Name: Catangay, Marie Antoinette P.

Date performed: March 8, 2018

Garcia, Jonan Date submitted: March 15, 2018
Section: 3-ChEB Group No.: 4

Experiment no. 6
VARIATION OF CONDUCTANCE WITH CONCENTRATION

I. Treatment of Results

Table 1. Conductance of HCl

Water G Con'c ∆m
Mixture added (mS) (mol/dm^3) k (S/cm) (S•cm^2/mol) c^ 1/2

1 0 5.9 0.05 0.003041023 60.82046 0.223606798

2 5 5.14 0.042857143 0.002649298 61.81695333 0.207019668

3 10 6.71 0.0375 0.00345852 92.2272 0.193649167

4 15 7 0.033333333 0.003607994 108.23982 0.182574186

5 25 6.02 0.027272727 0.003102875 113.7720833 0.165144565

 Getting the k constant:

k = ∆m•c

𝑐𝑚2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 1𝐿
k = (128.96 )(0.05 𝑥 )
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 1000𝑐𝑚3

k= 0.006448 S/cm

 Getting the A/l constant:

𝐴 𝐴 𝐺
G=k 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒, =
𝑙 𝑙 𝑘

𝐴 12.51 𝑚𝑆
= = 1.94013648 cm
𝑙 0.006448 𝑆/𝑐𝑚
 ∆m vs c
300

∆m (S cm^2/mol) 250

200

150
HCl
100 Acetic Acid

50

0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
c (mmol/dm^3)

Figure 1. Molar conductivity vs. Concentration of HCl and Acetic Acid

∆m vs c^1/2
140
120
100
80 y = -1055.8x + 292.63
∆m

R² = 0.8907
60
40
20
0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
c^1/2

Figure 2. Molar Conductivity vs. Square root of Concentration of HCl

𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝t: Λ°𝑚 = 292.6

Accepted Value: Λ°𝑚= 𝑣_+λ_++ 𝑣_−λ_−

= ((1)(34.96 (𝑚𝑆 𝑚^2)/𝑚𝑜𝑙)+(−1)(7.63 (𝑚𝑆 𝑚^2)/𝑚𝑜𝑙))
Λ°𝑚=27.33 (𝑚𝑆 𝑚^2)/𝑚𝑜𝑙
Table 2. Conductance of Acetic Acid

Water G Con'c ∆m
Mixture added (mS) (mmol/dm^3) k (S/cm) (S•cm^2/mol) 1/∆m ∆m • c

1 0 20.8 0.1 0.0107209 107.20895 0.009327579 10.720895

2 5 18.92 0.085714286 0.00975189 113.7720617 0.008789504 9.751891

3 10 27.1 0.075 0.01396809 186.2412 0.005369381 13.96809

4 15 25.1 0.066666667 0.01293723 194.05851 0.005153085 12.937234

5 25 26.2 0.054545455 0.01350421 247.5770917 0.004039146 13.504205

1/∆m vs ∆m•c y = -0.0012x + 0.0209

R² = 0.8427
0.01

0.008

0.006
1/∆m

0.004

0.002

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
∆m • c

Figure 3. Reciprocal of molar conductivity vs. K

 Solving for Ka:

∆m = 128.96
Where: c = 0.1
= 0.02
Ka = ?
  Getting Δ°m from intercept:

(Δ𝑚 𝐶(/)𝐾𝑎(𝛥°𝑚)^2)=0.020
𝛥°𝑚 = 25.39 Ka

 Getting Ka from slope:

(1)/(25.39 𝐾𝑎)=−0.001

Ka= - 0.02539

 Getting the percentage difference:

Actual value = -0.02539 % difference = 50.00%

Expected Value= 1.8x10-5

Table 3. Volume of NaOH added to HCl

NaOH added (mL) Conductance(mS)

0 25.8
0.1 26.3
0.2 25.3
0.3 26.4
0.4 26.6
0.6 26.7
0.7 26.1
1 25.4
1.2 24.3
1.4 24.5
1.7 20.8
1.9 22.8
2.5 21.8
3 19.17
3.3 27.9
3.5 18.01
3.8 17.82
 4 17.28
4.5 16.39
5 15.52
5.3 19.8
5.5 21.9
6 13.84
6.3 15.1
6.5 19.29
7 17.43
7.5 17.99
8 17.06
8.3 15.4
8.5 10.55
9.1 9.86
9.5 14.51
10 12.74
10.5 13.85
11 12.49
11.5 12
12.2 10.61
12.6 10.58
13.1 10.13
13.6 9.39
14.1 8.92
14.6 8.85
15.5 7.39
16.2 6.35
17 6.92
18.1 7.69
19 8.14
20.2 8.75
21.5 9.34
23.1 10.05
25 10.77
27 11.48
28.5 11.99
30 12.41
 Conductance vs NaOH added
30

25
Conductance

20

15

10

0
0 5 10 15 20 25

NaOH added

Figure 4. Conductance vs. volume of NaOH added

II. Answers to Questions / Discussion Points:

1. Compare the curves obtained in the treatment of results
- Molar conductivity increases as the concentration decreases as shown in
Figures 1 and 2. The molar conductivity of strong electrolyte (HCl) increases
slowly with dilution. Weak electrolyte, such as acetic acid, has a low degree of
dissociation at higher concentration and has lower molar conductivity.

2. What are the ions present before titration? What are the ions present in the
middle of titration and what are the ions present after the end point has been
reached?
- The hydronium ions [H+] are present in the analyte before titration. It reacts
with hydroxide ions [OH-] as you add the base. While adding more OH-in the
analyte, the conductance decreases which will result later on to the equivalence
point. At the end point, the ions only preset are the hydroxide ions and NaCl.
III. References

[1] Atkins, P.W. Physical Chemistry 10th ed., Oxford University Press 2014

[2] Skoog, D.A. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry 9th ed., Cengage Learning Asia
Pte Ltd 2016