INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

The indefinite pronoun replaces to the indefinite adjective and the noun that that one
modifies. It does not describe any characteristic of the noun, but only Indian quantity

They are: many, many, little, few ones, small, so much, so many people, so much, so
many people, enough, enough, too much, too much, some, someone, none, something,
nothing.

The indefinite pronouns do not refer to a person, place or thing specifics. In English, there
exists a particular group of indefinite pronouns formed by a quantifier or distributive
preceded for any, some, every y no.

PARTICULAR CASES

ALL

Everything has two different meanings according to the definite article that
accompanies it.

 the whole / all the → the total ...

Example:
He spent all day at the hairdresser.
 all / all → every ...
Example:
Every day he went to the hairdresser.
OTHER

Other cannot be preceded of an indefinite article, but yes of a definite article, a

possessive one, a demonstrative one or of an indefinite adjective.

Example:

 He went to another hairdresser.

 The other haircut seems more interesting.
 She has no choice but to cut her hair herself.
THE DOUBLE NEGATION

Undefined pronouns nothing, no one, none (none), can be used for double negation. In
this case, the indefinite pronoun is found after the conjugated verb, and the adverb is not
in front of this verb.

Example:
 He does not cut anyone's hair. (No one cuts his hair.)
 Does not like anything. Nothing likes it.
 His hairdresser does not cut his hair. (No hairdresser cuts his hair.)
In some cases, a relative sentence must be introduced when the negative phrase is
passed to the double negation.

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
In affirmative sentences, indefinite pronouns with some are used to describe an indefinite
quantity. Indefinite pronouns with each are used to describe a complete quantity and those
that carry do not imply absence of quantity. Pronouns are not frequent uses in affirmative
sentences with negative sense; There are no negative sentences of the son, since you miss
the word no.
Example:

 Everyone is sleeping in my bed.

 Someone is sleeping in my bed.
 No one is sleeping in my bed.
 I gave everything to Sally.
 He saw something in the garden.
 There is nothing to eat.
 I looked everywhere for my keys.
 Keith is looking for somewhere to live.
 There is nowhere as beautiful as Paris.

Any and the indefinite pronouns that are formed with this term can also be used in
affirmative sentences with a meaning similar to that of every: any person, place or thing.
Example:
  They can choose anything from the menu.
 You may invite anybody you want to your birthday party.
 We can go anywhere you'd like this summer.
 He would give anything to get into Oxford.
 Fido would follow you anywhere.

NEGATIVE SENTENCES
Negative sentences can only be constructed with an indefinite pronoun formed with any.
Example:

 I don't have anything to eat.

 She didn't go anywhere last week.
 I can't find anyone to come with me.

Many negative sentences that include an indefinite pronoun with any can be transformed
into affirmative sentences with negative sense using an indefinite pronoun with no.
However, this transformation entails a change of meaning: the sentence that includes the
indefinite pronoun formed with is not stronger and may imply emotional content
(defensive attitude, despair, anger, etc.).

Example:

 I don't know anything about it. = neutral

 I know nothing about it. = a la defensiva
 I don't have anybody to talk to. = neutral
 I have nobody to talk to. = desesperado
 There wasn't anything we could do. = neutral
 There was nothing we could do. = enojado o a la defensiva

NEGATIVE QUESTIONS
The indefinite pronouns formed with every, some and any can be used to construct
negative interrogative sentences. These questions can usually be answered with "yes" or
"no".
Pronouns formed with any and every are used in purely interrogative sentences, while
those with some are often used for questions that we know or suspect the answer to.
Example:

 Is there anything to eat?

 Did you go anywhere last night?
 Is everyone here?
 Have you looked everywhere?

These interrogative sentences can be turned into rhetorical or false questions making them
negative. When formulating a question of this type, the speaker expects a 'no' answer.

Example:

 Isn't there anything to eat?

 Didn't you go anywhere last night?
 Isn't everyone here?
 Haven't you looked everywhere?

Some and the pronouns formed with it are used only in questions that we believe know
the answer or in formulas that do not constitute real questions (for example, invitations).
In this case, the speaker expects an affirmative answer.

Example:

 Are you looking for someone?

 Have you lost something?
 Are you going somewhere?
 Could somebody help me, please? = petición
 Would you like to go somewhere this weekend? = invitación

These questions can be further defined if they are formulated in negative. In this case,
the speaker is absolutely sure that the answer will be a 'yes'.

 Aren't you looking for someone?

 Haven't you lost something?
 Aren't you going somewhere?
  Couldn't somebody help me, please?
 Wouldn't you like to go somewhere this weekend?

BIBLIOGRAFIA:

 Haspelmath, M. (1997). Indefinite pronouns. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

 http://www.ef.com.ec/recursos-aprender-ingles/gramatica-inglesa/pronombres-
indefinidos/
 https://espanol.lingolia.com/es/gramatica/pronombres-y-
determinantes/pronombres-indefinidos/ejercicios
 Weiß, H. (2002). Indefinite pronouns: Morphology and syntax in crosslinguistic
perspective. Pronouns: Grammar and representation,