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3DS Max PDF
3DS Max PDF
Zahra Pezeshki
Ali Soleimani
Shahrood University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical
Shahrood University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical
Engineering and Robotic, Shahrood, Iran.
Engineering and Robotic, Shahrood, Iran.
tejaratemrooz@gmail.com
solimani_ali@shahroodut.ac.ir
Ahmad Darabi
Shahrood University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical
Engineering and Robotic, Shahrood, Iran.
darabi_ahmad@hotmail.com
Abstract— The complication of building constructions, with standards and syntax descriptions. There aren’t any attempts
irregular geometry, different building materials, variable to convert 3ds MAX file to FEM for thermal distribution or
morphology, alterations and damages, poses numerous other applications. The two options seen so far are (1)
challenges in the digital modeling and simulation of structural Converting 3d modeling data of the buildings in the FEM
performances under different types of actions. Most of the world by using 3ds MAX technology and Revit standards isn’t
research is focused on importing Three Dimension (3D) done by FEM people that look at buildings as information in
geometry data in a Finite Element Method (FEM) applications. a thermal distribution context. The other work we see (2) is
This paper presents an innovative two-step methodology (3ds done by 3ds MAX people who are modeling advanced
MAX-to-FEM) able to convert a Three Dimension Studio
detailed 3D buildings with high semantics. 3ds MAX should
Modeling, Animation & Rendering Software/Autodesk (3ds
MAX) file into a FEM for structural simulation. In this study,
be seen as an essential data source for built environments by
the 3ds MAX file is a large building, has been carried out with FEM user. FEM is seen as a crucial data source for design and
an accurate survey that integrates geometrical aspects, element integration of new three dimensional models in a spatial
interconnections, and architectural considerations. Then it is context [11]. There is a need to develop technology and create
turned into COMSOL Multiphysics environment and tested a synergy between the strong parts of both worlds.
thermal simulation with a geometric rationalization which A. Relation between visualization and simulation in
preserves irregularities and anomalies, such as verticality
deviation and variable thickness. After setting material
construction
properties, loads, and boundary conditions, the structural The capability to visualize the geometrical characteristics
simulation is run with a detailed model that respects the of the modelled system and the dynamic nature of all the
uniqueness and authenticity of the building. A real case study is entities involved in the construction process will greatly
illustrated and discussed to prove that a rigorous 3ds MAX to improve the accessibility of simulation as an operation-level
FEM workflow allows the generation of an accurate practical planning tool in the construction industry [12]. The purpose of
methodology for 3D visualization and simulation for thermal using computer simulation to model construction operations
distribution operation in COMSOL. Structural simulation was is to assist decision makers in better understanding planned
carried out with a 3D mesh derived from the 3ds MAX file in operations and predicting the performance resulting from
order to take into consideration the geometrical irregularity of alternative decisions. To achieve this goal, the simulation
a building. COMSOL Multiphysics is a software tool uses models should be credible and fully comprehensible to
artificial intelligent and soft computing for doing computations
construction practitioners [13]. The FEM [7, 9] is vastly used
with high speed and accuracy, and computes and shows
in material strength analysis. The nature of the FE solver,
different types of phenomenon together. In this study simulation
results compare with the reality results. Here, the advantages
which solves the Fourier equation of stress and strain analysis,
and disadvantages of the proposed approach are illustrated. made it possible to apply for conduction heat transfer Fourier
equation. FEM gives an excellent quantitative prediction for
Keywords—3ds MAX; FEM; Thermal Distribution thermal and stress distribution which makes it a perfect tool to
aid in designing and implementing solid-state devices.
I. INTRODUCTION COMSOL is one of FEM softwares and a post-simulation
There is an increasing interest in FEM analysis of thermal visualization engine that has the following characteristics:
bulking [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]. A number of publications - Attempt to seek a relatively optimal data-driven model for
and projects showed promising results [1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10]. 3ds forecasting from three aspects: model inputs, modeling
MAX people and the FEM people use different technology, methods, and data-preprocessing techniques [15].
111
transfer components [27]. So, we must define three key TABLE II. BUILDING MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS
parameters in this study to create the simulation model: (1) Wall Floor
thermal conductivity; k, (2) heat transfer coefficient; h, and (3)
emissivity constant coefficient; . k [28] is the property of a
material that indicates its ability to conduct heat. It is
expressed by W/m∙K which is defined by:
∆
=( )
(1)
Roof Window
112
Aerated Concrete (AAC) [33]. This concrete has a low heat The result obtained from this paper is very close to reality
transfer coefficient and reduces greatly the heat dissipation of and verify our assumptions. (see Figure 4)
the walls. It has 13 floors that 10 floors are usable for living
and 3 floors are not. Figure 3 shows this building. Some floors
are the same, such as 4, 5 and 6. After conversion of the 3ds
MAX files, the size of the files is increased. For example, for
ground floor file, 3ds MAX is 884 KB as a MAX file, after
export it is 14.5 MB as a SAT file. Then SAT file converts to
x_t file in CAD Exchanger (see Figure 1). After conversion
the size of the file is lower, 8.55 MB as (SAT file is about 14
times as big). Final issue is importing x_t file into FEM
software and computing thermal distribution. (see Figure 2)
Summer (° ) Winter (° )
floors
min Max min Max
113
operations. This system was developed for the simulation and
3D visualization of thermal distribution. A case study was
used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed
methodology and to show the essential features of this
developed system.
VII. CONCLUSIONS
This study investigates the integration of 3ds MAX and
FEM for thermal distribution. The proposed 3ds MAX-to-
FEM methodology allows the generation of detailed large
building BIM of complex architectures, which are then
converted into 3D mesh for structural simulation via FEM.
Fig. 5. Winter minimum and maximum tempertures of floors. Main part of this research was the development and
implementation of 3ds MAX extension on FEM for thermal
distribution data. The aim of this work was to demonstrate that
an accurate 3ds MAX generated can be simplified and meshed
to fulfill structural analysis requirements. This paper is
describing a development, which can be made. The work can
be intended as a 3ds MAX-centered approach, where
structural simulation is another step in the project workflow.
The work does not rely on the generation of a new model only
for structural purposes. The data is extracted from the 3ds
MAX, preserving the integrity and consistency of the file as a
common data processing environment for thermal
distribution. We concluded that it is technically possible to
add semantic information from 3ds MAX into FEM using the
Fig. 6. Summer minimum and maximum temperatures of floors.
developed 3ds MAX and FEM extension. As the 3ds MAX
reflects the geometric complexity of the historic construction,
VI. DISCUSSION the FE model reflects the geometric irregularity without an
excessive simplification of structural elements. This is a
The purpose of using computer simulation to model fundamental aspect that improves structural simulation based
thermal distribution is to assist decision making in better on regular elements and simplified shapes. The conversion of
understanding planned operations. To achieve this goal, the 3ds MAX data to FEM files, CAD Exchanger used due to less
simulation models should be credible and fully time importing file into FEM. In fact, both 3ds MAX and FEM
comprehensible to construction practitioners. The results have made decisions during the design and development of
presented in this paper could help to convert 3ds MAX to their native schemas that impose restrictions on the
FEM. However, some elements still need some discussion and integration. We are aware that FEM was not originally
remarks. First of all, in this research, the implementation designed and implemented to be 100% consistent with the
exports thermal distribution of 3ds MAX file of a sample semantics and content available in a 3ds MAX. FEM was
building, by the x_t extension data. In fact, 3ds MAX SAT file originally designed for sharing 3D models form AutoCAD,
converted x_t file with CAD Exchanger for importing into Revit and Solid Work softwares, not internal infrastructure,
FEM. This import takes less time. The growth of semantic such as very large buildings. Then it will be difficult to get full
data in FEM and the growing complexity of 3D geometry 3ds MAX file in FEM and it must be minified. Future
representations might cause situation where the usability of developments will require the implementation of advanced
the data increases. Of course the most common and most functions for automated or semi-automated 3ds MAX-to-
valuable argument for this issue is that FEM was never FEM conversion. To fully integrate 3ds MAX and FEM, the
designed, nor intended to be used for these applications. To Architecture, Engineering & Construction (AEC) sector needs
prevent this issue, we think the 3D geometry representation to start working with large models. This is a success for
must be split. The 3D geometry is one of the properties of an Building Information Modeling (BIM) [34]. This experiment
object. Another possible option is to start defining 3D had a strong focus on meshing algorithms based on
geometry by using models and standards. The use of standards geometrical aspects and transforming 3ds MAX semantics
might help to speed up the adaptation of 3D usage on both the into FEM for thermal distribution and showed promising
FEM and 3ds MAX. When 3ds MAX extensions with results. 3ds MAX-to-FEM methodology is remarkable, and
geometry representation are not shown to viewers obviously, COMSOL is a strong artificial intelligent FEM multiphysics
it is not clear how practical use-cases will develop in the software for heat transfer numerical modeling computations.
future. Software developers of 3ds MAX and FEM viewers This paper deserves future work for the automation of the
should extend their softwares to view geometry different phases, starting from better algorithms for mesh
representations of objects in less time and more comfortable. generation, editing, and refinement. The investigation under
In this paper, it was described the challenges met in an effort different actions, such as freeze and thawing materials will be
to develop a 3D visualization system to improve the taken into consideration in new experiments. The aim is to
credibility and communication of simulated construction
114
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT COMSOL conference 2016, Boston.
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gratitude to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive [18] J. Zhang, and K.W. Chau, “Multilayer Ensemble Pruning via Novel
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