HERRERA

  1  
SY  2015-­‐2016  
CIVIL  PROCEDURE  
Modes  of  Discovery  
Judge  Wagan  Lecture  Notes  
 
Pre-­‐Trial   Rule  19  Intervention  
-­‐if  they  have  availed  the  modes  of  discovery   A   third   person   wants   to   be   a   part   of   the   case  
-­‐manifest  if  they  avail  the  remedies  on  judgment  on   because  he  has  a  legal  interest  in  the  subject  matter  
pleadings  or  dismiss  the  case   of   the   case,   joins   plaintiff,   defendant   or   against  
What  happens  after?     both.  Legal  interest  must  be  actual  or  existing  right  
Pre-­‐trial  order   at  the  time  he  filed  the  pleadin  in  intervention.  He  
-­‐Contains  what  has  been  discussed  during  trial   is   the   party   who   wants   to   make   sawsaw.   This   is   the  
-­‐Indicates   the   trial   dates   to   be   scheduled   in   opposite  of  a  third  party  complaint.    
advanced    
-­‐controls   the   final   proceedings,   it   does   away   the   Complaint  in  intervention-­‐plaintiff  
facts   that   have   been   admitted.   They   only   have   to   Answer  in  intervention-­‐defendant  
present   witnesses/documents   that   have   been   Complaint  in  intervention-­‐both  
marked  during  pre  trial.      
  How   many   days?   15   days   to   file   an   answer   is   akin  
Compromise,  immediately  executory  subject  to  the   to  a  complaint  it  must  comply  with  rule  7  and  8.  It  
terms  as  agreed  upon  by  the  parties.     is   an   initiatory   pleading   including   payment   of  
  docket  fees,    
AM  03109-­‐SC  (2004)    
Rule   that   requires   the   holding   of   preliminary   Who   may   intervene?     Party   who   wants   to   make  
conference-­‐a   conference   before   the   pre   trial   sawsaw  
conducted  by  the  clerk  of  court.   When   can   he   intervene?   Any   time   before   the  
Purpose:   to   mark   their   respective   documentary   or   rendition  of  judgment  
object  evidence,  stipulate  facts  and  to  also,  manifest    
settlement.  So  that  the  pre  trial  will  be  expedited.     To  comply  with  rule  15,  I  the  motion  seeks  to  admit  
Matters   in   the   preliminary   conference   will   be   a  pleading,  what  is  the  rule  15?  Pleader  must  attach  
stated  in  the  minutes.     the  pleading  sought  to  be  admitted.  File  motion  and  
  admit  complaint  in  intervention  as  attachment.    
What   should   be   submitted   before   pre   trial?   Pre    
trial  brief.     Are  there  instances  where  the  court  will  not  grant?  
Sanction   if   he   did   not   file   pre   trial   brief?   As   if   he   1. cause  delay  
does  not  appear  during  pre  trial.  Mandatory.     2. cause  prejudice  to  the  rights  of  the  parties  
Contain?  All  those  matters  that  have  been  taken  up   including   cause   prejudice   to   the   rights   of  
during  pre  trial.     plaintiff  and  defendant  
You   have   to   take   into   consideration,   you   need   to   3. assessing   the   situation,   it   is   better   to   be  
submit   judicial   affidavit.   Affidavit   must   be   filed  in  a  separate  case  
submitted,  at  least  5  days  before  pre  trial.  You  will    
not   be   allowed   to   present   a   witness   if   he   did   not   Rule  20  Calendar  of  Cases  
comply  with  judicial  affidavit  rule.      
  Who’s  duty?  Branch  clerk  or  clerk  of  court  
Before    preliminary  conference   Priority:    
1.  affidavits  of  witnesses   Habeas  corpus  
2.  pre  trial  brief    (3  days  before)   Writ  of  Amparo  
  Election  cases    
Section  1    
It  is  the  duty  of  plaintiff  to  move  ex  parte  to  set  the   Rule  21  Subpoena  
case  for  trial.     3kinds:    
Remedy?  Defendant  may  file  a  motion  to  dismiss  on   1.  Ad  testificandum  –appear  and  testify  
the  ground  to  failure  to  comply  with  rules  of  court.   2.  Duces  tecum-­‐  to  produce  
Why?   Duty   of   plaintiff   to   move   to   set   the   case   for   3.   Duces   tecum   ad   testificandum-­‐   to   testify   on   the  
trial.   Which   is   better?   Failure   to   prosecute   for   an   document  he  produced;  bank  representatives  
unreasonable   length   of   time.   However,   AM   03109,    
If   the   plaintiff   cannot   move,   clerk   will   have   to   set   Exceptions:    
the  case.     Public   documents   –they   do   not   need   to   be  
  authenticated;  prima  facie  evidence  of  the  contents  
In   criminal   cases,   preliminary   conference   is   also   therein  
required.     RA  10591  firearms  and  ammunitions    
 
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SY  2015-­‐2016  
Evidence:  certification  from  firearms  that  he  is  not   Why?   He   cannot   in   the   meantime   file   an   action   so  
licensed  to  carry  firearms   he  wants  to  preserve  the  testimony  
  2.   Allege   the   subject   matter,   matter   that   has   to   be  
Subpoena   is   a   process   to   compel   attendance.   It’s   a   preserved  and  subject  the  taking  of  depositions.  
process  to  produce     3.  Names  of  the  would  be,  adverse  parties.    
   
It  may  be  oral  or  in  writing   Depositions  are  testimonial  evidence  
   
Can   a   subpoena   be   quashed?     Yes   when   the   Pending  Appeal  
purpose   is   to   harass   the   witness   or   when   the   For  further  proceedings  
matter   to   be   testified   on   by   the   person   is   not   Rule  23  During  action  
material  or  irrelevant  to  the  case.     There  is  already  a  case  filed  in  court  
  What  is  peculiar  about  this?  Recall  Rule  10.  Plaintiff  
Proper   time>   pretrial   or   before   presentation   of   may  amend  the  complain  as  a  matter  of  right,  
witness   Rule   23   proponent   may   move   the   deposition   with  
  leave   of   court,   when   answer   is   filed.   Baliktad   ang  
Instances   no   need   to   issue   subpoena:   bring   own   nangyayari.   Basic,   when   presenting   a   testimony   in  
witnesses   evidence,   is   a   prerogative   of   the   court.   You   cannot  
  present   a   party   from   presenting   testimonials.  
In   subpoena   duces   tecum,   availed   of   in   lieu   of   Before   answer   is   filed,   there   is   still   no   assurance,  
modes  of  discovery  to  inspect  documents   that   the   case   will   go   to   trial.   Why?   No   answer   yet.  
  So,   if   issues   have   not   been   joined,   not   prerogative  
How   will   you   serve   subpoena?   Same   as   Service   of   of   plaintiff   to   present   evidence.   They   need   to   ask  
Summons  (not  as  strict  as  summons)     permission.   However,   if   anser   is   filed,   issues   are  
  now   joined,   go   to   trial   because   there   are   issues   to  
Criminal  Cases   be   resolved.   It   becomes   a   prerogative,   they   now  
No   specific   rule   on   subpoena,   RoC   same   for   have   the   right   to   ask   the   court   to   issue   process   to  
criminal  and  civil   compel   attendance,   ask   court   that   they   be   allowed  
We  send  the  subpoena  to  police  stations   to  take  a  deposition.  Leave  of  court  before  answer.  
Police   Officers   who   will   serve   subpoena   for   Baliktad.    
witnesses  for  prosecution    
  2  kinds  of  depositions/manifested  either:  
Civil  Cases   1. Oral  examination  
Personal  and  substituted     2. Written  interogatorries  
Registered  mail    
Party  requesting:  personal  at  his  expense   The   best   thing   to   do   is   present   witness   in   court   to  
  observe  the  demeanor  during  trial  to  calibrate.    
Subpoena   for   deponents   who   will   be   subjected   of    
taking  the  deposition  under  Rule  23  and  24   What  are  those  instances  to  take  depostions?  
  1. Sick  or  Hospitalized  
Rule  23  is  deposition  during  action   2. More  than  100km  away  
Rule  24  before  action  or  pending  appeal    
-­‐Rule  134  before     Before   a   judge,   notary   public,   parties   so   agree   in  
  writing,   person   who   may   be   authorized   to  
Rule  24  Pending  action   administer   oath:   clerk   of   court   in   the   rtc   of   the  
Purpose:   to   preserve   or   perpetuate   his   own   place,  mayor  provided  they  are  members  of  the  bar  
testimony   or   that   of   another   person   whom   he    
thinks   that   testimony   is   essential   in   the   event   that   What  are  those  matters  can  be  asked?  
he  will  file  an  action.  Baka  mamatay  na  ito,  hindi  pa   Material  relevant  facts  excluding  privilege  matters    
siya  nakakafile  ng  action   upon  oral,  person  designated  to  take  deposition  
  Who  will  be  present?  
What  is  the  procedure?   Proponent,   counsel   and   opposing   counsel,  
Proponent  files  a  verified  petition.  This  is  a  rule  to   defendant  
have  the  petition  verified.     Form:   question   and   answer   and   recorded   by   a  
What  is  special  feature  under  this  rule?     stenographer  
Once   filed,   he   will   have   to   set   the   petition   for   Objections:  note  the  objections  
hearing.     Even   in   the   absence   of   adverse   party,   yes.  
What  mus  be  contained?   Deposition  will  proceed.  It  can  be  used  against  him.  
1.   He   wants   to   take   his   own   testimony   or   that   of   For   the   purpose   of   impeaching   a   witness,  
another  person   contradict  the  testimony.  It  does  not  follow  that  he  
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SY  2015-­‐2016  
is   compelled   to   use   that,   he   may   decide   not   to   use   1. Production   of   documents   –   medical  
it.     records,  employment  records  
  Under  rules  of  evidence,  possession  adverse  party,  
Cross   examination?   Did   not   appear:   waived   the   request   the   adverse   party.   Remedy?   You   ask   be  
right   directed   to   produce.   If   does   not   comply,   you   be  
Not   notified,   the   taking   proceeded,cannot   be   used   allowed   to   make   use   of   the   copy.   It   maybe   against  
against  him   other  persons  in  possession  of  documents.    
  2. Inspection  of  things  
Written  interoggatories   Ocular  inspection.  You  need  to  expect  the  property.    
File   a   motion   that   he   be   allowed   depositions    
through  written   How?   File   a   motion   to   inspect.   You   may   resort   to  
Attached  to  motion,  questions  to  be  asked  on  direct   subpoena   duces   tecum.   It   can   be   either.   To  
written  interrogatories   inexpect,  you  need  to  file  a  motion.  We  can  inspect  
10   days   to   file   cross   written   interrogatories,   goods   inside,   anything.   But   if   customs   or  
questions  on  cross   videogram,  they  can  do  that  and  allowed  under  the  
plaintiff  will  have  5  days  to  file  redirect   law.    
if   defendant   so   desires,   3   days   for   recross   Physical  and  mental  examination  
interrogatories.   It   will   be   given   to   the   officer,   siya   Annulment  cases  when  the  ground  is  PI  
magtatanong   Mental  examination  
compared  to  oral:  lawyers  will  ask     Physical   examination   when   he   is   sick   or   physical  
They   can   object   within   the   period   provided.   Can   injuries  
they   ask   to   prevent   witness   from   questions   which   These  are  modes  of  acquiring  facts.  What  are  to  be  
are   insulting?   Apply   to   court   which   granted   the   discovered?   Facts.   Help   to   resolve   issues   of   facts.  
taking  of  depositions   To   aide   the   prompt   disposition   of   the   case.     This  
  should  have  been  made  prior  to  trial.    
After,   the   officer   has   duty   to   submit   the   answers    
together  with  questions   to  parties  and  to  court  and   What  are  the  sanctions?  Rule  29.  
they  have  the  power  to  use  it  or  not  to  use  it.     Refuses   to   answer?   Cited   in   contempt.   Direct  
  contempt.   If   he   refuses   to   abide   the   subpoena,  
To  compel  the  defendant,  subpoena   indirect.    
Proponent  to  set  time  and  date  for  deposition   Failure  to  comply  with  any  modes?  Stricken  off  the  
So   that   he   will   know   in   advance   when   it   will   record.    
happen.   Are  these  available  to  both  criminal  and  civil?  Yes.    
  Admission  to  party,  will  not  apply  in  criminal.  Right  
Rule  25     to  confront  the  witness  face  to  face.    
Interrogatories  of  parties    
Addressed  to  the  adverse  party    
When   may   a   party   avail   this?   After   answer   is    
served  to  the  other  party    
Purpose:   to   illicit   material   and   relevant   facts    
provided  they  are  subject  matter  of  the  controversy    
   
How  many  days  to  answer?  15  days    
Can  he  object?  Yes  within  15  days    
Effect  if  he  won’t  answer?  Court  compel  to  answer    
   
Admission   of   party   is   different,   request   for    
admission.   Also   made   by   a   party   towards   the    
adverse,   subject   matter?   Genuineness   of   a    
document   or   the   truth   of   a   fact   relevant   and    
material  in  the  issue      
How  many  days  to  answer?  15  days  to  answer.  Rule    
is  stringent  under  rule  26.      
   
Consequence   if   the   party   does   not   avail?   He   will    
lose  the  right  to  oppose.        
   
Rule  27    
   
Two  ways