Arias, Rica Fatima Charlene E.

1. Drug testing cannot be given to a minor without any parental consent. It is one of the
responsibilities of the law enforcement officer, that during initial investigation, he/she
must contact the authorized guardian, child’s counsel of choice, or if not present, the
Public Attorney’s Office or the local social welfare to be present while taking the child’s
statement or in consenting to certain procedures.
SEC. 20. Children Below the Age of Criminal Responsibility. - If it has been determined
that the child taken into custody is fifteen (15) years old or below, the authority which
will have an initial contact with the child has the duty to immediately release the child
to the custody of his/her parents or guardian, or in the absence thereof, the child's
nearest relative.

2. Specimen dilution may be caused by drinking plenty of water, by taking Lasix, tea,
beer, and on this case, coffee. A dilute specimen, by definition, is a urine specimen
that has a creatinine of greater than 5 mg/dl or less than 20 g/dl and a specific gravity
is less than 1.0010 (or greater than 1.0200). These 2 tests are routinely performed on
every urine sample that is tested at the Lab. If the specimen meets the above 2 criteria,
it is reported as a "Dilute specimen". When a urine specimen is "dilute", it is possible
that drugs in their system may not be detected.

3. The “EtG” Urine Alcohol Test detects ethyl glucuronide in the urine, which confirms
alcohol ingestion as long as 3-4 days prior, or about 80 to 90 hours after the liver
metabolizes alcohol.The EtG test has become known as the “80 hour test” for
detecting any amount of consumed ethyl alcohol recently. EtG has emerged as the
test of choice for alcohol and due to the accuracy of this technology and is now
routinely available. EtG’s presence in urine may be used to detect recent alcohol
consumption, even after ethanol is no longer measurable using other methods. The
presence of EtG in urine is a definitive indicator that alcohol was ingested recently.

The result may be expected as "High" positive EtG test (for example, >1,000ng/mL)
which may indicate
 Heavy drinking on the same day or the previous day
 Light drinking on the same day as the test

Yes it can be used against him because according to REPUBLIC ACT No. 10586
(AN ACT PENALIZING PERSONS DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF
ALCOHOL, DANGEROUS DRUGS, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES)
Section 5. Punishable Act. – It shall be unlawful for any person to drive a motor vehicle
while under the influence of alcohol, dangerous drugs and/or other similar substances.