CFC Extension Grammar - Unit 15

A Passives. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word
given.

1. Many people don’t like that their smart phones track their movements.
object
Many people ________________________________ by their smart phones
2. The judges told her of their decision at the end of the competition.
informed
She ________________________________ decision at the end of the competition.
3. Many people say that Koala Airlines has great customer service
supposed
Koala Airlines ________________________________ great customer service.
4. His parents forced him to apologise to his sister for hurting her feelings.
was
He ________________________________ to his sister for hurting her feelings.
5. Why were the children feeding the baboons at the zoo?
being
Why ________________________________ at the zoo?
6. Mary’s parents did not let her go to the discotheque with her friends because they said she was too young.
prevented
Mary ________________________________ to the discoteque with her friends.

B Reported speech – Like in exercise (A) above, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning
to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and
five words, including the word given.

1 The detectives asked Mario, “Where were you on the night of the crime?”
asked
Mario ________________________________ been on the night of the crime.
2 “I’m sorry I yelled at you,” Louis said to his wife.
apologised
Louis ________________________________ at his wife.
3 “Please keep my secret,” he begged her.
urged
He ________________________________ his secret to anyone.
4 “You took my chocolate cake from the fridge, didn’t you John?”Ann said.
accused
Ann ________________________________ her chocolate cake from the fridge.
5 In the interview, Mike was asked how he had got into show business.
did
The interviewer asked Mike, “How ________________________________ into show business?”
6 “Don’t change money on the street, Rebecca,” Larry said. “Often times, the bills are counterfeit.
warned
Larry ________________________________ money on the street.

© Cambridge University Press & Británico

 CFC Extension Grammar - Unit 16

A Linking words, matching. Match the beginnings and endings of these sentences

a. you should rinse it carefully.

1. In spite of waking up late, _____ b. he was despondent and dejected.
2. I know Rome like the back of my hand, _____ c. in spite of living around the corner.
3. Although she’s not keen on computers, _____ d. in spite of having a good education.
4. Crying and hanging their heads, _____ e. the underground is still very useful.
5. When changing the torch battery _____ f. the juveniles walked into the courtroom.
6. Before eating that apple, _____ g. but I’ve never been to Milan.
7. After losing his business, _____ h. mom does have a Facebook page.
8. Despite the fact that it is very crowded _____ i. be careful not to damage the bulb.
9. He doesn’t make very much _____ j. it is time for a change.
k. he still made it in on time.

B Correcting mistakes in linking words. In eight of these sentences there is a mistake. Underline each mistake
and write the correction. In the two sentences that are correct, write No Mistake.

1. While riding in a car, you should always wear your seatbelt. _________________
2. Although Mike likes rock music, but he really prefers the blues. _________________
3. Smiling broadly, Sue announced that she and Ralph were to be married. _________________
4. Chloe promised to get the job done, even though she has to stay up all night. _________________
5. Randall continues to smoke, in spite of his doctor told him to stop cold turkey. _________________
6. Asked to explain what had happened, he admitted that he had fallen asleep on the job. _________________
7. Warning of rough waters, the sailors reluctantly returned to port. _________________
8. Despite that we searched high and low, we didn’t find the keys. _________________
9. After driving the new car home, we realised our garage was too small for it. _________________
10. Since left school, he has made a number of trips abroad. _________________

C Free practice in linking words. Complete these sentences using your own ideas.

1 I quite enjoy studying English, in spite of the fact ________________________________________________.

2 Although Luis is only 8 years old, he __________________________________________________________.

3 While sweeping the kitchen floor, ____________________________________________________________.

4 _________________________________________________________ before attempting to go scuba diving.

5 Dressed in a tuxedo and frilly new dress, _______________________________________________________.

6 I hardly get any emails even though __________________________________________________________.

7 Waving ________________________________________, the people cheered the prince and his bride wildly.

8 They insist that they will go on the picnic even if ________________________________________________.

© Cambridge University Press & Británico

 ANSWER KEY

UNIT 16
UNIT 15
15A 16A
1 k
1 object to being tracked 2 g
2 was informed of the judges’ 3 h
3 is supposed to have 4 f
4 was forced/made to apologise 5 i
5 were the baboons being fed 6 a
6 was prevented from going 7 b
8 e
9 d
15B

1 was asked where he 16B

2 apologised for yelling
3 urged her not to tell
4 accused John of taking
5 did you get
6 warned Rebecca not to change
1 No Mistake
2 Eliminate the word “but”
3 No Mistake
4 Replace “even though” with “even if” or “so”
5 Replace “in spite of” with “although”
6 No Mistake
7 Replace “Warning” with “Warned” or “Being warned”
of “Having been warned”
8 Replace “Despite that” with “although”
9 No mistake
10 Replace “left” with “leaving” or “having left”

16C Answers will vary.

 AD6
CFC Plus Grammar Sheet
Inversions (after Negative Adverbials and Phrases for Special Emphasis)
Normally, in statements (declarative sentences) the verb follows the noun. In some cases, however, this order is reversed. The subject and the
first auxiliary are inverted and do is used with a simple tense verb.
Here we will look only at inversions in sentences that begin with negative adverbials and inversions for emphasis in sentences that include the
phrases: “so . . . that” and “such . . . that” and “neither . . . nor . . .” Negative adverbials include: never (before) barely, hardly, scarcely, seldom,
only after, only later, only if, only then, only by, only with, at no time, in no way, under no circumstances, little, not only, not until, not for one
moment.
Tips:
 The syntax in inversions is similar to that of a typical question, but don’t get confused; it is an affirmation!
 This inversion only happens when the phrase BEGINS WITH these structures.

Standard: His business was so successful that
Bob could retire at 45.
Inverted: So successful was his business, that
Bob could retire at 45.
Standard: A president seldom gets reelected
in a bad economy.
Inverted: Seldom does a president get
reelected in a bad economy.
Standard: I went to the Louvre only once
when I was in Paris.
Inverted: Only once did I go to the Louvre
when I was in Paris.
Standard: Passengers are never allowed to
bring weapons on flights.
Inverted: Never are passengers allowed to
bring weapons on flights.
Standard: The match had hardly started
when the storm hit.
Inverted: Hardly had the match started
when the storm hit.
Standard: She decided to travel only after
reading her horoscope.
Inverted: Only after reading her horoscope,
did she decide to travel.

Write new sentences with a similar meaning. In the new sentence, the verb should come before the subject (inversion), and the sentences
should begin with one of the following words or phrases. (Some words can be used more than once.)

Seldom Hardly So Under no Circumstances

Only once Only after Never Only in
Example: I didn’t imagine that Mike had invited me to the restaurant to break up with me.
Little did I imagine that Mike had invited me to the restaurant to break up with me.

1. The Chilean airplane crash survivors were so hungry that they were willing to eat anything that would give them sustenance.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. The tornado was so strong that the roof was torn right off the house.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. She seldom regretted never having married, although she was sometimes painfully aware of being alone at social gatherings.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Mario failed a course only once during his whole time at university.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. There were never any untoward words between us.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. The protests had hardly begun when the police arrived.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. The Red Cross delivered the food to the refugees only after the local militias guaranteed the safety of its aid workers.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. You should pull the fire alarm only in a real emergency.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. Children should never be allowed to go swimming without adult supervision.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. I had hardly begun to understand the use of inversions when this grammar exercise finished.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
© Cambridge University Press & Británico
 ANSWER KEY

CFC Plus Grammar Sheet: Inversions

1. So hungry were the Chilean airplane crash survivors that they were willing to eat anything that would give them sustenance.
2. So strong was the tornado that the roof was torn right off the house.
3. Seldom did she regret never having married, although she was sometimes painfully aware of being alone at social gatherings.
4. Only once did Mario fail a course during his whole time at university.
5. Never were there any untoward words between us.
6. Hardly had the protests begun when the police arrived.
7. Only after the local militias guaranteed the safety of its aid workers did the Red Cross deliver the food to the refugees.
8. Only in a real emergency should you pull the fire alarm.
9. Under no circumstances should children be allowed to go swimming without adult supervision.
10. Hardly had I begun to understand the use of inversions when this grammar exercise finished.