Author(s)

(Stämpfli, The exposure to thin, human-like sculptures by the artist Alberto Giacometti reduces food intake in restrained eaters
Stöckli, & since the Giacometti effect is driven by a weight-control goal.
Brunner,
2017)
People who are interested in exercise commitment contracts choose longer contracts when nudging is involved to do
(Bhattacharya,
so. Consequently, they are more likely to meet their pre -stated exercise goals.
Garber,
Goldhaber-
Fiebert, &
Goldhaber,
2015)
The authors propose using an “evaluation nudge” - in which people are evaluated jointly rather than separately
(Bohnet, van regarding their future performance- to overcome gender bias in hiring, promotion, and job assignments
Geen, &
Bazerman,
2016)

Nudges (in the form of defaults) can be transparent and yet effective. The authors tested how different types of
transparency (i.e. knowledge of the potential influence of the default, its purpose, or both) influence the effect of the
(Bruns, default.
Kantorowicz-
Reznichenko,
Klement,
Luistro
Jonsson, &
Rahali, 2018)
 Personalized text messaging plus a lesser degree peer mentor outreach combined with access to professional
(Castleman & assistance, may be affordable and effective strategies to increase college attendance among students from low- and
Page, 2015) moderate-income backgrounds.

(Chang, Huh, Behavioral intentions toward electricity conservation were pronounced when the nudge - feedback on energy
& Lee, 2015) consumption as compared with neighbors - was provided.
The application of a social nudge could attenuate the personality effects of impulsivity and risk-taking within a privacy
protection context.
(Coventry,
Jeske, Blythe,
Turland, &
Briggs, 2016)

People who faced better defaults in the past are more likely to follow defaults than people who faced random defaults,
(de Haan & hurting their later performance.
Linde, 2018)

(Faralla, This research suggests that given very simple information about the amount of money increases delayed consumption.
Novarese,
&Ardizzone,
2017)
The present study examined public attitudes towards decisional enhancement programs intended to influence decision
(Felsen, making either covertly or overtly on specific context. As a result, the author founds that overt, rather than covert
Castelo, & influences are more acceptable.
Reiner, 2013)

The nature of a nudge-based intervention can have different effects, whether it is increasing intake of healthy
(Friis et al., components, or limiting intake of unhealthy meal components. Specifically, authors compared three nudge
2017) interventions (priming, default option, and perceived variety).
(Goldin, Nudging individuals towards low contribution rates induces higher extensive margin participation in the retirement
Homonoff, & savings plan in relation to nudging individuals towards higher contribution rates, or towards no rate at all.
Tucker-Ray,
2017)
Human resource managers and directors in German companies can become aware of the application of incentive
systems by using a nudge.
(Grunewald,
Hammermann,
& Placke,
2017)

(Hagman, Individuals with a more pronounced individualistic worldview are less keen on nudge policies while individuals
Andersson, with a preference for analytical thinking are less likely to judge nudge policies as intrusion to their freedom of
Västfjäll, & choice.
Tinghög,
2015)
By rearranging a conference buffet with regard to portion size , convenience and presentation orders resulted in a
(Hansen,
significantly lower calorie intake amongst the conference participants.
Skov,
Jespersen,
Skov, &
Schmidt,
2016)
The provision of social information, a group performance reference point, affects individual performance positively
(Hargreaves and so can act as a policy “nudge.”
Heap,
Ramalingam,
& Rojo
Arjona, 2017)
(Harris & The organization increases basic life insurance holdings on nudged employees with supplemental coverage to have
Yelowitz, more life insurance.
2017)
The results suggest that individuals under blame regulators for failed nudges. Taking the level of blame issued by
(Hill, 2017) individuals for failed laws as the baseline, one sees that officials can escape blame by regulating via nudge.

(Hossain & Using conditional incentives framed as both "losses" and "gains" increases productivity for both individuals and teams.
List, 2012)
The interface cues could trigger an anchoring heuristic that induces modeling behavior in individuals on a Food-
(Hou, 2017) Ordering Website context.

(Howell et al., Using a ‘‘nudge’’ letter encouraging Medicare Advantage enrollees, the approximately twofold increase in the rates of
2017) switching to higher quality plans.
The majority of U.S citizens in a representative sample tended to favor most of the nudges examined by authors. They
(Jung & examined four factors that influences the attitudes toward nudges –types of nudges, individual dispositions, nudge
Mellers, 2016) perceptions, and nudge frames.

Nudge interventions to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages seem similarly acceptable in the UK and
(Petrescu, USA. In fact, they are more acceptable tan taxation, but less acceptable than education on the matter.
Hollands,
Couturier, Ng,
& Marteau,
2016)

(Reisch & In Europe, there is strong majority support for nudges in democratic nations.
Sunstein,
2016)
(Sunstein, A national representative survey in the United States finds evidence that in important contexts, majorities do indeed
2016) prefer System 2 nudges
 People find nudges more ethically problematic when they are applied by policymakers or political objectives they
(Tannenbaum, oppose to. On the contrary, they find the same nudges more acceptable when they are applied by policy makers or
Fox, & political objectives they are agreed with.
Rogers, 2017)

(Thaler & People commit in advance to allocating a portion of their future salary increases toward retirement savings conversely
Benartzi, the average saving rates increased from 3.5 percent to 13.6 percent over the course of 40 months.
2004)
A default nudge can increase stand-up working rates in offices with SSDs at least until two months after the nudge
(Venema, intervention.
Kroese, & De
Ridder, 2018)

Setting relatively short deadlines can encourage socially desirable and self-beneficial Behaviors. On the contrary,
(Zamir, removing or setting relatively long deadlines can discourage socially undesirable behavior.
Lewinsohn-
Zamir, &
Ritov, 2017)

(Zhang & Xu, Privacy nudges are effective in altering privacy attitudes, but the direction of these effects depends on the nudge’s
2016) framing valence.