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    Mechanics2 PDF

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    Solutions of Mechanics Part-II Lesson 9th to 13th By DC Pandey 9 Mechanics of Rotational Motion = Introductory Exercise 9.1 (in = 2 «2{2 me nf 2) ] 1. The mags distribution is at minimum 5 \ya) J feparation from the dagonal passing 8 pat through centre to opposite corners of the 5 cube, so, moment of inertia is minimum about that axis. 2 2 1,-me 7 7 B (oI =fat =f dm? =m) a'de while I, = mr? yo =4 meant = 4mi* ‘ 1 2 2 aml? M =f" meds =2 m 2h? =2m Jp meds = 5 m (2? = Bm bh mot T, 3 M man’ 4M ome a 1-"8 e a Lal sshe2iiy fadm [Remeae 2 4 yh Oxon Tan Emad he fae tants a) -amr ~38 yr =? mie 2 3 1 Ip =Loy + M2 atonal (Ty =2x 2 me? 4 2(2 mr *ma) =2 we sie 5 5 a tg 8 3 ye 1 ye =Smr* 4 ama? = Me =3 Mr zm me a 3 0 6. (A ©) T= [at =f dmx? = [ex Quxde-x? "Sade that stak[ de =a M=[dm=[ he? 2ne de ~2nk [*°de Iu -} 2 5 2 om gem? =2 x 08 kg-m? = 05 kg-m’ gx sks E 8 [1 =(1x 49? 42x 48% 43x 47? Sot 4912) +50x 0 + (100x 50? + 99 x 497 + 98 48% 4.4 51x14) =100x 50* + 100 49? +...+100x 1? =100(1? +2? +3? +... +50) 50(60 + 1) (100+ 1) 6 50% 51x 100x 101 6 05x 51% 101 ae kgm: a f- = 043 kg-m? =) mr + Me? = MR? =100% gem? sl Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 3 10. The disk with smaller dengity will have larger radius and as J == Mr®, so the re gi. disk with larger radius will have higher moment of inertia. = Introductory Exercise 9.2 1. of =f +200 of ooh -et Za 1-5) LS 8 100rad_ Ble 142) 2 0-6, +0 +05 =( at?) 4 (at-1) 2") +(oe t =2x 4x 10? =800rad 20 tradi? 10 St=1a=5kgm? x 1radis* Nem 3. 0-o-at>a -0.87N 5. 6-6-2, 0-6-6 So-oate-1s fjoa (2) 0 = — = [6-6 de 4 | Mechanies-2 =61-2"|) = 4 rad/s E=Lon +m @y « ¥0) “at =To+(-mvR) ay = a2 nr? nok Joa io £ muR ~ mvR =-2moR =-1ax} 2 2 2 =L=) mR ads = 2 6. 3. Lem@xv=meivy) a ay x (veo 45°i +v sin 45° j) 0 | wy, tan gor 2 t ra Fa a do = at = anf 2x10 ede (2 E)-™ yk tan go°- 20 Fe mo aN ee a0 Mex DE mo = 20045 > 1-78 oo (Raa) . 4. Dam{2iv aj )x woos ai 2 } = Introductory Exercise 9.3 Ly = mux + mv (dx) = mvdis a o constant and is independent of x, ie., . position of O. =~ mHu cos a ke Ra Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 5 5. It depends upon the distance, velocity 4 and angle from the axis, which may not given zero from a different point. = Introductory Exercise 9.4 M > heme Be o- F£a-sin VE = Introductory Exercise 9.6 1. mgh =} mv* bret 10 me 52 2, Asice melts at pole and flows to equator, it gets distributed away from centre (as equitorial radius is greater than polar radius) such that moment of inertia about axis increases which results in decrease in angular speed (as Io= constant), this Jeads in increase in time period {as 7 -=* Jor duration of day and eee night. 3. True : (Reference previous problem). = Introductory Exercise 9.5 [Qe 1 xelagt® > 2 tan (90° — = ——¥ TT) sin 90°) = 2 cos = Re (a) 6 | Mechanies-2 and (x +2R)=v, a 2 = Introductory Exercise 9.7 F=f, =WN =umg cos & (a) ma = mg sin 0p mg cos 0 a =g (sin 0-11 cos 6) @)Rf =T a fing cs 0=2 mit _Bucos 6 * QR 2, Work done by friction is zero only in uniform pure rolling but not in accelerated pure rolling. So, the statement is false. 7 \ e ‘As the torque due to applied force is anti-clockwise, so the point of contact tries to slip rightwards and friction tries to prevent it and so acts leftwards. |. As during rolling down, friction acts upward which exerts a torque, thus the angular momentum of the system is not, conserved. Even if we take axis of rotation at point of contact, then component of weight exerts torque, 60, statement is false . Force of friction will be zero, only when there is uniform pure rolling, ie., there is no external unbalanced torque. Thus, a =Ra +E 2rk, ~rFy Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 7 6. $< tan @>p /— \ ‘And for toppling, | sin 02 > mg cos 0% $ | me 2 ‘ 2 \ | tan 6>1 ‘ ie (a) Cube will slide before toppling if om tan 6 <1, ie.yLie,y>1 c=2RF =1a = 0-7 Fa 20% 2. Feo ie., even a slightest amount of force can initiate motion of the disk. 7. Acceleration of point of contact is zero only when there is uniform pure rolling and no slipping. . For rolling without slipping on = Introductory Exercise 9.8 horizontal plane, ft 1 Impulse, I,, = Ap = mv Angular Impulse, [,,h = AL. =Io=2mR*0=2 mRv 5 5 mh=2mRv = n= 5 5 For sliding, mg sin 0 > mg cos 0 AJEEE Corner = Subjective Questions (Level 1) 2. <1, +1, = Lx (1? +24) +208? + 4") =55kg-m* I-lhth +I +l, 0+ ME. gy? mE Smt 3 3 8 | Mechanies-2 4, wuxle Te myrt + mye Substituting the values we get, Pim Ia dl =dmx? =x? de =x? (ax +P) de =(ax® + px?) de T= J'(ox? +B) ae arc P rads foto Tale 2eos 6 slat sd pe ijk age sri In second’s clock, it takes 60 s by th sFAR=B 4-2 seconds clock, it takes 60 ¢ by the 2 3 ob seconds hand to rotate by 2n. wads, -168+6-304+0+k6-9) 30 =-21-2h=-20+1)Nm $0, 0 rad a Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 9 = mu? sin 0.co8 0 =} mu® 2 +3 x 1x 20y2)* = 400Nm 1B. t= 19 + 99 + ta =0+20sin 45°x 01 + 30 sin 60" x 005 a B 202 +15x 23-2 98 Lom 2 + 16. 1 =12cos 60° x 01 - 10x 0.25 -9x 0.25 =8rrad/s* @=ot =8nrad/s* x 5s = 40 rad/s 1B. 0-0, +0, +05 = ath + of, + of, =} ath = ah; (t; +t) =2x 56 +2) =T0rad 19. o- ats =4radis® we © 20.1 % 80 3 1 ss 103 x 4 -001Nm 3 rad/s’, 4s the torque due to friction. Again, 3Roi 1 dug 9R*o}, dug 2° 3R T6tg? _aRo} _3Reb _3Rob Sue ue She a and 0-0, -at fo _18%9 36, yt =loy > 4=y¢Ia or =001 + 003 x 4-013 Nm 20. @= 0 +at = -20radls =20rad/s—2radis* xt do k t=1 2 = do=* tah = do=tede Lig (As KE =2 Jo? is same for + 0) ° ‘ 2 = Sidon {eat 10 | Mechanies-2 -10-5¢ = o-f(-10-5p dr-—108 at f=0,0-0=65 rad/s o-65-10¢-5 2 5 ge (a) o(@s) =65-10« 3-2 « 3! (@) os) 3 = ones 3 y G 0 =65x3-5x3? 195-45 -sar5 nd [oat = [Ja2-20) ae AQ _ 27 rad Qn Qevad AO (2s) = 12 2-28 = 16 rad 0, =, =27-16-9rad So, in third second, N’ - 2 *4 2erad =143 26, 0-6¢-21? > = 20 6-62 a = onbatents 8()=0 and 6(1)=6-2=4rad “h@s00 4-0 yey, 7 7 Lem-veos Or, tan d= % a1 & aire dcd > cosaet 2 2 2m ae 28. L=lo 29, L=mor + To =-[mor + 2m o) ie [mR smo} =F mute 3 30. L=mor+ Io 2muR +{mk* +2 mk* \o| k | u 3 d [2moR » 3 moi 20 wR i 3 31, AsJo-constant > T Fo dur’ 3 “Tum? smr’ amo 2 ur + mp? sin? 6 2 —__, Ms2msn™ 6" 38. hoy = + mr) oy a 10x 10-* x 81x 10" x 90 ~ 100-90, =729 x 10 kg-m? 164 8x 081 Tes 8 x 00225 = 808 05 revls 178 x 05revis 227 revis OE, -Anot Leas 649 cot 2094 1) 1), phot $a + 018) 227 x 2n)* = 181 aw =E, - Mus 85. (@)(2MR? + mR? Joy =2 MR*@ @ per?” 181J-399 5 iM +m 2 Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 11 and Ey = or (1 BY ab or firh ne i) While, fy + fy =Ma Gi) From Bas. (i) and i), f= $Me and f =7Ma 3M. AF cos 0 _ 3MF cos 0 “4 3M 48m 3M 18m M_4F cos 0 _ MF cos 0 | Ms am BM am f and fy = 12 | Mechanies-2 37. = 1 are 1 =Ia=4mR*a > f =+mRa RR 3 has Ra-a=a => Ra=2a > f=ma PF -2ma=(M +m) a = F=(M+3m)a F oo M+ 3m 1 Rt (F ~ f) R= 1a =* mR w-/ 3 1 P-f=!ma r 2 2 faEme 7 mg sin 0-f =ma > mgsin0 =2ma . 5 2 sin@ and f -2mgsin6 e fa pmer 7 (a) For minimum value ofp, F =nmgcos 02mg sin Zany 2 2 orp ~2tan 0 = 2tanao°-—2— = Ztano=2 7a ohm (a =3 «10% sin 30° = 22 mys? 7 7 for. y alma 2 ©) For, a ° 2 We = f=pmg cost a=gsin® ~ugcos® = (sin 8-008 8) Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 13 = Objective Questions (Level 1) 1. I = Mk*, which depends upon, mass and. its distribution about an axis. 2. 3 AMEE MT? a0 ee on {2-2)\4 112525420 yng 3 Se oo 1728 «ogy Te i @ Qe 2 1 A (Dibro.ag angular momentum remouns 24x81 9 constant. Due to decrease in moment of 42. inertia, angular velocity increases and Pfam 2 5.1L! i 3 6. Masses cannot be compared as = 2m (Qu +v) 1b distribution is not given. 7. Asthe displacement of point of contact is zero, s0 work done by friction is zero. where, 2u=lo+0 => v=—lo+2u Aml? «= 2m (4u —1e) 1 mea 8. Due to melting of ice, water spreads on 6ml*o-8mul = = FFF outer side of the pan, increasing moment of inertia, which Teads to a decrease in angular speed due to conservation of angular momentum, =2m (Bu +0) L Lig 7 Rotational KE where, /3u=lo+v Translational KE 1 yy,2 Aml? «= 2m (2V3u — Le) L > bmb w= 4V8mul Btu 6 Qu _ Du Bm al? Oy a0 v= Bu lo su - 2 => v= constant, irrespective of the a inclination, but time is different because “1 i. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Mechanies-2 of different acceleration due to different inclination. ‘Moment of inertia is maximum, when masses are at maximum distance from axis. L asin 0- f =maand fR =a => 1+2 6 ‘As, there is no external torque, so angular momentum is conserved. ‘As torque due to friction about any point ‘on horizontal surface is zero, so angular moment about that point is conserved. 31 3 =2e+4tano=$ ae =0=37° = cos d= y 5x4) 2, Lemar tx(54)eE eet Due to elastic collision, velocity will reverse and not angular velocity, 60 it, a7. 18. 19. 20. will take some time to again settle to uniform rolling. During this time there will be shiping and its rotation will stop for a moment Moment of inertia about perpendicular to the plane and passing through centre of a square plate is “we and about an axis passing through its pit pas plane is Ma! _ Ma” _ 7, ie came for 26 2 AA’ and BB’ Due to clockwise torque, the spool will move rightward and 0, will the centre of mass. Toy =2fo > = 22 K, = 10} = Ky and 2 K,-ixaxe Tos AK =K, lig ~ Het 11 4 Li ~-dpeg 22° °° 1=[x?dm= a 2 anstde p tof nf = Aap car? -R°)= yah ok? aR 2 13" M = [Mp Ane de = Aap La 4 2 Ry Aap 8R? -R ze ) 3M 28nR? 2) ur* 35 pe Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 15 1a fetam=[)etn{ -fife ote T=myi + mrt Substituting the values we get, (ae 1 =Jat =| x4dm =[x*-0-2y de 220] xtan0-de and 1 =f +{-) a) =2otan0-[ ide =20tan 6 Ma? 2 Ty ihy =Iy 27, =1:7 pe ML 4, (L_Ly =1,+6M© -71, = fol! tan Geos’ 8 a3, 1=ME . y(E (274) M=fdm=Jo-2y de 2 Mp ! eed MIE Ma ~2otan of sde=2otan ode 2 16 2" |, 413 yp =atand-L? cos? @ i 7 sol? + 28 =i Me 4 4 48 4M Br 33 AM py Baye = «As 3 32" er 8 an r= Mens 2 fie (Shana G 16 | Mechanics-2 29. Is both have same mass and same radius, ie., same distribution of mass, 30, that is why both of them,have game moment of inertia.{ As I = 2 ik) 10 ye] JEE Corner = Assertion and Reason 1. It depends upon the axis, whether it is parallel or perpendicular to the plane of rotation. So, assertion is not always ‘true. 2. Due to anti-clockwise rotation, friction will start acting leftward, for which translational speed will increase and angular speed will decrease till the moment, when pure rolling starts. So, assertion and reason are both true but not complete explanation. 3. Hollow sphere has larger moment of inertia, such that it has lesser rotational kinetic energy, so assertion is false. Rs + Ks =Ry + Ky x 2upta? + 1M? 5 2 Reason is true explanation of assertion. Reason is true explanation of assertion. Reason is true explanation of assertion. As one goes from A to D, distance of OM first decrease and then increase, so moment of inertia also first decrease and then increase by applying parallel axes theorem. So, assertion is true but reason Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 17 is false, as perpendicular axis theoremis 2 also applicable. 8. If linear momentum is constant, then angular momentum from a particular : + £4. | axis remains constant as the projection of distance remains constant. So, assertion and reason are both true but f not correct explanation. 9. ve =v + Ra vg =o? + Rat F-f=ma 1 and v4 = -Ro f-2ma > F-2 ma 5 5 > Ug > Op Ua 5p sn So, assertion and reason are both true Smaagh=5N but not correct explanation. 2 sN-2N 10. Reason is correct explanation of, aes assertion, 3. 11. Here, reason is false as when plank was . . at rest then work done by friction was not zero, = Objective Questions (Level 2) f T+f=ma > T=ma, f =0, t-pt=ta=ma 7 mg —T=m-2a mle = mg=3ma Ting = a8 £ ze, acceleration of the ring is £ while : 2g ees that of block is —&. 3 Here, f =0 18 | Mechanies-2 2p(h+R) aR Further, p = mu = m(Re) R Solving we get, h =. 1g we get, h => 9 7, = ME and 7, = ME 2 4 1) <7, 1,1 10. Mg -=Ma While, MgR dur’ ay aor -3Ma = a-4F a 2 1 6. =P -1Ma= f 2 aR 1 11. 2x? = Mgxsin® 3 fe Ma sin 8 right, 7. 2g -T =2aand TR = Ia -1 4 R 13. v=ro=l(a + bf) =la + lbt v(¢=0) =la =1m x 10rad/s =10mis, on 2th +B) ¥=10 jmis 3mR™ 4. pth-)-{Snk*) 0 15. 16. a7. aj-loi =lbj-la+ bri =5mvs j-100m/s* For pure rolling, a = © Pt ORT Here, &, oR} 4 -ai-Rais RI a oe 8 Here, Ie IpTo Ig Due to anti-clockwise torque by F and rightward F, the point of contact has the tendency to move rightward, so, frictional force acts leftward. For, no rotation of the spool, /R = Fr -LPof @ 18. 19. 20. 21. 22, Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 19 ‘As N provides clockwise torque about instantaneous centre of rotation and rod also rotates in clockwise sense with increasing angular speed, so, normal reaction does positive rotational work. L=d=Io-1 mito 3d a ‘ f, = ym co N= anh ack nt toppling til, > bie, ME > orp > mh mg a Immediately after release, the free end is in free fall and so, is the coin, thus, reaction on the coin is zero, Fr = Rand Feos0 =f Feos0=F2 20 | Mechanies-2 23. “ t (a) 24, Ty? mr and a =gsin@ + pigcos 0 b= at=re=r(o) - al) g(sinO + e080) f+ ral =e ra +g (in8 + cos) 04 x 54 2x 2x gx cos 37° 04 x —2 —_ 03 + (omar) 25. Ra oat at =" pet nat =o pet _ mek 2 mk™ 5 @=— 0 +08 Bae, 2R vb =~ 0 R + Rat 3 -ut Suet 3h 2 Bu 2 2 i ygt =u Suet a ai) Pc =! sing0’ 2 Instantaneous axis of rotation is at points P. = _ (mg PC) T T Further, mg - N= ma = m(PO)a. Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 21 So, acceleration is towards centre and resultant velocity is at an angle of 45° with it 32, F=maand FE =" g 27 2 orma = ME orLa =6a ay - 22 -a=30-a-20-2% 2 88, Instantaneous centre of rotation forms an equilateral triangle, so, IA = L. Lo=v or o=% L 34. L = mvL cos 8 =constant =o mol cos 0 T oro <4, with increase of distance of T particle from origin, moment of inertia increases, so, angular velocity decreases. aT = gdm + oPxdm (2038s) Mae Me f * Bar Mg ly, 3x) MBs ae wa OT) 2 37. 38. 39. 41. Mechanies-2 L=Io+m-Ro-R =Ieb + mR f+ mR*~ moR T (+ mR?) - 7 As the point of contact has a net forward velocity, friction acts in backward direction, which tries to bring back the disk at its initial position, da 7B ~veo830° dt dsec30" a -veos 30° = @=4eos* 30° a 40m/s 3 30m 4 =Irad/s Locus of all other points is an ellipse. But locus of a point P such that, OP = is a circle, When A hits ground, velocity of all points excopt 0 is vertically downward with no horizontal component. And Q, at rest. SN Laon ft=mv (i) ad Roto 2nty 0) Friction will stop acting when, vs Ro=ty ou From Eqs. (i) and (i), moR = 2mR*@ > Ro- 5 2 From Eq. (iit), 5 In case of pure rolling, displacement of point contact is zero, So, work done by friction is also zero. F-f-=ma PR=T a= 2mBa 1 1 -Lmka > f-1ma 2 f 2 50. f=Zma and Fema + f=Sma Angular momentum is conserved about a point which net torque is zero. Let this Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 23 point is at a distance x above point of contact, 80 2 ¥ fO=F oR) or 3 ma-x=3 matx -R 3 pray -B) or x=3(x-R) es k f 1 51. mgh = iy anf! m3) 52. mt? Tr 4 matt 3 iy wa 4 Amt + 2mt® 22 mt 3 (ue Tyee: =Tyye + 4m 2) 2) = More than One Correct 2? 4 mit = Options 3. L = Dise or glinder Resultant volocity of particles in rogion ABC is greater than that in CDA. So, (KE) age > (KE) ep4 Similarly, vg¢ >ven > Kgo > Ken and ven =na > Ken = Koa 24 | Mechanies-2 4 ’ Net acceleration at Ais vertical, at Bit ° may be vertical, atC it cannot be horizontal and at E it may be horizontal | lettward . rie ‘Qml* — 2ml* \ 7. maf 2) |( 2m, Sel | tao) [a2 ae} olan wee u-Ro=v u+Ro=3v L 1 4 = w-2vandRo-v amis J =mvand J (h-R) =o mv (h-R)=1mR*o a “iN ’ Mechanics of Rotational Motion | 25 For,v=Rah-R=2R > h=2R for 4 4 pure rolling, If impulse is through centre of mass, h=R, then there is no angular impulse and no rotation, [R= Ia. GmRto oA = vp e0t87? =F 2 2 -2Rma= f-2ma 8 ms ° Ute 5e mgsina-f =ma = mgsina y Tena? 0 =2ma > a=Sysina ...6i) sn fg = Match the Columns PF sug cosa; f=Zma-smegsing yp. 2 nyt Ty = 2 mrt, Ty = Amr? 22mg sina 5 3 2 p> 2mssing imgesa (@) As Ty is maximum for hollow sphere, it takes maximum time to reach at the bottom. > = p22tana 5 (®) As fall n height is same for all, so is o their KE s (©) Rotational KE is also maximum for Tyg (@) As rotational KE is minimum for Ts, 80, its translational KE is maximum, —> p 2, (a) As Dis at maximum distance from point of contact, so, angular impulse is maximum for A> p (b) Linear speed acquired will be same for any point > s (©) There can be pure rolling, if angular impulse is such that velocity of point of contact is zero. It is possible when impulse is applied at A> p ¥) Rol 58s Rol i 1 N37 (d) Forward slipping will be there for dv RoE +427 Ro sure, if smpule ia provided below E teat 3r => Ap =mav 3. (a) As the point of contact tries to move: downward, so, friction acts upward And the value of friction will be self adjusting > p, s 26 | Mechanics-2 (b) As the point of contact is slipping downward, so, limiting friction is acting upward —> p, r (©) As the sphere is slipping upward, so, limiting friction is acting downward ar (@) As the sphere is slipping downward, so limiting friction is acting upward Spr mia? 13 _ 2a =Zmeh =(Rotational KE), => aq me* = 2 -2m 10 Linu? =8-mg# 2 7 12 25 oF + Emu Lat 2 wel 5 mgh = (Translational KE), i > bos (Rotational KE), = (Rotational KE), 25 = 2S mgh=2mgh > 6 5 14 "e P (Translational KE), f,, =WMg =0.2x 10x 10 =20N 1 maand f =1ma f 2 Froax = 5 "max = =F= son 10% 5 => =6s, ie, there will be pure rolling till t=6s > asqr 1 0 Gravitation = Introductory Exercise 10.1 Lg = 8 -Rot cos? > g-637 x 10° 4a? * Geax 10 2x? 637 x 107 (864)" = g- 00168 m/s* Ag =g -g' = 00168 m/s® 2 g'=g-Ro* x cos? 45° f_4 ~.__1__ 400% 10° 1600 x 10° 1 4 = = 79 x10" rads (0% 1070 3, p=, =064¢ = (ea) 1 Ye = 1=064(144 UTR oss =-Gxyi+ 3x2j+3y72]+ yh 4. Only the variation is given along x-axis, nothing is about y and z axis, so, the statement is false. 20(x + y)=- 2011+ jl F-ME-31-204 +51 =-100+) > F=103N 6. W=[aW = [fds =[mE ais ay) = mf E,dx + mf E,dy =f? ade 41) * ay =0 = Introductory Exercise 10.3 1. Escape velocity is given to overcome the potential barrier and just free the particle from a system, such that its total mechanical onergy is just zero at infinity. So, the statement is true 2, K-GMm OM pn ome. R R* 3. Gmym, Tay om, = 1p 2x 867x107 @-D 20-30 pee =10% 10° Vs 33107 mis mug lm 15? - 1.2)? km/s =10 km/s 5. wat Gm __GMm_ RG+0R sy ~ [PAU _ Pak Gravitation — | 29 = Introductory Exercise 10.4 4, 7 2m, mo" _GMm 1. AK =aU. om OM pm = mek R mal 0 = Re v= 2x 6400 10" x 10 = 842 x 10° m/s =8/2 km/s =11.2km/s 2. In planetary motion areal velocity, ie., angular momentum and ___ total ‘mechanical energy is conserved. 3. mv; _GMm aR ORY 5 Lay? Mm 207 4R 5. and 2 Gm 4R (AR) = 1 nv? - Mm (a) v = ViBv, =1220, 2 aR While, v, = /2v, =141v,, 0, the > Ki M4 2 oy satellite will not escape from the x, wT planet, rather it will revolve in -cMm elliptical orbit U, SR 2 @) As, v, =V2v,, while, v=2u, ke, U, =GMm pot the satellite will escape. aR AJEEE Corner = Subjective Questions (Level 1) — 2. p 1 a,- 2-2 AN 667 x 107 x2 ~ ORF y = 8x 22x 10" mis? 4 8 Gm* =53 x 107° m/s* & a, = OM 1, Om (yd 2 ee) = 265 x 107 m/s? And the net force is directed along PB. 1 2 =1 g =245 ms if ms oe 2(R-x)(R +2)” 2(R* =x2)(R +2) or Ro + Ree-R-2° =P? ors? +3? R—aR* =0 ors? + Re-R® xo dtr+ JR? ER?) 2 1 5 =1 LR glk + SRI 5 (5-D p z 9. w, =mgandw, = mg - mo?R 4 x 6400 x 10° (86400)" 4x 64x10" | (864)" E apparent So (gk = IR _, |e4o0x10" rg FR 9p [840020 ea =16n« 10 = 5026.55 = 14h and o= jg = |" __ \ 40010 — 4 ele 11g) page f bea] A 2h armapi-(0-2) |-6 2] oR? _42R® _ oR 2 og TT = 125 « 107 rads orh Gravitation | 34 (6400 x 10° |“ =2( S40) x = 2 m, ée., the particle 7m Pi 23. 24. can travel from 2n(A) to 22m, after it will reach at B x -av-(% 400 Gx _ (Gx 400«1 2078 =1006{2+2)-1006(& ers) 0 1225 @ = 817 x 10° J @) TE=aU+K= GMm _GMm QR 4 1,GMm 3 GMm 2R 2° OR 4° RK 3 = 3 x2% 10" x 10x 6400 10% -ix6 4x10! J=96x 10" J _GMm () TE = AU 4K GMm = 3 * 64 « 10" J=107 x 10" J n) then 100% 1) 8} Gx 100% 1) 1078 Energy needed =(107 98) x 10" J= 11x 10° 5 (a) F- GME _ mut aR OR jew bv — [OM (b) VR’ r OE (a) KE Gravitation | 33 GMm (b) PE = GM2m re =-26Mm ang the satellites will start falling towards the centre of earth, “R and Ty (Bs) ove ap 7, (Ry) . > 1, -86/2h es _ [Ra fea feed r , ame VR 04 PES ams = 2244 kmh 1587 km/h fp =3831 km/h GMm 27, @) fear to x60 [667 x 107" x6x 10 “Y 8400% 10° =69 x 10° m/s =69 km/s () K = 4 mv? =2 «10° « 69)? «1085 ria) =238 x 10°F 667 x 107 x 6x 10% x 10° ‘8400 10° =~ 476% 10° nx 8400 212h 2g, Me For earthsun system, - [ot VR eR 2k and tii) 1 4 yreortyr 2a Ge Gately A) Rik oR (Real 15 Mim 79° =R GM sae TRL 7900, =F, >E, So, it requires less energy to take it to 1500 km above, than to put it in circular orbit. (by For, B, = B,, oR = Objective Ques h___GMm Reh 2RH = h=R2=6370/2=3185 km. Thus for 3185 km height, energy required to lift and that required to put in orbit are equal. (©) Similarly for 4500 km, energy required to lift will be more than that to putt in orbit. ns (Level 1) 1. Centripetal force is required for circular motion, which is provided gravitational pull by earth on satelite 2. In planetary motion total mechanical energy and angular momentum (areal velocity) are conserved. 3. Due to rotation and earth, Buy =& Ros cos” 6, where §=90° at poles, such that at poles g. ~ g, which do not depend on rotation of earth 4. The particle has to be fired with escape velocity, which is independent of angle of projection. a = jade MO Lat ot vp -¥, ay GiGi GM P RR oR* 80M, OM aR ore" is the equation of a parabola Gravitation | 35 (assuming earth to be of uniform density) . Tn electrostatics, f Rds -- and in gravitation, ~ €.da = 4xGm asq=mand—~—=G. Arty 7. In contre of mass system, a, =a, > Tat |. Field inside a shell is zero, so, a mass placed inside it do not experience any force. constant O° 2x 6400 10° rad/s “2x 107 88x10" rad/s 30M 16. Atcentre, V, andV, 1 Van-gMe GM _3 GM Reh aR = AR=3(R+h) = h=RB a. vy - Gin yy | GMm OTR U8 aR ay -GMm _GMm 3 GMm Rk 4k aR = nek 36 | 18. of planet. 19, v, = POM R es Te 4 _ Bx667 x10 734K IO” ama 23. According to Keplar’s law, 7? « — rad/s, presently, ors P ly, Qn On rad/s T 86400 86400 79 @ 16005 > @=1720, =x0, 28. = x-172 22. 0, =o, +0, Gravitation | 37 JEE Corner = Assertion and Reason 1. As PE is proportional to negative of inverse of distance that is why PE decreases with decrease in separation. ‘Thus assertion and reason are true but not the correct explanation, 2, Same explanation as Answer 1 3. While going from A to B, PE first increases, becomes maximum at middle and again decreases. Assertion and yeason are true but not correct explanation. av 4, £=-& at zoro, slope of V-x graph E 7 Pe grap is zero if_F is a function of x only, otherwise E =—V V, So, assertion is not always true 1 5. Lm and 3 J pay? Mm R a Eek ween Te RR ir = AAR + Ahh! = RAY shi => 4 AR = Rh - 3hh' =(R - 3h)h = h = 4h. R e4h Rm So, assertion is false 6. In planetary —_— motion, angular momentum of the planet is constant but itis not true for the system, So, assertion is false. 7. Only geo-stationary satellites are on ‘equatorial plane, not all, So, assertion is false. 8 Reason is assertion. true for explanation of 9. Assertion is true but reason is false (and even Moscow is not at equator). 10. Both assertion and reason are true but not correct explanation. fa Don Lt and pout 11, = SEE soas Ris decreased, g increase, thus assertion is false. = Objective Questions (Level 2) 1. p= GMm mo® _GMm 1" RR” 2R AR? > v= [OM 2R GMm (1 m ga Finally, £, =- 0" 42 ay) ar a a) GM. ng mM 1, GM 2R 2” RE 2. See: Q.5, P-92 3. See: Q. 5, P-123 GMdm_ Ba (Bat vay 2a =o! R-2v0 meio) & Rg 9. According to Gauss’ law field inside the cavity is uniform and depends upon the ‘mass of sphere of radius a. to 3am oR Lyn GM 26 QR ou = POM _ ff) _ By, VR Yay V2" om _-av 1 aM & Pe dr vdr = vomit de [en So, graph in (a), (b) and (¢) are correct. |. AW = AU + AK = AU=AW-AK =-55-2x 1x3? 2 =-105 av =28 _-10sKg 2p GMm 2 BR pyaGM sus , itis independent of angle of projection. Gm2m _Gm3m _ G3m2m __Sm* _3V2m* =- 26 439) Gm3m _Gm2m _G3m2m u, Gm? 2 aw =au=2 ai-5—3\2) _6Gm* 1 4) Gravitation | 39 17. Smo? = 2 R 2R aR [em > vu VR 18. 16 3m-v a More than One Correct Options and 2. A geo-stationary satellite revolves at a height 36,000 km on equatorial plane with a time period of 24h. 3. Particle performs SHM inside tunnel but not outside surface, so, if just performs periodic motion with amplitude, (R +h) then Lt -36Mm _GMm _GMm 2 2k ROR = 4, Eo Gm =Gm atx =-Oand7, B= 2 lew P| So, field first decreases and then So, V first increases and then decreases. 5. As there is no mass inside B, So. field between A to B is zero, ie,, potential between A to Bis constant. Gm _G3m wet Potential between B and C is not zero at any point. 6, On exchanging masses, potential at centre remains unchanged, but field strength increases and its direction also changes, 7. 1 will stop at minimum height while 2 will have a tangential velocity. 10. (Reference : Q. 18; P 132); and particle 2 will rise lesser height than 1, as 2 do not looses its entire KE. And particle 1 returns earlier, While going from A to B, KE increases and value of PE decreases, where speed is minimum at A, Angular momentum. remains unchanged, Mm _y R K, vx di s0,0, =20, Pat IG so with increase on, =2n asved A inG,v increases and T decreases. = Match the Columns 1 GMm up) = for PE r2R, ie, decreases continuously from A to B. aq U(r) =Le., From B to C, PE remains constant = - 24 orp b +s R Speed from B to Cremains constant. es As between Bto C there is no field, So acceleration becomes zero and it increases from Ato B. d—>r Gravitation | 44 Gravitational field at centre is zero, @ Vey --2M@ 9 1, 4g ar. Gravitational potential at centre By dy 2 5Gm 4. aw au -Gém _GMm - abs Him _ Git " ry 1 GM With four masses, & = 22 5 St me . 1 =e pandV — AGm a yma or r mu* _GMm 1 ads mot GMm 1, 2k aR mgR => b> p . g=maximum atr=R=> a> g-Oatr-Oandr=23 b> p V =minimum atr=0= ep 3GM “OR” V=0xr-=23d 5s 11 Simple Harmonic Motion = Introductory Exercise 11.1 1. Fix) =x* ~6e B, =F (e+ 40) - Fo) = (e+ Ax} ~6 (x + Ax) -2? +6 =2x Ax —6ax =~ (6 -2s) Ax =6Ax for x=0 3 =§ (translational ener ie By) PE =Translational energy —KE ~Translational energy - $ (7B) = ; (Translational energy) (2 18 x 0.25)" mm) = 00075 + 00035 = 001 =01m =10em + (0.05)? x= Asin (ot +0) x5 1 > Aw =sin (ot + 0)=sin = (ot +0) =sin 2 qos 0-8 + 6 4. (a) Maximum displacement = 15¢m = Amplitude w= aq |" =2n/ 1 wv-3 sly gia? (18 =2m of =3x2x 82 (015? =1.695 2g = (©) ge = A0= 015 x ol _ 4. ‘\ax10° 100 ‘Simple Harmonic Motion | 43 7 16x af 20 dn =z =e Qn“ 180180 45 4500 =14% 10 5 8-05 T>% (8 Bay = Ve? at a Pina \@ ay 3. Tal > AT Lang T 2 = at=arao 2 With increase in temperature, pendulum clock becomes slow. (AY 2-4. 38 at =). 12% 10% « 8640020 \ 00) Tooo 2 Ppprox mex. == 4 12% 8648 mre 8 og =10.378 % Error 1000 4. = 04% = Introductory Exercise 11.2 1. At equilibrium, 44 | Mechanics.2 = Introductory Exercise 11.3 1 bt, i 2 ~ Rat om ai.1,_1 Req | R BRBR T, =2n, V2k 1 4. time period becomes = times, = Introductory Exercise 11.4 Forr +0 = Ug = 2% and ft rt) + noR* (R* -r?) no (R? -r*)g-R Rae sy oRt R 2 forr >R = Ly =2R 2. Here, [yg =35em and 1=200m [1 _», lar As, T =2n|— =2n, |e ‘Ymal & bee 1 ml leg 200 gx 20m x = 14x10 g-cm® = Introductory Exercise 11.5 1. Here, a, =30¢em (a) For, Ab= a,=49 em and 0,4 =a = Oy + 40+30=70cm (b) For, Ab= a= Jat + 60", [ak +a} + Baya, 005 5b = (PB ABT = 61m = Subjective Questions (Level 1) 1 2. 3. (©) For, 46-900 yal +a = +3? =500m (A) For, 46 = 180°, a = aygyy = — ay wo 30 idem xx; +x) =4 sin (00050 +8sin [10006 +2) rons ‘Simple Harmonic Motion | 45 3sin = sin |100x¢ + 443.0% 5) 57 ain 100 + 98 7 Att=0,x=4sin0+3sin 2 (a) Ate=0, sin § _ 33 anits (©) gue = a0= 100597 nit (0) @yyay = oa = 1007)" V37 unit AJEEE Corner fa) 20% 10g =k 7x 107 3) 2 agin aces oy rane anal Ve V 2077 =2n/175x 10 =0.848 ame a 7 ae 180Nn k a k & aT = oO = Ag =2n Av =2nx 8x 107 x 2mis =3.2 nem/s=0.101 mis Ange = Aa? = 4A =Axnt x 4x 8x 10% =1.26mis* Fogg =RA = mabye =0.5 ¥ 1.264 =0632N, 078 s 4 -2! 0,05 =-0.2mi/s* 0 =Vgax = AW=0.2%2 =04 mis For, x and a =a, =0 6 x=Asin(ot +3 > sinb= or 3 =F ain (2 3) 30°" loos‘ *°) > += 4 sn(o+a 46 | Mechanics.2 or 6 (€)v = Aaeos wt = 0.08x 1.57 cos =0 ()a=aPx =o#A =(1.57)* « 008 m/s? 197 m/s* 12. (a)u = ofA? — x} andv =A? —x3 Wat =x3) -04(At xd) > 2-0?) A? = 023 -v*xf) va? -uPad [2 > A ®. oF au ()u; = ofA? —¥F sty = ofA ust —uted P =A [ woul 16 x > o 4 or 8~ A con® = 72) Toe = a AY xt 10, x=Asin ot mn 2n wet uid So, distance travelled is 2A, In the a next 4s it again travels 2A but from _ tad - ut other side. hae 22k b) x) Asin a= A, tate ub (b) (2) 3 LY ba aa ie, distance is travelled A in first “la 2s and again A in next 2s but from Vat other side. = 7% 11. (a) A =008 m ° lod il 3 boy -u=8, 2, = wk-u=1E, 2 ed 4 14, At equilibrium, mg = hxg me ok At a distance y below equilibrium position, spring energy and sravatatonal energy 1s given by U=U, + U, =2RU + x0)? —may > Xo 2 Lye Lye = hy? + hyey + thx} — men gh thy +5 ey Lye ma = Ehyt bey ME ae ne 1 2 If equilibrium position is taken as ; xd — may a lage hy? 4 Lae’ ty + kG reference frame, then ght can be considered to be zero, such that 15. At mean position, Baa? =2 om, + m,)0* a 3 OVE Ym em, ‘Simple Harmonic Motion | 47 16. (a) At equilibrium, F or AS F [Mw = xy =2=Aand T= 20) ok a (yw = [aw =]"r ke de PPP Fo oe 2k tk 1m =10em 1 mv = Fey ~Lhxd (k= Psy -W F 10 #100 (BU +K =F hsb + 17. (a) x» J 100% on? + dx 1x2" 250 FN to 3 (a ER (A)? =E me? = Anolt wt <2] 0 a VT 1 2 Fh Gy +A) gh tte + AY 1 2 = 2% 100« 0.3)" =4.55 3 0.3) © U=2hA-m) = 4x 100% (on)* = 055 1B. King <2 mth <2 2 2m fxsxto> [orxonF [2 VA? =4rad/s #=Asin {ors 4 7 =01sin{ 4e+ 48 | Mechanics-2 19. U=10+(x-2 aw BU gym e deo > de (x -2) F, =-28x = he . ado= [A =F -1rae 0 Vn V2 (b) At mean position U=10d and K =26- 10-163 At extreme position U=26J and K =0 5 yam particle oscillates between e-tmto 6m ao, rT 23 _ 4 1,,,|7 Og PON Se ES o (E87 2\e 4 Ve 4 21. Ky =2K 42K =4K and T 4 3 xpGimx 37 mgt) 4 =-hx => k= AnpGm > ha a0 >Fanx i, the particle will execute SHM jn (8 T=25]™ Ve a [ASF atx Baas 24, mg =kxy; F, =F (x + Ax) - F(a) = h(x + Ax) hx =k fm oan] 25. F, =-(kAx + AAxog) == Gh Aog Ae T =2n, m ie aoe =n 100 + 20% 107 x 10° x 10 ‘Simple Harmonic Motion | 49 1 fo 4 2 [20 038 Hz 2nV35 07 29, x= Asin of and y~Asin(20¢ + Aces 2.0t =A d-2sin! on =a(1-25) a 2s = A-2.22 equation of parabola yoA-2 a 50g 30, s=Asin(or-2) + Asin of 3 ssn = Asin ot +2A sin ot con =2A sin ot So, resultant amplitude is 2A. B1. A= A? +A? + 2AA cos @ =2A cos! = cos? -}~cos® 22 ag=0=28 3 32, x =x + ny =2sin 00st + 2ain (120 +2) 3) (43) ) aain(x+4) +20 (2u -2sin2-2sin7 a 6 -VB-1--2414em (by x= sin 26 x= 24in(3n+ 2) sin [2+ 2)+ ein (an+2 2sin = -2sin - 3 em 2e {05 08% =027 em 50 | Mechanics-2 = Objective Questions (Level 1) 1 2. x=Asin of > A= Asin ot 2 als Ti 2 Potential energy becomes maximum to ‘maximum in time”, whereas oscillation 2 takes a time T. So, frequency of oscillation is half of frequency of potential energy. tefasfaias ff "2 T fo T T Ti2 1 2 vsajA® —* = v? =0%(A* - 2°) aut + atx? =o At or 4 is an equation of oe ae * ellipse. ‘As initial and final distance of centre of mass from the point of suspension is same that is why the time period 10. 1. 12. 14. , =0.89 7, ie., T, is 11% lesser than 7 As in (b) two parts of the function has different frequencies their addition will ead to periodic motion Lissajous figures but not simple harmonie motion. + 4sin xt 4? 44? 42x 4x 408 Sin (at + 0) Fain (at + 0 q = AV2 sin (xt + 0) [me m ZT, = 20 Vee ON, s0=\P Let the time in which X completes n oscillations is ¢, then during that time Y completes (n ~ 1) oscillations to come in same phase ‘Simple Harmonic Motion | 51 Therefore, t = 4n =4.2(n-1) F =~mo*x, so, the F - t graph will be as 24.2=0.2n => n=21 in (b). 15. kx =mg => k= ME —— pean /Me™ Vr 19. uate => y=mx, is a straight line passing through origin. The answer will voy? -F = 0x3: be (@) as x* cannot have negative value 26 ¥= V2" —1° = on’; (for real x). la| = atx =o 20. SF =o = o-V8,v- 2-48 BeBe at. g -M ana g EM 4R* & 7, 21. At positive maximum displacement force is also maximum but negative, as T, = V2, =W2s 52 | Mechanics-2 28. x=3 sin of +5sin (ot +37°) = 18c08 ot =S4in ot 16 sin (or -2) 4+ 5sin (ot + 37°) 5 3 Teas 73» alN\Z R= 13.89 \s is is 29. When the two SHM are in same direction, the resultant will also be SHM and when they are in perpendicular directions, they will form Lissajous KK -U=50k Sx hx =32k HB Koger = 064 Knue v=0A? —# =a)a? 4 yea Fd = ae (a) is correct while (b) is wrong. B1, kx 4x 107 =m x05 =4-_0 m 4x10" _50_25 figures performing periodie motion but [e_ (55 not SHM. But at 37°, particle will not On VE perform SHIM as well as not travel in straight line, =853 radia 80. Kay =U = 108 =504 22 Mag moke mo = 002m 00 JEE Corner = Assertion and Reason 1. For, x=A cos of, particle is at x= A at 1=0, but the displacement is measured from mean position, So, assertion is false. 2, Assertion and reason are both true but reason is not correct explanation, 3. Assertion is true, while time period of = oscillation is 2/7, s0, the reason is false, 4. BA-Asin ot 2 > AtolA 2 = ay -2 T_T 62 Reason correctly explains assertion. 5, In uniform circular motion also particle performs SHM, so assertion is false, 6. Ifspring is halved, then spring constant becomes twigs and, as mass is halved then of = [2% =2/% =20 te, angular lz frequency gots double. Thus, assertion is false 7. Assertion is false as if F ¢—x, then motion will not be SHM, 8. For x-Acos at between t=0 to 2a’ particle moves from one extreme to ‘mean position such that velocity and acceleration are in same direction, ie., angle between them is zero. Such that a-¥ =- aA cos wt x (~ aA sin of) cos 0 cos 0=@'A*sin at cos atcos as 08 0 =cos 0 = +1, then & V= positive. Thus, reason is true explanation of assertion, 9. In SHM, a =~ ats, acceleration 10009 lancer So, reason is correct explanation of assertion. and 7 =2" 10. Only uniform circular motion can be called SHM, so, assertion is false. = Objective Questions (Level 2) 1 U-dit = a BBL 200 495 Fos 16 ‘Simple Harmonic Motion | 53 3. yp =10sin of +10C cos ot = {10® + 10°C? sin (ot + 0) =10{1+C* sin (ot + 6) So, 101+ C7 = 40 1+C? =16 3c=V5 4, x =2sin Gn) > (08) =2sin (15 9) 7. x=Asin of = v = Awcos ot and a=-ofAsin ot v? _ Ata cos? ot @ Aotsin® of 54] Mechanics-2 a oF Be a or va? (A*® -v2) -a?ate® or Abt 2 or =a? + APat or y=-mx +e ie., a straight line with negative slope and positive intercept. 1, 1000 5-25 cm 3°30 7am | -2n| 28 Ve 10 1.4.2 Ty Ty Tp =: |= fat Tp To =eihi le Ty >Te>Ty > hot o B<< F=Oatx=2,ie,x=2is the equilibrium position. ‘As particle is released from x=~3, s0 amplitude is 5 m, ‘Thus, maximum x coordinate is 2ms5m=7m, Simple Harmonie Motion | 55 m3 VEO 1, =20 16. T=2n \ Aa. |pma-m |_k oy ht e \nma-w 17. x=Rsin ot 20, x=Acos ot = Bem=8 cos of > wot =09 18. F, In one time poriod distance travelled | d; = 4A, In one time period distance oO VYA travelled d, = 44. distance 4 In the remaining time travelled d, = A. Total distance travelled =5. 56 | Mechanics.2 04 m, @=30 rev/min _ 30x an. “0 T=" as rad/s 25, y==2e0s of =2sin{ ot - , (3) =2sin[ 21-2 )-2sin[ (osx 2) 26, x= Aon ot > A= A-cos ot _ al 3a Tie T 27. lal=o*A=g for weightlessness at highest point fe [E _ [400 ong = /£- 31. o=,|~ = |2° - 200 ona Vm V2 spo [e2 [e Pe =102 rad/s a VA 2nV05 2x 32, ma =kxy ma 2x5 80 a0 = More than One Correct Options 1. At oquilibrium, sin 0=ma and T eos 6 =me > tan a= @ =mjg? +a" 2. x =Acos (ct + 0) aA am (ot +0 at #=0,x=Acos Oandu and v= Asin 0 AL Acoso 2 = ewe(2)5 voted = Acos {2% \r =Asin(%e \T 3) 2 1x10 = 1% 10 003 v = (500 (00025 — 00004 - 06) = {105-08 mis = 045 m/s 1045 ems = 80V5 ems K -0a-5 =15mis* At natural length, U =0 +x, =6em ‘Simple Harmonic Motion | 57 = 3x, =6em > x, =2em and x, =4em Ta? ley? 2 2 2aet + devd =2ax a0 2 2 2 (008 30} + 60} =18 > uf +2oF =08 Again, — 3u; =6 = by = 2055 6vz =06,v, = VOL P, =myv, =601 Jy keme Ty2T a1: 5. At, (=, y= maximum a= maximum 0>F=0 au? + atx? i.e,, ox graph is an ellipse. a=-'x = y =-mx straight line 1. a=ate=460,A=2-)-15m 2 2 ges = A= 15VTO0 = 15 mis 8, Samo phase means a phase difference of 2na, te., their displacoment, velocity, acceleration are equal. 9. y=8 sin 100xt + 4 (1 -cos 100x1) ~6 sin 100nt ~ 4 cos 100n¢ -2 =5 sin (LOOnt + 0) -2 = Match the Columns 1. x=2c08 of +2 Mean position is x =2, Amplitude is x =2 58 | 3. Mechanics-2 ‘Extreme positions are, x = 4 and x =0 where, PE is also maximum. While, PE is not zero between x =0to nad U=4 +4 ax*, where, 20=4 + aA? 16 oe yaa ls a v(A)eae the acess la) a ufA\-a. 18.42 la)" a «(4 -20-u{4) 153 4] G U@=45 > K@=20-4=165 20-u{A)-20-8 125 V2) At hy, a £0, v40 and x40 but a = positive =x --ve andy =-ve Att, a=0,0 20and x =Oatt,, area is and at mean position velocity is maximum, x=2sindxt, ov a=-32; Pa =A@=8r mV/s = 251 mvs, Sreos dnt and sin 4xt So, velocity never becomes 30 m/s 7 a2h me 1, @ 4x 2 So, in 1s particle completes 2 oscillations. So, speed becomes 10 mvs, 8 times in 2 oscillations and velocity 4 times. Kea =himitg = 3 So, it becomes 400 J, 8 times in two oscillations. Gpax = 32 x7 =320 m/s, in two oscillations it becomes — 100, 4 times. 4+ Gain at ate=Se,x=-2m, 2 andt=2s,x=4m, So, G@lmo4m Tetstog 10m57m F 5 Al x — as Young's modulus of A is x 10% an Bx10! 18 2 a _ ay ‘twice of B, so elongation of A will be half 90x10" 90 of B x “ dy = (428 on? 90% 250mm AIEEE Corner = Subjective Question (Level 1) py Foy eA a4 Far a Fal en Sat =a _ [aaooxs d= |—_________ F) 8 2 21x10" «314x210 BLT) wtb x to! Nim “s [43 =107 | 48 _ im \f2x314 4 =19« 10 m=1.9mm. 4aF wx 15x 10° (E) 23% 10° Nin? 60 | Mechanies-2 x09 (ata 107 0 092 mm ana x5 qmeetde pea YA 2 fl ede =O ¥ bo _ 8x10? «98 «25 Bxdx 10" =49% 10 m BY) (nem +m) aal 98x 107 m x 108 \Alo Ao 108 x 6x 107 on" perot eba07 7 4o-s0-18%§ (F)\ (m +m) " By sme ga aa sm S210 135107 6 sang D So, lower wire will break if m >14 keg. ie., maximum load which can be put on hanger without breaking wire is 14 kg Fis both have a cross-section area and subjected under same tension, 13 pap _phog BOB 400 « (1030)? x 10 “Pa a0 24109) 90 gin? ny = Mal _ Veet y, V@-0) at YA "YA YA => A= Aly ~ ah, = Ya8l YA 107 x 800 10x 3 x(@x 10)? x 8x10 210m =-239x 107 m ope. 8P whee 180% 10" «9.8 WIV aviv = 1.76 « 10 Nim? FIA ait 107 10. ¥ 5 [2x10 xmx4x10* x10? |) S(2 10 sate 10 230) | 35 495-50) =200 a(S } mu? _yR-28-08 FL _2nv® mRx20R 4x? v* mR* At _2evi met Qn YP But m = (2nR\(nr*)(p) Substituting the values we get, pe ae AE VOR FL “YA YA (60+ 6x 4x 4x? x 06) x 06 2x 107 x 5x 10 12. al =38x 104 m 13. 20, +T, =mg @ Al, =Al, TL TL AY, AY, 7h « 2 Solving these two equations we get, 7, -™ and T, 2 14. B A _— (a) At centre TH" a, 2 rb stress=2 La, Ss oh (b) At distance x from end B: T, = may =(xsp)ay f Ted pottol? “sy ay 15, Bnorgy stored in strotched wire = msA@ = Objective Questions (Level-1) 1 0=-Basav AB Vv 2. Young's modulus do not depend upon length of radius of wire. Itis constant for a material. Elasticity | 61 pee sped 7 i Daring fe fal stres developed inthe rod rao, there en elongation ah-K __ dp _ 12x10 «104 “Aviv 03 x 10 4% 10° Nim® Fy al_mw A U iA ——_ aun JEF 4- Bcaget0? x10 Vn A” Vi0 =2x 10° Nim* 9. System is bound or force is attractive when potential energy is negative wo. y= LE AN AG-) AG—D = Tl, -0-T ,-D = Ty -Th =(T,-7,)1 aa, a= t mal _ malt _ pal” YA YA YAL Y 4-5 Al, ~ 481, =4al 62 | 12. 13. Mechanies-2 Al =1a QU =3x Fx at-dya al YA(al® _YAI? a? (ay* “a a 2 yar a? (a0* ¥ a? (a0)” = 310" « 144 « 107 x 400 = 72 403 =2880 I Al, =a A0=1« 10 x 20m =2m, = AM, =1mm al T =10" x a =10° Nim* B a Fy _pSF, 14. dT =p dea pS dx Fo — PSF iy e 0s m PSL =f ds L es JEE Corner = Assertion and Reason 1 5. 6. Elasticity depends upon Young's modulus, which is more for steel as more stress is required to produce same strain, Le., reason is true explanation of assertion, Assertion and reason are both false as Bulk modulus of gas depends upon thermodynamic process, while the relation between pressure and temperature also depends upon thermodynamic process. Assertion is false as Young’s modulus do not depend upon length while reason is true. Assertion and reason are both true but not correct explanation, Reason truly explains assertion, Assertion is not true as it is true only with in elastic limit. By P_1_ 18 pr Bas is true and z, reason is also true but not correct explanation. = More than one Correct Options 1. dW Fede = beast it is possible when, Y, Lg but as, = and Ly =Ly>A, r* (b) [strain] = Al/2=[MPL°T" | pg (FIA) _ OO Tara [stress] Elasticity | 63 (MLT-*L*) =IMT*] > Fl 2 Y=) or Fl=YAM Aa @Ftottont ope WItsaltsp + F AME loa ons @Ytoalbogr 13> Fluid Mechanics = Introductory Exercise 13.1 1. Fy =p, A=hg eA and Fy =hy pea ash, Fy (ly —lh) p =25p; ~275p, 2x1 275 x08 2p L-h 136 186 25-22 =0.22em 136 5. Wi) py = pary + pe =(76 +20) pe 96em of Hg and p, ~ py = 20cm of Hg p= Po ~hape =(76—18) pg = 58 em of Hgand pp ~ p, = 18emof Hg (Gi) 13.6 em of water = 1 em of Hg, ie., Hg in left limb will rise by 0.5 em and on right limb, it will fall by 0.5 cm. Thus difference in Hg level will become 19 em. = Introductory Exercise 13.2 1. Voe=2V by #2 Voce =p, = Pw x10? +26 135x108 9, 225 10am? 25> 10" gin? . Vp, =210 g, Vip, -p.)=180 g and Vip, =p)) = 120g PsP, _180_6 eC s1- =>, =Tpy =7% 10° kgm! Pep, _120_4 3107 = 1-4-2 7 Py =p -Bo, 810" kph! |. As in equilibrium buoyant force and weight balance, so in accelerating lift both buoyant force and weight increase such that there is no change in volume of submerged wood, . AS Wy =w—B as water is placed in water, 60, apparent weight is zero. . If a body is placed on water, then it cannot displace water of more weight than its own weight as in such case, buoyant force will be more than weight, and the case buoyant jump up the liquid, which is not possible. 6 w+ Veg =Vog m=Vis-p) 120} (2-1)-100-% ke 06 06 1. The ammunt of water din and he “Titan we ean tame uch at Vie me = Vor = Vic-p) kg =80kg =10x5%% em=17em 9. Vpe=06V 08 > p =0.6 6; =600kgim* Vpe=085V 0, ¢ =P = 00 gins 0880.85 = 70588 kg/m * 10. Vog=me = m= ho=arho = nx (08 x 107)? x3 x 10% x 10 kg =nx064x3g = 603 & % = Introductory Exercise 13.3 1, AW =Fxs=271%05 =2x 7.2 107 x 107 x 107* 44 x 107 J 2, p= “2 aw=pav=*2 amar 4 Fluid Mechanics | 65 16x Tr dr We ff tee rdr=se re? Sar card aR? 3 3 Sear S Revs AS =27 x 4nR® — 4nr* ; 9 / AW =TAS=8 9° T ‘As wax seals thread capillaries which sucks water, that's why water cannot spread over cloth and cloth becomes waterproof, Pia Pa pe _ 2 Pia Ph (pe _ yA tad , (es (-PwR yi =s(1-2%2) 00)" (b) Atr =R=>v =0 dV _a(R*)( py wo 2] 3 1400 20 1005 = 7005 x 10“ m*/s 1 ®) apa. ©) apxze = 2 Ri _y ap RE 16 16Ap, = 224 x 10 Pa = Ap, 66 | Mechanics-2 wil o& aa For new value of, SF (08 7010-4 ma dt 0.469) 5x 107 m/s AIEEE Corner = Subjective Questions (Level 1) Lo me-Vowg 3 =Vne-3Vee = py -4o Pea 3P 2. Vp 4 =0095 N and V (p - 0) g =0071 > een p96 21-038 p86 96 = p= $a-8840kgim! 3. (V+ Dog-me+me 30g ° i07em™ ov 3 ~2em’ =28em* 4. TB-W-V(o-9)¢=me( 2-1) >} ena(_-1\n “hans ~") -H2y -2373N 3 5. Vog-Vpg+me = vem. 50 _ys s-p 1000-850 2m? -03 m* 3 6. (a)pV =10g,(p- 0) V=8g. 08>2-02 =5000 kg/m? =6g/em* = 108 <2em) =2% 10 m? P (b)(p -0) V=85g=1 v 2-085 - = of =015p =750kg/m* 7. B=Vog=1em* x 1giem® x 980em/s* = 980 dyne Wry =20% 980dyne +980dyne 20580 dyne =0,206N 8. apg =a" Ong +a" (a-2) oy & a, = x6, + (a2) oy F a(p, = 5y) = ¥ (Gy ~ 5) Pet 77-1 67 7 - 0.532 36-1 126 = x=81.9mmisin mercury and 28.1 mm in water. 9. g@-£2-W _Vo-pe Fluid Mechanics | 67 10. B+ T=(M+m)g>T=18g-B (cos 0 —sin 0) p = (cos 0+ sin 0) 6 08 0 (p - a) =sin O(p + 0) my p-s ‘Equating the torques above point A, we pre have 600g (1) ( 1. py = pp 2, ze! )s ean = B24) EPR S000" 2) ta) ntog+—* or B= 16g Gi) 25x 10~ Substituting in Eq, (i) we have F-51048 sa] g =196N 300x110 (600 B= < (1000198) =16%98 (822 2. 10° « 780) 2 32 } 1875-156 g =31N 1B. (hy 61 hPa EP Ia Pm & Ape ha (Pm ~Pw) Pm —Pw om -1}e +a) > fy le) * 136-1 =2@-0 (10+ 2) =24N - Vv =32x 107 m* 11. (a) T=B-W=V(o-p)(g +a) -2o-pig +a) P x Lem =126em a= -B-W PAN po nist 16. mm 2kg he 4 PA 12, Fakes p=" ore = PA PA k 181x108 x 05x 10 (ax, ee Nm ° 60 ~ 108 oa 10.9 em (yey = SOO" 0510 pO) =x pe 60 (a) dF (x) = pg x. Ide =pgle de 18, (r—rsin O pe (r= r 008 Oe Foal fede pg i? 0 2 +(rsin 0+ rcos Dog 68 | Mechanics-2 P(e) .(h 2) =20% 10% -9.8 10" + 2x 108 (7) pgl (hx) x dx pal (hx - x") dx pat ft ie -2*) de smite) (b) de (a =(20 - 183) x 10° Pa =67 kPa Loot 18kPa +0+2p x0" 3° le =p + pexistpxo! B+ pexlssp p =18 kPa-9.8 kPa =8.2 kPa 21, v= Pd, R et = Bg and b=} ge 7. +h =(15 110) em =13.90em (@) AP= 1548 =15x 10? mx 10° kgf? «9.8 m/s? =1470Nim? =1470Pa 18. hyPwk =haPok > Ayah, 22 Pus =20% 97 18m T 19. sper] Original level ofmoreury va Aap (80 + 3x)(1) = (4x)(13.6) Solving we get, ).584 cm. 20. pi pgh Bet moma : 20kPa +0+= px3® Liege tpgxdsipxd’ paxi+5e 2 P=20KPa ~ pe + Fp 8# 42) 25. 26. 27. 1=0002 ~ 0998 Lia 1 Eo + peng =2puh + hope Ua Ag -Ug Ag oh 0h -20hy — hy De ae As 48) a chy -hy) Ab eats hoe 10* x 10 05) A Aa 073 misx 4 -146m/s Ay 2 vp, ® _ Ay -500 emis dt v; =100em/s =1mi/s v, =250 em/s =25mis 1 2 v2 ah (o} -0f Pm Ah = 5 Pu 3 -F) aa PEP mw = 88) Lote 2x 98x 136 2 Pe-vE . a 410° @-1x 108 x10 9 1x07 § «10 m/s 089 mm/s Fluid Mechanics | 69 as, q-2. Ri we, 8n LQ Bak aR* 8x 4x 107 x 10° x 066 10° ~ nx 16% 10 pg = 22258 , yous 2h =315x 10° m=315 x 10% em 29. v, xr 4 op axberton-a!* ; =) -(2) -2 => vy =p 30, v- 2? (RE - 78) A ap ani HF (RE - R*) Uy = (Rj - 1?) +107 «01x 10% % 0 192 yarn d an 22 107 xox aes 5 =10° N/m? aa, p _2E 08 0 rhe apy £008 Oy T, hyp; feos 0, 34 x 136x671 oxII 34x 136 9x07 7.24 70 | Mechanies-2 ar ar BA. Pa = Py +s P= Po + paVy =nRT and p,¥, <20RT (_.4T)\ 4 05 { 4T\ 4 48D) 4 pa x2e{ pot (oD) garde )s3 3 4T)\_ psf 4T 20 (pei) 9 (»-F] pa ~b*) = 47 (b* ~2a*) apy p= Pa? -0) 46 —20") ar 35. py pe n= po hpy Py Pen Pt hee 2 2x007 Tig 10 x 10° x10 =14%107 m-14mm 2 36. p= po + and py 1A=pU-9A 10° xxi etd 2x 506 x 10 oa =o “tem i012 If seal is broken then water will start rising in the capillary and will go upto a 2h e088 Pe height, = 245063 107 coe 0 10> x10" «10 above i., it will make convex meniscus as the tube is of insufficient length, = 1010s 6, = Objective Questions (level 1) 1. Net force is zero, when a body moves with constant velocity. 2. fe) =f) (M7 L117) iPi IML") = (2 ]= (Met) 1 3. n= as with increase in temperature 1s iP fluidity increases. ola? +b) +47 (a? + B2)=pye? + 4Te? (a) In vacuum, py =0 sen = 37 64? =5em 5. Py < Bo while, py = Pe = Po = hus Vog=Vpgsku=Ve-oe refs] zp) (2 hu=m 1) a5) oP 2 Because of the pull due to surface lenses of liquid at side B, the film will take a concave shape in side A. 9. vertandm

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