MID SEMESTER BAHASA INGGRIS

DISUSUN

OLEH :

WIRANA ECY SEPTANA’IM

KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN INDONESIA

POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN MATARAM

D III KEPERAWATAN

TK I/B

2018
 SOAL MIDTERM TEST
1) ELABORATE THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF MEDICAL PROBLEMS
A-J
2) DESCRIBE THE PAIN IN EACH MEDICAL PROBLEMS
3) FIND THE PAIN LOCATION IN EACH MEDICAL PROBLEMS
4) USE PAIN SCALE TO DETERMINE THE SEVERITY OF THE PAIN
IN EACH MEDICAL PROBLEMS

THE LIST OF MEDICAL PROBLEM:

a) LABOR
b) SINUSITIS
c) APPENDICITIS
d) SEVERE MIGRAINE
e) BROKEN LEG
f) TONSILLITIS
g) LOWER BACK PAIN
h) TOOTH ACHE
i) EYE BRUISING
j) STOMACH ACHE
 A. LABOR
1. Causes of Labor:
a. Progesterone level theory. Progesterone that serves to maintain
pregnancy, which decreases with an older pregnancy, so that the
uterine muscle is easily stimulated by oxytocin.
b. Theory of oxytocin. With the birth of the hormone oxytocin increases
so as to stimulate birth.
c. The theory of uterine muscle tension. Stretching the uterine muscles to
some extent causes labor contractions by itself.
d. Prostaglandin theory. Many prostaglandins produced by the inner
lining of the uterus are thought to cause uterine contractions. Giving
prostaglandins from the outside can stimulate uterine contractions and
labor.
2. It feels like a stronger, When the baby is already visible, feels hot or
burning around the vaginal opening.
3. Its location in the cervix precisely in the vaginal hole
4. The estimated scale of labor is 10 (unbearable pain)
 B. SINUSITIS
1. Sinusitis can be caused by several factors such as prolonged allergies and
flu. causes of other sinusitis :
a. virus
sinusitis is caused by a virus that can make the nasal tissue swell,
blocking the hole that normally drains sinus fluid
b. allergy
avoid things allergic reactions like dust, animal dander, and cockroaches
c. Bacteria
bacteria that cause sinusitis is streptococcus pneumoniae or haemophilus
influenza
d. Polyp
The polyps cause the sinus nasal cavity to become blocked and prevent
the mucus from drying out
2. It feels like being pressed-tap a dull object that is continuous
3. Location :
a. Frontal sinus: located above the eyes within the frontal bone of the
skull
b. Maxillary sinus: located beneath the eyes under the cheekbones within
the maxilla bone of the face
c. Ethmoid sinus: located in the ethmoid bone separating the eyes from the
nose
d. Sphenoid sinus: located in the sphenoid bone at the base of the skul
4. The estimated scale of sinusitis is 7 (severe pain)

C. APPENDICITIS
1. The cause of appendicitis or inflammatory bowel disease is the presence
of blockages in the lining of the appendix that causes infection. As a
result of these infections, bacteria multiply rapidly. This can cause the
appendix to become inflamed and filled with pus
2. It feels like a stabbing pain, like a knife. It really hurts a lot.
3. The current abdominal pain usually begins in the middle abdomen. The
pain will move to the lower right abdomen (where the appendix is
located)
4. The estimated scale of appendicitis is 8 (severe pain)
 D. SEVERE MIGRAINE
1. Migraine is caused by abnormal biochemical activity of the largest cranial
nerves in the body as well as generator of pain signal generator,
trigeminal nerve. These molecular changes in the trigeminal nerve rapidly
spread to the surrounding neural network. Eating certain foods and
beverages such as caffeine, chocolate, and MSG can cause migraines.
Another cause is stress
2. It’s feels like someone is beating drum, a real throbbing pain
3. Migraine pain can appear on one side of the head and even attack the
patient's neck
4. The estimated scale of severe migraine is 7 (severe pain)

E. BROKEN LEG
1. Most broken legs are the result of injuries, such as car accidents, sports or
falling. Broken legs occur when the bone-fighting power is greater than
bone strength.
2. Its feels like shooting pain, it’s a sudden pain that moves quickly from
one place to another.
3. Location of the broken legs can be in the thighs and calves
4. The estimated scale of toothache is 9 (very severe pain)

F. TONSILLITIS
1. The causes of tonsillitis in general are viruses and the rest are caused by
bacteria.
2. Its feels like burning sensation while swallowing in the throat
3. Tonsillitis occurs in the tonsillar glands of the lymph node system located
on the left and right sides of the back of the oral cavity.
4. The estimated scale of tonsillitis is 6 (severe pain)
 G. LOWER BACK PAIN
1. The cause of low back pain is an injury or accident such as a fall. Other
causes are sudden movement, sitting too long, and weak muscles.
2. It feels like a shooting pain, like an electric shock
3. Lower back pain in the lower part of the spine or back
4. The estimated scale of lower back pain is 5 (moderate pain)

H. TOOTH ACHE
1. The causes of toothache are tooth decay, cracked teeth, cavities, pus
buildup at the base of teeth due to bacterial infections and damaged tooth
fillings.
2. It’s feels like a throbbing fast pain that is continuous
3. Toothache occurs inside or around the teeth and jaw.
4. The estimated scale of tooth ache is 8 (severe pain)

I. EYE BRUISING
1. The cause of eye bruise around the eyes is settling blood flow in the
surrounding tissues due to injury due to a right blow to the eye, forehead
area, or nose.
2. Its feels like stinging sensation. It feels like a bee is stinging around in
eyes
3. Bruising of the eye occurs in the tissue under the skin around the eyes.
4. The estimated scale of eye bruising is 7 (severe pain)

J. STOMACH ACHE
1. Causes of abdominal pain may be due to diarrhea, appendicitis, kidney
stones, constipation, or ulcer.
2. It feels like a burning sensation it feels very hot and sometimes it’s very
sore
3. Stomach Ache can occur on the left or center, right or center area and can
spread to the right and left or right lower depending on the illness
suffered.
4. The estimated scale of stomach ache is 6 (mild pain)