¼l½ lEi lHkk
¼n½ Hkxr iaFk
(c)
8- jktLFkku esa lcls igys gksus okyk d`"kd vkUnksyu dkSulk Fkk \
¼v½ fctkSfy;k d`"kd vkUnksyu
¼c½ ekjokM+ d`"kd vkUnksyu
¼l½ vyoj d`"kd vkUnksyu
¼n½ csj d`"kd vkUnksyu
(v)
9- og fdlku vkUnksyu ftldh xwat baxyS.M ds gkml vkWQ dkWeUl esa lqukbZ nh og Fkk
¼v½ csxw dk fdlku vkUnksyu
¼c½ csxw fdlku vkUnksyu
¼l½ vyoj fdlku vkUnksyu
¼n½ lhdj fdlku vkUnksyu
(n)
10- ekux<+ gR;kdk.M fdlls lEcfU/kr gS&
¼v½ xksiky flag
¼c½ ekaxhyky
¼l½ jkeukjk;.k pkS/kjh
¼n½ xq: xksfoUn
(n)
y?kqÙkjkRed iz'u&

What do you mean by Akki Movement?

11- ,Ddh vkUnksyu D;k Fkk \

mŸkj ,Ddh vkUnksyu ds iz.ksrk eksrhyky rstkor Fks A eksrhyky rstkor us Hkhyks dks yxku o csxkj nsus
ds fy, euk fd;kA ;s vkUnksyu esokM+ {ks= ds tokl ds ckn dksfy;kjh] >kM+kSy vkSj HkknM+h iV~Vks a
esa Hkh QSy x;kA 19 vxLr 1921 bZ0 dks >kM+kSy ds eksrhyky rstkor dks fxj¶rkj dj fy;kA
fdUrq fofHkUu {ks= ds yxHkx 7000 Hkhyksa us mls NqM+ok fy;kA
 What reforms among Bhils were made & by whom ?
12- Hkhyksa esa lekt lq/kkj ds fy, fdlus vkSj D;k iz;Ru fd;s \

mŸkj jktLFkku ds nf{k.k dk {ks= HkksHkV dgykrk gSA Hkhy eq[;r;k% esokM+] Mwaxjiqj] ckalokM+k] izrkix<+]
dq’kyx<+ vkfn fj;klrksa esa jgrs FksA vkfFkZd n`f"V ls ;s cgqr gh fiNM+k oxZ gSA vkSj buds vkfFkZd
lalk/ku Hkh cgqr de gSA 19oha 'krkCnh esa buesa dqjhfr;k¡ lekIr gksuk 'kq: gqvk A Hkhykas esa lq=hZ
Hkxr vkSj xksfoUn xq: uked lekt lq/kkjd gq,A xksfoUn xq: us ckfl;k xzke esa ^/kquh vkSj fu’kku^
LFkkfir fd;k vkSj Hkhyks dks vk/;kfRed f’k{kk nsuh izkjEHk dhA Hkhyks dks fgUnq /keZ ds nk;js esa j[kus
ds fy, ^Hkxr iaFk^ dh LFkkiuk dhA xq: us /kkfeZd gh ugha jktuSfrd o vkfFkZd tkx`fr Hkh iSnk
dhA D;ksa fd ns’kh jktk rks vaxzst ds xqyke gks x;s Fks vkSj os bl vksj /;ku ugh ns ik jgs Fks A

What was the profession of Bhills in the begining?

13- izkjEHk esa Hkhyksa dk is’kk D;k Fkk \

mŸkj izd`fr ls Hkhy ,d LorU= o ;q)fiz; tkfr gSA izkjEHk esa ;s rhj] deku cukrs FksA taxyh tkuojksa
dk f’kdkj djuk] xksan bdB~Bk djuk] eNyh idM+uk] Qy&’kgn] tM+h&cqfV;k¡ bdB~Bk djuk
budk is’kk Fkk A ckn esa ;s taxy tykdj [ksrh djus yxs FksA jktiwr bUgsa ewy :i ls ;gha dk
fuoklh ekurs gaSA HkksHkj ds Hkhyksa us egkjk.kk dks vfoLej.kh; lsok,a nhA ;gh dkj.k Fkk fd esokM+
ds ^^ jkT;fpUg esa jktiwr ds lkFk /kuq/kkZjh Hkhy dk fp= Hkh gSA

What did Motilal Tejawat do for Bhil Movement ?

14- eksrhyky rstkor us Hkhy vkUnksyu ds fy, D;k fd;k \

mŸkj esokM+ ds egkjk.kk us [kkylk {ks= ds Hkhyksa dh vk; ds lzkrs ks dks de djuk 'kq: dj fn;kA 1917 esa
Hkhy o xjkfl;ksa us feydj egkjk.kk dks ,d fojks/k i= fn;k vkSj vR;f/kd ykxr] csxkj] dkenkjks
ds 'kks"k.k ds fo:) f’kdk;r dh Fkh] eksrhyky rstkor us [kkylk {ks= ds Hkhyks dks >kM+kSy]
dksfy;kjh] exjk {ks= o HkknM+h tkxhj ds Hkhyksa dks yxku nsus ls bUdkj djus dk dgkA tqykbZ
1921 bZ0 ds izFke lIrkg esa egkjk.kk us Hkh [kkylk {ks= ds Hkhyksa dks dqN lqfo/kk,a iznku dh
blfy, [kkylk tehuh {ks= esa vkUnksyu ugha gqvkA 19 vxLr 1921 dks >kM+kSy ds tkxhjnkj us
eksrhyky rstkor dks fxj¶rkj dj fy;kA fdUrq fofHkUu {ks= ds 7000 Hkhyksa us mls NqM+ok fy;kA
eksrhyky rstkor ds usr`Ro esa ;g vkUnksyu fljksgh o xqtjkr ds Hkhyksa esa Hkh QSy x;kA rstkor
dks 20 o"kZ dh l[r dSn nh xbZ A jktnzksg dk vkjksi Hkh yxk;k x;k] ckn esa ;s ltk 10 o"kZ dj
nh xbZ A mUgksusa fdlkuksa esa tkx`fr iSnk dhA

fucU/kkRed iz’u &

Write the causes behind the farmer movement in Rajasthan ?

15- jktLFkku esa fdlku vkUnksyu ds D;k dkj.k Fks \

mŸkj ;q) dky esa] ;q)ksijkUr Hkh fodkl dk;ksZ gsrq jkT;dj dks pqdkus ds fy, fdlkuksa ls ykxrsa olwy
dh tkrh FkhA
fdlkuks ls yh tkus okyh csxkj %& ukbZ] /kksch] dqEgkj] [kkrh o yqgkj vkfn dks fdlku o"kZ esa
fuf’pr vukt nsrk Fkk vkSj os o"kZ Hkj mudh lsok djrs Fks A tkxhj o [kkylk {ks= esa bUgsa
dqN tehu ns nh tkrh Fkh fQj mlij dksbZ yxku Hkh ugha fy;k tkrk Fkk ysfdu dkykUrj esa
yxku Hkh fy;k tkus yxk vkSj csxkj Hkh yh tkus yxh A
blls fdlkuks es jks"k QSyk o blds f[kykQ fdlku vkUnksyu gq,A fdysnkj] ukbZ] <ksyh pekj]
esgrj ^^jk[kh dh -ykx^^] ^^uojk=k iwtk dk ?kh^^ vkfn ds uke ij fdlkuksa ls cgqr dqN olwyk
tkrk FkkA
fdlkuksa dh fLFkfr esa ifjoRkZu %& vukt o lkeku ds LFkku ij vc fdlkuksa ls jksdM+ fy;k
tkus yxkA ckn esa fdlkuksa dh T;knk t:jr u jgus ls jS¸;r o fdlkuksa ds e/; vkUnksyu dks
tUe feyk A
ik’pkR;dj.k dh va/kh nkSM+ esa 'kkfey foyklh gq, jktk o lkeUr foyklh gks x;sA 'kjkc]
[kkuiku] vk/kqfud os’kHkw"kk dk izpyu c<+ x;kA jktk o lkeUrksa us vius egyksa dks Hkh if’peh
'kSyh ds cuokuk 'kq: dj fn;kA
viuh vko’;drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, fdlkuksa ij fur u;s dj jktk o lkeUrksa }kjk yxk;s
tkus yxs A fdlkuksa ds fur u;s 'kks"k.k ls fdlku rax gks x;s tks vkUnksyu dk dkj.k cukA
vekuoh; O;ogkj %& fdlkuksa dk vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k rks fd;k gh tkrk Fkk ysfdu blh ds lkFk
fdlkuksa dks ihVuk] vHknz O;ogkj vke ckr FkhA
mnkgj.kkFkZ & t;iqj jkT; esa 'ks[kkokVh ds Bkdqj us tc ubZ eksVj dkj [kjhnh rks ^^eksVjykx^^
uke ls fdlkuksa ls iSlk olwykA 30 izdkj dh ykxr rks igys ls gh FkhA bl ij vkSj dj yxus
ls fdlkuksa dk ukjkt gksuk okftc FkkA
tkxhj {ks= ds fdlkuksa ls [kkylk {ks= ds fdlku ¼’kkld {ks= ds fdlku½ vf/kd
lq[kh Fks D;ksa fd os csxkj ykxrksa ls eqDr Fks rFkk mudh yxku dh ek=k fuf’pr FkhA 19oh
'krkCnh ds e/; rd lkeUrksa vkSj izeq[k 'kkldkas ds e/; ikjLifjd lEcU/k e/kqj Fks muesa
viuRo Fkk A fQj ;s fj’rs tfVy] rukoiw.kZ gks x;sA vkSj blls fdlku vkUnksyu dks tUe
feykA
v/;k;&14

The rise of nationality of Praja mandals and Independence Movement

jktLFkku esa jk"Vªh;rk dk mn~Hko] iztke.Myksa dh LFkkiuk vkSj Lok/khurk vkUnksyu

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- jktLFkku esa gq, fdlku vkUnksyuksa us &

¼v½ izpfyr lkeUrh O;oLFkk dk leFkZu fd;kA
¼c½ izpfyr lkeUrh; O;oLFkk dh cqjkbZ;ksa dks mtkxj fd;kA
¼l½ lkeUrksa dh fLFkfr dks lqn`<+ cuk;kA
¼n½ lkeUr i)fr dks ,d ubZ fn’kk iznku dhA
(c)
2- fot; flag ifFkd us 1920 bZ0 esa ftl lekpkj i= dk izdk’ku vkjEHk fd;k mldk uke
Fkk &
¼v½ uohu jktLFkku
¼c½ jktLFkku dsljh
¼l½ r:.k jktLFkku
¼n½ yksdok.kh
(c)
3- 1919 bZ0 esa ^jktLFkku lsok la?k^ LFkkfir djus dk eq[; mÌs’; Fkk &

¼v½ vaxzstks ds izfr fu"Bk dk Hkko Hkjuk A

¼c½ tkxhjnkjksa ds fgrks dk leFkZu djukA
¼l½ tkxhjnkjksa vkSj mudh jS¸;r ds chp lkSgknZiw.kZ lEcU/kksa dk fodkl djukA
¼n½ 'kkldksa ds fgrksa dh j{kk djukA
(l)
4- t;iqj esa ^o/kZeku fo|ky;^ dh LFkkiuk djus okyk O;fDr FkkA
¼v½ fot; flag ^ifFkd^
¼c½ vtqZu yky lsBh
¼l½ Vhdkjke ikyhoky
¼n½ iafMr ghjkyky 'kkL=h (c)

5- ^vf[ky Hkkjrh; ns’kh jkT; yksd ifj"kn~^ dk eq[; mn~ns’; Fkk &
¼v½ 'kkldksa ds lEeku] izfr"Bk vkSj vf/kdkjksa dh j{kk djukA
¼c½ 'kkldksa ds usr`Ro esa mŸkjnk;h ’kklu dh LFkkiuk djukA
¼l½ jkT;ksa esa jk"Vªh; dkaxzsl ds c<+rs gq, izHkko dks jksdukA
¼n½ ns’kh jkT;ksa ds 'kkldksa ds fujdaq’k vf/kdkjksa dk leFkZu djukA (c)
 6- dksVk esa tutkx`fr dk Js; fdls gS &
¼v½ ekf.kD; yky oekZ
¼c½ ghjkyky 'kkL=h
¼l½ u;uw jke 'kekZ
¼n½ vfHkUu gfj
(l)
7- fctksfy;k fdlku vkUnksyu ds izeq[k loksZifj usrk Fks &
¼v½ vtqZuyky lsBh
¼c½ fot; flag ifFkd
¼l½ ekf.kD; yky oekZ
¼n½ ';keyky
(c)
8- mn;iqj esa iztke.My dh LFkkiuk dk Js; fdls gS &
¼v½ Hkwjsyky c;k
¼c½ ekf.kD; yky oekZ
¼l½ jes’kpUnz
¼n½ cyoUr flag esgrk
(c)

9- Mawxjiqj iztke.My dh LFkkiuk dc gqbZ &

¼v½ 1945
¼c½ 1943
¼l½ 1947
¼n½ 1944
(c)
y?kqÙkjkRed iz’u&

What were the hurdles in the struggle of independency of Rajasthan?

iz’u 10 jktLFkku ds Lok/khurk la?k"kZ esa dkSulh ck/kk,a Fkha \

mŸkj jktLFkku dh turk dks nksgjh dfBukbZ;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk FkkA ,d vkSj fujadq’k
lÙkk ds v/khu turk fil jgh FkhA fczfV’k ljdkj 'kkldksa dh fujadq’k lÙkk dks cuk;s
j[kus ds fy,] turk ds laoS/kkfud vf/kdkjksa dh mis{kk dj jgh FkhA jktk o turk dk
vkfRed lEcU/k u gksus ls fczfV’k gqdqer T;knk gkoh Fkh tks Lok/khurk ds ekxZ esa cM+h ck/kk
FkhA
 What was the objective in the establishment of Praja Mandal in Rajasthan? Who was
credited the most for its reorganisation?
iz’u 11 jktLFkku esa iztke.Myksa dh LFkkiuk fdl mís’; dks ysdj dh xbZA blds iquxZBu dk Js;
fdls gS \

mŸkj loZizFke tks/kiqj esa 1931 bZ0 esa Jh diwjpUn ikVuh us ekjokM+ iztke.My dh LFkkiuk dh
ysfdu vko’;d tulg;ksx u feyus ds dkj.k ^^ekjokM+ iztke.My^^ futhZo lk jgk A
ysfdu lsB teukyky ctkt dh izsj.kk vkSj ifUMr ghjkyky 'kkL=h ds iz;Ru ls t;iqj
iztke.My dk iquxZBu fd;k x;kA rRi’pkr~ 1938 esa esokM+ iztke.My ¼mn;iqj½ ] 1939 esa
^Hkjriqj iztke.My^] 1940 esa tSlyesj iztke.My dh LFkkiuk gqbZ fQj fljksgh o chdkusj esa
Hkh iztke.Myksa dh LFkkiuk gqbZ A jk"Vªh; Lrj ij vf[ky Hkkjrh; ns’kh jkT; yksdifj"kn~ dh
LFkkiuk ls jkT;ksa esa Hkh bu iztke.Myksa esa xfr vkbZA bu iztke.Myksa ds ek/;e ls
jktLFkku esa LorU=rk izkfIr dk lfØ; iz;kl fd;k x;kA

Evaluate the role of public movement done by Prajamandal-

iz’u 12 jktLFkku esa iztke.My ds ek/;e ls gq, tuvkUnksyu dk ewY;akdu fdft, &

mŸkj jktLFkku dh fj;klrh turk jktuSfrd xfrfof/k;ksa ds izfr mnklhu jghA ,d vkSj rsk
fj;klrh turk dks Hkkjr dh izeq[k jk"Vªh; laLFkk dkaxzsl dk leFkZu ugh fey jgk FkkA
nwljh vksj dqfVy fczfV’k ljdkj us 1921 bZ0 esa ujsUnz e.My dk xBu dj fj;klrh turk
ij fujadq’k 'kklu dks dsoy dBksj gh ugha fd;k cfYd fj;klrksa ds vkUnksyu dks detksj
djus dk Hkh iz;kl fd;kA ujsUnz e.My dh cSBdksa esa vkUnksyuksa dh ppkZ rd ugha gksrh
FkhA
1927 bZ0 esa jk"Vªh; Lrj ij vf[ky Hkkjrh; ns’kh jkT; yksdifj"kn^ dh LFkkiuk ds
QyLo:i fj;klrksa ds jktuSfrd dk;ZdÙkkZ o ns’kHkDrksa dks ,d ,slk eap feyk tgk¡ ls os
viuh ckr dgdj o turk esa jktuSfrd psruk mRiUu dj ldrs FksA
1938 bZ0 esa gfjiqjk dkaxzsl ds izLrko us izR;sd jkT; esa tu vkUnksyuksa dk
mŸkjnkf;Ro LFkkuh; usr`Ro ij Mkydj nwjnf’kZrk dk ifjp; fn;kA blls usr`Ro dks cy
feyk& usrk o vke turk lfØ; gqbZA jktLFkku ds fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa vyx&vyx
iztke.Myksa dh LFkkiuk gqbZ & vkSj bu iztke.Myksa us vius lhfer lk/kuksa ls jktkvksa dk
fujadq’k lÙkk lfgr fczfV’k ljdkj ls yksgk fy;kA jktLFkku ds Lok/khurk laxzke esa 'kghn
ckyeqdqUn fcLlk o 'kghn lkxjey xksik^ ds cfynku vkt Hkh gekjs fy, izsj.kkLin gSA

Why was Pt. Heeralal Shastri made a distance from quit India movement in Jaipur ?
iz’u 13 t;iqj esa ^^Hkkjr NksM+ks vkUnksyu^^ ls if.Mr ghjkyky 'kkL=h vyx D;ksa jgs\

mŸkj jktLFkku esa tu vkUnksyuksa ds nkSjku LFkkuh; usrkvksa esa erHksn Hkh mRiUu gq,] ysfdu
vkUnksyu vius mn~ns’; ls dHkh fopfyr ugha gq,A ^^t;iqj iztke.My es^a ^ Hkkjr NksM+ks
vkUnksyu ds nkSjku erHksn mRiUUk gks x;s FksA ^^ia0 ghjkyky 'kkL=h ds fojksf/k;ksa us ^vktkn
ekspkZ^ uked vyx laxBu cuk fy;k Fkk ysfdu jk"Vªh; usrkvksa us dHkh LFkkuh; usrkvksa ds
erHksnksa dks c<+kok ugha fn;kA
;gh dkj.k gS dq’ky dqVuhfr ls ljnkj iVsy jk"Vªh; ,dhdj.k dj lds RkFkk
jktLFkku dh 22 fj;klr rFkk fczfV’k 'kkflr {ks= vtesj&esjokM+k dks ,d bdkbZ dks :i esa
laxfBr dj ldsA
fucU/kkRed iz’u &

Write the contributions of revolutions in spreading political conscusion.

iz’u 14 jktLFkku esa jktuSfrd psruk QSykus esa ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ds ;ksxnku dh ppkZ dhft,A

mŸkj dkaxzsl dh fHk{kko`fr ls ijs’kku mxzokfn;ksa us vktknh ds fy, mxzokn dk lgkjk fy;kA
jktLFkku ds ØkfUrdkjh ';ke Jhd`".k oekZ] n;kuUn ljLorh vkxs vk, jktLFkku esa ØkfUr
dk 'ka[k Qwadus o ØkfUr ds usr`Ro dk dk;Z vtqZuyky lsBh] dsljh flag ckjgB] jko xksiky
flag [kjok dk egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku jgkA

vtqZuyky lsBh & vtqZuyky lsBh dk tUe t;iqj ds tSu ifjokj esa 1880 bZ0 esa gqvk]
mUgksus vtesj ds tSu f’k{kk lkslk;Vh ] t;iqj esa o/kZeku fo|ky; vkSj Nk=kokl [kksykA
o/kZeku fo|ky; izR;{k esa rks /kkfeZd fo|ky; Fkk fdUrq ;gka ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dks vktknh ds
izf’k{k.k fn;k tkrk FkkA
ok;ljk; ykWMZ gkfMZXt ij ce QSdk x;kA ce Qsdus ds dk;Z dks vtqZuyky lsBh
ds fnekx dh mit crk;k x;kA vaxzstks ds ncko es vkdj t;iqj ujs’k us mUgsa 5 o"kZ dh
l[r dkjkokl dk n.M fn;kA ckn esa os dkaxzsl ls vyx gks x;s vkSj vtesj esa [oktk
'kjhQ dh njxkg esa xjhc eqfLye cPpksa dks i<+kus dk dke djus yxsA ogh mudk nsgkUr
gks x;kA mUgsa eqlyeku le>dj nQuk fn;k x;kA

dsljh flag ckjgB ¼1872&1940½

dsljh flag ckjgB dk tUe 1872 bZ0 esa 'kkgiqjk ¼HkhyokM+k½ ds ikl nsoiqjk xkao esa
gqvkA ';ke Jhd`".k oekZ] jklfcgkjh cksl ls mudk lEidZ gqvkA mUgksus dksVk esa
ØkfUrdkjh ny dk xBu fd;kA ftles xq:nRr] y{ehukjk;.k] ghjkyky ygjh tSls lnL;
FksA
ckjgB caxky dh HkkSfr xqIr ØkfUrdkjh lfefr;ka xfBr djuk pkgrs Fks blds fy,
mUgsa /ku dh vko’;drk FkhA tks/kiqj ds jkeLusgh egar] I;kjsyky dh dksVk esa gR;k dj nh
xbZA
lUnsg ds vk/kkj ij bu ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dks cUnh cuk fn;k x;k] ckn esa budh ltk
dedj 5 o"kZ dh dj nh xbZA budh lEifr tCr dj yh xbZA
dsljh flag ds iq= izrkiflag tks cukjl esa i<us ds fy, x;s FksA mUgsa Hkh jsthukWYM
ØsfMd dh cukjl esa gR;k djus dh ;kstuk cukus ds vkjksi 5 o"kZ dk dBksj dkjkokl dk
n.M ,oa ;kruk,a nh xbZ tsy esa gh izrkiflag dh e`R;q gks x;hA
jko xksiky flag ¼1872&1939½
;s vtesj ds esjokM+k esa [kjok fBdkus ds Bkdqj Fks vkSj jktiwrksa dh lksp esa
vUrj ykuk pkgrs FksA jko xksiky flag dks ^^/keZ egke.My^^ ds f’k"Ve.My ds lnL;
ds :i esa caxky tkus dk volj feyk A
bUgksus vtesj ds czkgE.k o jktiwr tkfr ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dsk vusd Nk=o`fRr
nsdj f’k{kk ysus gsrq izsfjr fd;kA C;koj ds m|ksxifr lsB nkeksnjnkl jkBh ls vkfFkZd
lgk;rk ysdj vL=&’kL= ,df=r fd;s& izFke ;q) ds nkSjku mUgksus 'kL= ØkfUr
dh ;kstuk cukbZ ysfdu Hksn le; ls iwoZ [kqy tkus ls mUgsa VkWMx<+ esa jgus dk vkns’k
fn;k ysfdu VkWMx<+ ls Hkkx tkus ds dkj.k mUgsa 2 o"kZ dh dkjkokl ltk nsdj
'kkgtgkWiqj ¼mŸkjizns’k½ Hkst fn;k x;kA [kjok tkxhj dks tCr dj fy;k x;kA
 fopkjksa ds vknku&iznku o lekpkj&i=ksa dk vHkko Fkk blfy,
ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dks viuh ckr lgh LFkkuksa ij igqpkaus ls iwoZ gh vusd d"Vksa dk lkeuk
djuk iM+rk FkkA

Discuss the growth of political conscious in Rajasthan.

iz’u 15 jktLFkku esa jktuSfrd psruk QSykus dh ppkZ fdft,A

mŸkj 20 oha 'krkCnh ds izFke nks n’kdksa rd jktLFkku esa jktLFkku esa jktuSfrd tkx`fr QSy xbZ
jktLFkku esa jktuSfrd tkx`fr ds izeq[k dkj.k fuEukuqlkj Fks %&
fdlku vkUnksyu %& ge fiNys v/;k; esa tku pqds gS fd fdlku vkUnksyuksa us jkT; esa
izpfyr cqjkbZ;ksa dks mtkxj dj fn;k Fkk] vkSj csdkj ysuk] vR;f/kd VSDl Hkkj] vekuoh;
O;ogkj] ykx] csxkj vkSj 'kks"k.k ds f[kykQ vkokt mBkus ls izpfyr jkTkuSfrd O;oLFkk dh
vkykspuk o fojks/k dk ekxZ iz’kLr gks x;kA

vaxzsth f’k{kk dk ;ksxnku %& vaxzsth f’k{kk izkIr yksxks dk izfr’kr cgqr gh de Fkk fdUrq
bu vaxzsth f’k{kk izkIr O;fDr;ksa dks fczfV’k jsthMsUV mPp in ns nsrs FksA blls jkT;ksa esa
vlUrks"k O;kIr gqvkA blds vfrfjDr f’kf{kr oxZ us vaxzstks ds LorU=rk o lekurk dh
Hkkoukvksa ls ifjiw.kZ vaxzsth lkfgR; dks i<+k A muesa u;h psruk tkx`r gqbZA blhfy, bl
oxZ us vkxs pydj fj;klrksa esa mŸkjnk;h 'kklu dh O;oLFkk dh ekax dhA
lekpkj i=ksa dk ;ksxnku %& jktLFkku ds fujadq’k 'kklu ds nks"k lekpkj i=ksa ds ek/;e ls
izdkf’kr gksus yxsA
1885 esa ^jktiwrkuk xtV^] 1885 esa ^jktLFkku lekpkj^ izdkf'kr gksus yxsA
fot;flag ifFkd us ^jktLFkku dsljh^ dk izdk’ku Hkh vkjEHk fd;kA blh rjg ^izHkkr^]
^uoT;ksfr^ ^uothou t;iqj lekpkj i= A yksdok.kh vyoj if=dk esa Hkh vaxzsth 'kks"k.k o
vR;kpkj dh O;kid ppkZ gksus yxhA ;s Hkkouk jktuSfrd psruk ds fodkl esa lgk;d fl)
gqbZA
ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dk ;ksxnku %& jktLFkku ds izeq[k ØkfUrdkjh dsljhflag ckjgB] vtqZuyky
lsBh] jko xksiky flag us n;kuUn ljLorh ds fopkjks ls izHkkfor gks ';ke Jhd`".k oekZ ls
feydj ØkfUr dk 'ka[k ctk fn;kA
izFke fo’o;q) dk izHkko %& izFke fo’o;q) esa cM+s&cM+s jtokM+kas ls vusd lSfud izFke
fo’o;q) gsrq Hksts x;sA ;gka vkdj mUgksus vius&vius vuqHko lquk,A ftlls yksxks esa
jk"Vªh; tkx`fr iSnk gq;hA
izoklh oxZ dk ;ksxnku %& izoklh O;kikjh bl le; rd vaxzstks ds HksnHkko iw.kZ joS;s ls
ifjfpr gks pqds FksA dydRrk&cEcbZ ds fodflr ekjokfM+;ksa us jk"Vªh; fopkj/kkjk dks
izksRlkfgr fd;k vkSj mUgksusa jktuSfrd tkx`fr ykus ds fy, /ku [kpZ djuk 'kq: fd;kA
O;kikfj;ksa us vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lrj ij ^^vky bf.M;k LVsV ihiqYl dkWUÝsal^^ dks rFkk
jkT;Lrj ij jktuSfrd dk;ZdrkZvkas dks vkfFkZd lgk;rk nhA bues chdkusj ds [kwcjke
ljkZQ] lR;ukjk;.k ljkZQ] tks/kiqj ls vkuUnjkt lqjk.kk] pkaney lqjk.kk] Hkaojyky ljkZQ]
t;iqj esa Vhdkjke ikyhoky xqykcpUn dklyhoky ds uke mYys[kuh; gSA
fofHkUu laxBuksa dk ;ksxnku %& tutkfr;ksa us vR;kpkjksa ds f[kykQ xfBr lHilHkk]
fot;flag ifFkd dh ^lsoklfefr^ pkaney lqjk.kk }kjk fufeZr ^^ekjokM+ fgrdkfj.kh lHkk^^
1919 esa LFkkfir ^jktLFkku lsok la?k^ LFkkfir fd;s x;s A bu la?kksa dh LFkkiuk dk ize[q k
mn~ns’; turk ds d"Vksa dk fuokj.k o fczfV’k ljdkj o fujadq’k ns’kh jktkvksa ds f[kykQ
vkokt cqyUn djuk FkkA
v/;k;&15
Integration of Rajasthan states
jkTkLFkkuh jkT;ksa dk ,dhdj.k

oLrqfu"B iz’u&

1- ,dhd`r jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k esa tks eRL; la?k dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k mlesa 'kkfey Fks%&
¼v½ tks/kiqj] t;iqj] chdkusj dksVk vkSj vyoj
¼c½ mn;iqj] ckalokM+k] Mawxjiqj] izrkix<+ vkSj Vksd
a
¼l½ 'kkgiqjk] fd’kux<+] >kykokM+] tSlyesj vkSj djkSyh
¼n½ vyoj] Hkjriqj] /kkSyiqj vkSj djkSyh ¼n)

2- ,dhd`r jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k gsrq la;qDr jktLFkku dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k ftldk
iz/kkuea=h cuk;k x;k A
¼v½ Jh t;ukjk;.k O;kl dks
¼c½ Jh 'kksHkkjke dqEgkor dks
¼l½ Jh eksguyky lq[kkfM+;k dks
¼n½ izks0 xksdqy izlkn vlkok dks ¼n)

3- o`gr jktLFkku ds egkjkt izeq[k Fks &

¼v½ lokbZ ekuflag
¼c½ egkjktk guqoUr flag
¼l½ egkjk.kk Hkwiky flag
¼n½ egkjko Hkhe flag ¼l)

4- fljksgh dk jktLFkku esa foy; gqvk &

¼v½ 1948 bZ0 esa
¼c½ 1949 bZ0 esa
¼l½ 1952 bZ0 esa
¼n½ 1956 bZ0 esa ¼¼n½

5- jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k esa fdldh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jgh A

¼v½ eksguyky lq[kkfM+;k
¼c½ ghjkyky 'kkL=h
¼l½ ljnkj oYyHk HkkbZ iVsy
¼n½ xksdqy HkkbZ HkV~V ¼l)
6- ,dhd`r jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k dk dk;Z fdrus pj.kksa esa iwjk fd;k x;k \
¼v½ nks pj.k esa
¼c½ rhu pj.k esa
¼l½ pkj pj.k esa
¼n½ ikap pj.k esa ¼¼n½

y/kqÙkjkRed iz'u&

Which primary states of union of matsay were merged in integration Rajasthan?

7- ,dhd`r jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k esa EkRL; la?k ds dkSu&dkSuls jkT; feyk, x;s \

mŸkj ,dhd`r jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k esa EkRL; la?k ds Hkjriqj] /kkSyiqj vyoj o djkSyh jkT;ksa dks feyk;k
x;k A

When was Ajmer merged in Rajasthan?

8- jktLFkku esa vtesj dk foy; dc gqvk \

mŸkj 1 uoEcj 1956 bZ0 dks fljksgh ds ekmUV vkcw okys {ks= ds lkFk vtesj &esjokM+k dk Hkh jktLFkku
esa foy; fd;kA

How were Governors appointed for the first time in Rajasthan?

9- jktLFkku esa izFke ckj jkT;ikyksa dh fu;qfDr fdl izdkj dh xbZ \

mŸkj 1 uoEcj 1956 bZ0 ls izFke o f}rh; Js.kh jkT;ksa dks lekIr dj laln us lafo/kku ds
7osa la’kks/ku }kjk jktize[q kksa dk in lekIr dj LkHkh jkT;ksa esa jkT;iky dh fu;qfDr dks Lohd`fr ns
nh A

How did Sardar Patel achieve the herculean task of major merger of states in Rajasthan ?
10- ljnkj iVsy us jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k ds dfBu dk;Z dks fdl izdkj laikfnr fd;k \

mŸkj ljnkj iVsy us viuh prqjkbZ] cqf)erk vkSj dq’ky uhfr ls jktLFkkuh 'kkldksa dh vfUkPNkvksa ij
tuer ds izHkko’kkyh ncko ls jktLFkku ds riLoh tuusrkvksa ds vFkd iz;kl o muds lfpo esuu
ds lg;ksx ls jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k ds dk;Z dks laikfnr fd;k A
 Name the princely states which were integrated in Greater Rajasthan ?
11- o`gr jktLFkku esa dkSu&dkSulh fj;klrksa dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k \

mŸkj dkQh la?k"kZ ds ckn] 14 tuojh 1949 dks ljnkj iVsy us mn;iqj esa ,d tulHkk dks lEcksf/kr
djrs gq, o`gr~ jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k dh ?kks"k.kk dj nhA bl ?kks"k.kkuqlkj tSlyesj] tks/kiqj] chdkusj]
t;iqj mn;iqj] Vksad] canw h] dksVk] izrkix<+] 'kkgiqjk o >kykokM+ dks feykdj o`gr jktLFkku dk
fuekZ.k fd;kA

fucU/kkRed iz’u &

Mention various stages in the intergation of Rajasthan.

12- jktLFkku jkT;ksa ds ,dhdj.k ds fofHkUu lksikuksa dk o.kZu fdft, A

mŸkj ,dhd`r jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k dk dk;Z ikap pj.kksa esa iwjk fd;k x;k A
izFke pj.k esa EkRL; la?k dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k A izFke pj.k esa vyoj] Hkjriqj /kkSyiqj o djkSyh
dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k] ysfdu ,dhdj.k dk ;s dk;Z bruk vklku ugha Fkk D;ksfa d 15 vxLr 1947
dks LorU=rk ds lkFk gh ns’k dk foHkktu gks x;k A ,d ckj lHkh jtokM+s igys dh gh Hkkafr
NksVh&NksVh ;wfuVksa esa vaxzstksa }kjk LorU= dj fn;s x;s A
vyoj] Hkjriqj dh fj;klrksa esa Hkh naxs HkM+d x;s A bu naxks esa vyoj egkjktk rstflag o ogka ds
nhoku [kjs dk uke ckj 2 vk jgk FkkA lkEiznkf;d naxks dk [krjk c<+ jgk Fkk A vr% 27 Qjojh
1948 bZ0 dks pkjksa fj;klrksa dks feykdj la?k cukkus dk izLrko j[kkA ekf.kD; yky eaq’kh o
dUgS;kyky ds vkxzg ij bu pkjksa jtokM+ksa dsk feykdj bldk uke ^ eRL; la?k^ j[k fn;k x;k A
D;ksafd egkHkkjrdky esa Hkh bl {ks= dks EkRL; la?k ds uke ls tkuk tkrk jgk FkkA
f}rh; pj.k rFkk la;qDr jktLFkku dk fuekZ.k &jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k ds f}rh; pj.k esa nf{k.kh
jktLFkku ds jtokM+ksa dks Hkkjr ljdkj ,d djuk pkgrh Fkh A
dksVk] canw h] >kykokM+ o Mwaxjiqj ds 'kkld fnYyh x;s rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj ls izLrkfor la?k cukus
dk vuqjks/k fd;k] ysfdu izLrkfor la?k {ks= ds chp esa] esokM+ dh fj;klr iM+rh Fkh vkSj fj;klrh
foHkkx }kjk fu/kkZfjr ekun.M ds vuqlkj esokM+ viuk i`Fkd vfLrRo cuk;s j[kus dk vf/kdkjh FkkA
blfy, esokM+ fj;klr ij dksbZ ncko ugha Mkyk tk ldrk Fkk fQj Hkh dqN 'kkldksa ds vkxzg ij
fj;klrh foHkkx esokM+ dks u;s jkT; esa 'kkfey gksus dk fuea=.k fn;k x;k A ysfdu esokM+ jkT; ds
nhoku ,l-oh- jkeewfrZ us izLrko dk fojks/k ;s dgdj dj fn;k fd ^^esokM+ dk 1300 o"kZ iqjkuk
jktoa’k viuh xkSjo’kkyh ijEijkvksa dks fryktafy nsdj Hkkjr ds ekufp= ij viuk vfLrRo
lekIr ugha dj ldrk A bl dkj.k ljdkj us ;s fu.kZ; fy;k fd fQygky mn;iqj dks NksM+dj
nf{k.kh iwohZ jktLFkku dh fj;klrksa dks feykdj la;qDr jktLFkku dk fuekZ.k dj fy;k tk; A 25
ekpZ 1948 bZ0 dks oh- xkMfxy us la;qDr jktLFkku dk fof/kor mn~?kkVu fd;k A vkSj dksVk]
cwna h] >kykokM+] Mwx
a jiqj] ckalokM+k] izrkix<+] Vksd] fd’kux<+ 'kkgiqjk dks 'kkfey dj fy;k x;kA

r`rh; pj.k o esokM+ dk foy; %& esokM+ ds nhoku lj jkeewfrZ Loa; fnYyh x;s vkSj mUgksus
egkjk.kk dh rhu izeq[k ek¡xks ls Hkkjr ljdkj dks voxr djk;k A
blds QyLo:i mn;iqj egkjk.kk dks 10 yk[k :Ik;s okf"kZd izhoh&ilZ] 5 yk[k :i;s
okf"kZd jktIkzeq[k in dk HkRrk] 5 yk[k :0 esokM+ dh ijEijkuqlkj /kkfeZd [kpZ ds fy, fn, tkuk
Lohdkj fd;k x;k A 18 vizSy 1948 bZ0 dks iafMr tokgjyky usg: us la;qDr jkTkLFkku dk
fof/kor mn~?kkVu fd;k vkSj blh ds lkFk jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k dk rhljk pj.k iw.kZ gqvkA
 prqFkZ pj.k esa t;iqj&tks/kiqj] tSlyesj o chdkusj 'ks"k jg x;s Fks A buls ls tks/kiqj
chdkusj o tSlyesj ,sls jtokM+s Fks ftudh lhek,a iM+kSlh ns’k ikfdLrku ls feyrh gSA buesa
tks/kiqj] t;iqj chdkusj viuk LorU= vfLrRo j[kuk pkgrs Fks ysfdu ns’k dh lqj{kk dh n`f"V bUgsa
i`Fkd j[kk tkuk lEHko ugha FkkA jktLFkku dh turk Hkh jktLFkku dks ,dhd`r :Ik esa ns[kuk
pkgrh FkhA

t;iqj egkjktk dh 'krsZ Fkh & fd t;iqj dks jkt/kkuh cukbZ tkos ysfdu igys gh ;s r; gks pqdk
Fkk A mn;iqj egkjk.kk dks lEekfur djus dh n`f"V ls ^egkjktk izeq[k dk in mUgsa fn;k tkosxkA
t;iqj dh HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr] is;ty lqfo/kk dks /;ku esa j[kdj jkt/kkuh cuk;s tkus dh bPNk ls
egkjktk t;iqj dks lUrq"V fd;k x;kA t;iqj ujs’k dks 18 yk[k :0 tks/kiqj ujs’k dks 17-50
yk[k :i;s] chdkusj ujs’k dks 17 yk[k :0 okf"kZd nsuk r; gqvkA t;iqj ujs’k dks 5-50 yk[k :-
okf"kZd HkRrk nsdj bl leL;k dk lek/kku fd;k x;kA
ljnkj iVsy us mn;iqj tkrs le; 14 tuojh 1949 dks o`gRrj jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k dh ?kks"k.kk
dh A ia0 ghjkyky 'kkL=h ds usr`Ro esa 7 vizSy 1947 dks jktLFkku ds u;s eaf=eaMy us 'kklu Hkkj
lEHkkyk A
jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k dk vfUre pj.k %&
fljksgh jkT; dk iz’u vHkh Hkh vVdk gqvk Fkk dqN yksxksa dk ekuuk Fkk fljksgh ds ml {ks= dks
tgka xqtjkrh cksyh tkrh gsk mls xqtjkr LVsV ,tsUlh dks lkSai fn;k tk; fljksgh dks ckn esa
osLVuZ bf.M;k rFkk xqtjkr LVsV~l ,tsUlh ds vUrxZr j[k fn;k x;kA
ysfdu xqtjkr ds jktkvksa us vius vki dks cEcbZ izkUr eas feykus dk QSlyk fd;k rc fljksgh dsk
vyx j[kuk iM+k D;ksa fd turk esa fojks/k iSnk gksus yxkA xqtjkr dks cEcbZ izkUr esa feykus vkSj
jktLFkkuh fljksgh dks jktLFkku esa feykus ij tksj nsus yxs A igys fljksgh dks jktLFkku esa
feyk;k x;k ysfdu fQj Hkh fojks/k tkjh jgk vra esa ekmUV vkcw dks Hkh jktLFkku esa feykus ds
eqn~ns us tksj idM+k A ekmUV vkcw fd iwjs {ks= dks jktLFkku esa feyk;k x;k A
vc dsoy vtesj & esjokM+k & dsUnz 'kkflr {ks= foy; ls cpk Fkk mls jktLFkku ds lkFk feyk
fn;k x;k lkFk 1 uoEcj 1956 dks vtesj ds lkFk ekmUV vkcw dks Hkh vtesj&esjokM+k ds lkFk
jktLFkku esa feyk fn;k x;kA
jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k dk Js; rRdkyhu x`gea=h ljnkj oYyHk HkkbZ iVsy muds x`glfpo esuu]
LFkkuh; usrkvksa o 'kkldksa dk lfØ; ;ksxnku ls gh jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k dk pqukSrh Hkjk dk;Z
iwjk gqvk A
v/;k; &16
fVIi.kh Mugals Rajput Collaboration
eqxy jktiwr lg;ksx

¼ eqxy ckn'kkg rFkk jktiwr jktkvksa ds vkilh lg;ksx ds lanHkZ esa ½

1547 bZ0 esa Hkkjey vkesj dk 'kkld cukA ysfdu eqxyksa esa vdcj ds 'kklu dky esa cgqr ls
jktiwrksa us vdcj dh v/khurk Lohdkj dj yhA ,sfrgkfld rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij 20 tuojh 1562 bZ0 dks
vtesj ls tc rhFkZ;k=k djds ykSV jgk Fkk vkSj <a<w kM+ {ks= ls xqtjk rc Hkkjey us vdcj ds le{k Loa;
mifLFkr gksdj&vdcj dh v/khurk Lohdkj dj yh vkSj viuh iq=h dk fookg vdcj ls dj fn;kA
vdcj us Hkkjey ds iksrs vkSj HkxoUrnkl ds iq= ekuflag dks 'kkgh lsok esa Hkst fn;k] rHkh ls
eqxy jktiwrksa ds lg;ksx dk nkSj 'kq: gqvkA
'kkgh lsok dk izFkedky 1562&1574 bZ0
jktiwr eqxy lg;ksx ds dkj.k
1- vdcj dk egÙokdka{kh gksuk & vdcj ;s tkurk Fkk fd jktiwr ,d ohj tkfr gS vkSj Hkkjr ij
lQyrkiwoZd 'kklu djus ds fy, bl tkfr dk lg;ksx vko';d gSA
bfrgkl bl ckr dk lk{kh gS fd vdcj us j.kFkEHkkSj ij p<+kbZ dh rks vius vkesj ds jktk
HkxoUrnkl o mudk ikS= ekuflag Hkh ml vfHk;ku esa mlds lkFk FksA bl vfHk;ku dh lQyrk us
;s crk fn;k fd vkilh lg;ksx ds dkj.k &lqtZu gkM+k us fdys dh pkch vdcj dks lkSai nh vkSj
Loa; dh ijkt; eku yhA
2- 1572 bZ0 esa xqtjkr fot; vkSj HkxoUrnkl dk lg;ksx & bl lg;ksx o fot; ls izlUu gksdj
vdcj us >.Mk o uxkM+k nsdj HkxoUrnkl dk 'kkgh lEeku fd;kA bczkghe fetkZ ;q) {ks= ls Hkkx
[kM+k gqvkA
3- vdcj dk ekuflag dks egkjk.kk izrki ds fo:) Hkstuk & ;|fi egkjk.kk izrki gYnh?kkVh ;q) esa
ijkLr gq, ysfdu lnk ds fy, mldh 'kfDr [kRe ugha gq;hA ysfdu blls ;s fl) gks x;k fd
vdcj us viuh egÙodka{kk dh iwfrZ ds fy,& ,d jktiwr jkT; dks nwljs jktiwr jktk ls yM+kdj
fot; gkfly dh rFkk viuh lhekvksa dh o`f) dj viuh egÙodka{kk dh iwfrZ dh A
4- jktiwr 'kkldksa esa laxBu dk vHkko & jktiwrksa esa vkilh izfrLi/kkZ] bZ";kZ o 'k=qrk dh Hkkouk us
mUgsa ,d ugha gksus fn;k& bl vkilh QwV dk ykHk vdcj us mBk;kA
5- jktiwrksa dk oQknkj gksuk & ,d ckj jktiwr 'kkld fdlh ds izfr fu"Bkoku gks tkrs Fks rks viuh
oQknkjh iw.kZr;k fuHkkrs FksA bl ekU;rk ds dkj.k Hkh vdcj dks jktiwrksa dk iw.kZ lg;ksx feykA
mnkgj.kkFkZ %& t;iqj ds jktk ekuflag dks fcgkj Hkstk x;kA 20 o"kZ rd fcgkj &caxky dk lwcns kj
jgdj] fonzksfg;ksa dks nck;k o eqxy izHkqRo dks lqn`<+ cuk;kA vdcj us ekuflag dh lsokvksa ls [kq'k
gksdj lkr gtkjh eulc Hkh iznku fd;kA
6- jktiwr 'kkldksa esa laXkBu dk vHkko & blfy, vdcj us budh izfrHkk dk mi;ksx Loa; dks loksZPp
lkfcr djus esa fd;kA buds vkilh lg;ksx dk ;s Hkh ,d izeq[k dkj.k jgkA
7- fons'kh lSfudksa rFkk vU; tkfr;ksa dk fonzkgs &fonzksfg;ksa dks nckus ds fy, Hkh eqxy jktiwr lgk;ksx
vfuok;Z cu x;kA
mnkgj.kkFkZ & fetkZ jktk t;flag ds xíh ij cSBrs gh tgk¡xhj us fetkZ jktk t;flag dh fu;qfDr
nf{k.k esa dh&vkSj efyd vEcj tks vgen uxj jkT; dks eqxyksa ds fo:) lgk;rk ns jgk Fkk ds
f[kykQ vnE; mRlkg dk ifjp; fn;k& fetkZ jktk t;flag us nysy [kka iBku dks ijkLr fd;kA
eqxyksa }kjk vius LokFkZ o fgrksa dh j{kk ds fy, jktiwrksa dk lg;ksx vko';d FkkA
8- vdcj ds cpiu ds laLdkj & vdcj f'k;k eqlyeku Fkk A mldh fopkj/kkjk lfg".kqrk iw.kZ FkhA
mlus eulc iznku dj ,oa fookg O;ogkj }kjk jktiwrksa ls fe=rk cukuk mfpr le>kA
9- vdcj ij lwQh lUrksa dk izHkko & lwQh lUrksa ds izHkko ls vdcj us jktuSfrd gh ugha lkekftd]
/kkfeZd {ks= esa Hkh mnkjrk dh Hkkouk dk ifjp; fn;k& blls jktiwr eqxy lgk;ksx cukA
10- jktiwrksa dh ohjrk & vdcj rks mnkj Fkk gh fdUrq tgk¡xhj o 'kkgtgk¡ ds 'kklu esa Hkh jktiwr
dkSe dh ohjrk ds dkj.k tgk¡xhj o 'kkgtgk¡ us Hkh fetkZ jktk t;flag dks tkV fonzksg nckus ds
fy, Hkstk vkSj blesa t;flag dks cgqr lQyrk feyhA

vkSjaxtsc dV~Vj eqlyeku Fkk fdUrq Loa; vkSjaxtsc us Hkh tc nf{k.k Hkkjr esa f'kokth ds usr`Ro esa
ejkBk 'kfDr'kkyh gks jgs Fks& fetkZ jktk t;flag dks nf{k.k esa fu;qDr fd;k tgk¡ f'kokth o
vkSjaxtsc ds e/; iqjUnj dh laf/k ds fy, f'kokth dks jkth djus esa t;flag us egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk
fuHkk;hA
vdcj] tgk¡xhj] 'kkgtgk¡] vkSjxatsc rd Hkh jktiwrksa dh ohjrk ds dk;y Fks blhfy, eqxy jktIkwr
lg;ksx yEcs le; rd cuk jgk A ;|fi jktiwrksa ds lcls T;knk lg;ksx vkesj jkt?kjkus ds
jktiwrksa us fn;k] tcfd mn;iqj ds egkjk.kk dks eqxyksa dh v/khurk ekuflag thoui;ZUr Lohdkj
ugha djok ldsA ysfdu vQxkuksa dh c<+rh 'kfDr dks u"V djus] jktiwrksa dh tkfrxr ohjrk o
oQknkjh ls eqxy lezkV Hkh fdlh u fdlh lhek rd izHkkfor Fks os tkurs Fks fd bl tkfr ds
lg;ksx ds fcuk Hkkjr esa 'kklu djuk vklku ugha gSaA ,d vkSj egRoiw.kZ ckr gS fd bl lg;ksx
dh 'kq:vkr &eqxy lezkVksa esa vdcj us gh dhA eqxy ckn'kkg vkSj jktiwrksa ds vius&vius LokFkksZ
ls ^^eqxy jktiwr lg;ksx uhfr^^ dk egRo jgkA
v/;k; &17
fVIi.kh

Art and Architecture in Rajasthan

jktLFkku esa dyk vkSj LFkkiR;
Special reference to forts
¼nqxksZ ds fo'ks"k lanHkZ es½a

jktLFkku dh LFkkiR; dyk mruh gh izkphu gSa ftruk ekuo dk bfrgklA tc eqlyeku Hkkjr vk;s blls
iwoZ gh LFkkiR; dyk dh ,d 'kSyh fodflr gks pqdh FkhA ;s fgUnw LFkkiR; 'kSyh dgykrh FkhA fgUnw LFkkiR;
dyk esa dey] dy'k] LrEHk] Å¡ps f'k[kj] igkfM+;ksa ds Åij nqxZ] pkSjl LFkkuksa ij nqxZ] jsfxLrku esa nqxZ ;gk¡
dh fo'ks"krk jgh gSA
jktLFkku ds izfLk) nqxZ o LFkkiR;
jktLFkku ohjrk] 'kkS;Zrk dh izrhd tkfr jktiwrksa dh LFkyh jgh gSA izk;% izR;sd jktk vius jkT; foLrkj o
{kerk o lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls nqxksZ dk fuekZ.k vo'; djokrs FksA ;gk¡ ge jktLFkku ds izfLk) nqxZ] efUnj]
Lekjd o jktizlknksa ds ckjs esa tkusaxsA
nqxZ fuek.kZ dyk & jktLFkku 'kwjohjksa dh Hkwfe jgh gSaA lHkh NksVs&cM+s jktk tkxhjnkj vius 2 Lrj ls nqxksZ
dk fuekZ.k djokrs FksA Hkkjrh; nqxZ fuekZ.k dyk esa ijEijkxr Hkkjrh; dyk 'kSyh dk gh mi;ksx fd;k x;k
FkkA jktLFkku esa N% izdkj ds nqxksZ dk mYys[k izkIr gksrk gSa tks bl izdkj gS &
vkSnd nqxZ %& ikuh ds e/; fLFkr nqxZ dks vkSnd nqxZ dgk x;k gSA bl izdkj ds nqxksZ rd igq¡pus ds fy,
ukokas dk lgkjk fy;k tkrk FkkA
ioZr ;k fxfj nqxZ & ;s nqxZ igkM+h ij cuok;s tkrs FksA
/kUou nqxZ & ;s nqxZ jsfxLrku esa ;k ou LFkyksa esa cuk;s tkrs Fks buesa vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr esa 'kj.k yh
tkrh FkhA
eqfLye lÙkk ds ckn nqxZ fuekZ.k esa FkksM+k vUrj vk;k A Å¡ph&Å¡ph igkfM+;ksa ds lery Hkkx ij nqxZ
cuok;s tkus yxsA blfy, fpÙkkSM+] dqEHkyx<+] ekaMyx<+ vkfn izkphu nqxksZ esa blds vuq:i ifjorZu fd;s
x;sA tks/kiqj] ukxkSj] chdkusj vkfn LFkkuksa esa ikuh dh deh ds dkj.k nqxksZ esa gh cjlkr ds ikuh dks
,df=r djus dh O;oLFkk gksrh FkhA
jktLFkku ds izfLk) nqxZ &
fpÙkkSM+ dk nqxZ & leqnz dh lrg ls 1850 QhV vk/kk ehy pkSM+k] lEiw.kZ fdyk lqn`<+ nhokjksa ls f?kjk gSaA
egkjk.kk dqEHkk us blesa lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls dkQh ifjorZu djok;s gSaA
blesa dhfrZLrEHk] iz'kfLr] jkeiksy] HkSjoiksy] guqekuiksy] rkjkiksy] y{ehiksy] pkeq.Mkiksy vkfn cus gq, gSaA
;gka dqEHkk dk egy fLFkr gSaA mlls vkxs dqEi ';ke dk eafnj cuk gSA etcwrh dh n`f"V ls mRd`"B nqxZ
gSA ,d tSu fot; LrEHk Hkh ;gka gS&ftldh r{k.kdyk xqtjkr dh r{k.k dyk ls feyrh tqyrh gSA ;kfu
bu nqxksZ ij ijEijkxr Hkkjrh; 'kSyh] eqfLye 'kSyh dk izHkko ns[kk tk ldrk gSaA

fpÙkkSM+ nqxZ

dhfrZ LrEHk
dqEHkyx<+ nqxZ & mn;iqj ls yxHkx 60 ehy nwj lknM+h dLcs ds ikl] esokM+ vkSj ekjokM+ lhek ij ;s nqxZ
fLFkr gSaA bl nqxZ dk fuekZ.k egkjk.kk dqEHkk ds izfLk) f'kYih e.Mu ds rRoko/kku esa cuk;k FkkA esokM+ o
ekjokM+ dh lhek ij cus gksus ds dkj.k bldk lkefjd egÙo Hkh FkkA 'k=q ds vkØe.k ds le; esokM+ dk
?kjkuk o jktdh; lEifÙk o iztk dks ;gh lqj{kk izkIr gqbZA nqxZ lh/kh Å¡ph txg ij cuk gSA bl dkj.k
bls dVkjx<+ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA dVkjx<+ ds 6 }kjks dks ikj djus ds ckn tks pkSM+k ekXkZ vkrk gS mlds
nk;s&ck;sa jktizlkn cus gq, gSaA [kk| o ;q) lkexzh dks ,df=r djus ds fy, cM+s&cM+s xksnke] v'o'kkyk]
gkfFk;ksa dks j[kus dk LFkku cuk gqvk gSA
duZy VkWM us bl nqxZ dh rqyuk lqn<+ izkphjks]a cqtksZ o daxjw ks dh n`f"V ls ^,VwLdu^ ls dh gSA MkW- xksihukFk
us bls dqEHkk dh lkefjd o jpukRed xq.kksa dh miyfC/k dgk gSA nqxZ dk LFkkiR; vkt Hkh ns[kus yk;d gS
vkSj viuh vHksn fLFkfr dks izekf.kr dj jgk gSaA
j.kFkEHkkSj dk nqxZ &;g Hkh jktLFkku dk izfl) o izkphu nqxksZ esa ls ,d gSaA ;g lokbZek/kksiqj ls 13
fdykehVj nwj vjkoyh ioZr Ja`[kykvksa ls f?kjk gqvk gSA 944 esa bls pkSgku 'kkld j.kFkku us cuok;kA mlh
ds uke ij bldk uke j.kFkEHkiqj j[kk x;k Fkk tks vc ^j.kFkEHkkSj^ gks x;k gSA pkSgkuksa us ;gka 600 o"kZ rd
'kkld fd;k A bl nqxZ ds izos'k }kj dks ukSy[kk njokts ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
blesa efUnj] tyk'k;] gosfy;k] Nrfj;ka] efLtns cuh gqbZ gSaA pkSgku 'kkldks ds le; ls gh ,d
rksj.k}kj gSA eqfLye 'kkldksa us bls gh vU/ksjh njoktk rFkk t;iqj 'kkldksa us rksj.k }kj dks gh f=iksfy;k
njoktk dgk gSA blesa 32 fo'kky [kEHkksa okyh 50 QhV Å¡ph Nrjh Hkh gSaA lkr [k.Mksa okyk jktegy
th.kZ&'kh.kZ voLFkk esa gSA blesa x.ks'k efUnj gS ftldh vkt Hkh cgqr vf/kd ekU;rk gSA

¼ j.kFkEHkkSj nqxZ ½

nqxZ dk egRo & lkefjd n`f"V ls ;s nqxZ cgqr egÙoiw.kZ gSA nqxZ pkjks vkSj ouksa ls <dk gSA blesa dkys o
Hkwjs iRFkj dk mi;ksx Hkh gqvk gSA nqxZ esa fLFkr Nrjh ds xqEcn ij uDdk'kh dk dke gSA 1961 bZ0 esa
jktLFkku ljdkj ds ou foHkkx us bldk fuekZ.k djok;k vktdy ^^ck?kifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr uofufeZr
Hkou i;ZVdksa dk foJkex`g cuk gqvk gSA
vkesj ds egy vkSj LFkkiR;
dNokgk jktkvksa dh izkphu jkt/kkuh vkesj ds LFkkiR; esa nqxZ LFkkiR; rFkk jktizlknksa ds LFkkiR; dk
lqUnj feJ.k feyrk gSaA vkesj ds 'kkldksa us vko';drk ds vuqlkj x<+] ijdksVk] cqtZ] efUnj] tyk'k; vkSj
izlknksa dk fuekZ.k djok;kA
vkesj ds egy LFkkiR; dh n`f"V ls jktLFkku esa lcls lqUnj egy ekus tkrs gSA vkesj egy dk fuekZ.k
jktk ekuflag us vkjEHk djok;k FkkA ;s dk;Z fetkZ jktk t;flag ds dky esa iw.kZ gqvkA lqn`<+ nhokjs] Å¡ph
igkfM+;ksa ij cus egy] nksuks vkSj igkfM+;ka o jkLrk Hkh lqjf{kr gSA nqxZ esa fgUnq'kSyh ds NTts] esgjkc caxkyh
'kSyh ds] nhokus vke] tyschpkSd] lq[k fuokl] lq[keafnj jktiwr 'kSyh ds gSA dkap ds VqdM+ks ls tks
dykd`fr;ka dh xbZ gS os bZjkuh 'kSyh ls lkE;rk j[krh gaSA

¼ vkesj dk izkphu egy ½

ekmUV vkcw nqxZ & esokM+ ds egkjk.kk dqEHkk }kjk cuok;k x;k A
rkjkx<+ nqxZ & vtesj ds pkSgku 'kkld vt;iky us cuok;kA bls ^vt;es:^ nqxZ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
flok.k nqxZ & tkykSj dk ;g nqxZ tks/kiqj ds if'pe esa fLFkr gSA
v/;k; &18
fVIi.kh%&
Feudal system in Rajasthan
jktLFkku esa lkeUrh O;oLFkk

jktLFkku dh 'kklu O;oLFkk esa lkeUrh O;oLFkk viuk fof'k"V LFkku j[krh gSA jktLFkku ds
jtokM+ksa esa lkeUrh O;oLFkk jktuSfrd ds lkFk&lkFk lkekftd rFkk ikfjokfjd egÙo Hkh j[krh gSA
jktLFkku esa lkeUrh O;oLFkk ,oa lkeUrksa dh fu;qfDr & jktLFkku esa ,slh izFkk izpfyr Fkh fd jktk dh
e`R;q ds ckn ;fn dksbZ fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr u gks rks jktk dk cM+k iq= 'kkld eq[; jktk curk FkkA vkSj jktk
dk fof/kor jkT;kfHk"ksd gksrk FkkA ysfdu ftu jkT;ksa dk {ks= foLrkj vf/kd gksrk Fkk ogk¡ 'kklu lapkyu
dh lqfo/kk dh n`f"V ls vU; NksVs&NksVs {ks=ksa esa lkeUrksa dh fu;qfDr dj nh tkrh Fkh] ;s lkeUr ml {ks=
dk 'kklu lapkyu djrs Fks vkSj vko';drk iM+us ij jtokM+s izeq[k ds egkjktk ls lykg ys ysrs FksA
vf/kdka'k lkeUrksa dh fu;qfDr ifjokj ds NksVs yM+dksa o lxs lEcfU/k;ksa esa ls gh dj nh tkrh FkhA
;s fu;qfDr izeq[k jktk }kjk dh tkrh FkhA bUgsa lkeUr ds uke ls iqdkjk tkrk FkkA
lkeUrksa dk c<+rk izHkko & izkphudky esa ;s O;oLFkk Bhd rjg pyrh jgh ysfdu tSls&tSls fons'kh izHkko
ge ij iM+us yxk vkSj jktk vius futh LokFkksZ ds dkj.k dHkh eqxy vkSj dHkh vaxzstksa ls lgk;rk ysdj
,d&nwljs dks uhpk fn[kkus dh dksf'k'k djus yxs& bl c<+rh gqbZ fons'kh lgk;rk ds cnys ] fonsf'k;ksa us
cM+h&cM+h jkf'k f[kjkt ds :i esa] lgk;rk ds cnys ekaxuh 'kq: dj nhA bruh cM+h jkf'k tqVkus ds fy,
jktkvksa us vius lkeUrksa ij fuHkZj jguk 'kq: dj fn;k rFkk os bls jkf'k dh izkfIr dk {ks= ekuus yxs blls
izfrLi)kZ dk tUe gqvk vkSj ize[q k egkjktk vkSj lkeUrksa ds e/; x`g;q) o la?k"kZ dh fLFkfr cu xbZA
la?k"kZ dh 'kq:vkr & 18oha 'krkCnh esa ;s lkeUrh O;oLFkk vius pje ij igqap pqdh FkhA chdkusj esa
tksjkojflag dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~ xtflag dks xíh ij cSBkus esa tks/kiqj esa c[r flag] t;iqj esa bZ'ojh flag o
ek/kksflag dk mÙkjkf/kdkj lEcU/kh >xM+k fuiVkus esa lkeUrksa us egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA dHkh cawnh dks ysdj
] dHkh t;iqj vkSj dHkh tks/kiqj dks ysdj ;s [khaprku pyrh jgh vkSj ;s [khaprku blfy, Hkh pyrh jgh
D;ksa fd nksuksa gh ejkBkvksa ls lg;ksx ysrs jgsA
cM+s&cM+s lkeUr o dqyhu oxZ izfrLi)kZ esa my> x;sA cM+s&cM+s jktk ejkBkvksa ds pkSFk o ljns'keq[kh dh
jkf'k pqdkus ds fy, Hkh bu NksVs tkxhjnkjksa ls Hkh iSlk bdV~Bk djus yxs A ejkBkvksa dks jkf'k pqdkus dk
dksbZ vkSj rjhdk muds ikl ugha FkkA
e/;dky o mÙkj e/;dky esa lkeUrksa ij fuHkZjrk &
eqxyksa ds 'kklu dky esa vkSj cM+& s cM+s jkt?kjkuksa ds muds jktuSfrd lEcU/k rFkk eqxyksa ls fe=rk]
lg;ksx] oSokfgd lEcU/kksa us jktiwr ujs'kksa dks lkeUrksa ij vkSj vf/kd vkfJr cuk fn;k& eqxy ckn'kkg dks
[kq'k djus ds fy, tks utjkus jktkvksa }kjk HksaV fd;s tkrs Fks os lkeUrksa ds lg;ksx ls vkSj fofHkUu tkxhjksa
ls ,df=r fd;s tkrs FksA
eqxyksa ds lEidZ ls NksVs cM+s lkeUr dks pksjh &MdSrh] vO;oLFkk esa fyIr gksus ij Hkh mUgsa eqxy lg;ksx o
lgk;rk feyrh jgh vkSj lkeUrksa ij jktkvksa dh fuHkZjrk cjkcj c<+rh jghA
lSfud O;oLFkk ds fy, lkeUrksa ij fuHkZjrk & jktkvksa us lkeUrksa dks lSfud lgk;rk nsus okys lg;ksfx;ksa
ds :i esa mi;ksx esa ykuk 'kq: dj fn;kA lkeUrksa dks tkxhjs nh tkrh FkhA mlh ds vuqikr esa mUgsa 'kkafr
dky o ;q) ds nkSjku lSfud lg;ksx nsuk iM+rk Fkk& vr% lSfud lgk;rk nsus ds dkj.k e/;dky esa
lkeUr O;oLFkk esa mÙkjksRrj o`f) gqbZA jktk lsuk ds vk/kkj ij eqxy ckn'kkgksa ls eulc izkIr djus yxs
vkSj Loa; dks eqxy vkØe.kksa ls lqjf{kr eglwl djus ds fy, muds fy, ;g djuk t:jh gks x;kA
fczfV'kdky vkSj lkeUr O;oLFkk& fczfV'k ljdkj dks 'kklu dh lqO;oLFkk ls dksbZ eryc ugha FkkA mUgsa
dsoy vius f[kjkt] vius VSDl] o viuh olwfy;ksa ls eryc FkkA ,d rks jktLFkku ds fHkUu&fHkUu jtokM+ksa
ls vaxzstkas us vyx&vyx lfU/k dh vkSj lqj{kk dh vkM+ ysdj fHkUu&fHkUu jkT;ksa ls okf"kZd dj ds :i esa
yk[kksa :i;s olwyh dh fyf[kr 'krsZa j[kh& eqxyksa dks] ejkBkvksa dks] fczfV'kl dks fdlh u fdlh :i esa fn;s
tkus okyh /kujkf'k dks vkf[kj jktkvksa dks Hkh bu lkeUrksa ls gh rks olwy djuk Fkk A vr% vaxzstksa us 1835
esa ^'ks[kkoVh fczxM
s ^ ^esjokM+k cVkfy;u^] ^tks/kiqj yhft;u^] ^esokM+ Hkhy dksj^ uke ls tks lsuk,a rS;kj dh
mudk [kpZ jktk lkeUrksa ls olwy djds djrs FksA vr% lkeUrksa dk 'kks"k.k jktk }kjk vkSj jktk ls ywV
fczfV'k ljdkj }kjk bl ifjikVh us lkeUr o muds vf/kdkj {ks= dks 'kks"k.k dk {ks= cuk fn;kA
lkeUrksa dk 'kks"k.k & u;s tkxhj ds mÙkjkf/kdkj dk dj] ryokj cU/kh nLrwj] utjkuk is'k djuk]
jktdqekfj;ksa ds fookg dk :i;k] jktkvksa dks rhFkZ;k=k djds ykSVus ij dj] fczfV'k ljdkj ds ncko ls
jktkvksa us ued {ks= vaxzstks dks ns fn,A fdlkuksa ls j{kkca/ku dj] vQhe dj] ukbZ ls lkyHkj dke djkus
dk VSDl ¼xsga w ds :i esa½ gksyh ds volj ij lkyHkj dk vukt nsuk] jkgnkjh VSDl fy, tkus yxsA ftlls
lkeUr vkSj mudh turk] d`"kd lHkh dk [kwc 'kks"k.k gqvkA
jktiwr 'kkld brus vlgk; gks pqds Fks fd os ikWfyfVdy ,tsUV ¼jsthMsUV½ dh vogsyuk djuk muds fy,
eqf'dy Fkk& muds dgs vuqlkj os lkeUr o lkeUrksa ds ek/;e ls turk dk 'kks"k.k djrs jgsA
fczfV'k vf/kdkjh lkeUrksa dh lSfud lsok ds cnys udn :i;k olwy djus yxsA lkeUrksa ds fo'ks"kkf/kdkjksa
dks lekIr dj fn;k x;kA lkeUrksa dks lkekU; fLFkfr esa ykdj Hkh mUgsa pSu ls ugha jgus fn;k tkrk FkkA
1857 dh ØkfUr o lkeUrksa dk lg;ksx & 'kks"k.k dh ijkdk"Bk] vU;k;] vR;kpkj vkSj uxn jkf'k o mit
dk cM+k fgLlk ywVdj mudh fLFkfr dks n;uh; cuk nsus dk gh urhtk Fkk fd 1857 dh ØkfUr tks lsuk ls
'kq: gqbZ muesa cgknqj'kkg tQj] >kalh dh jkuh y{ehckbZ] rkR;kaVksis] vo/k ds uokc ds lkFk&lkFk jktLFkku
ls vkmok ds Bkdqj dq'kky flag] vklksik ds Bkdqj f'koukFk flag] xqyj ds Bkdqj fc'kuflag] vkyf.k;kckl
ds Bkdqj vthrflag] [kstM+yk Bkdqj vkfn us Hkh 1857 dh Økafr esa foIyodkjh lsuk dk lkFk fn;kA
 'kCnkoyh
1) jk;/ku % jktLFkku ds fy, iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSa ckn esa jk;/ku ds LFkku ij ^jktiwrkuk 'kCn
dk iz;ksx fd;k tkus yxkA tks/kiqj] chdkusj] tSlyesj&if'peh jktLFkku dk {ks= jsrhyk Hkkx ^e:
izn's k^ dgyk;kA ;gh e: izn's k dkykarj esa ^e:okj^ ;k ^ekjokM+^ dgyk;k A
2) vfgN=iqj %bls ge vktdy ukxkSj ds uke ls tkurs gSaA
3) f'kykys[k % os ys[k tks iRFkj ;k pÍku ij mRdh.kZ fd;s tkrs gSaA
4) [;kr lkfgR; % jktkvksa dh ^[;kfr^ esa fy[kk x;k oks lkfgR; ftldk ,dek= y{; vius 'kkld
dh ;'kksxkFkk dk o.kZu djuk Fkk] [;kr lkfgR; dgykrk gSaA fQj Hkh ,sfrgkfld n`f"V ls buesa
izkIr tkudkfj;ksa ds vk/kkj ij fo'kq) bfrgkl dh jpuk dh tk ldrh gSA
5) ckxksj dh lH;rk % HkhyokM+k ls 25 fdyksehVj nwj ;gka 1967 bZ0 ls 1970 bZ0 ds chp mR[kuu
¼[kqnkbZ½ dk dk;Z gqvk rc ;s lH;rk izdk'k esa vkbZ A
6) x.ks'oj % ^x.ks'oj^ rglhy uhedkFkkuk ftyk lhdj esa dkWVyh unh ds mn~xe LFky ij fLFkr gSa
tgka rkez;qxhu lH;rk ds vo'ks"k feys gSaA
7) iqjkrkfRod LFky % izkphu lH;rk ds vo'ks"k feyus okyk LFkku

8) jktLFkku ds izeq[k iqjkrkfRod LFky % ckxkSj ¼mn;iqj½] tks/kiqjk ¼t;iqj½ uksg ¼Hkjriqj½ lqukuh
[ksrM+h] ¼>qa>quw½ fryokM+k ¼ckM+esj½ uxjh ¼fpÙkkSM+½ ufy;klj ¼lkaHkj ds fudV½] uxj ¼Vksad½ &
jaxegy ¼xaxkuxj½ Hkhueky ¼tkykSj½
9) ekyo laor~% ekyo tkfr ,d LorU= laor dk iz;ksx djrh Fkh A igys d`r fQj ekyo vkSj
vUr esa ^foØe laor dgk tkus yxkA

10) likny{k % orZeku lkaHkj

11) egkjktkf/kjkt % jktkvksa dk jktk] egku~ jktkA

12) jk;jk;u % fo}ku o lkfgR;dkjksa dk vkJ; nkrk

13) jk.kks jklks % lkfgR;dkjksa dk vkJ; nkrk

14) jktxq: % jktuSfrd fl)kUrksa dh tkudkjh esa n{k

15) nkuxq: % egknkuh

16) gkyxq: % igkM+h nqxksZ dk Lokeh

17) Nkixq: % Nkikekj ;q)i)fr esa n{k

18) ledkyhu % mlh le;

19) <w<a kM+ izns'k % nkSlk o vklikl dk {ks=

20) pkSFk % vkenuh dk pkSFkk Hkkx ejkBs VSDl ds :i esa fy;k djrs FksA
mls pkSFk dgk tkrk gSA

21) ljns'keq[kh % vkenuh dk nloka Hkkx olwy fd;k tkuk ljns'k eq[kh dgykrk FkkA

22) tkSgj % jkfu;k vius vfLrRo o lrhRo dh j{kk djus ds fy, nq'euksa ds gkFk esa vkus ls iwoZ Loa;
dks ftUnk fprk esa tyk nsrh Fkh A mls tkSgj dgk tkrk gSA

23) iM+nk;r % mi ifRu ds :i esa Lohd`r xksyh dk jtokM+ksa esa iMnk;r ds uke ls tkuk tkrk FkkA
mls jfuokl ds insZ esa jguk iM+rk FkkA
24) ikloku vFkok [koklu % 'kkld izlUu gksdj fdlh nklh dks gkFk ;k iSj esa lksus ds vkHkw"k.k iguus
dh Lohd`fr ns nsrk Fkk rks ml nklh dk in o lEeku c<+ tkrk Fkk& og ikloku ;k [koklu
dgykrh FkhA
25) LkkaHkjh % fczfV'k 'kkludky esa lkaHkj >hy ls rS;kj ued dks lkaHkj ds uke ls tkuk tkrk FkkA
26) dksfl;k %iapHkznk ds ued dks dksfl;k ued ds uke ls tkuk tkrk FkkA
27) MhMw % fczfV'k dky esa MhMokuk dk ued dks MhMw ds uke ls tkuk tkrk FkkA
28) [kkylk Hkwfe% tks Hkwfe lh/ks 'kkld ds fu;=a.k esa gksrh Fkh& [kkylk Hkwfe dgykrh FkhA
29) tkxhj % tks Hkwfe lkeUrkas ds fu;U=.k esa gksrh Fkh A tkxhj Hkwfe dgykrh FkhA
30) utjkuk % u;s 'kkld dh xn~nhu'khuh ij nh tkus okyh jkf'k utjkuk dgykrh FkhA u;s lkeUr dks
xn~nhu'khuh ij &'kkld dks is'k dh tkus okyh jkf'k Hkh] mÙkjkf/kdkj 'kqYd] gqDeukek] ryokj ca/kkbZ
vkfn Hkh ^utjkuk^ dgykrk FkkA
31) mijeky % esokM+ ds fctkSfy;k {ks= dh tkxhj dks ^mijeky^ ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSaA laxfBr
fdlku vkUnksyu dh 'kq:vkr dk Js; blh {ks= dks gSA
32) lEi lHkk % Hkhyksa dks lkekftd n`f"V ls laxfBr djus ds fy, 1905 bZ0 esa ^lEilHkk^ dh LFkkiuk
dh xbZ A lEi lHkk ds ek/;e ls esokM+] Mwaxjiwj] bZMj] xqtjkr] fot;uxj o ekyok ds Hkhyksa dks
laxfBr fd;k x;kA
 lanHkZ xzUFk lwph

jktLFkku dk bfrgkl MkW- dkywjke 'kekZ

HkwriwoZ izkQ
s l
s j bfrgkl foHkkx
ouLFkyh fo'ofo|ky;]
ouLFkyh fo|kihB]

MkW- izdk'k O;kl

HkwriwoZ jhMj bfrgkl foHkkx
ouLFkyh fo'ofo|ky;]
ouLFkyh fo|kihB
¼iap'khy izdk'ku] t;iqj½

Histroy of Rajasthan MkW- jhek vks>k

jktLFkku dk fojkV bfrgkl xksihukFk 'kekZ ,oa vkj-ih- O;kl

Annals Antiquities of Rajasthan James Tod

 B.A. (Part I) HISTORY EXAMINATION, 2010

Second Paper
(Outline History of Rajasthan from Earliest
Times to 1949 A.D.)

Time allowed : One hour Maximum Marks :40

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Earlier City 'Jangal' was the name of :

(a) Kota (b) Bikaner (c) Jaipur (d) Mewar ( )
izkphu 'kgj ^taxy^ uke Fkk %
¼v½ dksVk ¼c½ chdkusj ¼l½ t;iqj ¼n½ esokM+ ( )

2. Which city was the capital of Pratihar King Nagbhatta-I.

(a) Mandaur (b) Merata (c) Jodhpur (d) Jalore ( )
izfrgkj jktk ukxHkÍ izFke dh jkt/kkuh dkSu&lh uxjh Fkh \
¼v½ e.MkSj ¼c½ esM+rk ¼l½ tks/kiqj ¼n½ tkykSj ( )

3. Who is called 'Abul Fazal' of Rajasthan:

(a) Suryamal Mishran (b) Nainsi (c) Bankidas (d) Kaviraj Shyamaldas ( )
jktLFkku dk ^vcqy Qty^ fdls dgk tkrk gS %
¼v½ lw;Zey feJ.k ¼c½ uS.klh ¼l½ c¡¡kdhnkl ¼n½ dfojkt ';keynkl ( )
4. Ahar site is situated :
(a) Ganga nagar (b) Kota (c) Udaipur (d) Jaipur ( )
vkgM+ LFky fLFkr gS %
¼v½ xaxkuxj ¼c½ dksVk ¼l½ mn;iqj ¼n½ t;iqj ( )
5. The first category of Nobles in Mewar is called :
(a) Umrao (b) Sardar (c) Ganayat (d) Rajavi ( )
esokM+ ds izFke Js.kh ds lkeUr ¼ljnkj½ dgyk;s %
¼v½ mejko ¼c½ ljnkj ¼l½ xuk;r ¼n½ jktoh ( )

6. Rana Kumbha is called 'Abhinab Bharatcharya' of Rajasthan because :

(a) Lover of Music (b) Lover of Writing
(c) Lover of Fort (d) Lover of War ( )
 jk.kk dqEHkk dks jktLFkku dk ^vfHkuoHkjrkpk;Z^ dgk x;k gS D;ksafd %
¼v½ laxhr izseh Fks ¼c½ fy[kus ds izseh Fks ¼l½ nqxZ izseh Fks ¼n½ ;q) izseh Fks
( )
7. Formation of Desh Hiteshini Sabha was :
(a) 2nd July, 1877 (b) 5th October, 1888
(c) 11th November 1880 (d) 5th March, 1886 ( )
^ns'k fgrSf"kuh lHkk^ dk xBu gqvk Fkk %
¼v½ 2 tqykbZ] 1877 dks ¼c½ 5 vDVwcj] 1888 dks
¼l½ 11 uoEcj] 1880 dks ¼n½ 5 ekpZ] 1886 dks ( )

8. 'Nimuchana Kand' took place in :

(a) 1925 A.D. (b) 1924 A.D. (c) 1923 A.D. (d) 1920 A.D. ( )
^uhewpuk dk.M^ gqvk Fkk %
¼v½ 1925 bZ- esa ¼c½ 1924 bZ- esa ¼l½ 1923 bZ- esa ¼n½ 1920 bZ- esa ( )

9. Motilal Tejawat is associated with :

(a) Peasant Movement (b) Land Reform Movement
(c) Marwar Hitkarini Sabha (d) Bhil Movement ( )
eksrhyky rstkor lEcfU/kr gS %
¼v½ fdlku vkUnksyu ls ¼c½ Hkwfe lq/kkj vkUnksyu ls
¼l½ ekjokM+ fgrdkfj.kh lHkk ls ¼n½ Hkhy vkUnksyu ls ( )
10. Rajasthan Seva Sangh was established in :
(a) 1885 A.D. (b) 1914 A.D. (c) 1920 A.D. (d) 1919 A.D. ( )
jktLFkku lsok la?k dh LFkkiuk gqbZ %
¼v½ 1885 bZ- esa ¼c½ 1914 bZ- esa ¼l½ 1920 bZ- esa ¼n½ 1919 bZ- esa
( )
11. In which year was the battle of Giri-Samel was fought :
(a) 1526 A.D. (b) 1527 A.D.
(c) 1528 A.D. (d) 1544 A.D. ( )
fxfj&lqesy dk ;q) dc yM+k x;k Fkk %
¼v½ 1526 bZ- esa ¼c½ 1527 bZ- esa ¼l½ 1528 bZ- esa ¼n½ 1544 bZ- esa
( )
12. The Bishnoi Sect was founded by :
(a) Sant Dariyavji (b) Sant Tukaram
(c) Sant Ramcharan (d) Jambhoji ( )
fo'uksbZ lEiznk; dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ Fkh %
¼v½ lar nfj;koth }kjk ¼c½ lar rqdkjke }kjk
¼l½ lar jkepj.k }kjk ¼n½ tkEHkksth }kjk ¼ ½
13. The builder of Chittor Fort was :
(a) Rana Sanga (b) Rana Kumbha
(c) Rana Ratan Singh (d) Chitrang ( )
fpÙkkSM+ nqxZ ds fuekZrk Fks %
¼v½ jk.kk lkaxk ¼c½ jk.kk dqEHkk ¼l½ jk.kk jru flag ¼n½ fp=kax ¼ ½

14. Which school of painting was Nihalchand painter :

(a) Amer School (b) Kishangarh School
(c) Bundi School (d) Kota School ( )
fugkypan fdl 'kSyh dk fp=dkj Fkk %
¼v½ vkesj 'kSyh ¼c½ fd'kux<+ 'kSyh
¼l½ cawnh 'kSyh ¼n½ dksVk 'kSyh ¼ ½

15. The chief centre of Dadu Sect is :

(a) Singhthal (b) Dholidub
(c) Kherapa (d) Naraina ( )
nknw iaFk dk eq[; dsUnz gSa %
¼v½ flagLFky ¼c½ /kksyhnwc ¼l½ [ksM+kik ¼n½ ujSuk ¼ ½

16. Which one of the following states was not merged into 'Matsya Sangha' :
(a) Dholpur (b) Jaipur (c) Bharatpur (d) Alwar ( )
fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk jkT; ^eRL; la?k^ esa lfEefyr ugha fd;k x;k Fkk%
¼v½ /kkSyiqj ¼c½ t;iqj ¼l½ Hkjriqj ¼n½ vyoj ( )

17. The first Rajput state to sign the treaty with the Britishers in 1818 A.D. was :
(a) Udaipur (b) Kota (c) Kishangarh (d) Jaipur ( )
jktiwrkuk dk izFke jktiwr jkT; ftlus vaxzstksa ds lkFk lu~ 1818 bZ- esa laf/k ij gLrk{kj fd;s%
¼v½ mn;iqj ¼c½ dksVk ¼l½ fd'kux<+ ¼n½ t;iqj ¼ ½

18. The process of integration of Rajasthan was completed in the year :

(a) 1948 (b) 1952 (c) 1956 (d) 1947 ( )
,dhd`r jktLFkku dh fuekZ.k izfØ;k iwjh gqbZ %
¼v½ 1948 esa ¼c½ 1952 esa
¼l½ 1956 esa ¼n½ 1947 esa ¼ ½

19. Name the following architect who planned a beautiful Jaipur city was
(a) Mandan (b) Dharnak (c) Vidyadhar (d) Keshavadas ( )
lqfu;ksftr ,oa lqUnj t;iqj 'kgj dks clkus okyk okLrqdkj Fkk %
¼v½ e.MUk ¼c½ /kj.kd ¼l½ fo|k/kj ¼n½ ds'konkl ¼ ½
20. The founder of Banasthali Vidyapith was :
(a) Jamanalal Bajaj (b) Arjunlal Sethi
(c) Hiralal Shastri (d) Maniklal Verma ( )
ouLFkyh fo|kihB ds laLFkkid Fks %
¼v½ teukyky ctkt ¼c½ vtqZuyky lsBh
¼l½ ghjkyky 'kkL=h ¼n½ ekf.kD;yky oekZ ¼ ½
21. Write names of famous 'Khayat'
lqizfl) [;krksa ds uke fyf[k;s A

22. Discuss 'Raj-Prashasti'.

^jktiz'kfLr^ dh foospuk dhft;s A

23. Write about Col. James Tod.

duZy tsEl VkWM ds ckjs esa crkb;s A
24. Who were main famous Modern Historians of Rajasthan (any four names) ?
jktLFkku ds fdUgha pkj vk/kqfud izfl) bfrgkldkjksa ds uke crkb;sA
25. Write any four salient features of 'Ahar' civilization.
vkgM+ lH;rk dh izeq[k pkj fo'ks"krk,a crkb;sA
26. Write four branches of Dadu-Panth.
nknw iaFk dh pkj 'kk[kkvksa ds uke fyf[k;sA
27. What do you understand by the term 'Tajim' ?
^rkthe^ 'kCn ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \
28. Write about 'Vijaysingh Pathik'.
fot;flag ifFkd ds ckjs esa crkb;sA

29. What were the main four factors leading to Maratha invasions in Rajasthan ?
jktLFkku esa ejkBk vkØe.kksa ds izeq[k pkj dkj.k crkb;sA
30. When, who and why 'Hurda Conference' was organised ?
gqjMk lEesyu dc] fdlus vkSj D;ksa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k \
DESCRIPTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
izR;sd [k.M esa ls ,d iz'u dk p;u djrs gq,] dqy rhu iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft;sA lHkh iz'uksa ds vad leku
gSaA

Section- A
1. Describe the main literary sources of Rajasthan History.
jktLFkku ds bfrgkl ds izeq[k lkfgfR;d lzkrs ksa dk o.kZu dhft;s A 20
2. Give a brief account of Ala-ud-Din's Conquest of Jalore and Ranthambore and what were the
main causes of his victory?
vykmn~nhu ds tkykSj ,oa j.kFkEHkkSj fot; dk laf{kIr fooj.k nhft,A mldh fot; ds izeq[k
dkj.k D;k Fks \ 15$5

Section- B
3. Write a brief note about the political and cultural achievements of Rana Kumbha.
jk.kk dqEHkk dh jktuhfrd ,oa lkaLd`frd miyfC/k;ksa dk laf{kIr o.kZu dhft,A 5$15
4. What were the causes of Mughal-Rajput co-operation and what were its impact in the field of
art and culture of Rajasthan?
eqxy&jktiwr lg;ksx ds izeq[k dkj.k D;k Fks rFkk bldk jktLFkku dh dyk ,oa laLd`fr ij D;k
izHkko gqvk \ 10$10

Section- C
5. Give an account of the social reforms in Rajasthan after 1818 A.D.
1818 bZ- ds i'pkr~ jktLFkku esa lkekftd lq/kkjksa dk fooj.k nhft;sA 20
6. Give an account of the different phases of unification of Rajasthan.
jktLFkku ds ,dhdj.k ds fofHkUu pj.kksa dk fooj.k nhft;sA 20
 B.A. (Part I) HISTORY EXAMINATION, 2011
(10+2+3 Pattern) (Faculty of Arts)
[Also Common with subsidiary Paper of B.A. (Hons.) Part-I
Three Year Scheme of 10+2+3 Pattern]

HISTORY
Second Paper [History of Rajasthan (From Earliest Times to 1956 A.D.)

Time allowed : Three hours Maximum marks : 100

1. With which culture is Deedwana associated :

(a) Palaeolithic (b) Mesolithic
(c) Neolithic (d) Chalcolithic ( )
MhMokuk fdl laLd`fr ls lEcfU/kr gS %
¼v½ iqjkik"kk.k ¼c½ e/;ik"kk.k ¼l½ uoik"kk.k ¼n½ rkezik"kk.k ( )

2. The earliest coins of India are known as :

(a) Punch -mark (b) Dinar
(c.) Drmma (d) Taka ( )
Hkkjr ds izkphure flDdsa bl uke ls tkus tkrs gSa %
¼v½ iapekdZ ¼vkgr½ ¼c½ nhukj ¼l½ nze ¼n½ Vdk ( )

3. Balathal site is situated in :

(a.) Jaipur (b) Dinar
(c.) Drmma (d) Taka ( )
ckykFky LFky fLFkr gS %
¼v½ t;iqj ¼c½ lhdj ¼l½ mn;iqj ¼n½ chdkusj ( )

4. Who is author of Vanshbhaskara ?

(a) Bankidas (b) Suryamalla Misrana
(c.) Shyamldas (d) Keshavdas ( )
^oa'kHkkLdj^ ds ys[kd dkSu gS\
¼v½ c¡kdhnkl ¼c½ lw;Zey feJ.k ¼l½ ';keynkl ¼n½ ds'konkl
( )
5. Kalibangan is an important excavation site, situated in :
(a) Jaipur (b) Hanumangarh
(c.) Bikaner (d) Barmer ( )
^dkyhcaxk tks ,d egÙoiw.kZ mR[kuu {ks= gS] fLFkr gS %
¼v½ t;iqj ¼c½ guqekux<+ ¼l½ chdkusj ¼n½ ckM+ejs
( )
6. When did Alauddin Khilji attack Chittor :
(a) 1301 A.D. (b) 1311 A.D.
(c.) 1302 A.D. (d) 1303 A.D. ( )
^vykmn~nhu f[kyth us fpÙkkSM+ ij dc vkØe.k fd;k %
¼v½ 1301 bZ- esa ¼c½ 1311 bZ- esa
¼l½ 1302 bZ- esa ¼n½ 1303 bZ- ( )

7. Shivi Janpad was located in :

(a) Bairath (b) Madhyamika
(c.) Bagar (d) Maand ( )
f'kfo tuin clk Fkk %
¼v½ cSjkB ¼c½ e/;fedk ¼l½ ckxM+ ¼n½ ekaM ( )

8. Dhai-Din ka Jhopra was situated in :

(a) Bundi (b) Bharatpur
(c.) Alwar (d) Ajmer ( )
<kbZ fnu dk >ksiM+k dgk¡ fLFkr gS %
¼v½ cqUnh ¼c½ Hkjriqj ¼l½ vyoj ¼n½ vtesj ( )

9. Rana Kumbha became the ruler of Mewar in :

(a) 1437 A.D. (b) 1446 A.D.
(c.) 1433 A.D. (d) 1436 A.D. ( )
jk.kk dqEHkk esokM+ ds 'kkld cus Fks %
¼v½ 1437 bZ0 ¼c½ 1446 bZ0 ¼l½ 1433 bZ0 ¼n½ 1436 bZ0 ( )

10. In which year was the battle of haldighati was fought :

(a) 1572 A.D. (b) 1576 A.D.
(c.) 1582 A.D. (d) 1577 A.D ( )
gYnh?kkVh dk ;q) dc yM+k x;k Fkk %
¼v½ 1572 bZ0 ¼c½ 1576 bZ0 ¼l½ 1582 bZ0 ¼n½ 1577 bZ0 ( )

11. Meera was worshiper of :

(a) Krishna (b) Rama
(c.) Shiva (d) Buddha ( )
ehjk HkDr Fkh %
¼v½ d`".k ¼c½ jke ¼l½ f'ko ¼n½ cq) ( )

12. Who is the author of Raj-Prashasti :

(a) Mandan (b) Vidyadhar
(c.) Bankidas (d) Rannchhod Bhatt ( )
jktiz'kfLr ds ys[kd dkSu gS \
¼v½ eaMu ¼c½ fo|k/kj ¼l½ ck¡dhnkl ¼n½ j.kNksM+HkV~V ( )
13. Sagarmal Gopa belonged to the state :
(a) Jalore (b) Jaisalmer
(c.) Jodhpur (d) Mewar ( )
lkxjey xksik fdl fj;klr ls lEcfU/kr Fks %
¼v½ tkykSj ¼c½ tSlyesj ¼l½ tks/kiqj ¼n½ esokM+ ( )

14. The person whose all the family members made sacrifices in the freedom movement was :
(a) Vijay singh Pathik (b) Jamana Lal Bajaj
(c.) Kesari Singh Barhat (d) Moti Lal Tejawat ( )
og O;fDr ftlds ifjokj ds lHkh lnL;ksa us Lora=rk vkUnksyu esa cfynku fd;k Fkk %
¼v½ fot; flag ifFkd ¼c½ teukyky ctkt
¼l½ dsljhflag ckjgB ¼n½ eksrhyky rstkor ( )

15. The Dungarpur Prajamandal was established in :

(a) 1945 A.D. (b) 1943 A.D. (c.) 1947 A.D. (d) 1944 A.D. ( )
Mwaxjiqj iztke.My dh LFkkiuk dc gqbZ %
¼v½ 1945 bZ0 ¼c½ 1943 bZ0 ¼l½ 1947 bZ0 ¼n½ 1944 bZ0 ( )

16. Harijan Seva Samiti was established in :

(a) 1935 A.D. (b) 1932 A.D. (c.) 1934 A.D. (d) 1936 A.D. ( )
^gfjtu lsok lfefr^ dh LFkkiuk dc gqbZ %
¼v½ 1935 bZ0 ¼c½ 1932 bZ0 ¼l½ 1934 bZ0 ¼n½ 1936 bZ0 ( )

17. Which was the first State to declare the practice of Sati illegal ::
(a) Kota (b) Bundi (c.) Udiapur (d) Alwar ( )
lrhizFkk dks xSjdkuwuh ?kksf"kr djus okyk izFke jkT; dkSulk Fkk %
¼v½ dksVk ¼c½ cwUnh ¼l½ mn;iqj ¼n½ vyoj ( )

18. Opium Royal commission was set up in :

(a) 1889 A.D. (b) 1893 A.D.
(c.) 1890 A.D. (d) 1879 A.D. ( )
vQhe jkW;y deh'ku LFkkfir fd;k x;k Fkk%
¼v½ 1889 bZ0 ¼c½ 1893 bZ0 ¼l½ 1890 bZ0 ¼n½ 1879 bZ0 ( )

19. The Capital of Matsya Sangh was:

(a) Alwar (b) Bharatpur
(c.) Jaipur (d) Dholpur ( )
EkRL; la?k dh jkt/kkuh Fkh %
¼v½ vyoj ¼c½ Hkjriqj ¼l½ t;iqj ¼n½ /kkSyiqj ( )

20. When was the integration of Rajasthan completed :

(a) 1948 A.D. (b) 1947 A.D.
(c.) 1957 A.D. (d) 1956 A.D. ( )
 jktLFkku dk ,dhdj.k dc lEiw.kZ gqvk %
¼v½ 1948 bZ0 ¼c½ 1947 bZ0 ¼l½ 1957 bZ0 ¼n½ 1956 bZ0 ( )

21. Bairath
cSjkB A

22. To which civilization is Balathal related and where is it situated ?

ckykFky iqjkLFky fdl lH;rk ls lEcfU/kr gS vkSj ;g dgk¡ fLFkr gS \

23. Mention two main features of Kishangarh school of paintings.

fd'kux<+ fp=dyk 'kSyh dh nks izeq[k fo'ks"krk,a crkb;sA

24. Durga Das Rathore

nqxkZnkl jkBkSM+A
25. Who was the Karamchand Panwar ?
deZpUn iaokj dkSu Fkk \

26. Tarun Rajasthan

r:.k jktLFkku A

27. Govindgiri
xksfoUnfxjh A

28. Rajputana Gazette

jktiqrkuk xtV A

29. Bhomiya
HkkSfe;k A

30. Bijolia Movement

fctkSfy;k vkUnksyu A
 PART –II DESCRIPTIVE
Section- A ¼[k.M ^v^½

1. Write short notes on two of the following :

(i) Importance of Aravali Range (ii) Palaeo lithic Culture
(iii) Painted Rock Shelter (iv) Guhila 10+10
fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha nks ij laf{kIr fVIif.k;k¡ fyf[k;s %
¼i½ vjkoyh ioZrekyk dk egÙo ¼ii½ iqjkik"kk.k laLd`fr 10+10
¼iii½ fpf=; 'kSykJ; ¼iv½ xqfgy

2. Write an essay on the 'Ganeshwar Culture'. 20

^x.ks'oj laLd`fr ij ,d ys[k fyf[k;sA
Section- B ¼[k.M ^c^½

3. Write in brief about the struggle of Maharana Pratap against the Mughals. 20
egkjk.kkk izrki ds eqxyksa ds fo:) la?k"kZ ds ckjs esa la{ksi esa fyf[k,A 20

4. Describe the main features of Fort Architecture of Rajasthan. 20

jktLFkku ds nqxZ LFkkiR; dh eq[;k fo'ks"krkvksa dk o.kZu dhft;sA 20

Section- C ¼[k.M ^l^½

5. Describe the basic features of Feudal system in Rajasthan. 20
jktLFkku esa lkeUrokn dh vk/kkjHkwr fo'ks"krkvksa dk o.kZu dhft,A 20

6. Write short notes on any two of the following.

(i) Tribal Movement in Rajasthan
(ii) Social reforms during the English period
(iii) Prajamandal Movements
(iv) Matsya Sangh 10

fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgh nks ij laf{kIr fVIif.k;k¡ fyf[k;s %

i. jktLFkku esa tutkrh; vkUnksyu

ii. fczfV'k dky esa lekt lq/kkj
iii. iztke.My vkUnksyu
iv. eRL; la?k 10
 B.A. (Part I) HISTORY EXAMINATION, 2012

Second Paper
History of Rajasthan (From Earliest Times to 1956 A.D.)

Time Allowed: Three hour Maximum marks : 100

lHkh ¼oLrqfu"B rFkk o.kZukRed ½ iz'uksa ds mŸkj eq[; mÙkj&iqfLrdk esa gh fy[ksAa oLrqfu"B iz'uksa ds
mÙkj iz'uksa ds Øekuqlkj gh nhft,A blh izdkj fdlh Hkh ,d o.kZukRed iz'u ds vUrxZr iwNs x;s
fofHkUu Hkkxksa ds mÙkj] mÙkjiqfLrdk esa vyx&vyx LFkkuksa ij gy djus ds ctk; ,d gh LFkku ij
Øekuqlkj gy djsAa
fdlh Hkh ijh{kkFkhZ dks iwjd mÙkj&iqfLrdk ugha nh tk,xhA vr% ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa dks pkfg, fd os eq[;
mÙkj&iqfLrdk esa gh leLr iz'uksa ds mÙkj lgh <ax ls fy[ksaA

PART-I - OBJECTIVE

Maximum Marks :40

iz'u Øekad 1 ls 20 ¼izR;sd iz'u 1 vad dk gSA½ iz'u Øekad 21&30 ¼izR;sd iz'u 2 vad dk gSa½ bu
iz'uksa ds izR;sd ds mÙkj vf/kdre 20 'kCnksa ls vf/kd ugha gksus pkfg,A 'kCn lhek ls cM+s mÙkj gksus
ij vad dkVs tk ldsx a As
1) If a tourist wants to see the remains of the Ahad Civilization in Rajasthan, he would go to :
(a) Jaipur (b) Jodhpur (c) Jaisalmer (d) Udaipur ( )
;fn dksbZ i;ZVd jktLFkku esa vkgM+ lH;rk ds vo'ks"k ns[kuk pkgs rks og tk;sxk %
¼v½ t;iqj ¼c½ tks/kiqj ¼l½ tSlyesj ¼n½ mn;iqj ( )

2) Ganeshwar site is located :

(a) Chambal (b) Luni (c) Kantli (d) Banas ( )
x.ks'oj iqjkLFky fLFkr gS %
¼v½ pEcy ¼c½ yw.kh ¼l½ dkaVyh ¼n½ cukl ( )

3) The Rajput clan that emerged around Skakambhari was :

(a) Pratihar (b) Gahadwal (c) Chandel (d) Chahman ( )
'kkdEHkjh ds vklikl ftl jktiwr oa'k dk mn; gqvk] og Fkk %
¼v½ izfrgkj ¼c½ xgM+oky ¼l½ pUnsy ¼n½ pkgeku ( )

4) The Ashoka's Inscription is situated in Rajasthan at :

(a) Viratnagar (b) Bhabru (c) Jaipur (d) Jodhpur ( )
v'kksd dk vfHkys[k jktLFkku esa fLFkr gS %
¼v½ fojkVuxj ¼c½ Hkkczw ¼l½ t;iqj ¼n½ tks/kiqj ( )
5) Author of 'Hammir Mahakavya's is :
(a) Jayanak (b) Padmanabha (c) Nayanchandra (d) Veerbhan ( )
^gEehj egkdkO;^ dk ys[kd gS %
¼v½ t;kud ¼c½ in~eukHk ¼l½ u;upUnz ¼n½ ohjHkku ( )

6) The name of the writer of 'Prithviraj Raso' is :

(a) Kaviraj shyamaldas (b) Chand Bardai
(c) Suryamal Mishran (d) Vijai Singh Pathik ( )
^i`Fohjkt jklks^ ds ys[kd dk uke gS %
¼v½ dfojkt ';keynkl ¼c½ PkUncjnkbZ
¼l½ lw;Zey feJ.k ¼n½ fot; flag ifFkd ( )

7) Which city was the capital of Pratihar King Naghbhatta I ?

(a) Mandor (b) Merta
(c) Jodhpur (d) Nagaur ( )
izfrgkj jktk ukxHkÍ izFke dh jkt/kkuh dkSulh uxjh Fkh \
¼v½ e.Mksj ¼c½ esM+rk
¼l½ tks/kiqj ¼n½ ukxkSj ( )

8) Rana sanga defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the battle of :

(a) Panipat (b) Khanwa
(c) Khatauli (d) Gagron ( )
lqYrku bczkghe yksnh dk jk.kk lkaxk us fdl ;q) esa ijkftr fd;k Fkk %
¼v½ ikuhir ¼c½ [kkuok
¼l½ [kkrkSyh ¼n½ xkxjksu ( )

9) The Victory Tower of Chittor was built by :

(a) Rana Pratap (b) Rana sanga
(c) Rana Kumbha (d) Rana Raimal ( )
fpÙkkSM+ dk fot; LrEHk dk fuekZ.k djok;k %
¼v½ jk.kk izrki ¼c½ jk.kk lkaxk
¼l½ jk.kk dqEHkk ¼n½ jk.kk jk;ey ( )

10) Who was the founder of Bisnoi sect ?

(a) Jambhoji (b) Pipa
(c) Dadu (d) Meera ( )
fo'uksbZ lEiznk; ds LkaLFkkid dkSu Fks \
¼v½ tkEHkksth ¼c½ ihik
¼l½ nknw ¼n½ ehjk ( )

11) Main Center of Dadu Sect is :

(a) Bhinmal (b) Pipasar
(c) Narayna (d) Ajmer ( )
nknw iaFk dk eq[; dsUnz gS %
 ¼v½ Hkhueky ¼c½ ihiklj
¼l½ ujk;.kk ¼n½ vtesj ( )

12) Which was the main centre of Sufism in Rajasthan :

(a) Ajmer (b) Jaipur
(c) Jodhpur (d) Udaipur ( )
jktLFkku esa lwQher dk eq[; dsUnz dkSulk Fkk %
¼v½ vtesj ¼c½ t;iqj
¼l½ tks/kiqj ¼n½ mn;iqj ( )

13) Who is called Abul Fazal of Rajputana :

(a) Nainsi (b) Bankidas
(c) Chand Bardai (d) Dayaldas ( )
jktiwrkuk dk vcqy Qty fdls dgk x;k gS %
¼v½ uS.klh ¼c½ ckadhnkl
¼l½ pUncjnk;h ¼n½ n;kynkl ( )

14) The famous architect of Jaipur was:

(a) Mandan (b) Padmakar
(c) Vidyadhar (d) Kriparam ( )
t;iqj uxj dk izfl) okLrqdkj Fkk %
¼v½ e.Mu ¼c½ in~ekdj
¼l½ fo|k/kj ¼n½ d`ikjke ( )

15) Nihal chand is associated with which style of Rajasthani painting :

(a) Mewar (b) Kishangarh
(c) Bundi (d) Kota ( )
fugkypUn jktLFkku dh fdl fp=dyk 'kSyh ls lEcfU/kr gS %
¼v½ esokM+ ¼c½ fd'kux<+
¼l½ cw¡nh ¼n½ dksVk ( )

16) The state which could not have treaty with the East India Company in 1818 was :
(a) Jaipur (b) Bundi
(c) Jodhpur (d) Sirohi ( )
og fj;klr tks 1818 bZ0 esa bZLV bf.M;k dEiuh ls laf/k ugha dj ldk %
¼v½ t;iqj ¼c½ cw¡nh
¼l½ tks/kiqj ¼n½ fljksgh ( )

17) Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded a society in Udaipur, the name of which was :
(a) Arya Samaj (b) Paropakarini Sabha
(c) Izlas Sabha (d) Ram Krishna Mission ( )
Lokeh n;kuUn ljLorh us mn;iqj esa ftl laLFkk dh LFkkiuk dh] mldk uke Fkk %
¼v½ vk;Z lekt ¼c½ ijksidkfj.kh lHkk
¼l½ btykl lHkk ¼n½ jke d`".k fe'ku ( )
18) The original name of Vijai Singh Pathik was :
(a) Raj Singh (b) Bhoop Singh
(c) Baldev Singh (d) Gopal Singh ( )
fot; flag ifFkd dk ewy uke Fkk %
¼v½ jkt flag ¼c½ Hkwi flag
¼l½ cynso flag ¼n½ xksiky flag ( )

19) The resolution to actively support the people's movement in the native principalities was
passed by Congress in :
(a) 1929 Lahore Session (b) 1936 Karachi Session
(c) 1938 Haripura Session (d) None of the above ( )
ns'kh jtokM+ksa dh iztk ds vkUnksyu dks lfØ; leFkZu nsus dk izLrko dkaxzsl us ikfjr fd;k %
¼v½ 1929 ykgkSj vf/kos'ku esa ¼c½ 1936 djkph vf/kos'ku esa
¼l½ 1938 gfjiqjk vf/kos'ku esa ¼n½ mijksDr esa ls dksbZ ugha ( )

20) With which movement is Motilal Tejawat associated :

(a) Kisan Movement (b) Land-Reform Movement
(c) Marwar Hitkarini (d) Bhil Movement ( )
eksrhyky rstkor fdl vkUnksyu ls lEcfU/kr Fks %
¼v½ fdlku vkUnksyu ¼c½ Hkwfe lq/kkj vkUnksyu
¼l½ ekjokM+ fgrdkfj.kh ¼n½ Hkhy vkUnksyu ( )

21) Cultural importance of Ahar. vkgM+ dk lkaLd`frd egÙo A

22) Origin of Rajputs. jktiwrksa dh mRifr A
23) Mention the name of the most famous Khyat writer and his literary works.
lokZf/kd izfl) [;kr ys[kd dk uke o mldh jpuk,aA
24) Write 20 words on Rani Padmini. jkuh in~feuh ij 20 'kCn fyf[k;s A
25) Mention the name of two famous forts of Kumbha's times.
dqEHkkdkyhu nks izfl) nqxksZ ds uke crkb;s A
26) Mention any two teachings of Dadu.
nknw dh fdUgha nks f'k{kkvksa dk mYys[k dhft;sA
27) Auwa in 1857.
1857 bZ0 esa vkÅok
28) Hurda Sammelan
gqjM+k lEesyuA
29) Why did the Rajput rulers made an alliance with the British ? Mention any two reasons.
jktiwr 'kkldksa us vaxzstksa ds lkFk D;ksa lfU/k dh \ fdUgha nks dkj.kksa dk mYys[k dhft,A
30) When was Ajmer-Merwara merged into Rajasthan ?
vtesj&esjokM+k dk jktLFkku esa foy; dc gqvk \
 izR;sd [k.M esa ls ,d iz'u dk p;u djrs gq,] dqy rhu iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,A lHkh iz'uksa ds
vad leku gSaA

PART-II - DESCRIPTIVE

Section- A ¼[k.M ^v^½

1. Critically examine the main sources of Rajasthan History. 20

jktLFkku ds bfrgkl ds eq[; lzksrksa dh vkykspukRed foospuk dhft;s A 20

2. Who were the Gurjara-Pratihars ? Evaluate the achievements of Gurjar-Pratihars kings.5+15

xqtZj izfrgkj dkSu Fks \ xqtZj izfrgkj jktkvksa dh miyfC/k;ksa dk ewY;kdau dhft;s A 15+15

Section- B¼[k.M ^c^½

3. Give a brief account of Alauddin Khilji's conquest of Ranthambhor and jalore.. 10+10
vykmn~nhu f[kyth ds j.kFkEHkkSj vkSj tkyksj fot; dk laf{kIr fooj.k nhft,A 10+10

4. Describe the characteristic features of different schools of Rajput paintings. 20

jktiwr fp=dyk dh fofHkUUk 'kSfy;ksa dh fo'ks"krkvksa dk o.kZu dhft,A 20

Section- C ¼[k.M ^l^½

5. What were the aims of the British Government in establishing their monopoly over salt and
opium trade. 20
vQhe ,oa ued ds O;kikj ij fu;U=.k LFkkfir djus esa fczfV'k ljdkj ds D;k mn~ns'; Fks \ 20

6. Discuss the various stages leading to the formation of Rajasthan. 20

jktLFkku ds fuekZ.k ds fofHkUu pj.kksa dh foospuk dhft;sA 20
 B.A. Part-I Examination, 2013
(History-II Paper)
Time: 2 Hrs. MM: 50

Multiple Choice questions. (10x2)

Q.1 Balathal was excavated by :

(a) B.K. Thapar (b) H.D.Sankaliya (c) V.N. Mishra (d) R.C. Agrawal
ckykFky ds mR[kuudÙkkZ gS %
(a) ch-ds Fkkij (b) ,p-Mh- ladkfy;k (c) oh-,u- feJk (d) vkj-lh- vxzoky

Q.2 Who was the author of ‘Prabandh Kos’ :

(a) Rajshekhar (b) Nyanchand Suri (c) Someshwar (d) Shyamal Das
^izcU/k dks"k^ dk ys[kd dkSu Fkk &
(a) jkt’ks[kj (b) u;upUn lwjh (c) lkses’oj (d) ';keynkl

Q.3 With which culture is Bagor associated :

(a) Neolithic (b) Mesolithic (c) Palaeolithic (d) Chalcolithic
ckxksj fdl laLd`fr ls lEcfU/kr gS &
(a) uoik"kk.k (b) e/;ik"kk.k (c) iqjkik"kk.k (d) rkezik"kk.k

Q.4 Nilkanth is situated in -

(a) Jaipur (b) Bharatpur (c) Alwar (d) Sikar
uhydaB fLFkr gS &
(a) t;iqj (b) Hkjriqj (c) vyoj (d) lhdj

Q.5 The capital of Hammir Deo Chauhan was :

(a) Chittor (b) Amber (c) Ranthambhor (d) Bundi
gEehjnso pkSgku dh jkt/kkuh Fkh &
(a) fpÙkkSM+ (b) vkesj (c) j.kFkEHkkSj (d) cwUnh

Q.6 Earlier city ‘Jangal’ was the name of -

(a) Jodhpur (b) Jaipur (c) Ajmer (d) Bikaner
izkphu 'kgj ^tkaxy^ uke Fkk &
(a) tks/kiqj (b) t;iqj (c) vtesj (d) chdkusj

Q.7 Who is the author of ‘Vanshbhaskara’

(a) Suryamalla Mishran (b) Vidyadhar (c) mandan (d) Keshavdas
oa’kHkkLdj ds ys[kd dkSu gS &
(a) lw;ZeYy feJ.k (b) fo|k/kj (c) eaMu (d) ds’konkl

Q.8 The capital of Kachhvahas during the reign of Swai Jai Singh was -
(a) Jaipur (b) Ajmer (c) Alwar (d) Nagar
lokbZ t;flag ds 'kkludky esa dNokgksa dh jkt/kkuh Fkh &
(a) t;iqj (b) vtesj (c) vyoj (d) uxj
Q.9 With which school of Rajasthani painting ‘Bani-Thani’ is associated -
(a) Bikaner school (b) Marwar school (c) Kishangarh school (d) Jaipur school
jktLFkkuh fp=dyk dh fdl 'kSyh ls ^cuh&Buh^ dk lEcU/k gS &
(a) chdkusj 'kSyh (b) ekjokM+ 'kSyh (c) fd’kux<+ 'kSyh (d) t;iqj 'kSyh

Q.10 Meera was worshipper of -

(a) Rama (b) Shiva (c) Buddha (d) Krishna
ehjk HkDr Fkh &
(a) jke (b) f’ko (c) cq) (d) d`".k

Q.11 Malvas Janpad was located in :

(a) Tonk (b) Jaipur (c) Chittor (d) Bikaner
ekyo tuin clk Fkk &
(a) Vkad
s (b) t;iqj (c) fpÙkkSM+ (d) chdkusj

Q.12 Rana Pratap became the ruler of Mewar in :

(a) 1572 A.D (b) 1576 A.D. (c) 1568 A.D (d) 1570 A.D.
jk.kk izrki esokM+ ds 'kkld cus &
(a) 1572 bZ0 (b) 1576 bZ0 (c) 1568 bZ0 (d) 1570 bZ0

Q.13 Which was the first Modern Newspaper to be published from Rajasthan -
(a) Rajasthan Kesri (b) Tyagbhumi (c) Naveen Rajasthan (d) Rajputana Gazette
jktLFkku ls izdkf’kr gksus okyk igyk vk/kqfud lekpkj i= dkSulk Fkk&
(a) jktLFkku dsljh (b) R;kxHkwfe (c) uohu jktLFkku (d) jktiqrkuk xtV

Q.14 In which year was the battle of Haldi-Ghati fought -

(a) 1577 A.D. (b) 1582 A.D (c) 1576 A.D. (d) 1572 A.D.
gYnh?kkVh dk ;q) dc yM+k x;k Fkk &
(a) 1577 bZ- (b) 1582 bZ- (c) 1576 bZ- (d) 1572 bZ-

Q.15 Which was the first state to declare the practice of sati illegal :
(a) Kota. (b) Bundi (c) Ajmer (d) Jalore
lrh izFkk dks xSj&dkuwuh ?kksf"kr djus okyk igyk jkT; dkSulk Fkk&
(a) dksVk (b) cwna h (c) vtesj (d) tkykSj

Q.16 Which of these Praja Mandals was led by Gokul Bhai -

(a) Banswara (b) Sirohi (c) Dungarpur (d) Mewar
fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdl iztke.My dk usr`Ro xksdqy HkkbZ us fd;k &
(a) ckalokM+k (b) fljksgh (c) Mwaxjiqj (d) esokM+

Q.17 The Bundi Praja Mandal was established in -

(a) 1935 A.D. (b) 1936 A.D. (c) 1932 A.D. (d) 1931 A.D.
cwUnh iztke.My dh LFkkiuk dc gqbZ &
(a) 1935 bZ- (b) 1936 bZ- (c) 1932 bZ- (d) 1931 bZ-
Q.17 The Bundi Praja Mandal was established in -
(a) 1935 A.D. (b) 1936 A.D. (c) 1932 A.D. (d) 1931 A.D.
cwUnh iztke.My dh LFkkiuk dc gqbZ &
(a) 1935 bZ- (b) 1936 bZ- (c) 1932 bZ- (d) 1931 bZ-

Q.18 Marwar Lok Parishad was formed in -

(a) May, 1938 (b) May, 1939 (c) June 1938 (d) March, 1939
ekjokM+ yksd ifj"kn dk xBu fd;k x;k Fkk&
(a) ebZ] 1938 (b) ebZ] 1939- (c) twu] 1938 (d) ekpZ 1939

Q.19 Who is the author of Marwar-ra- Pargana-ri-Vigat-

(a) Bankidas (b) Shyamal Das (c) Muhnot Nainsi (d) Mandan
ekjokM+&jk&ijxuk&jh&foxr ds ys[kd dkSu Fks &
(a) ckadhnkl (b) ';keynkl (c) eqg.kksr uS.klh (d) e.Mu

Q.20 Sursagar Lake is situated in -

(a) Bundi (b) Kota (c) Jaipur (d) Amber
lwjlkxj >hy fLFkr gS &
(a) cwUnh (b) dksVk (c) t;iqj (d) vkesj

Q.21 Importance of Rangmahal -

jaxegy dk egÙo A

Q.22 Mention any four branches of Guhils.

xqfgyksa dh fdUgha pkj 'kk[kkvksa dk mYys[k dhft,A

Q.23 Vakil Reports

odhy fjiksVZ

Q.24 What do you know about ‘Chavari’ ? -

^pojh^ ds ckjs esa vki D;k tkurs gS \

Q.25 Seth Jamanalal Bajaj

lsB teukyky ctkt

Q.26 Ram Narayan Choudhary

jkeukjk;.k pkS/kjh

Q.27 Mention the names of any four ‘Poles’ of Kumbhalgarh fort.

dqEHkyx<+ fdys ds dksbZ pkj njoktksa ¼iksy½ dk ukeksYys[k dhft,A

Q.28 Nagaridas
ukxjhnkl

Q.29 Sagarmal Gopa

lkxjey xksik
Q.30 Nimuchana Kand
uhewpkuk dk.M

PART-II (DESCRIPTIVE)
Maximum marks :60
Attempt three questions, selecting one question from each Section. All questions
carry equal marks.
izR;sd [k.M esa ls ,d iz’u dk p;u djrs gq,] dqy rhu iz’u gy dhft,A lHkh iz’uksa ds vad leku gSaA
Section -A
[k.M&v
1. Write short notes on any two of the following :

(i) Ganeshwar culture

(ii) Kalibanga
(iii) Ranthambhor
(iv) Kishangarh school of painting 10+10

fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgh nks ij laf{kIr fVIif.k;k¡ fyf[k, &

(i) x.ks’oj laLd`fr
(ii) dkyh caxk
(iii) j.kFkEHkkSj
(iv) fd’kux<+ fp=dyk 'kSyh 10+10

2. Critically examine the different opinions regarding the origin of Rajputs.

jktiwrksa dh mRifÙk ds fo"k; esa fofHkUu erksa dh vkykspukRed foospuk dhft,A 20

Section -B
[k.M&c
3. Discuss the achievements of Maharana Sanga
egkjk.kk lkaxk dh miyfC/k;ksa dk foospu dhft,A 20

4. Discuss the role of Durgadas in the war of Independence fought by the Rathors of Marwar
against the Mughals.
eqxyksa ds fo:) ekjokM+ ds jkBkSM+ksa }kjk yM+s x;s Lora=rk laxzke esa nqxkZnkl dh Hkwfedk dh foospuk
dhft,A 20

Section -C
[k.M&l
5. Describe administrative and social changes in Rajasthan after 1818 A.D.
jktLFkku eas 1818 bZ- ds ckn gq, iz’kklfud ,oa lkekftd ifjorZuksa dh O;k[;k dhft,A 20

4. Give an account of the origin and the growth of the Praja Mandal Movement in Mewar.
esokM+ esa iztke.My vkUnksyu ds mn~Hko vkSj fodkl dk fooj.k nhft,A 20