c.

Elastic shortening (ES)

Elastic shortening refers to the shortening of the concrete as the posttensioning force is applied.
As the concrete shortens, the tendon length also shortens, resulting in a loss of prestress. The
following simplified equation to estimate the appropriate amount of prestress loss to attribute
to elastic shortening for member with bonded tendons :
ES = Kes*Es*fcir/Ecl
Where :
Kes = 0,50 for post-tensioned members when tendon are tensioned in sequential order to the
same tendon
Es = Elastic Modulus fo tendon material
Ecl = Elastic modulus of the concrete at the time of prestress transfer
Fcir = concrete stress at the center of gravity of prestressing tendons due to prestressing force
at transfer and the self weight at the member at the section of maximum positive moment.
Assumption losses due ES 2,91 %
Pf = total prestressing force at release
Pf = 68,9% - 2,91% = 66,2% UTS x nos x Aps = 16738,404 kN
Fcir = Pi / A + Pi*ec2/I+Mg*ec/I
Fcir = N/mm2
So, ES = 54,12 N/mm2, percent actual ES losses = ES/fpu = 2,91% equal with losses assumption
2. Losses of Prestress (Long Term)
d. Shrinkage (SH)
SH = 8,2*e-6*K?sh*Es*(1-0,06*V/S)*(100-RH) (ACI 318-95, Chapt.18,6)
SH = 30, 29