UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS

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SSI3013
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN SCIENCE
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TOPIC: DATA LOGGING

GROUP MEMBERS:
NO NAME MATRIC NO
1 NAJWA NAZUHA BINTI BABA D20152072044
2 ZETY AKHTAR BINTI MOHAMED D20152072013
3 NUR AISAH BINTI ISMAIL D20151070984

GROUP: A
LECTURER: ENCIK AZMI BIN IBRAHIM
DATA LOGGING

1.0 Introduction

In this high technology era, it is significant to hear about data logging or data loggers that
people mostly thought of the involving of electronically data collection in our environment.
But that’s just a little point of what data logging is. A data logger is basically an electronic
instrument for measurements recording at set intervals over a period of time. Depending on
the particular data logger, it can measure air temperature, relative humidity, soil moisture,
dissolved oxygen and many more. Data logger are typically compact, battery-powered
devices equipped with an internal microprocessor, data storage, and one or more sensors.
They can be deployed indoors, outdoors, and underwater, and can record data for up to
months at a time. A data logger may be a single unit, or it may be a multi-channel data
collection instrument equipped with one or more external sensors. The data then downloaded
from the data logger and stored to a computer or other hardware. Specialised software
programs enable this data to be displayed on a computer in the form of charts, graphs, and
tables. The process of measurement and data gathering is a common feature of practical work
in a school science laboratory or as a part of a maths or geography lesson.

2.0 Challenges of Data Logging

BOD testing has its widest application in measuring waste loadings of wastewater
treatment plants and in evaluating the efficiency of treatment processes. It is of limited use in
industrial wastewaters containing heavy metal ions, cyanides, and other substances that may
be toxic to the microorganisms. Unfortunately, the test has flaws. It is usually seeded with the
type of bacteria found in municipal plants. The types of bacteria needed in paper mills or
refineries usually differ in species from the standard procedures method. The BOD test is also
known as "BOD5" since it is based on the accurate measure of DO (dissolved oxygen) at the
beginning and end of a five-day period in which the sample is held in dark, incubated
conditions (20°C or 68°F). The hard to degrade organics found in some of these systems also
may take longer than 5 days to break down, so a BOD test will give an inaccurate
measurement of the amount of pollution that may be present in a waste stream. The change in
DO concentration over five days represents the "oxygen demand" for respiration by the
aerobic biological microorganisms in the sample. The five-day completion window is an
inherent disadvantage of the test because wastewater treatment system personnel cannot use it
to make real-time operational adjustments. The test is a 5 day test, during that time if the pH
drops, or if there are insufficient nutrients for the bacteria to consume the organics, the
bacteria will be limited.

Besides, for using BOD system in school needs to setup the Logger software on a
laptop pc and the school computer that can be used in the classroom. But, teacher needs to
call the technician comes to the schools if the loggers are damage. It is so difficult to all the
teachers because they do not know how to solve the problems. And if the logger is damaged,
it will take a long time to repair. This problem will affect the learning session in the
classroom.

3.0 Advantages and Disadvantages of Data Logging

Advantages:

 Can be set to take many readings in a short period of time

 Can be used when there is a safety risk involved
 Readings are accurate because no human errors are introduced
 No missed readings because they are taken automatically
 Once it is setup, it performs data logging automatically and does not require presence
of human beings
 Data logging can be carried out 24 hours a day
 It is easier to understand scientific experiments and scientific concept

Disadvantages:

 It requires initial investment cost to start using the data logging service. Moreover the
equipment is expensive for small tasks.
 Basic training is needed to use the equipment.
 Equipment could break
 Sensors must be carefully calibrated otherwise they could be taking the wrong
readings
4.0 Engage

Engage:

Figure 1 Marine dumping Figure 2 Industrial waste

Figure 3 Industrial waste

Figure 4 Oil pollution Figure 5 Water pollution

What happen?

More waste in the More decomposing Less dissolved oxygen

water organisms in the water

More fish die

Figure 6 Fish die

It kills all the fish, oxygen levels and

makes our own ocean dirty and
filthy

Figure 7 Fish die

Questions:
1. What is the important parameter can be used to detect the waste water?
2. It is the organic metals can cause the waste water?
5.0 Empower

BOD EVO Sensor

Introduction

Nowadays, problem with pollution in river, lake and sea water had become more critical and
need to be handled effectively. Water quality monitoring is an important aspect of water
management concerning to the pollution control. The removal of biodegradable organic
substances is a very important aspect of evaluation the treatment efficiency in a wastewater
treatment plant (WWTP). The amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms to oxidise
organic substances is characterised by biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), a widely used
parameter in environmental analysis. The conventional method BOD determination is
uneffective from the point of view of short-term in situ measurements or on-line monitoring
because it measures the microorganisms endogenous and exogenous oxygen consumption
over a period of 5 or 7 days. BOD biosensors provide much faster results thereby allowing
the researches to overcome the weaknesses of the conventional method.

The Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) used to assess the quality status of various
kinds of water, including sewage, effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and
rivers. Knowing the biodegradable organic matter content of a water sample has several
applications, including environmental, health and/or management issues, as the BOD (usually
measured as BOD5, i.e. BOD consumed in 5 days) is a good indicator of both the water
overall quality and the efficiency of WWTPs. Its high value as an environmental indicator is
related to its property of representing the phenomenon of water deoxygenation which, in turn,
may cause considerable damage to the aquatic biocoenosis. In the environmental and
ecological field, but also in WWTP management, tracking the evolution of the BOD over
time may subsequently present applied developments of noticeable interest. This knowledge
can lead to a better understanding of the kinetics of organic matter degradation in the
presence of different substrates and conditions, and allow to develop a greater capacity to
protect the concerned ecosystems.

BOD EVO, a new approach for the determination of BOD. This work was developed
to evaluate the effectiveness of the BOD EVO system, manufactured by VELP Scientifica,
for respirometric tests and for the measurement of BOD trend over time. The system is
composed by the sensor, which is put directly on the bottle containing the sample; by the
Wireless Data Box, that automatically receives data sent by the sensor and transfers them into
a computer; and by the dedicated software BOD Soft.

Equipment Needed

A microprocessor- controlled pressure transducer transfers the BOD value directly to the
display: results are displayed directly in mg/l with no need for further calculation and are
stored automatically in the BOD Sensor. Manufactured with premium materials, it
automatically stores 5 BOD measurements at 24-hour intervals meaning that analysis can
continue over the weekend. The BOD value can also be obtained directly from the display at
any time, even after five days.

This is the incubator to store the BOD EVO Sensor System 6 configuration. It place up to 30
samples in this VELP FOC 215E cooled incubator and it collect reliable results with the
Wireless Data Box and manage them with the exclusive BODSoft™.
The sensor measures the BOD value directly in mg/l with no need of further calculation and
the results are immediately sent to the PC. Real time monitoring on the sensor display is still
possible. Manufactured using the most modern and advanced construction techniques, the
BOD EVO Sensor fits directly on the bottle containing the sample. It comes as a package in
the BOD EVO Sensor System 6 configuration, including the 6-position stirring station with
BOD EVO Sensors, dark glass bottles, alkali holders for absorbing carbon dioxide and
stirring bars. The space saving footprint means that up to 5 stirring stations for a total of 30
samples can be placed in a VELP incubator (FOC 215E) simultaneously.

BOD EVO transfers the BOD value to the BOD Wireless Data box automatically. The results
are shown through the user friendly BOD Soft™. The exclusive wireless data transmission
from the BOD EVO Sensor to the BOD Wireless Data Box can be set at selected intervals
ranging from 30 minutes to 24 hours in the case of BOD5 (5-day test). The BOD EVO Sensor
automatically stores the most recent values. Data transmission is ensured even when the BOD
Wireless Data Box is not connected to the PC. The BOD Wireless Data Box can store
unlimited results for up to 80 samples.
Method

For the water sample used may require some pre-treatment activities such as homogenization,
pH adjustment, dilution, nutrient titration and seeding before being transferred to the dark
glass bottle containing magnetic stirring bar and alkali holders for absorbing carbon dioxide.
This device use spirometry method in closed atmosphere at constant temperature (20 0 C) with
gentle sample stirring. The BOD EVO Sensor System 6 configuration then place in the VELP
incubator (FOC 215E). Parameter required before starting the test. Once had been program
the sensor through the BOD Software, the sample need to be incubated and gently stirred.
BOD EVO sensor ensure an outstanding reliability as there is no need to open the door of the
incubator, preventing internal temperature fluctuations. Result will be send automatically to
the BOD Wireless Data Box.

Result

The detected data are sent wireless to Data Box at regular intervals, which may be set by the
user (from 30 min. to 24 hours). The remote data transmission ensures a high reliability, since
there is no need to open the door of the incubator, thus eliminating the risk of substantial
variations in the internal temperature. The BOD Soft software allows the operator to monitor
and record the analysis progress, and produces reports of the experiment (including a
graphical representation). It provide database with a (Canobbio, 2013)utomatic real time
graph creation. Once the analysis is completed, all the result are stored in the database and
also can be output to printer or saved.

6.0 Enhance

The determination of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand or Biological Oxygen Demand

(BOD) evaluates the amount of biodegradable organic material present in wastewater,
effluent and polluted waters. The BOD test reflects the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO)
consumed by bacteria while oxidizing these materials. Dissolved oxygen is essential for the
life of aquatic fauna and flora, and the BOD test is a measure of the ecological impact that
effluent water may have on the receiving body of water (river, lake, etc.).

Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it more
acceptable for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply,
irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being
safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable
components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-
use.

Some contaminants that affect health, such as nitrate and lead, are a concern only for
water used for drinking or cooking, so point-of-use equipment at a separate tap that treats a
few gallons daily is adequate. Other contaminants such as bacteria and some organic
contaminants will require point-of-entry equipment to prevent exposure during bathing or
other water uses. Home water treatment systems can generally be divided into three
categories:

 Water softeners

 Reverse osmosis treatment systems

 Point of use filters

Small water filters that attach to an individual faucet or filter water into a dispenser are called
point of use filters. These devices are primarily used to remove chemicals and metals such as
chlorine and lead. Water filters can be used for preventative health reasons in the case of
harmful substances, or for reasons of aesthetics, to improve the taste, colour or odour of
drinking water. A number of different filter types are available for use in the home, including
granular activated carbon filters, metallic alloy filters, microporous ceramic filters, and
carbon block resin. The home water treatment systems that consume water in the treatment
process are reverse osmosis systems and water softeners. Point-of-use water filters that attach
to the kitchen sink faucet do not consume any water. The amount of water consumed by a
home water treatment system will vary depending upon the type and size of the system. The
manufacturer should be able to provide water consumption values.

Examples of home water treatment

7.0 Conclusion:

Drinking water sources are subject to contamination and require appropriate treatment to
remove disease-causing agents. Public drinking water systems use various methods of water
treatment to provide safe drinking water for their communities. As a human, we need a home
water treatment at home to save our life from illness. So, we should provide a home water
treatment for our family in our house. Nowadays, filters must be changed, materials added as
needed, and the water checked regularly to be sure things are working. Unserviced equipment
may contribute to increased levels of some contaminants.
8.0 Reference

Canobbio, S. (2013). Assessment over time of Biochemical Oxygen Demand using a wireless
sensor.
Porous, B. S.-d. (2017). A Mediated BOD Biosensor Based on Immobilized B. Subtilis on
Three-Dimensional Porous Graphene-Polypyrrole Composite.
Set, B. O. (n.d.). BOD SENSOR AND BOD SENSOR SYSTEM. 5-7.
Transmission, W. D. (n.d.). Bod evo sensor.