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Muïc tieâu:
1. Caùc loïai ARN
http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/al-saleh/Pictures%20Library/Forms/DispForm.aspx?ID=20
-Maïch ñôn
polynucleotid
-Ñöôøng
ribose (5C)
-Base nitô: A,
G, C, U
Đường ribose
Ñöôøng ribose
Uracil
Khaùc bieät giöõa ARN vaø ADN
Ñöôøng ribose
Base nitơ
ARN ADN
Sôïi ñôn Sôïi ñoâi
Pre-rARN
Ribosom
1. 1 hay 2 rARN
2. Nhieàu pt protein
nhoû
http://web.virginia.edu/Heidi/chapter11/chp11.htm
Caáu taïo ribosom
http://www.wadsworth.org/rvbc/ribosome.htm
Hình aûnh khoâng gian 2 chieàu cuûa Hình aûnh khoâng gian 3 chieàu cuûa
ribosom E. coli ribosom E. coli
Ribosom của E. coli
Hình chuïp ribosom cuûa E. coli döôùi kính hieån vi ñieän töû
(maøu vaøng: tieåu ñôn vò 30S; maøu xanh: tieåu ñôn vò 50S)
Ribosom
http://www.molecularexpressions.com/cells/ribosomes/ribosomes.html
Vai trò của ribosom
o Rieâng leû
o Töï do
Ribosom
http://web.virginia.edu/Heidi/chapter12/chp12.htm
Caáu truùc rARN:
Nhaân
nguyeân thuûy
OH
Nhaân thaät
Pre-rARN teá baøo nhaân thaät
http://departments.oxy.edu/biology/Stillman/bi221/111500/RNA_modification.htm
Pre-rARN
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=mcb&part=A2975
Pre-rARN
http://www.bx.psu.edu/~ross/workmg/RNAProcessingCh12.htm
tARN
tARN
tARN
Ñaëc ñieåm chung cuûa tARN:
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com:8100/legacy/college/boyer/0471661791/structure/tRNA/trna.htm
Caáu truùc tARN
http://web.virginia.edu/Heidi/chapter12/chp12.htm
Caáu truùc tARN:
Caùc caëp base coù theå khoâng theo trình töï boå
sung
3. Ñuoâi CCA: trình töï CCA taïi 3’ giuùp enzym nhaän
bieát tARN khi dòch maõ
5. Voøng ñoái maõ: goàm 5 caëp base ñoái maõ. Moãi tARN
mang 1 boä ba ñoái maõ ñaëc hieäu cuûa 1 hay nhieàu
codon maõ hoaù cho 1 aa
http://biology.kenyon.edu/courses/biol114/Chap05/Chapter05.html
tARN
http://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/trna.htm
Caáu truùc khoâng gian tARN
http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/gene/mol_gen.htm
Caáu truùc khoâng gian tARN
Pre-tARN
Pre-tARN
ARN Mg++
RNase
Protein
tARN
Pre-tARN
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=genomes&part=A7302
Pre-tARN
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=genomes&part=A7302
Pre-tARN
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=mcb&part=A2975
Aminoacyl hoùa
Aminoacyl tARN synthetase
tARN + aminoacyl
http://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb2/part1/trna.htm
Formyl hoùa tARN môû ñaàu (nhaân nguyeân
thuûy)
Gaén ribosom
Gaén yeáu toá noái daøi
Nhoùm amino cuûa aa vò trí A xeáp thaúng haøng
vôùi nhoùm carboxyl cuûa aa vò trí P
Enzym xuùc taùc pö laø peptidyl transferase – 1
thaønh phaàn cuûa tieåu ñôn vò lôùn ribosom
Nhaän dieän codon-anticodon
mARN
http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/transcription/tcproc.html
mARN
mARN
5’
3’
mARN
5’ 3’
mARN
Caáu truùc mARN: goàm 3 phaàn
1. Ñoïan 5’ khoâng maõ hoùa
2. Vuøng maõ hoùa
3. Ñoïan 3’ khoâng maõ hoùa
Cap 0
http://8e.devbio.com/article.php?id=37&search=translational
Giai ñoaïn muõ hoùa mARN nhaân thaät
Sn ARN, Sc ARN
Sn ARN + protein ñaëc hieäu snRNP
Sc ARN + protein ñaëc hieäu scRNP
Vai troø snRNPø: bieán pre-ARN ARN
U1-U2
hnARN mARN
snRNP
U3
Pre-rARN rARN
http://www.bx.psu.edu/~ross/workmg/RNAProcessingCh12.htm
Cô cheá caét noái ARN
http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/mrnasplicing/spliceosome.htm
Spliceosom
Caét noái nhôø spliceosome
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=rv&part=A2005
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=mboc4&part=A972
Phaûn öùng caét noái: goàm 3 giai ñoaïn chính
Giai ñoaïn 1: vò trí cho bò caét, ñaàu 5’ gaén vaøo vò trí
nhaùnh cuûa intron baèng lieân keát 5’-2’ phosphodiester
taïo sôïi ñoâi taïm thôøi.
Giai ñoaïn 2: vò trí nhaän bò caét, caùc exon ñöôïc noái laïi,
intron bò loaïi boû khoûi sôïi ñoâi.
Giai ñoaïn 3: sôïi ñoâi bò “beû nhaùnh” vaø thoaùi hoaù
1 ARN Cis-splicing
PHAÛN ÖÙNG CAÉT
NOÁI Giöõa caùc ARN Trans-splicing
Cis vaø trans - splicing
Antisense ARN
Vai troø antisense ARN
miARN (microARN)