1ZVN460100 – D

Maintenance Manuals
1ZVN460100 – D 2/3

Table of contents
1 Maintenance ............................................................................................................... 3
2 Trouble Shooting ....................................................................................................... 5
1ZVN460100-D

1. Maintenance:

Subject Check Time period Remarks

Year Month
Insulating oil Dielectric strength 3
Moisture content 1
Neutralisation value 1
Interfacial surface tension 1
Water content 1
Sludge content 1
Gas analysis 1
Oil tightness Tank 3
Conservator 3
Cooling equipment 3
Piping 3
Bushings 3
Cable sealing ends 3 If applicable
Cable boxes 3 If applicable
Buchholz relay 3
Gate valves 3
Valves 3
Oil level Tank 1
Conservator 1
Bushings 1
Cable sealing ends 1 If applicable
Cable boxes 1 If applicable
Thermometer pockets 1
Venting devices Tank 1 Release vent screws until
Cooling equipment 1 Oil emerges. Afterwards
Intermediate piping 1 screw plugs tight
Bushings 1
Piping 1
Buchholz relay 1
Cable sealing ends 1 If applicable
Earthing devices All metal parts 1
Tank 1
Motors 1
Star points 1 If applicable
Surge arresters 1 If applicable
Control cabinet 1
Steal armoured cabling 1
Shut-off devices In position “service” As required See plan “Position of shut off
devices” (if provided)
Buchholz relay Direction of oil flow At erection
Float 1
Contacts 1
Gas sampling device 1 If applicable
Functional test 1
Dial-type thermometers Contact setting 1 See the Technical data
Position of maximum pointer 1
Functional test 1
Current transformers Polarity At errection
Ratio At errection
Short-circuit connection 1
1ZVN460100-D 4/9

Subject Check Time period Remarks

Year Month
Oil level indicator Contact setting 1 At errection
Float 1
Functional test 1
Breather Silicagel 3
Oil level 3
Venting pipes 3
Internal wiring Insulation resistance 3 With 1000V Megger Tester,
Correct wiring connection 3 Values 50 Mö
Corrosion protection Paint 3 Touch-up
Blank steal parts 3 Grease
Cleanness Bushings 3
Fittings 3
Indicating devices 3
Tank cover 3 Remove loose parts,
Fans 3 If applicable
Control cabinet Connection 1
On-load tap changer See instruction of the
manufacture
Off-circuit tap changer Switching over all positions
N/A
(at least 25 x) to clean
contacts that may be oxidated
and to prevent gas formation
that may result in flash-over
Cooling equipment 1 See instruction of the
Supervisory equipment for 3 manufacturer
cooling equipment
Protective relay for OLTC See instruction of
manufacturer
Thermostat Functional test 3
Resistance thermometer Functional test 3
Pressure relief device Functional test 3
 1ZVN460100-D
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2. Trouble shooting

Protective Fault Possible cause Remedial measure Detailed

and description
supervisory
instruments
Various
components
Buchholz relay Alarm at - Oil loss Operation can be continued
Buchholz - Accumulation The following tests and examinations for fault analysis
relay of air Should be made as soon as possible
- Gas generation 1. Check oil level, pipes, position of valves
due to inside 2. Check the electrical connections
failure 3. Check the tripping mechanism of the Buchholz relay
- Violant 4. Put part of the gas into a glass container within five
vibration hours and analyze it.
- Fault tripping 5. Evaluate the gas analysis
6. Take oil sample (1 litre) from tank top and make and
make a gas analysis
7. Take oil sample (1 litre) from tank bottom and check
for dielectric strength (VDE)
8. Undo all bushing connections and make the
following measurements:
8..1 Measure the insulation resistance between the
windings themselves.
Rough guide value: 1MΩ per kV rated voltage
8.2 Ratio measurement either with measuring kit or by
applying low voltage to the HV side
8.3 Measure the winding resistance with DC
8.4 Measure the no-load current by applying low voltage
9. Compare the result with the test certificates of the
operating instructions
Vent the transformer and put it back into operation
when faults cannot be found or faults have been
eliminated. If the fault occurs frequently, contact
ABB.

Buchholz relay Buchholz - Oil loss - Maintain the shutdown status.

relay - Violent oil - Carry out tests and measurements as described under
tripping surge due to points 1 to 9
inside flashover - Vent the transformer and put in back into operation
- Violent gas when faults can not be found or faults have been
generation due eliminated
to inside failure
- Violent vibratio
- Fault tripping
Protective Tripping - Maintain the shutdown status Instruction of
device for due to - Check the tripping mechanism OLTC
OLTC strong oil - Remove and check the diverter switch
surge - Reset the tripping mechanism and put the
transformer into operation
1ZV460100-D 6/9

Protective Fault Possible cause Remedial measure Detailed

and description
supervisory
instruments
Various
components
- Resistance Oil temp. - Transformer - Reduce load of the transformer Operation
thermometer too high overloaded or - Put fans or cooling equipment in service Instruction of
- Thermostat inadequate - Clean the cooling equipment thermometer
- Dial type Wdg or cooling - Check the position of butterfly valves manufacture
thermometer oil temp. - Incorrect temp. - Adjust incorrect temperature setting
for oil or wdg too high adjustment - Check the thermometer by comparative
temperature measurements
indicators - Check the electrical connections and the tripping
mechanism
- Check control devices for cooling equipment
- Check current transformers and thermometers
Oil level Oil level Not enough oil - Check for tightness Operation
indicator too low (low temperature - Top-up oil instruction of
or oil loss) manufacturer
Oil flow No oil
monitor flow
Water flow No water N/A
monitor flow

Redused
water
flow
Pressure relief Internal - Conservator - Check the pipes and shut-off devices Operation
device tank pipe shut-off or - Check the transformer as described in “Buchholz instruction of
pressure clogged. relay” (point 1-8) manufacturer
too high - Electric
flashover inside
the tank
Motor drive Drive - No voltage - Check supply feeders Operation
for OLTC can not supply at motor instruction of
be protective OLTC
operated switch (MPS)
electrical - MPS not in - Close motor protective switch
oper. Position
- Motor - Check supply feeders and contactors and replace
contactor K1 or If necessary
K2 does not
Pick up
- Motor
contactor K1 or
K2 stuck
- Brake contactor - Check contactor, clean or replace if necessary
- K3 does not
pick up
- Open circuit on - Correct it
one or more
motor phases
Moto drive for Drive - Brake contactor - Clean or replace
OLTC keeps on - K3 stuck
running
1ZVN460100-D 7/9

Protective Fault Possible cause Remedial measure Detailed

and description
supervisory
instruments
Various
components
Motor drive Motor - Emergency - Repair or replace emergency stop button
for OLTC protectiv stop - Check drive for stiffness with cran handle. Request a
switch button is on or factory engineer, if a mechanical fault in the tap-
trips stuck changer is suspected
during - Motor current
operatio excessive due
of motor to overload or
drive phase failure

Off-circuit tap Operatio N/A

changer not
possible

Dehydrating The - High atmosph. - Replace dehydrating agent

breather drying humidity, glass - Replace glass cylinder or seal properly
cristals cylinder leaky - Seal pipe leaks, check the oil for moisture content.
turn from - Moisture in - Flush the conservator with dry air
blue to conservator,
pink and pipe leaky,
then to glass cylinder
white leaky.
from - Glass cylinder
below, burst,
maintenace
from top, interval

in
general

Electrical Breakd. - Breather - Put breather into operation

breakdown voltage inoperable or
voltage of the too low. trafo in service
oil very low

Water - Leaks in water - Seal or repair coolers

content cool. System
too high - Water pressure - Contact manufacturer; dry the oil, if necessary
reducer
inoperable.
Protective Frequent N/A
spark gap on operatio
bushings
Terminal lugs Discolo- Check surface contact
on bushing ration of
connect-
ing parts
1ZVN460100-D 8/9

Protective Fault Possible cause Remedial measure Detailed

and description
supervisory
instruments
Various
components
Control cabinet El. App. - Excessive - Set the cabinet heater to a higher temperature
does not humidity in
operate control cabinet - Seal the cabinet door, fit a dust filter if necessary
properly
- Water or dust - Protect the cabinet against solar irradiation; provide
Contacts inside the for better ventilation
corroded cabin.
or conta-
minated - Excessive high
temp. in the
App. cabinet
housing
bent
Earthing Earthing - Excessive - Clean the contacts, tighten the screws and check the
connection line current due to Electrical distances. Open up current loops. Only
innterupt external flash one earthing with a sufficient cross section.
-ted
- Impermissible
current loops
through
multiple earthig
Pressure gauge Oil - Incorrect - Correct the contact adjustment
for HV pressure contacts adjust.
bushing in HV - Check the reading
bushing - Bushing
too high overloaded, oil - Check the bushing; reduce the transformer load,
temp. too high increase the cooling effect
due to solar
irradiation
Pressure Oil - Incorrect - Correct the contact adjustment
monitor for pressure contact adjustm
HV bushing in HV - Check the pressure monitor and reset the auxiliary
bushing - Bushing switch
too high overloaded, oil
temp. too high - Check the bushings; reduce the transformer load;
due to solar increase the cooling
irradiation.

- Violent vibratio
on transformer
Air flow No air
monitor flow or
reduced
air flow
Oil sightpot Traces of
oil on the
water
surface
 ©Copyright 2007 ABB, All rights reserved

Document Title

Maintenance Manual
Document No. Date & Rev. Ind. No. of Pages Page
1ZVN460100-D 1 9 9