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  • Nota Sains Bab 3

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    TheNorbaizura
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    The document discusses nutrition, including food classes, vitamins, minerals, digestion, and energy values of foods. It covers the six main classes of foods - carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. It then discusses the importance of a balanced diet, factors affecting calorie needs, and estimating calorie values of foods. Finally, it outlines the human digestive system including the chemical and physical processes of digestion and the roles of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It also discusses absorption and transport of digested materials as well as defecation.

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    KSSM SAINS TING 2

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    The document discusses nutrition, including food classes, vitamins, minerals, digestion, and energy values of foods. It covers the six main classes of foods - carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. It then discusses the importance of a balanced diet, factors affecting calorie needs, and estimating calorie values of foods. Finally, it outlines the human digestive system including the chemical and physical processes of digestion and the roles of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It also discusses absorption and transport of digested materials as well as defecation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    25 views7 pages

    Nota Sains Bab 3

    Uploaded by

    TheNorbaizura
    The document discusses nutrition, including food classes, vitamins, minerals, digestion, and energy values of foods. It covers the six main classes of foods - carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water. It then discusses the importance of a balanced diet, factors affecting calorie needs, and estimating calorie values of foods. Finally, it outlines the human digestive system including the chemical and physical processes of digestion and the roles of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It also discusses absorption and transport of digested materials as well as defecation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 7

    BAB 3 : NUTRISI

    3.1 KELAS MAKANAN

    KELAS HURAIAN FUNGSI SUMBER (Contoh


    MAKANAN Makanan)

    Karbohidrat

    Protein

    Lemak

    Vitamin

    Pelawas

    Mineral

    Air

    VITAMIN (Suaikan)
    MINERAL

    UJIAN MAKANAN
    AKTIVITI PEMERHATIAN INFERENS

    A) UJIAN IODIN bagi kanji

    B) UJIAN BENEDICT untuk


    glukosa

    C) UJIAN MILLON untuk


    protein

    D) UJIAN ALKOHOL-EMULSI
    untuk lemak

    3.2 KEPENTINGAN Gizi seimbang ialah


    GIZI SEIMBANG

    Faktor yang
    Mempengaruhi
    Keperluan Kalori
    Makanan
    (Huraikan)
    NILAI TENAGA/ KALORI ialah
    NILAI KALORI MAKANAN

    Kelas Makanan Nilai Tenaga


    Kelas makanan yang (kJ/g) (kcal/g)
    berbeza
    Lemak
    menghasilkan kuantiti
    tenaga yang berbeza Protein
    apabila dibakar Karbohidrat

    *1 kalori (cal) = 4.2 joule (J)


    *1 kilokalori (kcal) = 4.2 kilojoule (kJ)

    Menganggar Nilai Kalori Makanan

    Hitung nilai kalori makanan dalam hidangan P :


    3.3 SISTEM PENCERNAAN ialah
    PENCERNAAN
    MANUSIA

    Pencernaan Kimia

    Pencernaan Fizikal
    Aliran Makanan dalam Salur Pencernaan

    STRUKTUR PROSES

    Mulut  Makanan dikunyah dan dilembutkan oleh air liur


     Tindakan enzim :

    Esofagus  Makanan dalam bentuk _________________


     Proses _________________ menolak bolus masuk ke perut

     __________________ mengaktifkan _______________ dan


    Perut __________________________ dalam makanan
     Tindakan enzim :

    Duodenum  Hati menghasilkan _____________________dan disimpan oleh pundi


    hempedu
     Jus hempedu ______________________________________ dan
    _______________________________________
     Pankreas menghasilkan jus pankreas yang yang mengandungi enzim
    ___________, _____________ dan _____________
     Tindakan enzim :

    Usus kecil  Tindakan enzim :

    Usus besar  Makanan tidak tercerna memasuki usus besar


     Berlaku proses _____________________________________

    Rektum  Makanan tidak tercerna berbentuk tinja memasuki rectum dan


    tersimpan sementara di dalamnya

    Dubur  Tinja disingkirkan melalui dubur


    Dinding usus kecil dipenuhi berjuta-juta
    3.4 PROSES PENYERAPAN DAN
    unjuran halus yang dikenali sebagai
    PENGANGKUTAN HASIL
    VILUS untuk meningkatkan luas
    PENCERNAAN SERTA
    permukaan untuk proses penyerapan
    PENYAHTINJAAN
    makanan tercerna

    STRUKTUR VILUS

    ASIMILASI

    VILUS PADA DINDING USUS KECIL

    HASIL AKHIR FUNGSI


    PENCERNAAN

    PENYAHTINJAAN
    (Proses penyingkiran tinja)

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