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Electrical Plan Review Bussman PDF
Electrical Plan Review Bussman PDF
Objectives
By reviewing this brochure, the Electrical Inspector,
Electrical Contractor, Plan Examiner, Consulting ■ Determine let-through current values (peak & RMS)
Engineer and others will be able to . . . when current-limiting overcurrent devices are used.
■ Understand the importance of overcurrent protection. ■ Apply current-limiting data to protect downstream
electrical components that have withstand ratings
■ Understand the meaning and importance of electrical LESS than the available fault-current at any given
terms commonly used relating to overcurrent protec- point on the system.
tion.
■ Realize that whenever overcurrent protection is
■ Understand and discuss the KEY National Electrical discussed, the two most important issues are:
Code® requirements regarding overcurrent protection. — HOW MUCH CURRENT WILL FLOW?
— HOW LONG WILL THE CURRENT FLOW?
■ Calculate short-circuit currents using the simple
POINT-TO-POINT method. ■ Adopt a Form Letter and a Data Required Form that
can be used to “log-in” the necessary data relating
■ Check electrical plans to determine conformance to to available fault currents, interrupting ratings, and
National Electrical Code® sections that cover short- let-through currents.
circuit currents, interrupting ratings, interrupting
capacities, short-circuit ratings, ground faults, ■ Understand that the major sources of short-circuit
grounding electrode conductors, equipment currents are motors and generators.
grounding conductors, etc.
■ Understand that transformers are NOT a source of
■ Verify that circuit, feeder, service, grounding elec- short-circuit current.
trode conductors, equipment grounding conductors,
and bonding conductors have adequate capacity to ■ Know how to ask the right questions.
conduct safely ANY fault current likely to be
imposed on them.
1
Electrical Plan Review
®
Critical National Electrical Code Sections
110-3(b) Installation and Use. Listed or labeled equipment 250-96(a) General. Metal raceways, cable trays, cable
shall be installed and used in accordance with armor, cable sheath, enclosures, frames, fittings,
any instructions included in the listing or labeling. and other metal noncurrent-carrying parts that are
to serve as grounding conductors, with or without
110-9 Interrupting Rating. Equipment intended to the use of supplementary equipment grounding
interrupt current at fault levels shall have an conductors, shall be effectively bonded where
interrupting rating sufficient for the nominal necessary to ensure electrical continuity and the
circuit voltage and the current that is available capacity to conduct safely any fault current likely
at the line terminals of the equipment. to be imposed on them. Any nonconductive paint,
Equipment intended to interrupt current at other enamel, or similar coating shall be removed at
than fault levels shall have an interrupting rating threads, contact points, and contact surfaces or
at nominal circuit voltage sufficient for the current be connected by means of fittings designed so
that must be interrupted. as to make such removal unnecessary.
250-2(d) Performance of Fault Current Path. The fault NOTE: Where necessary to comply with Section 250-2(d), the equipment
current path shall be permanent and electrically grounding conductor shall be sized larger than this table.
continuous, shall be capable of safely carrying
620-62 Selective Coordination. Where more than one
the maximum fault likely to be imposed on it, and
driving machine disconnecting means is supplied
shall have sufficiently low impedance to facilitate
by a single feeder, the overcurrent protective
the operation of overcurrent devices under fault
devices in each disconnecting means shall be
conditions.
selectively coordinated with any other supply side
overcurrent protective devices.
250-90 General. Bonding shall be provided where neces-
sary to ensure electrical continuity and the NOTE: Short-circuit currents may be calculated many ways. A simple method
capacity to conduct safely any fault current likely is the Point-To-Point method as presented in Bussmann’s Electrical
Protection Handbook, Bulletin SPD. That data is included in this bulletin for
to be imposed. ease of use.
2
Electrical Plan Review
FLOOD GATES
ANALOGOUS TO
OVERCURRENT RESERVOIR CAPACITY
PROTECTIVE ANALOGOUS TO
DEVICE AVAILABLE FAULT
CURRENT
OVERCURRENT
PROTECTIVE
DEVICE
AVAILABLE FAULT
LOAD CURRENT (e.g., 50,000 AMPS)
CURRENT
(100 GALLONS
PER MINUTE)
AVAILABLE FAULT
CURRENT (e.g., 50,000 AMPS)
SHORT CIRCUIT
CURRENT
(50,000 GALLONS
PER MINUTE)
Downstream components may
not be able to withstand the
amount of let-through current.
ADEQUATELY RATED
OVERCURRENT PROTECTIVE
DEVICE IS UNDAMAGED
AVAILABLE FAULT
CURRENT (e.g., 50,000 AMPS)
Downstream components
capable of withstanding SHORT CIRCUIT
let-through current. CURRENT SAFELY
CLEARED
The Fuse
(1) NORMAL
CURRENT
RATING
4
Electrical Plan Review
Anywh
of
er
City
e
, USA SPECTIO
N
F A N Y WHERE I CA L I N
CITY O CTR
T M E N T OF ELE
DEPAR
ECTS.
DATE IN E E R S , ARCHIT
G
TORS, EN ICATION.
A L C ONTRAC A P P L CTIONS
CTR IC IT ODE , SE
®
,
Sincerely
specto r
ctrical In
Chief Ele
5
Electrical Plan Review
Permit
Electrical Contractor
Street Address
(page 1 of 2)
6
Electrical Plan Review
I Overcurrent Device
Location Short-
T Apparent RMS Peak
Of Circuit
E Ampere Interrupting Let-Through Let-Through
Short-Circuit Current Current
M Rating Rating Current Current
AT TRANSFORMER
1 SECONDARY TERMINALS
(INFINITE PRIMARY)
3 AT PANEL
4 AT PANEL
5 AT PANEL
6 AT PANEL
7 AT PANEL
8 AT PANEL
9 AT PANEL
10 AT PANEL
11 AT PANEL
12 AT PANEL
Use back of form or attach separate sheet for data on additional panels.
Use back of form or attach separate sheet to show one-line diagram of service, feeders, and all related panels.
Attach let-through curves if current-limiting devices are used.
All current values in RMS line-to-line unless otherwise noted.
The undersigned accepts full responsibility for the values given herein.
SIGNED DATE
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Electrical Plan Review
Step 6 Compute the Note 3: The marked impedance values on transformers may vary ±10% from
I SCA = I SCA x M the actual values determined by ANSI / IEEE test. See U.L. Standard 1561.
available short- Therefore, multiply transformer % Z by .9.
at at
circuit current fault beginning of circuit.
(symmetrical) at Note 4. Utility voltages may vary ±10% for power, and ±5.8% for 120-volt light-
the fault. ing services. Therefore, for worst case conditions, multiply values as calculated
in Step 3 by 1.1 and/or 1.058 respectively.
† Note 1. Motor short-circuit contribution, if significant, may be added to the trans-
former secondary short-circuit current value as determined in Step 3. Proceed with Note 5: Bolted fault approximations:
this adjusted figure through Steps 4, 5, and 6. A practical estimate of motor short-cir- L-L-L 100% of Step 6.
cuit contribution is to multiply the total load current in amperes by 4. L-L 87% of Step 6.
L-G, L-N 25-125% of Step 6. (Use 50% as typical)
* Note 2. The L-N fault current is higher than the L-L fault current at the secondary ter-
minals of a single-phase center-tapped transformer. The short-circuit current available Note 6: Arcing fault approximation for sustained arcs (percentages of L-L-L
(I) for this case in Step 4 should be adjusted at the transformer terminals as follows: bolted fault values)
At L-N center tapped transformer terminals
I L-N = 1.5 x I L-L at Transformer Terminals 480 Volts 208 Volts
At some distance from the terminals, depending upon wire size, the L-N fault current is L-L-L 89% 12%
lower than the L-L fault current. The 1.5 multiplier is an approximation and will theoreti- L-L 74% 2%
cally vary from 1.33 to 1.67. These figures are based on change in turns ratio between
L-G 38% —
primary and secondary, infinite source available, zero feet from terminals of transformer,
and 1.2 x %X and 1.5 x %R for L-N vs. L-L resistance and reactance values. Begin L-L-L with one primary open 80% —
L-N calculations at transformer secondary terminals, then proceed point-to-point.
8
Electrical Plan Review
(Note: These values are equal to one over the impedance per foot for impedances found in IEEE Std. 241-1990,
Table 2. “C” Values for Conductors
IEEE Recommended Practice for Commercial Building Power Systems.)
Copper
AWG Three Single Conductors Three-Conductor Cable
or Conduit Conduit
kcmil Steel Nonmagnetic Steel Nonmagnetic
600V 5KV 15KV 600V 5KV 15KV 600V 5KV 15KV 600V 5KV 15KV
14 389 389 389 389 389 389 389 389 389 389 389 389
12 617 617 617 617 617 617 617 617 617 617 617 617
10 981 981 981 981 981 981 981 981 981 981 981 981
8 1557 1551 1557 1558 1555 1558 1559 1557 1559 1559 1558 1559
6 2425 2406 2389 2430 2417 2406 2431 2424 2414 2433 2428 2420
4 3806 3750 3695 3825 3789 3752 3830 3811 3778 3837 3823 3798
3 4760 4760 4760 4802 4802 4802 4760 4790 4760 4802 4802 4802
2 5906 5736 5574 6044 5926 5809 5989 5929 5827 6087 6022 5957
1 7292 7029 6758 7493 7306 7108 7454 7364 7188 7579 7507 7364
1/0 8924 8543 7973 9317 9033 8590 9209 9086 8707 9472 9372 9052
2/0 10755 10061 9389 11423 10877 10318 11244 11045 10500 11703 11528 11052
3/0 12843 11804 11021 13923 13048 12360 13656 13333 12613 14410 14118 13461
4/0 15082 13605 12542 16673 15351 14347 16391 15890 14813 17482 17019 16012
250 16483 14924 13643 18593 17120 15865 18310 17850 16465 19779 19352 18001
300 18176 16292 14768 20867 18975 17408 20617 20051 18318 22524 21938 20163
350 19703 17385 15678 22736 20526 18672 22646 21914 19821 24904 24126 21982
400 20565 18235 16365 24296 21786 19731 24253 23371 21042 26915 26044 23517
500 22185 19172 17492 26706 23277 21329 26980 25449 23125 30028 28712 25916
600 22965 20567 17962 28033 25203 22097 28752 27974 24896 32236 31258 27766
750 24136 21386 18888 28303 25430 22690 31050 30024 26932 32404 31338 28303
1000 25278 22539 19923 31490 28083 24887 33864 32688 29320 37197 35748 31959
9
Electrical Plan Review
Aluminum
AWG Three Single Conductors Three-Conductor Cable
or Conduit Conduit
kcmil Steel Nonmagnetic Steel Nonmagnetic
600V 5KV 15KV 600V 5KV 15KV 600V 5KV 15KV 600V 5KV 15KV
14 236 236 236 236 236 236 236 236 236 236 236 236
12 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375
10 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598 598
8 951 950 951 951 950 951 951 951 951 951 951 951
6 1480 1476 1472 1481 1478 1476 1481 1480 1478 1482 1481 1479
4 2345 2332 2319 2350 2341 2333 2351 2347 2339 2353 2349 2344
3 2948 2948 2948 2958 2958 2958 2948 2956 2948 2958 2958 2958
2 3713 3669 3626 3729 3701 3672 3733 3719 3693 3739 3724 3709
1 4645 4574 4497 4678 4631 4580 4686 4663 4617 4699 4681 4646
1/0 5777 5669 5493 5838 5766 5645 5852 5820 5717 5875 5851 5771
2/0 7186 6968 6733 7301 7152 6986 7327 7271 7109 7372 7328 7201
3/0 8826 8466 8163 9110 8851 8627 9077 8980 8750 9242 9164 8977
4/0 10740 10167 9700 11174 10749 10386 11184 11021 10642 11408 11277 10968
250 12122 11460 10848 12862 12343 11847 12796 12636 12115 13236 13105 12661
300 13909 13009 12192 14922 14182 13491 14916 14698 13973 15494 15299 14658
350 15484 14280 13288 16812 15857 14954 15413 16490 15540 17635 17351 16500
400 16670 15355 14188 18505 17321 16233 18461 18063 16921 19587 19243 18154
500 18755 16827 15657 21390 19503 18314 21394 20606 19314 22987 22381 20978
600 20093 18427 16484 23451 21718 19635 23633 23195 21348 25750 25243 23294
750 21766 19685 17686 25976 23701 20934 26431 25789 23750 29036 28262 25976
1000 23477 21235 19005 28778 26109 23482 29864 29049 26608 32938 31919 29135
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Electrical Plan Review
4000A 20000
200000 3000A 100A
INSTANTANEOUS PEAK LET THRU CURRENT IN AMPERES
2500A
2000A
1600A
60A
10000
100000 1200A 9000
90000 8000
80000 7000 30A
70000 800A
6000
60000 601A 5000
50000
4000 15A
40000
3000
AMPERE
RATING
30000
AMPERE
RATING
2000
20000
1000
10000 900
9000 800
8000 700
7000 600
6000
500
5000
400
4000
300
3000
A
A 200
2000
100
1000
1000
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
100000
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
200000
300000
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
200000
300000
11
Electrical Plan Review
300000 300000
200000 200000
AMPERE
RATING
AMPERE
RATING
100000 100000
90000 90000
80000 80000
600A 70000 600A
70000
60000 60000 400A
50000
200A
40000 40000
200A
30000 30000
100A
60A
10000 10000
9000 9000 30A
30A 8000
8000
7000 7000
6000 6000
5000 5000
4000 4000
3000 3000
A A
2000 2000
1000 1000
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
200000
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
200000
B B
400,000 400,000
INSTANTANEOUS PEAK LET-THROUGH CURRENT IN AMPERES
INSTANTANEOUS PEAK LET-THROUGH CURRENT IN AMPERES
AMPERE
RATING
AMPERE
RATING
100,000 100,000
600 600A
400 400A
200 200A
100 100A
60 60A
10,000 10,000
30
30A
A A
1,000 1,000
1,000
100,000
200,000
300,000
100,000
300,000
10,000
10,000
1,000
12
Electrical Plan Review Work Sheet
(1 Phase)
KVA x 1000 = x 1000 = Amperes
IFLA =
EL-L
= x = Short-Circuit Amperes
(1 Phase)
KVA x 1000 = x 1000 = Amperes
IFLA =
EL-L
= x = Short-Circuit Amperes
13
Electrical Plan Review Work Sheet
1.73 x L x IL-L-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 1.73 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
1.73 x L x IL-L-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 1.73 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
1.73 x L x IL-L-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 1.73 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
14
Electrical Plan Review Work Sheet
1.73 x L x IL-L-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 1.73 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
1.73 x L x IL-L-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 1.73 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
1.73 x L x IL-L-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 1.73 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
15
Electrical Plan Review Work Sheet
2 x L x lL-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
16
Electrical Plan Review Work Sheet
2 x L x lL-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-L
A) f =
C x EL-L
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
17
Electrical Plan Review Work Sheet
2 x L x lL-N*
A) f =
C x EL-N
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-N*
A) f =
C x EL-N
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-N*
A) f =
C x EL-N
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
2 x L x lL-N*
A) f =
C x EL-N
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-N*
A) f =
C x EL-N
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Short-Circuit Current at
2 x L x lL-N*
A) f =
C x EL-N
B) f = 2 x x
=
x
C) Multiplier “M” = 1 = 1 =
1+f 1+
Bonding
Why? Section 250-90
What? Section 250-92
How? Section 250-94
Material: Section 250-102(a)
Size: Section 250-102(c)
NEUTRAL
Equipment
Grounding
Conductor
Material: Section 250-118
Install: Section 250-120 800/800
Grounded Neutral Service
Entrance Conductors to Pad
Mount Transformer
20
Electrical Plan Review
Wire
Copper, 75° Thermoplastic Insulated Cable
Copper Maximum Short-Circuit Withstand Current in Amperes
Wire Size For For For For
75° Thermoplastic 1/2 Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycles 3 Cycles
#14 2,400 1,700 1,200 1,000
#12 3,800 2,700 1,900 1,550
#10 6,020 4,300 3,000 2,450
#8 9,600 6,800 4,800 3,900
#6 15,200 10,800 7,600 6,200
#4 24,200 17,100 12,100 9,900
21
Electrical Plan Review
PRIMARY FUSE
FIXTURE
FLUOR.
2
9
3 - #12 THHN
1/2" C. - 30'
800/800
Ground Buss
3 200/200
4 - #3/0 THHN, 2" C. - 60 Feet LPA
3
4 200/150
4 - #1/0 THHN, 1-1/2" C. - 15 Feet LPC
4
5 100/100
4 - #3 THHN, 1-1/4" C. - 20 Feet LPB
6
7 100/70
3 - #4 THHN, 1" C. - 35 Feet AC-2
7
10
8
100/
9 200/
7-1/2
Combination
Motor
Controller
22