MATTER – has mass, weight and volume

Mass – amount of matter; does not change Volume – space

Weight – pull of gravity
Gravity – force that an object exerts on another object Force – push or pull

Three STATES of Matter

Solid – has definite shape and particles are tightly packed.
Liquid – does not have definite shape and particles move freely
 follows the shape of the container
 can be poured from one container to another
Gas – does not have shape and particles are spread out to fill the container
 cannot be seen or tasted; you can only feel them and smell some of them.
Physical Change of Matter – change in appearance without any change in its
composition.
 Cutting, breaking, folding, tearing, slicing, sharpening and crumpling

 EVAPORATION – physical change of liquid to gas

Forming of clouds
Water changes to gas when it is heated
Vaporization: Evaporation due to boiling
- smoke from boiling water is STEAM OR WATER VAPOUR
Boiling point: TEMPERATURE when a liquid change to gas.

 CONDENSATION – change from gas to liquid

DEW, CLOUD, FOG; Forming of rain
Gas changes to liquid when it is cooled.
Condensation produces water droplets outside a glass of cold water.
When warm air hits the cold surface of the glass, it is cooled and changes to water
droplets.

 DEPOSITION- gas immediately turns to solid

- Occurs in winter season
- At low temperatures, water vapour turns into ice crystals or freezes
directly into ice (FERMAFROST)
 SUBLIMATION- solid to gas
- No liquid phase
- DRY ICE: keep ice cream frozen; TOILET FRESHENERS, MOTHBALLS
  Freezing – process of changing from liquid to solid.
Forming of ice or snow

 Melting – change from solid to liquid

Melting of ice cream
Chemical Change of Matter – happens when a material changes in composition
 Rusting – metal bar combined with carbon dioxide
 Burning – using fire