The global move towards 5G

between WRC-15 and WRC-19

Uwe Löwenstein
Spectrum Technology Manager
Telefónica Germany

5G Briefing
9th May 2018, Istanbul
Agenda
1. ITU-R WRC-15 results and WRC-19 agenda
• 5G-related issues towards WRC-19
• Current ITU-R activities
• Mapping out 5G-timing, the ITU framework and
European plans
2. Spectrum for IMT
• Exploring the spectrum bands under consideration
• Additional spectrum for IMT
• Future ITU-R studies for 5G spectrum
3. 5G / IMT-2020
• Outlining 5G usage and deployment scenarios
• New Radio Interface Technologies (RIT)

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Uwe Löwenstein, TEF Germany
What are they there for ?
Where?  Rome
Via Della Conciliazione
leading towards Vatican
St. Peter's Square
When?  19.4. 2005
“Benedict XVI”
8 years
Why?  Waiting
for the announcement
of the papal conclave
When?  13.3.2013
“Franziskus”
http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/papst-momente-bilder-zeigen-vergleich-zwischen-2005-
und-2013-a-889031.html
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What are we here for ?
To get a better understanding of 5G, its capabilities, according spectrum
implications and the timely expectation

NTT-DoCoMo – 2020
Nokia – 2020 Summer Olympics
EU Soccer
Championships

KT telcom – 2018
Winter Olympics Huawei / Megafon
2018
Soccer World Cup
Verizon – Q1/17
Trials

ZTE / Softbank Ericsson – 01.09.16

2016 1st radio ITU ?
„Pre5G“ - Trials hardware toolkit

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Uwe Löwenstein, TEF Germany
ITU-R WRC-15  WRC-19

5G related issues and organisation

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 WRC-15 results: Summary incl. new work for WRC-19/-23
WRC-15 Issue Description Relevance
700 MHz „Digital Dividend 2“ Sharing conditions confirmed following WRC-12, Globally Already auctioned in DE & F
(Res. 224 Rev. WRC-15) allocated for MOBILE Next: FIN/SWE (2016), ES (2018)
1.5 GHz “L-Band” Add. 51 MHz to the 40 MHz (auctioned 06/2015) “SDL” or “paired” t.b.d. in WP5D
 Global solution for 91 MHz in total  Auction earliest 2018/2020
3-4 GHz “C-Band” 3.4-3.6 GHz: globally for MOBILE • 3.5 GHz licensed in Germany,
3.6-3.8 GHz: not Globally, but CEPT decision in force • Other parts in use by others and
3.8-4.2 GHz: in Europe to be further discussed not available before 2020/2023
WRC-19
AI 1.11 Railway (Res. 6/12) Study spectrum needs, technical and operational Due to ETCS possible spectrum in
characteristics of railway Radiocommunication systems addition to GSM-R  ITU-R WP5A
AI 1.12 ITS (Res. 6/13) Study technical and operational aspects of evolving ITS Requirements likely to be included in
Intelligent Transport implementation using existing mobile-service allocations ongoing 5G work  ITU-R WP5A/5D
AI 1.13 IMT (Res. 6/20) Study frequency-related matters for IMT incl. possible Main focus of work for next 4 years
additional primary allocations in the bands 24.25-86 GHz  new established ITU-R TG5/1
AI 1.14 HAPS (Res. 6/21) Regulatory actions for High-Altitude-Platform-Systems in Low relevance / possible impact on AI
existing fixed allocations ( Google / Facebook) 1.13  ITU-R WP5C
AI 1.15 275-450 GHz (Res 6/14) frequency bands for landmobile and fixed services Low relevance  ITU-R WP1A
AI 1.16 RLAN (Res. 6/22) Wireless Access Systems incl. RLAN in 5150-5925 MHz WiFi-Offload  ITU-R WP5A
AI 9.1.1 (Res. 224 Rev. WRC-15) Review IMT in 1885-2025 and 2110-2200 MHz Relevance to S-Band ?!  4C/5D
AI 9.1.2 IMT/BSS in L-Band Compatibility of IMT/BSS in 1452-1492 MHz in Reg. 1 & 3 Core “L-band” auctioned in DE /
(Res. 4/6) possible interference to SDL  4A/5D
AI 9.1.3 Non-geo-stationary Non-geo stationary satellite in 3700-4200 MHz, Satellite industry addressing same
satellites (Res. 5/6) 4500-4800 MHz, 5925-6425 MHz and 6725-7025 MHz bands as mobile industry
AI 9.1.8 M2M (Res. 6/15) Spectrum need and possible harmonisation for M2M Incl. in 5G work  ITU-R WP5D
WRC-23
AI 2.5 UHF (470-694 MHz) in Review of the spectrum use in the bands 470-960 MHz Important from 2019 onwards for
Region 1 (Res. 4/6) converged networks (e.g. eMBMS)
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ITU-R WP5D http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg5/rwp5d/Pages/default.aspx

WP 5D is responsible for the overall radio system aspects of IMT systems, comprising
the IMT-2000, IMT-Advanced and IMT for 2020 and beyond.

Various documents have already been prepared towards IMT-2020:

• SWG Frequency arrangements: Update report w.r.t. IMT-2020 frequency arrangements
• SWG Vision:
• New Report of the “longer term new terrestrial IMT vision for 2020 and beyond to set the
view of the terrestrial mobile broadband future and to drive the future developments for the
radio access network”
• New Report “Future Technology Trends”
• SWG Radio Aspects:
• New Report Technical feasibility of IMT in the bands >6 GHz
• New Report Passive and Active Antenna System
• New Report Architecture and Topology of IMT Networks

More details at special ITU-website “ITU towards ‘IMT for 2020 and beyond’”
http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg5/rwp5d/imt-2020/Pages/default.aspx

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ITU-R TG 5/1 http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg5/tg5-1/Pages/default.aspx

TG 5/1 was established post WRC-15 and is responsible for sharing studies related to
WRC-19 AI 1.13 (frequency bands for the future development of IMT)

Current status
• 1st meeting held 23.-25.05.2016 (Geneva) – organizational issues

Various ITU-R entities work in parallel on 5G spectrum in relation to WRC-19 AI 1.13

• WP 5D: conduct the studies with regards to spectrum needs, technical and operational
characteristics including protection criteria, and deployment scenarios for terrestrial IMT Deadline
• SG 3: responsible for providing the propagation models for the sharing studies 31.03.17
• All involved parties (SG4, SG6, SG7) in frequency bands and services mentioned in
Res. 238 provide their protections criteria and sharing requirements

 TG 5/1: responsible for conducting the sharing and compatibility studies

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Detailed timeline and process for IMT-2020 in ITU-R

* 22.03.16: ITU-R Circular

letter “5/LCCE/59“:
Invitation for
submission of
proposals for candidate
radio interface
technologies for the
terrestrial components
of the radio interface(s)
for IMT-2020 and
invitation to participate
in their subsequent
evaluation
04.10.17: 5G-Workshop
co-located with WP5D
CPM19-1

(in Germany, Munich)

CPM19-2
CPM Edit
Evaluation of the
* different candidates

TG 5/1 TG 5/1 performing sharing

studies in line with CPM
and according editing

Requirements  Workshop  Evaluation  IMT-2020 RIT

Details regarding Workshop: www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg5/rwp5d/imt-2020/Pages/ws-20171004.aspx
Evaluation: www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg5/rwp5d/imt-2020/Pages/submission-eval.aspx

WP5D provides: Workplan, timeline, process and deliverables for "IMT-2020"

• Summarizing the proposed next steps w.r.t. to “Vision 2020”
Slide 9 09.05.2018
• IMT-2020 is an evolution with new technology / radio interface(s) Uwe Löwenstein, TEF Germany
 ITU-T FG IMT-2020 http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/imt-2020/Pages/default.aspx

ITU established a Focus Group to identify the network standardization requirements for
the '5G' development of IMT for 2020 and beyond (operational 06/15-02/17  ITU-T SG13)

The objective of the Focus Group (FG):

• scope of activity is concentrated in identifying the standardization needs of the wireline
elements of 5G networks,
• produce materials of gap analysis of IMT-2020 in order to identify the relevant scope of ITU-
T Recommendations on the fixed network of IMT-2020.
• The gap analysis may be accompanied by high level technical aspects such as use cases,
requirements and other aspects.
• The FG also serves as an open platform for network architecture experts representing ITU
members and non-members to move forward in the IMT-2020 direction
• 1st results in 12/2015 and final report until 12/2016 (reporting to ITU-T SG 13)  WRIC
• Various “Sub-Focus-Groups”:

Architecture E2E QoS FH/BH ICN

NWSoft Use cases Slide 10 09.05.2018

Uwe Löwenstein, TEF Germany
5G Time Frame - Mapping to ITU / 3GPP etc.
ITU-R has provided and summarized the “Vision towards IMT-2020”
“5G-NR” hasn’t been finally defined nor specified and hence good alignment of
activities is necessary:

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

1 2 Expected 5G phases

5G in 3GPP Rel-14 SI (SA1/RAN) Rel-15 Rel-16 5G phases:

1: Q4/17 (“5G-NSA”) for eMBB
4G in 3GPP Rel-12 Rel-13 Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16 2: H2/18 (“5G-NR”) other services
 Still time to provide requirements
WRC’15 WRC’19
for vertical industries to 3GPP
ITU Vision Requirements / Method Wkp Proposals Evaluation
IMT-2020
Specifications

EC FP7 EC FP7 Pre-5G METIS, 5GNOW…

j1: Specification
EC 5G PPP 5G PPP Set-up 5G PPP j1 5G PPP j2 5G PPP j3 j2: Development
j3: Experimentation

SDN/NFV ONF, Open Daylight, OPNFV, Open Stack…

Winter Olympics in South Korea Note: Other Regions events under elaboration
FIFA World Cup in Russia
Summer Olympics in Japan

Mobile
Radio Experiments Trials 5G Deployment and Commercialization
Networks
1 2 Deployment of 5G phases
© by 5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership (5G PPP) Slide 11 09.05.2018
Uwe Löwenstein, TEF Germany
Spectrum for IMT

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Results (1): Industry proposals and initial Admin positions

 470-694 MHz: Some countries in Americas (7) and APAC (7) now, EMEA at WRC-23 with number of
current countries likely to grow  study between WRC-19 and WRC-23 only

 L-band (1,5 GHz): Europe: Additional 51 MHz to the current 40 MHz (auctioned 06/2015)
Global solutionfor 91 MHz in total (SDL or paired t.b.d.in WP5D).

 C-band (3-4 GHz): 3.4-3.6 GHz upgraded from a number of countries in EMEA plus some
countries in Americas and APAC to a global solution.
3.6-3.7 GHz some countries in the Americas (4). Traded away in EMEA.

 Other bands: Some countries will also do 3.3-3.4 GHz (49) and 4.8-4.99 GHz (4).

 700 MHz: Now globally allocated to Mobile. Conditions confirmed in line with Slide 13 09.05.2018
recent auctions (Germany, France) Uwe Löwenstein, TEF Germany
Results (2): 5G bands for WRC-19 (mmWave >6 GHz)

 09.11.16 RSPG „5G opinion“ incl. „5G Pioneer bands“ (RSPG16-032)

31.01.18 RSPG „2nd 5G opinion“: Priority „excluded 32 GHz“ and „emphasized 66-71 GHz“
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5G needs spectrum below and above 6 GHz

Spectrum below 6 GHz

• Wider coverage allowing cost effective delivery of mobile services
• Bandwidths considerably wider (in the order of 100s of MHz) than those of today,
providing combination of capacity / coverage
• C-Band: Strong potential for harmonization for 5G

Spectrum above 6 GHz

• Needed for applications requiring extremely high data rates
• May accommodate wider channel bandwidths (e.g. up to 1GHz per MNO) within a
coverage area that may reach 100s meters
• Propagation characteristics may lead to higher spectrum reuse but needs to facilitate
sharing with existing services

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MNO spectrum view
RSPG opinion (1st and 2nd) on 5G spectrum related aspects
• 3.4 - 3.8 GHz band to be the primary band suitable for the introduction of 5G use in EU
• Bands above 6 GHz should focus on 24.5-27.5 GHz, 40,5-43.5 GHz and 66-71 GHz

C-Band
• Large band-width

• Global harmonization

• Sharing issues

Bands above 6 GHz

• 28 GHz is pre-set by USA, Korea and Japan
• 26 GHz is expected in Europe and planned in China
26 28
X 32

• Nearest European / Region 1 bands: 26 GHz and 32 GHz

• Global eco-system possible: upper part of 26 GHz (26.5-27.5 GHz) will overlap with 28 GHz
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The European 5G “pioneer bands”

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5G ….. from 470 MHz to 86 GHz ?
Example chart for region 3

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 5G ….. across the World

© by Qualcomm 2018

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New (mmWave) bands might not be exclusively licensed
and needed to be shared with existing users (e.g. Satellite)

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5G

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 Current 5G activities in Europe
EU-Consultations
• Targeted consultation on the coordinated introduction of 5G networks in Europe
https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/targeted-consultation-co-ordinated-introduction-5g-networks-europe

• Draft RSPG Opinion on spectrum related aspects for next-generation wireless systems (5G)”:
http://rspg-spectrum.eu/public-consultations/#ongoing_consultations

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5G timeline - EC 5G “action plan”

EC “5G action plan” (14.09.2016)

EOY 2017 Full set of spectrum bands & technical usage options
2018: Early 5G launch in selected areas
2020: Commercial launch of 5G service in at least one
major city in all MS
2025: 5G in all urban areas

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 Leap to 5G networks
Major Service Scenarios with 5G, © by Samsung
What will it be?
• Completely reshape entire industries, and
rethink how we run our cities and manage
critical national infrastructures.
• 5G will be a far more capable network than
its predecessors (e.g. speeds of up to 10
Gbps, which is 40x faster than the current
maximum speeds achievable on 4G).
• Transformation of how we live our lives and
a steep increase in machine-to-machine
(M2M) communications to enable fuller,
richer and more convenient lifestyles.
• 5G enables the (real) Internet of Things (IoT)

© by 5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership (5G PPP)

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The way from 4G to 5G

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5G ….. usage scenarios

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5G ….. deployment scenarios

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5G will have / need a new radio interface …..
…. to accommodate the different frequency bands. Definition and specification
of 5G is ongoing, incl. best suited, innovative modulation schemes for radio
access to enable all the requirements
WP5D Korea
3GPP (02/18)
„5G-NR“ 3 candidate
„GFDM” „UFMC”
„WAM“ Universal RITs
Generalised
WAve Filtered
Frequency
Modulation MultiCarrier
Division China *
(MagnaCom)
Multiplexing
proposal
* Compliant with
3GPP Rel. 15
„FBMC”
Filter Bank ITU onwards

„FQAM” Multi-Carrier (Workshop) Korea *

frequency and 10/2017
quadrature proposal
amplitude
modulation
“OTFS“
Orthogonal Time
Frequency and DECT-2020
Space Modulation
„SCMA”
(Cohere)
Sparse Coding Indian
Multiple Access
(Huawei) proposal
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Summary and Outlook

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 Conclusions
 WRC-07 was a major milestone for the spectrum
assignment for IMT systems (800 / 2600 MHz)

 WRC-12 agreed to study UHF-spectrum and

WRC-15 confirmed global allocation of 700 MHz
and agreed on a new AI to study new spectrum
bands for IMT-2020 / 5G

 Spectrum requirements for IMT / IMT-Advanced

(4G) and IMT-2020 (5G) have been defined

 WRC-19 will have to conclude on the new 5G

spectrum bands

 Ongoing definition/specification of 5G (IMT-2020)

 5G needs both higher and lower frequencies
bands to meet multiple use case scenarios
 In addition to 3 RIT provided in 02/18, more
candidates will be proposed until Slide 30 09.05.2018
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 Any questions ?
Thank you very much for your attention

Uwe Löwenstein
Manager Spectrum Technology

Telefónica Europe
c/o Telefónica Germany GmbH & Co. OHG

Address: Georg-Brauchle-Ring 23-25, D-80992 München

Fon: +49 (0)89 2442 4880
Fax: +49 (0)89 2442 194880
Mobile: +49 (0)176 24424880
mail to: uwe.loewenstein@telefonica.com

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Backup

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 ITU-R major deliverables for IMT

„Name“ Document Title Date

„Vision“ Rec. ITU-R M.1645 Framework and overall objectives of the future development 2002
of IMT-2000 and systems beyond IMT-2000
„Methodology“ Rec. ITU-R M.1768 Methodology for calculation of spectrum requirements for the 2005
future development of the terrestrial component of IMT-2000
and systems beyond IMT-2000
„Market“ Report ITU-R M.2072 World mobile telecommunication market forecast 2005

„Radio Report ITU-R M.2074 Radio aspects for the terrestrial component of IMT-2000 and 2005
Aspects“ systems beyond IMT-2000

„Estimate“ Report ITU-R M.2078 Estimated spectrum bandwidth requirements for the future 2006
development of IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced
„Candi“ Report ITU-R M.2079 Technical and operational information for identifying 2006
spectrum for the terrestrial component of future development
of IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced
„Naming“ Res. 56 (WRC-07) Naming for International Mobile Telecommunications 2007

„Principles” Res. 57 (WRC-07) Principles for the process of development of IMT-Advanced 2007

„RTTs“ Rec. ITU-R M.1457-7 Detailed specifications of the radio interfaces of IMT-2000 2008

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 ITU-R documents related to IMT-Advanced (IMT-A)
„Name“ Document Title Date
- Recommendation ITU- Frequency arrangements for implementation of the terrestrial 1994-
R M.1036 component of IMT 2000 in the bands 806-960 MHz, 1710- 2007
2025 MHz, 2110-2200 MHz and 2500-2690 MHz
- Reports ITU-R M.2109, IMT related sharing studies covering various bands and 2005
M.2110 / 2111 / 2112 technologies

- Resolution ITU-R 57 Principles for the process of development of IMT-Advanced 2006

Tech Trends Report ITU-R M.2038 Technology Trends 2005
Radio Report ITU-R M.2074 Radio aspects for the terrestrial component of IMT-2000 and 2005
Aspects systems beyond IMT-2000

„IMT.REST“ Report ITU-R M.2133 Requirements, evaluation criteria and submission templates 2008
for the development of IMT-Advanced
„IMT.TECH“ Report ITU-R M.2134 Requirements related to technical performance for IMT- 2008
Advanced candidate radio interfaces
„IMT.EVAL“ Report ITU-R M.2135 Guidelines for both the procedure and the criteria (technical, 2008
spectrum and service) to be used in evaluating the proposed
IMT-Advanced radio interface technologies (RITs)

“IMT.RADIO” Report ITU-R M.2198 Framework and key characteristics of IMT-A radio interface 2010
“IMT.Update” Report ITU-R M.2234 Global mobile broadband deployments & forecasts for IMT 2011
‘IMT.RSPEC’ Rec. ITU-R M.2012 Detailed specifications of the terrestrial radio interfaces of 2012
IMT-Advanced
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 ITU-R documents related to IMT-2020

„Name“ Document Title Date

“Methodology“ Rec. ITU-R M.1768-1
- Report ITU-R M.2243
- Report ITU-R M.2289
- Report ITU-R M.2290
- Report ITU-R M.2292
“Tech Trends” Report ITU-R M.2320
“IMT.VISION” Report ITU-R M.2083
“IMT >6 GHz” Report ITU-R M.2376
Methodology for calculation of spectrum requirements for 04/13
the terrestrial component of IMT (Revision)
Assessment of the global mobile broadband 03/11
deployments and forecasts for IMT
Future radio aspect parameters for use with the 03/14
terrestrial IMT spectrum estimate methodology of Rec.
ITU-R M.1768-1
Future spectrum requirements estimate for terrestrial IMT 02/14
Characteristics of terrestrial IMT-Advanced systems for 03/14
frequency sharing/interference analyses
Future technology trends of terrestrial IMT systems 11/14
Vision towards IMT-2020 09/15
Study of technical feasibility of IMT in the bands >6 GHz 07/15

“IMT-Traffic” Report ITU-R M.2370 IMT Traffic estimates for the years 2020 to 2030 07/15

IMT 3 Draft Reports Requirements, evaluation criteria and submission 2016/

Submission & templates for the development of IMT-2020 2017
Evaluation
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