Best of Fives

for Dentistry

Douglas Hammond
BDS (Wales) MFGDP (UK)

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 iv best of fives for dentistry

© 2006 PASTEST LTD

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First Published 2006

ISBN: 1905635 19 2
ISBN 13: 978 1905635 19 1

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 contents 

Contents
About the Author vii

Introduction ix

1 Oral Medicine 1

2 Oral Surgery 23

3 Dental Materials 45

4 Child Dental Health and Orthodontics 67

5 Oral Pathology 95

6 Periodontics 117

7 Pharmacology 145

8 Radiology 167

9 Restorative Dentistry 189

10 Human Disease 213

Index 235

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 about the author vii

About the Author

Douglas Hammond BDS (Wales) MFGDP (UK)
Clinical Lecturer in Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Royal London Hospital.

Douglas graduated from Cardiff Dental Hospital and completed various hospital and
practice jobs. He then began working as a part-time lecturer in Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery at the Royal London Hospital in 2002, whilst embarking on a
medicine degree at University College London. He should graduate in June 2007.
From there he hopes to continue into specialist training in Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery.

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 introduction ix

Introduction
This book aims to cover most of the aspects required in finals for dentistry. It tries
to cover a broad section of subjects, most of which are the “examiner’s favourites”.
There is a mixture of questions with some requiring straightforward recognition and
others requiring the application of knowledge. All of the most basic subjects are
covered and some of the more complex subjects. Hopefully this will be a good
revision aid to those revising for finals.

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 6
Periodontics

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 Periodontics 119

6.1 Which one of the following bacterial species is not associated with
adult periodontitis?
1 A Fusobacterium nucleatum
1 B Bacteroides forsythus
1 C Porphyromonas gingivalis
1 D Shigella sonnei
1 E Prevotella intermedia

6.2 When looking at the notes of a patient, you see annotation for a
Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE). What does a score of 3 mean
on this particular index?
1 A Gingival bleeding, no overhangs or calculus, pockets > 3.5 mm
1 B Pockets within colour-coded area, 4.5–6.5 mm
1 C Colour-coded area disappears, pockets > 5.5 mm
1 D Pockets within colour-coded area, 3.5–5.5 mm
1 E Colour-coded area disappears, pockets > 5.5 mm

6.3 Which one of the following statements regarding acute necrotising

ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) is true?
1 A It is caused by Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria
1 B It is characterised by chronic onset
1 C It affects non-smokers more than smokers
1 D It is caused by acid fast bacilli
1 E It is characterised by interproximal necrosis

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6.1 D

All of the bacteria in the list are responsible for adult periodontitis except S. sonnei,
which is responsible for acute diarrhoea.

6.2 D

The WHO probe is used for carrying out BPE. The index is shown below.

Score Disease
0 No disease
1 Gingival bleeding, no overhangs or calculus, pockets
< 3.5 mm
2 No pockets > 3.5 mm, no supragingival calculus or
subgingival overhangs present
3 Pockets within the colour-coded area, 3.5–5.5 mm
4 Colour-coded area disappears, pockets > 5.5 mm

6.3 E

ANUG is caused by Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, usually in the mandible, has a

very distinctive smell (fetor oris) and is more common in smokers and those with
poor oral hygiene.

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 Periodontics 121

6.4 Correct treatment of a patient with ANUG is:

1 A 20% chlorhexidine mouthwashes twice daily
1 B Amoxicillin 500 mg three times daily for 5 days and 20% chlorhexidine
mouth washes twice daily
1 C Erythromycin 250 mg four times daily for 5 days and 20% chlorhexidine
mouthwashes twice daily
1 D Scaling and oral hygiene instruction
1 E Metronidazole 400 mg three times daily for 5 days and hydrogen
peroxide mouthwash twice daily

6.5 Which one of the following statements about tooth mobility is

incorrect?
1 A Movement of a crown of the tooth in the horizontal plane of less than
0.2 mm is considered normal
1 B Grade 1 means movement of the crown of a tooth in the horizontal plane
is 0.2–1 mm
1 C Grade 2 means movement of the crown of a tooth in the horizontal plane
is greater than 1 mm
1 D Grade 3 means movement of the crown of a tooth in the horizontal plane
is greater than 3 mm
1 E Grade 3 means movement of the crown of a tooth in the vertical plane

6.6 Which one of the following clinical conditions predispose patients

with impaired/defective neutrophil function to severe periodontitis?
1 A Patterson–Brown­–Kelly syndrome
1 B Chediak–Higashi disease
1 C Hypothyroidism
1 D Hyperthyroidism
1 E Gardner’s syndrome

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6.4 E

ANUG is a very painful condition. The most efficacious mouthwash is hydrogen

peroxide, and the bacterial component is treated with metronidazole. Amoxicillin
and erythromycin would be ineffective in treatment of this condition.

6.5 D

Tooth mobility is graded as shown in the table below.

Grade Description
1 Movement of the crown of a tooth in the horizontal plane is 0.2–1 mm

2 Movement of the crown of a tooth in the horizontal plane is greater than

1 mm

3 Movement of the crown of a tooth in the vertical plane

6.6 B

None of the others are relevant to periodontal disease.

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 Periodontics 123

6.7 Which one of the following is associated with abnormal collagen

formation leading to periodontal disease?
1 A Type 1 diabetes mellitus
1 B Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome
1 C Hypophosphatasia
1 D Type 2 diabetes mellitus
1 E Hyperphosphatasia

6.8 What is the name of the probe shown in the figure?

1 A Briault’s
1 B Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN)
1 C World Health Organization (WHO)
1 D Williams’
1 E Florida

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6.7 C

Hypophosphatasia, as well as Ehlers–Danlos syndrome are associated with

abnormal collagen formation and periodontal disease. Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome is
associated with abnormal neutrophil function, which leads to periodontal disease.

6.8 D

The probe shown is the Williams’ probe, which has 1 mm increments for accurate
measurement of the pocket depth.

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 Periodontics 125

6.9 In juvenile periodontitis, which bacterium is the recognised

aetiological agent?
1 A Porphyromonas gingivalis
1 B Prevotella intermedia
1 C Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
1 D Borrelia burgdorferi
1 E Fusobacterium intermedium

6.10 Which teeth are most commonly affected in juvenile periodontitis?

1 A Incisors and first permanent molars
1 B Incisors and canines
1 C Canines and premolars
1 D Premolars and first permanent molars
1 E Canines and first permanent molars

6.11 For which teeth/surfaces would you use a Gracey no 1 or no 2

curette when scaling?
1 A All teeth
1 B All surfaces of anterior teeth
1 C Mesial surfaces of anterior teeth
1 D All surfaces of posterior teeth
1 E Mesial surfaces of posterior teeth

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6.9 C

A. actinomycetemcomitans is a capnophilic, non-motile rod that possesses a potent

leucotoxin, which causes lysis of polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

6.10 A

As these are the first teeth to erupt, they seem to be the teeth which are affected
most by juvenile periodontitis.

6.11 B

A Gracey no 1 or no 2 is ideally shaped to facilitate scaling of all surfaces of

anterior teeth.

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