Lower 6 Physics Holiday Work

Chapert 1 Physical Quantities And Units

1.1 Basic quantities and SI units

1.2 Dimensions of physical quantities
1. Determine (i)the dimension and (ii) the corresponding SI units of the following quantities
(a) volume (e) force (mass × acceleration) (i) energy (e.g., gravitational
potential energy = mgh = mass ×
(b) density (mass/volume) (f) pressure (force/area)
gravitational acceleration ×
(c) velocity (g) work (in 1-D, force × distance) height)
(d) acceleration (velocity/time) (h) square root of area

1.3 Scalars and vectors

1. What is the difference between scalar quantities and vector quantities?
2. Define the negative of a vector.
3. Describe a unit vector.
4. If a scalar product of a vector is zero, what does this means?
5. If a cross (vector) product is cero, what does this means?
6. Can the resultant of two vectors have cero magnitude? If so, give an example. Figure 2
7. Find the x & y components of the vector in Figure 1.
8. In Figure 2, find the resultant vector & and it direction.
9. Vector A is 3 meters long on the x-axis. Vector B is 2 meters long on the North
axis. Find the dot product both ways.
10. A is 3 meters long directed due west. B is 2 meters long directed due east.
Find (a) dot product (b) vector product of both ways.
11. A is 3 meters long directed due east. B is 2 meters long with a direction of
Northeast. Find (a) dot product (b) vector product of both ways.
Figure 2
1.4 Uncertainties in measurements
1. Express the following results in proper rounded (c) (2.95 ± 0.03) x 108 m/s and 3.00 x 108 m/s
form, x ± x. 3. Calculate z and z for each of the following cases.
(a) m = 14.34506 grams, m = 0.04251 grams. (a) z = (x - 2.5 y + w) for x = (4.72 ± 0.12) m, y =
(b) t = 0.02346 sec, t = 1.623 x 10-3sec. (4.4 ± 0.2) m, w = (15.63 ± 0.16) m.

(c) M = 7.35 x 1022kg, M = 2.6 x 1020kg. (b) z = (w x/y) for w = (14.42 ± 0.03) m/s2, x =
(3.61 ± 0.18) m, y = (650 ± 20) m/s.
(d) m = 9.11 x 10-33 kg, m = 2.2345 x 10-33kg
(c) z = x3 for x = (3.55 ± 0.15) m.
2. Are the following numbers equal within the
(d) z = v (xy + w) with v = (0.644 ± 0.004) m, x =
expected range of values? (3.42 ± 0.06) m, y = (5.00 ± 0.12) m, w
(a) (3.42 ± 0.04) m/s and 3.48 m/s? = (12.13 ± 0.08) m2.
(b) (13.106 ± 0.014) grams and 13.206 grams? (e) z = A sin y for A = (1.602 ± 0.007) m/s, y =
(0.774 ± 0.003) rad.
4. For each of the following, convert the measurement 7. I measure a length with a meter stick which has a
into the given units and give your answer in least count of 1 mm I measure the length 5 times
standard scientific notation with results in mm of 123, 123, 124, 123, 123 mm.
(a) 640 m = ____mm What is the average length and the uncertainty in
(b) 10.08 kg= ____mg length?
(c) 0.0078 m3 = ____dm3 8. Suppose a radio signal travels from earth and
(d) 0.067 g/cm3 = ____g/dm3
through spaces at a speed of 3.0  108 m/s. How
(e) 204.0 kg = ______mg
(f) 503.8 cm3 = _____ litres far into space did the signal travel during the first
(g) 0.0025 m =
3
_____ dm
3 10.0 minutes? Given distance, d = vt. Where, v is
(h) 25.9 litres = _____ kilolitres the velocity in m/s and t is time in seconds.
(i) 60 km/h = ______m/s 9. A car is driven at an average speed of 95.0 km/h
5. How many significant figures are there in each of for two hours, then at an average speed of 55.0
the following? (i) 0.00042 (ii) 0.14700 (ii) 4.2 x km/h for the next hour. What was the average
106 (iv) -154.090 x 10-27 speed for the three-hour trip? Given average
6. Find the average and the average deviation of the speed, v = d/t. Where, d is the total distance in km
following measurements of a mass. and t is time in hours
4.32, 4.35, 4.31, 4.36, 4.37, 4.34 grams.