Farmer Producer Organizations Scheme PDF

fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds fy,
uhfr ,oa çfØ;k ekxZnf’kZdk
POLICY & PROCESS GUIDELINES FOR

FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS
Hkkjr ljdkj
d`f"k ea=kky;
d`f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx
fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds fy,
uhfr ,oa çfØ;k ekxZnf’kZdk
POLICY & PROCESS GUIDELINES FOR

FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

d`f"k ea=kky;
Hkkjr ljdkj
2013
fo"k; lwph
Hkkx&1% fdlku mRiknd laxBukssa ds lao/kZu ds fy, jk"Vªh; uhfr
1. 14
1. y{; 14
2. 14
2. fe'ku 14
3. 14
3. dk;Z{ks= ,oa foLrkj 14
4. 14
4. ,Q ih vks ds lao/kZu ds fy, lgk;rk 14
5. 15
5. ,Q ih vks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk 15
6. 15
6. fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa dh lgk;rk djus esa jkT; ljdkj laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk 15
7. 16
7. fofo/k 16
Hkkx&2% fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds lao/kZu ds fy, çfØ;k ekxZnf'kZdk

1. 18
1. i`"BHkwfe 18
2. 18
2. ifj;kstuk ds rgr fopkj fd, tkus okys fcanq&m)s'; 18
3. 19
3. fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds fodkl dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, ekxZn'kZd ewY; ,oa fl)kar 19
4. 19
4. lalk/ku laLFkkavksa ¼vkj vkbZ½ dk p;u 19
5. 20
5. ,Q ih vks ds lao/kZu rFkk fodkl dh çfØ;k 20
6. 22
6. ,Q ih vks lsok çfr:i 22
7. 24
7. ifj;kstuk fodkl ds pj.k] le; lhek] çkI; ifj.kke rFkk lR;kiu dh dlkSfV;ka 24
8. 26
8. ifj;kstuk ds ifj.kke 26
9 26
9. ctV ,oa Hkqxrku dh lajpuk 26
5
vuqca/k
31
1. ifj;kstuk ds m)s';okj xfrfof/k;ksa] mRiknu ,oa ifj.kkeksa dk C;kSjk 31
32
2. —f"k mRiknu ç.kkfy;ksa dks ÅtkZoku cukuk 32
33
3. lewg esa 'kkfey djus dh çfØ;k 33
34
4. uSnkfud v/;;u dh :ijs[kk 34
35
5. vk/kkj js[kk v/;;u ds fy, dkjdksa dh foLr`r tkap lwph 35
36
6. dkjksckj vk;kstuk ds fy, fn'kkfunsZ'k 36
37
7. mi dkuwuksa ds fy, fn'kkfunsZ'k 37
38
8. 'kq:vkr çfrosnu dh :ijs[kk 38
39
9. laLFkkfud ifjiDork lwpdkad 39
40
10. çorZd laxBu ¼lacaf/kr jkT; foHkkx@,l ,Q , lh½ rFkk lalk/ku laLFkk
¼vkj vkbZ½ ds chp le>kSrk Kkiu 40
Hkkx&3% mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus ds fy, lalk/ku iqfLrdk

45
vkHkkj 45
46
ifjp; 46
v/;k; 1% mRiknd daifu;ka&ladYiuk ,oa çFkk,a

47
1-1 i`"BHkwfe 47
48
1-2 mRiknd daifu;ksa dh çeq[k fo'ks"krk, 48
49
1-3 mRiknd daifu;ksa ds xBu esa , ,l , dk vuqHko 49
6
v/;k; 2% mRiknd daiuh dk fuxeu
51
2-1 mRiknd daiuh dk xBu djrs le; leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBu ¼lh ch vks½ dh rqyuk
esa lkekftd çfØ;k,a fdruh fHkUu gksuh pkfg,\ 51
52
2-2 D;k çkFkfed leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBuksa ¼vFkkZr Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa] ou laxzkgd lewgksa]
ty ç;ksäk lewgksa] leku fgrdkjh lewgksa] vkfn½ dks mRiknd daiuh esa ifjofrZr fd;k tk ldrk gS\ 52
52
2-3 D;k mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus dh çfØ;k Lo;a lnL;ksa }kjk 'kq: dh tkrh gS ;k cká :i ls 'kq: dh tkrh gS\ 52
52
2-3-1 mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus ds fy, 'kq#vkr drkZ dkSu gks ldrk gS\ 52
52
2-4 mRiknd daiuh ds xBu ds fy, rS;kjh 52
54
2-5 mRiknd daiuh dk iathdj.k 54
pj.k 1% fMftVy gLrk{kj çek.k i= ¼Mh ,l lh½
pj.k 2% funs'kd igpku la[;k ¼Mh vkbZ ,u½
pj.k 3% mRiknd daiuh dk ukedj.k
pj.k 4% laxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsSn
pj.k 5% mRiknd daiuh ds fuxeu ds fy, daiuh jftLVªkj ds ikl tek fd, tkus okys nLrkost
pj.k 6% fuxeu çek.k i=
pj.k 7% ,sls dk;Z ftUgsa mRiknd daiuh ds fuxeu ds rqjar ckn iwjk djuk gksrk gS
56
2-6 mRiknd daiuh ds fuxeu dh vuqekfur ykxr 56
v/;k; 3% mRiknd daiuh dh iwath laca/kh vko';drkvksa dk ewY;kadu

57
3-1 dkjksckj dh vkjafHkd xfrfof/k ds fy, visf{kr iwath dk ewY;kadu 57
58
3-2 çca/ku ,oa dk;kZy; dh ç'kklfud ykxrsa 58
7
59
3-3 QuhZpj ,oa fQDlpj dh ykxr 59
60
3-4 volajpuk ,oa e'khujh dh ykxr 60
60
3-5 funs'kd eaMy rFkk mRiknd daiuh ds inkf/kdkfj;ksa dk çf'k{k.k ,oa {kerk fuekZ.k 60
v/;k; 4% mRiknd daifu;ksa ds dkjksckj dh foÙkh; O;ogk;Zrk dk ewY;kadu

61
4-1 ifjp; 61
61
4-2 dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj djus dh çfØ;k 61
61
4-3 dkjksckj çLrko dk l`tu dSls djsa\ 61
62
4-3-1 NksVs lewgksa dh lksp esa ifjorZu ,slh rduhd gS] ftldk lkekU; rkSj ij u, dkjksckjksa ds fy, çLrkoksa
ds l`tu esa ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ;g çfØ;k nks pj.kksa esa laiUu dh tkrh g 62
62
4-3-2 volj ,oa tksf[ke dk fo'ys"k.k rFkk dkjksckj ds volj dh igpku 62
62
4-3-3 tksf[keksa dk fp=.k ,oa çca/ku 62
63
4-4 foi.ku dh ;kstuk 63
64
4-4-1 foi.ku dh j.kuhfr dk p;u djuk 64
64
4-4-2 LFkkfir djus dh j.kuhfr 64
64
4-4-3 LFkkfir djus dk vk/kkj 64
64
4-4-4 dher ,oa lao/kZu ij vk/kkfjr j.kuhfr;ka 64
66
4-4-5 mRiknd daiuh dh foi.ku ;kstuk 66
70
4-5 foÙkhs; ;kstuk 70
70
4-5-1 ^ctV* D;k gksrk gS\ 70
70
4-5-2 dk;Zdkjh iwath D;k gksrh gS\ 70
8
71
4-5-3 ctV dSls rS;kj djsa\ 71
71
4-5-4 leku :i ls foHkktu dk fo'ys"k.k 71
72
4-5-5 foÙk ds lzksr 72
72
4-5-6 C;kt D;k] gS\ C;kt dh x.kuk ds fofHkUu rjhds D;k gSa\ 72
73
4-5-7 fucy orZeku ewY; ¼,u ih oh½ D;k gS\ 73
76
4-5-8 vkarfjd çfrQy nj D;k gS\ 76
76
4-5-9 udn çokg fooj.k 76
79
4-5-10laosnu'khyrk fo'ys"k.k 79
79
4-6 dkjksckj ;kstuk fy[kuk 79
79
4-6-1 dkjksckj ;kstuk D;k gksrh gS\ 79
80
4-6-2 dkjksckj ;kstuk ds ?kVd D;k gSa\ 80
80
4-6-3 dkjksckj ;kstuk fy[kus ds fy, lq>ko 80
80
4-6-4 dkjksckj ;kstuk dh lq>k;h xbZ :ijs[kk 80
v/;k; 5% mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkkfud fu"iknu dk ewY;kadu

82
5-1 mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkkfud fu"iknu ds lgHkkfxrkiw.kZ ewY;kadu dh :ijs[kk 82
83
vfrfjDr lalk/ku 83
9
LIST OF ACRONYMS
1 AGM Annual General Meeting
2 AoA Articles of Association
3 APMC Agricultural Produce Market Committee
4 ASA Action for Social Advancement
5 BF Business Facilitator
6 BoD Board of Directors
7 CA Chartered Accountant
8 CB Capacity Building
9 CBO Community Based Organization
10 CEO Chief Executive Officer
11 CIG Common Interest Group
12 CS Company Secretaries
13 DAC Department of Agriculture and Cooperation
14 DIN Director Identification Number
15 DPR Detailed Project Report
16 DSC Digital Signature Certificate
17 DSCR Debt Service Coverage Raito
18 EOY End of Year
19 FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
20 FCI Food Corporation of India
21 FFB Farmers Field Book
22 FG Farmer Group
23 FIG Farmer Interest Group
24 FPC Farmer Producer Company
25 FPO Farmer Producer Organization
26 GB General Body
27 GoI Government of India
28 GoMP Government of Madhya Pradesh
29 HR Human Resource
30 IFAD International Fund for Agriculture Development
31 IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute
32 INM Integrated Nutrient Management
33 IPM Integrated Pest Management
34 IPP Integrated Plant Protection
35 IRR Internal Rate Of Return
36 IT Income Tax
37 KCC Kisan Credit Cards
38 LF Lead Farmer
39 LS Lumpsum
40 LPO Livelihood Promotion Organisation
10
la{ksIkk{kjksa dh lwph
1 , th ,e (AGM) okf"kZd vke cSBd
2 , vks , (AoA) laxe vuqPNsn
3 , ih ,e lh (APMC) —f"k mRikn foi.ku lfefr
4 , ,l , (ASA) lkekftd mUufr dh çfØ;k
5 ch ,Q (BF) O;kikj lw=/kkj
6 ch vks Mh (BoD) funs'kd eaMy
7 lh , (CA) lunh ys[kkdkj
8 lh ch (CB) {kerk fuekZ.k
9 lh ch vks (CBO) leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBu
10 lh bZ vks (CEO) eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh
11 lh vkbZ th (CIG) lkekU; ykHk lewg
12 lh ,l (CS) daiuh lfpo
13 Mh , lh (DAC) —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx
14 Mh vkbZ ,u (DIN) funs'kd igpku la[;k
15 Mh ih vkj (DPR) foLr`r ifj;kstuk fjiksVZ
16 Mh ,l lh (DSC) fMthVy gLrk{kj izek.k i=
17 Mh ,l lh vkj (DSCR) _.k lfoZl dojst vuqikr
18 bZ vks okbZ (EoY) o"kZ dk var
19 ,Q , vks (FAO) [kk| ,oa —f"k laxBu
20 ,Q lh vkbZ (FCI) Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe
21 ,Q ,Q ch (FFB) fdlku [ksr cgh
22 ,Q th (FG) fdlku lewg
23 ,Q vkbZ th (FIG) fdlku ykHk lewg
24 ,Q ih lh (FPC) fdlku mRiknd daiuh
25 ,Q ih vks (FPO) fdlku mRiknd laxBu
26 th ch (GB) lkekU; fudk;
27 th vk vkbZ (GoI) Hkkjr ljdkj
28 th vk ,e ih (GoMP) e/; izns'k ljdkj
29 ,p vkj (HR) ekuo lalk/ku
30 vkbZ ,Q , Mh (IFAD) varjkZ"Vªh; —f"k fodkl fuf/k
31 vkbZ ,Q ih vkj vkbZ (IFPRI) varjkZ"Vªh; [kk| uhfr vuqla/kku laLFkku
32 vkbZ ,u ,e (INM) ,dh—r iks"kd rRo izca/ku
33 vkbZ ih ,e (IPM) ,dh—r gkfudkjd tho izca/ku
34 vkbZ ih ih (IPP) ,dh—r ikni laj{k.k
35 vkbZ vkj vkj (IRR) vkarfjd izfrQy nj
36 vkbZ Vh (IT) vk; dj
37 ds lh lh (KCC) fdlku ØsfMV dkMZ
38 ,y ,Q (LF) izeq[k fdlku
39 ,y ,l (LS) ,d eq'r
40 ,y ih vks (LPO) thfodk lao/kZu laxBu
11
41 LRP Local Resource Persons
42 MACS Mutually Aided Cooperative Societies Act
43 MADP Medicinal, Aromatic and Natural Dye Plant Programme
44 MCA Ministry of Corporate Affairs
45 MIS Management Information System
46 MoA Memorandum of Association
47 MoU Memorandum of Understanding
48 MS Excel Microsoft Excel
49 MSP Minimum Support Price
50 NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
51 NAFED National Agriculture Cooperative Federation
52 NCDC National Cooperative Development Corporation
53 NGO Non-governmental organization
54 NPV Net Present Value
55 NVIUC National Vegetable Initiative for Urban Cluster
56 O/T Analysis Opportunites & Threats
57 OD Organisational Development
58 PAN Permanent Account Number
59 PC Producer Companies
60 PC* Personal Computer
61 PC** Procurement Centre
62 PRADAN Professional Assistance for Development Action
63 PV Present Value
64 RFP Request for Proposal
65 RI Resource Institution
66 RKVY Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
67 RoC Registrar of Company
68 S/W Analysis Strengths and Weaknesses
69 SHG Self Help Group
70 SHT Spearhead Team
71 SLSC State Level Sanction Committee
72 SMS Short Message Service
73 SWOT Strength, Weakness, Opportunity & Threats
74 TDS Tax Deducted at Source
75 TIN Tax Information Network
76 ToR Terms of Reference
77 VAT Value Added Tax
77 WHR Warehouse Receipts
79 WUG Water Users Groups
12
41 ,y vkj ih (LRP) LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fDr
42 ,e , lh ,l (MACS) ijLij lgk;rk izkIr lgdkjh lfefr vf/kfu;e
43 ,e , Mh ih (MADP) vkS"k/kh;] lqxaf/kr ,oa izkd`frd jax ikni dk;ZØe
44 ,e lh , (MCA) d‚iksZjsV dk;Z ea=ky;
45 ,e vkbZ ,l (MIS) izca/k lwpuk iz.kkyh
46 ,e vk , (MoA) laLFkkiu çys[k
47 ,e vk ;w (MoU) le>kSrk Kkiu
48 ,e ,l ,sDly (MS Excel) ekbØkslkQ~V ,Dly
49 ,e ,l ih (MSP) U;wure leFkZu ewY;
50 ,u , ch , vkj Mh (NABARD) jk"Vªh; —f"k ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl cSad
51 ,u , ,Q bZ Mh (NAFED) jk"Vªh; —f"k lgdkfjrk la?k
52 ,u lh Mh lh (NCDC) jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe
53 ,u th vks (NGO) xSj ljdkjh laxBu
54 ,u ih oh (NPV) 'kq) orZeku ewY;
55 ,u oh vkb; lh (NVIUC) 'kgjh lewg ds fy, jk"Vªh; lCth igy
56 vks@Vh (O/T Analysis) volj ,oa tksf[ke
57 vks Mh (OD) laxBukRed fodkl
58 ih , ,u (PAN) LFkk;h [kkrk la[;k
59 ih lh (PC) mRiknd daiuh
60 ih lh (PC*) futh daI;wVj
61 ih lh (PC**) [kjhn dsaæ
62 ih vkj , Mh , ,u (PRADAN) fodklkRed dkjZokbZ ds fy, O;kolkf;d lgk;rk
63 ih oh (PV) orZeku ewY;
64 vkj ,Q ih (RFP) izLrko ds fy, vuqjks/k
65 vkj vkbZ (RI) laLkk/ku laLFkk
66 vkj ds oh okbZ (RKVY) jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl ;kstuk
67 vkj vks lh (RoC) daiuh jftLVªkj
68 ,l@MCY;w (S/W Analysis) vPNkbZ;ka ,oa detksfj;ka
69 ,l ,p th (SHG) Lo;a lgk;rk lewg
70 ,l ,p Vh (SHT) vxqvk Vhe
71 ,l ,y ,l lh (SLSC) jkT; Lrjh; Loh—fr lfefr
72 ,l ,e ,l (SMS) y?kq lans'k lsok
73 ,l MCY;w vk Vh (SWOT) vPNkbZ] detksjh] volj ,oa tksf[ke
74 Vh Mh ,l (TDS) lzksr ij dj dVkSrh
75 Vh vkbZ ,u (TIN) dj lwpuk usVodZ
76 Vh vks vkj (ToR) fopkjkFkZ fo"k;
77 oh , Vh (VAT) ewY; of/kZr dj
78 MCY;w ,p vkj (WHR) eky xksnke dh jlhn
79 MCY;w ;w th (WUG) ty iz;ksDrk lewg
13
1
1
jk"Vªh; uhfr
fdlku mRiknd
laxBuksa ds lao/kZu ds fy,
jk"Vªh; uhfr
fdlku mRiknd
NATIONAL POLICY NATIONAL POLICY
FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS
FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
PREAMBLE PREAMBLE
Collectivization of producers, especially small and (RIs).
Collectivization of producers, especially small and
marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3 marginal
To provide the farmers, into producer
required assistance organisations
and resources – has 2.3
emerged as one of the most effective pathways emerged
policy as one
action, inputs, of theknowledge,
technical most effective pathways
financial
to address the many challenges of agriculture but resources,
to addressand infrastructure – to strengthen
the many challenges these
of agriculture but
most importantly, improved access to investments, FPOs.
most importantly, improved access to investments,
technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4 technology
To remove and in
hurdles inputs and markets.
enabling farmers accessDepartment of 2.4
PART ONE
Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, the Agriculture
markets through their FPOs, both
and Cooperation, Ministryas buyers
of Agriculture,
Govt. of India has identified farmer producer andGovt.
sellers.of India has identified farmer producer
organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5 organisation
To create registered
an enabling under
policy the specialfor
environment provisions 2.5
of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate of the Companies
investments in FPOs to Act, 1956 astheir
leverage the collective
most appropriate
institutional form around which to mobilize farmers production and marketing
institutional form around power.
which to mobilize farmers
and build their capacity to collectively leverage their and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3. SCOPE AND COVERAGE 3.
production and marketing strength. production and marketing strength.
3.1 The provisions of this Policy will apply equally 3.1
This policy document is meant to serve as a reference to FPOs already
This policy registered
document either
is meant underasthe
to serve a reference
and guide to Central and State Government agencies Companies Act and under various central
and guide to Central and State Government agencies and
state cooperative society laws and those FPOs
which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
which will be registered subsequent to the issue
Organisations, especially producer companies and Organisations,
of this Policy. especially producer companies and
link them to benefits under various programmes and link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2 The main qualifying criterion for an FPO to attract 3.2
schemes of the Central and State Governments. schemes of the Central and State Governments.
benefits under various schemes and programmes
of the Central and State Governments is that it
1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable 1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
must be a body registered and administered by
agriculture sector by promoting and supporting agriculture sector by promoting and supporting
farmers and the organisation must be focused
member-owned Producer Organisations, that member-owned Producer Organisations, that
on activities in the agriculture and allied sectors.
enable farmers to enhance productivity through enable farmers to enhance productivity through
efficient, cost-effective and sustainable resource use efficient, cost-effective and sustainable resource use
4. SUPPORT FOR PROMOTION OF FPOs 4.
and realize higher returns for their produce, through and realize higher returns for their produce, through
collective action supported by the government, 4.1 The formation
collective andaction
development
supportedofbyFPOs will
the government, 4.1
and fruitful collaboration with academia, research be actively
and encouraged and supported
fruitful collaboration with academia,by theresearch
agencies, civil society and the private sector. Central and State Governments
agencies, civil society andandtheirthe
agencies,
private sector.
using financial resources from various Centrally-
2. MISSION 2. MISSION
sponsored and State-funded schemes in the
agriculture sector agencies. This goal will be
2.1 To promote economically viable, democratic, and 2.1 To promote economically viable, democratic, and
achieved by creating a coalition of partners by the
self governing Farmer Producer Organisations self governing Farmer Producer Organisations
concerned promoter body, involving civil society
(FPOs) (FPOs)
institutions, research organisations, consultants,
2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs 2.2 sector
private To provide
players
support
and anyfor the
other
promotion
entity which
of such FPOs
by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions by qualified
can contribute to theand experiencedofResource
development strong and Institutions
16 and Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA

Dept. of Agriculture 13| GOVT. OF INDIA
Dept. of Agriculture and Cooperation
jk"Vªh; uhfr
fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds lao/kZu ds fy,
çLrkouk
mRikndksa] fo'ks"k :i ls NksVs ,oa lhekar fdlkuksa dk çnku djukA
mRiknd laxBuksa esa lkewghdj.k lcls dkjxj rjhdksa 2-3 bu fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa dks lq–<+ djus ds fy, &
esa ls ,d gSA ;g —f"k ls tqM+h vusd pqukSfr;ksa dk visf{kr lgk;rk ,oa lalk/ku& uhfrxr dkjZokbZ] vknku]
lkeuk djus rFkk fuos'k] çkS|ksfxdh ,oa vknku rFkk rduhdh Kku] foRRkh; lalk/ku ,oa vk/kkjHkwr lqfo/kk,a
cktkj rd igqap esa lq/kkj ds fy, Hkh ,d vR;ar çHkkoh çnku djukA
rjhdk cu dj mHkjk gSA —f"k vkSj lgdkfjrk foHkkx] 2-4 ,Qihvks ds ek/;e ls Øsrk ,oa foØsrk nksuksa :iksa esa,Qihvks
—f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj us daiuh vf/kfu;e] 1956 ds ek/;e ls cktkjksa rd igqap çkIr djus esa fdlkuksa ds
Hkkx ,d
ds fo'ks"k çko/kkuksa ds varxZr iath—r fdlku mRiknd l{ke Z gksus ls tqM+h ck/kkvksa dks nwj djukA
laxBuksa dks lcls mi;qDr laLFkkfud Lo:i ds :i 2-5 mRiknu ,oa foi.ku dh mudh lkewfgd 'kfDr dk ykHk
esa fpfàr fd;k gS ftlds bnZfxnZ fdlkuksa dks laxfBr mBkus ds fy, ,Qihvks esa fuos'k ds fy, vuqdwy uhfr
fd;k tk,xk rFkk mudh mRiknu ,oa foi.ku {kerk ifjos'k dk l`tu djukA
dk lkewfgd :i ls ykHk mBkus ds fy, mudh {kerk 3- dk;Z{ks= ,oa foLrkj
fufeZr dh tk,xhA
3-1 bl uhfr ds çko/kku da iuh vf/kfu;e ds vra xZr rFkk
bl uhfr nLrkost dk mís'; dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkjksa fofHkUu dsa æh; ,oa jkT; lgdkjh lfefr dkuw uksa ds
va rxZr igys ls ia th—r fdlku mRiknd la xBuksa ;k
dh ,slh ,tsfa l;ksa ds fy, lanHkZ ,oa ekxZn'kZd ds :i esa dke ,sls fdlku mRiknd la xBuksa ij leku :i ls ykxw
djuk gS tks fdlku mRiknd laxBukssa fo'ks"k :i ls mRiknd gksa xs tks bl uhfr ds tkjh gksus ds ckn ia th—r gksa xs A
daifu;ksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk ,oa lgk;rk çnku djuk pkgrh 3-2 dsaæ ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkjksa ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ,oa
gS rFkk dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkjksa ds fy, fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ;kstukvksa sa ds varxZr ykHk çkIr djus gsrq fdlku mRiknd
,oa ;kstukvksa ds varxZr ykHkksa ls mUgsa tksMu+ k pkgrh gSAa laxBu ds fy, vgZrk dh eq[; dlkSVh ;g gS fd ;g
fdlkuksa }kjk iath—r ,oa ç'kkflr fudk; gksuk pkfg,
1- y{;% ,d le`) ,oa laiks"k.kh; —f"k {ks= dk fuekZ.k rFkk bl laxBu dh xfrfof/k;ka —f"k ,oa lac) {ks=ksa ij
djus ds fy, lnL;ksa ds LokfeRo okys mRiknd laxBuksa dsafær gksuh pkfg,A
dks c<+kok vkSj leFkZu nsuk] tks fdlkuksa dks dq'ky]
ykxr çHkkoh vkSj fVdkÅ lalk/kuksa ds mi;ksx ds }kjk
mRikndrk c<+kus vkSj ljdkj }kjk lefFkZr lkewfgd 4- ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, lgk;rk
dkjZokbZ ds ek/;e ls vkSj f'k{kkfonksa] vuqla/kku laLFkkuksa] 4-1 —f"k {ks= dh laLFkkvksa esa fofHkUu dsaæ çk;ksftr ,oa jkT;
ukxfjd lekt vkSj futh {ks= ds lkFkZd lg;ksx }kjk foÙk iksf"kr Ldheksa ds fofHkUu lalk/kuksa dk ç;ksx djds
vius mRiknu ds fy, vf/kd çfrQy ikus esa l{ke cukrk dsaæ ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkjksa rFkk mudh laLFkkvksa n~okjk
gSA ,Qihvks ds xBu ,oa fodkl dks lfØ; :i ls çksRlkfgr
fd;k tk,xk rFkk lgk;rk çnku dh tk,xhA bl y{;
2- fe'ku dks çkIr djus ds fy, lk>snkjksa ds xBca/ku dk fuekZ.k
djuk vko';d gksxkA ;s y{; lekt dh lacaf/kr laLFkkvksa]
2-1 vkfFkZ d –f"V ls la H ko] yks d rka f =d ,oa Lo'kklh vuqla/kku laxBuksa] ijke'kZnkrkvksa] futh {ks= ds f[kykfM+;ksa
fdlku mRiknd la x Buks a ¼,Qihvks ½ dks c<+ k ok rFkk mRikndksa ds LokfeRo okys etcwr ,oa laHko ,Qihvks
ns u kA ds fodkl esa ;ksxnku djus esa l{ke fdlh vU; laLFkk dks
2-2 ;ksX; ,oa vuqHkoh lalk/ku laLFkkuksa ¼vkjvkbZ½ ds ek/;e ls 'kkfey djrs gq, lacaf/kr lao/kZd fudk; n~okjk çkIr fd,
,sls fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds lao/kZu ds fy, lgk;rk tk ldrs gSaA
—f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx | Hkkjr ljdkj 13

14
viableviable
producer
producer
ownedowned
FPOs.FPOs. operations
operations
for various
for various
crops.crops.
4.2 Detailed
4.2 Detailedguidelines
guidelines
for the
for promotion
the promotion of FPOs, 5.6
of FPOs, 5.6 DAC
DAC and its
anddesignated
its designated agencies
agencies
will work
will work
with with
including
including
methodology
methodology
of selecting
of selecting
RIs, budgets
RIs, budgets NABARDNABARD
and other
and other
financial
financial
institutions
institutions
to direct
to direct
and registration
and registration
processes
processes
are annexed
are annexed
to thistoPolicy.
this Policy. shortshort
and medium
and mediumterm term
creditcredit
for working
for working
capital
capital
TheseThese
are meant
are meant
to guide
to guide
the Central
the Centraland State
and State and infrastructure
and infrastructure
investment
investmentneedsneeds
of FPOs.
of FPOs.
DAC DAC
Government
Government
agencies
agencies
engagedengaged
in FPOinpromotion
FPO promotion will also
will also
work work
with with
all relevant
all relevant
stakeholders
stakeholders
to to
and provide
and provide
a detailed
a detailed
roadmaproadmapto achieve
to achieve
the the achieve
achieve
100%100%
financial
financial
inclusion
inclusion
for members
for members
of of
visionvision
of building
of building
FPOs,FPOs,
especially
especially
if fundsif funds
underunder FPOsFPOs
and link
andthem
link them
to Kisanto Kisan
CreditCredit
Cards.Cards.
Central
Central
schemes
schemes
are being
are being
used used
to promote
to promoteFPOs.FPOs.
5.7 DAC
5.7 will
DACwork
will work
with Ministry
with Ministry
of Corporate
of Corporate
AffairsAffairs
and and
However,
However,
StateState
Governments
Governments are free
are tofreedevelop
to develop
otherother
stakeholders
stakeholders
to further
to further
clarifyclarify
and strengthen
and strengthen
their own
their independent
own independent
guidelines
guidelines
to support
to support
FPOsFPOs
provisions
provisions
of theoflawthe relating
law relating
to thetoregistration,
the registration,
if they
if they
are using.
are using.
StateState
budgetary
budgetaryfundsfundsfor thefor the
management
management and regulation
and regulation
of FPOsof FPOs
with awith
view
a view
same.same.
to fostering
to fostering
fast paced
fast paced
growthgrowth
of FPOs.
of FPOs.
5. ROLE
5. ROLEOF CENTRAL
OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
INSTITUTIONS
6. ROLE
6. ROLEOF STATE
OF STATE
GOVERNMENT
INSTITUTIONS IN IN
IN SUPPORTING
IN SUPPORTING FPOsFPOs
SUPPORTING
SUPPORTING FPOSFPOS
5.1 Department
5.1 Department of Agriculture
of Agricultureand Cooperation
and Cooperation (DAC),(DAC),
6.1 Besides
6.1 Besides
encouraging
encouraging
StateState
Governments
Governments to taketoup
take up
Ministry
Ministry
of Agriculture,
of Agriculture, Govt.Govt.
of India
of India
will actwillas
act as
formation
formation
of FPOsof FPOs
on a large
on a large
scalescale
through
through
Centrally-
Centrally-
the nodal
the nodal
agency agency
for thefordevelopment
the development and growth
and growth
sponsored
sponsored
and State-financed
and State-financed programmes
programmes and and
of FPOs.
of FPOs.
schemes,
schemes,
DAC DAC suggests
suggests
the following
the following stepssteps
to to
5.2 Small
5.2 Small
Farmers’
Farmers’
Agribusiness
Agribusiness Consortium
Consortium (SFAC),
(SFAC), be taken
be taken
by State
by State
Governments
Governments to support
to support and and
a Society
a Societyunderunder DAC,DAC, will be willthe
be designated
the designated strengthen strengthen
FPOs:FPOs:
agencyagency
of DAC of DAC
to actto as acta as single-window
a single-window for for
6.1.1 6.1.1
By declaring
By declaring
FPOsFPOsat paratwith
par cooperatives
with cooperatives
technical
technical
support,support,
trainingtraining
needs, needs,
research
research
and and
registered
registered
underunder
the relevant
the relevant
State State
legislation
legislation
knowledge
knowledge management
management and to andcreate
to create
linkages
linkages
and self-help
and self-help groups/federations
groups/federations for allfor all
to investments,
to investments,technology
technologyand markets.
and markets.
SFACSFACwill will
benefits
benefits
and facilities
and facilities
that are
that extended
are extended
provide
provide
all- round
all- round
support support
to Stateto State
Governments,
Governments,
to member-owned
to member-owned institutions
institutions
from from
time time
FPOsFPOs
and other
and other
entities entities
engagedengagedin promotion
in promotion
and and
to time.
to time.
development
development of FPOs.of FPOs.
In particular,
In particular,
SFACSFACwill create
will create
sustainable
sustainablelinkageslinkagesbetweenbetween FPOsFPOs and inputs 6.1.2 6.1.2
and inputs By making
By makingprovisions
provisions
for easy
for easy
issueissue
of of
suppliers,
suppliers,
technology
technology providers,
providers,
extension
extension
and and licenses
licenses
to FPOs
to FPOs
to trade
to trade
in inputs
in inputs
(seed, (seed,
research
research
agenciesagencies
and marketing
and marketing and processing
and processing fertilizer,
fertilizer,
farm farm
machinery,
machinery,pesticides
pesticidesetc.) etc.)
players,
players,
both both
in theinpublic
the public
and private
and private
sectors.sectors. for useforofuse
their
of their
membersmembers as well
asas well
routing
as routing
the supply
the supply
of agricultural
of agricultural
inputs inputs
throughthrough
5.3 The
5.3 mandate
The mandate of National
of National
Cooperative
Cooperative
Development
Development
FPOsFPOsat paratwith
par cooperatives.
with cooperatives.
Corporation
Corporation(NCDC) (NCDC)will be willexpanded
be expanded to include
to include
FPOsFPOs
in theinlist
theoflist
eligible
of eligible
institutions
institutions
whichwhichreceivereceive 6.1.3 6.1.3
By using
By using
FPOsFPOsas producers
as producers of certified
of certified
support
support
underunderthe various
the variousprogrammes
programmes of theof the seed,seed,
saplings
saplings
and other
and other
planting
planting
material
material
Corporation.
Corporation. and extending
and extending production
productionand marketing
and marketing
subsidies
subsidies
on par onwith
par cooperatives.
with cooperatives.
5.4 NAFED
5.4 NAFEDwill take
will steps
take steps to include
to include
FPOsFPOsin theinlist
the list
of eligible
of eligible
institutions
institutionswhichwhichact on actitsonbehalf to to 6.1.4 6.1.4
its behalf By suitable
By suitable
amendments
amendments in theinAPMC
the APMCAct Act
undertake
undertake
priceprice
support support
purchasepurchase
operations.
operations. to allow
to allow
directdirect
sale sale
of farm of farm
produceproduceby by
FPOsFPOsat theatfarmgate,
the farmgate,
through through
FPO owned
FPO owned
5.5 DAC
5.5 will
DACworkwill work
with Food
with FoodCorporation
Corporation
of India
of India
(FCI) (FCI)
procurement
procurementand marketing
and marketingcentrescentres
and forand for
and State
and StateGovernments
Governments to encourage
to encourage themthem to to
facilitating
facilitating
contract
contract
farmingfarming
arrangements
arrangements
include
include
FPOsFPOs as procurement
as procurement agencies
agencies underunder
betweenbetween
FPOsFPOsand bulk
and buyers.
bulk buyers.
the Minimum
the Minimum Support SupportPricePrice
(MSP)(MSP)
procurement
procurement
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds 5-6 —f"k ,oa4-2 lgdkfjrk
,Qihvks dsfoHkkx lao/kZurFkkds fy, bldhfoLr`fufnZ r "fn'kkfuns
V laLFkk,a 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k] as dk;Zdkjh lkFk a h la,oa
iwt yXu vk/kkfjd
gS,a ftlesa lalajlpuk k/ku lafuos LFkkvks
'k a ladsc/a p;u kh dh fof/k]
ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';] vko';drkvksctV a ds fy, ,oa iat vYihdj.k,oadhe/;e çfØ;k,a vof/k'kkfey ds _.k gSAa budk mís';]
,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh miyC/k djkus,Qihvksds fy, ds la,u,ch,vkjMh
o/kZu esa 'kkfey rFkk dsæa ljdkjvU; foRrh;,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr laLFkkvks
laLFkkvksa ds lkFk dkea dkdjsekxZxa nhA'kZu—f"kdjuk ,oa rFkk
lgdkfjrkfo'ks"k :ifoHkkxls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r esa ,Qihvks
,Qihvks ds lnL;ks a ds ds
fy,fuekZ'kr.k dsçfr'kr lius dks foRrh; lkdkjlekos djus'kuds fy, foLr`r
lM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr çkIr djus rFkklM+d ekufp=
fdlku ØsfMVçnku dkMZdjuk ls mUgsgS a tc
tksMu+ dss æa dsh;fy, ;kstuk ds rgr
fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA fuf/k;ksa dka dsç;kslkFk
lHkh laxr fgr/kkjdks x ,Qihvks
Hkh dkedsdjs laox/kZkAu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa 5-7 ,Qihvks ds rsrFkkfi]
t xfr ls fodkl dks c<+kokfy,
;fn jkT; ljdkjs a blds nsus jkT;
ds mís ds'ctV ; ls fuf/k;ksa
dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius ls ,Qihvks dsdk iaç;ks x dj jgh
thdj.k] çca/ku gS]a rks,oaos fofue;u
,Qihvks dhls lgk;rk lacaf/kr ds fy, vius
Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa dkuwu ds çko/kkuksa dks vkSj Li"V ,oa lq–<+ djus dsdsfy,
Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns '
Z k fodflr djus fy, Lora= gSAa
—f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx fuxfer dk;Z ea=ky; rFkk vU;
5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh 5- a ds,Qihvks
fgr/kkjdks lkFk dk;Z dh djsxlgk;rkkA djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr 6- fdlku5-1 mRiknd
—f"k ,oa lalgdkfjrk
xBuksa dhfoHkkx (¼Mh,lh½
lgk;rk —f"kesaea=ky;] Hkkjr
djus
ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk jkT; ljdkj ljdkj
dh ,Qihvks
laLFkkvksdsa fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
dh Hkwfedk
ds :i esa dke djsxkA ds :i esa dke djsxkA
6-1 dsaæ ljdkj n~okjk çk;ksftr rFkk jkT; ljdkjksa n~okjk
5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k foÙk iks5-2 y?kqØ—"kd
f"kr dk;Z eksa ,oa —f"k O;olk;
;kstukvks a ds ek/;e ifjla?lsk ¼,l,Q,lh½]
cM+s iSekus tks —f"k
,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh ij fdlku mRiknd ,oa lgdfjrk laxBuksfoHkkx a dk xBu ds va'kqr:xZrdjus ,d dslaLfy, Fkk gS] rduhdh
lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k
jkT; ljdkjksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds vykok] —f"k ,oa la c a / kh vko';drkvks a ] vuq la/kku ,oa Kku
çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k lgdkfjrk foHkkx çca/kuusds,Qihvks fy, vkSjdhfuoslgk;rk 'k çkSn~;djus ksfxdh,oa,oamUgs cktkjks
a a ls laca/k
LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds lq–<+ cukus ds fy, jkT; ljdkjksa n~okjk mBk, tkus ds djus ds
LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ks r ds :i es a dke
fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA fy, fuEufyf[kr fy, pj.kks
—f"k a ,oaa dhlgdkfjrk Hkh flQkfj'k foHkkx dh dh gS %fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk 6-1-1- fdlku,oamRiknd fodkl laesa x'kkfey Buksa dksvU;,sllas LlHkh FkkavksaykHkks
dks a pgq ,oa¡eq[kh lgk;rk
çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk lqfo/kkvksçnku
a ds fy,]djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ds,Qihvks rFkk
tks le;≤ ij lnL;ks a
futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa] LokfeRofuth okyh,oalaLlkoZ Fkkvksta fud
dks çnku nksuksa dh {ks=kstkrh
a ds vknku] gS] laxrvkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk jkT; dkuwçkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/a kku
u ds va r xZr iat h—r lgdkjh lfefr;ks rFkklaLFkkvksa rFkk
foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ Lo;a lgk;rk
foi.kulew,oagks@ a çla
laxLdj.k
Buksa dsdk;Z led{k drkZ?kksvksfa "krds djukA chp lrr laidksaZ
rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA rFkk la c a / kks a dk l`
6-1-2 ,Qihvks ds lnL;ksa ds ç;ksx ds fy, vknku ¼cht] t u djs x kA
5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds [kkn]
5-3 jk"Vª—f"k]h; e'khujh]
lgdkfjrkdhVuk'kd fodkl fuxe vkfn½ dsesa fofHkUu O;kikj dk;ZØeksa ds
varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph djus rFkkvarxZrlgdkjhlgk;rklfefr;ks çkIr djus a dh dsrjgfy,,Qihvks ik= laLdsFkkvksa dh lwph
esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk ek/;e eslsa ,Qihvks
—f"k vknku dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,ds jk"Vª
dh vkiw f rZ Hks t us fy,h; lgHkkfxrk
fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k ,Qihvksfodkl dks vklkuh
fuxe ls¼,ulhMhlh½ ykblsal tkjh djus 'dsk dk
ds vf/kns fy,foLrkj fd;k
tk,xkA çko/kkutk,xkA
djukA
5-4 usQsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks 6-1-3 çekf.kr
5-4 usQchtks a] ikS/kksa rFkk,slhchtkjks
sM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ik= laiL.kFkkvksdha dhvU; lwph esa ,Qihvks
dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu lkefxz;dksksa ds'kkfey
mRiknd djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tksx ewY; leFkZu
ds :i es a ,Qihvks dk ç;ks
laca/kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls djuk larFkk ca/kh lgdkjh
[kjhnnkjhlfefr;ks dk dk;Z a dhdjus rjg dsbudks fy, Hkh mldh vksj ls
dke djrs gSaA mRiknudke,oa djrs foi.ku gSaA ds fy, vuq n ku çnku djukA
5-5 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½ 6-1-4 ,ih,elh
5-5 —f"kvf/kfu;e ,oa lgdkfjrk esa mi;qfoHkkx
Dr la'Hkkjrh; kks/ku djuk [kk|ftlls fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa fd ,Qihvks
vkSj jkT; ds LokfeRo ljdkjks okysa dsçki.klkFk,oa dke foi.kudjsdsxæa kksa rkfd mUgsa
fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½ ds ek/;afofHkUu
e ls ,Qihvks Qlyksa n~ds okjkfy, [ksrh U;wdsumRikn re leFkZ ds u[ksrew@Y; ¼,e,lih½
ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh tksr n~ijokj [kjhnnkjh
ij lh/kh fcØh dh dkjZ dh otk kb;kslds a ds rFkkvarxZ,Qihvksr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, ,oa FkksdlaLØsFkkvks
rkvksa a sa dsdschp :ilaesfonk a ,Qihvks —f"k dhdksO;oLFkkvks 'kkfeya esdjus a ds fy,
çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA lgk;rkçksçnku
Rlkfgrdhfd;k tk lds tkAldsA
fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa dss fy, uhfr ,oa izfØ;k ekxZnf'kZdk fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa dss fy, uhfr ,oa izfØ;k ekxZnf'kZdk
6.1.5 By appointing FPOs as procurement agents
for MSP operations for various crops.
NATIONAL POLICY
6.1.6 By using FPOs as implementing agencies
for various agricultural development
programmes, especially RKVY, NFSM, ATMA
etc. and extending the benefits of Central PREAMBLE
and State funded programmes in agriculture
to members of FPOs on a preferential basis. Collectivization of producers, especially small and
marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
6.1.7 By linking FPOs to financial institutions
emerged as one of the most effective pathways
like cooperative banks, State Financial
Corporations etc. for working capital, to address the many challenges of agriculture but
storage and processing infrastructure and most importantly, improved access to investments,
other investments. technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4
Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
6.1.8 By promulgating state level policies to
support and strengthen FPOs to make Govt. of India has identified farmer producer
them vibrant, sustainable and self-governing organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
bodies. of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate
institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
7. MISCELLANEOUS and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3.
7.1 DAC will issue updates to this Policy Statement and production and marketing strength.
Guidelines from time to time as required. 3.1
7.2 Copies of this document will be placed on the This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
DAC, SFAC, NCDC, NAFED and State Government and guide to Central and State Government agencies
websites and also translated into all official which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
languages for wide publicity and information. Organisations, especially producer companies and
link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
schemes of the Central and State Governments.
1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable

agriculture sector by promoting and supporting
member-owned Producer Organisations, that
enable farmers to enhance productivity through
efficient, cost-effective and sustainable resource use
4.
and realize higher returns for their produce, through
collective action supported by the government, 4.1
and fruitful collaboration with academia, research
agencies, civil society and the private sector.
2. MISSION
2.1 To promote economically viable, democratic, and
self governing Farmer Producer Organisations
(FPOs)
2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions

6-1-5 fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY;
¼,e,lih½ dks ykxw djus ds fy, ,Qihvks dks [kjhn
,oa olwyh ,tsaV ds :i esa fu;qDr djukA
6-1-6 —f"k fodkl ls tqM+s fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa] fo'ks"k :i
ls vkjdsohokbZ] ,u,Q,l,e] ,Vh,e, ds fy,
,Qihvks dk ç;ksx dk;kZUo;ulaLFkkvksa ds :i
esa djuk rFkk ,Qihvks ds lnL;ksas dks rjthgh
vk/kkj ij —f"k ds {ks= esa dsaæ ljdkj ,oa jkT;
ljdkjksa n~okjk for iksf"kr dk;ZØeksa ds ykHk
çnku djukA
6-1-7 dk;Zdkjh iwath] HkaMkj.k ,oa çlaLdj.k volajpuk
rFkk vU; fuos'kksa ds fy, lgdkjh cSadksa] jkT;
foRr fuxeksa vkfn tSlh foRrh; laLFkkvksa ls fdlku
mRiknd laxBu ,Qihvks dks tksM+ukA
Hkkx ,d
6-1-8 ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus ,oa lq–<+ cukuss ds fy,
jkT; Lrjh; uhfr;ka ykxw djuk rkfd os tks'kiw.kZ]
laiks"k.kh; ,oa Lo'kklh fudk; cu ldsaA
7- fofo/k
7-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx vko';drkuqlkjle;≤
ij bl uhfr oDrO; ,oa fn’kkfunsZ’kksa ds uohuhdj.k tkjh
djsxkA
7-2 O;kid çpkj&çlkj ,oa lwpuk ds fy, bl nLrkost dh
çfrfyfi;ka] Mh,lh] ,l,Q,lh] ,ulhMhlh] ,u,,QbZMh
vkSj jkT; ljdkj dh osclkbVksa ij Mkyh tk,axh rFkk lHkh
vkf/kdkfjd Hkk"kkvksa esa vuqokn Hkh fd;k tk,xkA

15
2
2
izfØ;k ekxZnf’kZdk
fdlku mRiknd
izfØ;k ekxZnf’kZdk
fdlku mRiknd
PROCESS GUIDELINES NATIONAL POLICY
1. BACKGROUND
Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC),
Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India launched PREAMBLE
the states follow a standard methodology for FPO
promotion, as well as to provide indicative costs and
a pilot programme for promoting member-based a monitoring framework. States may directly engage RIs
Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) during 2011- (such asCollectivization of producers,
NGOs, private companies, especially
research bodies,small and
12, in partnership with state governments, which was marginal
cooperatives, farmers,
farmers’ intotoproducer
groups) organisations
mobilise farmers (in has 2.3
implemented through the Small Farmers’ Agribusiness which caseemerged
they are as advised
one of to thefollow
mostopen effective
bidding pathways
Consortium (SFAC). The pilot involved the mobilisation norms suggested
to address in these guidelines).
the many Alternatively,
challenges they
of agriculture but
of approximately 2.50 lakh farmers into 250 FPOs (each can invitemost
SFACimportantly,
to empanel suitable RIs on their behalf.
improved access to investments, A
with an average membership of 1000 farmers) across third option would be to award the work directly to SFAC,
technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4
the country, under two sub-schemes of the Rashtriya to undertake FPO promotion on behalf of the State, by
Krishi VikasYojana (RKVY), namely National Vegetable providing the necessary budget to SFAC from the RKVY
Initiative for Urban Clusters and Programme for Pulses Govt.are
head. States offree
India has identified
to choose farmer
their preferred option.producer
Development for 60,000 Rainfed Villages. The purpose organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
of the project is to collectivise farmers, especially small of the Companies
The following paragraphs Act,delineate
1956 as the themost appropriate
project
producers, at various levels across several states, so as guidelines, stages of project
institutional development,
form around which key verifiable farmers
to mobilize
to foster technology penetration, improve productivity, indicators and outcome.
and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
enable improved access to inputs and services and 3.
production and marketing strength.
increase farmer incomes, thereby strengthening 2. PROJECT CONSIDERATIONS – OBJECTIVES
3.1
their sustainable agriculture based livelihoods. The primary objective of mobilising farmers into
This policy
member-owned document
producer is meant to serve
organisations, as a is
or FPOs, reference
SFAC is supporting these FPOs through empanelled to enhanceandproduction,
guide to Central and State
productivity andGovernment
profitability ofagencies
Resource Institutions (RIs), which provide various whichespecially
agriculturists, seek to promote and support
small farmers in theFarmer
country.Producer
inputs of training and capacity-building, and The participant farmersespecially
Organisations, will be given the necessary
producer companies and
linking these bodies to input suppliers, technology support link
to identify appropriate crops relevant
them to benefits under various programmes to their and
providers and market players. The investment in context, provided access to modern technology through 3.2
the capacity of FPOs will be spread over two years. community-based processes including Farmer Field
SFAC is also monitoring the project on behalf of Schools; their capacities will be strengthened and they
DAC and the states and reporting on its progress. will be facilitated to access forward linkages with regard
to technology for enhanced productivity, value addition
The pilot has already shown encouraging results and of feasible products and market tie-ups. Farmers will be
more than 3.00 lakh farmers are presently mobilised into organised into small neighbourhood informal groups
village-level Farmer Interest Groups (FIGs), which are which would be supported under the programme to 4.
being federated into registered FPOs. Besides empowering form associations/organisations relevant to their context
farmers through collective action, these grassroots including confederating them into FPOs for improved
bodies are emerging as nodal points for the transmission input and output market access as well as negotiating
of cultivation technology, inputs and credit and pooling power.
their production to leverage the market for better prices.
2. MISSION
PROJECT OBJECTIVES ARE:
To mainstream the process of institutional development 2.1 To farmers
2.1 Mobilising promoteinto
economically
groups of viable,
between democratic,
15- and
of Farmer Producer Organisations, DAC is issuing these 20 members
self governing
at the Farmer
villageProducer
level (called
Organisations
guidelines to encourage states to directly support FPO Farmer (FPOs)
Interest Groups or FIGs) and building
promotion as a regular activity under RKVY during up their associations to an appropriate
the XII Plan. These guidelines are meant to help federating point i.e. Farmer Producer
18GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

POLICY & PROCESS Dept. of Agriculture and Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA
çfØ;k ekxZnf’kZdk
fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds lao/kZu ds fy,
1 i`"BHkwfe
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lnL; vk/kkfjr fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ¼,Qihvks½ dks vuqlj.k djus esa jkT;ksas dh lgk;rk djuk rFkk lkadsfrd ykxr
c<+kok nsus ds fy, ,d çk;ksfxd ifj;kstuk 'kq: dh] ftls ,oa ,d fuxjkuh :ijs[kk Hkh çnku djuk gSA fdlkuksa dks laxfBr
y?kq fdlku —f"k O;kikj laxBu ¼,l,Q,lh½ ds ek/;e ls djus ds fy, jkT; lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ¼tSls fd xSj ljdkjh
dk;kZfUor fd;k x;kA bl çk;ksfxd dk;ZØe ds rgr ns'kHkj laxBu] futh daifu;ka] vuqla/kku fudk;] lgdkjh lfefr;ka]
esa yxHkx 2-50 yk[k fdlkuksa dks jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl ;kstuk fdlku lewg½ dks lh/ks fu;qDr dj ldrs gSa ¼,sls ekeys esa] mUgsa
¼vkjdsohokbZ½ dh nks mi ;kstukvksa vFkkZr 'kgjh lewgkas ds fy, lykg nh tkrh gS fd os [kqyh cksyh ds ekunaMksa dk vuqlj.k djsa]
jk"Vªh; lCth igy vkSj cjlkr ds ikuh ls çHkkfor 60]000 ftldk lq>ko bu fn'kkfunsZ'kksa esa fn;k x;k gS½A fodYi ds rkSj
xkaoksa ds fy, nygu fodkl dk;ZØe ds rgr 250 ,Qihvks ij] os viuh vksj ls mi;qDr lalk/ku laLFkkvksa dk lewg cukus
¼çR;sd ,Qihvks esa lnL; ds :i esa vkSlru 1000 fdlku ds fy, ,l,Q,lh dks vkeaf=r dj ldrs gSaA rhljk fodYi
gksaxs½ esa laxfBr djus dk dk;Z 'kkfey FkkA bl ifj;kstuk ;g gksxk fd jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl ;kstuk çeq[kls ,l,Q,lh dks
dk mís'; vusd jkT;ksa esa fofHkUu Lrjksa ij fdlkuksa] fo'ks"k vko';d ctV çnku djds jkT; dh vksj ls ,Qihvks dk lao/kZu
:i ls NksVs mRikndksa dk lewg cukuk gS ftlls [ksrh esa djus ds fy, ;g dk;Z lh/ks ,l,Q,lh dks lkSai fn;k tk,A jkT;
ubZ çkSn~;ksfxdh ds ç;ksx dks c<+kok fey lds] mRikndrk esa vius euialn fodYi pquus ds fy, Lora= gSaA
lq/kkj gks] mRiknd lkexzh ,oa lsokvksa rd igqap esa lq/kkj gks]
rFkk fdlkuksa dh vk; esa o`f) gks ftlls laiks"k.kh; —f"k ij fuEufyf[kr vuqPNsnksa esa ifj;kstuk ds fn'kkfuns'Z kks]a ifj;kstuk fodkl ds
vk/kkfjr mudh thfodk lq–<+ gksA pj.kks]a eq[; lR;kiuh; ladrs dksa ,oa ifj.kke dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS %
,l,Q,lh lewg esa 'kkfey lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ¼vkjvkbZ½ ds 2- ifj;kstuk ds rgr fopkj fd, tkus okys fcanq & mís';
ek/;e ls bu ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk dj jgk gSA lalk/ku laLFkk,a
,Qihvks dks çf'k{k.k ,oa {kerk fuekZ.k ls lacaf/kr fofHkUu mRiknd lnL;ksa ds LokfeRo okys mRiknd laxBuksa ;k ,Qihvks esa fdlkuksa
lkexzh çnku djrh gSa] rFkk bu fudk;ksa dks mRiknd lkexzh dks laxfBr djus dk çkFkfed mís'; ns'k esa fdlkuksa] fo'ks"k :i
vkiwfrZdrkZvksa] çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa ,oa cktkj ds f[kykfM+;ksa ls ls NksVs fdlkuksa ds mRiknu] mudh mRiknd {kerk ,oa ykHk esa
tksM+rh gSaA ,Qihvks dh {kerk fuekZ.k esa fuos'k nks o"kZ dh vof/k o`f) djuk gSA çfrHkkxh fdlkuksa dks vius&vius lanHkZ ds vuqlkj
esa fd;k tk,xkA —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx rFkk jkT;ksa dh vksj mi;qDr Qlyksa dh igpku djus ds fy, vko';d lgk;rk çnku
ls ,l,Q,lh bl ifj;kstuk dh fuxjkuh Hkh dj jgk gS rFkk dh tk,xh] fdlku {ks= Ldwy lesr leqnk; vk/kkfjr çfØ;kvksa
bldh çxfr ij lwpuk Hkst jgk gSA ds ek/;e ls vk/kqfud çkSn~;ksfxdh rd igqap çnku dh tk,xh(
mudh {kerkvksa dks lq–<+ fd;k tk,xk rFkk mRikndrk esa o`f)]
çk;ksfxd dk;ZØe igys gh mRlkgo/kZd ifj.kke fn[kk pqdk gS laHkkO; mRiknksa dh ewY; o`f) rFkk cktkj ds lkFk vuqca/k ds fy,
rFkk bl le; 3 yk[k ls vf/kd fdlku] xzke Lrjh; fdlku çkSn~;ksfxdh ds laca/k esa vxzorhZ lgyXurkvksa rd igqap çkIr
ykHk lewgksa ¼,QvkbZth½ esa laxfBr gks pqds gSa] ftUgsa iath—r djus esa mUgsa lgk;rk çnku dh tk,xhA fdlkuksa dks NksVs iM+kslh
,Qihvks esa la?kc) fd;k tk jgk gSA lkewfgd dkjZokbZ ds ek/;e vukSipkfjd lewgksa esa laxfBr fd;k tk,xk ftUgsa vius&vius
ls fdlkuksa dks l'kDr cukus ds vykok] tehuh Lrj dh ;s lanHkZ ds vuqlkj laxBu@laxBu dk fuekZ.k djus ds fy, bl
laLFkk,a [ksrh dh çkSn~;ksfxdh] mRikfnr lkexzh ,oa _.k ds çs"k.k dk;ZØe ds rgr lgk;rk çnku dh tk,xh ftlesa mRiknd
ds fy, rFkk vPNhs dher çkIr djus ds fy, vius mRiknu dks lkexzh ,oa mRiknd cktkj rd igqap ,oa eksyHkko djus dh 'kfDr
lkewfgd :i ls cktkj rd igqapkus ds fy, iz/kku fcanq ds :i esa lq/kkj ds fy, ,Qihvks esa mudks la?kc) djuk 'kkfey gSA
esa mHkj jgh gSaA
bl ifj;kstuk ds mís'; bl çdkj gSa %
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fy, tkjh dj jgk gS ftlls fd jkT;ksa dks 12oha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk laxfBr djuk rFkk laxBu fuekZ.k ds miq;Dr fcanq vFkkZr
vof/k ds nkSjku jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl ;kstuk ¼vkjdsohokbZ½ ds rgr fdlku mRiknd laxBu ¼,Qihvks½ esa muds laxBuksa dks
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—f"k
fdlku,oamRiknd
lgdkfjrk
laxBuksfoHkkx
a dss fy,| Hkkjr
uhfr ,oaljdkj
izfØ;k ekxZnf'kZdk 18
viableOrganisations
producer owned(FPOs) FPOs. so as to plan and operations
of the FPO.for
Farmer-members
various crops. usually receive limited
implement product-specific cluster/commercial compensation, if any, on capital subscribed as a
4.2 Detailed guidelines for the promotion of FPOs, 5.6 DAC and its designated agencies will work with
crop cycles. condition of membership. Farmer-members allocate
including methodology of selecting RIs, budgets NABARD and other financial institutions to direct
2.2 Strengthening farmer capacit y through surpluses for any or all of the following purposes:
and registration processes are annexed to this Policy. short and medium term credit for working capital
agricultural best practices for enhanced developing their FPO, possibly by setting up reserves,
These are meant to guide the Central and State and infrastructure investment needs of FPOs. DAC
productivity. part of which at least would be indivisible; benefiting
Government agencies engaged in FPO promotion will also work with all relevant stakeholders to
2.3 Ensuring access to and usage of quality inputs members in proportion to their transactions with the FPO;
and provide a detailed roadmap to achieve the achieve 100% financial inclusion for members of
and services for intensive agriculture production and supporting other activities approved by the members.
vision of building FPOs, especially if funds under FPOs and link them to Kisan Credit Cards.
and enhancing cluster competitiveness.
Central schemes are being used to promote FPOs.
2.4 Facilitating access to fair and remunerative 5.7 4th will
DAC Principle: Autonomy
work with Ministry and Independence
of Corporate Affairs and
However, State Governments are free to develop
markets including linking of producer groups other
FPOsstakeholders
are autonomous,to further clarify
self-helpand strengthen
organisations
their own independent guidelines to support FPOs
to marketing opportunities through market provisions
controlled ofbythe lawfarmer-members.
their relating to the registration,
If they enter
if they are using. State budgetary funds for the
aggregators. management
into agreements andwith
regulation
other organisations,
of FPOs with a viewincluding
same.
A results framework for proposed activities, governments,
to fostering fastor raise
paced capital
growth from
of external
FPOs. sources, they
outputs and outcomes is provided in Annexure 1. do so on terms that ensure democratic control by their
5. ROLE OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
6. ROLE
farmer-OFmembers
STATE GOVERNMENT
and maintainINSTITUTIONS IN
their FPO’s autonomy.
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
An overview of the suggested institutional arrangement SUPPORTING FPOS
5.1 Department
to achieve theseof Agriculture
results isand
placed
Cooperation
in Annexure
(DAC),
2. 5th Principle: Education, Training and Information
6.1 Besides encouraging State Governments to take up
Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India will act as FPOs operatives provide education and training
formation of FPOs on a large scale through Centrally-
3. GUIDING
the VALUES
nodal agency forAND PRINCIPLES FOR
the development and SUSTAINING
growth for their farmer-members, elected representatives,
sponsored and State-financed programmes and
FARMER
of FPOs. PRODUCER ORGANISATION DEVELOPMENT managers, and employees so that they can contribute
schemes, DAC suggests the following steps to
VALUES: FPOs are based on the values of self-help, self- effectively to the development of their FPOs. They inform
5.2 Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC), be taken by State Governments to support and
PART TWO
responsibility, democracy, equality, equity and solidarity. the general public – particularly young people and
a Society under DAC, will be the designated strengthen FPOs:
FPO members must believe in the ethical values of honesty, opinion leaders – about the nature and benefits of FPOs.
agency of DAC to act as a single-window for
openness, social responsibility and caring for others. 6.1.1 By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
technical support, training needs, research and
6th Principle:
registered under Co-operation
the relevant Stateamong
legislationFPOs
knowledge management and to create linkages
PRINCIPLES: FPO principles are the guidelines by which FPOs serve
andtheir
self-help
members groups/federations
most effectively andfor strengthen
all
to investments, technology and markets. SFAC will
FPOs will put their values into practice. the FPO benefits
movementand facilities
by working that are
together
extended through
provide all- round support to State Governments,
1st Principle: Voluntary and Open Membership local, national,
to member-owned
regional and institutions
international
fromstructures.
time
FPOs and other entities engaged in promotion and
FPOs are voluntary organisations, open to all persons to time.
development of FPOs. In particular, SFAC will create
able to use their services and willing to accept the 7th Principle: Concern for the Community
sustainable linkages between FPOs and inputs 6.1.2 By making provisions for easy issue of
responsibilities of membership, without gender, FPOs work for the sustainable development of their
suppliers, technology providers, extension and licenses to FPOs to trade in inputs (seed,
social, racial, political or religious discrimination. communities through policies approved by their
research agencies and marketing and processing fertilizer, farm machinery, pesticides etc.)
members.
players, both in the public and private sectors. for use of their members as well as routing
2nd Principle: Democratic Farmer Member Control
the supply of agricultural inputs through
5.3 The
FPOs mandate
are democratic
of National Cooperative
organisations Development
controlled by 4. SELECTION OF RESOURCE INSTITUTIONS (RIs)
FPOs at par with cooperatives.
Corporation (NCDC) will who
their farmer-members be expanded
actively toparticipate
include in In case a State Government wishes to appoint SFAC
FPOs
settingin the list policies
their of eligibleand
institutions
makingwhich receive Men
decisions. 6.1.3
as its nodal
By using agency
FPOsforas identification
producers of RIs certified
and/or the
support
and women underserving
the various
as elected
programmes
representatives
of the are promotion
seed,ofsaplings
FPOs, then
and other
it is not
planting
necessary
materialfor it to
Corporation.
accountable to the collective body of members. In follow the
anddetailed
extending
empanelment
productionofand RI process
marketing provided
primary FPOs farmer-members have equal voting in Annexure
subsidies– 3.onThey
parmaywithdirectly
cooperatives.
approach SFAC to
5.4 NAFED will take steps to include FPOs in the list
rights (one member, one vote) and FPOs at other submit a project proposal to take up FPO promotion and
of eligible institutions which act on its behalf to 6.1.4 By suitable amendments in the APMC Act
levels are also organised in a democratic manner. make available the necessary budget after SFAC submits
undertake price support purchase operations. to allow direct sale of farm produce by
a proposal and the same is approved by the SLSC.
FPOs at the farmgate, through FPO owned
3rd Principle:
5.5 DAC Farmer-Member
will work with Economic
Food Corporation Participation
of India (FCI)
procurement and marketing centres and for
and
Farmer-members
State Governmentscontribute
to encourage
equitably
themto,to and However, if the State is undertaking direct appointment
facilitating contract farming arrangements
include
democratically
FPOs as
control,
procurement
the capital
agencies
of their FPO.
under
At least of RIs and promotion of FPOs, then the process in
between FPOs and bulk buyers.
the
partMinimum
of that capital
Supportis usually
Price (MSP)
the common
procurementproperty Annexure – 3 must be followed.
POLICYDept. of Agriculture
& PROCESS andFOR
GUIDELINES Cooperation | GOVT. OF
FARMER PRODUCER INDIA
ORGANISATIONS 19
Qly pØ dh ;kstuk cukbZ tk lds ,oa dk;kZfUor dh lnL;rk dh 4-2,d 'krZ ,Qihvks ds :i ds laesoa /kZtek u ds dhfy,xbZfoLr`viuh r fn'kkfuns
iwath 'Zijk] bl uhfr ds
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& alnL;
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2-2 mRikndrk esa o`f) ds fy, —f"k dh loksZRre çFkkvksa ds fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ctV ;k,oalHkh iathdj.k
ç;kstuksdha dsçfØ;k,a fy, vfrfjDr 'kkfey gSHkkx Aa budk mís';]
ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dh {kerk dks lq–<+ djukA dk vkoaVu djrs gS,Qihvks a % viusds,Qihvks lao/kZu esdk a 'kkfey fodkl dsæa djuk]
ljdkj la,oaHkor% jkT; ljdkj dh
2-3 xgu —f"k mRiknu ds fy, csgrjhu mRiknd lkexzh ,oa cpr dk xBu djds laL] Fkkvks
ftldk a dk ekxZ dqNn'kZuudqdjuk N HkkxrFkkvfoHkkT; fo'ks"k :igkslsxk(,slh ifjfLFkfr
lsokvksa rd igqap ,oa muds ç;ksx dk lqfuf'p; djuk rFkk ,Qihvks ds lkFk lnL;ks esa ,Qihvks a ds ysdsufuekZ &nsu.k dsds vuq liusikrdks eslkdkj a mudksdjus ykHkds fy, foLr`r
lewg dh çfrLi/khZ {kerk esa o`f) djukA çnku djuk( vkSj lnL;ks lM+d a ekufp= n~okjk vuq çnku eksfnr djukvU;gS xfrfof/k;ks tc dsæa h;a dh ;kstuk ds rgr
2-4 mfpr ,oa ykHkçn cktkjksa rd igqap çkIr djus esa lgk;rk lgk;rk djukA fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
çnku djuk ftlesa cktkj lewgdksa ¼vk<+fr;ksa½ ds ek/;e ls rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
mRiknd lewgksa dks cktkj ds voljksa ls tksM+uk 'kkfey gSA pkSFkk fl)kar % Lok;Rrrk dk ç;ksx,oadjLorajgh=rkgS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
,Qihvks Lok;Rr] Lo;a Lo;a lgk;rk
ds Lora=lafn'kkfuns xBu gS'Za kftudk fodflrfu;adjus =.k dsmuds fy, Lora= gSAa
çLrkfor xfrfof/k;ksa] mRiknksa ,oa ifj.kkeksa ds fy, ,d ifj.kke
fdlku & lnL;ksa n~okjk fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn os nwljs laxBuks]a
:ijs[kk vuqca/k&1 esa çnku dh xbZ gSA
ftlesa ljdkjs5-a 'kkfey ,Qihvks gS]a ds lkFk dh lgk;rk dksbZ djkj djus djrs gSesa a ;kdsaæckº; ljdkj dh
bu ifj.kkeksa dks çkIr djus ds fy, lq>k;h xbZ laLFkkfud lzkrs ksa ls iwt
a h tqVkrslaLgSFkkvks
]a rks osa dh ;s lc ,s l h 'krks Z a ij djrs gS
a tks
O;oLFkk dk flagkoyksdu vuqca/k&2 esa çnku fd;k x;k gSA
Hkwfedk
muds lnL; & fdlkuksa n~okjk yksdrkaf=d fu;a=.k dk lqfu'p;
djrh gSa rFkk5-1muds—f"k ,Qihvks,oa lgdkfjrk dh Lok;Rrrk foHkkx dks cuk, (¼Mh,lh½ j[krh—f"kgSAa ea=ky;] Hkkjr
ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
3- fdlku mRikind laxBu ds fodkl dks cuk,
ikapok fl)kar % f'k{kk] ds :i çf'k{k.k esa dke,oa djs lwpxuk kA
j[kus ds fy, ekxZn'kZd ewY; ,oa fl)kar
ewY;% fdlku mRiknd laxBu Lo;a lgk;rk] Lo;a ftEesnkjh] ,Qihvks ds 5-2 çpkyuy?kqlac—"kd a/kh fn'kk —f"k funs O;olk; Z'kksa esa ifjlamuds?k fdlku ¼,l,Q,lh½] & tks —f"k
yksdra=] lekurk] lerk rFkk ,drk ds ewY;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSaA lnL;ksa] pqus gq, çfrfuf/k;ks a ] çca / kdks a rFkk
,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh deZ p kfj;ks a ds fy,
bZekunkjh] [kqykiu] lkekftd ftEesnkjh rFkk nwljksa dh ijokg f'k{kk ,oa çf'k{k.k lgk;rk]dk çko/kku çf'k{k.k gS rkfdlaca/kh osvko';drkvks vius ,Qihvks a] vuqds la/kku ,oa Kku
djus ds uSfrd ewY;ksa esa ,Qihvks ds lnL;ksa dk fo'okl vo'; fodkl esa dkjxj <açca x /lsku;ksdsxnku dj lds a A os ,Qihvks
fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k dh ç—fr
,oa ykHkksa ds ckjs esLFkkfir
a vke turk djus ds& fy, fo'ks",dy k :i L=ks ls r;qdsokvks:ia rFkk
Hkkx nks
gksuk pkfg,A esa dke djus ds
lgefr fuekZrkvksa &fy,dks —f"k lwpuk,oaçnku djrs gS a A
lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
fl)kar% ,Qihvks ds fl)kar os fn'kk funs'Z k gSa ftuds ek/;e ls ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
,Qihvks vius ewY;ksa dks O;ogkj esa ykxw djsxa As NBoka fl)kar % ,Qihvks ,oa fodkl ds chpesa lg;ks 'kkfeyx vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
,Qihvks vius lnL;ks çnkua dh djs lcls xkAdkjxj fo'ks"k<ax:ils lsls]ok,l,Q,lh djrs gSa rFkk,Qihvks rFkk
igyk fl)kar % LoSfPNd ,oa [kqyh lnL;rk jk"Vªh;] LFkkuh;] {ksfuth=h; rFkk ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds ek/;e
va r jkZ" Vªh; la jpukvks a ds vknku] lsvkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
,Qihvks LoSfPNd laxBu gSa rFkk lHkh O;fDr budh lsokvksa lkFk feydj dke djds çkSn~;ksf,Qihvksxdh çnkrkvks vkanksya] ufoLrkj dks lq–,oa<+ djrs vuqla/gSkku Aa laLFkkvksa rFkk
dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSa vkSj ;s ySafxd] lkekftd] uLyh;] foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
jktuhfrd ;k /kkfeZd HksnHkko ds fcuk lnL;rk dh ftEesnkfj;ksa lkroka fl)kar % leqnk; ds fy, ljksdkj
rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
dks Lohdkj djus ds bPNqd gksrs gSaA ,Qihvks vius lnL;ksa n~okjk vuqeksfnr uhfr;ksa ds ek/;e ls vius
leqnk;ksa ds la5-3iks"k.kh;
jk"Vªfodkl
h; lgdkfjrk ds fy, fodkl dke djrs fuxegSaA ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
nwljk fl)kar % fdlku & lnL; n~okjk yksdrkaf=d fu;a=.k varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
,Qihvks yksdrkaf=d laxBu gSa rFkk ;s vius fdlku & lnL;ksa 4- lalk/ku laesLaFkkvks ,Qihvks a ¼vkjvkbZdks 'kkfey ½ dkdjus p;uds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
n~okjk fu;af=r gksrs gSa tks budh uhfr;ksa dk fu/kkZj.k djus ,oa ;fn dksbZ jkT; ljdkj fodkl lalk/ku fuxelaLFkkvks ¼,ulhMhlh½ a dh igpku ds djus vf/knsvkS'k j@;k
dk foLrkj fd;k
fu.kZ; ysus esa lfØ; :i ls Hkkxhnkjh djrs gSaA p;fur çfrfuf/k tk,xkA
,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, ,l,Q,lh dks viuh ç/kku laLFkk ds
ds :i esa dke djus okys iq:"k ,oa efgyk nksuksa gh lnL;ksa ds :i esa fu;qDr5-4djukusQpkgrh
sM ¼,u,,QbMh½
gS] rks mlds ,slhfy,ik= lalalLk/ku
Fkkvkslaa dh lwpa h esa ,Qihvks
LFkkvks
lkewfgd fudk; ds çfr tokcnsg gksrs gSaA çkFkfed ,Qih vks esa dks 'kkfey
dk lewg cukus dh foLr` r çfØ;kdjus ¼tksdsvuqfy,
c/a k&3dne mBk,xkgS½ tks
esa miyC/k dk ewY; leFkZu
fdlku & lnL;ksa dks ernku dk leku vf/kdkj gksrk gS ¼,d vuqlj.k djuk vko';d laca/kh ugha
[kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z dsdjus
gSA os ,Qihvks lao/kZdsu dk
fy,dk;Z mldh vksj ls
lnL;] ,d er½ rFkk vU; Lrjksa ds ,Qihvks Hkh yksdrkaf=d <ax djus ds fy, ifj;ksdketuk djrs
çLrkogSaAçLrqr djus ds fy, ,l,Q,lh
ls laxfBr gksrs gSaA ls lh/ks laidZ5-5dj ldrh
—f"k ,oagSa lgdkfjrk
rFkk ,l,Q,lh foHkkx n~Hkkjrh;
okjk çLrko [kk| çLrq
fuxer ¼,QlhvkbZ½
fd, tkus rFkk ,l,y,llh
vkSj jkT;n~oljdkjks
kjk mudk a dsvuqlkFk
eksnudke gks tkusdjsxdsk rkfd mUgsa
rhljk fl)kar % fdlku & lnL; dh vkfFkZd Hkkxhnkjh ckn vko';d ctVfofHkUumiyC/kQlyks djk aldrh gS
A
a
fdlku & lnL; vius ,Qihvks dh iwath esa leku :i ls ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
;ksxnku djrs gSa rFkk yksdrkaf=d <ax ls mldk fu;a=.k djrs rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ij
lal[kjhnnkjh
k/ku laLFkkvks dha dh
dkjZlh/kh
okb;ksa fu;q
ds fDr
varxZdj
r [kjhn
jgk ,oa olwyh
gSaA bl iwath dk dqN u dqN Hkkx vke rkSj ij ,Qihvks gS rFkk ,Qihvks ds lalaLoFkkvks
/kZu a dksa dsdk;Z
:idjesa jgk
,Qihvks
gS] rksdksvuq'kkfey
ca/k&3 esdjus
a ds fy,
çks R lkfgr fd;k
dh lk>h laifRr gksrk gSA fdlku & lnL; vke rkSj ij fu/kkZfjr çfØ;k dk vuqlj.k vo'; fd;k tkuk pkfg,A tk lds A
—f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx | Hkkjr ljdkj fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa dss fy, uhfr
19 ,oa izfØ;k ekxZnf'kZdk
5. FPO PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS NATIONAL POLICY
Cluster
Identification
Assessment
PREAMBLE
Diagnostic
& Audit Study
Business Feasibility
to address the many challenges of agriculture but
Operations Analysis
Systems Baseline
development
Govt. of India has identified
Assessment
farmer producer
organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate
Resource Business
Mobilisation and build their capacity
Planningto collectively leverage their
3.
3.1
This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
Organising and andMobilisation
guide to Central and State Government agencies
Formalising whichFarmers
of seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
Organisations, especially producer companies and
FIGURE 1: FPO PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
3.2
CLUSTER IDENTIFICATION – Cluster areas are to be then appraised by hired external experts in various
selected by the RI in consultation with the respective technical1.areas. VISION:
A normal
To build
feasibility
a prosperous
study shouldandcover
sustainable
State Government departments. However, it should be aspects suchagriculture as financial,sector
technical,
by promoting
legal, political,
and supporting
ensured that a cluster of 8,000-10,000 farmers should socio-cultural,member-owned
environmental, economic
Producer and Organisations,
resource that
be formulated, within one or two blocks, identifying feasibility. Theenable Feasibility
farmers
Analysis
to enhance
will establish
productivity
a case through
80 to 120 contiguous villages of a particular district. for promotionefficient,
of FPCs cost-effective
in the prevailingandspecific
sustainable
regional
resource use
4.
environmental and
context
realizeofhigher
the FPOs.
returns for their produce, through
DIAGNOSTIC STUDY – A Diagnostic Study is to be collective action supported by the government, 4.1
conducted by the RI in the selected cluster area. The BASELINE ASSESSMENT and fruitful collaboration
– Baseline with
Assessment,
academia, research
Diagnostic Study is conducted to assess the preliminary to be carriedagencies,
out by RI, civil
will help
societyin generating
and the private
data sector.
situation of the farmers and level of agriculture in the related to the current prevailing situation of farming
2. marginal
area. The study will also help in identifying the potential and small, MISSION and tenant farmers. Baseline
interventions required and understand the specific assessment will cover a variety of factors to identify
project implementation context. A detailed list of factors the potential interventions, to plan development and
to be covered in the study is mentioned in Annexure – 4. business plans and to establish the base figures based
(FPOs)
on future outcome indicators that can be measured to
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS – Feasibility Analysis for the understand 2.2 the
To provide
changesupport for theThe
contribution. promotion of such FPOs
assessment
formation of FPCs should be carried out by RIs and shall be conducted by qualified
usingand experienced
stratified randomResource
sampling Institutions

5 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu rFkk fodkl dh çfØ;k
lewg dh igpku
ewY;kadu ,oa
uSnkfud v/;;u
ys[kk ijh{kk
O;olk; çpkyu laHkkO;rk fo”ys”k.k
vk/kkj js[kk
ç.kkfy;ksa dk fodkl
ewY;kadu
dkjksckj dh
lalk/ku tqVkuk
vk;kstuk
laxfBr djuk ,oa fdlkuksa dks

vkSipkfjd :i nsuk laxfBr djuk
fp=&1% ,Q ih vks ds lao/kZu rFkk fodkl dh çfØ;k
lewg dh igpku % lewg ds {ks=ksa dk p;u lalk/ku laLFkk rduhdh {ks=ksa ds fy, fu;qDr fd, x, ckgjh fo'ks"kKksa n~okjk
n~okjk jkT; ljdkj ds lacaf/kr foHkkxksa ds lkFk ijke'kZ djds mudk ewY;kadu fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ,d vkSipkfjd laHkkO;rk
fd;k tk,xkA rFkkfi] ;glqfuf'pr fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd fdlh v/;;u ds rgr foRrh;] rduhdh] dkuwuh] jktuhfrd] lkekftd
fof'k"V ftys ds 80 ls 120 lehiLFk xkaoksa dh igpku djrs gq, & vkfFkZd] i;kZoj.kh; rFkk lalk/ku laHkkO;rk tSls igyw 'kkfey
,d ;k nks Cy‚d ds vanj 8]000 ls 10]000 fdlkuksa ds lewg dk gksus pkfg,A laHkkO;rk fo'ys"k.k dks ,Qihvks ds çpfyr fof'k"V
fuekZ.k fd;k tk,A {ks=h; ,oa i;kZoj.kh; lanHkZ esa ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu dk vkSfpR;
LFkkkfir gksxkA
uSnkfud v/;;u % lewg ds p;fur {ks= esa lalk/ku laLFkk n~okjk
uSnkfud v/;;u fd;k tk,xkA fdlkuksa dh çkjafHkd fLFkfr vk/kkj js[kk ewY;kadu % lalk/ku laLFkk n~okjk lapkfyr fd,
rFkk {ks= esa —f"k ds Lrj dk ewY;kadu djus ds fy, uSnkfud tkus okys vk/kkj js[kk ewY;kadu ls [ksrh rFkk NksVs] lhekar ,oa
v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA bl v/;;u ls visf{kr laHkkfor gLr{ksiksa dk'rdkj fdlkuksa dh orZeku çpfyr fLFkfr ls lacaf/kr vkadMs
dh igpku djus esa lgk;rk ds lkFk] fof'k"V ifj;kstukvksa ds l`ftr djus esa lgk;rk çkIr gksxhA vk/kkj js[kk ewY;kadu ds
dk;kZUo;u ds lanHkZ dks le>us esa Hkh lgk;rk feysxhA bl rgr laHkkfor gLr{ksiksa dh igpku djus] fodkl ,oa O;olk; dh
v/;;u esa 'kkfey fd, tkus okys dkjdksa dh foLr`r lwph ;kstuk,a rS;kj djus rFkk Hkkoh ifj.kke ladsrdksa ds vk/kkj ij
vuqca/k&4 esa nh xbZ gSA cqfu;knh vkadM+s LFkkfir djus ds fy, vusd dkjdksa dks 'kkfey
fd;k tk,xk] ftUgsa ifjorZu esa ;ksxnku dks le>us ds fy, ekik
laHkkO;rk fo'ys"k.k % lalk/ku laLFkkvksa n~okjk ,Qihvks ds xBu tk ldrk gSA vusd rjg ds fgr/kkjdksa ds lkFk [kqyh dsfUnzr
ds fy, laHkkO;rk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkuk pkfg, vkSj fQj fofHkUu lewg ppkZ rFkk lqxfBr ifjokj Lrjh; lk{kkRdkj ds ek/;e ls
fdlku,oamRiknd
—f"k lgdkfjrk
laxBuksfoHkkx
a dss fy,| Hkkjr
uhfr ,oaljdkj
viable
through producer owned
structured FPOs.
household-level interviews and operations
be hurried inforany various
manner crops.
and there is no “right time” by
open-ended focus group discussions with a variety which the FPO must be registered. Any period between
of stakeholders. Refer to Annexure – 5 for a detailed 18 months to 24 months may be necessary for the
checklist of factors to be studied in baseline surveys. FIGs to settle down and understand the implications
of aggregation. Only then should the FPO registration
BUSINESS PLANNING – Business Planning will be be attempted.
carried out by RIs with the help of selected farmers’
representatives. Business planning is a process through RESOURCE MOBILISATION – Before initiating the
which the strategic and operational orientation of an operations of a FPO all required resources should be
emerging FPO is shaped. While baseline assessment 5.7 DAC
mobilised
will work
by the
withRIMinistry
with theofhelp
Corporate
of FPO Affairs
representatives
and
figures will be important inputs to understand the other
and board
stakeholders
of directors.
to furtherFinancial,
clarify and human
strengthen(staff),
level from which products and services for farmers’ provisions
technical and of the
physical
law relating
resourcesto should
the registration,
be developed
members should be developed, more important will be management
during this particular
and regulation
step. Based
of FPOs
on the
withbusiness
a view plan
same.
the collective visualisation of the future of the FPO. Using thefostering
to RI shouldfastliaise with growth
paced various of
financing
FPOs. agencies and
a variety of tools and systematic collective reflections, mobilise resources for hiring/purchasing and developing
a business plan with proper projections on various 6. ROLE
various OFresources.
STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
aspects needs to be developed. The key is to develop SUPPORTING FPOS
5.1 Department
business plans of Agriculture
in detail with
andat Cooperation
least 10% of (DAC),
FPO farmer MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT – RIs should
Ministry
membersoftoAgriculture,
provide clearGovt.
vision.ofAIndia
detailed
willlist
actof as
content facilitate the development of management systems in
the
is provided
nodal agency
in Annexure
for the development
– 6. and growth the FPO. Guidelines for management systems should
of FPOs. be able to address all requirements related to financial
MOBILISATION OF FARMERS – Once a strong case has services, input and output management services.
PART TWO
been established by SHT with the help of a select group Systems related to management of finance, human
of farmers through the business planning process, it resources, stock and inventory, procurement and quality
is time to mobilise farmers into FIGs and eventually 6.1.1 By declaring
management, FPOs at
marketing, par with
internal cooperatives
audit, internal conflict
as farmer-members of FPOs. Mobilisation of farmers resolution
registered
and other
under important
the relevant
functional
State legislation
areas should
should be done with a variety of communication aids be developed.
and self-help
Standardgroups/federations
operating procedures for all
for the
like – pamphlets, documentary movies, posters, regular benefitsbeand
same should facilities that are extended
established.
village-level meetings, proper vision development of to member-owned institutions from time
promoter farmer-members. Promoter farmer-members BUSINESS to time.OPERATIONS – Business operations is
are those who are eager to form a FPO on voluntary the commencement of procurement, production,
basis, having understood the importance and potential processing, marketing and financial service activities
benefits of forming FPOs, obtained through training of a FPO. RIs should carefully train both the governing
programmes and exposure provided by SHT of RIs. and operational structures of the FPO in order to ensure
smooth functioning of business operations. The entire
ORGANISING
5.3 The AND FORMALISING
mandate of National Cooperative Development
– FIGs in an value-chain related to various agriculture and allied
Corporation
aggregated (NCDC) cluster will be expanded
together to include
form FPOs. Typically, products and commodities needs to be managed.
FPOs
aroundin the
50-70
list of
FIGs
eligible
can come
institutions
together
which to receive
form a FPO. 6.1.3 By using FPOs as producers of certified
support
FPOs canunder the various
be registered underprogrammes
the ProducerofCompany
the ASSESSMENT AND AUDIT
seed, saplings and–other
RIs should
planting
facilitate
material
constant
Corporation.
provision under the Companies Act A separate manual assessment
and extending
of performance
production
of various
andstakeholders
marketing like
on registration of FPOs is enclosed with these guidelines. farmersubsidies
members, ongoverning
par with cooperatives.
board of directors and
See also Annexure – 7. However, it must be clarified service providers. They should also help FPOs to reflect
that the purpose of mobilising farmers is not merely using Institutional Maturity Index to understand areas of
to achieve the target of registering a formal entity. The improvement. Internal process and accounting audits
5.5 DAC
final will
form work
which
withtheFoodFPOCorporation
assumes of (i.e.
India
cooperative,
(FCI) will help maintain both transparency and accountability
and
producer
Statecompany,
Governments multi-tostate
encourage
cooperative themetc.)
to must (Annexure-9). These are key institutional systems for
include FPOs taken
be a decision as procurement
by FIG members agencies under
at an appropriate FPO evolution.
time.Minimum
the Support
It is important Price that
to stress (MSP)theprocurement
process must not
& PROCESS andFOR
ORGANISATIONS 21
Js.khc) vfu;fer uewukdj.k dk ç;ksx djds ewY;kadu lapkfyr lnL;ksa n~okjk 4-2 fy;k ,Qihvks tkukds pkfg,A lao/kZu dsblfy,ckr foLrìjr fn'kkfuns
tksj ns'Z uk]k bl uhfr ds
fd;k tk,xkA vk/kkj js[kk losZ{k.k esa ftu dkjdksa dk v/;;u egRoiw.kZ gS fd fdlh lkFk laHkhyXu<axgS,a lsftles bla laçfØ;k
lk/ku laesLa Fkkvks
tYncktha ds p;u dh fof/k]
fd;k tkuk gS mudh foLr`r tkap lwph ds fy, vuqca/k&5 ns[ksaA ugha djuh pkfg, ctV rFkk ,oa ,slkiatdkshdj.k
bZ ^^lgh dh çfØ;k,a
le;** ugha 'kkfeygS gStc Aa budk mís';]
rd ,Qihvks dk ,Qihvks iathdj.kds lagkso/kZgh u estkuk a 'kkfeypkfg,A
dsæa ljdkj ,QvkbZ ,oa t jkT;
h ljdkj dh
dkjksckj dh vk;kstuk % fdlkuksa ds p;fur çfrfuf/k;ksa dh ds fy, fLFkj gksulas LrFkk Fkkvksalew
dk gekxZdsn'kZçHkkoks u djuk a dksrFkkle>us fo'ks"k ds
:ify, ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
lgk;rk ls lalk/ku laLFkkvksa n~okkjk dkjksckj dh ;kstuk rS;kj 18 ekg ls 24 ekgesa ds ,Qihvks
chp dsdhfuekZ .k ds lius dksgkslkdkj
vof/kvko';d ldrh djusgSAds fy, foLr`r
dh tk,xhA dkjksckj vk;kstuk ,d ,slh çfØ;k gS ftlds ek/;e blds ckn gh] ,Qihvks lM+d ekufp= ds iathdj.k çnku djuk dk ç;kl gS tc'kqds:æa h;djuk ;kstuk ds rgr
ls mHkjrs ,Qihvks dh j.kuhfr ,oa çpkyukRed vfHkfoU;kl pkfg,A fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
dks vkdkj fn;k tkrk gSA ;n~;fi ml Lrj dks le>us ds fy, rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
vk/kkj js[kk ewY;kadu ds vkadM+s egRoiw.kZ fuos’k gksaxs ftl Lrj lalk/ku tqVkuk % dk,Qihvks ç;ksx djdkjghçpkyu gS]a rks os vkja Hk djus
,Qihvks dh lgk;rkls iwoZ ds fy, vius
ij fdlku&lnL;ksa ds fy, mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa dk fodkl fd;k ,Qihvks ds çfrfuf/k;ks Lo;a dsa rFkk Lora=funs Z'kd 'Z eak Mfodflr
fn'kkfuns y dh lgk;rk djus ds fy, ls Lora= gSAa
tkuk pkfg,] fQj Hkh ,Qihvks ds Hkfo"; dh lkewfgd :i ls lalk/ku laLFkk n~okjk lHkh visf{kr lalk/kuksa dks tqVk;k tkuk
dYiuk djuk vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gksxkA vusd rjg ds midj.kksa pkfg,A bl 5-fof'k"V,Qihvks pj.k dsdh nkSjlgk;rk
ku] foRrh;]djus ekuoes¼,pvkj½]
a dsaæ ljdkj dh
rFkk lqO;ofLFkr lkewfgd fopkj&foe'kksaZ dk ç;ksx djds fofHkUu rduhdh ,oa HkkSfrd lalk/kuksa dk fodkl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
igyqvksa ij leqfpr vuqeku ds lkFk dkjksckj ;kstuk dks fodflr dkjksckj ;kstuk ds vk/kkj ij lalk/ku laLFkk dks pkfg,
djus dh t:jr gksrh gSA foLr`r dkjksckj ;kstuk,a fodflr fd og fofHkUu 5-1 foRrh;—f"k ,oalaLlgdkfjrkFkkvksa ls lafoHkkx idZ djs (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
rFkk fofHkUu
djus dh dqath ;g gS fd ,Qihvks ds de ls de 10 çfr'kr lalk/kuksa dks miyC/k ljdkj djkus,Qihvks
@[kjhnus ds fodkl ,oa çxfrdjus
,oa fodflr ds fy, ds ç/kku laLFkk
fdlku & lnL; viuk Li"V utfj;k çnku djsaA varoZLrq dh fy, lalk/ku tqVk,A ds :i esa dke djsxkA
foLr`r lwph vuqca/k&6 esa nh xbZ gSA 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
çca/ku ç.kkfy;ksa dk fodkl % lalk/ku laLFkkvksa dks pkfg, fd os
,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
fdlkuksa dks laxfBr djuk % tc dkjksckj vk;kstuk çfØ;k ,Qihvks esa çca/ku ç.kkfy;ksa ds fodkl esa lgk;rk çnku djsaA
lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa ds ,d p;fur lewg dh lgk;rk ls çca/ku ç.kkfy;ksa ds fy, fn'kkfunsZ'k foRrh; lsokvksa] fuos’k vkSj
çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
,l,pVh n~okjk LFkkfir fd, tkus dk vkSfpR; çcy mnkgj.k mRiknu çca/ku lsokvksa ls lacaf/kr lHkh vko';drkvksa dks iwjk
Hkkx nks
LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
ls çekf.kr gks tkrk gS] rks fdlkuksa dks ,QvkbZth esa vkSj varr% djus esa leFkZ gksuk pkfg,A foRr] ekuo lalk/ku] eky vkSj
fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
,Qihvks ds fdlku & lnL; ds :i esa laxfBr djuk pkfg,A oLrqlwph] [kjhn ,oa olwyh vkSj xq.koRrk çca/ku] foi.ku] vkarfjd
,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
fdlkuksa dks laxfBr djus dk dk;Z laçs"k.k ds vusd rjg ds ys[kk ijh{kk] vkarfjd Vdjko ds lek/kku rFkk dk;Z ds vU;
,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
ek/;eksa ls fd;k tkuk pkfg, tSls fd çpkj iqfLrdk] o`Rr egRoiw.kZ {ks=ksa ds çca/ku ls lacaf/kr ç.kkfy;ksa dk fodkl fd;k
çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
fp=] iksLVj] xzke Lrj ij fu;fer cSBdsa] fodkl'khy fdlku tkuk pkfg,A buds fy, ekud çpkyu dk;Zfof/k;ka LFkkfir dh
futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
& lnL;ksa ds –f"Vdks.k dk leqfpr fodkl vkfnA c<+kok nsus tkuh pkfg,A
çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
okys fdlku&lnL; os gksrs gSa tks LoSfPNd vk/kkj ij ,Qihvks
foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
dk xBu djus ds fy, mRlqd gksrs gSa] vkSj ,Qihvks ds xBu dkjksckj çpkyu % dkjksckj çpkyu ,Qihvks dh çki.k] mRiknu]
esa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds ,l,pVh n~okjk çnku fd, x, çf'k{k.k çlaLdj.k] foi.ku rFkk foRrh; lsokvksa ls lacaf/kr xfrfof/k;ksa
dk;ZØeksa ,oa çn'kZu ls çkIr gksus okys egRo ,oa laHkkfor ykHkksa dh 'kq:vkr 5-3 gSA laljk"Vª k/kuh; lalgdkfjrk
LFkkvksa dks fodkl pkfg, fd fuxe os ,Qihvks
ds fofHkUu dh dk;ZØeksa ds
dks le>rs gSa A 'kkldh; ,oa çpkyu la L Fkkvks a nks u ks a dks
varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvks /;ku ls çf'kf{kr djs a a dh lwph
rkfd O;olk; çpkyu esa ,Qihvksds vck/kdks dk;Z 'kkfey dj.k djuslqfuf'pr ds fy, gks jk"Vª
ldsAh; lgHkkfxrk
laxfBr djuk ,oa vkSipkfjd :i nsuk % fdlku ykHk lewg fofHkUu —f"k ,oa lacfodkl ) mRiknks fuxea rFkk¼,ulhMhlh½
inkFkksaZ ls ladscaf/kr lai'w.kkZ dk
vf/kns ewY;foLrkj fd;k
fdlh ,dh—r lewg esa lkFk feydj ,Qihvks dk xBu djrs Jà[kyk dk çca/ku djus tk,xkA dh t:jr gksrh gSA
gSaA fof'k"V :i ls] ,Qihvks dk xBu djus ds fy, 50 ls
5-4 usQsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
70 ,QvkbZth ,d lkFk 'kkfey gks ldrs gSaA ,Qihvks dks ew Y ;ka du ,oa ys[ kk ijh{kk % la lk/ku la LFkkvksa dks pkfg, fd
dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
daiuh vf/kfu;e ds varxZr mRiknd daiuh ds çko/kkuksa ds os fofHkUu fgr/kkjdksa tSls fd fdlku& lnL;] funsZ'kdksa ds
laca/kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
varxZr iath—r fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,Qihvks ds iathdj.k 'kklh ea M y rFkk lsok çnkrkvksa ds dk;Z fu"iknu ds fu;fer
dke djrs gSaA
ij ,d vyx fu;ekoyh bu fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ds lkFk layXu gSA :i ls ew Y ;ka a du esa lgk;rk çnku djsa A mUgsa lq/kkj ds {ks=ks a
vuqca/k&7 Hkh ns[ksaA rFkkfi] ;gLi"V djus dh t:jr gS fd dks le>us ds5-5fy,—f"k la L,oa
Fkkfudlgdkfjrk ifjiDork foHkkxlwHkkjrh;
p dka d [kk| dk ç;ks fuxe x ¼,QlhvkbZ½
fdlkuksa dks laxfBr djus dk mís'; dsoy ,d vkSipkfjd djds bUgs a n'kkZ u s
vkS es
j a ,Qihvks
jkT; dh
ljdkjks lgk;rk
a ds lkFk djuh dke pkfg,A
djs x k rkfd mUgsa
laLFkk dks iath—r djus ds y{; dks çkIr djuk ugha gSA vka rfjd çfØ;k rFkk fofHkUuys[Qlyks kkvksa adhds ijh{kk fy, U;wlsure ikjnf'kZ
leFkZruk ,oa ewY; ¼,e,lih½
,Qihvks n~okjk tks vafre Lo:i xzg.k fd;k tk,xk ¼vFkkZr tokcns g h nks u ks a lq
ij f uf'prdjus
[kjhnnkjh es
dh a enn
dkjZ o feys
kb;ksxa h
ds ¼vuq
va r c
xZa /
r k&9½A
[kjhn ,oa olwyh
lgdkjh lfefr] mRiknd daiuh] cgqjkT;h; lgdkjh lfefr ;s ,Qihvks ds fodkl laLFkkvksdsa sa fy, ds :içeqes[a k ,Qihvks la LFkkfud dks ç.kkfy;ka
'kkfey djus ds fy,
vkfn½ mlds ckjs esa fu.kZ; mi;qDr le; ij ,QvkbZth ds gS a A çks R lkfgr fd;k tk lds A
6. FPO SERVICE MODEL
The FPO will offer a variety of services to its members
NATIONAL POLICY
other business services accessible to rural producers;
facilitating linkages with financial institutions,
as illustrated in the table. It can be noted that it is buildingFOR THEofPROMOTION
linkages OF FARMER
producers, processors, tradersPRODUCER
providing almost end-to-end services to its members, and consumers, facilitating linkages with government
covering almost all aspects of cultivation (from inputs, programmes.
technical services to processing and marketing). The
FPO will facilitate linkages between farmers, processors,
PREAMBLE
traders, and retailers to coordinate supply and demand Collectivization of producers, especially small and
and to access key business development services such marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
as market information, input supplies, and transport
services. Based on the emerging needs, the FPO will
keep on adding new services from time to time. to address the many challenges of agriculture but
The set of services include Financial, Business and technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4
Welfare services. An indicative list of services includes: Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
Govt. of India has identified farmer producer
Financial Services: The FPO will provide loans for crops, organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
purchase of tractors, pump sets, construction of wells,
laying of pipelines.
Input Supply Services: The FPO will provide low cost and and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3.
quality inputs to member farmers. It will supply fertilizers, production and marketing strength.
pesticides, seeds, sprayers, pumpsets, accessories, 3.1
pipelines. This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
and guide to Central and State Government agencies
Procurement and Packaging Services: The FPO will
which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
procure agriculture produce from its member farmers;
will do the storage, value addition and packaging. Organisations, especially producer companies and
3.2
Marketing Services: The FPO will do the direct schemes of the Central and State Governments.
marketing after procurement of agricultural produce.
This will enable members to save in terms of time, 1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
transaction costs, weighment losses, distress sales, agriculture sector by promoting and supporting
price fluctuations, transportation, quality maintenance member-owned Producer Organisations, that
etc. enable farmers to enhance productivity through
4.
Insurance Services: The FPO will provide various and realize higher returns for their produce, through
insurance like Crop Insurance, Electric Motors Insurance collective action supported by the government, 4.1
and Life Insurance. and fruitful collaboration with academia, research
Technical Services: FPO will promote best practices
of farming, maintain marketing information system, 2. MISSION
diversifying and raising levels of knowledge and skills
in agricultural production and post-harvest processing
that adds value to products.
(FPOs)
Networking Services: Making channels of information 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
(e.g. about product specifications, market prices) and by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions

6- ,Q ih vkss lsok çfr:i laLFkkvksa ds lkFk laca/k LFkkfir djus esa lgk;rk çnku djuk]
tSlk fd lkj.kh esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS] ,Qihvks vius lnL;ksa dks dbZ mRikndksa] lalk/kdksa] O;kikfj;ksa ,oa miHkksDrkvksa ds chp laca/k
rjg dh lsok,a çnku djsxkA mYys[kuh; gS fd ;g vius lnL;ksa LFkkfir djuk] ljdkjh dk;ZØeksa ds lkFk laca/k LFkkfir djus esa
dks yxHkx 'kq: ls var rd lsok,a çnku dj jgk gS] ftlds lgk;rk çnku djukA
varxZr [ksrh ds yxHkx lHkh igyw ¼mRiknd lkexzh] rduhdh
lsokvksa ls ysdj çlaLdj.k ,oa foi.ku rd½ 'kkfey gSAa ,Qihvks
vkiwfrZ ,oa ekax esa leUo; LFkkfir djus rFkk cktkj lwpuk]
mRiknd lkexzh dh vkiwfrZ] rFkk ifjogu lsok tSlh çeq[k dkjksckj
fodkl lsokvksa rd igqpa çkIr djus ds fy, fdlkuks]a lalk/kdks]a
O;kikfj;ksa rFkk QqVdj foØsrkvksa ds chp lac/a k LFkkfir djus esa
lqfo/kk çnku djsxa As mHkjrh vko';drkvksa ds vk/kkj ij] ,Qihvks
le;≤ ij ubZ lsokvksa dks 'kkfey djuk tkjh j[ksxa As
lsokvksa ds lewg esa foRrh;] dkjksckj rFkk dY;k.k ls tqMh+ lsok,a

'kkfey gksrh gSAa lsokvksa dh lkadfs rd lwph esa fuEufyf[kr 'kkfey gSa %
foRrh; lsok,a % ,Qihvks Qlyksa ds fy,] VªSDVj] iai lsV [kjhnus

ds fy,] dqavksa dk fuekZ.k djus ds fy,] ikbi ykbu fcNkus ds
fy, _.k çnku djsaxsA
mRiknd lkexzh vkiwfrZ lsok,a % ,Qihvks lnL; & fdlkuksa dks

de ykxr okys rFkk dksfVijd mRiknd lkexzh çnku djsaxsA
;s [kkn] dhVuk'kd] cht] Qqgkjk djus okyk ;a=] iai lsV]
lktks&lkeku] ikbi ykbu vkfn dh vkiwfrZ djsaxsA
[kjhn ,oa olwyh ,oa iSd djus dh dk;Z lsok,a % ,Qihvks vius
lnL;& fdlkuksa ls —f"k mRiknksa dh [kjhnnkjh djsaxs] HkaMkj.k]
ewY; vfHko`f) rFkk lkeku iSd djus dk dk;Z djsaxsA
foi.ku lsok,a % ,Qihvks —f"k mRiknu dh [kjhnnkjh djus

ds ckn mudk lh/ks foi.ku djsaxsA blls lnL;ksa ds le;]
ysu&nsu dh ykxr] ukirksy laca/kh {kfr] etcwju fcØh] dherksa
esa mrkj&p<+ko] ifjogu] xq.koRrk vuqj{k.k vkfn dh –f"V ls
cpr gksxhA
chek lsok,a % ,Qihvks fofHkUu çdkj dh chek lsok,a miyC/k

djk,axs] tSls fd Qly chek] bysfDVªd eksVj chek rFkk thou
chek vkfnA
rduhdh lsok,a % ,Qihvks [ksrh dh csgrj dk;Zç.kkfy;ksa dks

c<+kok nsaxs] foi.ku lwpuk ç.kkyh dk vuqj{k.k djsaxs] —f"k
mRiknu rFkk Qly i'pkr çlaLdj.k ds {ks= esa Kku ,oa dkS'kyksa
esa fofo/krk yk,axs rFkk mudk Lrj Åij mBk,axs ftlls mRiknksa
ds ewY; esa o`f) gksxhA
usVodZ lsok,a % lwpuk ds ek/;eksa ¼mnkgj.k ds fy,] mRikn

fofunsZ'ku] cktkj dher vkfn ds ckjs esa½ rFkk vU; dkjksckj
lsokvksa dks xzkeh.k mRikndksa ds fy, lqxE; cukuk( foRrh;
fdlku,oamRiknd
—f"k lgdkfjrk
laxBuksfoHkkx
a dss fy,| Hkkjr
uhfr ,oaljdkj
viable producer owned FPOs. operations for various crops.
4.2 Detailed guidelines for the promotionFIGURE of FPOs,2: FPO
5.6SERVICE
DAC andMODELits designated agencies will work with
and registration processes are annexed
STRUCTURE OF FPO to this Policy. short and mediumSTRUCTURE
term creditOFforFPO
working capital
Farmers’
vision of building FPOs, Producer
especially if funds under FPOs and link them to Kisan Credit Cards.
Organizations (FPOs) 1. Input Supply
2. Financial
5.7 DAC will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
3. Technical
other stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
4. Insurance
provisions of the law relating to the registration,
management5.andProcurement
regulation of FPOs with a view
same. General Body (GB) 6. Packaging
to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
7. Marketing
6. ROLE OF STATE 8. GOVERNMENT
Networking INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
5.1 Department of Agriculture andBody
Executive Cooperation (DAC),
Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India
(2 Representatives per FIG) will act as formation of FPOs on a large scale through Centrally-
the nodal agency for the development and growth
of FPOs.
PART TWO
Board of Directors
6.1.1 By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
registered under the relevant State legislation
and self-help groups/federations for all
1. Planning
benefits 2. and facilities that are extended
Implementation
General Manager to member-owned
3. Monitoringinstitutions from time
to time.
FPO Staff
5.3 The mandate of National Cooperative Development
Corporation (NCDC) will be expanded to include
FPOs in the list of eligible institutions which receive 6.1.3 By using FPOs as producers of certified
support under Local Resource
the various Persons of the
programmes seed, saplings and other planting material
Corporation. and extending production and marketing
subsidies on par with cooperatives.
5.5 DAC will work with Food Corporation of India (FCI)
and State Governments to encourage them to
include FPOs as procurement agencies under
the Minimum Support Price (MSP) procurement
& PROCESS andFOR
ORGANISATIONS 23
4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
fp=&2% ,Q ih vks lsok çfr:i lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
,Q ih vks dh lajpuk laL,Q
Fkkvksiha dkvksekxZdh
n'kZulajdjuk
puk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
lM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
,Q ih vks dh lajpuk rFkkfi] ;fn
1- mRiknd lkexzjkT; h dhljdkjs
vkiwfrZa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
2- foRrh;
dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
3- rduhdh
Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
4- chek
5- çki.k
fdlku mRiknd laxBu ¼,Q ih vks ,l½ 6-5- iSd,Qihvks
djus dk dh
dk;Zlgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
7- laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
foi.ku
8-5-1 usV—f"k
odZ ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
dk;Zikyd fudk;
ds :i esa dke djsxkA
¼izR;sd ,Q vkbZ th ls 2 izfrfuf/k½ 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
Hkkx nks
funsZa”kd eaMy fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
1- çnku
vk;kstdjs uk xkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
2- futh
dk;kZU,oao;ulkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
egkizca/kd 3- çkSfuxjkuh
n~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
,Q ih vks LVkQ varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
tk,xkA
LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fDr dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
dke djrs gSaA
5-5 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA
NATIONAL POLICY
7. STAGES OF PROJECT DEVELOPMENT, TIMELINE, DELIVERABLE AND MEASURES OF VERIFICATION
FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER

PAYMENT PRODUCER
MEANS OF STRUCTURE
TIMELINE ACTIVITIES DELIVERABLES
VERIFICATION % OF TOTAL
FEES
3 month Stage One: Pre-project
Implementation (Three months)
Detailed Project Report
(Checklist Provided)
PREAMBLE (i) Submitted DPR
(ii) Meeting minutes
10%
Baseline on volume, value & (i) List of Product specific clusters and photographs of
market access, centrality analysis, identified meetings
(i) Identification of Product marginal farmers,
(ii) Database of farmers prepared, intoreport
(iii) Inception producer organisations has 2.3
specific clusters emerged as one of the most effective pathways
computerized and analysed
(ii) Feasibility Analysis -break-even (iii) Various interface table prepared
estimates
(iii) Project Implementation Plan most importantly, improved access to investments,
procurement, inputs, storage technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4
and marketing,
6 month Stage Two: Enhancing Capacity & (i) Farmers Organized into FIGs, (i) List of FIGs/FIG 10%
Implementation of Surplus Farm
Govt. of India
LRP identified and training
has identified farmer producer
registers
Production Plan (Mobilization completed on improved organisation
(ii) registered under the special provisions 2.5
List of LRP/ BF/LF
Phase) agriculture practices of the Companies trained and1956
Act, ready as the most appropriate
(i) Village meetings- identify (ii) FIG formed (min 50%) of target for deployment
potential farmers, identify
institutional
(iii) Trained LRP/BF ready for
form around which to mobilize farmers
(iii) Training curriculum,
opinion leaders deployment in field and build theirtraining
capacity to&collectively leverage their
report
(ii) Identification of potential (iv) Farmers Participated production
in participant list strength. 3.
and marketing
farmers for FIG & FPOs, LRP/ Improved Agriculture/ (iv) List of farmers
3.1
BF/LF Identification vegetable/pulse based farming adopting package of
(iii) Hand holding support for system This policy document
practicesis meant to serve as a reference
Productivity Increase, IPM/ (v) Farmers realized benefits (v)Central
andinguide to No. of farmers
and State Government agencies
INM/ IPP terms of increased yield and supported, areas of
(iv) Identifying Value-proposition less expenditures
which seek to demonstration
promote and support Farmer Producer
for setting FPO (logic of Organisations,
(vi) Sixespecially producer companies and
monthly report
collectivization) link them to benefits under various programmes and
(v) Exposure Visit of Farmers/ 3.2
opinion leaders
12 month Stage Three: Pre-formation Stage (i) Min 5 village level agri business (i) FIG meeting 20%
of FPO/Collective and preparation potential, gap analysis1. VISION: To buildand
registers a prosperous and sustainable
of FPOs business plan through FIG exercises done. agriculture sector bylistpromoting and supporting
shareholders
level exercise (ii) Information documented and member-owned Producer Organisations, that
prepared
(i) Demonstration conducted business plan drafted and enable(ii)farmers
BusinesstoPlan
enhance productivity through
on improved agriculture shared with FIGs members available at FPO
practices (iii) 2 modulated trainings imparted level and known to 4.
(ii) Start up shareholders to lead/promoters farmers on and realizemin higher returns for their produce, through
10% promoters
campaign Business plan collectiveand action supported by the government, 4.1
(iii) Identification of training (iv) Share money from min 250and fruitful collaboration
(iii) Farmers with academia, research
information
needs & imparting training to farmers collected agencies, civil society and the private sector.
list prepared
promoters and farmers of FPO (v) FIGs shown some trends/ (iv) FPC Accounts
(iv) FIGs meeting & orientation indicators for collective action Statement
2. MISSION
started for FPO scoping, vision (vi) Business Case of FPO/Collective (v) Yearly Report
building exercise & exposure prepared (checklist provided)
visit of promoters farmers Farmers detailed information
(v) Generate crop-wise household list prepared
information with surplus, deficit (vii) Share money from 500 farmers
(FPOs)
and gap exists collected 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
(vi) FPO forming process initiated

7- ifj;kstuk fodkl ds pj.k] le; lhek] çkI; ifj.kke rFkk lR;kiu dh dlkSfV;ka
Hkqxrku dh lajpuk
le; lhek xfrfof/k;ka çkI; ifj.kke lR;kiu ds lk/ku ¼dqy 'kqYd ds
çfr'kr ds :i es½a
3 ekg pj.k&1% ifj;kstuk ds iwoZ dk;kZUo;u foLr`r ifj;kstuk fjiksVZ ¼tkap lwph çnku dh (i) çLrqr dh tkus okyh 10 çfr'kr
¼3 ekg½ xbZ gS½ foLr`r ifj;kstuk fjiksVZ
ek=k] ewY; ,oa cktkj igqap] dsaæh; (i) mRikn fof'k"V lewgksa dh vfHkfpfgur lwph (ii) cSBdksa dk dk;Zo`Rr rFkk
fo'ys"k.k ij vk/kkj Hkwr (ii) fdlkuksa dk MkVk csl rS;kj djuk] fp=
(i) mRikn fof'k"V lewgksa dh igpku daI;wVjh—r rFkk fo'ys"k.k djukS (iii) vkjafHkd fjiksVZ
(ii) laHkkO;rk fo'ys"k.k & gkfujfgr (iii) rS;kj dh xbZ fofHkUu varjkQyd rkfydk
O;kikj vuqeku
(iii) ifj;kstuk dk;kZUo;u dh
;kstuk] çki.k] mRiknd lkexzh]
HkaMkj.k ,oa foi.ku
6 ekg pj.k&2% vfrfjDr —f"k mRikn (i) ,QvkbZth esa fdlkuksa dks laxfBr djuk] (i) ,Q vkbZ th dh 10 çfr'kr
;kstuk ds dk;kZUo;u rFkk {kerk esa ,yvkjih dh igpku djuk rFkk —f"k lwph@,Q vkbZ th
o`f) ¼lapsruk pj.k½ dk;Zç.kkfy;ksa esa lq/kkj ij çf'k{k.k dk iwjk jftLVj
(i) xz k e cS B ds a & la H kkfor gksuk (ii) çf'kf{kr ,oa rSukrh ds
fdlkuksa dh igpku djuk] (ii) yf{kr ,QvkbZth dk xBu ¼U;wure 50 fy, rS;kj ,y vkj ih@
lykg nsus okys ekxZn'kZdksas çfr'kr½ ch ,Q@,y ,Q dh
dh igpku djuk (iii) QhYM esa rSukrh ds fy, çf'kf{kr lwph
(ii) ,QvkbZth ,oa ,Qihvks ds ,yvkjih@ch,Q dk rS;kj gksuk (iii) çf'k{k.k ikB~;p;kZ]
fy, laHkkfor fdlkuksa dh (iv) la'kksf/kr —f"k@lCth@nygu vk/kkfjr çf'k{k.k fjiksVZ ,oa
igpku djuk] ,yvkjih@ —f"k ç.kkyh esa fdlkuksa dh Hkkxhnkjh çfrHkkfx;ksa dh lwph
ch,Q@,y,Q dh igpku (v) mit esa o`f) rFkk de O;; dh –f"V ls (iv) çFkkvksa ds iSdst dks
djuk fdlkuksa }kjk ykHk çkIr fd;k tkuk viukus okys fdlkuksa dh
(iii) mRikndrk esa o`f)] vkbZ,eih@ lwph
vkbZ,u,e@vkbZihih ds fy, (v) ,sls fdlkuksa dh lwph
O;kogkfjd lgk;rk ftudh lgk;rk dh xbZ]
(iv) ,Qihvks ds xBu ds fy, çn'kZu ds {ks=
ewY; çLrko dh igpku djuk (vi) Nekgh fjiksVZ
¼lewghdj.k dk rdZ½
(v) fdlkuksa@lykg nsus okys
ekxZn'kZdksas ds KkuktZu nkSjs
12 ekg pj.k&3% ,Q ih vks@lewg dk (i) U;wure ikap xzke Lrjh; —f"k O;olk; dh (i) ,Q vkbZ th cSBd 10 çfr'kr
xBu iwoZ pj.k rFkk ,Q vkbZ th laHkkouk] varj fo'ys"k.k dok;n iwjh dh jftLVj rFkk rS;kj dh
Lrjh; dok;n ds ek/;e ls ,Q xbZ xbZ 'ks;j /kkjd lwph
ih vks dh dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj (ii) lwpuk dks çysf[kr fd;k x;k rFkk (ii) ,Q ih vks Lrj ij
djuk dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj dh xbZ ,oa ,Q miyC/k rFkk U;wure 10
(i) la'kksf/kr —f"k çFkkvksa ij vkbZ th ds lnL;ksa ds lkFk lk>k fd;k çfr'kr çorZdksa dks Kkr
lapkfyr çn'kZu x;k dkjksckj ;kstuk
(ii) 'ks;j/kkjd vfHk;ku dh 'kq:vkr (iii) dkjksckj ;kstuk ij nks vxz.kh@çorZd (iii) rS;kj dh xbZ fdlku
(iii) çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa fdlkuksa dks vuqdwfyr çf'k{k.k çnku lwpuk lwph
dh igpku rFkk ,Q ih vks ds fd;k x;k (iv) ,Q ih vks ys[kk fooj.k
çorZdksa ,oa fdlkuksa dks çf'k{k.k (iv) U;wure 250 fdlkuksa ls 'ks;j iwath ,d= (v) okf"kZd fjiksVZ
çnku djuk dh xbZ
(iv) ,Q vkbZ th cSBd ,oa çcks/ku ftls (v) ,Q vkbZ th us lkewfgd dkjZokbZ ds fy,
,Q ih vks ds dk;Z {ks= ds fuekZ.k] dqN :>kuksa@ladsrdksa dk çn'kZu fd;k
utfj, ds fuekZ.k lac/a kh dok;n (vi) ,Q ih vks@lewg ds dkjksckj ekeys rS;kj
rFkk çorZd fdlkuksa ds KkuktZu fd, x, ¼tkap lwph çnku dh xbZ gS½]
nkSjksa ds fy, 'kq: fd;k x;k fdlkuksa dh foLr`r lwpuk lwph rS;kj dh
(v) vfrjsd] deh ,oa fon~;eku xbZ
varj ds lkFk Qlyokj ifjokj (vii) 500 fdlkuksa ls 'ks;j iwath ,d= dh xbZ
lwpuk l`ftr djuk
(vi) ,Q ih vks ds xBu dh çfØ;k
dh 'kq:vkr
fdlku,oamRiknd
—f"k lgdkfjrk
laxBuksfoHkkx
a dss fy,| Hkkjr
uhfr ,oaljdkj
viable producer owned FPOs. operations for various crops. PAYMENT
TIME-LINE ACTIVITIES DELIVERABLES MEANS OF STRUCTURE
VERIFICATION % OF TOTAL
FEES
18 Month Stage Four: FPO formation Stage (i) Demonstration of Farmer
and registration processes are
(i) Identification of FPO
annexed to this Policy. short and medium(i)
Patronage to Project Concept
term Demo Farmers List 10%
credit for working capital
(ii) Minutes of FG and
These are meant to guide
promoters the Central and State
by FIGs (70% repeatand infrastructure investment
farmers associativeneeds of FPOs. DAC
tier meetings,
Government(ii) Initiationengaged
agencies of statutoryinprocess (ii) Collectivization
FPO promotion willarrangements
also work with allphotographs
relevant stakeholders to
required for formation of FPO (FPO) Instituted (iii) List of shareholders
and provide a detailed roadmap
like attainment of PAN, to
DINachieve
of (iii) the
Share moneyachieve
from 750100%farmersfinancial inclusion for members of
vision of building FPOs,etc
Directors especially if funds under collected FPOs and link them to Kisan Credit Cards.
(iii) Stabilize New Surplus
Central schemes are being used to promote FPOs. (iv) Institutional Arrangements for
Production System & Farmers Market5.7 DAC
Access will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
Placed
However, State inGovernments
2nd Crop Cycleare free to develop (v) Training conducted for farmers to further clarify and strengthen
other stakeholders
their own independent
(iv) Finalizingguidelines to support FPOs
list of FIG members
willing to join FPOs and start provisions of the law relating to the registration,
share money collection management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same. (v) Membership drive continues
and framing of Bye-laws/MoA
/AoA, incorporation of FPO
(vi) Training of FIG members 6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
promoters on FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
24 Month Stage Five: (FPO establishment FPOs established, office/outlets (i) Minutes of meeting FIG 10%
5.1 Department of Agriculture and Cooperation(i)
stage)
(DAC),
opened6.1 Besides encouraging State subscription to FPO/ to take up
Governments
Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India
(i) Physical establishment will (ii)
of FPO act FPO/Collective/
as Aggregation collective
(ii) CB inputs need assessment Structure
formation of FPOs on
Placed
a Registration
(ii)
large scale&through Centrally-
(iii) Strengthening FPO – sponsored
(iii) FIG members deposited theirand State-financed
Compliances programmes and
of FPOs. providing services for system share moneyschemes, DAC suggests (iii) Business Plan with key steps to
the following
development (Operating (iv) Certificate of FPO incorporation business processes
PART TWO
5.2 Small Farmers’System,
Agribusiness
MIS, HR),Consortium (SFAC), awarded be taken by State (iv) Governments to support and
List of buyers consulted,
a Society under DAC,Planning
(iv) Business will beExercise
the designated
(v) 1 General Body
st
strengthen
Meeting FPOs: meeting report &
agency of DACMarket to actLinkages
as aforsingle-window
Produce conducted
for within 90 days of outcome (MoU on price,
(v) Interface with buyers/ 6.1.1 By declaring FPOs
incorporation at par
volume andwith cooperatives
grading
technical support, training needs, research
marketers (vi)and
FPOs have formally applied (v) Minutes of BoDs register
knowledge management andequity
(vi) Increasing FPO’s to create linkages to SFAC for equity matching (vi) Due diligence report
though matching grants from grants and self-help groups/federations
submitted to SFAC and for all
to investments, SFAC
technology and markets. SFAC will
benefits and facilities
(vii) FPOs successfully passed in that released
matching grant are extended
provide all- round support to State Governments, due diligence report prepared to FPOs
to member-owned
by Charter Accountants and
institutions from time
submitted to SFAC to time.
30 Month Stage Six:
sustainable linkages between FPOs and Business
(i) Implementation of business
inputs Plan 6.1.2 By making (i)provisions
(i) Min 25% business activities
Business Plan – including 20%
financing plan
for easy issue of
suppliers, technology
plan of FPOproviders, extension and
executed as per plan licenses to FPOs to trade in inputs
(ii) Regulatory approvals for (seed,
research agencies and marketing and processing (ii) Statutory Clearance obtained FPO activities
fertilizer, farm machinery, pesticides etc.)
required to carry out business (iii) Certificates from concern
players, both in the public and private sectors.activities for use of their members
apartments as well as routing
obtained
the supply of
(iii) Operating System grounded (iv) agricultural
Farmers Field Bookinputs through
(FFB)
5.3 The mandate of National Cooperative Development (iv) Minimum 10% targetFPOs farmers
at par(v)with Increased business
cooperatives.
Corporation (NCDC) will be expanded to include accessed improved agriculture turnover of FPOs and
FPOs in the list of eligible institutions which receive services including better
6.1.3 By using FPOsreflected in MIS andof certified
as producers
access to market Balance sheet
support under the various programmes of the seed, saplings (vi) and otherends
Pre project planting
report)material
Corporation.
36 Months Stage Seven : Phase-out Systems (i) Agreement executedand extending
between production
(i) Copy of Agreementand marketing
20%
for post-project sustainability RI & LPO for longtermsubsidies
support on(ii)par with of
Minutes cooperatives.
BoD Register
5.4 NAFED will take steps to include FPOs in the list passed resolution for long (iii) FPCs balance sheet
(ii) BoDs
of eligible institutions which act on its behalfterm 6.1.4 By suitable (iv)
to agreement amendments in theand
BoD, AGM registers APMC Act
(iii) FPCs & shareholders have Satisfactory Reports of
undertake price support purchase operations.started getting income to from
allow the
directAuditors
sale of farm produce by
FPOs at the farmgate,
business activities and showing (v) Project ends through
reportFPO owned
5.5 DAC will work with Food Corporation of India (FCI) growth track procurement and marketing centres and for
and State Governments to encourage them to are regular in BoD
(iv) FPOs
include FPOs as procurement agencies under meetings, AGM, internal Audits contract farming arrangements
facilitating
and Statutory Auditsbetween
with FPOs and bulk buyers.
the Minimum Support Price (MSP) procurement minimum deviation
& PROCESS andFOR
ORGANISATIONS 25
4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr` Hkqxrrkufn'kkfuns
dh lajpuk'Z k] bl uhfr ds
le; lhek xfrfof/k;ka çkI; ifj.kke lR;kiu ds lk/ku
lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvks ¼dqy 'kqYda ds
ds p;u dh fof/k]
ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSesAa ½a budk mís';]
çfr'kr ds :i
18 ekg pj.k&4% ,Q ih vks xBu pj.k (i) ifj;kstuk ladYiuk ds çfr fdlkuksa ds ,Qihvks
(i) Mseds lao/kZulwespa h'kkfey
ks fdlku fdlkudsæa 10ljdkj
çfr'kr ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
(i) ,Q vkbZ th n~okjk ,Q ih vks laj{k.k dk çn'kZu la L lew
Fkkvks
a g ,oa
dk lanc'kZ)uLrjh;
ekxZ djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
ds çorZdksa dh igpku (ii) lewgdj.k dh O;oLFkk,a ¼,Q ih vks½ 'kq: cSBdksa ds dk;Zo`Rr]
(ii) ,Q ih vks ds xBu ds fy, dh xbZ esa ,Qihvks
QksVksxdszkQfuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
visf{kr lkafof/kd çfØ;k dh (iii) 750 fdlkuksa ls 'ks;j iwath ,d= dh xbZA lM+(ii)d 'ksekufp=
;j /kkjdksçnku
a dh lwdjukph gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
'kq:vkr] tSls fd funs'kdksa dk iSu] (iv) cktkj igqap ds fy, laLFkkfud O;oLFkk,a
LFkkfir dh xbZa fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
Mh vkbZ Mh vkfn çkIr djuk
(iii) nwljs Qly pØ esa ubZ (v) fdlkuksa ds fy, çf'k{k.k dk vk;kstu rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
vfrfjDr mRiknu ç.kkyh ,oa fd;k x;k dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
fdlkuksa dk fLFkjhdj.k Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
(iv) ,Q ih vks esa 'kkfey gksus ds bPNqd
,Q vkbZ th ds lnL;ksa dh lwph
dks vafre :i nsuk rFkk 'ks;j iwt
a h
,d= djus dk dk;Z 'kq: djuk 5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
(v) lnL;rk vfHk;ku tkjh j[kuk rFkk laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
mi dkuwuks@a ,e vks ,@, vks ,
dk çf'k{k.k] ,Q ih vks dk fuxeu 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
(vi) ,Q ih vks ij ,Q vkbZ th ds
lnL; çorZdksa dk çf'k{k.k ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
24 ekg pj.k&5% ,Q ih vks LFkkiuk pj.k (i) ,Q ih vks LFkkfir fd, x,] dk;kZy;@ ds(i):icSBesda dke djsox`Ùk]kA,Q 10 çfr'kr
dk dk;Z
nqdku [kksys x, ih vks@—f"k lewg esa ,Q vkbZ
,Q ih vks@lewg@lewgu lajpuk 5-2 y?kq —"kd th dk va'knkuO;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
(i) ,Q ih vks dh HkkSfrd LFkkiuk
(ii) lh ch mRiknd lekxzh laca/kh (ii)
vko';drk dk ewY;kadu laLFkkfir dh xbZ ,oa(ii) lgdfjrk
iathdj.k ,oa foHkkx vuqikyu ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
(iii) ,Q ih vks dk lq–<+hdj.k & (iii) ,Q vkbZ th lnL;ksa us viuh 'ks;j iwath lgk;rk] (iii) dkjksçf'k{k.k ckj dh çeqla [kcçfØ;kvks a
a/kh vko';drkvks a] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
ç.kkyh fodkl ds fy, lsok,a tek dh ds lkFk dkjksckj ;kstuk
çnku djuk ¼lapkyu iz.kkyh] (iv) ,Q ih vks ds fuxeu dk çek.k i= çnku çca (iv)/ku ,sds ls Øsfy, rkvksa vkS
dhjlwfuos ph ftuls'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
Hkkx nks
,e vkbZ ,l] ,p vkj½ fd;k x;k LFkkfirlaidjus dZ fd;kdsx;k] fy,cSB,dy d dh L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
(v) fuxeu ds 90 fnu ds vanj 'kklh fudk; dh fjiksVZ ,oa ,oa ifj.kke ¼dher]foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
(iv) dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj djus dh
igyh cSBd vk;ksftr dh xbZ fy, —f"k ek=k ,oa Jslgdkfjrk.khdj.k ij ,e
dok;n] mRikn ds fy, cktkj
lgyXurk (vi) ,Q ih vks us vkSipkfjd :i ls lekt ,l,Q,lh vks ;w½ jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
(v) Øsrkvksa@foØsrkvksa ds lkFk fgLls ds vuqnku ds fy, ,l ,Q , lh ,oa(v) fodkl ch vks esMha 'kkfeyds dk;Zo`RvU; r dk laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
laca/k LFkkfir djuk ds ikl vkosnu fd;k gS jftLVj
(vi) ,l,Q,lh ls feyku vuqnku (viii) ,Q ih vks us lunh ys[kkdkjksa n~okjk rS;kj dh çnku(vi) ,l,Q,lhdjsxkA fo'ks dks çLrq"k :i r ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
ds ek/;e ls ,Qihvks ds leku xbZ leqfpr v/;olk; fjiksVZ dks lQyrkiwod Z futh leq ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksVa Z {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
f pr v/;olk; fjiks
ikl fd;k gS rFkk bls ,l ,Q , lh ds ikl çkSn~;ksfrFkk xdh,Qihvks çnkrkvks dks tkjh
feykua] vuq foLrkj
nku ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
fgLls esa o`f) djuk
tek fd;k x;k gS fd;k x;k
30 ekg pj.k&6 % dkjksckj ;kstuk foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
(i) dkjksckj ;kstuk & ftlesa 10 çfr'kr
(i) ,Q ih vks dh dkjksckj ;kstuk (i) ;kstuk ds vuqlkj dkjksckj dh U;wure 25 rFkk la c a/kksa dk
foÙkhk; ;kstukl`t'kkfey u djsgS xkA
dk dk;kZUo;u çfr'kr xfrfof/k;ka laiUu dh xbZ 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkla ds fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
(ii) ,Q ih vks dh xfrfof/k;ks
(ii) dkjksckj lapkfyr djus ds fy, visf{kr fy, fofu;ked vuqeksnu
lkafof/kd Loh—fr çkIr dh xbZ rxZrlaclgk;rk
va(iii) fa /kr vikVZçkIr eVas ls djus çkIr ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
(iii) çpkyu ra= yxk, x, fd, x, çek.k i=
esa(iv),Qihvksfdlku dks {ks=h;'kkfey
iqLrd ¼,Q djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
(iv) U;wure 10 çfr'kr cM+s fdlkuksa us —f"k
lsokvksa esa lq/kkj dk ewY;kadu fd;k ftlesa fodkl,Qfuxe ch½ ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
(v) ,Q ih vks ds dkjksckj esa
cktkj rd csgrj igqap 'kkfey gS tk,xkA dqy fcØh esa o`f) rFkk ,e
5-4 usQsM vkbZ ¼,u,,QbMh½
mldk
,l ,oa rqyu,sli=h ik=
n'kkZ;k tkuk
esa laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
dks(vi)'kkfey ifj;kstuk djus ds';fy,
iwoZ m)s fjiksVdne
Z mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
36 ekg pj.k&7 ifj;kstuk i'pkr laiks"k. (i) nh?kZ vof/k dh lgk;rk ds fy, lalk/ku la c a / kh [kjhnnkjh
(i) djkj dh çfrfyfi dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
10 çfr'kr
kh;rk ds fy, ç.kkfy;ka 'kq: djuk laLFkk ,oa ,y ih vks ds chp djkj fd;k x;k dke (ii) djrs ch vks gSMhaA ds dk;Zo`Ùk dk
(ii) nh?kZ vof/k ds djkj ds fy, funs'kd jftLVj
eaMy us ladYi ikfjr fd;k 5-5 —f"k (iii) ,oa ,Qlgdkfjrkih vks dk rqfoHkkx yu i=Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
(iii) ,Q ih vks ,oa 'ks;j /kkjdksa us dkjksckj dh (iv) ch vks Mh] , th ,e
xfrfof/k;ksa ls vk; çkIr djuk rFkk fodkl vkS j jkT;
jftLVj rFkk ys[kk ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
ljdkjks a
dh :>ku dks çnf'kZr djuk 'kq: dj fn;k gS fofHkUuijh{kdks Qlyks a dha dslarksfy, ”kçn U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
(iv) ,Q ih vks fu;fer :i ls funs'kd eaMy ij [kjhnnkjh fjiksVsaZ dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
dh cSBdksa] , th ,e] vkarfjd ys[kk (v) ifj;kstuk m)s'; fjiksVZ
ijh{kkvksa rFkk lkafof/kd ys[kk ijh{kkvksa esa laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
U;wkure fopyu ds lkFk Hkkx ys jgs gSa çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA
8. PROJECT OUTCOMES NATIONAL POLICY
ECONOMIC IMPACT FOR THE
SOCIAL IMPACT PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
¸ Per hectare production improved by 10% by ¸ Social capital built in the form of FPOs
end of project period
¸ Increase in net return to farmer (Inflation PREAMBLE
¸ Improved gender relations and decision making
of women farmers enhanced in FIG & FPOs – by
+10%) giving them board member positions
¸ Increase in sub-sector development for Collectivization
¸ Institutional viability of producers, especially small and
agriculture marginal
¸ Increased farmers,
bargaining intofor
power producer organisations has
input purchase 2.3
¸ Gap in availability of inputs reduced by 20-25% and output
emergedmarketing
as one of the most effective pathways
¸ Increased food and nutritional security ¸ Reduced social conflicts
to address the many andchallenges
risks and enhanced
of agriculture but
¸ Market linkage for the backward and forward welfare at the household level
integration will be ensured with competitive ¸ Improved food and nutritional values
market ¸ Leadership role of producers in technology
¸ Additional employment generated due to absorption
increased intensity of farming Govt.
¸ Positive of and
health India has identified
nutrition impact on farmer producer
¸ Benchmark minimum wage rate for labour organisation registered under the special provisions
consumers 2.5
¸ Reduction in migration ¸ Environment- carbon credit
3.
9. BUDGET AND PAYMENT STRUCTURE
3.1
A detailed cost sheet of FPO promotion is attached in the table below:
which seek
COST SHEET FOR ORGANISING SMALL FARMERS, AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY to promote&and support Farmer Producer
PROMOTION
DEVELOPMENT OF FPO (COST FOR THREE YEARS): Organisations, especially producer companies and
Assumptions link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
1 No. of farmers 1000 schemes of the Central and State Governments.
2 No. of Villages 15-20
3 No. of FIGs 50 1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
4 No. of members per FIG 20
5 Years of intervention 3
8 No. of FPO 1 efficient, cost-effective and sustainable resource use
9 Objectives (a) Organise small farmers into FIGand
& FPO; (b) higher
Agri Technology 4.
realize returns forpromotion;
their produce, through
(c) Market linkage. collective action supported by the government, 4.1
10 Key Strategies (a) maximum use of Local Resource Persons,
and fruitful(b) preferably selecting
collaboration areas research
with academia,
where land and water related investment (viz. watershed) is done in
agencies, civil society and the privatethe past sector.
/ ongoing for value addition (c) leveraging from other resources.
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

8- ifj;kstuk ds ifj.kke
vkfFkZd çHkko lkekftd çHkko

◊ ifj;kstuk vof/k ds var rd çfr gsDVs;j mRiknu esa 10 ◊ fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds :i esa lkekftd iwt a h dk fuekZ.k
çfr'kr dk lq/kkj ◊ ,QvkbZth ,oa fdlku mRiknd laxBu esa ySafxd laca/kksa
◊ fdlku dh 'kq) vk; esa o`f) ¼eqæk LQhfr 10 esa lq/kkj rFkk efgyk fdlkuksa }kjk fu.kZ; ysus esa o`f) &
çfr'kr½ mUgsa cksMZ ds lnL; ds :i esa 'kkfey djuklaLFkkfud :i
◊ —f"k ds fy, mi {ks=d fodkl esa o`f) ls laHko
◊ mRiknd lkexzh dh miyC/kdrk esa varj esa 20 ls 25 ◊ mRik~nd lkexzh dh [kjhn rFkk mRiknu ds foi.ku ds fy,
çfr'kr dh deh lkSncs kth dh 'kfä esa o`f)
◊ [kk| ,oa iks"k.k lqj{kk esa o`f) ◊ lkekftd Vdjkoksa ,oa tksf[keksa esa dVkSrh rFkk ikfjokfjd
◊ i'p;orhZ ,oa vxzorhZ ,dhdj.k ds fy, çfrLi/khZ cktkj Lrj ij dY;k.k esa o`f)
ds lkFk cktkj lgyXurk dk lqfu'p; ◊ [kk| ,oa iks"k.k eku esa lq/kkj
◊ [ksrh dh xgurk esa o`f) ds dkj.k jkstxkj ds vfrfjä ◊ çkS|ksfxdh dks lekfgr djus esa mRikndksa dh usr`Rodkjh
voljksa dk l`tu Hkwfedk
◊ lrgh Lrj ij U;wure etnwjh nj dk fu/kkZj.k ◊ miHkksäkvksa ds LokLF; ,oa iks"k.k ij ldkjkRed çHkko
◊ iyk;u esa deh ◊ i;kZoj.k & dkcZu ØsfMV
9- ctV ,oa Hkqxrku dh lajpuk

,Qihvks lao/kZu dk foLr`r ykxr i=d uhps lkj.kh esa layXu gS %
NksVs fdlkuksa dks laxfBr djus] —f"k çkS|ksfxdh dks c<+kok nsus rFkk ,Q ih vks ds fodkl ls lacaf/kr ykxr i=d
¼3 o"kZ ds fy, ykxr½
/kkj.kk,a
1- fdlkuksa dh la[;k 1000
2- xkaoksa dh la[;k 15&20
3- ,Q vkbZ th dh la[;k 50
4- çR;sd ,Q vkbZ th esa lnL;ksa dh la[;k 20
5- gLr{ksi ds o"kZ 3
6- ,Q ih vks dh la[;k 1
7- m)s'; ¼d½ NksVs fdlkuksa dks ,Q vkbZ th ,oa ,Q ih vks esa laxfBr djuk
¼[k½ —f"k çkS|ksfxdh dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj
¼x½ cktkj lgyXurk
8- çeq[k j.kuhfr;ka ¼d½ LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fä;ksa dk vf/kdre mi;ksx
¼[k½ vf/kekur%,sls {ks=ksa dk p;u djuk tgka vrhr esa Hkwfe ,oa ty lac) fuos'k ¼mnkgj.k
ds fy, okVj'ksM½ fd;k x;k gS@ewY; vfHko`f) ds fy, tkjh gS
¼x½ vU; lalk/kuksa ls ykHk çkIr djuk
fdlku,oamRiknd
—f"k lgdkfjrk
laxBuksfoHkkx
a dss fy,| Hkkjr
uhfr ,oaljdkj
viable producer owned FPOs.
ykxr ¼yk[k :i, esa½ operations for various crops.
recruited by the FPO as their staff at the end of yr-1. The RI will then
transfer the budget of FPO staff cost, travel, office expenses to the
i'pkr lalk/ku laLFkk o"kZ nks ls ,Q ih vks ds LV‚Q dh ykxr] ;k=k

and 5 LRPs will start the process and all of them will be eventually
esa vius LV‚Q ds :i esa ,Q ih vks }kjk fu;qä fd;k tk,xkA blds
They will use this kit during training of their member farmers at on
blds rgr jSyh] lewg Lrjh; ijke'kZ dk;Z'kkyk,a] lsfeukj] laxks”Bh
Includes events like Rallies, Cluster level Consultation workshops,
çfØ;k 'kq: djsxk@djsxh rFkk muesa ls lHkh dks varr o"kZ 1 ds var
,y ,Q ¼çR‍;sd ,Q vkbZ th ls 2½ dks VhvksVh rFkk ,d KkuktZu
laLFkk~ fodkl ds eqíksa ij çf'k{k.k] Vdjko çca/ku ij çf'k{k.k] cgh

Training on OD issues, Training on conflicts management, basic
rFkk lEesyu] JO;~ & n`';~ 'kks vkfn tSlh ?kVuk,a 'kkfey gksrh gSa
eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh igyk O;fDr gksrk gS ftls lalk/ku laLFkk

The CEO is the person first recruited & deployed by the RI. S/he
os [ksr ij ;k [ksr ls nwj f'k{k.k d{k l= ds nkSjku vius lnL;
}kjk fu;qä~ ,oa rSukr fd;k tkrk gSA og 5 ,y vkj ih ds lkFk

j[kj[kko ,oa ys[kkvksa ij cqfu;knh çf'k{k.k] dkjksckj çca/ku ij
training on book keeping & Accounts, Training on business
LF (2 from each FIG) will be given ToT & one expo. visit.
dk;kZy; O;; ds ctV dks ,Q ih vks esa varfjr djsxkA

Seminars / Sangosthi and Sammelan, AV shows, etc
fdlkuksa ds çf'k{k.k ds fy, bl fdV dk ç;ksx djsaxs

REMARKS
UNIT COST RS. IN LAKH/;wfuV
vH;qfä;ka
farm or off farm classroom sessions.

FPO from 2nd year onwards.

nkSjk çnku fd;k tk,xk

management.
management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same.
çf'k{k.k
6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
TOTAL
COST
ykxr
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
dqy
SUPPORTING FPOS
2.00
1.20
1.00
0.90
1.08
5.1 Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC),
o"kZ 1 o"kZ 2 o"kZ 3 o"kZ 1 o"kZ 2 o"kZ 3
Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India will act as

Y3
0.30
0.36
0.3
FINANCIAL

TARGET

foÙkh;
of FPOs.
y{;
Y2
0.50
0.30
0.36
0.45
1.00
Y1
1.00
0.45
0.05
0.30
0.36
Y1 Y2 Y3

50
PHYSICAL

2
1
TARGET

HkkSfrd
y{;

100

50
1
benefits and facilities that are extended
100
50
to member-owned institutions from time

1
FPOs and other entities engaged in promotion and 1

COST
ykxr
;wfuV dk C;kSjk ;wfuV
UNIT
to time.
0.005

0.15
0.15
0.36
1
UNIT DETAIL
çf'k{k.k dh la[;k~
KkuktZu nkSjksa dh
KkuktZu nkSjksa dh
No. of Exposure
,Q vkbZ th dh
fdVksa dh la[;k
No. of training
Vh vks Vh@
Organising ToTs & Exposure visits for Lead Farmer No. of ToT/
No. of Kits
No. of FIG
Exposure
,deq'r
la[;k
la[;k
la[;k

,Q vkbZ th ,oa ,Q ih vks xfBr djus ds fy,
Development & Distribution of Training Tool Kits

Organisational Development & Strengthening
,y ,Q ds fy, çf'k{k.k nkSjk fdV dk fodkl

vxz.kh fdlku ds fy, Vh vks Vh ,oa KkuktZu

Mobilization of farmers to form FIG and FPO
,Q ih vks ds 'kklh eaMy dk KkuktZu nkSjk

,Q ih vks ds 'kklh fudk; dks çca/ku ,oa
Exposure visit of Governing Body of FPO
Management & Technical Training to
support under the various programmes of the seed, saplings and other planting material
laxBu dk fodkl ,oa lq–<+hdj.k

fdlkuksa dks laxfBr djuk
nkSjksa dk vk;kstu djuk

Governing Body of FPO
rduhdh çf'k{k.k
,oa forj.k

S.No. ITEMS

for LF

Øe la- en

1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6

1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
1-6
1-
1
POLICY & PROCESS GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

UNIT COST RS. IN LAKH/;wfuV ykxr ¼yk[k :i, esa½
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL UNIT COST RS. IN LAKH
UNIT TARGET TOTAL
S.No. ITEMS
S.No. ITEMS UNIT DETAIL UNIT DETAIL TARGET
UNIT PHYSICAL FINANCIAL TOTAL REMARKS REMARKS
COST COST
Y1
Y1 Y2 Y3 TARGET Y2 Y3 TARGET COST
COST
Øe la- en ;wfuV dk C;kSjk ;wfuV HkkSfrd foÙkh; dqy vH;qfä;ka
ykxr y{; Y1 Y2 y{; Y3 Y1 Y2
ykxr Y3
1 Organisational Development & Strengthening No. of FIG 50 50 50
1.7 1.2
Remuneration ofMobilization of farmers
Local Resource to form FIG
Persons (LRP) cost/ FPO
andperson LS 1 1 1 1.00 1.00 2.00
1 LRP Includes events like Rallies, Cluster level Consultation
per 200 farmers.
month workshops, Seminars / Sangosthi and Sammelan, AV shows,
0.03 5 5 5 1.80 1.80 1.80 5.40 etc
1-7 LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fä;ksa ¼,y vkj ih ½ dk çfrekg çfr O;fä çR;sd 200 fdlkuksa ds fy, 1 ,y vkj ih
1.3
ikfjJfed for Lead
Organising ToTs & Exposure visitsykxr No. of ToT/ 0.15 3 3 2 0.45 0.45 0.3 1.20 LF (2 from each FIG) will be given ToT & one expo. visit.
1.8 Travel & subsistence of LRPs
Farmer cost/ person Exposure
1.4 Development & Distribution of Training
month Tool No.
0.01
of Kits 5 50.005 5 100 0.60100 0.60 0.5
6.60 0.50
1.80 1.00 They will use this kit during training of their member farmers at
1-8 ,y vkj ih ds fy,
Kits;k=k
for LF,oa xqtkjk HkÙkk çfrekg çfr O;fä on farm or off farm classroom sessions.
1.5
ykxr
Management & Technical Training to No. of training 0.15 2 2 2 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.90 Training on OD issues, Training on conflicts
Sub Total of 1
5.01 5.01 3.36 13.38
Governing
mi;qZä 1 dk mitks M+ Body of FPO management, basic training on book keeping & Accounts,
Dept. of Agriculture and Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA

2 Agriculture Technology Introduction & Validation Training on business management.
2 —f"k çkS1.6
|ksfxdh dhExposure
'kq:vkr visit oS/krk
,oa of Governing Body of FPO No. of Exposure 0.36 1 1 1 0.36 0.36 0.36 1.08 The CEO is the person first recruited & deployed by the RI. S/
2.1 Organising Agriculture Demonstrations Cost/Demo Demo on Good Agri. Practices. 4 demo/ vill/year.
0.01 60 60 60 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.8 he and 5 LRPs will start the process and all of them will be
2-1 —f"k çn'kZu vk;ksftr djuk çfr Mseks ykxr vPNh —f"k çFkkvksa ij Mseks] çfro"kZ
eventually recruited
çfr xkabyo the
4 MsFPO
eks as their staff at the end of yr-1.
Sub Total of 2
0.6 0.6 0.6 1.8 The RI will then transfer the budget of FPO staff cost, travel,
mi;qZä 2 dk mi tksM+ office expenses to the FPO from 2nd year onwards.
3 FPO Management Cost
1.7 Remuneration of Local Resource Persons (LRP) cost/ person 0.03 5 5 5 1.80 1.80 1.80 5.40 1 LRP per 200 farmers.
3 ,Q ih vks dh çca/ku ykxr month
3.1 CEO of the FPO Cost/month The CEO is the person first recruited & deployed by the RI. S/he
1.8 Travel & subsistence of LRPs cost/ person 0.01 5 5 5 0.60 0.60 0.60 and1.80
5 LRPs will start the process and all of them will be eventually
month recruited by the FPO as their staff at the end of yr-1. The RI will then
Sub Total of 1 5.01 5.01 3.36 transfer
13.38the budget of FPO staff cost, travel, office expenses to the
tk,xkA
2 Agriculture Technology Introduction & FPO from 2nd year onwards.
0.300 1 1 1 3.6 3.6 3.6 10.8
3-1 bZ vks
,Q ih vks dk lhValidation çfrekg ykxr lhbZvks igyk O;fä gksrk gS ftls lalk/ku laLFkk }kjk fu;qä ,oa
dke djrs gSaA

2.1 Organising Agriculture Demonstrations Cost/Demo 0.01 60 60 60 0.6 0.6 0.6
rSukr1.8fd;k tkrk gSDemo
A og 5on,yGood
vkj Agri. lkFk çfØ;k
ih dsPractices. 'kq:
4 demo/ vill/year.
djsxk@djsxh rFkk muesa ls lHkh dks varr o"kZ 1 ds var esa vius
Sub Total of 2 0.6 0.6 0.6 LV‚aQ1.8ds :i esa ,Q ih vks }kjk fu;qä~ fd;k tk,xkA blds i'pkr
3
FPO Management Cost lalk/ku laLFkk, o"kZ nks ls ,Q ih vks ds LV‚Q dh ykxr] ;k=k

3.1 CEO of the FPO Cost/month 0.300 1 1 1 3.6 3.6 3.6 y; O;; ds ctV
dk;kZ10.8 The dks
CEO,Qis the
ih vksperson
esa varfirst
fjr recruited
djsxkA & deployed by the RI. S/

3.2 Travel & subsistence of CEOs Cost/month
laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks

he and 5 LRPs will start the process and all of them will be
0.030 1 1 1 0.36 0.36 0.36 1.08
3-2 lh bZ vks ds fy, ;k=k ,oa xqtkjk HkÙkk] çfrekg ykxr eventually recruited by the FPO as their staff at the end of yr-1.
3.3 FPO office rent, electricity, communication, etc. Cost/month For year-1 it is for 4 months considering
The RI will that existence
then transfer the budget FPO
of of FPO
as staff cost, travel,
entity will not happen before
office completion
expenses to theofFPO months.
eightfrom 2nd year onwards.
0.068 1 1 1 0.27 0.82 0.82 1.90
3-3 ,Q ih vks ds dk;kZy; dk fdjk;k] fctyh] lapkj çfrekg ykxr o"kZ 1 ds fy,] ;g bl ckr dks /;ksu esa j[krs gq, pkj ekg ds fy, gS fd 8
vkfn ekg ds iwjk gksus ls iwoZ laLFkk ds :i esa ,Q ih vks vfLrRo esa ugha vk ik,xkA
fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa dss fy, uhfr ,oa izfØ;k ekxZnf'kZdk

5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh


27 dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,


varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k

laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr


rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
Hkkx nks PART TWO

PHYSICAL FINANCIAL
UNIT TARGET TARGET TOTAL
S.No. ITEMS UNIT DETAIL REMARKS
COST COST
Y1 Y2 Y3 Y1 Y2 Y3
28
ykxr y{; y{; ykxr
3.4 FPO Registration cost Cost/FPO
0.400 1 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.40
3-4 ,Q ih vks ds iathdj.k dh ykxr çfr ,Q ih vks
ykxr
3.5 Minor equipments for FPO office Cost/FPO One Desk Top PC, Printer and minor office furnitures.
0.900 0.90 0.90
3-5 ,Q ih vks dk;kZy; ds fy, y?kq midj.k çfr ,Q ih vks ,d MsLd VkWi ihlh] fçaVj rFkk y?kq dk;kZy; QuhZpj
ykxr
3.6 FPO Equity support Per FPO Equity support is given as match in with the equity raised by the FPO,
considered ` 5 lakh @` 500 per member for 1000 members.
5.000 1 1 1 3.00 2.00 0.00 5.00
3-6 ,Q ih vks bfDoVh lgk;rk çfr ,Q ih vks ,Q ih vks }kjk tqVk;h xbZ bfDoVh ds cjkcj bfDoVh lgk;rk nh
tkrh gS] 100 lnL;ksa ds fy, çfr lnL; 500 :i, dh nj ls 5-00
yk[k :i, ekuk x;k gSA
Sub-total of 3
8.53 6.78 4.78 20.08
mi;qZä 3 dk mitksM+
Total of 1 to 3 (per FPO cost)
14.14 12.39 8.74 35.26
mi;qZä 1 ls 3 dk tksM+ ¼çfr ,Q ih vks ykxr½ çfrekg ykxr
1.
4 Programme Management Cost at RI level for
Block of 05 FPOs
0.1 1 1 1 1.2 1.2 1.2 3.6
4 5 ,Q ih vks ds Cykd ds fy, vkj vkbZ Lrj ij çfrekg ykxr
(FPOs)
dk;ZØe çca/ku ykxr
2. MISSION
4.1 Project Coordinator Cost/month Full time. s/he should be with experience in institution building.
(commercial) & agriculture/ marketing.
0.4 1 1 1 4.80 4.80 4.80 14.40
4-1 ifj;kstuk la;kstd çfrekg ykxr
4.2 Travel of PC
PREAMBLE
0.1 1 1 1 1.2 1.2 1.2 3.6

4-2 ifj;kstuk la;kstd ds ;k«kk çfrekg ykxr
4.3 Training of Project Team No. of training 6 days induction training is proposed to the FPO promotion team
i.e. one CEO + 5 LRPs. In 2nd year there will be 3 days refresher
course.
0.9 1 1 0.90 0.45 0 1.35
4-3 ifj;kstuk Vhe dk çf'k{k.k çf'k{k.k dh la[;k ,Q ih vks lao/kZu Vhe ds fy, 6 fnu ds ços'k çf'k{k.k dk çLrko
NATIONAL POLICY
fd;k x;k gS vFkkZr 1 lhbZvks + 5 ,y vkj ih , nwljs o"kZ esa] 3 fnu

dk iqu'p;kZ ikBîØe vk;ksftr fd;k tk,xkA
4.4 RI overheads Cost/month
Dept. of Agriculture and Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA

0.2 1 1 1 2.40 2.40 2.40 7.20
4-4 vkj vkbZ ds ca/ks [kpZ çfrekg ykxr


VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable

marginal farmers, into producer organisations has
technology and inputs and markets. Department of

organisation registered under the special provisions




4.
3.

3.1
2.5
2.4
2.3
3.2
PHYSICAL FINANCIAL
UNIT TARGET TARGET TOTAL
S.No. ITEMS UNIT DETAIL REMARKS
COST COST
Y1 Y2 Y3 Y1 Y2 Y3
ykxr y{; y{; ykxr
Sub-total of 4
9.30 8.85 8.40 26.55
mi;qZä 4 dk mi tksM+
5 Programme Management Cost at RI level for
Block of 10 FPOs
—f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx | Hkkjr ljdkj

5 10 ,Q ih vks ds Cykd ds fy, vkj vkbZ Lrj ij
dk;ZØe çca/ku ykxr
5.1 Project Coordinator Cost/month Full time. s/he should be with experience in institution bldg.
(commercial) & agriculture/agribusiness.
0.4 1 1 1 4.8 4.8 4.8 14.4
5-1 ifj;kstuk leUoa;d çfrekg ykxr iw.kZdkfyd] mlds ikl laLFkk fuekZ.k ¼okf.kfT;d½ ,oa —f"k@foi.ku
ds {ks= esa vuqHko gksuk pkfg,A
5.2 SMS Cost/month SMS - Agri business/ agriculture/ financial linkage
0.35 1 1 1 4.2 4.2 4.2 12.6
5-2 ,l ,e ,l fo”k; oLrq fo'ks"kK çfrekg ykxr ,l ,e ,l & —f"k O;lk;@—f"k@foÙkh; lgyXurk
5.3 Accountant cum Admin. Asst. Cost/month
0.15 1 1 1 1.8 1.8 1.8 5.4
5-3 ys[kkdkj lg ç'kklu lgk;d çfrekg ykxr
5.4 Travel of project staff Cost/month
0.15 1 1 1 1.8 1.8 1.8 5.4
5-4 ifj;kstuk LVkWQ dh ;k=k çfrekg ykxr
5.5 Training of Project Team No. of training 6 days induction training is proposed to the FPO promotion team
i.e. one CEO + 5 LRPs. In 2n d. Year there will be 3 days refresher
course.
0.9 2 2 1.8 0.9 0 2.7
5-5 ifj;kstuk Vhe dk çf'k{k.k çf'k{k.k dh la[;k ,Q ih vks lao/kZu Vhe ds fy, 6 fnu ds ços'k çf'k{k.k dks çLrkfor
fd;k x;k gS vFkkZr 1 lhbZvks + 5 ,y vkj ih nwljs o"kZ esa] 3 fnu dk
iqu'p;kZ ikBîØe vk;ksftr fd;k tk,xkA
5.6 RI overheads Cost/Month
0.4 1 1 1 4.8 4.8 4.8 14.4
5-6 vkj vkbZ ds ca/ks [kpZ çfrekg ykxr
Sub-total of 5
19.2 18.3 17.4 54.9
28
mi;qZä 5 dk mitksM+
viable producer owned FPOs. COST ANALYSIS (figures in Rupees)
operations for various crops.
Total Cost of forming one FPO for three years 3526000
4.2 Detailed guidelines for the promotion of FPOs, 5.6 DAC
Cost / farmer for three years 3526
and its designated agencies will work with
Total Cost of forming 5 FPO for three years 17630000
RI Cost for three years 2655000
Cost / farmer for three years 4057
Total Cost of forming 10 FPO for three years 35260000
RI Cost for three years 5.7 DAC will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
5490000
Costown
/ farmer for three years other
4075stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
their independent guidelines to support FPOs
same.
SUPPORT TO FPOs to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
5. ROLE OF CENTRAL
It is important GOVERNMENT
to clarify INSTITUTIONS
here that FPOs mobilized and registered under the provisions of these Guidelines are
IN SUPPORTING
purely member-ownedFPOs farmer bodies, which are entitled to receive certain services and financial support as
SUPPORTING FPOS
detailed above for a fixed period. They are not in any way to be equated with Government-owned or Government-
promoted institutions. Grants provided in the budget6.1 above to invest
Besides in the equity
encouraging StateofGovernments
FPOs are one-time
to take support
up
measures designed to ensure the viability of FPOs, and formation cannot beofused
FPOstoonacquire
a large shares
scale through
for anyCentrally-
individual or
institution connected with the Central or State Governments. sponsored and State-financed programmes and
of FPOs.
PART TWO
aIt is
Society under that
also clarified DAC,nowill be the
physical designatedor human
infrastructure strengthen
resourcesFPOs:created during the period of mobilization
in Resource
agency of DACInstitutions
to act as(RIs) and FPOs will be
a single-window forsupported over and above the provisions of the budget and
beyond the
technical period training
support, specified.needs,
In other words, and
research RKVY funds cannot be used to meet any recurring liability of any
knowledge
kind relatedmanagement
to RIs and FPOs andbeyond
to create
the linkages
provisions of these Guidelines.
to time.
& PROCESS andFOR
ORGANISATIONS 29
ykxr fo'ys”k.k ¼vkadM+s :i, esa½4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
3 o"kZ ds fy, 1 ,Q ih vks dk xBu djus dh dqy ykxr 3526000 lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
3 o"kZ ds fy, çfr fdlku ykxr 3526
3 o"kZ ds fy, 5 ,Q ih vks dk xBu djus dh dqy ykxr 17630000 esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
3 o"kZ ds fy, vkj vkbZ ykxr 2655000 lM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
3 o"kZ ds fy, çfr fdlku ykxr 4057 fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
3 o"kZ ds fy, 10 ,Q ih vks dk xBu djus dh dqy ykxr 35260000
3 o"kZ ds fy, vkj vkbZ ykxr 5490000
3 o"kZ ds fy, çfr fdlku ykxr 4075
fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh lgk;rk 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
;gka bl ckr dks Li"V djuk t:jh gS fd bu fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ds çko/kkuksa ds rgr laxfBr
ljdkj,oa ,Qihvks
iath—r fdlku ds fodkl mRiknd laxBu
,oa çxfr iwjh ç/kku laLFkk
ds fy,
rjg ls lnL;ksa ds LokfeRo okys fdlku fudk; gSa tks ,d fuf'pr vof/k ds fy, dfri; ds :ilsoesk,aa dke
,oa foRRkh;
djsxkA lgk;rk çkIr djus ds
fy, gdnkj gSa] ftudk C;kSjk Åij fn;k x;k gSA os fdlh Hkh :i esa ljdkj ds5-2LokfeRo okyh ;k ljdkj
y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; }kjk çofrZ
ifjlar?k la¼,l,Q,lh½]
LFkkvksa ds tks —f"k
leku ugha gSaA fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh 'ks;j iwath esa fuos'k djus ds fy, mi;qZDr ,oa
ctVlgdfjrk
esa miyC/kfoHkkx vuqndsku va,drxZckjxh
r ,dlgk;rk
laLFkk gS] rduhdh
ds :i esa gSa ftudk mís'; fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh O;ogk;Zrk dk lqfu'p; djuk gS] rFkkçf'k{k.k
lgk;rk] dsaæ ljdkj ;k jkT; ljdkjks
laca/kh vko';drkvks a] vuqa llsa/kku ,oa Kku
lacaf/kr fdlh laLFkk ;k O;fDr ds fy, 'ks;j çkIr djus ds fy, bldk ç;ksx ugha fd;k çca/tk
ku dsldrk fy, gSvkSA j fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
Hkkx nks
;g Hkh Li"V fd;k tkrk gS fd lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ¼vkjvkbZ½ rFkk fdlku mRiknd laxBuLFkkfir esa laxdjus
Bu dhds vof/k
fy, ,dy
ds nkSjL=ks
ku rl`dsftr:ifdlh
esa dke djus ds
HkkSfrd volajpuk ;k ekuo lalk/ku dh lgk;rk ctV ds mi;qZDr çko/kkuksa ds vykokfy, rFkk—f"kfufnZ,oa lgdkfjrk
"V vof/k ds cknfoHkkx
ugha dh
dh fpfUgr
tk,xhA laLFkk gksxhA
,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjks a ] ,Qihvks
nwljs 'kCnksa esa] jk"Vªh; fdlku fodkl ;kstuk dh fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx bu fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ds çko/kkuksa ls fHkUu vkjvkbZ ,oa fdlku mRiknd rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
laxBu ls lacaf/kr fdlh çdkj dh vkorhZ ns;rk dks iwjk djus ds fy, ugha fd;k tk ,oa ldrk fodkl
gSA esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
tk,xkA
dke djrs gSaA
ANNEXURES
Dept. of Agriculture and Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA 31

ANNEXURES
vuqca/k
POLICY & PROCESS GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

ANNEXURE 1 NATIONAL POLICY
DETAILS OF PROJECT OBJECTIVE WISE ACTIVITIES, OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES
ACTIVITIES OUTPUTS OUTCOMES
¸ Organise farmers into informal groups ¸ 3000-4000 farmers from 15-20 ¸ Farmers in 80% FIGs confident and
(FIG).
¸ Train members and leaders in matters
PREAMBLE
villages in close geographic cluster
organised into FIGs, prepared for
keen to positively change their current
condition and have developed plans
relating to group functioning, group intensive agriculture livelihoods to synergise planning and market
norms and systems. interventions. Collectivization of on
access producers, especially small and
the cluster-identified
¸ Form associations/FPOs of FIGs marginal farmers,
¸ FIGs organised into FPOs/Informal into producer organisations has
products. 2.3
¸ Train members and leaders of FPOs associations supporting productivity,
to nurture FIGs and mediate vis-à-vis efficient access to input and output
external resource institutions such as to address the many challenges of agriculture but
markets, linkages with agriculture
government, financial institutions and programmes. most importantly, improved access to investments,
markets. ¸ 75% meet or exceed quality
benchmarks on group functioning.
¸ Conduct exposure for selected men ¸ 60% of all families interested to take ¸ High adoption rates of new practices
and women from project villages to up improved crops have access Govt.
to of India has under
promoted identified farmer producer
this project.
villages/farms practicing modern quality inputs. organisation 75% project under
¸ registered families the
report over provisions
special 2.5
farming methods, such as different ¸ 40 % of participant land brought into 50% increase in yields in preexisting
crop mixes, modern techniques and intensive farming. crops.
intensive farming. ¸ institutional
80% families cultivate a diversified ¸ form aroundfamilies
75% project whichhaveto diversified
mobilize farmers
¸ Discuss alternate farming systems and build theirtheir
basket of locally suitable crops. croppingtopattern
capacity to cluster-leverage their
collectively
with groups of farmers suitable to ¸ LRP training modules being identified crop. 3.
PART TWO
their specific situations and generate implemented in large number. ¸ The expertise and services of a cadre
household farming plans/“portfolios”. ¸ Trained LRPs supporting of trained LRPs being utilised by the 3.1
¸ Identify training and extension needs implementation of the household
This and community
policy document is effectively.
meant to serve as a reference
and potential LRPs to function as cluster-level farm plans.
community-based extension agents.
¸ Train LRPs to provide extension which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
support to farmers adopting new Organisations, especially producer companies and
farming systems.
¸ Helping families access working ¸ 70 % of participating families using ¸ Participating families have assured 3.2
capital from SHG/MFI, banking sector quality inputs. schemes of the Central
supply and
of quality State
inputs andGovernments.
services.
and other sources. ¸ FPOs/Producer Aggregations ¸ Network of input and services delivery
¸ Link/develop supply channels for promoted. 1. VISION: mechanisms
To build a developed
prosperous in theand
localsustainable
inputs and services. ¸ Participating families covered by area.
¸ On-field hand-holding support by LRPs these collectives. ¸ Participating families feel confident to
to ensure appropriate usage of quality ¸ Gross Crop Output per hectare intensify their agriculture.
inputs. increase by 100% in rupee value
¸ Demonstration of usage and terms. efficient, cost-effective and sustainable resource use
4.
effectiveness of relevant farm and realize higher returns for their produce, through
mechanisation practices. collective action supported by the government, 4.1
¸ Developing production clusters for and fruitful
¸ Intensive, market oriented production collaboration
¸ Sustainable with academia,
and competitive linkages research
producing significant volume of clusters developed. for marketing created for their
marketable surplus. ¸ Surplus produce marketed at produce.
¸ Identifying and building aggregation/ remunerative prices. ¸ Participating families in production
2. MISSION
disaggregation centres in production ¸ Participating families engaged clusters have multiple options to sell
clusters wherever required. in coordinated market-oriented
2.1 To promote farmeconomically
produce. viable, democratic, and
¸ Linking these clusters with market production. ¸ The prevailing rates in the cluster
players (e.g. traders, commission ¸ Producers’ collectives aggregate and are fair vis-à-vis large markets in the
agents, retailers, etc.). market produce from members.
(FPOs) region.
¸ Producer collectives taking output ¸ Market aggregators/retail chains
2.2 buy
To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
marketing. produce from producer collectives.
¸ Formation of FPOs.

vuqca/k&1
ifj;kstuk ds mís';okj xfrfof/k;ksa] mRiknu ,oa ifj.kkeksa dk C;kSjk
xfrfof/k mRiknu ifj.kke
◊ fdlkuksa dks vukSipkfjd lewgksa ¼,Q vkbZ th½ esa ◊ lehiorhZ HkkSxksfyd lewg esa 15 ls 20 xkaoksa ◊ 80 çfr'kr ,Q vkbZ th ds
laxfBr djuk ds 3000 & 4000 fdlkuksa dks ,Q vkbZ th esa fdlku viuh orZeku fLFkfr dks
◊ lewg ds dkedkt] lewg ds ekunaMksa ,oa ç.kkfy;ksa laxfBr fd;k x;k] xgu —f"k thfodk lac/a kh ldkjkRed :i ls ifjofrZr djus
ls lacaf/kr ekeyksa esa lnL;ksa ,oa ekxZn'kZdksa dks gLrn{ksiksa ds fy, rS;kj fd;k x;k ds fy, fo'oLr ,oa mRlqd gSa
çf'k{k.k nsuk ◊ ,Q vkbZ th dks fdlku mRiknd laxBu@ rFkk lewg }kjk vfHkfpfàr mRiknksa
◊ ,Q vkbZ th ds la?kksa@fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk vukSipkfjd laxBuksa esa laxfBr fd;k x;k ij vk;kstuk rFkk cktkj igqap
fuekZ.k djuk tks mRikndrk] mRiknu lkexzh ,oa mRiknu ds chp rkyesy LFkkfir djus dh
◊ ,QvkbZth dk iks"k.k djus rFkk ljdkj] foÙkh; cktkjksa rd n{krkiw.kZ igqap] —f"k dk;ZØeksa ds ;kstuk fodflr dj pqds gSa
laLFkkvksa ,oa cktkj vkfn tSlh cká lalk/ku lkFk lgyXurk esa lgk;rk çnku djrs gSa
laLFkkvksa ds lkFk e/;LFkrk djus ds fy, fdlku ◊ lewg ds dkedkt ij 70 çfr'kr xq.koÙkk
mRiknd laxBu ds lnL;ksa ,oa ekxZn'kZdksa dks laca/kh funsZ'k fpgu dks iwjk djrs gSa ;k muls
çf'k{k.k nsuk vf/kd gSa
◊ ifj;kstuk xkao ls mu xkaoksa@QkeksaZ dk p;fur ◊ vPNh Qlyksa dh [ksrh djus ds bPNqd ◊ bl ifj;kstuk ds varxZr ftu ubZ
iq:”kksa ,oa efgykvksa ds fy, voljksa dk vk;kstu lHkh ifjokjksa esa ls 60 çfr'kr ifjokjksa dh çFkkvksa dks c<+kok fn;k tk jgk gS
djuk tks [ksrh dh vk/kqfud fof/k;ka viuk jgs gSa] csgrjhu mRiknd lkexzh rd igqap gSA mUgsa viukus dh nj Åaph gS
tSls fd fofHkUu Qlyksa dk feJ.k] vk/kqfud rduhdsa ◊ 40 çfr'kr çfrHkkfx;ksa dh Hkwfe dks xgu ◊ 75 çfr'kr ifj;kstuk ifjokjksa us
rFkk xgu [ksrh [ksrh ds v/khu yk;k x;k gS igys ls ekStwn Qlyksa dh mit
◊ fdlkuksa ds lewgksa ds lkFk [ksrh dh oSdfYid ◊ 80 çfr'kr fdlku LFkkuh; Lrkj ij miyC/k esa 50 çfr'kr ls vf/kd o`f) dh
ç.kkfy;ksa ij ppkZ djuk tks mudh fof'k"V Qlyksa dh fofo/k fdLeksa dh [ksrh djrs gSa lwpuk nh gS
ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds fy, mi;qä gSa rFkk ikfjokfjd —f"k ◊ LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fä çf'k{k.k çfr:i dks ◊ 75 çfr'kr ifj;kstuk ifjokjksa
;kstuk,a rS;kj djuk cM+s iSekus ij ykxw fd;k tk jgk gS us viuh Qly ç.kkyh dks lewg
◊ çf'k{k.k ,oa foLrkj dh vko'¸kdrkvksa rFkk leqnk; ◊ çf'kf{kr LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fä ifjokj ,oa }kjk vfHkfpfàr Qly ç.kkyh ds
Hkkx nks
vk/kkfjr foLrkj çfrfuf/k ds :i esa dke djus ds lewg Lrjh; —f"k ;kstukvksa dks ykxw djus esa vuq:i cuk fy;k gS
fy, laHkkfor LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fä dh igpku lgk;rk dj jgs gSa ◊ çf'kf{kr LFkkkuh; lalk/ku O;fDr
djuk ds laoxZ dh fo'ks"kKrk ,oa lsokvksa
◊ [ksrh dh ubZ i)fr;ksa dks viukus okys fdlkuksa dk ç;ksx leqnk; }kjk dkjxj
dks foLrkj lgk;rk çnku djus ds fy, LFkkuh; <ax ls fd;k tk jgk gS
lalk/ku O;fä dks çf'k{k.k nsuk
◊ Lo;a lgk;rk lewg@y?kq foÙkh; laLFkkkvks]a cSfa dax ◊ 70 çfr'kr çfrHkkxh ifjokj csgrjhu ◊ çfrHkkxh ifjokjksa dks csgrjhu
{ks= rFkk vU; lzkrs ksa ls dk;Zdkjh iwt
a h rd igqpa çkIr mRiknd lkexzh dk ç;ksx dj jgs gSa mRiknd lkexzh ,oa lsokvksa dh
djus esa ifjokjksa dh lgk;rk djuk ◊ fdlku mRiknd laxBu@mRiknd lewg dks vkiwfrZ iDds rkSj ij gksrh gS
◊ mRiknd lkexzh ,oa lsokvksa ds fy, vkiwfrZ ç.kkyh c<+kok fn;k x;k gS ◊ LFkkuh; {ks= esa mRiknd lkexzh
fodflr djuk@layXu djuk ◊ çfrHkkxh ifjokjksa dks bu lewgksa ds varxZr ,oa lsok lqinq xZ h ra= dk usVodZ
◊ [ksr ij LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fä }kjk O;ogkfjd 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS fodflr fd;k x;k gS
lgk;rk rkfd csgrjhu mRiknd lkexzh ds mi;qä ◊ :i, esa ewY; dh –f"V ls çfr gsDVs;j ldy ◊ çfrHkkxh fdlku viuh [ksrh
ç;ksx dk lqfu'p; gks Qly mRiknu esa 100 çfr'kr dh o`f) gqbZ dks xgu djus ds fy, fo'oLr
◊ —f"k ;a=hdj.k dh laxr çFkkvksa ds ç;ksx ,oa gS eglwl djrs gSa
dkjxjrk dk çn'kZu djuk
◊ foi.ku ds ;ksX; i;kZIr ek=k esa vfrfjä eky dk ◊ xgu] cktkj mUeq[k mRikanu lewg fodflr ◊ muds mRikn ds fy,
mRiknu djus ds fy, mRiknu lewgksa dk fodkl fd, x, gSa foi.ku dh laiks”k.kh; ,oa çfrLi/khZ
djuk ◊ vfrfjä mRiknu dks vPNha dherksa ij cspk lgyXurkvksa dk l`tu fd;k x;k
◊ tgka t:jr gks ogka mRiknu lewgksa esa lewg@xSj lewg x;k gS gS
dh igpku djuk ,oa fuekZ.k djuk ◊ çfrHkkxh ifjokj lefUor cktkj mUeq[k ◊ mRiknu lewgksa esa çfrHkkxh ifjokjksa
◊ bu lewgksa dks cktkj ds f[kykfM+;ksa ¼mnkgj.k ds mRiknu esa 'kkfey gSa ds ikl vius mRikkn dks cspus ds
fy,] O;kikfj;ksa] vk<+fr;ksa] QqVdj foØsrkvksa vkfn½ ◊ mRiknd lewg lnL;ksa ls mRikn ,d= djrs fy, vusd fodYi gksrs gSa
ls tksM+uk gSa rFkk mudk foi.ku djrs gSa ◊ lewg esa çpfyr njsa {ks= dh cM+s
◊ mRikand lewgksa }kjk vius mRiknu dk foi.ku fd;k ◊ cktkj lewg@QqVdj foØsrk Jà[kyk cktkjksa dh rqyuk esa mfpr gksrh gSa
tkuk }kjk mRiknd lewgksa ls mRiknd [kjhnk
◊ fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk xBu tkrk gS

31
ANNEXURE 2
ENERGIZING
4.2 Detailed FARM PRODUCTION
guidelines SYSTEMS:
for the promotion of FPOs, 5.6 DAC and its designated agencies will work with
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT FOR TRANSITION TO COORDINATED SURPLUS FARMER
Energising Farm Production Systems: Institutional Arrangement for Transition to Coordinated Surplus Farmer
(a socio-behavioural & techno-managerial model of Farmer Institution Building)
Central schemes are being used to promoteFARMERFPOs.
PRODUCER ORGANISATION
However, State Governments
1000 Farmers
are free to develop Gross
otherIntervened Area: to
stakeholders 30-50 ha clarify and strengthen
further
20 Villages Productivity: 75% of benchmark
if they are using. State
50-70 budgetary funds for the
Primary Group Price: 50% of Retail
20-25 Kisan Sahyogi
same. Incremental Income: per farmer
`15000growth
to fostering fast paced of FPOs.
Board of Directors
Farmer+Expert+Bank
IN SUPPORTING FPOs CEOSUPPORTING FPOS
Gram Kisan Mandal/Farmers Group
of FPOs. 15-20 farmers in 1 village serviced by a Kisan Sahyogi and
accessing farm business services - inputs, equipment hire, output
Retail Cashing on the New Opportunity

Agri & allied Government Agencies
pooling & storage from a single node.
Market: Farm-Firm Linkages;

Research

FARMER and self-help groups/federations for all
to time.
Kisan Sahyogi Village Based Extension Cadre/LRP
assists in on-field agronomic practices & input-output transactions
suppliers, technology providers, 30-40 farmers (2 FG) in 1-2 villageslicenses
extension and in 3-5 km.to FPOs to trade in inputs (seed,
radius
Corporation (NCDC) will be expanded to include Agriculture Specialist
Supports
FPOs in the list of eligible 10-15 Sahyogi
institutions in field implementation.
which receive 6.1.3 By Expected
using toFPOs
create
asa producers
best-fit of certified
adaptation of RSP (Recommended Scientific Practices) in field conditions.
support under the various programmes 1000 of the seed,
Farmers in 25 villages
saplings and other planting material
undertake price support purchase operations. Business Manager to allow direct sale of farm produce by
FPOsCompany.
Chief Executive Officer of the Producer at the farmgate, through FPO owned
5.5 DAC will work with Food CorporationExpand of IndiaFarm-
(FCI)Business Efficiency Frontiers.
and State Governments toBuilds encourage them
Linkage with to
Resource & Research Institutions & Market.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
vuqca/k&2 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
—f"k mRiknu ç.kkfy;ksa dks ÅtkZoku cukuk ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
lefUor vfrfjDr fdlku esa ifjorZu ds fy, laLFkkfud O;oLFkk ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
laLFkkvks
—f"k mRiknu ç.kkfy;ksa dks ÅtkZoku cukuk % lefUor vfrfjDr fdlku esa ifjorZu ds fy, laLa Fkkfud
dk ekxZnO;oLFkk
'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks
¼fdlku laL"Fkk
k :i
fuekZls.k,slh ifjfLFkfr
dk ,d lkekftd&vkpj.k rFkk rduhdh & çca/kdh; çfr:i½ esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
fdlku mRiknd la?k dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
1000 fdlku Ldy% n[kyh—r {ks=Qy :Lo;a30ds& Lora
50 =gsDfn'kkfuns
Vs;j 'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
20 xkao mRiknu% ry fpgu dk 75 çfr'kr
50 ls 70 çkFkfed lewg dher% QqVdj dk 50 çfr'kr
20 ls 25 fdlku lg;ksxh 5- çfr
c<+rh vk;% 15000 :i, ,Qihvks
fdlku dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
funs’kd eaMy
fdlku + fo'ks"kK + cSad 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
lh bZ vks ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
xzke fdlku eaMy@fdlku lewg ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
,d xkao ds 15 ls 20 fdlkuksa dks ,d fdlku lg;ksxh }kjk lsok,a lgk;rk]
çnku dh çf'k{k.k
xbZa rFkk laos ca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
cktkj & QkeZ & QeZ lgyXurk@u,

,d gh LFkku ls dkjksckj dh lsok,a & mRiknd lkexzh çkIr dj jgs çca
gSa] /midj.k
ku ds fy,fdjk,vkSjijfuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
—f"k ,oa lac) ljdkjh ,tsafl;ksa
ys jgsa gS] mRiknu dks lkewfgd :i ls bdëk dj jgs gSa rFkk mudkLFkkfir
HkaMkj.kdjus
dj jgs gSa ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
ds fy,
volj ij QqVdj udn

vuqla/kku
fdlku çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk

fdlku lg;ksx@xzke vk/kkfjr foLrkj laoxZ@LFkkuh; lalfoi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
k/ku O;fä
rFkk la c a/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
;g [ksr ij —f"k foKku dh dk;Zç.kkfy;ka ,oa mRiknd lkexzh & mRiknu
ds ysu&nsu esa lgk;rk djrk gSA 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
3 ls 5 fdeh dh ifjf/k esa 1&2 xkao esa 30 ls 40 fdlku ¼2 ,Q th½
—f"k fo'ks"kK tk,xkA
[ksr esa dk;kZUo;u esa 10 ls 15 lg;ksfx;ksa dh lgk;rk djrk gSA blls [ksr dh
fLFkfr;ksa ds vuq:i lcls mi;qDr laLrqr oSKkfud5-4dk;Zusç.kkfy;ka
QsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
¼laLrqr oSKkfud çFkk½ ds vuqdwyu dk l`tu djus dh visdks {kk 'kkfey
gksrh gSA djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
25 xkao esa 1000 fdlku laca/kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
dke djrs gSaA
dkjksckj çca/kd vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
mRiknd daiuh dk eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh
—f"k foLrkj & O;olk; n{krk lhek lalk/ku ,oa vuqla/kkufofHkUu
laLFkkvksQlyks
a a ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
ij
rFkk cktkj ds lkFk laca/kksa dk fuekZ.k djrk gSA [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
EMPANELMENT PROCESS FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
EMPANELMENT PROCESS OF RIs:
1.
2.
Finalising Criteria for Empanelment and preparation of the RFP document.
Publishing a Request for Proposal (RFP).
PREAMBLE
3. Shortlisting of agencies. Collectivization of producers, especially small and
4. Presentation by shortlisted agencies. marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
5. Finalisation of agencies based on a pre-determined and pre-disclosed set of indicators as laid down in the RFP
document.
DETAILS RELATED TO RI SELECTION
Empanelment of RIs must take into consideration the following: Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
Govt.institution
a. Their past experience in promoting producers’ institutions: Any resource of India has
which hasidentified
promoted orfarmer
in the producer
organisation
process of promoting (even under the SFAC pilot on FPOs) with a minimum registered
of 1000-1500 undershould
members the special
be provisions 2.5
eligible to apply. of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate
b. Indicative List of Documents required to be submitted by the RI while responding to
institutional RFP.around which to mobilize farmers
form
3.
DOCUMENTS RELATED TO RI production and marketing strength.
PART TWO
1. Documents evidencing legal existence of the entity 3.1
2. Full details of shareholders/members/trustees along with documentary evidence
3. Full details of the governing council members/board of directors/management team looking
and guide after day-today
to Central and Stateaffairs of your
Government agencies
entity(s) along with documentary evidence
4. Details of registration with tax/other authorities for the purpose of exemptions, if any
5. Address of the registered office/corporate/branch offices along with documentary evidence like copy of the registration
certificate of the company, lease deeds, property papers etc. link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
6. Audited Financial Statements for the last 3 years schemes of the Central and State Governments.
7. Details of legal compliances and an undertaking by the Chief Authority confirming compliance
8. Minutes of the last 3 years Annual Board Meetings 1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
9. Details of all financial assistance availed agriculture sector by promoting and supporting
member-owned
10. A consortium agreement, if applicable. (If not applicable, write N/A on the letter head duly certified)Producer Organisations, that
4.
DOCUMENTS RELATED TO FPO PROMOTED BY RI
11. Business Plan and Activity Plan of at least one FPO duly authorised by BoD
12. Details of Board of Directors and management team of the FPO
13. Details of Incorporation and Bye-laws
14. Documents related to business transaction (if the FPO is more than 2 years
2. old)
MISSION
BROAD CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF RI
¸ Experience in working with Small and Marginal Farmers. (FPOs)
¸ Experience in promoting Producers’ Organisations.
¸ Experience in the particular geographic area.
¸ Experience in working with Government.

vuqca/k&3
lewg esa 'kkfey djus dh çfØ;k
lalk/ku laLFkkvksa dk lewg cukus dh çfØ;k %
1- lewg esa 'kkfey djus dh dlkSfV;ksa dks vafre :i nsuk rFkk vkj,Qih nLrkost rS;kj djukA
2- çLrko ds fy, vuqjks/k ¼vkj,Qih½ dks çdkf'kr djukA
3- laLFkkvksa dh NaVkbZ djukA
4- laf{kIr lwph esa uke okyh laLFkkvksa }kjk çLrqfrA
5- vkj,Qih nLrkost ds vuqlkj ladsrdksa ds iwoZ fu/kkZfjr rFkk igys gh [kqyklk fd, tk pqds lsV ds vk/kkj ij laLFkkvksa dks
vafre :i nsukA
p;u ls lacaf/kr C;kSjk

lalk/ku laLFkkvksa dk lewg cukrs le; fuEufyf[kr ckrksa ij vo'; /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg, %
¼d½ mRiknd laLFkkvksa dks c<+kok nsus esa mudk fiNyk vuqHko % ,slh lalk/ku laLFkk ftlus de ls de 1000 ls 1500 lnL;ksa ds
lkFk ¼Hkys gh fdlku mRiknd la?k ij ,l,Q,lh ds çk;ksfxd dk;ZØe ds varxZr½ lao/kZu fd;k gS ;k lao/kZu djus dh çfØ;k
esa gS] vkosnu djus ds fy, ik= gksuh pkfg,A
¼[k½ vkj,Qih dk çR;qÙkj nsrs le; lalk/ku laLFkk }kjk tek fd, tkus ds fy, visf{kr nLrkostksa dh funsZ'kkRed lwphA
lalk/ku laLFkk ls lacaf/kr nLrkost
Hkkx nks
1- laLFkk ds dkuwuh vfLrRo dks çekf.kr djus okys nLrkost
2- nLrkosth lk{; ds lkFk 'ks;j /kkjdksa@lnL;ksa@U;kfl;ksa dk iw.kZ fooj.k
3- nLrkosth lk{; ds lkFk vkidh laLFkk ¼laLFkkvksa½ ds jkstejkZ ds dkedkt dks ns[kus okys 'kkflr ifj”kn ds lnL;ksa@funs'kd eaMy@
çca/ku ny dk iw.kZ fooj.k
4- NwV] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds ç;kstu ds fy, dj@vU; çkf/kdj.kksa ds lkFk iathdj.k dk C;kSjk
5- iath—r dk;kZy;@fuxe@'kk[kk dk;kZy;ksa dk irk rFkk mudk nLrkosth lk{; tSls fd daiuh ds iathdj.k çek.ki=] iêk foys[k]
laifÙk ds dkxtkr vkfn dh çfrfyfi
6- fiNys rhu o”kksaZ ds laca/k esa ys[kk ijhf{kr foÙkh; fooj.k
7- dkuwuh vuqikyu dk C;kSjk rFkk eq[;r çkf/kdkjh }kjk vuqikyu dh iqf”V djrs gq, gyQukek
8- fiNys rhu lky dh okf”kZd cksMZ cSBdksa dk dk;Zo`Ùk
9- çkIr dh xbZ foÙkh; lgk;rk dk C;kSjk
10- ifjla?k djkj] ;fn ykxw gks ¼;fn ykxw u gks] rks fof/kor çekf.kr i= 'kh”kZ ij ^ykxw ugha* fy[ksa½
fdlku mRiknd laxBu] ftUgsa lalk/ku laLFkk }kjk c<+kok fn;k x;k gS] ls lacaf/kr nLrkost
11- de ls de ,d fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh dkjksckj ;kstuk rFkk xfrfof/k ;kstuk tks funs'kd eaMy }kjk fof/kor vf/k—r gks
12- fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds funs'kd eaMy rFkk çca/ku ny dk C;kSjk
13- fuxeu ,oa mi dkuwuksa dk C;kSjk
14- dkjksckj ls lacaf/kr ysunsu ds nLrkkost ¼;fn fdlku mRiknd laxBu 2 lky ls vf/kd iqjkuk gS½
lalk/ku laLFkk ds p;u dh foLr`r dlkSfV;ka

◊ NksVs ,oa lhekar fdlkuksa ds lkFk dke djus dk vuqHko
◊ mRiknd laxBuksa dks c<+kok nsus dk vuqHko
◊ fof'k"V HkkSxksfyd {ks= esa dke djus dk vuqHko
◊ ljdkj ds lkFk dke djus dk vuqHko

33
ANNEXURE 4
OUTLINE FOR DIAGNOSTIC STUDY
1. Study Abstract: Objective and deliverables, methodology
2. District Profile: Geographic profile, socio-political background, major agricultural crops,
agricultural productivity, farmers and land details, secondary data on production, major
market yards, processing facilities 5.7 DAC will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
3. Cluster Profile: Rationale for cluster selection, agro-climatic
provisionsconditions, cropping
of the law relatingpattern,
to the registration,
geographic profile, status of natural resources, villages’ profile abstract
same.
4. Value-Chain Details: Stakeholders involved, economics at different levels of stakeholders,
service providers’ profile, terms at which services6.areROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
obtained
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
5. Gaps Identified:
5.1 Department Inputsand
of Agriculture side, financial services,
Cooperation (DAC), marketing services, insurance services, access
to government
Ministry programmes,
of Agriculture, Govt. of watershed programmes
India will act as
6. FPOs.
of Probable Farmer Services:
7. Conclusion:
8. Annexure: Questionnaires, checklist, details about government programsFPOs at par with cooperatives
6.1.1 By declaring
to time.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
uSnkfud v/;;u dh :ijs[kk ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
1- v/;;u dk lkj % mís'; ,oa çkI; ifj.kke] ç.kkyh foKku esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
2- ftys dh i`”BHkwfe % HkkSxksfyd i`"BHkwfe] lkekftd&jktuhfrd i`"BHkwfe] çeq[k —f"k fuf/k;ks
Qlysa a]dk—f"k
ç;ksmRikndrk]
x ,Qihvks dsfdlkuks lao/kZua ,oa Hkwfe fd;k
ds fy, dk tk jgk gksA
C;kSjk] mRiknu ds laca/k esa xkS.k vkadM+s] çeq[k cktkj LFky] çlaLdj.k dh lqfo/kk,a
3- lewg dh i`”BHkwfe % lewg ds p;u dk vkSfpR;] —f"k&tyok;q dh fLFkfr;ka] Qly Lo;a ds Lora
ç.kkyh] HkkSx=ksfyd
fn'kkfuns
i`"BHkw'Z kfe]fodflr
çk—frd djuslaldsk/kuks
fy,a Lora= gSAa
dh fLFkfr] xkaoksa dh i`"BHkwfe dk lkj
4- ewY; Jà[kyk dk C;kSjk % 'kkfey fgr/kkjd] fgr/kkjdksa ds fofHkUu Lrjksa ij vFkZ rala=]LFkkvks a dh Hkwa fdh
lsok çnkrkvks edki`"BHkwfe] 'krsaZ ftu aZ ij
lsok,a çkIr dh tkrh gSa
5- igpku dh xbZ dfe;ka % mRiknd lkexzh ls lacaf/kr] foÙkh; lsok,a] foi.ku lsodsk,a] :i
chekesa lsdke
ok,a] djs
ljdkjh
xkA dk;ZØeksa rd igqap]
ty foHkktd dk;ZØe
6- laHkkfor fdlku lsok,a % ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
7- ifj.kke %
8- vuqca/k % ç'ukoyh] tkap lwph] ljdkjh dk;ZØeksa ds ckjs esa C;kSjk ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
tk,xkA
dke djrs gSaA
DETAILED CHECKLIST OF FACTORS FOR BASELINE STUDY FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
PREAMBLE
1. General Information – Demographics, household size, members and details of occupation
2. Economics of Agriculture – Costing, input and output ratios, Collectivization

yields and currentofproductivity
producers, especially small and
3. Production – Quality and quantity of inputs, technological levels, input suppliers and vendors,
seasonality of production, availability and tied sales
4. Financial Aspects – Sources, terms and conditions, interest and most importantly,
existing improved access to investments,
outstandings,
access to government programmes technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4
5. Risk Aspects – Historical risks, computation of losses due to risk,
Govt.coping mechanisms
of India has identified farmer producer
6. Marketing Aspects – Channels of marketing, margins and costs at various levels, quality
aspects, price sensitivity, seasonality of markets, alternate market structure
7. Best Practices and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3.
PART TWO
8. Constraints and Challenges 3.1
9. Prospects and Opportunities and guide to Central and State Government agencies
3.2

4.
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

vuqca/k&5
vk/kkj js[kk v/;;u ds fy, dkjdksa dh foLr`r tkap lwph
1- lkekU; lwpuk % tu lkaf[;dh] ifjokj dk vkdkj] lnL;ksa dh la[;k rFkk is'ks dk C;kSjk
2- —f"k dh vFkZO;oLFkk % ykxr] mRiknd lkexzh ,oa mRiknu dk vuqikr] mit rFkk orZeku mRikndrk
3- mRikn % mRiknd lkexzh dh xq.koÙkk ,oa ek=k] çkS|ksfxdh ds Lrj] mRiknd lkexzh ds vkiwfrZdrkZ rFkk foØsrk] ekSle ds
vuqlkj mRiknu] miyC/krk rFkk vuqcaf/kr fcØh
4- foÙkh; igyw% lzksr] 'krsaZ ,oa fuca/ku] C;kt rFkk fo|eku cdk;k] ljdkjh dk;ZØeksa rd igqap
5- tksf[ke ls tqM+s igyw % ,sfrgkfld tksf[ke] tksf[ke ds dkj.k {kfr dh x.kuk] tksf[keksa ls fuiVus ds ra=
6- foi.ku ls tqM+s igyw % foi.ku ds ek/;e] fofHkUu Lrjksa ij lhekar ,oa ykxr] xq.koÙkk ls tqM+s igyw] ewY; dh laosnu'khyrk]
ekSle ds vuqlkj cktkj] oSdfYid cktkj lajpuk
7- loksZÙke dk;Zç.kkfy;ka
8- vM+pusa ,oa pqukSfr;ka
Hkkx nks
9- laHkkouk,a ,oa volj

35
ANNEXURE 6
GUIDELINES FOR BUSINESS PLANNING
1. Executive Summary
2. Introduction
3. External Context – Civil society, government services, 5.7 DACmarket competition
will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
4. Strategic Orientation – Mission, vision, objectives and goals, keyofmeasurable
provisions the law relating to the registration,
indicators management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same.
5. Product and Service Model – Products and services, terms and conditions
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
6. Institutional Structure – Membership, governance, operational
SUPPORTING FPOS
staff, terms of
engagement,
5.1 Department performance
of Agriculture measurement,
and Cooperation remuneration and other important
(DAC),
details
7. FPOs.
of Production Plan – Key commodities, seasonality, production plan, quality norms,
group production incentives
8. Procurement Plan – Procurement points, time, pricing mechanisms, viability of
procurement points, staffing for procurement, storage6.1.1 and transportation
By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
9. Storage and Processing – Processing facilities, machinery and plant erection,
self-help groups/federations for all
capacities, safeguards benefits and facilities that are extended
10.Financial Resources Plan – Finances required, fixed investment to time.and working
capital requirements, sources, terms of borrowings, member own funds
11.Marketing Plan – Channels, brands, consumer feedback, key products,
marketing strategy
12.Benefits
5.3 The mandate of FPO – Member
of National level Development
Cooperative benefits computation and projections
13.Operational
FPOs in the list ofPlan andinstitutions
eligible Activity Chart
whichList
receive 6.1.3 By using FPOs as producers of certified
14.Product Costing
15.Risks and Risk Management Plan
16.Linkages and Convergence Plan
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
dkjksckj vk;kstuk ds fy, fn'kkfunsZ'k ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
1- dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
2- çLrkouk fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
3- cká lanHkZ % lH; lekt] ljdkjh lsok,a] cktkj çfrLi/kkZ dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
4- lkefjd vfHkeq[khdj.k % fu;ksx] utfj;k] mís';] rFkk y{;] ekius ;ksX; çeq[k ladsr
5- mRikn ,oa lsok çfr:i % mRikn ,oa lsok,a] 'krsaZ ,oa fuca/ku
6- laLFkkfud lajpuk % lnL;rk] vfHk'kklu] çpkyu ls lacaf/kr deZpkjh] fu;qfä dh 'krsaZ] fu"iknu dk ewY;ka~du] ikfjJfed rFkk
vU; egRoiw.kZ C;kSj
7- mRiknu ;kstuk % çeq[k inkFkZ] ekSlehiu] mRiknu] xq.koÙkk ds ekunaM] lkewfgd,oamRiknu lgdfjrk ls tqMfoHkkx
+s çksRlkguds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
8- [kjhn ,oa olwyh ;kstuk % [kjhn ,oa olwyh ds fcanq] le;] ewY; fu/kkZj.k ra=] [kjhn
LFkkfir,oadjus olwydsh fcafy,nqvks,dya dh O;ogk;Z
L=ksrdsrk]:i[kjhn esa dke djus ds
,oa olwyh] HkaMkj.k ,oa ifjogu ds fy, deZpkjh fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
9- HkaMkj.k ,oa çlaLdj.k % çlaLdj.k dh lqfo/kk,a] e'khujh ,oa la;a= yxkuk] {kerk,a,oa] lqfodkl
j{kk mik; esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
futh ,oa lkoZ
10- foÙkh; lalk/ku ;kstuk % visf{kr foÙk] lkof/k fuos'k rFkk dk;Zdkjh iwath dh vko';drk,a ] lzktsr]fud m/kkjnksuysksau{kss dh
=ksa ds'krsvknku]
aZ] lnL;ksvkiw a frZdrkZvksa]
dh viuh Lo;a dh fuf/k;ka çkS n ~ ; ks f xdh çnkrkvks a ] foLrkj ,oa vuq l a / kku la LFkkvksa rFkk
11- foi.ku dh ;kstuk % ç.kkyh] Nki] miHkksäk çfriqf"V] çeq[k mRikn] foi.ku dh j.kuhfr
12- fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds ykHk % lnL; Lrjh; ykHkksa dh x.kuk rFkk vuqeku varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
13- çpkyu ;kstuk rFkk xfrfof/k lkj.kh dh lwph tk,xkA
14- mRiknd dh ykxr 5-4 usQsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
15- tksf[ke ,oa tksf[ke çca/ku ;kstuk dke djrs gSaA
16- lgyXurk,a ,oa vfHklj.k ;kstuk vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
GUIDELINES FOR BY-LAWS
1. Except on such specific matters which the Act has provided, the functioning of every FPO shall be regulated by its bye-laws.
Subject to the provisions of the Act and the bye-laws, every FPO shall have regard to the principles in its functioning.
2. The by-laws of a FPO be specific on the following matters, namely,
a the name and address of the FPO; PREAMBLE
b the object of the FPO explicitly stated as a common central need of the farmer members which the FPC aims at fulfilling;
c Collectivization
eligibility, ineligibility and procedure for obtaining and retaining membership; of producers, especially small and
d procedure for withdrawal, cessation and termination of membership; marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
e the services that it intends to give its members; emerged as one of the most effective pathways
f fixation of minimum performance expected annually of each member vis-a-vis to address
use of the many
services, challenges
financial commitmentof agriculture
and but
participation in meetings, in order to be eligible to exercise the rights ofmost
membership including the right to vote;
importantly, improved access to investments,
g the consequences of performing below the minimum level fixed;
h the consequences of default in payment of any sum due by a member;
i rights of members;
j Govt.byoftheIndia
the nature and extent of the liability of the members for the debts contracted FPO; has identified farmer producer
k the manner of making or amending bye-laws; organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
l the powers and functions of the general body, and the powers and functions of theand
Companies
the manner Act, 1956 asofthe
of constitution most appropriate
representative
general body, if any, and subjects which must be dealt with by the general institutional
body, and byform around which
the representative to body,
general mobilize
if farmers
any; and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
m the manner and frequency of convening general meetings and quorum required; 3.
PART TWO
• the manner of conducting elections and of filling casual vacancies;
3.1
• the size and composition of the board of directors;
• the term of office of the directors; This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
• the manner of removal of directors; and guide to Central and State Government agencies
• which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
the manner and frequency of convening board meetings and quorum;
• the powers and duties of the board; Organisations, especially producer companies and
• the powers and duties of the chairperson; link them to benefits under various programmes and
• the terms on which the FPO may deal with non-members; 3.2
• eligibility, ineligibility for becoming and continuing as director;
• penalties for acting against the interests of the FPO and for non-fulfilment of duties by members, office-bearers, directors
or staff;
• the nature and extent of the liability of office-bearers, directors for debts contracted by the FPO;
• the authorisation of an officer or officers to sign documents and to institute and defend suits and other legal proceedings
on behalf of the FPO;
• the manner of choosing delegates to secondary FPO Federation; 4.
¸ the rights, if any, which the FPO intends to confer on any other FPO or other federations and the circumstances
under which these rights may be exercised by the society or federation;
¸ the nature and amount of capital, if any, of the FPO;
¸ the maximum capital which a single member can hold;
¸ the maximum interest payable to members on paid-up share capital;
2. MISSION
¸ the sources, types and extent of funds to be raised by the FPO;
¸ the purposes for which the funds may be applied; 2.1 To promote economically viable, democratic, and
¸ the constitution of various funds and their purposes; self governing Farmer Producer Organisations
(FPOs)
¸ the manner of appointment of auditors and their powers and functions;
¸ the manner of appointment of internal auditors and their powers and functions;
¸ the manner of disposal of funds when the FPO is under liquidation; and
¸ the manner of dissolution of the FPO.

vuqca/k&7
mi dkuwuksa ds fy, fn'kkfunsZ'k
1- ,sls fof'k"V ekeyksa dks NksM+dj ftuds ckjs esa vf/kfu;e esa çko/kku fd;k x;k gS] çR;sd fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk dkedkt mlds vius
mi dkuwuksa }kjk fofu;fer gksxkA vf/kfu;e rFkk mi dkuwuksa ds çko/kkuksa ds v/khu çR;sd fdlku mRiknd laxBu vius Lo;a ds dkedkt
ds fl)karksa dk lEeku djsxkA
2- fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds mi dkuwu fuEufyf[kr ekeyksa ij Li"V gksus pkfg,] vFkkZr]
d fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk uke ,oa irk(
[k fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk mís'; tks fdlku & lnL;ksa dh eq[; vko';drk ds :i esa vkerkSj ij Li"V :i ls mfYyf[kr gks]
ftls iwjk djus dk y{; fdlku mRiknd laxBu us j[kk gS(
x lnL;rk çkIr djus ,oa cuk, j[kus ds fy, ik=rk] vik=rk ,oa dk;Zfof/k(
?k lnL;rk dks okil ysus] lekIr djus rFkk var djus dh dk;Zfof/k(
³ lsok,a ftUgsa ;g vius lnL;ksa dks çnku djus dk bjknk j[krk gS(
p cSBdksa esa çfrHkkfxrk rFkk lsokvksa] foÙkha; çfrc)rk ds eqdkcys esa çR;sd lnL; ls okf"kZd vk/kkj ij visf{kr U;wrure fu"iknu
dk fu/kkZj.k rkfd os lnL;rk ds vf/kdkj dk ç;ksx djus ds fy, ik= cu ldsa ftlesa ernku dk vf/kdkj 'kkfey gS(
N fu/kkZfjr fd, x, U;wure Lrj ls de fu"iknu ds ifj.kke(
t fdlh lnL; }kjk ns; fdlh jkf'k ds Hkqxrku esa pwd ds ifj.kke(
> lnL;ksa ds vf/kdkj(
¥ fdlku mRiknd laxBu }kjk lafonk—r _.kksa ds fy, lnL;ksa dh ns;rk dk Lo:i ,oa lhek(
V mi dkuwu cukus ;k mUgsa la'kksf/kr djus dk rjhdk(
B lkekU; fudk; dh 'kfä;ka ,oa dk;Z] rFkk çfrfuf/k lkekU; fudk;] ;fn dksbZ gks] dh 'kfä;ka ,oa dk;Z rFkk mlds xBu dk rjhdk
vkSj fo"k; ftu ij lkekU; fudk; rFkk çfrfuf/k lkekU; fudk;] ;fn dksbZ gks] }kjk vo'; dk;Z fd;k tkuk pkfg,(
M vke cSBdsa vk;ksftr djus dk <ax rFkk ckjackjrk ,oa visf{kr fufnZ"V la[;k(
Hkkx nks
Û pquko djkus rFkk vkdfLed fjfä;ksa dks Hkjus dk rjhdk(
Û funs'kd eaMy dk vkdkj ,oa lajpuk(
Û funs'kdksa ds in ls tqM+h 'krsaZ(
Û funs'kdksa dks gVkus dk rjhdk(
Û cksMZ dh cSBd vk;ksftr djus dk rjhdk,oa ckjackjrk rFkk fufnZ"V la[;k(
Û cksMZ dh 'kfä;ka ,oa drZO;(
Û v/;{k dh 'kfä;ka ,oa drZO; (
Û 'krsaZ ftuds vk/kkj ij fdlku mRiknd laxBu xSj lnL;ksa ds lkFk O;ogkj dj ldrk g(S
Û funs'kd cuus rFkk cus jgus ds fy, ik=rk] vik=rk(
Û fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds fgr ds fo:) dke djus rFkk lnL;ksa] inkf/kdkfj;ksa] funs'kdksa ;k deZpkfj;ksa }kjk vius drZO;ksa
dk ikyu u djus ds fy, naM(
Û fdlku mRiknd laxBu }kjk lafonk—r _.kksa ds fy, inkf/kdkfj;ksa] funs'kdksa rFkk deZpkfj;ksa dh ns;rk dk Lo:i ,oa lhek(
Û fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh vksj ls nLrkostksa ij gLrk{kj djus rFkk eqdneksa ,oa vU; dkuwuh dk;Zokfg;ksa dks 'kq: djus rFkk
cpko djus ds fy, fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k vf/kdkfj;ksa dks çkf/k—r djuk(
Û xkS.k fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds fy, çfrfuf/k;ksa ds s pquko dk rjhdk(
◊ vf/kdkj] ;fn dksbZ gks] ftUgsa fdlku mRiknd laxBu fdlh vU; fdlku mRiknd laxBu ;k vU; laxBuksa dks çnku
djus dk bjknk j[krk gS rFkk fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lekt ;k laxBu bu vf/kdkjksa dk ç;ksx dj ldrk g(S
◊ fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh iwath] ;fn dksbZ gks] dh jkf'k rFkk Lo:i(
◊ vf/kdre iwath ftls dksbZ ,dy lnL; xzg.kdj ldrk g(S
◊ Hkqxrku dh xbZ 'ks;j iwath ij lnL;ksa dks ns; vf/kdre C;kt(
◊ fdlku mRiknd laxBu }kjk tqVk;h tkus okyh fuf/k;ksa ds lzksr] çdkj ,oa lhek(
◊ ç;kstu ftuds fy, fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS(
◊ fofHkUu fuf/k;ksa dk xBu rFkk muds ç;kstu(
◊ ys[kk ijh{kdksa dh fu;qfä dk <ax rFkk mudh 'kfä;ka ,oa dk;Z(
◊ vkarfjd ys[kk ijh{kdksa dh fu;qfä dk <ax rFkk mudh 'kfä;ka ,oa dk;Z(
◊ tc fdlku mRiknd laxBu ifjlekiu ds v/khu gks] rc fuf/k;ksa ds fuLrkaj.k dk rjhdk( vkSj
◊ fdlku mRiknd laxBu dks Hkax djus dk rjhdk A

37
ANNEXURE 8
OUTLINE FOR INCEPTION REPORT
and registration processes are annexed to this Policy.
1. Introduction short and medium term credit for working capital
2. Project objectives, goals, indicators
and provide
3. Project a detailed roadmap to achieve the
timeline achieve 100% financial inclusion for members of
4. Detailed activity plan
However,
5. ProjectState
budgetGovernments are free to develop
expenditure plan
6. Project team – spearhead team structure, payment terms,provisions of the
gender balance, law relating
functions to the registration,
and responsibilities
same.
7. Organisational structure and responsibilities at various levels – project implementation structure and relations with
organisational existing structure
IN
8. SUPPORTING FPOs
Project monitoring mechanisms
SUPPORTING FPOS
9. Project capacity and Cooperation
enhancement plans (DAC),
10. Project risks and challenges formation of FPOs on a large scale through Centrally-
of
11.FPOs.
Project operational business rules and procedures
5.2 Small Farmers’
12. Project Agribusiness
audit and Consortium (SFAC),
process reviews be taken by State Governments to support and
to time.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
çkjafHkdçfrosnu dh :ijs[kk ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
1- çLrkouk ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
2- ifj;kstuk ds mís';] y{;] ladsr esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
3- ifj;kstuk dh le; lhek
4- foLr`r xfrfof/k ;kstuk rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
5- ifj;kstuk ctV O;; ;kstuk Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
6- ifj;kstuk ny & vxqvk ny lajpuk] Hkqxrku dh 'krsaZ] ySafxd larqyu] dk;Z ,oa ftEesnkfj;ka
7- fofHkUu Lrjksa ij laxBukRed lajpuk ,oa ftEessnkfj;ka & ifj;kstuk dk;kZ5-Uo;u ,Qihvks
lajpuk rFkkdhlalgk;rk djus eslaa jdspukaæ dsljdkj dh
xBu dh fo|eku
lkFk laca/k laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
8- ifj;kstuk fuxjkuh ra= ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
9- ifj;kstuk {kerk o`f) laca/kh ;kstuk,a ds :i esa dke djsxkA
10- ifj;kstuk ds tksf[ke ,oa pqukSfr;ka 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
11- ifj;kstuk çpkyu ls lacaf/kr dkjksckj fu;e ,oa dk;Zfof/k;ka lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
12- ifj;kstuk dh ys[kk ijh{kk rFkk çfØ;kvksa dh leh{kk çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
tk,xkA
dke djrs gSaA
INSTITUTIONAL MATURITY INDEX FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
FPO INSTITUTIONAL MATURITY INDEX COMPUTATION
1
CATEGORY
Financial & Business
INDICATOR
Total annual sales
PREAMBLE UNIT
Lakhs
Efficiency Gross margin (Direct Income {income from direct sales} – Direct Costs) Lakhs
Net profit Lakhs
Current ratio (Current assets to Current liabilities) Ratio
Debt - equity Ratio Ratio
Ratio of grants to turnover Ratio
Break-even sales Lakhs
technology and inputs and
Operational margin ( sale+ closing stock-opening stock purchases- direct cost)
markets.
Lakhs
Department of 2.4
Inventory turnover ratio Agriculture and Cooperation, MinistryRatio of Agriculture,
Operational self sufficiency Govt. of India has identified%farmer producer
Financial self sufficiency organisation registered under the%special provisions 2.5
Debt service coverage of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate
Ratio
2 Members Economics Ratio of member realisation (wages + purchase institutional form
price + bonus, paidaround which to
to members) mobilize farmers
Ratio
to total turnover
Average per member realisation Thousands 3.
PART TWO
Net profit per member Lakh
Per member turnover Lakh
3.1
Non-member procurement This policy document is meant to % serve as a reference
andtheguide
Income (realisation-cost at member level) from to Central
enterprise andto State
to member total Government
% agencies
income of member which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
Total members to total potential members %
Average member procurement to average member production Lakh or Qty
OPTIONAL INDICATORS FOR ALL ENTERPRISES 3.2
3 Institutional Membership of the enterprise Number
Active members to total members %
Attendance in board meeting %
Members attending General Body meeting %
Legal compliances met to total number of legal compliances prescribed %
4 Sustainability Renewable energy to total energy %
Recyclable material to total material % produce, through 4.
and realize higher returns for their
Pollution control compliance collective action supported Yes/Noby the government, 4.1
Compliance with organic certification/fair trade and fruitful collaboration withYes/No
academia, research
Total reserves created agencies, civil society andLakhs the private sector.
5 Social Indicators Marginalised communities covered to total members of enterprise (caste) %
2. MISSION
Number of leaders from marginalised communities %
Poor households to total members of enterprise (Economic marginalisation) %
Increased availability of disposable income with members %
Members covered with insurance - life/health/accident %
(FPOs)
Income used for education/health %

vuqca/k&9
laLFkkfud ifjiDork lwpdkad
fdlku mRiknd laxBu laLFkkfud ifjiDork lwpdkad dh x.kuk
Øe la- Js.kh ladsr ;wfuV
1 foÙkh; ,oa dqy okf"kZd fcØh yk[k
dkjksckj ldy lhekar ¼lh/kh vk;&lh/kh fcØh ls vk;&lh/kh ykxr½ yk[k
n{krk
'kq) ykHk yk[k
orZeku vuqikr ¼orZeku ns;rkvksa ds vuqikr esa orZeku ifjlaifÙk;ka½ vuqikr
_.k & 'ks;j iwath vuqikr vuqikr
dkjksckj ds fy, vuqnku dk vuqikr vuqikr
gkfujfgr O;kikj fcØh yk[k
çpkyu lhekar ¼fcØh $ lekfIr HkaMkj & çkjafHkd HkaMkj Ø; & lh/kh ykxr½ yk[k
eky lwph&Ø; o foØ; vuqikr vuqikr
Lo;a dh çpkyukRed i;kZIrrk çfr'kr
Lo;a dh foÙkh; i;kZIrrk çfr'kr
_.k lsok O;kfIr vuqikr
2 lnL;ksa dk dqy Ø; o foØ; esa lnL;ksa dh olwyh ¼etnwjh $Ø; dher $ cksul] ftldk Hkqxrku gtkj
vFkZ ra= lnL;ksa dks fd;k tkrk gS½ dk vuqikr
çfr lnL; vkSlr olwyh yk[k
çfr lnL; 'kq) ykHk yk[k
Hkkx nks
çfr lnL; Ø; o foØ; çfr'kr
xSj lnL; vf/kçkfIr çfr'kr
lnL; dh dqy vk; esa lnL; ds m|e ls çkIr vk; ¼lnL; ds Lrj ij olwyh & ykxr½ çfr'kr
dqy laHkkfor lnL;ksa ds vuqikr esa dqy lnL;& çfr'kr
lnL;ksa ds vkSlr mRiknu dh rqyuk esa lnL;ksa ls vkSlr [kjhn ,oa olwyh yk[k ;k ek=k
lHkh m|eksa ds fy, oSdfYid ladsr
3 laLFkkfud m|e dh lnL;rk la[;k
dqy lnL;ksa esa lfØ; lnL;ksa dk vuqikr çfr'kr
cksMZ dh cSBd esa mifLFkfr çfr'kr
fu/kkZfjr dkuwuh vuqikyu dh dqy la[;k ds vuqikr esa dkuwuh vuqikyu çfr'kr
4 laiks”k.kh;rk dqy ÅtkZ esa uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ dk vuqikr çfr'kr
dqy lkefxz;ksa esa iqupZØ.kh; lkexzh dk vuqikr çfr'kr
çnw”k.k fu;a=.k laca/kh vuqikyu gka@ugha
dkcZfud çek.k@mfpr O;kikj dk vuqikyu gka@ugha
l`ftr fd;k x;k dqy lap; yk[k
5 lkekftd m|e ds dqy lnL;ksa dh rqyuk esa 'kkfey fd, x, lhekar leqnk; ¼tkfr½ çfr'kr
ladsr lhekar leqnk;ksa ls usrkvksa dh la[;k çfr'kr
m|e ds dqy lnL;ksa esa xjhc ifjokjksa dh la[;k ¼vkfFkZd lhek fu/kkZj.k½ çfr'kr
lnL;ksa ds ikl fuLrkaj.kh; vk; dh miyC/krk esa o`f) çfr'kr
lnL; ftUgsa chek çnku fd;k x;k & thou chek@LokLF; chek@nq?kZVuk chek çfr'kr
f'k{kk@LokLF; ds fy, ç;qä vk; çfr'kr

39
ANNEXURE 10
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN PROMOTER ORGANIZATION (CONCERNED STATE DEPARTMENT/
SFAC)
and registration processes are annexed AND
to this RESOURCE
Policy. INSTITUTION
short and medium (RI)term credit for working capital
Memorandum of Agreement
Between
Promoter Organization
(Concerned State Department/SFAC )
5.7andDAC will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
Resource Institution (RI)
management
(Empanelled for promotion of Farmer Producerand regulation of FPOs with a view
Organization)
same.
This MOA is entered on this day of ………......…(DD/MM/YY) between ….......……………………………. {Promoter Organization
(Concerned State Department/ SFAC)} and Resource Institution6. ROLE OF STATE
(RI) empanelled GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
for FPO Promotion……………………………...........
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
(Name and Registered address of RI). SUPPORTING FPOS
PREAMBLE 6.1 Besides encouraging State Governments to take up
the nodaltheagency
Whereas Promoter forOrganization
the development and growth
has decided to engage…………………….. (Name of RI) for the work of Promotion of FPOs
of FPOs. Producer Organizations) in the State of …………………. under ……………………………. (Name of Programme)
(Farmers
covering ………………. numbers of farmers.
aTheSociety
ResourceunderInstitutionDAC, will bethatthe
will ensure designated
following strengthen
key activities involved under FPO FPOs:
formation are duly followed :
¸ The selection of districts, blocks and villages will be done by the RI6.1.1 in consultation with theFPOs
concerned State Department (Agriculture/
By declaring at par with cooperatives
technical support,
Horticulture/ training needs, research and
any other).
knowledge
¸ The Clustermanagement
of Villages to beand to create
brought under the linkages
umbrella of FPO should be identified with in one or two blocks in such a way that
the villages aretechnology
contiguous and
to investments, andare within a SFAC
markets. radius will
of about 20 kms). The detailed mapping indicating the location of the clusters
with distances should be made part of Governments,
DPR. benefits and facilities that are extended
provide all- round support to State
¸ The staffing and expenditure on the specified activities should be strictly to member-owned
in conformity institutions
with the process guidelinefrom time
for FPOs.
¸ Qualified manpower should be deployed by the agency for the said task, to time.
which should be supervised and guided by technically
development
qualified and of experienced
FPOs. In particular,
persons. SFAC willthese
A list of createpersons with contact details will have to be submitted to the SFAC within
sustainable
15 days of linkages
execution ofbetween FPOs and inputs
this agreement. 6.1.2 By making provisions for easy issue of
suppliers,
¸ A detailed technology providers,
survey of selected villagesextension and regarding thelicenses
will be conducted to FPOs
socio-economic to tradeprospects
conditions, in inputsand(seed,
problems in
agriculture production.
¸ Selection
players, both of in
farmers will be inand
the public suchprivate
a way that FIGs will be organized on for
sectors. the use
basisofoftheir
homogeneity
members of crop production.
as well Each FIG so
as routing
formed will consist of 15-20 farmers with common interest.
5.3 The mandate
¸ FIGs will beof Nationalinto
organized Cooperative Development
FPOs in accordance with the provisions made in the institutional arrangement specified in Annexure-2
of the process guidelines. FPOs at par with cooperatives.
¸ FIGs/FPOs will be organized keeping in view the project outcomes given at Part 2, Para 8 of the process guidelines.
¸ A formal registered organisation of farmers (either registered as a Producer Company under Ch. IXA of the Companies Act or as
a registered cooperative under any of the state or central laws applicable to cooperatives) will be the final outcome of the FPO
Corporation.
promotion process. Process to be followed to register a producer companyand extending
will be the same asproduction andManual
laid down in the marketing
incorporated
in the process guidelines. subsidies on par with cooperatives.
¸ Funds will be released to the RI after completion of each stage of activity. Resource Institution will ensure that detailed stage wise
of eligible
completion institutions which act
report is submitted alongonwithitsrelease
behalfproposal.
to The6.1.4
RI will By
alsosuitable amendments
be required in theCertificate
to submit Utilization APMC Act of funds
undertake
released price
earlier support purchase
for processing operations.
of release proposals relating to second stage to allow
onwards.direct sale of farm produce by
¸ Costing: The costing of FPO Promotion activities is not on the basis of theFPOs numberat the farmgate,
of FIGs/FPOs to bethrough FPO
organized. owned
Funds will be ear
5.5 DACmarked
will work with Food Corporation of India (FCI)
on the basis of the number of farmers assigned to the RIs who are procurement and marketing centres and forwill be
to be organized into FIGs/FPOs. Cost per farmer
andRsState Governments
3526 for 3 years excluding to professional
encouragefeethem of the to
promoting organization. TDS willcontract
be deducted as per Income Tax Act.
facilitating farming arrangements
include
¸ PromotionFPOs workaswillprocurement agencies
consist of the following stagesunder
of project development, timelines, key activities, deliverables, means of verification
the and
Minimum Support Price (MSP) procurement
fund requirement:
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
çorZd laxBu ¼lacaf/kr jkT; foHkkx@,l,Q,lh½ rFkk lalctV k/ku ,oalaLiaFkk ¼vkjvkbZ
thdj.k ½ ds 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
dh çfØ;k,a
chp le>kSrk Kkiu ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
çorZd laxBu ¼lacaf/kr jkT; foHkkx@,l,Q,lh½esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
rFkk lM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
lalk/ku laLFkk ¼vkjvkbZ½ ds chp le>kSrk Kkiu
¼fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds lao/kZu ds fy, lewg dk Lo;afuekZ
ds .Lora
k½ = fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
;g le>kSrk Kkiu vkt fnukad --------------------- ¼MhMh@,e,e@okbZokbZ½dks ---------------------- ¼çorZd laxBu vFkkZr lacaf/kr jkT; foHkkx@
5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj
,l,Q,lh½ rFkk ---------------- ¼vkjvkbZ dk uke ,oa iath—r irk½ -------------------- fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds lao/kZu ds fy, lewg esa 'kkfey lalk/ku
dh
laLFkku ¼vkjvkbZ½ ds chp fd;k tkrk gSA
çLrkouk ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
tcfd çorZd laxBu us ----------------- ¼fdlkuksa dh la[;k½ dks 'kkfey djrs gq, ------------- ¼dk;ZØedsdk:iuke½ ds rgr
esa dke djsx-------------------
kA ¼jkT;½ esa fdlku
mRiknd laxBu ¼fdlku mRiknd laxBu½ ds lao/kZu ds dk;Z ds fy, ------------------------- ¼vkjvkbZ dk uke½ dks fu;qä djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA
lalk/ku laLFkk ;g lqfuf'pr djsxh fd fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds xBu ds rgr 'kkfey fuEufyf[kr ,oa lgdfjrk çeq[k foHkkx xfrfof/k;ks
ds a vadkrxZfof/kor
r ,dvuqlalLFkk j.k gS] rduhdh
fd;k tkrk gS % lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
◊ vkjvkbZ }kjk ftyksa] Cykdksa ,oa xkaoksa dk p;u lacaf/kr jkT; foHkkx ¼—f"k@ckxokuh@dks çcab/Z kuvU;½
ds lsfy,ijke'kZ vkSj fuos
djds'k fd;k
çkSn~;tk,xkA
ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
◊ fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh N=Nk;k esa yk, tkus okys xkaoksa ds lewg dh igpku ,d ;kLFkkfir nks Cykdks djus ds fy, ,dy lsL=ksdhrds
a ds va n j bl rjg tkuh:ipkfg, esa dke djus ds
fd xkao lehiLFk rFkk yxHkx 20 fdeh dh ifjf/k esa gksaA nwjh ds lkFk lewg ds LFkkufy, dks —f"kn'kkZu,oa s okyklgdkfjrk
foLr`r ekufp=.k
foHkkx dh fpfUgrdk laLFkk gksxhA
Mhihvkj
vax gksuk pkfg,A
◊ fofufnZ"V xfrfof/k;ksa ij O;; rFkk deZpkjh dh rSukrh fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds fy, çfØ;k ,l,Q,lh fn'kkfuns jkT;Z'k dsljdkjks
fcYdqya] vuq,Qihvks
:i gksurFkk h pkfg,A,Qihks ds lao/kZu
◊ mi;qZä dk;Z ds fy, laLFkk }kjk ;ksX; tu'kfä dks rSukr fd;k tkuk pkfg,] ftldk ,oa i;Zofodkl
s{k.k ,oa esekxZ a 'kkfey vU; laL:i
n'kZu rduhdh Fkkavlsksa ;ks
dksX;pgq,oa¡eq[kh lgk;rk
vuqHkoh O;fä;ksa }kjk fd;k tkuk pkfg,A laidZ C;kSjk ds lkFk bu O;fä;ksa dh lwph bl çnkudjkj dsdjsfu"iknuxkA fo'ks ds "15
k :ifnu ds ls] va,l,Q,lh
nj ,l,Q,lh,Qihvks rFkk
dks çLrqr djuh gksxhA futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
◊ lkekftd & vkfFkZd fLFkfr;ksa] laHkkoukvksa rFkk —f"k mRiknu ls tqM+h leL;kvksa ds lacçkSa/knes~;a ksp;fur
fxdh çnkrkvks xkaoksa dka] ,d foLr`,oa
foLrkj r los vuqZ{k.kla/kku
fd;klaLFkkvksa rFkk
tk,xkA foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
◊ fdlkuksa dk p;u bl rjg ls fd;k tk,xk fd ,QvkbZth dks Qly mRiknu dh lekurk ds vk/kkj ij laxfBr fd;k tk,xkA bl rjg
xfBr çR;sd ,QvkbZth esa leku fgr okys 15 ls 20 fdlku gksaxsA rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
◊ ,QvkbZth dks fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa esa çfØ;k fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ds vuqca/k&2 esa fufnZ5-3"Va lajk"Vª
LFkkfud O;oLFkk esa fd,
h; lgdkfjrk fodklx, çko/kkuks
fuxe a dsds vuq lj.k dk;ZØeksa ds
fofHkUu
esa laxfBr fd;k tk,xkA varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
◊ çfØ;k fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ds Hkkx&2] ifjPNsnk&8 esa çnf'kZr ifj.kkeksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ,QvkbZth@fdlku mRiknd laxBu dks laxfBr
fd;k tk,xkA esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
◊ fdlkuksa dk ,d vkSipkfjd :i ls iath—r laxBu ¼;k rks daiuh vf/kfu;e ds v/;k; Mhlh, fodkldsfuxe rgr mRiknd ¼,ulhMhlh½ daiuh dsds :i vf/knsesa 'iak tdk
h—rfoLrkj fd;k
gks] ;k fQj lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ij ykxw fdlh jkT; ;k dsaæh; dkuwuksa ds rgr lgdkjhtk,xkA lfefr ds :i esa iath—r gks½ fdlku mRiknd
laxBu lao/kZu çfØ;k dk vafre ifj.kke gksxkA mRiknd daiuh dks iath—r djkus ds fy, viukbZ tkus okyh çfØ;k ogh gksxh tks çfØ;k
fn'kkfunsZ'kksa esa 'kkfey fu;ekoyh esa nh xbZ gSA 5-4 usQsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
◊ çR;sd Lrj dh xfrfof/k ds iwjk gks tkus ds ckn vkjvkbZ dks fuf/k;ka tkjh dh tk,axdkshA 'kkfey lalk/ku djus laLFkk ds;gfy, dne djs
lqfuf'pr mBk,xk
xh fd tks /ku ewY; leFkZu
tkjh djus ds fy, çLrko ds lkFk foLr`r pj.kokj iw.kZr% çfrosnu çLrqr fd;k tkrk lagSAca/lakh l[kjhnnkjh
k/ku laLFkk dk ls nwdk;Z
ljs pj.k djus,oadsmlls fy,vkxs mldh vksj ls
ds fy, /ku tkjh djus ls lacaf/kr çLrkoksa ds çlaLdj.k ds fy, igys tkjh fd, x, /ku dk
dke djrs gSaAmi;ks x çek.k i= Hkh çLrq r djus dh Hkh
vko';drkgksxhA
◊ ykxr % fdlku mRiknd laxBu lao/kZu ls tqM+h xfrfof/k;ksa dh ykxr laxfBr 5-5 fd, tkus—f"kokys ,oa ,QvkbZ
lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh;
th@fdlku mRiknd [kk| laxBufuxe dh ¼,QlhvkbZ½
la[;k ij vk/kkfjr ugha gSA lalk/ku laLFkk dks vkoafVr fdlkuksa dh la[;k ds vk/kkj ijvkSfuf/k;ka
j jkT;fu/kkZljdkjks fjr dh a tk,a dsxh]lkFk ftUgsa dke
,QvkbZdjs xk rkfd mUgsa
th@
fdlku mRiknd laxBu esa laxfBr fd;k tkuk gSA çfr fdlku ykxr rhu o"kZ ds fy, fofHkUu 3526Qlyks :i,a gks dsxhfy, ftlesU;wa uçorZ
redleFkZ laxBu u ewdkY; ¼,e,lih½
O;olkf;d 'kqYd 'kkfey ugha gSA vk; dj vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj VhMh,l dkVk tk,xkAij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
◊ lao/kZu ds dk;Z esa ifj;kstuk fodkl] le; lhek] çeq[k xfrfof/k;ksa] çkI; ifj.kkeksa] lR;kiu laLFkkvksdsa lk/kuks
sa ds :i a rFkkesfuf/k laca/kh dks
a ,Qihvks vko';drk
'kkfey dsdjus ds fy,
fuEufyf[kr pj.k 'kkfey gksaxsA
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN PROMOTER ORGANIZATION NATIONAL POLICY
(CONCERNED STATE DEPARTMENT/SFAC) AND RESOURCE INSTITUTION (RI)
Time-line Key Activities Deliverables Means of Verification Payment
3 month Stage One: Pre-project Detailed Project Report (i) Submitted DPR 10%
Implementation (Three months)
(i) Baseline on volume, value
(Checklist Provided)
PREAMBLE
(i) List of Product specific clusters
(ii) Meeting minutes and
photographs of meetings
& market access, centrality identified (iii) Inception report
analysis, (ii) Database of farmers prepared,
(ii) Identification of Product computerized and analysed
specific clusters (iii) Various interface table marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
(iii) Feasibility Analysis -break- prepared emerged as one of the most effective pathways
even estimates
(iv) Project Implementation Plan
procurement, inputs, storage most importantly, improved access to investments,
and marketing,
6 month Stage Two: Enhancing (i) Farmers Organized into FIGs, (i) List of FIGs/FIG registers 10%
Capacity & Implementation of Agriculture
LRP identified and training (ii) and
List ofCooperation,
LRP/ BF/LF Ministry of Agriculture,
Surplus Farm Production Plan completed on improvedGovt. of India trained has identified
and ready for farmer producer
(Mobilization Phase) agriculture practices deployment
(i) Village meetings- identify
(ii) FIG formed (min 50%) of target (iii) Training curriculum,
potential farmers, identify (iii) Trained LRP/BF ready forof the Companies
trainingAct, 1956
report & as the most appropriate
opinion leaders deployment in field participant list
(ii) Identification of potential (iv) Farmers Participated in (iv) List of farmers adopting
farmers for FIG & FPOs, LRP/ Improved Agriculture/ and build their capacity
package to collectively leverage their
of practices
BF/LF Identification farming (v) and
vegetable/pulse based production No. of farmers 3.
marketing strength.
PART TWO
(iii) Hand holding support for system supported, areas of
Productivity Increase, IPM/ (v) Farmers realized benefits in demonstration 3.1
INM/ IPP terms of increased yieldThis (vi)document
and policy Six monthlyisreport
meant to serve as a reference
(iv) Identifying Value-proposition less expenditures
for setting FPO (logic of and guide to Central and State Government agencies
collectivization) which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
(v) Exposure Visit of Farmers/
opinion leaders Organisations, especially producer companies and
12 month Stage Three: Pre-formation (i) Min 5 village level agri link them(i)to FIG
business benefits under
meeting various 20%
registers programmes and
potential, gap analysis schemes of the 3.2
Stage of FPO/Collective and Central andlistState Governments.
and shareholders
preparation of FPOs business exercises done. prepared
plan through FIG level exercise (ii) Information documented and (ii) Business Plan available
(i) Demonstration conducted business plan drafted and1. VISION:atToFPObuild level a prosperous
and known and sustainable
on improved agriculture shared with FIGs members agriculture sector
to min by promoting and supporting
10% promoters
practices (iii) 2 modulated trainings imparted and
(ii) Start up shareholders to lead/promoters farmers on (iii) Farmers information list
campaign Business plan enable farmers
prepared to enhance productivity through
(iii) Identification of training (iv) Share money from min 250 efficient, cost-effective
(iv) FPC and sustainable resource use
Accounts Statement
needs & imparting training farmers collected (v) Yearly Report
4.
to promoters and farmers (v) FIGs shown some trends/
of FPO indicators for collective action
(iv) FIGs meeting & orientation (vi) Business Case of FPO/ and fruitful collaboration with academia, research
started for FPO scoping, Collective prepared (checklistagencies, civil society and the private sector.
vision building exercise & provided) Farmers detailed
exposure visit of promoters information list prepared
farmers
2. MISSION
(vii) Share money from 500 farmers
(v) Generate crop-wise collected
household information with
surplus, deficit and gap exists self governing Farmer Producer Organisations
(vi) FPO forming process initiated (FPOs)

çorZd laxBu ¼lacfa /kr jkT; foHkkx@,l,Q,lh½ rFkk lalk/ku laLFkk
¼vkjvkbZ½ ds chp le>kSrk Kkiu
le; çeq[k xfrfof/k;ka çkI; ifj.kke lR;kiu ds lk/ku Hkqxrku

lhek
3 ekg pj.k&1% ifj;kstuk iwoZ dk;kZUo;u ¼3 ekg½ foLr`r ifj;kstuk çfrosnu ¼tkap lwph çnku (i) çLrqr dh xbZ foLr`r 10 izfr'kr
dh xbZ gS½ ifj;kstuk çfrosnu
(i) ek=k] ewY; ,oa cktkj igqap ij vk/kkj (ii) cSBdksa dk dk;Zo`Ùk rFkk fp=
js[kk] dsaæh; Hkwfedk dk fo'ys”k.k (i) mRikn fof'k"V vfHkfpfàr lewgksa dh lwph (ii) çkjafHkd çfrosnu
(ii) mRikkn fof'k"V lewgksa dh igpku (ii) fdlkuksa dk vk/kkj lkexzh ftls rS;kj
(iii) leku vuqekuksa esa foHkkftr laHkkO;rk fd;k x;k gS] daI;wVjh—r fd;k x;k gS
fo'ys”k.k rFkk fo'ys”k.k fd;k x;k gS
(iv) ifj;kstuk dk;kZUo;u dh ;kstuk] [kjhn (iii) rS;kj dh xbZ fofHkUu varjkQyd rkfydk
,oa olwyh] mRiknd lkexzh] HkaMkj.k ,oa
foi.ku
6 ekg pj.k&2% vfrfjä —f"k mRikn ;kstuk dk (i) ,Q vkbZ th esa fdlkuksa dks laxfBr djuk] (i) ,Q vkbZ th dh lwph@,Q 10 izfr'kr
dk;kZUOk;u rFkk {kerk esa o`f) ¼lapsruk pj.k½ LFkkuh; lalk/ku O;fä dh igpku djuk vkbZ th jftLVj
rFkk —f"k çFkkvksa esa lq/kkj ij çf'k{k.k dk (ii) çf'kf{kr ,oa rSukrh ds fy,
(i) xzke cSBdsa & laHkkfor fdlkuksa dh iwjk gksuk rS;kj LFkkuh; lalk/ku
igpku djuk] jk; fuekZrkvksa dh igpku (ii) yf{kr ,Q vkbZ th dk xBu ¼U;wure 50 O;fä@ch,Q@,y ,Q dh
djuk çfr'kr½ lwph
(ii) ,Q vkbZ th ,oa fdlku mRiknd (iii) QhYM esa rSukrh ds fy, çf'kf{kr LFkkuh; (iii) çf'k{k.k ikBîp;kZ] çf'k{k.k
laxBu ds fy, laHkkfor fdlkuksa lalk/ku O;fä@ch,Q dk rS;kj gksuk çfrosnu ,oa çfrHkkfx;ksa dh
dh igpku djuk] LFkkuh; lalk/ku (iv) la'kksf/kr —f"k@lCth@nygu vk/kkfjr lwph
O;fä@ch,Q@,y ,Q dh igpku —f"k ç.kkyh esa fdlkuksa dh Hkkxhnkjh (iv) dk;Zç.kkfy;ksa ds iSdst dks
djuk (v) mit esa o`f) rFkk de O;; dh –f"V ls viukus okys fdlkuksa dh lwph
Hkkx nks
(iii) mRikndrk esa o`f)] vkbZ ,e ih@vkbZ fdlkuksa }kjk ykHk çkIr fd;k tkuk (v) ,sls fdlkuksa dh lwph ftudh
,u ,e@vkbZ ih ih ds fy, O;kogkfjd lgk;rk dh xbZ] çn'kZu ds
lgk;rk {ks=
(iv) fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds xBu ds (vi) Nekgh çfrosnu
fy, ewY; çLrko dh igpku djuk
¼lewghdj.k dk rdZ½
(v) fdlkuksa@jk; fuekZrkvksa ds KkuktZu nkSjs
12 ekg pj.k&3% fdlku mRiknd laxBu@lewg dk (i) U;wure ikap xzke Lrjh; —f"k O;olk; dh (i) ,Q vkbZ th cSBd jftLVj 20 izfr'kr
xBu iwoZ pj.k rFkk ,Q vkbZ th Lrjh; laHkkouk] varj fo'ys”k.k dok;n iwjh dh rFkk rS;kj dh xbZ 'ks;j
dok;n ds ek/;e ls fdlku mRiknd laxBu xbZ /kkjd lwph
dh dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj djuk (ii) lwpuk dks çysf[kr fd;k x;k rFkk (ii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu Lrj
dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj dh xbZ ,oa ,Q ij miyC/k rFkk U;wure 10
(i) la'kksf/kr —f"k çFkkvksa ij lapkfyr çn'kZu vkbZ th ds lnL;ksa ds lkFk lk>k fd;k çfr'kr çorZdksa dks Kkr
(ii) 'ks;j/kkjd vfHk;ku dh 'kq:vkr x;k dkjksckj ;kstuk
(iii)çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa dh (iii) dkjksckj ;kstuk ij nks vxz.kh@çorZd (iii) rS;kj dh xbZ fdlku lwpuk
igpku rFkk fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds fdlkuksa dks vuqdwfyr çf'k{k.k çnku fd;k lwph
çorZdksa ,oa fdlkuksa dks çf'k{k.k çnku x;k (iv) ,Q ih lh ys[kk fooj.k
djuk (iv) U;wure 250 fdlkuksa ls 'ks;j iwath ,d= (v) okf”kZd çfrosnu
(iv) ,Q vkbZ th cS B d ,oa çcks / ku ftls dh xbZ
fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds dk;Z (v) ,Q vkbZ th us lkewfgd dkjZokbZ ds fy,
{ks= ds fuekZ.k] utfj, ds fuekZ.k dqN :>kuksa@ladsrdksa dk çn'kZu fd;k
la c a /kh dok;n rFkk çorZd fdlkuks a (vi) fdlku mRiknd laxBu@lewg ds dkjksckj
ds KkuktZu nkSjks a ds fy, 'kq: fd;k ekeys rS;kj fd, x, ¼tkap lwph çnku dh
x;k xbZ gS½] fdlkuksa dh foLràr lwpuk lwph
(v) vfrjsd] deh ,oa fo|eku varj ds rS;kj dh xbZ
lkFk Qlyokj ifjokj lwpuk l`ftr (vii) 500 fdlkuksa ls 'ks;j iwath ,d= dh xbZ
djuk
(vi) fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds xBu dh
çfØ;k dh 'kq:vkr

41
Time-line
viable Key Activities
producer owned FPOs. Deliverables operations for various
Means of Verification
crops. Payment
18 Month Stage Four: FPO formation Stage (i) Demonstration of Farmer (i) Demo Farmers List 10%
4.2 Detailed guidelines for the
(i) Identification promotion of FPOs,
of FPO 5.6 toDAC
Patronage and
Project its designated
Concept agencies
(ii) Minutes of FG andwill work with
including methodology
promoters by of FIGs
selecting RIs, budgets (70% repeatNABARD
farmers and other financial institutions
associative to direct
tier meetings,
(ii) Initiation
and registration processes of statutory
are annexed to this(ii)Policy.
process Collectivization arrangements
short and medium term photographs
credit for working capital
required for formation of FPO (FPO) Instituted (iii) List of shareholders
These are meant like to guide the
attainment Central
of PAN, DIN ofand(iii) State
Share moneyand frominfrastructure
750 farmers investment needs of FPOs. DAC
Government agenciesDirectorsengaged
etc in FPO promotion collected will also work with all relevant stakeholders to
and provide a detailed roadmap to achieve Institutional
(iii) Stabilize New Surplus (iv) the achieve 100%
Arrangements for financial inclusion for members of
Production System & Farmers Market Access Placed
in 2nd Crop Cycle (v) Training conducted for farmers
Central schemes are being
(iv) Finalizing list ofused to promote FPOs.
FIG members 5.7 DAC will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
However, StatewillingGovernments
to join FPOsare andfree
startto develop
share money collectionto support FPOs other stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
their own independent guidelines
(v) Membership drive continues provisions of the law relating to the registration,
and framing of Bye-laws/MoA management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same. /AoA, incorporation of FPO
(vi) Training of FIG members
5. ROLE OF CENTRAL promoters on FPOs
Month Stage Five: 6. ROLEoffice/outlets
OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
24SUPPORTING
IN FPOs(FPO establishment (i) FPOs established, (i) Minutes of meeting FIG 10%
stage) opened SUPPORTING FPOS subscription to FPO/
5.1 Department(i)of Agriculture
Physical establishment of FPO (ii)
and Cooperation FPO/Collective/ Aggregation
(DAC), collective
(ii) CB & inputs need assessment Structure Besides encouraging
6.1Placed (ii) State Governments
Registration & to take up
(iii) Strengthening FPO – (iii) FIG membersformation
deposited of FPOs on aCompliances
their large scale through Centrally-
the nodal agency for theservices
providing development
for systemand growthshare moneysponsored and State-financed
(iii) Business Plan with key
programmes and
of FPOs. development (Operating (iv) Certificate of FPO incorporation business processes
System, MIS, HR), awarded schemes, DAC suggests (iv) List ofthe
buyersfollowing
consulted,steps to
5.2 Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium
(iv) Business Planning Exercise (SFAC), be taken
(v) 1 General Body Meeting
st by State Governments
meeting reportto & support and
Market Linkages for Produce
a Society under DAC, will be the designated conducted within 90 days of
strengthen FPOs: outcome (MoU on price,
(v) Interface with buyers/ incorporation volume and grading
marketers 6.1.1 applied
(vi) FPOs have formally By declaring(v)FPOs at par
Minutes withregister
of BoDs cooperatives
technical support, training
(vi) Increasing FPO’sneeds,
equity research and to SFAC for equity matching (vi) Due diligence report
knowledge management andgrants
though matching to create
from linkagesgrants submitted to SFAC and
SFAC (vii) FPOs successfully and in
passed self-help matching
groups/federations
grant released for all
due diligence report benefits
prepared and facilities
to FPOs that are extended
provide all- round support to State Governments, by Charter Accountants and
FPOs and other entities engaged in promotion and submitted to SFAC
to time.
development
30 Month Stageof FPOs.
Six: In particular, SFAC willBusiness
create Plan (i) Business Plan – including 20%
sustainable(i)linkages between
Implementation FPOs and (i)
of business inputs 6.1.2 activities
Min 25% business By making provisions for easy issue of
financing plan
plan of FPO
suppliers, technology providers, extension and executed as per planlicenses to (ii) FPOs Regulatory
to tradeapprovals for (seed,
in inputs
(ii) Statutory Clearance obtained FPO activities
research agencies and marketing and processing fertilizer, farm
required to carry out business
machinery, pesticides etc.)
(iii) Certificates from concern
players, both in the public and private sectors.activities for use of their apartments
members obtained
as well as routing
the supply (iv)
(iii) Operating System grounded of agricultural inputs
Farmers Field Book through
(FFB)
5.3 The mandate of National Cooperative Development (iv) Minimum 10% targetFPOs at par(v)with
farmers Increased business
cooperatives.
Corporation (NCDC) will be expanded to include accessed improved agriculture turnover of FPOs and
FPOs in the list of eligible institutions which receiveservices 6.1.3 By using FPOsreflected
including better in MIS andof certified
as producers
access to market Balance sheet
(vi) Pre project ends report)
Corporation.
36 Months Stage Seven : Phase-out Systems (i) Agreement executed between
and extending production and marketing
(i) Copy of Agreement 20%
for post-project sustainability subsidies
RI & LPO for longterm support on par with of
(ii) Minutes cooperatives.
BoD Register
(ii) BoDs passed resolution for long (iii) FPCs balance sheet
of eligible institutions which act on its behalfterm 6.1.4 By suitable (iv)
to agreement amendments in theand
BoD, AGM registers APMC Act
undertake price support purchase operations. (iii) FPCs & shareholdersto haveallow directSatisfactory
sale of farm produce
Reports of by
started getting income
FPOsfromatthe Auditors through FPO owned
the farmgate,
5.5 DAC will work with Food Corporation of India (FCI) business activities and showing (v) Project ends report
and State Governments to encourage themgrowth to track
include FPOs as procurement agencies (iv) FPOs are regular in BoD
under
between
meetings, AGM, internal Audits FPOs and bulk buyers.
the Minimum Support Price (MSP) procurement and Statutory Audits with
minimum deviation
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
le; çeq[k xfrfof/k;ka çkI; ifj.kke 4-2 ,Qihvks lR;kiuds lads
o/kZulk/ku ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns
Hkqxrku 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
lhek lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
18 ekg pj.k&4% fdlku mRiknd laxBu pj.k (i) ifj;kstuk ladYiuk ds çfr fdlkuksa ds ctV(i),oaMseiakstfdlku
hdj.k lwdh ph çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
10 izfr'kr
(i) ,Q vkbZ th }kjk fdlku mRiknd laxBu laj{k.k dk çn'kZu ,Qihvks(ii) ds
,Qlath
o/kZu,oaeslaa 'kkfey
c) fV;jdscSæa Bdks
ljdkj
a ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
ds çorZdksa dh igpku (ii) lewghdj.k dh O;oLFkk,a ¼,Qihvks½ 'kq: ladhLFkkvksa dk
ds dk;Z
ekxZon`Ù'kZk] uQksdjuk
VksxzkQ rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
(ii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds xBu ds fy, xbZ (iii) ‘ks;j /kkjdksa dh lwph
visf{kr lkafof/kd çfØ;k dh 'kq:vkr] tSls fd (iii) 750 fdlkuksa ls 'ks;j iwath ,d= dh xbZesAa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
funs'kdksa dk iSu] Mh vkbZ ,u vkfn çkIr djuk (iv) cktkj igqap ds fy, laLFkkfud O;oLFkk,alM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
(iii) nwljs Qly pØ esa ubZ vfrfjä mRiknu LFkkfir dh xbZa fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
ç.kkyh ,oa fdlkuksa dk fLFkjhdj.k (v) fdlkuksa ds fy, çf'k{k.k dk vk;kstu fd;k
(iv) fdlku mRiknd laxBu esa 'kkfey gksus ds x;k
bPNqd ,Q vkbZ th ds lnL;ksa dh lwph dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
dks vafre :i nsuk rFkk 'ks;j iwath ,d= Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
djus dk dk;Z 'kq: djuk
(v) lnL;rk vfHk;ku tkjh j[kuk rFkk
midkuwuks@ a ,e vks ,@, vks , dk çf'k{k.k] 5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk fuxeu laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
(vi) fdlku mRiknd laxBu ij ,Q vkbZ th
ds lnL; çorZdksa dk çf'k{k.k 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
24 ekg pj.k&5% fdlku mRiknd laxBu LFkkiuk pj.k (i)
fdlku mRiknd laxBu LFkkfir fd, x,] ljdkj (i) ,Qihvks
cSBd dk dk;Z o`Ùk] fdlku
ds fodkl ,oa çxfr 10 izdsfr'kr
fy, ç/kku laLFkk
(i) fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh HkkSfrd dk;kZy;@vkmVysV [kksys x, mRiknd laxBu@lewg esa ,Q
LFkkiuk (ii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu@lewg@lewgu
ds :i es a dke djs
vkbZ th dk va'knku x kA
(ii) lh ch mRiknd lkexzh laca/kh vko';drk lajpuk LFkkfir dh xbZ (ii)
5-2 y?kq —"kdthdj.k ia —f"k ,oaO;olk; vuqikyuifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
dk ewY;kadu (ii) ,Q vkbZ th ds lnL;ksa us viuh 'ks;j iwt
a h tek dh (iii) dkjksckj dh çeq[k çfØ;kvksa
(iii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk lq–<+hdj.k & (iv) fdlku mRiknd laxBu ds fuxeu dk ,oa lgdfjrk ds lkFk foHkkx dkjksckj ds ;kstvaukrxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
ç.kkyh fodkl ds fy, lsok,a çnku djuk çek.k i= çnku fd;k x;k lgk;rk]
(iv) ,sçf'k{k.k
ls Øsrkvksa dhlaclwa/pkhh ftuls
vko';drkvks
laidZ a] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
¼çpkyu ra=] ,e vkbZ ,l] ,p vkj½ (v) fuxeu ds 90 fnu ds vanj 'kklh fudk;çca/ku dsfd;k x;k] cS
B d dk çfrosn u
fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
(iv) dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj djus dh dok;n] dh igyh cSBd vk;ksftr dh xbZ ,oa ifj.kke ¼dher] ek=k ,oa
mRikn ds fy, cktkj lgyXurk (vi) fdlku mRiknd laxBu us vkSipkfjd :i
Js.khdj.k ij ,e vks ;w½
(v) Øsrkvksa@foØsrkvksa ds lkFk laca/k LFkkfir ls 'ks;j iwath lerqY; vuqnku ds fy, ,l fy, (v)—f"kch,oa lgdkfjrk
vks Mh ds dk;Zo`Ùka foHkkxdk dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
djuk ,Q , lh ds ikl vkosnu fd;k gS ,l,Q,lh jftLVj jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
(vi) ,l ,Q , lh ls lerqY; vuqnku ds (vii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu us lunh ys[kkdkjks,oa (vi) ,l es
a fodkl ,Qa 'kkfey
, lh dks vU; çLrqr~ leq
laLfpr
Fkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
ek/;e ls fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ leqfpr v/;olk; çfrosnu v/¸olk; çfrosnu rFkk fdlku
'ks;j iwath esa o`f) djuk dks lQyrkiwod Z ikl fd;k gS rFkk bls ,l çnku djs
mRiknd laxBu dks tkjh fd;k,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
x kA fo'ks " k :i ls ]
,Q , lh ds ikl tek fd;k x;k gS futh ,oax;k lkoZlerqtYfud
; vuqnnkskuuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
30 ekg pj.k&6% dkjksckj ;kstuk çkSn~;(i)ksfxdh
dkjksçnkrkvks a] foLrkja foÙkh;
ckj ;kstuk&ftles ,oa vuq
20 l a/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
izfr'kr
(i) fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh dkjksckj (i) ;kstuk ds vuqlkj dkjksckj dh U;wure foi.ku 25 ;ks t uk 'kkfey gS
,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
;kstuk dk dk;kZUo;u çfr'kr xfrfof/k;ka laiUu dh xbZ (ii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh
rFkk laca/xfrfof/k;ks
kksa dk là tdsufy,djsfofu;ked xkA
(ii) dkjksckj lapkfyr djus ds fy, visf{kr
lkafof/kd Loh—fr çkIr dh xbZ 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk vuqeksnu
(iii)
fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
lacaf/kr vikVZesaV ls çek.k i=
(iii) lapkyu ra= yxk, x,
varxZr lgk;rk çkIr fd,çkIr x, djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
(iv) U;wure 10 çfr'kr cM+s fdlkuksa us —f"k
lsokvksa esa lq/kkj dk ewY;kadu fd;k ftlesa es a ,Qihvks
(iv) fdlku dks 'kkfey
QhYMj cqd ¼,Q djus,Q dsch½ fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
cktkj rd csgrj igqap 'kkfey gS (v) fdlku mRiknd la
fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;kx Bu ds
O;kikj Ø; o foØ; esa o`f)
tk,xkA rFkk mls ,e vkbZ ,l ,oa
5-4 usQsM(vi)¼,u,,QbMh½rqyu i= esa n'kkZ ,sl;hk ik= x;k laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
ifj;kstuk ds var dk çfrosnu
36 ekg pj.k&7% ifj;kstuk i'pkr laiks”k.kh;rk ds fy, (i) nh?kZ vof/k dh lgk;rk ds fy, lalk/ku laLdks Fkk 'kkfey
(i) djkjdjus ds fy, dne mBk,xk
dh çfrfyfi 20 izfr'kr tks ewY; leFkZu
ç.kkfy;ka 'kq: djuk ,oa ,y ih vks ds chp djkj fd;k x;k laca/kh(ii)[kjhnnkjh ch vks Mh dsdkdk;Zdk;Z o`Ùk dkdjus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
(ii) nh?kZ vof/k ds djkj ds fy, funs'kd eaMdke y djrsjftLVj gSaA
us ladYi ikfjr fd;k (iii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu dk
(iii) fdlku mRiknd laxBu ,oa 'ks;5-5 j /kkjdks—f"k
a ,oa lgdkfjrk
rqyu i= foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
us dkjksckj dh xfrfof/k;ksa ls vk; çkfIrvkSj (iv) jkT;ch vksljdkjksMh] ,th,e a dsjftLVj lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
djuk rFkk fodkl dh :>ku dks çnf'kZr rFkk ys[kk ijh{kdksa dh
djuk 'kq: dj fn;k gS fofHkUu Qlyks larks”kçna ds fjiksVfy,saZ U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
(iv) fdlku mRiknd laxBu fu;fer :i ls ij [kjhnnkjh
(v) ifj;kstuk ds varodk
dh dkjZ kb;ksçfros
a dsnuvarxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
funs'kd eaMy dh cSBdks]a ,th,e] vkarfjdlaLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
ys[kk ijh{kkvksa rFkk lkafof/kd ys[kk ijh{kkvks
çksaRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA
esa U;wure fopyu ds lkFk Hkkx ys jgs gSa
NATIONAL POLICY
FPOs mobilized and registered will be purely member-owned farmer bodies and will not be considered
Government owned or Government promoted institutions. Hence grants provided in the equity of FPOs are
one-time support measures designed to ensure the viability of FPOs.
Funding to the RIs is strictly for mobilization of FPOs and no further support for meeting recurring liability of any
PREAMBLE
kind will be provided beyond the period specified for the project. All staff engaged during the project period
will be contracted by the RI and will not have any claim whatsoever on the government.
The RI shall not be entitled to sublet the work assigned to it to any other agency. of producers, especially small and
Collectivization
This MOU will be deemed as complete only after the project endmarginal report is farmers,
approvedinto producer
by State organisations has
Government. 2.3
DISPUTE RESOLUTION most importantly, improved access to investments,
A Joint Committee comprising of MD SFAC or Secretary of the State technology
Govt. (inand
caseinputs andofmarkets.
the work Department of
FPO promotion 2.4
has been directly contracted by a State Govt.) and CEO of RI willAgriculture discuss disputes and resolve Ministry
and Cooperation, them amicably
of Agriculture,
in the best interests of the project through consensus. In case they Govt.areofnot able has
India to reach a consensus,
identified farmer thenproducer
the procedure laid down under the Indian Arbitration Act will be organisation followed for resolving the dispute.
registered under the special provisions 2.5
of the
In witness thereof the parties hereto have signed this MOA on the date, month and yearCompanies Act, 1956
mentioned against as the most
their respective appropriate
signatures.
3.
PART TWO
3.1
3.2
For Resource Institution 1. VISION: To build For aPromoting

prosperous and sustainable
Organisation
Witness Witness
4.
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

laxfBr ,oa iath—r fdlku mRiknd laxBu fo'kq) lnL;ksa ds LokfeRo okys fdlku fudk; gksaxs rFkk mUgsa ljdkj ds LokfeRo okyh
;k ljdkj }kjk laof/kZr laLFkk ugha ekuk tk,xkA blfy,] fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh 'ks;j iwath esa çnku fd, x, vuqnku ,d
eq'r lgk;rk ds :i esa gSa ftudk mís'; fdlku mRiknd laxBu dh O;ogk;Zrk lqfuf'prdjuk gSA
lalk/ku laLFkkvksa dk foÙk iks"k.k dsoy fdlku mRiknd laxBu dks laxfBr djus ds fy, gS rFkk ifj;kstuk ds fy, fu/kkZfjr vof/k
ds ckn fdlh çdkj dh vkorhZ ns;rk dks iwjk djus ds fy, vkxs dksbZ lgk;rk çnku ugha dh tk,xhA ifj;kstuk vof/k ds nkSjku
dke ij yxk, x, lHkh deZpkjh lalk/ku laLFkku }kjk lafonk—r gksaxs rFkk os ljdkj ij fdlh Hkh çdkj dk dksbZ nkok ugha djsaxsA
lalk/ku laLFkk Lo;a dks vkoafVr dk;Z dks fdlh vU; laLFkk ls djok dj nsus ds fy, gdnkj ugha gksxhA
bl ,evks;w dks rHkh iw.kZ le>k tk,xk tc jkT; ljdkj }kjk ifj;kstuk lekfIr çfrosnu vuqeksfnr dj nh tkrh gSA
fookn lek/kku
,l,Q,lh ds ,eMh ;k jkT; ljdkj ds lfpo ¼;fn fdlku mRiknd laxBu lao/kZu dk dk;Z jkT; ljdkj }kjk lh/ks lafonk—r
fd;k x;k gS½ vkSj lalk/ku laLFkk ds lhbZvks ls cuh ,d la;qä lfefr fooknksa ij ppkZ djsxh rFkk loZlEefr ls ifj;kstuk ds
loksZÙke fgr esa mudk lkSgknZiw.kZ <ax ls lek/kku djsxhA ;fn muds chp loZlEefr ugha gks ikrh gS] rks fookn ds lek/kku ds fy,
Hkkjrh; e/;LFkrk vf/kfue; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr çfØ;k dk vuqlj.k fd;k tk,xkA
blds lk{kh ds :i esa blls lac) i{kdkjksa us vius&vius gLrk{kj ds le{k mfYyf[kr frfFk] ekg ,oa o"kZ dks bl ,evks;w ij
gLrk{kj fd;k gSA
Hkkx nks
lalk/ku laLFkk ds fy, çorZd laxBu ds fy,
xokg xokg

43
3
3
mRiknd daiuh
LFkkfir djus
ds fy, lalk/ku iqfLrdk
mRiknd daiuh
LFkkfir djus
ds fy, lalk/ku iqfLrdk
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This manual has been developed by Action for Social Advancement (ASA), Bhopal and the
institution has kindly permitted its inclusion in this document for wider circulation.
vkHkkj
;g fu;e iqfLrdk lkekftd mUufr ds fy, dk;Zokgh ¼,,l,½] Hkksiky }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ gS rFkk mä laLFkku us O;kid ifjpkyu
ds fy, bl nLrkost esa bldks 'kkfey djus ds fy, viuh vuqefr çnku dh gSA
—f"k
Dept. ,oa lgdkfjrkand
of Agriculture foHkkx | Hkkjr ljdkj
Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA 49
45
INTRODUCTION
The project of “Organic Production of Under utilized requirement and running costs for a producer company.
Medicinal, Aromatic and Natural Dye Plants Programme Chapter-4 explains the process of developing business
for Sustainable Livelihoods in South Asia” (MADP) is plan of producer companies taking into consideration of
being implemented in India and Bhutan by the Food market and various financial assessment, and Chapter-5
and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. provides some practical guidelines for the assessment
The project is funded by a Technical Assistance Grant 5.7 DAC
of institutional
will work withhealth
Ministry
of the
of Corporate
producer companies.
Affairs and
from the IFAD for conversion to organic farming other stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
systems incorporating MADPs (Medicinal, Aromatic provisions The whole ofidea the behind
law relating
this resource
book is not to
and Natural Dyes) of the area; adding value on farm; management provide prescription,
and regulation
as the Producer
of FPOs
Companies
with a viewrequire
same.
processing for further value addition; establishing quality to context specific
fostering strategic
fast paced interventions
growth of FPOs. (like any other
and traceability aspects of certification; formation of community institutions), which is best manoeuvred by
business platform of producers; marketing of the produce 6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT
the practitioners INSTITUTIONS
working in a given situation,INbut to
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
of all sites with primacy to meeting the needs of the SUPPORTING FPOS guidelines in establishing a PC.
provide a methodical
5.1 Department
community for of Agriculture and Cooperation
nutrition, health, (DAC),
increased purchasing Thus, this resource book should not be considered as
Ministry
power and of Agriculture, Govt. of India will act as
sustained livelihoods. a sole source of information. It is suggested that the
the nodal agency for the development and growth interested users also seek details of legal compliances
of
TheFPOs.
FAO has sought the services of Action for Social related with company affairs, available at the website
Advancement (ASA), a non-governmental organisation, of Ministry of Corporate Affairs (www.mca.gov.in).
pioneer in setting up the Producer companies in India,
to: prepare a resource book to guide the users on how
to develop producer companies including financial 6.1.1 By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
and economic assessment before establishing a PC registered under the relevant State legislation
of small producers. and self-help groups/federations for all
This resource book deals with the processes to be to member-owned institutions from time
followed and preparations required to set up a producer to time.
PART THREE
company. The resource book is developed based on
the experiences of ASA in developing a series of PCs in
Madhya Pradesh and Bihar and from the lessons learnt
during their feasibility assessment study of setting up
a PC in a MADP project site at Karnataka.
Corporation
As per the Terms (NCDC)ofwill
Reference
be expanded (ToR)toprovides,
include the
FPOs
following
in theaspects
list of eligible
have been
institutions
coveredwhich
in this Resource 6.1.3 By using FPOs as producers of certified
receive
support
book. The under
resource
the various
book programmes
contains fourofchapters.
the seed, saplings and other planting material
Corporation.
Chapter-1 deals with the generic issues in regard to need and extending production and marketing
of farmers collectives, genesis of Producer Companies subsidies on par with cooperatives.
Act., key differences in characteristics between producer
companies and cooperatives, Chapter-2 describes the
processes need to be followed and the preparations
5.5 DAC
required
will work
at the
withfield
Foodlevel
Corporation
for the ofincorporation
India (FCI) of
and
the company.
State Governments
The chapter to also
encourage
focusesthem
on theto legal
include
requirementFPOsforasestablishing
procurement a company
agenciesand under
process
the Minimum
involved Support Price
in it. Chapter-3 (MSP)the
assesses procurement
working capital
& PROCESS andFOR
ORGANISATIONS 51
ifjp; 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds lao/kZu ds fy, ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
la;äq jk"Vª ds [kk| vkSj —f"k laxBu }kjk Hkkjr vkSj HkwVku esa dkjksckj ;kstuk fodflr laLFkkvksa djus
dk ekxZdhn'kZçfØ;ku djukdksrFkk Li"Vfo'ksfd;k
"k :i x;kls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
nf{k.k ,f'k;k esa laiks"k.kh; thfodk ds fy, de ç;qä vkS"k/kh;] gS rFkk v/;k;&5 esesa a ,Qihvks
mRikndds da fuekZ ifu;ks
.k dsa ds liuslaLdksFkkfud
lkdkjLokLF;
djus ds fy, foLr`r
lqxfa /kr ,oa çk—frd jax ikni dk;ZØe ds rgr dkcZfud mRiknu ds ewY;kadu ds fy, lM+d dqNekufp=
O;kogkfjd çnku fn'kkfuns
djuk gSZ'ktcfn,dsæa x,h; gS;ksaAtuk ds rgr
¼,e,Mhih½ uked ifj;kstuk dk;kZfUor dh tk jgh gSA ;g bl lalk/ku iqLrdfuf/k;ks a dk laç;ksi.w xkZ ,Qihvks
ds ihNs mís'; ;g ds laugha
o/kZugSdsfdfy,uqLfd;k
[kk tk jgk gksA
ifj;kstuk fuEufyf[kr ds fy, vkbZ,Q,Mh dh rduhdh lgk;rk çnku fd;k tk,] rFkkfi] D;ksfd mRiknd daifu;ksa dks lanHkZ fof'k"VctV ls fuf/k;ksa
;fn jkT; ljdkjs a blds fy, jkT; ds
vuqnku ls foÙk iksf"kr gS& {ks= ds ,e,Mhih ¼vkS"k/kh;] lqxfa /kr rFkk dk;Zuhfrd gLr{ksiksdk
a dhç;kst:jr
x dj jgh gksrhgS]a gSrks¼fdlh
os ,Qihvks
vU; dhlkeqlgk;rk
nkf;d ds fy, vius
çk—frd jax½ ikniksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq, dkcZfud [ksrh dh i) laLFkk dh rjg½] ftls Lo;afdlhds Lorafuf'pr
= fn'kkfuns ifjfLFkfr esa dke djusdsokys
'
Z k fodflr djus fy, Lora= gSAa
fr;ksa dks viuh [ksrh ds ewY; esa o`f) djuk( ewY; o`f) ds fy, çSfDV'kuj }kjk loksRZ re <ax ls rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS] vfirq bldk
çlaLdj.k dk ç;ksx djuk( çek.ku ds xq.koÙkk ,oa irk yxkus ;ksX; mís'; mRiknd 5- dai,Qihvks
uh LFkkfirdhdjus lgk;rkesa fof/k djus
lac/a kh esfn'kkfuns
a dsaæ ljdkj
'Z k dh
igyqvksa dks LFkkfir djuk( mRikndksa ds O;olk; eapksa dk xBu çnku djuk gSA bl laLçdkj]
Fkkvksa bldh laHkwlfedk k/ku iqLrd dks lwpuk ds
djuk( iks"k.k] LokLFk] vf/kd Ø; 'kfä rFkk LFkk;h thfodk ds fy, ,dek= lzkrs ds :i esa ugha le>uk pkfg,A lq>ko fn;k tkrk gS
leqnk; dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djus ds dk;Z dks çkFkfedrk nsrs gq, fd bPNqd ç;ks 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
äk] ljdkj
daiuh ekeyks a ls ladscfafodkl
,Qihvks /kr dkuw,oauh çxfrvuqikyuks a dh ç/kku laLFkk
ds fy,
lHkh LFkyksa ds mRiknu dk foi.ku djukA tkudkjh Hkh çkIr dsdjs:i
a tks esfuxfer
a dke djsekeys xkA ea=ky; dh osclkbV
[kk| vkSj —f"k laxBu us lkekftd mUufr ds fy, dk;Zokgh (www.mca.gov.in).ij miyC/k gSAa
¼,,l,½] tks ,d xSj ljdkjh laxBu gksus ds lkFk gh Hkkjr esa 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
mRiknd daifu;ksa dh LFkkiuk esa vxz.kh laLFkk gS] ls fuEufyf[kr ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
ds fy, lgk;rk ekaxh gS & ç;ksäkvksa dk bl ckjs esa ekxZn'kZu lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
djus ds fy, ,d lalk/ku iqLrd rS;kj djuk fd dSls mRiknd çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
daifu;ka rS;kj dh tk ldrh gSa ftlesa NksVs mRikndksa dk LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus ls iwoZ foÙkh; ,oa vkfFkZd ewY;kadu fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
'kkfey gSaA ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
bl lalk/ku iqLrd esa mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus ds fy, viukbZ çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
tkus okyh çfØ;kvksa rFkk visf{kr rS;kfj;ksa dk C;kSjk fn;k x;k futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
gSA lalk/ku iqLrd dks e/; çns'k ,oa fcgkj esa mRiknd daifu;ksa çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
dh ,d J`[a kyk fodflr djus esa ,,l, ds vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
Hkkx rhu
rFkk dukZVd esa ,d ,e,Mhih ifj;kstuk LFky esa mRiknd daiuh rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
LFkkfir djus ds fy, muds laHkkO;rk ewY;kadu v/;;u ds nkSjku
lh[ks x, lcdksa ds vk/kkj ij rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
tSlk fd fopkjkFkZ fo"k; ¼Vhvksvkj½ esa çko/kku fd;k x;k esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
gS] bl lalk/ku iqLrd esa fuEufyf[kr igyqvksa dks 'kkfey fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
fd;k x;kA lalk/ku iqLrd esa dqy pkj v/;k; gSaA v/;k;&1 tk,xkA
esa fdlku lewgksa dh vko';drk ds laca/k esa O;kid eqíksa]
mRiknd daiuh vf/kfu;e dh mRifÙk] mRiknd daifu;ksa ,oa 5-4 usQsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dh fo'ks"krkvksa esa çeq[k varjksa dk mYys[k dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
fd;k x;k gSA v/;k;&2 esa daiuh ds fuxeu ds fy, {ks=h; laca/kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
Lrj ij visf{kr rS;kfj;ksa rFkk viukbZ tkus okyh çfØ;kvksa dke djrs gSaA
dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA bl v/;k; esa dksbZ daiuh LFkkfir 5-5 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
djus ds fy, dkuwuh vis{kkvksa rFkk blesa 'kkfey çfØ;kvksa vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
ij Hkh cy fn;k x;k gSA v/;k;&3 esa dk;Zdkjh iwath dh fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
vko';drk rFkk mRiknd daiuh ds fy, çpkyu ykxrksa ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
dk ewY;kadu fd;k x;k gSA v/;k;&4 esa cktkj ,oa fofHkUu laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
foÙkh; ewY;kaduksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, mRiknd daifu;ksa dh çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA
CHAPTER 1 NATIONAL POLICY
PRODUCER COMPANIES FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
CONCEPT AND PRACTICES

PREAMBLE
(The chapter deals with the generic issues in regard to need of farmer’s collectives, genesis of Producer
Companies Act., key differences in characteristics between producer companies and cooperatives
and experience of ASA1 in establishing producer companies) Collectivization of producers, especially small and
1.1 BACKGROUND:
The growth rate of agriculture in India over the last sectors. The cooperative experience in India has not
decade has been stagnating and has gone down to been a very to address
pleasantthe one,many challengeshave
as cooperatives of agriculture
largely but
1.8% in 2006. On the other hand industrial growth has been state most importantly,
promoted, with improved
a focus onaccess
welfaretorather
investments,
been buoyant at more than 9%. Such skewed growth than to do technology
business on andcommercial
inputs andlines.
markets. Department of 2.4
rates are a matter of serious concern for planners and Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
policy makers of the country at the highest level. In 2002, through
Govt. ofan India amendment has in the Indian Companies
identified farmer producer
Act. 1956, organisation registered under the specialthe
the Government of India (GoI) enacted provisions 2.5
While growth in green revolution areas are stagnating, Producer companies Act. by incorporating a new section
hardly any progress has been made in about 60% of the IXA in the Indian Companies Act.1956 based on the
cultivable land, which is still under rain fed farming. The recommendations institutional form
of the Y.K.around which to mobilize
Alagh Committee set up for farmers
country finds itself in a difficult situation in meeting the this purpose. and build their capacity
The producer to collectively
companies leverage their
are incorporated
3.
food and nutrient security of its one billion plus population. with the production Registrar ofand marketing
Company (RoC).strength.
The objective of
Clearly Indian Agriculture is at the crossroads and only the Government of India for such an initiative was to 3.1
radical and innovative policies will help to pull the country formulateThis a legislation
policy documentthat would enabletoincorporation
is meant serve as a reference
out of an impending crisis of enormous proportions. of cooperatives as companies and conversion
and guide to Central and State Government of existingagencies
A much discussed current topic in Indian agriculture cooperatives into companies, while ensuring that the
is how to integrate the farmers, especially the small unique elements of the cooperative business remain
farmers with the value chain so that the net return at intact in Organisations, the new legislation. especially producer companies and
the farmers end is remunerative enough for the farmers link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
to remain interested in agriculture. A PC is schemes
formed with of thetheCentral
equity and State Governments.
contribution by the
PART THREE
members. The day to day operation is expected to be
India has over 92 million small holdings or nearly managed 1. byVISION:
the professionals,
To build a prosperous
hired from outside,
and sustainable
21% of the world’s small holdings of 450 million, the under the direction agriculture of thesector
Boardby of
promoting
Directorsand (BoD)
supporting
second largest after China (Oksana Nagayets, IFPRI, elected/ selected member-owned
by the General Producer
body of Organisations,
the PC for a that
2005)1. The challenge is therefore enormous for India specific tenure. enable farmers to enhance productivity through
to ensure that small holdings are truly productive and efficient, cost-effective and sustainable resource use
4.
are the main source of livelihoods for millions of people Since farmersand or the
realizeproducers are theforequity
higher returns holders through
their produce,
dependent on it. of the company, collective
a PC asaction supported provides
an organisation by the government,
an 4.1
appropriate frameworkand fruitfulfor collaboration
owning the with
company
academia,
by theresearch
Several institutional models are being tried in India producers themselves. agencies,The civilneed
society
to organise
and thefarmers,
private sector.
to integrate farmers with the value chain. The most especially the small holders, is a well established fact.
common model is the producer’s cooperatives, which The basic 2. purpose
MISSION of the PC is to collectivise small
enable farmers to organise themselves as collectives. farmers or producers for (a) backward linkage for inputs
The cooperatives are registered with the Registrar of like seeds, fertilisers, credit, insurance, knowledge
Cooperative Societies. India has a large number of and extension services and (b) forward linkages
(FPOs)
cooperative institutions in a vast range of enterprise such as collective marketing, processing, market led
1
Action for Social Advancement (ASA), an NGO based in Bhopal, M.P. is one of the pioneering organization inby qualified
establishing PCs and experienced Resource Institutions
with small farmers for agribusiness in Madhya Pradesh and Bihar.

v/;k;&1
mRiknd daifu;ka
ladYiuk ,oa dk;Zç.kkfy;ka
¼bl v/;k; esa fdlku lewgksa dh vko';drk ds laca/k esa O;kid eqíksa] mRiknd daiuh vf/kfu;e dh mRifÙk] mRiknd daifu;ksa ,oa
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dh fo'ks"krkvksa esa çeq[k varjksa rFkk mRiknd daifu;ka LFkkfir djus esa ,,l,1 ds vuqHko dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS½
1-1 i`”BHkwfe gS D;ksafd lgdkjh lfefr;ka T;knkrj jkT;ksa }kjk laof/kZr gSa
fiNys n'kd esa Hkkjr esa —f"k dh fodkl nj vo:) jgh gS rFkk ftudk dsUnz fcanq okf.kfT;d rtZ ij dkjksckj djus ds ctk;
2006 esa ?kVdj ;g 1-8 çfr'kr gks xbZ gSA nwljh vksj] vkS|ksfxd dY;k.k ij gSA
fodkl nj 9 çfr'kr ls vf/kd jgh gSA bl rjg dh Vs<+h es<h
fodkl njsa ns'k ds ;kstukdkjksa ,oa uhfr fuekZrkvksa ds fy, loksZPp 2002 esa] Hkkjrh; daiuh vf/kfu;e] 1956 esa la'kks/ku ds ek/;e
Lrj ij xaHkhj fpark dk fo"k; gSA ls Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk bl ç;kstu ds fy, xfBr okbZ- ds- vy?k
lfefr dh flQkfj'kksa ds vk/kkj ij Hkkjrh; daiuh vf/kfu;e]
D;ksafd gfjr Økafr okys {ks=ksa esa fodkl dh nj fuf"Ø; gks jgh gS] 1956 esa ,d ubZ /kkjk 9¼d½ 'kkfey djds mRiknd daiuh
yxHkx 60 çfr'kr —f"k ;ksX; Hkwfe] tks vHkh Hkh o"kkZ ij vk/kkfjr vf/kfu;e dks vf/kfu;fer fd;k x;kA mRiknd daifu;ksa dks
—f"k ds v/khu gS] esa 'kk;n gh dksbZ çxfr gqbZ gSA 100 djksM+ daiuh jftLVªkj ¼vkjvkslh½ ds ;gka fuxfer fd;k tkrk gSA bl
ls vf/kd dh viuh vkcknh dh [kk| ,oa iks"k.k lqj{kk dks iwjk rjg dh igy ds ihNs Hkkjr ljdkj dk mís'; ,d ,slk fo/kku
djus esa ns'k vius vkidks dfBu fLFkfr esa ik jgk gSA Li"V :i rS;kj djuk Fkk tks daiuh ds :i esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds
ls Hkkjrh; —f"k vkt pkSjkgs ij [kM+h gS rFkk dsoy ekSfyd ,oa fuxeu rFkk fo|eku lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds daifu;ksa esa ifjorZu
uokpkjh uhfr;ka gh bl Hk;kog ladV ls ns'k dks ckgj fudkyus dks leFkZ cuk, rFkk ;g Hkh lqfuf'pr djs fd lgdkjh dkjksckj
esa lgk;rk dj ldrh gSaA Hkkjrh; —f"k esa bl le; ftl fo"k; ds vuks[ks rRo u;s fo/kku esa v{kq..k cus jgsaA
ij dkQh ppkZ gks jgh gS og ;g gS fd dSls fdlkuksa] fo'ks"k :i
ls NksVs fdlkuksa dks ewY; Jà[kyk ds lkFk ,dh—r fd;k tk, mRiknd daiuh dk xBu lnL;ksa }kjk mfpr va'knku ds ek/;e
rkfd fdlkuksa dks feyus okyk 'kq) çfrQy fdlkuksa ds fy, ls gksrk gSA ,slh mEehn gksrh gS fd jkstejkZ ds çpkyu dk
bruk ykHkçn gks fd [ksrh esa mudh :fp cuh jgsA çca/ku ,d fuf'pr dk;Zdky ds fy, mRiknd daiuh dh
lkekU; ifj"kn }kjk fuokZfpr@p;fur funs'kd eaMy ¼chvksMh½
Hkkjr esa 92 fefy;u ls vf/kd NksVh tksrsa ;k fo'o dh dqy 450 ds funsZ'k ds rgr ckgj ls cqyk, x, O;olkf;dksa }kjk fd;k
Hkkx rhu
fefy;u NksVh tksrksa esa ls yxHkx 21 çfr'kr gSa tks phu ds ckn tk,xkA
nwljk lcls cM+k gS ¼vksdlkuk] ukxk,V~l] vkbZ,QihvkjvkbZ]
2005½A blfy, Hkkjr ds fy, ;g lqfuf'pr djus esa vla[; pwafd fdlku ;k mRiknd daiuh ds U;k; laxr /kkjd gksrs gSa]
pqukSfr;ka gSa fd NksVh tksrsa lgh ek;us esa dSls mRiknd gksa rFkk blfy, laxBu ds :i esa mRiknd daiuh Lo;a mRikndksa }kjk
bu tksrksa ij vk/kkfjr yk[kksa yksxksa ds fy, os thfodk dk eq[; daiuh dk LokfeRo xzg.k djus ds fy, ,d mi;qä :ijs[kk
lzksr cuh jgsaA çnku djrh gSA fdlkuksa] fo'ks"k :i ls NksVs fdlkuksa dks
laxfBr djus dh vko';drk ,d lqLFkkfir rF; gSA mRiknd
fdlkuksa dks ewY; Jà[kyk ls tksM+us ds fy, Hkkjr esa vusd daiuh dk ewy ç;kstu fuEufyf[kr ds fy, NksVs fdlkuksa ;k
laLFkkfud çfr:iksa dks vktek;k tk jgk gSA lcls vke çfr:i mRikndksa dk lewg cukuk gS& ¼d½ cht] [kkn] _.k] chek]
mRiknd lgdkjh lfefr;ka gSa tks fdlkuksa dks lewg ds :i esa Kku ,oa foLrkj lsok tSlh mfpr tkudkjh ds fy, ihNs dh
Lo;a dks laxfBr djus esa leFkZ cukrh gSaA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa lgyXurk] vkSj ¼[k½ vxzorhZ lgyXurk,a tSls fd lkewfgd
dks lgdkjh lfefr iath;d ds ;gka iath—r djk;k tkrk gSA foi.ku] çlaLdj.k] cktkj ds vuqlkj —f"k mRiknu vkfnA
Hkkjr esa O;kid Js.kh ds {ks=ksa esa lgdkjh laLFkkvksa dh la[;k bl ç;kl dk eq[; mís'; NksVs fdlkuksa@mRikndksa ds fy,
dkQh gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk dk vuqHko cgqr lq[kn ugha jgk lkSnsckth djus dh lkewfgd 'kfä gkfly djuk gSA
1 ,sD'ku Q‚j lks'ky ,MokalesaV ¼,,l,½] tks Hkksiky] e/; çns'k esa vk/kkfjr ,d xSj ljdkjh laxBu gS] e/; çns'k ,oa fcgkj esa —f"k O;olk; ds fy, NksVs fdlkuksa ds lkFk mRiknd daifu;ksa
dh LFkkiuk esa iFk çn'kZd laxBuksa esa ls ,d gSA

47
TABLE producer
viable 1: KEY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRODUCER COMPANIES AND
owned FPOs. COOPERATIVES
operations for various crops.
PARAMETERS COOPERATIVE PRODUCER COMPANY
4.2 Detailed guidelines for the promotion
Registration
of FPOs, 5.6 DAC and its designated
Cooperative Societies Act.
agencies will work with
Indian Companies Act
Objectives Single object Multi-object
Area of Operation Restricted, discretionary Entire Union of India
Membership Individuals and cooperatives Any individual, group, association,
Government agencies engaged in FPO promotion will also work withproducer
all relevant stakeholders to
of the goods or services
Share Non-tradable Not tradable but transferable limited to
Central schemes are being used to promote FPOs. members on par value
Profit sharing Limited dividends5.7
on DAC will work with Ministry
shares of Corporate
Commensurate Affairs
with volume and
of business
Voting rights One member, other stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
their own independent guidelines to support FPOs one vote, but Government One member, one vote. Members not
provisions
and Registrar of Cooperatives of the law relating to the registration,
hold veto
if they are using. State budgetary funds for the having transactions with the company
power management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same. can not vote of FPOs.
to fostering fast paced growth
Government control Highly patronized to the extent of Minimal, limited to statutory
interference 6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT
requirements INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
Extent of Autonomy SUPPORTING
Limited in “real world scenario” FPOS Fully autonomous, self ruled within the
6.1 Besides encouraging State Governments
provisions of Act to take up
Reserves formation of FPOs on
Created if here are profits a large scale
Mandatory through
to create every Centrally-
year
Borrowing power Restricted sponsored and State-financed
More freedom and alternatives and
programmes
of FPOs.
Relationship with other corporate/ Transaction based schemes, DAC suggests Producerstheandfollowing steps
corporate entity canto
5.2 Small Farmers’
business Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC),
houses/NGOs be taken by State together
Governments to support
float a producer company
and
agriculture production etc. At the heart of this effort is 6.1.1 growthByofdeclaring FPOs atinstitutions.
the cooperative par with cooperatives
Majority of the
to gain collective bargaining power for small farmers/ cooperative registered
institutions
under thearerelevant
currently
State legislation
facing severe
producers. financial
and crisis
self-help
and atgroups/federations
times are heavily dependentfor all on
the state
benefits
subsidyandforfacilities
existence.
thatTheare Mutually
extendedAided
The collectives of farmers in the form of producer Cooperative to member-owned
Societies Act institutions
(MACS) wasfrom introduced
time to
companies is gaining popularity among the farmers/ overcome to time.
some of these limitations of the cooperatives,
producers and among the promoting agencies primarily however, not many States have adopted the MACS and
due to several advantages it carries in comparison to also not many commodity cooperatives have migrated
the conventional model of producers cooperatives. to the MACS format.
The Producer Companies Act. enshrines the ethos and
basic tenets of cooperatives and infuses a professional 1.2 KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF PRODUCER COMPANIES
5.3 The
attitude
mandate
into ofmanagement.
National Cooperative Development ¸ It is a corporate body registered under the Indian
Corporation (NCDC) will be expanded to include Companies (Amendment) Act 2002. Ownership
Tablein-1the
FPOs provides a comparative
list of eligible analysis
institutions of producer 6.1.3and
which receive Bymembership
using FPOs of assuch
producers
companiesof certified
is held only
support
companies under
and the
producers
variouscooperatives
programmes to understand
of the byseed,
‘primary
saplings
producers’
and other or planting
‘Producermaterial
Institution’,
Corporation.
the differences in the basic premises of these two Acts andandmember’s
extending equity
production
cannot be andtraded.
marketing However,
which enable incorporation of producers collectives. it may
subsidies
be transferred,
on par with only
cooperatives.
with the approval of the
Apparently the producer companies have inherent Board of Directors of the producers companies
advantages over the cooperatives in many areas.
Specifically of the PC there is less government control ¸ The clauses of Private Limited Company shall be
5.5 DAC
whereas
will work
the cooperative
with Food Corporation
institutions are
of state
India controlled.
(FCI) applicable to the producer companies except
and
The overriding
State Governments
powers of to theencourage
Registrar ofthem
Cooperative
to the clauses specified in Producer Company Act.
include
SocietiesFPOsto direct
as and
procurement
regulate cooperatives,
agencies under whenever from 581-A to 581-ZT which make it different
the Minimum
government Support
deemsPricenecessary,
(MSP) procurement
has throttled the from a normal private or limited company
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
lkj.kh 1% mRiknd daifu;ksa ,oa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds chp çeq[k varj 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
ekinaM lgdkjh lfefr mRiknd,oadaiiauhthdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
ctV
iathdj.k lgdkjh lfefr vf/kfu;e ,Qihvks
Hkkjrh; dadsiuhlaovf/kfu;e
/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
mís'; ,dy mís'; esvus d mís';ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
a ,Qihvks
çpkyu dk {ks= çfrcaf/kr] foosdk/khu lM+
laid ekufp=
w.kZ Hkkjr la?k çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
lnL;rk O;fäxr ,oa lgdkjh lfefr;ka dksbZ O;fä] lewg] la?k] eky ;k lsokvksa dk mRiknd
'ks;j fcØh ds v;ksX; dkfcØhç;ksdsxv;ks
djX;jgh fdargSq ]alerq
rks Yos; ,Qihvks
ewY; ij dsdhoylgk;rk ds fy, vius
lnL;ksdsa dks
Lo;a LoragLrka
= rfn'kkfuns
fjr fd;k'Z k tkfodflrldrk gSdjus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
ykHk dh fgLlsnkjh ‘ks;jksa ij lhfer ykHkka’k dkjksckj dh ek=k ds vuqikr esa
erkf/kdkj
,d lnL;] ,d er] fdarq ljdkj ,oa lgdkjh ,d lnL;] ,d erA ,sls lnL; ernku ugha dj
lfefr jftLVªkj ds ikl ohVks ikoj gksrk gS laldrs
LFkkvks
gSa tksa dh
daiuhHkwdsfedk
lkFk ysu nsu ugha djrs gSa
ljdkj dk fu;a=.k n[ky dh lhek rd vR;f/kd lajf{kr 5-1 —f"k
U;wure] ,oalkalgdkfjrk
fof/kd vis{kkvksfoHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
a rd lhfer
Lok;Ùkrk dh ek=k ^ôkLrfod fo’o ds ifj–’;** esa lhfer
dsiwvajnh:i
rjg ls Lok;Ùkrka] vf/kfu;e ds çko/kkuksa ds
esa dke djsxkA
j Lor% vfHk’kkflr
lap; ykHk gksus ij l`tu fd;k tkrk gS
gj lky l`tu djuk vfuok;Z gS
m/kkj nsus dh 'kfä lhfer lgk;rk]
vf/kd vktknh çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
rFkk fodYi
vU; fuxfer@O;kolkf;d ?kjkuksa@xSj ljdkjh ysunsu ds vk/kkj ij çca /ku dsrFkkfy,fuxfer
mRiknd vkSj fudk;
fuos'kvkil çkSn~;esaksffeydj
xdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
laxBuksa ds lkFk laca/k LFkkfir
mRiknd dadjus iuh dkds xBu
fy,dj,dy ldrs L=ksgSa rds :i esa dke djus ds
eq[; :i ls mRiknd lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds ijaijkxr çfr:i dh lgk;rk çkIr lgdkjhçnkulfefr djsxvf/kfu;e
kA fo'ks"k ¼,e,lh,l½
:i ls] ,l,Q,lh ykxw fd;k,Qihvks rFkk
rqyuk esa blds rgr feyus okys vusd ykHkksa ds dkj.k fdlkuksa@ futha ,oa
x;kA ijarq vusd jkT;ks lkoZtfuddksnksuugha
us ,e,lh,l ksa {ks=viuk;k
ksa ds vknku]
gS rFkkvkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
mRikndksa esa rFkk çorZd ,tsafl;ksa esa mRiknd daiuh ds :i esa vusd mi;ksxh oLrq lgdkjh lfefr;ksa us Hkh ,e,lh,l a/çk:i
çkS n ~ ; ks f xdh çnkrkvks a ] foLrkj ,oa vuq l kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
fdlkuksa ds lewg yksdfç; gks jgs gSaA mRiknd daiuh vf/kfu;e foi.ku
dks Lohdkj ugha fd;k gSA ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
esa lgdkjh lfefr ds yksdkpkj rFkk cqfu;knh fl)kar fn, x, rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
gSa rFkk ;g çca/ku esa ,d O;olkf;d –f"Vdks.k iSnk djrk gSA 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
1-2 mRiknd davairfu;ks xZr lgk;rka dh çeqçkIr [k djus fo'ks"dskrk,afy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
lkj.kh&1 esa bu nks vf/kfu;eksa ds cqfu;knh vk/kkjksa esa varjksa ◊ ;g Hkkjrh; esdaa i,Qihvks dks 'kkfey
uh ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2002 djus ds fy,ds vajk"Vª
rxZrh; lgHkkfxrk
dks le>us ds fy, mRiknd daifu;ksa rFkk mRiknd lgdkjh iath—r ,d fodklfuxfer fuxe fudk;¼,ulhMhlh½
gSA ,slh daids fu;ksvf/kns
a dk 'LokfeRo
k dk foLrkj fd;k
lfefr;ksa dk ,d rqyukRed fo'yss"k.k fn;k x;k gS] tks mRiknd tk,xkA
,oa lnL;rk dsoy ^çkFkfed mRikndksa* ;k ^mRiknd
lewgksa ds fuxeu dks leFkZ cukrs gSaA Li"V :i ls vusd {ks=ksa laLFkk* 5-4
}kjk xzusgQ.ksM dh tkrh gS rFkk,sllnL;ks
esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dh rqyuk esa mRiknd daifu;ksa esa varfuZfgr ¼,u,,QbMh½ h ik= a ladkLFkkvks
U;k;a dhlaxlwrph esa ,Qihvks
O;kikj ugha dksfd;k'kkfey tk ldrk djus dsgSA fy, rFkkfi]dnedsomBk,xk
y mRiknd tks ewY; leFkZu
ykHk gSaA fof'k"V :i ls mRiknd daiuh esa ljdkjh fu;a=.k daifu;ksa ds funs ' kd ea M y ds vuq e ks n u ls bls gLrka arfjr
de gksrk gS tcfd lgdkjh laLFkk,a jkT; }kjk fu;af=r gksrh la c a / kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
fd;k tk ldrk gS
dke djrs gSaA A
gSaA tc Hkh ljdkj vko';d le>rh gS] lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks
funsZf'kr ,oa fofu;fer djus ds fy, lgdkjh lfefr jftLVªkj ◊ mRiknd5-5 dai—f"k uh vf/kfu;e ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh;
ds 581&, ls 581&ts [kk|MVhfuxe esa ¼,QlhvkbZ½
dh vf/kHkkoh 'kfä;ksa us lgdkjh laLFkkvksa ds fodkl dk xyk fufnZ"V mica/kksa] ftldh otg ls ;g lkekU; çkbosV ;kk rkfd mUgsa
vkS j jkT; ljdkjks a ds lkFk dke djs x
?kksaVk gSA bl le; vf/kdka'k lgdkjh laLFkk,a xaHkhj foÙkh; ladV fyfeVsM daifofHkUu
uh ls fHkUu Qlykscurh a ds fy, gS] dksU;wuNksreM+dleFkZ
j mRikndu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
ls tw> jgh gSa rFkk dHkh&dHkh os vius vfLrRo ds fy, jkT; daifu;ksa ij çkbosV fyfeVsM daiuh ds mica/k ykxw [kjhn
ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZ o kb;ks a ds va r xZ r gksaxs ,oa olwyh
dh vksj ls lfClMh ij cgqr vf/kd fuHkZj gksrh gSaA lgdkjh ¼vf/kd tkudkjh laLFkkvks ds a fy,sa ds —i;k
:i esmRiknd
a ,Qihvksdaidks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
uh vf/kfu;e
lfefr;ksa dh bu etcwfj;ksa esa ls dqN dks nwj djus ds fy, ijLij ns[ksa½A çks R lkfgr fd;k tk lds A
NATIONAL POLICY
(refer to the Producer Company Act for details) million. However, there are exceptions with a few which
have reached a business turnover of around ` 25-35
FOR THE
¸ The liabilities of the PC is limited to the value of the million annually withinPROMOTION
3-4 years of their OFoperation
FARMER afterPRODUCER
share capital it has issued. Similarly the member’s incorporation. The reasons for high growth in these PCs
liability is limited to the value of share capital held can be attributed to:
PREAMBLE
by them. The minimum authorized capital at the ¸ energetic management team and the BoD;
time of incorporation of PC should be Rs.5 lakh.
The authorised capital is such that a company has ¸ cooperation from banking
Collectivization institutions which
of producers, provided
especially small and
been authorized to raise by way of equity shares hassle free loans to the PC for working capital;
marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3 and
through the Articles of Association/Memorandum
of Association of the PC. This is typically the ¸ a clearly identified business opportunity that gives
capital at the time it has been incorporated to address
a high RoI. the many challenges of agriculture but
¸ Minimum number of producers required to form A tentative technology
assessment andsuggests
inputs and that markets.
the benefits Department
to a of 2.4
a PC is 10, while there is no limit for maximum memberAgricultureare multifarious and in the form
and Cooperation, of: of Agriculture,
Ministry
number of members and it can be increased ¸ timely and of
Govt. easily
India availability of fertilizers,
has identified farmer seeds producer
as per feasibility and need. However, based on and organisation
other agriculture inputs at a reasonable rate;
the experience (not to be treated as prescribed)
it is found that for agriculture based PC 800- ¸ bulk selling of agriculture produce for better price;
1000 farmers with about 1000-1500 acre of institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
agriculture land is a good size for initial years to ¸ extensionand build their capacity
services received to collectively
by the farmers leverage their
3.
make it economically viable and increasing up production
which the PC had andarranged
marketing strength.
with the agriculture
to 2000 as the company grows. There cannot department or from other service providers; 3.1
be any government or private equity stake in the This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
producer companies, which implies that PC cannot ¸ receiving and guide of tocash dividends
Central and Statefrom the PC.agencies
Government
become a public or deemed public limited company
No detailed study has been conducted yet, to ascertain
The area of operation for a PC is the entire country the benefits Organisations,
in monetary especially
terms. However, producer companies and
the members
linkwith
are happy them thetoservices
benefitsofunder the PC various programmes
and there is a and
3.2
1.3 EXPERIENCE OF ASA IN ESTABLISHING PCs tendencyschemes
of increased of the Central and
participation in State Governments.
the affairs of the
PART THREE
Since late 2004, ASA has been promoting the concept PC by the members.
of Producer Companies in M.P. and Bihar. So far it has 1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
promoted 16 PCs with over 30000 small and marginal The efforts of agriculture
ASA havesector broughtby promoting
in severaland policy
supporting
farmers in the resource poor regions of M.P. and Bihar, with changes in favour
member-owned
of producers organisations
Producer Organisations,
in Madhya that
an average membership of about 2000 farmers per PC. Pradesh (MP).enable Besides farmers
several to tax
enhance
relatedproductivity
relaxations through
the most significant
efficient,
onecost-effective
being the decision
and sustainable
of providingresource use
4.
There is a professional management team in each managementand costrealize
supporthigher
to areturns
PC for aforperiod
their produce,
of three through
of these PCs which carries out the operations under years and a one collective
time working
action capital
supported support
by the of `government,
25 4.1
the directions of the Board of Directors (BoD) of the Lacs to the PC andbyfruitful collaboration
the GoMP. Also thewith academia,ofresearch
Government
respective PC. The responsibility of the Management Madhya Pradesh agencies,
has agreedcivil tosociety
provideand them thewithprivate
land sector.
Team also includes building the capacity of the BoD by and machinery for business needs on merit basis. All
providing hand holding support. These PCs are mainly these policy 2. decisions
MISSION are notified in the Government
into agribusiness and that too focused largely on the gazette.
crop seed production, processing and marketing of
agriculture produces, the activities which give higher The point worth mentioning here is that like any other
(FPOs)
return on investment and also ensure availability of institution the financial viability and the institutional
quality seeds to its members. The average annual sustainability 2.2 Toare provide
two support
core factors
for thethatpromotion
determine of such FPOs
business turnover of each of these PCs is about ` 10 the sustainability by qualified
of the and
PC. experienced
Also the success Resource of the
Institutions

◊ mRiknd daiuh dh ns;rk,a ml 'ks;j iwath ds ewY; rd dqN viokn Hkh gSa D;ksafd dqN mRiknd daifu;ksa dk O;olkf;d
lhfer gksrh gSa ftls blus tkjh fd;k gSA blh rjg] dkjksckjfuxeu ds i'pkr muds çpkyu ds 3&4 o"kksaZ ds Hkhrj
lnL; dh ns;rk mlds }kjk /kkfjr 'ks;j iwath ds ewY; okf"kZd :i ls 25 ls 35 fefy;u #i, ds vklikl igqap x;k
rd lhfer gksrh gSA mRiknd daiuh ds fuxeu ds le; gSA bu mRiknd daifu;ksa esa vf/kd o`f) ds dkj.k fuEufyf[kr
U;wure vf/k—r iwath 5 yk[k #i, gksuh pkfg,A vf/k—r gks ldrs gSa %
iwath og gksrh gS ftls mRiknd daiuh ds laxe vuqPNsn@ ◊ çca/ku Vhe rFkk funs'kd eaMy esa vf/kd mRlkg
laxe Kkiu ds ek/;e ls mfpr 'ks;j ds :i esa tqVkus
ds fy, daiuh dks vf/kd`r fd;k tkrk gSA fof'k"V :i ls ◊ cSfa dax laLFkkvksa ls lg;ksx ftUgksua s dk;Zdkjh iwt
a h ds fy,
;g ,slh iwath gksrh gS tks fuxeu ds le; tqVkbZ tkrh mRiknd daiuh dks ck/kk eqä _.k çnku fd;k vkSj
gSA
◊ Li"V :i ls fpfàr O;olkf;d volj tks fuos'k ij vf/kd
◊ mRiknd daiuh dk xBu djus ds fy, visf{kr mRikndksa çfrQy çnku djrk gSA
dh U;wure la[;k10 gS] tcfd lnL;ksa dh vf/kdre
la[;k dks ysdj dksbZ lhek ugha gS rFkk laHkkO;rk ,oa ,d vafre ewY;kadu ls bl ckr dk ladrs feyrk gS fd lnL;ksa
vko';drk ds vuqlkj ;g la[;k c<+kbZ tk ldrh gSA dks feyus okys ykHk dbZ rjg ds gSa rFkk fuEufyf[kr ds :i esa gSa %
rFkkfi vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij ¼ijarq bls fu/kkZfjr ekunaM ds ◊ rdZlaxr Hkko ij [kknksa] chtksa rFkk vU; —f"k vknku dh
:i esa u fy;k tk,½ ns[kus esa vk;k gS fd 'kq:vkrh o"kksaZ le; ij rFkk vklkuh ls miyC/rk
ds fy, yxHkx 1000 ls 1500 ,dM+ —f"k Hkwfe okys 800
ls 1000 fdlkuksa dh —f"k vk/kkfjr mRiknd daiuh ,d ◊ csgrj Hkko ds fy, —f"k mRikn dh Fkksd esa fcØh
vPNk vkdkj gS ftlls fd vkfFkZd –f"V ls ;g O;ogk;Z gks ◊ fdlkuksa }kjk çkIr foLrkj lsok,a] ftudh O;oLFkk mRiknd
ldsA blds vykok] daiuh ds fodkl ds lkFk budh la[;k daiuh }kjk —f"k foHkkx ds lkFk ;k vU; lsok çnkrkvksa ls
2000 rd c<+kbZ tk ldrh gSA mRiknd daifu;ksa esa dksbZ dh xbZ gS
ljdkjh ;k futh mfpr 'ks;j ugha gks ldrk gS] ftldk
vk'k; ;g gS fd mRiknd daiuh ifCyd ;k ekU; ifCyd ◊ mRiknd daiuh ls udn ykHkka'k çkIr djukA
fyfeVsM daiuh ugha cu ldrh gSA
ekSfæd –f"V ls ykHk dk lqfu'p; djus ds fy, vHkh rd dksbZ
◊ mRiknd daiuh ds çpkyu dk {ks= iwjk ns'k gksrk gSA foLr`r v/;;u ugha djk;k x;k gSA rFkkfi] lnL; mRiknd
daiuh dh lsokvksa ls cgqr [kq'k gSa rFkk lnL;ksa }kjk mRiknd
daiuh ds ekeyksa esa çfrHkkfxrk esa o`f) ns[kus dks fey jgh gSA
1-3 mRiknd daifu;ksa ds xBu esa ,,l, dk vuqHko
,,l, ds ç;klksa ls e/; çns'k esa mRiknd laxBuksa ds i{k esa
Hkkx rhu
2004 ds mÙkjk/kZ ls] ,,l, e/; çns'k ,oa fcgkj esa mRiknd
daiuh dh ladYiuk dks c<+kok ns jgk gSA vc rd blus e/; vusd uhfrxr ifjorZu gq, gSaA dj ls lacaf/kr vusd NwVksa ds
çns'k ,oa fcgkj ds de lalk/ku okys {ks=ksa esa 30]000 ls vf/kd vykok] lcls egRoiw.kZ uhfrxr ifjorZuksa esa ls ,d e/; çns'k
NksVs ,oa lhekar fdlkuksa dh 16 mRiknd daifu;ksa dks c<+kok ljdkj }kjk rhu lky dh vof/k ds fy, mRiknd daiuh dks
fn;k gS ftudh vkSlr lnL;rk çfr mRiknd daiuh rdjhcu çca/ku ykxr ds fy, lgk;rk çnku djus rFkk mRiknd daiuh
2000 fdlku gSaA dks 25 yk[k #i, dh dk;Zdkjh iwath ds :i esa ,d ckjxh
lgk;rk çnku djus dk fu.kZ; gSA blds vykok] e/; çns'k
buesa ls çR;sd mRiknd daiuh esa ,d O;olkf;d çca/ku Vhe gS ljdkj xq.k & nks"k ds vk/kkj ij dkjksckj dh t:jrksa dks iwjk
tks lacaf/kr mRiknd daiuh ds funs'kd eaMy ¼chvksMh½ ds funsZ'k djus ds fy, mUgsa Hkwfe ,oa e'khujh miyC/k djkus ds fy, Hkh
ds rgr çpkyuksa dk lapkyu djrh gSA çca/ku Vhe dh ftEesnkjh lger gks xbZ gSA bu lHkh uhfrxr fu.kZ;ksa dks ljdkjh jkti=
esa O;ogkfjd lgk;rk çnku djds funs'kd eaMy dh {kerk dk esa vf/klwfpr fd;k x;k gSA
fuekZ.k djuk Hkh 'kkfey gSA ;s mRiknd daifu;ka eq[; :i ls ;gka ;g ckr mYys[kuh; gS fd fdlh vU; laLFkk dh rjg foÙkh;
—f"k O;olk; ds {ks= esa gSa rFkk budk dsanz fcUnq Qly cht O¸ogk;Zrk rFkk laLFkkfud laiks"k.kh;rk nks çeq[k dkjd gSa] tks
mRiknu] —f"k mRikndksa ds çlaLdj.k ,oa foi.ku ,oa fuos'k ij mRiknd daiuh dh laiks"k.kh;rk dk fu/kkZj.k djrs gSaA blds
vf/kd çfrQy çnku djus okyh xfrfof/k;ksa ij gSa rFkk vius vykok] mRiknd lewgksa dh lQyrk T;knkrj çorZd ,tsalh ds
lnL;ksa dks mPp dksfV ds chtksa dh miyC/krk Hkh lqfuf'pr dkS'ky ,oa çfrc)rk ij fuHkZj gksrh gSA bl rjg dh laLFkk ds
djrh gSaA buesa ls çR;sd mRiknd daiuh dk okf"kZd vkSlr fuekZ.k esa okLrfod pqukSrh ;g gS fd dSls O;fäxr mRiknd
O;olkf;d dkjksckjrdjhcu 10 fefy;u #i, gSA rFkkfi] blds dks mRiknd laxBu ds 'kklh fudk; ls tksM+k tk,A mRiknd

49
producer’s collectives would largely depend on the
skill and commitment of the promoting agency. The
real challenge in building such institution is how to
connect the individual producer to the governing system
of the producer’s organisation. The agency promoting
the producers organisation has to pursue both the
social and economic objectives simultaneously. It is
therefore a long drawn agenda irrespective of the legal5.7 DAC will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
format under which these institutions are formed. An other stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
enabling legal format can facilitate the process well but provisions of the law relating to the registration,
cannot ensure a profitable institution without a proper management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same.
process followed. to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
of FPOs.
to time.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
laxBu dks c<+kok nsus okyh ,tsalh dks lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
nksuksa çdkj ds mís';ksadks ,d lkFk gh vkxs c<+kuk gksrk gSA lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
blfy,] bu laLFkkvksa dks xfBr djus dk dkuwuh çk:i tks Hkh ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
gks] ;g ,d yach dk;Z&lwphgksrh gSA ,d leFkZdkjh dkuwuh çk:Ik ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
bl çfØ;k esa vPNh rjg ls lgk;rk dj ldrk gS ijarq leqfpr laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
çfØ;k dk vuqlj.k fd, cxSj og ykHkçn laLFkk dk lqfu'p; esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
ugha dj ldrkA lM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr

tk,xkA
dke djrs gSaA
INCORPORATION OF A PRODUCER COMPANY
(This chapter is divided in two parts. The first part deals with process to be followed at field level
PREAMBLE
and the preparations required for forming a PC. The second part of the chapter focuses on the legal
requirements for establishing a PC and processes involved in it.)
The Producer Company Act. 2002 does not provide any 2.1 HOW Collectivization of producers,
DIFFERENT SHOULD especially
BE THE SOCIALsmall and
marginal
guidelines or directions about the mobilization and social PROCESSES WHILEfarmers,
SETTINGintoUP
producer organisations
A PC VIS A VIS A has 2.3
emerged
processes that need to be followed while forming PC. Also, COMMUNITY asORGANISATION
BASED one of the most effective pathways
(CBO)?
there are not many literatures available capturing the hands The pointtotoaddress
be kept inthe many
mind challenges
that PC of agriculture but
is also a Community
most importantly,
on experience in establishing producer companies mainly Based Organisation (CBO)improved access
with a shared to investments,
objective,
due to the fact that there are limited initiatives currently mutuallytechnology
agreed planand inputs shared
of actions, and markets. Department of 2.4
responsibilities
going on in India on the PC. Hence, what is written in the and benefits and a mechanism
Agriculture of functioning
and Cooperation, Ministry where
of Agriculture,
the decisionsGovt. are taken by
of India hastheidentified
opinions offarmer
majority.
producer
following paragraphs about the social processes is largely
Hence, the processes of building organization can
organisation registered under the special provisionsnot
drawn from ASA’s experiences of establishing PC in M.P. 2.5
be different in case of PC than what is generally followed
and Bihar and that too primarily for the agriculture produces. of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate
for any CBOs. Generally the processes start with the
Also these experiences are context specific and may vary institutional
conceptualization form
of the around
idea by thewhich to about
initiator mobilize
the farmers
with the change in context as it happens with any social objectiveand andbuild theirofcapacity
structure the CBO to collectively
that is intendedleverage
to be their
3.
processes. An attempt has been made here to write on formed in production and marketing
a given situation. It is the strength.
initiator, normally
those aspects related to social processes which normally an external person or agency, takes the lead and in 3.1
consultation with the
This policy potentialis members
document of theasCBO
meant to serve a reference
come in the minds of practitioners before embarking on
forms theand organization and continues to provide support
setting up a producer company.
till it is stable and growing. In this trajectory the role of
initiator or promoting agency changes from Initiator to
Facilitator. Organisations,
This is depictedespecially producer
in a diagram below.companies and
3.2
PART THREE
FIGURE 1: CHANGE IN ROLE OF INITIATOR AS THE CBO MATURES
1. VISION: To build
Promoting a Facilitator
Agency as prosperous and sustainable
Degree of Capacity of CBOs/People
4.
2. MISSION
Promoting Agency as Indicator
2.1 To promote 10
economically viable, democratic, and
Time (years)
(FPOs)
The diagram shows that as the capacity within the people and the CBO increases, the role of the promoting agency changes from one of initiator
to that of a facilitator. As this takes place, the methods of participation for dialogue also change. This does not anyway suggest that the promoting
agency has to continue to provide support all through the life of the PC. Depending upon2.2 To provide
the capacity support
of the PC for the
the promoting promotion
agency ofexit
can plan for such FPOs
strategy. However, this situation is so contextual that no specific time frame can be prescribed for the exit of the promoting agency. The bottom line for
exit should be decided on the basis of PC’s capacity to run the business without support from any external agency.

v/;k;&2
mRiknd daiuh dk fuxeu
¼;g v/;k; nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr gSA igys Hkkx esa] mRiknd daiuh ds xBu ds fy, tehuh Lrj ij viukbZ tkus okyh
çfØ;k rFkk blds fy, visf{kr rS;kfj;ksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA v/;k; ds nwljs Hkkx esa] mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus
ds fy, dkuwuh vis{kkvksa rFkk blesa 'kkfey çfØ;kvksa ij cy fn;k x;k gSA½
mRiknd daiuh vf/kfu;e 2002 esa laxfBr djus rFkk lkek- 2-1 mRiknd daiuh dk xBu djrs le; leqnk;
ftd çfØ;kvksa] ftudk ml le; vuqlj.k djus dh t:jr vk/kkfjr laxBu ¼lhchvks½ dh rqyuk esa lkekftd
gksrh gS tc mRiknd daiuh dk xBu fd;k tkrk gS] ds ckjs çfØ;k,a fdruh fHkUu gksuh pkfg,\
esa dksbZ fn'kkfunsZ'k ;k funsZ'k ugha fn, x, gSaA blds vykok] bl ckr dks /;ku esa j[kk tkuk pkfg, fd mRiknd daiuh Hkh leqnk;
mRiknd daifu;ksa dh LFkkiuk ls lacaf/kr O;kogkfjd vuqHkoksa vk/kkfjr laxBu ¼lhchvks½ gksrh gS ftlds mís'; leku gksrs gS]a ijLij
ds ckjs esa cgqr T;knk lkfgR; miyC/k ugha gSA bldk eq[; lger dk;Z ;kstuk,a gksrh gS]a lk>h ftEesnkfj;ka ,oa ykHk gksrs gSa rFkk
dkj.k ;g gS fd bl le; Hkkjr esa mRiknd daiuh ds laca/k dke djus dk ,d ra= gksrk gS tgka cgqer ds vk/kkj ij fu.kZ; fy,
esa py jgh igyksa dh la[;k lhfer gSA blfy,] lkekftd tkrs gSAa blfy,] mRiknd daiuh ds ekeys esa laxBu dk fuekZ.k djus
dh viukbZ tkus okyh çfØ;k,a vkerkSj ij mlls fHkUu ugha gks ldrh
çfØ;kvksa ds ckjs esa fuEufyf[kr vuqPNsnksa esa tks fy[kk x;k
ftudk fdlh leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBu ds fuekZ.k ds fy, vuqlj.k
gS og T;knkrj e/; çns'k ,oa fcgkj esa mRiknd daiuh dh fd;k tkrk gSA lkekU; rkSj ij çfØ;kvksa dh 'kq:vkr leqnk; vk/kkfjr
LFkkiuk esa ,,l, ds vuqHkoksa ls fy;k x;k gS rFkk og Hkh laxBu ds mís'; ,oa lajpuk ds ckjs esa 'kq#vkr drkZ }kjk çLrko
eq[; :i ls —f"k mRiknksa ds fy,A blds vykok] ;s vuqHko dh ladYiuk rS;kj djus ls gksrh gS] ftls og ,d fuf'pr ifjfLFkfr
lanHkZ fof'k"V gSa vkSj lanHkZ esa ifjorZu ds lkFk ;s fHkUu esa xfBr djuk pkgrk gSA 'kq#vkr drkZ] tks vkerkSj ij dksbZ ckgjh
gks ldrs gSa] tSlk fd fdlh Hkh lkekftd çfØ;k ds lkFk O;fä ;k ,tsla h gksrh gS] vxqvkbZ djrk gS vkSj leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBu
gksrk gSA ;gka lkekftd çfØ;kvksa ls lacaf/kr mu igyqvksa ds laHkkfor lnL;ksa ls ijke'kZ djds laxBu dk fuekZ.k djrk gS vkSj
ij fy[kus dk ç;kl fd;k x;k gS tks vkerkSj ij mRiknd rc rd lgk;rk çnku djuk tkjh j[krk gS tc rd ;g fLFkj ,oa
daiuh ds xBu dh 'kq:vkr djus ls iwoZ O;olk;h ds fnekx fodflr ugha gks tkrk gSA fodkl ds bl iFk esa 'kq#vkr drkZ ;k
esa vkrh gSaA çorZd ,tsla h dh Hkwfedk 'kq#vkr drkZ ls ifjofrZr gksdj lw=/kkj dh
gks tkrh gSA bls fuEufyf[kr fp= esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS %
fp= 1 % leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBu ds ifjiDo gksus ds lkFk 'kq#vkr drkZ dh Hkwfedk esa ifjorZu
Hkkx rhu
lw=/kkj ds :i esa çorZd ,tsalh
leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBuks@
a yksxksa dh
{kerk dk Lrj
'kq:vkr drkZ ds
:i esa çorZd ,tsalh
le; ¼o"kZ½ 10
;g fp= n'kkZrk gS fd tc leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBuksa ,oa yksxksa dh {kerk c<+rh gS] rks çorZd ,tsalh dh Hkwfedk 'kq:vkr drkZ dh Hkwfedk ls cnydj lw=/kkj dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus okyh gks tkrh
gSA tc ,slk gks tkrk gS] rks okrkZ ds fy, çfrHkkfxrk dh fof/k;ka Hkh ifjofrZr gks tkrh gSaA fdlh Hkh –f"V ls bldk eryc ;g ugha gS fd çorZd ,tsalh mRiknd daiuh ds laiw.kZ dk;Zdky
ds nkSjku lgk;rk çnku djuk tkjh j[ksxhA mRiknd daiuh dh {kerk ds vk/kkj ij] çorZd ,tsalh viuh Hkwfedk lekIr djus dh j.kuhfr rS;kj dj ldrh gSA rFkkfi] ;g fLFkfr bruh çlax
vk/kkfjr gS fd çorZd ,tsalh ds gVus ds fy, dksbZ fof'k"V le; lhek fu/kkZfjr ugha dh tk ldrh gSA gVus ds fy, lrgh js[kk ds ckjs esa fu.kZ; fdlh ckgjh ,tsalh dh lgk;rk ds fcuk
laca/kh mRiknd daiuh ds dkjksckj lapkfyr djus dh {kerk ds vk/kkj ij fy;k tkuk pkfg,A

51
2.2 WHETHER
viable producerPRIMARY CBOS (VIZ. SHGS, FOREST
owned FPOs. operations
the producers.
for various crops.
COLLECTORS GROUP, WATER USERS GROUP, COMMON
INTEREST GROUP, ETC CAN BE TRANSFORMED INTO PC? ¸ Any person or group of persons but not necessarily
It is better to take such approach of organizing the primary producer/s can be the initiator. This could
primary groups on the basis of common interest, be a socially motivated group of people having no
geographical locations and then federate them as PC interest for stakes in the PC. Already strengthened
to address the bigger issues of integration with the CBOs like SHG federation and Cooperative societies
market, value chain development, etc. and that too when can also initiate the process of transforming them
such need has been felt by the members of the primary into PC. In this case it will be a self triggered
groups. The benefits of taking such approach are: 5.7 DAC initiative.
will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
¸ it builds further on the organization building provisions
¸ Any Government
of the law relating
organization
or department
efforts already made with the primary groups. management
can also and regulation
promote of FPOsCompanies.
Producer with a view The
same.
Government
to fostering can approach
fast paced growth of anFPOs.
NGO, administrative
¸ since the primary groups are already strengthened bodies like village panchayat, state departments
therefore their participation in the process of 6. ROLEetc.
PC OForSTATE GOVERNMENT
any community INSTITUTIONS
organization IN
for this purpose.
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
formation will be effective resulting in better SUPPORTING FPOS could provide financial and
The Government
5.1 Department
leadership of Agriculture
and governanceand Cooperation
of the PC. No (DAC),
detailed professional support to the implementing bodies.
Besides encouraging State Governments to take up
6.1
Ministry
studyof has
Agriculture,
been conducted
Govt. of India yet,willtoact
ascertain
as
the nodal agency for
the benefits in the development
monetary terms.and growth the
However, 2.4 PREPARATION FOR THE FORMATION OF PC
of FPOs.
members are happy with the services of the PC This stage precedes the process of legally registering
and there is a tendency of increased participation the company. As mentioned earlier that the processes
in the affairs of the PC by the members. related to the mobilization of producers is purely context
specific and would vary from case to case. The factors
However, this approach takes little longer time 6.1.1
which By declaringtowards
contribute FPOs at mobilization
par with cooperatives
of producers
than direct formation of PC through membership are manyregistered
and at under
times
thequite
relevant
complex.
State legislation
However, it
campaign. In the cases facilitated by ASA, PCs were is experienced
and self-helpthat existence
groups/federations
of primaryfor groups
all in
formed with the common interest groups, SHGs and the area,
benefits
rapportandoffacilities
the external
that are
agency
extended
and their
Water Users’ Groups which were already existing and understanding
to member-owned
about the institutions
local contextfromandtime
issues,
after formation of the PC the original identity of the play a tosignificant
time. role in effective mobilization of the
CIGs/SHGs/ WUGs was not diluted, they continued producers. However, an attempt has been made to
to function as the primary groups as earlier. describe the broad general steps that an initiator should
follow while taking the producers on board to form the
2.3 WHETHER THE PROCESS OF ESTABLISHING PC IS PC. The steps are neither in chronological order nor
SELF TRIGGERED BY THE MEMBERS THEMSELVES OR are in the water tight compartment. The steps could
EXTERNALLY
5.3 The mandate of TRIGGERED?
National Cooperative Development overlap depending upon the situation. The steps are:
Corporation
Usually the (NCDC)
processwill of be
PCexpanded
formationto isinclude
externally
FPOs
triggered
in thebylist
theofpromoting
eligible institutions
agency because ¸ Before
often poor 6.1.3
which receive setting
By using off toasestablish
FPOs producersPC the Initiator must
of certified
support
people dounder
not realize
the various
the needprogrammes
to organize and of the
use their beseed,
clear saplings
with the objective
and otherand the potential
planting materialof the
Corporation.
organization as a means to fight poverty. Hence, the business.
and extending
S/he must
production
have done
and marketing
the homework
promoting agency leads the initiative in establishing well
subsidies
for the on
area
parofwith
operation,
cooperatives.
type and number
the PC. This is also true for majority of the initiatives of producers, assessment of requirement of land,
for community based organizations infrastructures, volume of business, working
capital requirement, financial viability, procedures
2.3.1will
5.5 DAC Whoworkcan beFood
with the Initiator for establishing
Corporation of India (FCI)PC? of incorporation etc. In short there should be a
and
¸ An State
NGO Governments
working with the to encourage
primary producers
them togroup blue print or plan with the initiator before hand.
include
and FPOs
willingastoprocurement
introduce the agencies
concept ofunder‘Producer Needless to mention that the initiator has to take
the Minimum
Companies’ Support
for thePrice
economic
(MSP) procurement
enhancement of a professional approach in completing these tasks
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
2-2 D;k çkFkfed leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBuksa ¼vFkkZr ladYiuk4-2dks ,Qihvks
ykxw djusdsdklaobPNq /kZu ddsdksfy,bZ xSjfoLr` r fn'kkfuns
ljdkjh laxBuA 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
Lo;a lgk;rk lewgks]a ou laxkz gd lewgks]a ty ç;ksäk lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
lewgks]a leku fgrdkjh lewgks]a vkfn½ dks mRiknd ◊ dksbZ O;fä ;kctV O;fä;ks,oa a iadkthdj.k
lewg dh ijarçfØ;k,a
q tks vfuok;Z
'kkfey:igSAa lsbudk mís';]
daiuh esa ifjofrZr fd;k tk ldrk gS\ çkFkfed mRiknd u gks
] 'kq# vkr drkZ
,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkjgks ldrk gSA ;g ,oa ,djkT; ljdkj dh
lkekftd :ilaLlsFkkvks çsfjr
a dklew ekxZgngks'kZuldrk
djuk gSrFkkftldh fo'ks"k mRiknd
:i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
lk>s fgr] HkkSxksfyd LFkku ds vk/kkj ij çkFkfed lewgksa dks laxfBr daiuh esa 'ks;jesa ds,Qihvks
fy, dksdsbfuekZZ #fp.k uds gkslius
A Lo;a
djus dk ,slk –f"Vdks.k viukuk vkSj fQj cktkj] ewY; J`[a kyk fodkl dks lgk;rk
lkdkj djus lewgds fy, foLr`r
rFkk lgdkjhlM+lfefr d ekufp=tSls igys çnku lsdjuk gh lqgS–<+tch—rdsæa leq
h; n;ksk;tuk ds rgr
vkfn ds lkFk ,dhdj.k ds cM+s eqíksa ds lek/kku ds fy, mRiknd vk/kkfjr laxBu Hkh Lo;a dks mRiknd da iuh esa ifjofrZ r tk jgk gksA
daiuh ds :i esa mudk la?k cukuk csgrj gksrk gS vkSj og Hkh rc tc fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k
djus dh çfØ;k rFkkfi]'kq:;fndjjkT; ldrsljdkjsgSAa abl
bldsekeys
fy, esjkT;a ;g dsLo;actV ls fuf/k;ksa
çkFkfed lewg ds lnL;ksa }kjk bl rjg dh vko';drk dk vuqHko çsfjr igy gksdkxhAç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
fd;k tk,A bl rjg dk –f"Vdks.k viukus ds ykHk fuEufyf[kr gSa %
◊ dksbZ ljdkjh laxBu ;k foHkkx Hkh mRiknd daifu;ksa dks
◊ ;g çkFkfed lewgksa ds lkFk laxBu ds fuekZ.k ds fy, igys c<+kok ns ldrk gSA ljdkj bl ç;kstu ds fy, fdlh xSj
ls fd, x, ç;klksa dks vkSj lq–<+ djrk gSA ljdkjh5- laxBu],Qihvks ç'kklfud dh fudk;
lgk;rktSldjus s fd xzeskea ds iapaæk;r] ljdkj dh
laLFkkvks
jkT; foHkkx vkfn ;k fdlh a dh lkeqHkwfedk
nkf;d laxBu ls Hkh laidZ
◊ pwfa d çkFkfed lewg igys ls gh lq–<+ gksrs gSa blfy, mRiknd
daiuh ds xBu dh çfØ;k esa mudh Hkkxhnkjh çHkkoh gksrh dj ldrh5-1 gSA—f"k ljdkj,oa bu dk;kZUo;u
lgdkfjrk foHkkxfudk;ks a dks foÙkh;
(¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ,oaea=ky;] Hkkjr
gS ftlls mRiknd daiuh dk usrR` o ,oa vfHk'kklu csgrj O;olkf;d lgk;rk çnku dj ldrh gSA
gksrk gSA eqæk dh –f"V ls ykHkksa dk lqfu'p; djus ds fy, ds :i esa dke djsxkA
vHkh rd dksbZ foLr`r v/;;u ugha djk;k x;k gSA rFkkfi] 2-4 mRiknd 5-2 day?kq iuh—"kd ds xBu —f"k O;olk; ds fy,ifjla rS;?kjh k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
lnL; mRiknd daiuh dh lsokvksa ls [kq'k gSa rFkk lnL;ksa }kjk ;g pj.k daiuh dks,oadkuw u h rkS j ij
lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d ia t h—r djkus dh çfØ;k laLFkk gS] rduhdh
mRiknd daiuh ds ekeyksa esa çfrHkkfxrk c<+ jgh gSA ls iwoZ ?kfVr gksrk lgk;rk]gSA tSlk çf'k{k.k
fd igyslaccrk;k x;k gS] mRikndks
a/kh vko';drkvks a] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
dks laxfBr djus dh çca/çfØ;k
ku ds fy, iwjh vkS rjgj fuos ls 'lak nçkSHkZnfof'k"V
~;ksfxdh gks,oarhcktkjks
gS a ls laca/k
◊ rFkkfi] bl –f"Vdks.k ds rgr lnL;rk vfHk;ku ds ek/;e rFkk ;g gj lanHkZ LFkkfir esa fHkUudjus gks ldrh ds fy,gSA,dy tks dkjd
L=ksrdsmRikndks
:i esa dke a djus ds
ls mRiknd daiuh ds lh/ks xBu dh rqyuk esa FkksMk+ vf/kd dks laxfBr djus dh fn'kk es a ;ks x nku dj ldrs
fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA gS a os vus d gS a
le; yxrk gSA bu ekeyksa esa ,,l, }kjk lgk;rk çnku dh rFkk dHkh&dHkh cgq,l,Q,lh r tfVy gksjkT; rs gSaAljdkjks
rFkkfia] ,Qihvks
,slk vuqHrFkk ko fd;k ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
xbZ] leku fgrdkjh lewgks]a Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa rFkk ty x;k gS fd {ks= esa çkFkfed lew g ks a dh ekS t
,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgqw n xh] ckgjh ,ts a l h dk¡eq[kh lgk;rk
ç;ksäklewgks]a tks igys ls gh ekStnw Fks] ds lkFk mRiknd laidZ rFkk LFkkuh;çnku ifjfLFkfr
djsxkA,oafo'ks eqí"kska ds:ickjsls]esa ,l,Q,lh
mudh le>,Qihvks rFkk
daifu;ksa dk xBu fd;k x;k] rFkk mRiknd daiuh ds xBu mRikndksa dks dkjxj futh<ax,oals lkoZ laxtfBr fuddjus nksuksesa a{ksegRoiw
=ksa ds .vknku]
kZ HkwfedkvkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
ds ckn leku fgrdkjh lewgksa @Lo;a lgk;rk lewgks@ a ty fuHkkrh gSA rFkkfi çkS;gka n~;foLr`
ksfxdhr çnkrkvks
lkekU; a]pj.kks foLrkj a dk,oamYys vuq[lk a/fd;k
kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
ç;ksäk lewgksa dh ewy igpku dks ugha NsMk+ x;k] vFkkZr os x;k gS ftudk fdlh foi.ku'kq#,oa vkrçladrkZ Ldj.kdks dk;Z mldrkZ le;vksa dsvuqchp lj.k lrr laidksaZ
igys dh rjg gh çkFkfed lewgksa ds :i esa dk;Z djrs jgsA djuk pkfg, tc rFkk os mRiknd
laca/kksa dkdailùhtudkdjsxBu xkA djus ds fy,
mRikndksa dks5-3laxfBr jk"Vªdjus dk ç;klfodkl
h; lgdkfjrk vkjaHk djrs fuxe gSdsaA ;sfofHkUu pj.k dk;ZØeksa ds
2-3 D;k mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus dh çfØ;k u rks vuq Ø e es a gS a varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laij
vkS j u gh vdkVîA ifjfLFkfr ds vk/kkj LFkkvksa dh lwph
Lo;a lnL;ksa }kjk 'kq: dh tkrh gS ;k cká :i ls ;s pj.ksa a ,d gh le; ij gks ldrs
esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfeygSaA viuk, djus tkus ds fy, okys jk"Vªpj.kh; lgHkkfxrk
'kq: dh tkrh gS\ fuEufyf[kr gSa % fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
vke rkSj ij mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus dh çfØ;k çorZd ◊ mRiknd daitk,xkA
uh dk xBu djus ls iwoZ 'kq#vkr drkZ dks
,tsalh }kjk cká :i ls 'kq: dh tkrh gS D;ksafd vDlj xjhc bl ckjs5-4 esa usfcYdq
QsM y¼,u,,QbMh½
Li"V gksuk ,spkfg,
lh ik=fdlaLFkkvks O;olk; a dh lwdkph esa ,Qihvks
yksx xjhch ls yM+us ds lk/ku ds :i esa laxfBr gksus rFkk mís'; rFkk ladksHkkouk'kkfeyD;kdjus gSA dsçpkyu
fy, dne ds {ks=mBk,xk
] mRikndks tks a ewY; leFkZu
vius laxBu dk ç;ksx djus dh vko';drk eglwl ugha djrs ds çdkj ,oa lalac[a/kh;k][kjhnnkjh
Hkwfe dh vko';drk laca/khdsewYfy,
;kadu]
dk dk;Z djus mldh vksj ls
gSaA blfy, çorZd ,tsalh mRiknd daiuh dh LFkkiuk laca/kh volajpuk] dke dkjkscdjrs
kj dh gSaA ek=k] dk;Zdkjh iwth dh
igy dk usr`Ro djrh gSA ;g leqnk; vk/kkfjr laxBuksa ds fy, vko';drk] foÙkh; O;ogk;Z rk] foHkkx
fuxeuHkkjrh; dh çfØ;k vkfn ¼,QlhvkbZ½
vf/kdka'k igyksa ds ekeyksa esa Hkh lp gSA 5-5 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk [kk| fuxe
ds fy, vPNh vkSjrjg jkT;ls ljdkjks
rS;kjh a djuhds lkFk pkfg,Adkela{djs ksi xeska] rkfd mUgsa
'kq#vkr drkZfofHkUuds iklQlyks igysa dsls gh
fy, U;wure leFkZu tewukY; ¼,e,lih½
,d [kkdk ;k ;ks
2-3-1 mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus ds fy, 'kq#vkr gksuh pkfg,Aijdgus dh t:jr ughaokb;ksgS fd
drkZ dkSu gks ldrk gS\ [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZ a dsbuvardk;ks aZ dks ,oa olwyh
xZr [kjhn
iwjk djus esa la'kqL#Fkkvks
vkra sa drkZ dks is ' ks o j –f"Vdks . k viukuk
ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
◊ çkFkfed mRiknd lewgksa ds lkFk dke djus okyk rFkk pkfg, rFkk blds fy, fd;kmls ckgjh
mRikndksa dh vkfFkZd mUufr ds fy, mRiknd daiuh* dh çksRlkfgr tk ldslgk;rk A dh t:jr gks
ldrh gSA
and may need external support. NATIONAL POLICY
the producers. In the PCs developed by ASA, the
number of shares per member ranges from 100 to
¸ Selection of area of operation on the basis of cluster 200.FOR THE
In some PCsPROMOTION
equal number ofOF FARMER
shares has beenPRODUCER
approach means a cluster of 12-15 villages at least distributed to the members, whereas in some cases
should be targeted. Normally about 800-1000 it varies. There is no bar on the number of shares
producers are a good size to form agriculture based
PC, however this would change depending upon
PREAMBLE
per member in the Act. However, it is suggested to
have equal number of shares among the members
the products to be handled. Normally selection of to maintain a balanceofin producers,
Collectivization the power structure
especially of the
small and
the area and the members is done on the basis PC. marginal
The normsfarmers,for distribution of share should be
into producer organisations has 2.3
of the commonalities like produce, farmers’ need mentioned in the Articles of Association of the PC.
and common problems they are facing in terms
of production and marketing. ¸ The to address
eligible the manymembers
community challenges areofrequired
agriculture but
mostthrough
to apply importantly, improvedapplication
a membership access to investments,
form
¸ The initiator starts the process through technology and inputs and markets.
(specified in the Act.) to the BoD. The General Body Department of 2.4
conducting a series of meetings with the (GB)Agriculture
is the final andauthority to approve
Cooperation, or reject
Ministry the
of Agriculture,
potential producers, developing rapport with membership
Govt. of application.
India has identified farmer producer
them and introducing the concept of PC. The organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
potential socio-economic benefits of PC along ¸ Once the concept is well accepted, based on
with the possible risks and their implication on the common understanding a business plan is
shareholding members has to be also shared. institutional
developed form around
in consultation withwhich to mobilize
the members. The farmers
and build
business theirits
proposal, capacity
viability,tomarket
collectively leverage their
opportunity,
3.
¸ Once the concept is understood by the potential size production
of businessand andmarketing strength.
possible benefits of the new
members, an exposure visit to successful enterprises must be shared properly with the 3.1
producer companies may be organized to further potential members.
This policy documentIn Chapter
is meant4, the process
to serve as aofreference
strengthen the understanding of the identified business plan development is discussed
and guide to Central and State Government agencies in detail.
group of producers. The exposure visit is found
to be the better approach in clarifying concepts ¸ Simultaneously, the initiator in consultation
and methodologies to the potential members in andOrganisations,
support from especially
the members producer
developscompanies
the and
comparison to the class room training. However, draftlink them to benefits
‘Memorandum and under
Articlesvarious programmes and
of Association’
3.2
the exposure visit should be meticulously planned schemes
specifying theof theand
roles Central and State Governments.
responsibilities of each of
PART THREE
and facilitated by an experienced person who can the office bearers of PC. The shareholders have also
explain things in right perspectives. At the later stage 1. VISION:
to finalize the authorized
To buildcapital
a prosperous
2
of the company
and sustainable
when the PC is incorporated the formal training and the costagriculture
of each share.
sectorWhile
by promoting
finalizing the
andcostsupporting
would be required to the BoD members in the of share member-owned
and the number of Producer
shares per Organisations,
member, that
areas of (not limited to) for – (a) understanding the paying enable
capacityfarmers
of thetoeconomically
enhance productivity
deprived through
the PC rules and regulations, (b) statutory shareholdersefficient, cost-effective
should and sustainable resource use
also be considered.
4.
requirements to the RoC, (c) business plan of the and realize higher returns for their produce, through
PC, (d) Government schemes, (e) leadership, (f) ¸ Once these collective
documents actionare supported
in place, thebyfirstthe government, 4.1
formal
basic accounting and record keeping and several meeting of and thefruitful
shareholders
collaborationshouldwithbeacademia,
organized.research
such aspects as the need is felt. It is suggested The basicagencies,
agenda of civil
thissociety
meeting andis the
to getprivate
the sector.
that a capacity building plan for BoDs including approval on the Memorandum and Articles of
the event calendar is prepared every year and 2. MISSION
Association as well as select/elect the Board of
reviewed periodically by the promoting agency. Directors of the company. However, it is advisable
The Membership process needs to be explained to here for the initiator to avoid election at this stage
the producers. Normally the share value is kept at as it can lead to drift amongst members. However,
(FPOs)
` 10 per share. The share capital contribution per if the situation is conducive for election the Initiator
member depends upon the economic condition of can2.2go for
To provide
it as the support
process for the
of election
promotionwould of such FPOs
2
The entire process might take two to six months (sometimes more), depending upon the motivation and inclination of the producers.

◊ lewg ds vk/kkj ij çpkyu ds {ks= ds p;u dk vfHkçk; dk forj.k fd;k x;k gS] tcfd dqN ekeyksa esa blesa varj
de ls de 12 ls 15 xkaoksa ds lewg dks pquus ls gSA gSA vf/kfu;e esa çfr lnL; 'ks;jksa dh la[;k ij dksbZ çfrca/k
vke rkSj ij yxHkx 800 ls 1000 mRikndksa dk vkdkj ugha gSA rFkkfi ;g lq>ko fn;k tkrk gS fd mRiknd daiuh
—f"k vk/kkfjr mRiknd daiuh ds fy, ,d vPNk vkdkj dh 'kfä lajpuk esa lary q u LFkkfir djus ds fy, lnL;ksa
gS] rFkkfi laHkkyus okys mRiknksa ds vk/kkj ij ;g la[;k ds chp 'ks;jksa dk forj.k leku :i ls fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
ifjofrZr gks ldrh gSA lkekU; rkSj ij {ks= ,oa fdlkuksa 'ks;jksa ds forj.k ds fy, ekunaMksa dk mYys[k mRiknd daiuh
dk p;u mRikn] fdlkuksa dh vko';drk rFkk mRiknu ,oa ds laxe vuqPNsn esa fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
foi.ku dh –f"V ls fdlkuksa ds le{k ekStwn vke leL;kvksa
ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA ◊ leqnk; ds ik= lnL;ksa lnL;rk vkosnu i= ¼tks vf/kfu;e
esa fofufnZ"V gS½ ds ek/;e ls funs'kd eaMy ds ikl vkosnu
◊ 'kq#vkr drkZ laHkkfor mRikndksa ds lkFk vusd cSBdksa djus dh vis{kk gksrh gSA lnL;rk ds vkosnu dks Lohdkj
dk lapkyu djds] muds lkFk laca/k fodflr djds ;k vLohdkj djus ds fy, lkekU; fudk; ¼thch½ vafre
rFkk mRiknd daiuh dh ladYiuk çLrqr djds çfØ;k çkf/kdj.k gSA
dh 'kq#vkr djrk gSA mRikndksa dks laHkkfor tksf[keksa
rFkk 'ks;j/kkjdksa ij muds laHkkfor çHkko ds lkFk&lkFk ◊ tc ladYiuk dks vPNh rjg ls Lohdkj dj fy;k tkrk
mRiknd daiuh ds laHkkfor lkekftd&vkfFkZd ykHkksa ds gS] rks lkekU; le> ds vk/kkj ij lnL;ksa ds lkFk ijke'kZ
ckjs esa Hkh tkudkjh çnku dh tkrh gSA djds ,d dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj dh tkrh gSA dkjksckj
çLrko] bldh O;ogk;Zrk] cktkj laca/kh volj] O;olk;
◊ tc laHkkfor lnL; bl ladYiuk dks le> tkrs gS]a rc dk vkdkj rFkk u, m|eksa ds laHkkfor ykHk vkfn ds ckjs esa
mRikndksa ds vfHkfpfàr lewg dh le> dks vkSj lq–<+ laHkkfor lnL;ksa dks leqfpr :i ls crk;k tkuk pkfg,A
djus ds fy, lQy mRiknd daifu;ksa ds KkuktZu nkSjs v/;k; 4 esa dkjksckj ;kstuk fodflr djus dh çfØ;k ij
dk vk;kstu fd;k tk ldrk gSA laHkkfor lnL;ksa dks foLrkj ls ppkZ dh xbZ gSA
ladYiukvksa ,oa i)fr;ksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh çnku djus ds
fy, KkuktZu nkSjs dks f'k{k.k d{k esa çf'k{k.k dh rqyuk esa ◊ blds lkFk gh lnL;ksa ds lkFk ijke'kZ djds rFkk mudh
csgrj ik;k x;k gSA rFkkfi KkuktZu nkSjs dh ;kstuk /;ku ls lgk;rk ls 'kq#vkr drkZ mRiknd daiuh ds çR;ssd
rS;kj dh tkuh pkfg, rFkk fdlh vuqHkoh O;kfä }kjk bldk inkf/kdkjh dh Hkwfedkvksa ,oa ftEesnkfj;ksa dks fu/kkZfjr djrs
lapkyu fd;k tkuk pkfg, tks lgh ifjçs{; esa phtksa dks gq, ^laxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsn* dk çk:i rS;kj djrk
le>kus esa leFkZ gksA vkxs pydj] tc mRiknd daiuh dk gSA 'ks;j /kkjdksa dks daiuh ds fy, vf/k—r iwath2 rFkk
fuxeu gks tkrk gS] fuEufyf[kr {ks=ksa esa ¼ijarq brus rd gh çR;sd 'ks;j dh ykxr dks Hkh vafre :i nsuk gksrk gSA
lhfer ugha gS½ funs'kd eaMy ds lnL;ksa ds fy, fuEufyf[kr 'ks;j dh ykxr rFkk çfr lnL; 'ks;jksa dh la[;k dks vafre
ç;kstuksa ds fy, vkSipkfjd çf'k{k.k dh t:jr gksxh & ¼d½ :i nsrs le; vkfFkZd –f"V ls oafpr 'ks;j /kkjdksa dh
Hkkx rhu
mRiknd daiuh ds fu;eksa ,oa fofu;eksa dks le>uk] ¼[k½ Hkqxrku djus dh {kerk ij Hkh fopkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
daiuh jftLVªkj dh lkafof/kd vis{kk,a] ¼x½ mRiknd daiuh
dh dkjksckj ;kstuk] ¼?k½ ljdkjh ;kstuk,a] ¼³½ usrR` o] ¼p½ ◊ tc ;s nLrkost rS;kj gks tk,a] rks 'ks;j /kkjdksa dh igyh
ys[kk rS;kj djus ,oa fjdkMZ j[kus dh cqfu;knh ckrsa rFkk vkSipkfjd cSBd dk vk;kstu djuk pkfg,A bl cSBd dh
blh rjg ds vU; igyw ftudh vko';drk eglwl dh ewy dk;Zokghlaxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsn rFkk daiuh ds
tk ldrh gSA lq>ko fn;k tkrk gS fd dk;ZØe dysMa j funs'kd eaMy ds p;u@fuokZpu ij vuqeksnu çkIr djuk
lesr funs'kd eaMy ds fy, ,d {kerk fuekZ.k ;kstuk gj gksrk gSA rFkkfi] ;gka 'kq#vkr drkZ ds fy, ;g mfpr gksrk
lky rS;kj dh tk, vkSj çorZd ,tsla h }kjk le;≤ gS fd os bl pj.k ij pquko ls cpsa D;ksafd blls lnL;ksa ds
ij mldh leh{kk dh tk,A lnL;rk dh çfØ;k ds ckjs chp njkj mRiUu gks ldrh gSA rFkkfi ;fn pquko ds fy,
esa mRikndksa dks le>kus dh t:jr gksrh gSA lkekU; rkSj fLFkfr;ka vuqdwy gksa] rks 'kq#vkr drkZ pquko djk ldrk
ij 'ks;j dk ewY; 10 #i, çfr 'ks;j j[kk tkrk gSA çR;sd gS D;ksafd pquko dh çfØ;k viukus ls yksdrkaf=d çfØ;k
lnL; ls 'ks;j iwt a h dk va'knku mRikndksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr ,oa ikjnf'kZrk esa o`f) gksrh gSA
ij fuHkZj gksrk gSA ,,l, }kjk fodflr mRiknd daifu;ksa
esa çfr lnL; 'ks;jksa dh la[;k 100 ls 200 ds chp gksrh gSA ◊ daiuh ds funs'kdksa dh p;fur lwph rFkk laxe Kkiu
dqN mRiknd daifu;ksa esa lnL;ksa dks leku la[;k esa 'ks;jksa ,oa laxe vuqPNsn ij lnL;ksa dh lgefr çkIr dj ysus
2 laiw.kZ çfØ;k es 2 ls 6 eghus dk le; yx ldrk gS ¼dHkh dHkh blls vf/kd le; Hkh yx ldrk gS½] tks mRikndksa dh çsj.kk ,oa >qdko ij fuHkZj gksrk gSA

53
viable producer
enhance theowned
democraticFPOs.process and transparency. operations
website of MCA)for various
4
. Aftercrops.
filling the required information,
the form has to be submitted online to the ‘Certification
4.2 Detailed guidelines for the promotion of FPOs, 5.6 DAC and 5’its designated agencies will work with
¸ After taking the consent of the members on the Agencies . The DSCs are typically issued with one to
selected list of directors of the company and the two year validity. These are renewable on expiry of the
Memorandum and Articles of Association, the period of initial issue. The official fee for issuance of
initiator can go ahead with the registration process. DSC is ` 1800/-. In addition, the Certification Agency
The amount collected through shareholders could charges a service fee which vary from agency to agency.
be used for registration fees and other processing
related expenditures like fees for Company secretary, Step 2: Director Identification Number (DIN)
stationary, travel etc. In the books of accounts5.7 it DAC will work
The DIN number withcan
Ministry of Corporate
be obtained onlineAffairs
only and
from the
can be shown as loan taken from the share capital. other company
stakeholders
affairs cell
to further
at Noida,
clarifyUP
andwithout
strengthen
any fees
Once the company mobilises resources through provisions by providing of the
identification
law relating proof
to thenumber
registration,
(Only PAN
business it can be repaid. management
Card, Voter Identity
and regulation
card, passport
of FPOsorwithdriving
a viewlicense
same.
number
to is accepted).
fostering fast pacedThe prescribed
growth of FPOs. form is available
¸ After having registration of the company, the first in the website of Ministry of Corporate Affairs and the
General meeting of the shareholders should 6. be ROLE OF STATE
application can GOVERNMENT
be done online.INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
conducted within the mandatory 90 days of the SUPPORTING FPOS
5.1 Department
registration.
of Agriculture
Other than anddiscussing
Cooperation business Step 3: Naming of a Producer Company6
the(DAC),
Ministry
plan,oftheAgriculture,
General Body Govt.
hasoftoIndia
select/elect
will actthe
asBoard A Producer Company should be named using the
the nodal
of Directors
agencyfor for the
the next
development
tenure. The
andproceedings
growth following suffix “…..Producer Company Limited”
of FPOs.
of the meeting should be sent to the Registrar of appropriately indicating its status of producer company.
Company (RoC) within 60 days of the meeting The word “private” is not used in the name and the
along with the list of finalized BoD. absence of which does not indicate that the company
is a “public”.
The entire process might take two to six months 6.1.1 By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
(sometimes more), depending upon the motivation The procedures registered underfor selecting
the relevant andState
applying
legislation
for the
and inclination of the producers. availability
and of self-help
name for groups/federations
a Producer Company for are:
all
2.5 REGISTRATION OF PC ¸ Select,in order of preference,
to member-owned at least
institutions fromonetime
suitable
A step-wise basic information for the registration of a name up to a maximum of five names, indicative
to time.
‘Producer Company’ is described as under: of the main objects of the company.
suppliers, technology providers, extension 3and licenses to FPOs to trade in inputs (seed,
Step 1: Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) : ¸ Ensure that the name does not resemble the name
The Information Technology Act, 2000 has the provision of any other already registered company and also
of use of Digital Signatures on the documents in order does not violate the provisions of emblems and
5.3 The
to ensure
mandate the of
security
National andCooperative
authenticityDevelopment
of the documents names (Prevention of Improper Use Act, 1950) by
Corporation
filed electronically.
(NCDC)It willis now
be mandatory
expanded totoinclude
have Digital availing the services of checking name availability
FPOs in theoflistminimum
Signature of eligibleoneinstitutions
Directorwhich receive prior 6.1.3onBy
or Chairman theusing
portalFPOs( http://www.mca.gov.in).
as producers of certified
support
to enter under
the formal
the various
registration
programmes
process. of This
theis the seed, saplings and other planting material
only secure and authentic way that a document can ¸ Apply
Corporation. andtoextending
the concerned Registrar
production andofmarketing
Companies to
be submitted electronically. As such, all filings done ascertain
subsidies theonavailability of name in e-Form 1(A)7
par with cooperatives.
by the companies are required to be filed with the by logging in to the portal (http://www.mca.gov.
use of Digital Signatures. Thus, it is necessary for a in). A fee of ` 500/-8 has to be paid alongside and
company to authorize a person’s signature who will the digital signature of the applicant proposing the
5.5 DAC
sign will
the work
documents.
with Food Corporation of India (FCI) company has to be attached in the form. If all the
and State Governments to encourage them to proposed five names are not available, the applicant
The prescribed
include FPOs as application
procurement form for DSC is available
agencies under at will be intimated by Registrar of Companies (RoC)
the website
Minimum of Support
Ministry of Price
Corporate
(MSP) Affairs
procurement
(henceforth and subsequently the applicant has to apply for a
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
ds ckn 'kq#vkr drkZ vc iathdj.k dh çfØ;k 'kq: dj dh vof/k lekIr 4-2 gks,Qihvks
tkus ijds budk lao/kZu uohdj.k
ds fy, foLr` djk;k r fn'kkfuns
tk ldrk 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
ldrk gSA 'ks;j /kkjdksa ds ek/;e ls bdëk fd, x, gSA fMftVy gLrk{kj lkFk çek.klayXu i= gS,a tkjh
ftlesdjus a lalk/ku ds lafy, LFkkvksfu/kkZ
a dsfjrp;u dh fof/k]
/ku dk ç;ksx iathdj.k 'kqYd rFkk çkslsflax ls lacaf/kr 'kqYd 1800 #i, gSctV A blds,oa vykok] iathdj.kçek.ku dh çfØ;k,a
,tsafl;ka'kkfey lsok 'kqgSYAa dbudk mís';]
vU; 'kqYd tSls fd daiuh lsØsVjh ds fy, 'kqYd] ys[ku Hkh ysrh gSa t¨ ,tsal,Qihvks
h nj ,ts ds allaho/kZfHkUu u esa gks
'kkfeyrh gSAdsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
lkexzh] ;k=k O;; vkfn ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
ys[kkcgh esa bu [kpksaZ dks 'ks;j iwath ls fy, x, _.k ds esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
:i esa n'kkZ;k tk ldrk gSA tc daiuh vius dkjksckj pj.k 2 % funs'kd igpku lM+d ekufp= la[;k ¼MhvkbZ çnku ,djuk u½ gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
ds ek/;e ls lalk/ku tqVk ysxh] rc bl _.k dks pqdrk igpku dk çek.k ¼ds oy a iSdku ç;ks
fuf/k;ks dkMZx] ,Qihvksernkrk dsigpku lao/kZui=] ikliks
ds fy, fd;k VZ tk jgk gksA
fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;k Mªkbfoax ykblsla rFkkfi] Lohdkj;fnfd, tkrs gS
½
a miyC/k djkdj
jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa fdlh
'kqYd dk Hkqxrku fd, dk ç;ksx dj Mk]
cxS j uks , jghmÙkj
gS]a rksçns os ',Qihvks
k fLFkr dh dailgk;rk
uh dk;Z ds fy, vius
◊ daiuh dk iathdj.k gks tkus ds ckn 'ks;j /kkjdksa dh igyh çdks " B ls funs'kd igpku
Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ldrk
la [ ;k v‚uykbu çkIr fd;k tk ds fy, Lora= gSAa
vke cSBd iathdj.k ds 90 fnu ds vanj vfuok;Z :i gSA fu/kkZfjr QkeZ dkjiksjVs ekeyksa ds ea=ky; dh osclkbV ij
ls cqyk;h tkuh pkfg,A dkjksckj ;kstuk ij ppkZ djus miyC/k gS rFkk vkosnu v‚uykbu fd;k tk ldrk gSA
ds vykok] lkekU; fudk; dks vxys dk;Zdky ds fy,
funs'kd eaMy dk p;u@fuokZpu djuk gksrk gSA cSBd
ds 60 fnu ds vanj vafre :i fn, x, funs'kd eaMy pj.k 3 % mRiknd daiuh,oadklgdkfjrk
5-1 —f"k ukedj.k6 foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
dh lwph ds lkFk cSBd dh dk;Zokgh dk fooj.k daiuh mRiknd daiuh dh ljdkj gSfl;r,Qihvks dk mi;qdsä fodkl <ax ls ,oa mYysçxfr [k djrsds fy, gq, ç/kku laLFkk
jftLVªkj ¼vkjvkslh½ dks Hkstuk pkfg,A ^^-------- mRiknd diuh ds :ifyfeVs esa dke M** tS djslxs kAçR;k; dk ç;ksx djds
mRiknd daiuh dk ukedj.k djuk pkfg,A uke esa ^^çkbosV**
laiw.kZ ifØ;k es 2 ls 6 eghus dk le; yx ldrk gS ¼dHkh dHkh 'kCn dk ç;ksx ugha fd;k tkrk gS rFkk bldh vuqifLFkfr ls bl
blls Hkh vf/kd le; yx ldrk gS½] tks mRikndksa dh çsj.kk ,oa ckr dk ladsr ugha feyrk fd daiuh ^^lkoZtfud** daiuh ugha gSA
>qdko ij fuHkZj gksrk gSA
mRiknd daiuh ds çca fy,/kuuke ds dh fy,miyC/krk vkSj fuos'dsk çkSfy, n~;ksvkos
fxdhnu,oadjus cktkjksa ls laca/k
LFkkfir
,oa p;u djus dh çfØ;k bl çdkj gS % djus ds fy, ,dy L=ks r ds :i es a dke djus ds
2-5 mRiknd daiuh dk iathdj.k fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
^mRiknd daiuh* ds iathdj.k ds fy, pj.kokj cqfu;knh lwpukvksa ◊ vf/kd ls vf/kd ,l,Q,lhikap ukeksjkT; a ds lkFk
ljdkjks dea] ls,Qihvksde ,drFkkmi;q ä ds lao/kZu
,Qihks
dk o.kZu uhps fd;k x;k gS % uke dk p;u,oa rjthghfodkl esØe esa djsvU;
a 'kkfey a] tkslada LFkkaiuh
vksa dsdks eqpgq
[;¡eq[kh lgk;rk
mís';ksa dks baçnku
fxr djs djsAxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
pj.k 1 % fMftVy gLrk{kj çek.k i= ¼Mh,llh½3 % ◊ iksVZy ¼http://www.mca.gov.in
çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] ½ij foLrkjûkeks,oa a dhvuqmiyC/krk
la/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh vf/kfu;e] 2000 esa nLrkostksa ij fMftVy dh tkap lsokfoi.ku
çkIr djds ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds fdlh
lq f uf'pr djs a fd igys ls chp lrr laidksaZ
gLrk{kj dk ç;ksx djus dk çko/kku gS rkfd bysDVª‚fud :i ls vU; iath—rrFkk daiuh lacdsa/kksa uke
dk l`lstpquusdjs x,xkAukeksa dh lekurk
nkf[ky fd, x, nLrkostksa dh lqj{kk ,oa çekf.kdrk dk lqfu'p; u gks rFkk çrhd fpà ,oa uke ¼vuqfpr ç;ksx fu"ks/k½
gks ldsA vc vkSipkfjd iathdj.k çfØ;k dh 'kq#vkr ls iwoZ 5-3 1950
vf/kfu;e] jk"Vªhds; çko/kkuks
lgdkfjrk a dkfodkl mYya?kufuxe u gksdsA fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
de ls de ,d funs'kd ;k ps;jeSu dk fMftVy gLrk{kj çkIr varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
djuk vfuok;Z gks x;k gSA ;g lqjf{kr ,oa çekf.kr <ax ls fdlh ◊ iksVy esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey½ijdjusy‚xds fy,
Z ¼http://www.mca.gov.in bu jk"Vª djdsh; lgHkkfxrk
nLrkost dks bysDVª‚fud :i ls çLrqr djus dk ,d ek= rjhdk fodkl
bZ&QkeZ 1 ¼,½7 esa ukefuxe dh miyC/krk ¼,ulhMhlh½ dk lqdsfu'p; vf/kns'djus
k dkdsfoLrkj fd;k
gSA bl çdkj] daifu;ksa }kjk tks Hkh nLrkost@lwpuk,a nkf[ky tk,xkA
fy, lacfa /kr daiuh jftLVªkj ds ikl vkosnu djsAa blds
dh tkrh gSa mudks fMftVy gLrk{kj ds ç;ksx ds lkFk nkf[ky lkFk 5005-4 #i,8
usQsMds¼,u,,QbMh½
'kqYd dk Hkqx,srku lh ik= djuk gksrk a gSdhrFkk
laLFkkvks lwph esa ,Qihvks
djus dh t:jr gksrh gSA bl rjg ls daiuh ds fy, ;g vfuok;Z QkeZ ds lkFkdksda'kkfey
iuh dkdjus çLrko djus
ds fy, dne mBk,xk tksokys vkos n d dk ewY; leFkZu
gS fd os fdlh O;fä ds gLrk{kj dks vf/k—r djsa] tks nLrkostksa fMftVy gLrk{kj
laca/khlay[kjhnnkjh
Xu djuk dk gksrkdk;Z gSA ;fn djusikapdsksa çLrkfor
fy, mldh vksj ls
ij gLrk{kj djsxkA uke miyC/k dkeugha gks r s gS
djrs gSaA ]
a rks da i uh jftLVª kj }kjk vkosnd
dks lwfpr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk ckn esa vkosnd dks mlh
Mh,llh ds fy, fu/kkZfjr vkosnu i= dkjiksjsV ekeyksa ds vkosnu5-5ij u,
—f"kuke,oadslgdkfjrk fy, vkosfoHkkx nu djuk Hkkjrh;gksrk[kk|
gSA fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
ea=ky; dh osclkbV ¼vc blds vkxs bls ,elh, dh osclkbV vkS j jkT; ljdkjks a ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
dgk x;k gS½ ij miyC/k gS4A visf{kr lwpukvksa dks nkf[ky djus blds vykok] ;fnfofHkUu t:jrQlyks gksra h dsgS] fy, U;wure leFkZ
rks mRiknd daiuhu ewdkY; ¼,e,lih½
ds ckn vkosnu i= ^çek.ku ,tsalh*5 ds ikl v‚uykbu çLrqr uke cnyus dh vkxs Hkh xqatkb'k jgrh gSA rFkkfi] xZckj&ckj
ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZ o kb;ks a ds va r r [kjhn ,oa olwyh
djuk gksrk gSA fof'k"V :i ls 1 ;k 2 o"kZ dh oS/krk ds lkFk uke cnyuk vklkulaLugha Fkkvksgks
a sa rdsk gS:i A daesia uh,Qihvks vf/kfu;e] dks 'kkfey
1956 dhdjus ds fy,
çks R lkfgr fd;k
fMftVy gLrk{kj çek.k i= tkjh fd, tkrs gSaA vkjafHkd fuxZe /kkjk 21 ds vuqlkj] funs'kd eaMy ds nks frgkbZ rFkk lkekU; tk lds A
fresh name on the same application. NATIONAL POLICY
confirming the availability of name for formation
of the company should be made;
Moreover, there is further scope of changing the ¸ Memorandum FOR THE and PROMOTION OF FARMER
Articles of Association dulyPRODUCER
PC’s name, if required. However it is not easy to do it stamped and signed;
frequently. As per the company Act 1956 section 21, an ¸ Form 18 regarding situation (full address) of
application to RoC with a supporting of a resolutions PREAMBLE
Registered Office13
passed by 2/3 majority of BoD and 1/3 of General Body ¸ Form 32 (in duplicate) regarding particulars of
and fees of ` 500 is required to be submitted along directors 14
with new proposed name and 4 other alternatives in ¸ Formmarginal 1 (on a stamp farmers, paper) intodeclaring
producercompliance organisations has 2.3
order of preference. of all and incidental matters regarding formation
of companies15
Step 4: Memorandum & Articles of Association9 ¸ Formto29 address
– consent the of many challenges of agriculture but
the director
After ascertaining the name of the producer company, ¸ An affidavit most importantly,
has to be submittedimprovedbyaccess to investments,
subscribers, if
a memorandum and articles of association have to be technology and inputs
the Memorandum of Association is submitted in and markets. Department of 2.4
prepared. HindiAgriculture
by subscribers claiming the Ministry
and Cooperation, understanding of Agriculture,
of same.
¸ Memorandum and Articles of Association should ¸ Power of Attorney.registered under the special provisions
organisation 2.5
be printed (preferably a computer print out - printed
on both side of the paper). Please note that all the information and forms are available
¸ Get the Memorandum and Articles of Association on the website institutional
of MCAform around which to mobilize
(http://www.mca.gov.in) and that farmers
duly stamped, the Memorandum and Articles of the formsand canbuild their capacity
be directly accessedtoand collectively leverage their
filled in on-line.
3.
Association subscribed/signed by the requisite production and marketing strength.
number of subscribers/ promoters, in his/her own Step 6: Certificate of Incorporation 3.1
hand, his/her father’s name, occupation, address ¸ The This Registrar
policy ofdocument
the Companies, is meant on being
to serve satisfied
as a reference
and the number of shares subscribed for. that and
all the documents for the
guide to Central and State Governmentincorporation of aagencies
company is submitted, he is obliged to register the
Ensure that the Memorandum and Article is dated on memorandum, the articles and other documents,
a date after the date of stamping. Organisations,
if any, and issue a especially‘certificate producer companies and
of incorporation’
link
within them
thirty to benefits
days, which isunder variousproof
a conclusive programmes
of its and
3.2
Step 5: Documents to be submitted to the RoC for schemes
formation of theofCentral
in terms Part IX A.and State Governments.
[Section 581C (2)].
PART THREE
the Incorporation of Producer Company11 ¸ The incorporation of Producer Company is effective
File the following documents along with the fees from1. theVISION:date mentioned
To build a in prosperous
the certificate and sustainable
of
payable12 with the Registrar of Companies of the state, registration agriculture
granted by sector
the Registrar
by promoting of Company.
and supporting
where the Registered Office of the company is to be ¸ On incorporation, member-owned a company Producer
becomes Organisations,
a juristic that
situated: person, i.e. enablea person
farmersintothe enhance
eyes ofproductivity
law. It has through
¸ Copy of the letter of Registrar of Companies perpetualefficient,
successioncost-effective
i.e. its members
and sustainable may come resource use
4.
http://www.mca.gov.in collective action supported by the government, 4.1
4
5
Certification Agencies are appointed by the office of the Controller of Certification Agencies (CCA) under the provisions of IT Act, 2000. There are a total of seven
andCertification
Certification Agencies authorised by the CCA to issue the Digital Signature Certificates (DSCs). The details of these fruitful collaboration with
Agencies are available on theacademia,
portal of the research
Ministry of Corporate Affairs www.mca.gov.in agencies, civil society and the private sector.
6
As per the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2002, Section No. 581B.
7
Pursuant to Section 20 & 21 of the Companies Act 1956.
8
Fees should be deposited in the regional bank authorised by the MCA. 2. MISSION
9
A small write-up on Memorandum of Association and Articles is given in Appendix 2.
10
Stamping should be done in accordance with the requirement of the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 and the 2.1applicable
To promote economically
rate depending on the State whereviable, democratic,
the Registered Office and
of the company is to be situated.
11
The applicant can apply for registration of the new company within six months of name approval.
12 (FPOs)
The amount of registration fees to be paid will depend upon t he authorised share capital kept by the company in the Article of Association.
13
As per the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2002, Section No. 146.
14
As per the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2002, Section No. 303. 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
As per the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2002, Section No. 33 (2). by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions
15
16
CA and CS denotes Chartered Accounting and Company Secretary firms respectively.

fudk; ds ,d frgkbZ cgqer ls ikfjr çLrko rFkk 500 #i, ◊ funs'kdksa14 ds fooj.k ds laca/k esa QkeZ 32 ¼nks çfr;ksa esa½ ;k
ds 'kqYd ds lkFk vkosnu i= daiuh jftLVªkj dks ojh;rk Øe ◊ daifu;ksa ds xBu ds laca/k esa lHkh ,oa vkuq"kakfxd ekeyksa ds
esa pkj vU; fodYiksa rFkk u, çLrkfor uke ds lkFk çLrqr vuqikyu dh ?kks"k.kk djus okyk QkeZ 1 ¼LVkEi isij ij½15
djuk gksrk gSA ◊ QkeZ 29& funs'kd dh lgefr
◊ ;fn HkqxrkudrkZ }kjk fgUnh esa laxe Kkiu çLrqr fd;k
tkrk gS] rks HkqxrkudrkZ }kjk bl vk'k; dk ,d gyQukek
pj.k 4 % laxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsn9 çLrqr djuk gksxk fd os fgUnh le>rs gSa
mRiknd daiuh ds uke dk lqfuf'pr djus ds i'pkr laxe Kkiu ◊ ikoj v‚Q vV‚uhZA
,oa laxe vuqPNsn rS;kj djus dh t:jr gksrh gSA
◊ laxe Kkiu rFkk rFkk laxe vuqPNsn eqfær gksus pkfg, —i;k /;ku nsa fd lHkh lwpuk,a ,oa QkeZ dkjiksjsV ekeyksa ds
¼ojh;rk& daI;wVj fçaV vkmV tks isij ds nksuksa rjQ eqfær ea=ky; dh osclkbV ¼http://www.mca.gov.in½ ij miyC/k gSa
gks½A rFkk ;g fd QkeZ lh/ks [kksys tk ldrs gSa vkSj v‚uykbu nkf[ky
◊ laxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsn ij fof/kor LVkEi10 fd, tk ldrs gSaA
yxok,aA laxe Kkiu rFkk laxe vuqPNsn ij visf{kr
la[;k esa vuqeksnudrkZ@çorZdksa }kjk muds gh gkFkksa ls pj.k 6 % fuxeu çek.k i=
gLrk{kj@vuqeksnu gksuk pkfg,] rFkk muds firk ds uke] ◊ tc daiuh jftLVªkj bl ckr ls lar"q V gks tkrs gSa fd daiuh
is'kk] O;olk; rFkk vuqeksfnr fd, x, 'ks;jksa dh la[;k dk ds fuxeu ds fy, lHkh nLrkost tek dj fn, x, gS]a rks
mYys[k gksuk pkfg,A og Kkiu] vuqPNsnksa rFkk vU; nLrkostks]a ;fn dksbZ gks] dks
◊ lqfuf'pr djsa fd Kkiu ,oa vuqPNsn ij rkjh[k ,slh Mkyh iath—r djus rFkk 30 fnu ds vanj ^fuxeu çek.k i= tkjh
gks tks LVkEi yxkus dh rkjh[k ds ckn dh gksA djus ds fy, ck/; gksrs gS]a tks Hkkx 9d ¿/kkjk 521 x ¼2½À
dh –f"V ls daiuh ds xBu dk fu.kkZ;d çek.k gksrk gSA
pj.k 5% mRiknd daiuh ds fuxeu ds fy, daiuh jftLVªkj ds ◊ mRiknd daiuh dk fuxeu daiuh jftLVªkj }kjk çnku
ikl tek fd, tkus okys nLrkost11 fd, x, iathdj.k çek.k i= esa mfYyf[kr rkjh[k ls ykxw
◊ ns; 'kqYd12 ds lkFk ml jkT; ds daiuh jftLVªkj ds lkFk gksrk gSA
fuEufyf[kr nLrkost nkf[ky djsa] tgka daiuh dk iath—r ◊ fuxeu gks tkus ij daiuh fof/k'kkL=h; O;fä vFkkZr dkuwu
dk;kZy; fLFkr gksuk gS % dh utjksa esa O;fä cu tkrh gSA blds 'kk'or mÙkjkf/kdkjh
◊ daiuh ds xBu ds fy, uke dh miyC/krk dh iqf"V djus gksrs gSa vFkkZr blds lnL; vk vkSj tk ldrs gSa ijarq
okys daiuh jftLVªkj ds i= dh çfr layXu dh tkuh daiuh rc rd pyrh gS tc rd fd dkuwu dh çfØ;k dk
pkfg, vuqlj.k djds bls can ugha fd;k tkrk gSA
◊ laxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsn ij fof/kor LVkEi yxk gks ◊ bldh ,d lkekU; eqgj gksrh gS ftls fdlh funs'kd dh
Hkkx rhu
rFkk mu ij fof/kor gLrk{kj fd, x, gksa mifLFkfr esa daiuh dh vksj ls fu"ikfnr lHkh nLrkostksa
◊ iath—r dk;kZy;13 dh fLFkfr ds laca/k esa QkeZ 18 ¼iwjk ij yxk;k tkrk gS rFkk ml ij vf/k—r gLrk{kjdrkZ ;k
irk½ ;k gLrk{kj drkZvksa }kjk gLrk{kj gksus pkfg,A
http://www.mca.gov.in
4
5
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh vf/kfu;e 2000 ds çko/kkuksa ds varxZr çek.ku ,tsalh fu;a=d ¼lhlh,½ ds dk;kZy; }kjk çek.ku ,tsafl;ka fu;qä dh tkrh gSaA fMftVy gLrk{kj çek.k i= ¼Mh,llh½ tkjh
djus ds fy, lhlh, }kjk dqy 7 çek.ku ,tsfl;ksa dks vf/k—r fd;k x;k gSA bu çek.ku ,tsafl;ksa dk C;kSjk dkjiksjsV ekeyksa ds ea=ky; dh osclkbV www.mca.gov.in ij miyC/k gSA
6
daiuh ¼l'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2002 dh /kkjk la[;k 581 [k ds vuqlkjA
7
daiuh vf/kfu;e] 1956 dh /kkjk 20 ,oa 21 ds vuqlj.k esa
8
'kqYd daiuh ekeys ea=ky; }kjk vf/k—r {ks=h; cSad esa tek djk;k tkuk pkfg,A
9
ifjf'k"V 2 esa laxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsn dk laf{kIr C;kSsjk fn;k x;k gSA
10
Hkkjrh; LVkEi vf/kfu;e] 1989 dh vis{kk rFkk ykxw nj ds vuqlj.k esa LVkEi isij dk ç;ksx djuk pkfg, tks ml jkT; ij fuHkZj gksrk gS tgka daiuh dk iath—r dk;kZy; fLFkr gksus okyk gSA
16
lh, ,oa lh,l dk vfHkçk; Øe'k% lunh ys[kkdkj ,oa daiuh lfpo QeZ ls gSA

55
viable andproducer
go but owned
the company A power of for
FPOs. goes on till it is wound operations attorney
variousholder
crops.is, specifically, authorised
up by following the process of law. to make corrections, as may be necessary in the
¸ It has a common seal, which is affixed on all the Memorandum and Articles of Association and all
documents executed on behalf of the company in other documents filed with the RoC and to attest the
the presence of a director and be signed by the same on their behalf and to receive the Certificate of
authorized signatory or signatories. Incorporation.
¸ It is empowered to hold all properties in its own
name and has its own right. It can sue others and Step 7: Tasks to be completed immediately after
can be sued by other and enter into contracts in incorporation of the PC
its own name. 5.7 DAC will work with
The following tasksMinistry
have toofbe
Corporate
completed Affairs and
immediately
after incorporation:
Power of Attorney: All the work required to incorporate provisions ¸ Open aofBank the Account
law relating
withtominimum
the registration,
two officially
the Producer Company can be done either by the BoD management nominatedand signatories
regulation
in the
of FPOs
namewith
of thea Company.
view
same.
or alternatively, the General Body can authorize anyone to Procurefast
¸ fostering PANpaced
number from the
growth Income Tax and TIN
of FPOs.
of them or any other person to follow the matter with number from the Commercial Tax Department to
the RoC (in most cases the service of a Chartered 6. ROLEcarry OF STATE GOVERNMENT
out business. INSTITUTIONS
Also, the company have IN to
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
Accounting firm or Company Secretary is acquired for SUPPORTING FPOSfor Service Tax from Commercial
register itself
5.1 Department
the purpose).of In Agriculture
the latterand Cooperation
case, they have (DAC),
to execute Tax Department and VAT from Excise department.
Ministry
a powerofofAgriculture,
attorney in Govt.
favourofofIndia
the will
person,
act as
who is ¸ Apply for the commercial connection of Power
the
authorised
nodal agency
to act for
onthe
their
development
behalf. and growth supply to related agency/board for the office of
of FPOs. the PC.
A power of attorney form duly stamped and executed ¸ Establishment of company office means
by all the subscribers of directors have to be submitted arrangement of furniture and fixture along with a
to the RoC. visible signage board.
2.6 ESTIMATED COST FOR INCORPORATION OF A PRODUCER and COMPANYself-help groups/federations for all
provide
Table 2 all- belowroundprovides
supportantoestimated
State Governments,
cost required for the incorporation of a producer
FPOs
company and other
with minimum
entities engaged
mandatory
in promotion
authorisedandcapital of ` 5 lacs
to time.
TABLE 2: ESTIMATED
sustainable linkagesCOST FOR INCORPORATION
between OF A PRODUCER6.1.2
FPOs and inputs COMPANY
By making provisions for easy issue of
Particular technology providers, extension and Heads
suppliers, licenses to FPOs to trade in inputs (seed, Amount (`)
research
Application agencies
for name and
of PCmarketing and processing Fees fertilizer, farm machinery, pesticides etc.) 500.00
players, both in the public and private sectors. Fees
Digital Signature for use of their members as well as routing 2,600.00
Stamp duty Memorandum the supply of
of Association agricultural inputs through
(MoA) 500.00
FPOs at
Article of Association(AoA) par with cooperatives. 1,000.00
Registration/filing fees MoA 16,000.00
support under the various programmes of the AoA seed, saplings and other planting material 300.00
Corporation. Form-1 and extending production and marketing 300.00

Form-18 subsidies on par with cooperatives. 300.00
5.4 NAFED will take steps to include FPOs in the list Form-32 300.00
ofFees
eligible institutions
of CA/CS17 firm*
which act on its behalf to 6.1.4
Consultancy fees
By suitable amendments in the APMC Act
10,000.00
undertake price support purchase operations.
Stamps cancellation Charge
to allow direct sale of farm produce by 300.00
5.5 DAC will expenses
Affidavit work with Food Corporation of India (FCI) Fees of Notary 450.00
and
Share State Governments
transfer to encourage
fees & processing charge them to 5,000.00
include
Total FPOs as procurement agencies under 37,550.00
Source: ASA * Note: Fees for CA and CS is driven by market rates.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
◊ og vius uke esa lHkh laifÙk;ksa dks /kkfjr djus ds fy,
ikoj v‚Q vV‚uhZ4-2 ,Qihvks
/kkjd fo'ks ds "lak o:i /kZu dsls fy, laxefoLr` r fn'kkfuns
Kkiu ,oa lax'Z k]e bl uhfr ds
vf/k—r gksrh gS rFkk blds vius vf/kdkj gksrs gSaA ;gvuqPNsn esa rFkk dalkFk iuh lajftLVª
yXu gSk,a j ftles ds ikl a lalnkf[kyk/ku laLFkkvks
lHkha dsvU;p;u dh fof/k]
nwljksa ij eqdnek pyk ldrh gS rFkk nwljksa }kjk Hkh bl
nLrkostksa esa vko';drk ctV ,oa iatlhdj.k
ds vuq kj ladh'kks/kuçfØ;k,a djus 'kkfey
rFkk mudh gSAa budk mís';]
ij eqdnek pyk;k tk ldrk gS rFkk ;g vius uke esa vksj ls mUgsa lR;kfir ,Qihvks djusds vkSlaoj/kZfuxeu
u esa 'kkfey çek.kdsæa i=ljdkj çkIr,oadjus jkT; ljdkj dh
lafonk dj ldrh gSA ds fy, vf/k—r gkslarLk Fkkvks gSA a dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
ikoj v‚Q vV‚uhZ % mRiknd dai uh ds fuxeu ds fy, pj.k 7 % ,sls dk;Z lM+ d a ekufp=
ftUgs mRiknd çnku daiuhdjuk ds fuxeu gS tcdsdsrqæa h;jar ;kstuk ds rgr
vis f {kr lHkh dk;Z funs' kd eaMy }kjk fd;k tk ldrk ckn iwjk djuk gksrfuf/k;ks k g a dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
gS ;k fodYi ds rkS j ij lkekU; fudk; dai uh jftLVªkj fuEufyf[kr dk;ksaZ dks rFkkfi] ;fn jkT;
fuxeu ds rqjljdkjsar ckna blds iwjk djukfy, jkT; gksrkdsgS ctV % ls fuf/k;ksa
ds lkFk ekeys dk ihNk djus ds fy, muesa ls fdlh dks dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
;k fdlh vU; O;fä dks vf/k—r dj ldrk gS ¼vf/kdka 'k ◊ vkf/kdkfjd rkSLo;a j ijds de Lorals= de nks euks
fn'kkfuns uhr gLrk{kj
'Z k fodflr djus drkZds fy, vksa Lora= gSAa
ekeyks a es a bl ç;kstu ds fy, fdlh lunh ys[kkdkj QeZ ds lkFk da iuh ds uke ls cS d
a [kkrk [kksy ukA
;k da i uh lfpo dh lso k,a yh tkrh gS a½A bl rjg ds ekeys ◊ dkjksckj5-djus ,Qihvks ds fy, vk;dj foHkkx ls iSu uacj rFkk okf.kT;
dh djukA lgk;rk
esa mUgs a m l O;fä ds i{k esa ikoj v‚Q vV‚uhZ rS ; kj djuh dj foHkkx ls VhvkbZ ,u çkIr bldsdjus vykok]esa dadsiuhaæ dks ljdkj dh
gks r h gS tks mudh vksj ls dke djus ds fy, vf/k—r lsok dj ds fy, laLFkkvks
okf.kT;a dhdj HkwfoHkkx fedkrFkk oSV ds fy, mRikn
gks r k gS A 'kqYd foHkkx
5-1 ds—f"kikl,oaviuk iathdj.kfoHkkx
lgdkfjrk djkuk(¼Mh,lh½
gksrk gSA —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
◊ mRiknd daiuhljdkj ds dk;kZ y; dsdsfy,fodkl
,Qihvks lacfa /kr,oa,ts la h@cks
çxfr ds Mfy,
Z ds ç/kku laLFkk
funs'kdksa ds lHkh HkqxrkudrkZ }kjk fof/kor fu"ikfnr ,oa ikl fo|q r vkiw frZ ds okf.kfT;d
ds :i esa dke djsxkA lae /
a k ds fy, vkos nu djukA
LVkEi;qä ,d ikoj v‚Q vV‚uhZ QkeZ daiuh jftLVªkj ds ikl ◊ daiuh dk dk;kZy; LFkkfir djuk vFkkZr Li"V :i ls fn[kkbZ
tek djuk gksrk gSA nsus okys5-2cksMZ dsy?kqlkFk—"kd
QuhZp—f"kj ,oaO;olk;fQDlpj ifjla ?k ¼,l,Q,lh½]
dh O;oLFkk djukA tks —f"k
2-6 mRiknd daiuh ds fuxeu dh vuqekfur ykxr LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
uhps lkj.kh 2 esa 5 yk[k #i, dh U;wure vfuok;Z vf/k—r iwath ds lkFk mRiknd da iuh ds fuxeu
,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjks ds fy,a] ,Qihvksvisf{kr ykxr rFkk ,Qihks dk ds lao/kZu
vuqeku n'kkZ;k x;k gS % ,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
lkj.kh 2% mRiknd daiuh ds fuxeu dh vuqekfur ykxr
fooj.k 'kh"kZ çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj jkf'k ,oa
¼#- vuqesa½ la/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
mRiknd daiuh ds uke ds fy, vkosnu 'kqYd foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;Zd 500-00
rkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
fMftVy gLrk{kj 'kqYd rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsx2]600-00 kA
LVkEi 'kqYd lax5-3
e Kkiujk"Vª¼,evks ,½
h; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe 500-00ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
laxe vuqPvaNsrnxZ¼,vksr lgk;rk
,½ çkIr djus1]000-00
ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
iathdj.k@Qkbfyax 'kqYd ,evks, es a ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
16]000-00
,vks, fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ 300-00 ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
tk,xkA
QkeZ 1 300-00
5-4
QkeZ 18 us Q s M ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,s l h ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
300-00
QkeZ 32 300-00
lunh ys[kkdkj@daiuh lfpo QeZ16* dk 'kqYd ijke'kZ 'kqYdke
d djrs gSaA 10]000-00
LVkEi fujlu çHkkj 300-00
gyQukek ij [kpZ uksVjh 'kqYdvkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk 450-00dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
‘ks;j varj.k 'kqYd ,oa çkslsflax çHkkj fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;w5]000-00 ure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
dqy ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ks a ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
37]550-00
lzksr% ,,l, *fVIi.kh% lunh ys[kkdkj ,oa dala
iuhLFkkvks
lfpo a dssa fy,
ds 'kq:i esa ,Qihvks
Yd cktkj nj ds vk/kkjdks 'kkfey
ij fy;k x;k gSdjus
A ds fy,
ASSESSING THE CAPITAL FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
REQUIREMENTS OF A PRODUCER COMPANY
PREAMBLE
(This Chapter elucidates the various factors to be considered and limitations faced while estimating the
working capital requirement of a Producers Company. Detailed discussion on the methods of financial
assessment is in the following chapter.) Collectivization of producers, especially small and
The working capital is estimated on the basis of following procured (month wise).
costs which may be fixed or variable in nature: ¸ Time of the activity (no. of days from procurement
¸ Raw materials, storage, processing, transportation, to address the many challenges of agriculture but
to sale).
insurance etc. The estimate is determined by the ¸ Purchasemost price,
importantly,
selling improved
price. access to investments,
nature and size of the business. ¸ Credit technology
limit with the andproducers
inputs andand markets. Department of
to the buyers. 2.4
¸ Staff salary, travel, rent, electricity, telephone and ¸ Monthly Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
other administrative expenses which can be termed ¸ Storage Govt. cash-in
of Indiaand cash-out projection,
has identified duration
farmer producer
as management and administration cost. and organisation
costs. registered under the special provisions 2.5
¸ Furniture, fixtures and other equipments like ¸ Transportation costs (producers to company and
computer, printer etc. company store to buyers).
¸ Infrastructures like warehouse, machineries etc. institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
¸ Grading/processing,
(if any) Capacity building cost for BoDs and the and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
¸ Insurance.
3.
executives of the PC. production
¸ Packaging costs,and marketing strength.
if any.
¸ Marketing costs, if any. 3.1
In the following paragraphs it has been attempted to ¸ Any This other costs
policy which isis specific
document meant to to theasarea
serve a reference
describe the processes or steps to be followed and the (statutory requirement. For example, in some
and guide to Central and State Government agencies states
factors to be considered for estimating the working buyers for agriculture produce outside the APMC
capital requirement. It is not possible to estimate the has to pay certain levy to the APMC for making
requirement of working capital since it depends on the Organisations,
purchase especially
from the farmers producer companies and
directly).
nature of business and its volume which would vary from link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
case to case. However, the processes described here A criticalschemes
evaluationofofthe theCentral and State
above criteria should Governments.
provide
PART THREE
are based on the experiences of ASA while establishing a reliable estimate of capital requirements.
several PCs. 1. VISION:
The experience of ASA To suggests
build athat
prosperous
the real challenge
and sustainable
for a PC is to mobilize
agricultureinitialsector
working bycapital
promoting
requirements.
and supporting
3.1 ASSESSING THE CAPITAL REQUIRED FOR INITIAL member-owned Producer Organisations, that
BUSINESS ACTIVITY This is due toenable
the following
farmersreasons:
to enhance productivity through
This is the initial amount required for starting the basic ¸ For any financial
efficient, cost-effective
institution PC andissustainable
a commercial resource use
4.
activities of PC such as initial investment which is entity andand therefore
realize higher
they require
returnsaformargin
their produce,
money through
mainly required for procurement of raw produce from contributioncollective
in the credit
actionapplication
supported from
by PCs.
the government,
This 4.1
the producers, storage, transportation processing, is difficultand
to befruitful
arranged
collaboration
by a PC,with
due academia,
to financialresearch
insurance etc. The quantum of capital would depend constraints.agencies, civil society and the private sector.
on the nature and volume of the business of PC. This ¸ PCs are also required to provide collateral for the
is part of the working capital of the PC. loan2.which MISSION
is again a constraint for a new business
While calculating the requirement of capital for the entity like PC.
above mentioned items the following points are to be ¸ Initially PCs do not have any credentials for doing
kept in view: successful business which also makes the financial
(FPOs)
¸ Number of producers/acreage/number of products institutions uncomfortable for financing.
and its month wise availability. 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
¸ Total expected volume of raw produce to be However, to overcome
by qualified these
and initial challenges
experienced the PCs
Resource Institutions

v/;k;&3
mRiknd daiuh dh iwath laca/kh
vko';drkvksa dk ewY;kadu
¼bl v/;k; esa mRiknd daiuh dh dk;Zdkjh iwath laca/kh vko';drkvksa dk vkdyu djrs le; çLrqr gksus okys vusd dkjdksa ,oa
lhekvksa ij ppkZ dh xbZ gS½A foÙkh; ewY;kadu dh fof/k;ksa ij vxys v/;k; esa foLrkj ls ppkZ dh xbZ gS½A
fuEufyf[kr ykxrksa ds vk/kkj ij dk;Zdkjh iwt

a h dk vuqeku yxk;k ◊ xfrfof/k dh vof/k ¼çki.k ls ysdj fcØh rd ds fnuksa dh
tkrk gS] tks vpy ;k py Lo:i dh gks ldrh gSa % la[;k½A
◊ dPpk eky] HkaMkj.k] çlaLdj.k] ifjogu] chek vkfnA ◊ Ø; ewY;] foØ; ewY;A
vuqeku dk fu/kkZj.k dkjksckj ds LOk:i ,oa vkdkj ds ◊ mRikndksa ds lkFk _.k lhek rFkk Øsrkvksa dh _.k lhekA
vuqlkj fd;k tkrk gSA ◊ ekfld HkaMkj.k] gkFk esa udn rFkk ckgj udn dk vuqeku]
◊ deZpkfj;ksa dk osru] ;k=k] fdjk;k] fctyh] VsyhQksu vkSj vof/k ,oa ykxrA
vU; ç'kklfud O;; ftUgsa çca/ku ,oa ç'kklfud ykxr dh ◊ ifjogu ykxr ¼mRikndksa ls daiuh rd rFkk daiuh ds
laKk nh tk ldrh gSA LVksj ls Øsrkvksa rd½A
◊ QuhZpj] fQDlpj rFkk vU; midj.k tSls fd daI;wVj] ◊ Js.khdj.k@çlaLdj.kA
fçaVj vkfnA ◊ chek
◊ volajpuk tSls fd eky xksnke] e'khujh vkfn ¼;fn dksbZ ◊ iSdsftax dh ykxr] ;fn dksbZ gksA
gks½] mRiknd daiuh ds funs'kd eaMy rFkk dk;Zikydksa ds ◊ foi.ku dh ykxr] ;fn dksbZ gksA
fy, {kerk fuekZ.k dh ykxrA ◊ dksbZ vU;] ykxr tks {ks= fof'k"V gksrh gS ¼tSls fd
lkafof/kd vis{kk] mnkgj.k ds fy, dqN jkT;ksa esa ,ih,elh
vxys vuqPNsnksa esa dk;Zdkjh iwath dh vko';drk dk vuqeku ds ckgj —f"k mRikn ds fy, Øsrkvksa dks fdlkuksa ls lh/ks
yxkus ds fy, vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh çfØ;kvksa ;k pj.kksa rFkk [kjhnus ds fy, ,ih,elh dks dfri; ysoh dk Hkqxrku
/;ku fn, tkus okys dkj.kksa dk o.kZu djus dk ç;kl fd;k x;k djuk gksrk gS½A
gSA dk;Zdkjh iwath dh vko';drk dk vuqeku yxkuk laHko ugha
gS D;ksafd ;g dkjksckj ds Lo:i rFkk bldh ek=k ij fuHkZj gksrh mi;qä
Z ekunaMksa ds lekykspukRed ewY;kadu ls iwt a h lac/a kh
gS] tks ek=k nj ek=k fHkUu gks ldrh gSA rFkkfi ;gka of.kZr vko';drk dk fo'oluh; vuqeku miyC/k gksuk pkfg,A
çfØ;k,a vusd mRiknd daifu;ksa dks LFkkfir djrs le; ,,l,
Hkkx rhu
ds vuqHko ij vk/kkfjr gSaA ,,l, ds vuqHko ls ladsr feyrk gS fd mRiknd daiuh ds fy,
okLrfod pqukSrh dk;Zdkjh iwath dh vkjafHkd vko';drkvksa dks
tqVkus ls lacaf/kr gSA
3-1 dkjksckj dh vkjafHkd xfrfof/k ds fy, visf{kr
iwath dk ewY;kadu ,slk fuEufyf[kr dkj.kksa ls gS %
;g mRiknd daiuh dh cqfu;knh xfrfof/k;ksa dks 'kq: djus ds fy, ◊ fdlh Hkh foÙkh; laLFkk ds fy, mRiknd daiuh okf.kfT;d laLFkk
visf{kr vkjafHkd jkf'k gS] tSls fd vkjafHkd fuos'k ftldh t:jr gksrh vkSj blfy, os mRiknd daifu;ksa ls _.k ds ç;ksx esa vUrj
eq[; :i ls mRikndksa ls dPps mRikn dh [kjhn ,oa fcØh] HkaMkj.k] /ku jkf’k ds va'knku dh vis{kk djrh gSAa foÙkh; raxh ds dkj.k
ifjogu] çlaLdj.k] chek vkfn ds fy, gksrh gSA iwt a h dh ek=k mRiknd daiuh ds fy, bldh O;oLFkk djuk dfBu gksrk gSA
mRiknd daiuh ds dkjksckj ds Lo:i ,oa ek=k ij fuHkZj gksrh gSA ◊ _.k ds fy, mRiknd daifu;ksa ls vuqçkalfxd miyC/k djkus
;g mRiknd daiuh dh dk;Zdkjh iwt a h dk fgLlk gksrh gSA dh Hkh vis{kk gksrh gS rFkk ;g mRiknd daiuh tSlh ubZ dkjksckj
laLFkk ds fy, vM+pu ds :i esa gksrk gSA
mi;qäZ enksa ds fy, iwt a h dh vko';drk dh x.kuk djrs le; ◊ 'kq: esa mRiknd daifu;ksa ds ikl lQy dkjksckj djus ds fy,
fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kus dh t:jr gksrh gS % dksbZ çR;; i= ugha gksrk gS rFkk bldh otg ls Hkh foÙkh;
◊ mRikndksa dh la[;k@tehu@mRiknksa dh la[;k rFkk laLFkk,a foÙkiks"k.k djus esa vlgtrk dk vuqHko djrh gSAa
bldh ekgokj miyC/krkA
◊ vf/kxzghr fd, tkus okys dPps mRikn dh dqy visf{kr rFkkfi bu vkjafHkd pqukSfr;ksa ls futkr ikus ds fy, ,,l, }kjk
ek=k ¼ekgokj½A laof/kZr mRiknd daifu;ksa us cpr ,oa ifjp; i= dk l`tu

57
viable
promotedproducer
by ASA, owned
haveFPOs.
followed a different business operations
¸ PCsfor tookvarious
the dealership
crops. from various companies
model in the initial couple of years before they have for agriculture implements like water pump sets,
generated reserves and credentials. They were: mechanized plough, tractor etc, which they
sold to the members at a reasonable price and
¸ The PCs ventured into a business, which required earned a good margin of profit/commission.
less or no working capital. Four such examples There was no need to stock those materials.
are given here. Implements were supplied on demand.
¸ The business of supplying agriculture inputs like
seeds and fertilizers to its members and also non- From the above examples the key learning that can
members. The PCs in this case had taken dealership 5.7 DAC
be drawn
will work
are:with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
of seeds and fertilizers from the public and private other
¸ Choose
stakeholders
those to business
further activities
clarify andinstrengthen
the initial years
companies and worked as commission agents on provisions
which of require
the law veryrelating
less capital
to theorregistration,
no capital and
behalf of those companies in supplying materials management
which areand riskregulation of FPOs
free. Normally with a view
in trading business
same.
to the members and also non-members on cash. activities
to fostering fastsuch pacedopportunity exists. The point to
growth of FPOs.
Because of the large scale of business the PCs could be noted that majority of the middlemen in the
make a good margin and not the least a business 6. ROLEagribusiness
OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
invest very little capital of theirIN own.
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
relationship with those companies which resulted SUPPORTING
¸ It is important FPOSfor the PCs to demonstrate success
5.1 Department
in gettingof credit
Agriculture and Cooperation
limit from (DAC),in the
those companies as quickly as possible to build credibility with the
Ministry of Agriculture,
subsequent years. Govt. of India will act as shareholders and other shareholders. It is imperative
the nodal
¸ Similar
agency experience
for the development
was inandthegrowth
case of therefore for the PC to start with something small
of FPOs.procurement of agricultural produce as a and undertake such activities which are low in risk
business model, when the PCs identified the and not so complicated from the management
prospective buyers and arranged buy back perspectives.
guarantee from them. As the produce was sold ¸ Demonstration of fair trade practices is very
at the farm gate level no transportation and 6.1.1important
By declaring FPOs
for the PC at par with
which cooperatives
is appreciated by both
storage cost were involved at the PC level. The theregistered
membersunder and thethetrade
relevant
andState
industry
legislation
with whom
PCs ensured a transparent transaction between PCanddoesself-help
the business.
groups/federations for all
the buyers and the sellers (members and non- benefits and facilities that are extended
members both) and by doing so they earned 3.2 MANAGEMENT
to member-owned AND institutions
OFFICE ADMINISTRATION
from time
some margin from the buyers. COSTSto time.
¸ Many PCs took the advantage of GoI’s scheme It is not compulsory for a PC to appoint a team of
which provide loan against the pledging of professional to look after its day to day business. They
Warehouse Receipts (WHR). As per the scheme, can do it themselves. However, from the experience it
the bankers extend loan up to 80% of the value is seen that for the PC to emerge as a profit making
of the produce against the pledging of the WHR. entity the role of professional managers cannot be
5.3 The mandate
This ofdoes
National
not require
Cooperative
any collateral.
Development This was ignored. The most successful example is the dairy
Corporation
mainly(NCDC)
used willfor be
theexpanded
seed production
to includeactivity cooperatives in India where professional managers have
FPOs in the
whenlist of
theeligible
PCs had institutions
to storewhich
the rawreceive
seeds for 6.1.3
contributed
By using
immenselyFPOs as to make
producers
it a success.
of certified
There are
support over
under sixthe
months.
various Theprogrammes
seed was produced
of the by many other
seed,successful
saplings and examples
other planting
of usingmaterial
professional
Corporation.
the members and payments were made in two management
and extending
viz. ASA’sproduction
producer companies,
and marketing PRADAN
installments – a) 80% of the payment at the promoted subsidies
poultryon andparTasar
withcooperatives
cooperatives.etc. Not only
time of procurement and b) 20% after receiving for business development but the value of professionals
the sales proceeds. Since this activity generates is immense in democratising the farmer’s organisation
about 25-30% profit margin the PCs could and strengthening its governing system.
5.5 DAC will declare
work with in advance
Food Corporation
a good premium
of Indiato(FCI)
the seed
and Stateproducers
Governmentsfor which to encourage
the producers
them agreed
to to However, how many professionals are required is
include receive
FPOs aslate procurement
payment of agencies
balance 20%.under completely a matter of context and discretionary.
17
It is mandatory as per article 581W of Producer Companies Act.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
djus ls iwoZ vkjafHkd nks o"kksaZ esa dkjksckj ds ,d fHkUu çfr:i dk [kklh
4-2 dekbZ dhA dsbulaolkekuks
,Qihvks /kZu dsa dk
fy,HkaMfoLr`
kj.kr djus dh 'Z Hkh
fn'kkfuns k] bl uhfr ds
vuqlj.k fd;k gS tks bl çdkj gSa % dksbZ t:jr ugha FkhA eka x ij bu vkSt kjks
a dh
lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u vkiw frZ dh fof/k]
dh xbZA ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
◊ mRiknd daifu;ksa us ,sls dkjksckj esa dne j[kk ftlds fy,
de dk;Zdkjh iwath dh ;k 'kwU; dk;Zdkjh iwath dh t:jr mi;qZä mnkgj.kksa ls,Qihvks
eq[; ds:ilaols/kZufuEufyf[kr esa 'kkfey dsæa lcd ljdkj çkIr,oafd, jkT; ljdkj dh
FkhA bl rjg ds pkj mnkgj.k ;gka fn, x, gSaA tk ldrs gSa % la L Fkkvks a dk ekxZ n 'kZ u djuk rFkk fo'ks "k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
◊ vius lnL;ksa dks rFkk xSj lnL;ksa dks Hkh cht ,oa [kkn ◊ 'kq#vkrh o"kZ esads,Qihvks nkSjkudsdkjks fuekZc.kjk dsdhlius ,sldks lkdkj djus
h xfrfof/k;ks a dkds fy, foLr`r
tSls —f"k fuos’k dh vkiwfrZ djus dk dkjksckjA bl ekeys esa p;u djsa ftlds fy, cgqr de iwath ;k 'kwU; iwath ;ksdhtuk ds rgr
lM+ d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc ds æ
a h;
t:jr gks rFkk fuf/k;ks
ftues a dka dks ç;ksbxZ tks ,Qihvks
f[ke Hkhds ulaogks/kZAu lkekU; ds fy, fd;k rkSj tk jgk gksA
mRiknd daifu;ksa us lkoZtfud ,oa futh daifu;ksa ls [kkn
,oa cht ds fy, O;kikfjd le>©rk çkIr fd;k Fkk rFkk ij VªsfMax dh xfrfof/k esa bl rjg ds volj miyC/k gksctV
rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjs a blds fy, jkT; ds rs ls fuf/k;ksa
udn vk/kkj ij lnL;äs dks rFkk xSj lnL;ksa dks Hkh lkexzh gSaA ;gka /;kudknsç;ks us xokyh dj ckr jgh gS;g ]a rks gSos fd ,Qihvks —f"k dhO;olk; lgk;rkesads fy, vius
Lo;a ds Lora =
vf/kdka'k fcpkSfy;s viuh [kqn dh iwath cgqr de ek=k fn'kkfuns '
Z k fodflr djus ds fy, esa Lora= gSAa
dh vkiwfrZ djus esa mu daifu;ksa dh vksj ls deh'ku ,tsVa
ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA cM+s iSekus ij dkjksckj gksus ds dkj.k yxkrs gSaA
mRiknd daifu;ka vPNk equkQk dekus esa lQy gqbaZ rFkk os 5- a ,Qihvks
◊ 'ks;j /kkjdks rFkk vU;dhyksxlgk;rk ksa ds lkFkdjus fo'oluh;rk esa dsaæ dk ljdkj dh
mu daifu;ksa ds lkFk ,d dkjksckjh lac/a k LFkkfir djus esa fuekZ.k djus ladsLfy,Fkkvks;ga dhvko';d HkwfedkgS fd mRiknd daifu;ka
Hkh lQy gqbaZ ftldh otg ls mUgksua s vkus okys o"kksZa esa mu tYnh 5-1 ls tYnh
—f"k viuh ,oa lgdkfjrk lQyrk dk foHkkx çn'kZ(¼Mh,lh½
u djsaA —f"k blfy, ea=ky;] Hkkjr
daifu;ksa ls _.k lhek çkIr djus esa lQyrk çkIr dhA mRiknd daifu;ks
ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy,Vs ç/kku laLFkk
a ds fy, ;g vifjgk;Z gS fd os dq N Nks
◊ dkjksckj çfr:i ds :i esa —f"k mRikn ds çki.k ds dk;Z ls 'kq#vkr
ds :i djsaesrFkk a dke,sldjsh xxfrfof/k;ka kA 'kq: djsa ftuesa
ekeys esa Hkh ,slk gh vuqHko jgk] tc mRiknd daifu;ksa tksf[ke de gks rFkk os çca/ku ds –f"V ls cgqr tfVy u
us laHkkfor Øsrkvksa dh igpku dh rFkk muls okilh Ø; gksaA 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
cSd xkjaVh dk bartke fd;kA pwfa d mRikn dks [ksr ij ◊ mRiknd dai,oa fu;kslgdfjrk
a ds fy, fu"i{k foHkkx dkjks ds vacrkjxZrdh ,d çFkkvks laLa Fkkdks gS] rduhdh
lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k
çnf'kZr djuk cgqr egRoriw.kZ gS] ftldh ç'kalk lnL;ks la c a / kh vko';drkvks a ] vuqla/a kku ,oa Kku
gh cspk x;k blfy, mRiknd daiuh ds Lrj ij dksbZ
çca/m|ks
rFkk O;kikj ,oa ku dsx fy, txrvkSnksjufuos ksa }kjk 'k çkSdhn~;tkrh ksfxdhgS],oaftuds cktkjksa ls laca/k
ifjogu ,oa HkaMkj.k ykxr 'kkfey ugha FkkA mRiknd
LFkkfir djus
lkFk mRiknd daifu;ka dkjksckj djrh gSaA ds fy, ,dy L=ks r ds :i es a dke djus ds
daifu;ksa us Øsrkvksa ,oa foØsrkvksa ¼lnL;ksa ,oa xSj lnL;ksa
nksuks½a ds chp ikjn'khZ ysunsu dk lqfuqf'pr fd;k vkSj
3-2 çca/ku ,oa dk;kZ ,l,Q,lh y; dh jkT;ç'kklfudljdkjksa] ,Qihvks ykxrsrFkk a ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
,slk djds mUgksua s Øsrkvksa ls dqN equkQk dek;kA
,oa cfodkl
vius jkstejkZ ds dkjks kj dh esnsa ['kkfey kHkky dsvU;fy,laLO;olkf;dks Fkkavksa dks pgq a dh¡eq[kh lgk;rk
◊ vusd mRiknd daifu;ksa us Hkkjr ljdkj dh ,slh Ldhe Vhe fu;qä djuk mRiknd daiuh ds fy, vfuok;Z ugha gSA ,Qihvks
çnku djs x kA fo'ks " k :i ls ] ,l,Q,lh os rFkk
dk ykHk mBk;k] tks eky xksnke dh jlhn ¼MCY;w,s pvkj½ ;g dke Lo;a Hkh futh dj ldrh ,oa lkoZgStaA fud rFkkfi nksuvuq ksa {ksH=koksa dsls vknku]
;g ns[vkiw kk frZdrkZvksa]
dks fxjoh j[kus ij _.k nsrh gSA bl Ldhe ds vuqlkj] x;k gS fd ykHk dekus okyh laLFkk ds :i esa mRiknd daiuhlaLFkkvksa rFkk
çkS n ~ ; ks f xdh çnkrkvks a ] foLrkj ,oa vuq l a / kku
MCY;w,pvkj dks fxjoh j[kus ij cSd a j mRikn ds 80 ds mHkjus ds fy, foi.kuO;olkf;d ,oa çla çca/Lkdks
dj.k a dhdk;Z drkZvdh
Hkwfedk ksa dsvuns chp[khlrr laidksaZ
çfr'kr ewY; rd _.k nsrs gSAa blds fy, fdlh rFkk la c a / kks a
ugha dh tk ldrh gSA lcls lQy mnkgj.k Hkkjr esa nw/k dh dk l` t u djs x kA
vuqçkalfxd dh t:jr ugha gksrh gSA eq[; :i ls lgdkjh lfefr;ks
bldk ç;ksx ,sls le; esa cht iSnk djus ds dk;Z ds 5-3 a dk
jk"VªgSh; tgka lgdkfjrk O;olkf;d fodkl çca/kdks
fuxe a us dsmUgsfofHkUu a lQy dk;ZØeksa ds
cukus ds fy, çpqjvaek=k rxZr eslgk;rk a ;ksxnkuçkIr fd;kdjus gSA dsO;olkf;dfy, ik= çcala/Lku Fkkvksa dh lwph
fy, fd;k x;k tc mRiknd daifu;ksa dks N% ekg ls dk ç;ksx djus dsesa vus d vU; lQy mnkgj.k Hkh fy,
gSa tSljk"Vª s fdh; lgHkkfxrk
vf/kd vof/k ds fy, dPps chtksa dk HkaMkj.k djuk ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds
,,l, dh mRikndfodkl daifu;kafuxe ] çnku }kjk laof/kZdsr vf/kns
¼,ulhMhlh½ eqxhZi'kyu k dk,oafoLrkj fd;k
iM+rk FkkA chtksa dk mRiknu lnL;ksa }kjk fd;k x;k VLlj lgdkjh lfefr;k¡ vkfnA u ds o y dkjks c kj ds fodkl ds
rFkk Hkqxrku nks fdLrksa esa fd;k x;k gS ¼d½ çki.k ds tk,xkA
fy, vfirq fdlkuksa ds laxBu dks yksdrkaf=d cukus rFkk blds
le; Hkqxrku dk 80 çfr'kr] vkSj ¼[k½ fcØh dh vk; vfHk'kklu dh5-4ç.kkyhusQdkssM ¼,u,,QbMh½ lq–<+ djus ds,slfy, h ik=HkhlaO;olkf;dks
LFkkvksa dh a lwdkph esa ,Qihvks
çkIr djus ds ckn 20 çfr'krA pwfa d bl xfrfof/k ls çpqj egRo gSA dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
yxHkx 25 ls 30 çfr'kr equkQk çkIr gqvk blfy, laca/kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
mRiknd daifu;ka cht mRikndksa dks vfxze esa vPNs dke djrs
rFkkfi] fdrus O;olkf;dks a dhgSt:jr aA gksrh gS& ;g iwjh rjg ls
çhfe;e dh ?kks"k.kk dj ikbZ]a ftlds fy, mRiknd 'ks"k çlax ls lac5-5 af/kr rFkk
20 çfr'kr dk Hkqxrku nsj ls çkIr djus ds fy, lger —f"k foos ,oa dlgdkfjrk ij vk/kkfjr foHkkxç'u Hkkjrh; gSA [kk|O;olkf;d fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
deZpkfj;ksa dh la[;k vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke fofo/krk
dkjks c kj dh ek=k] xfrfof/k;ks a dh djsxk rkfd mUgsa
gks x,A rFkk dkjksckj ds çpkyu
fofHkUu ds Qlyks HkkSxa ksdsfydfy,foLrkj U;wureij leFkZ fuHkZju gksewrY;h ¼,e,lih½
◊ mRiknd daifu;ksa us okVj iai lsV] ;a=h—r gy] VªSDVj gSA ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
vkfn tSls fofHkUu —f"k vkStkjksa ds fy, fofHkUu daifu;ksa
ls Mhyjf'ki çkIr fd;k] ftls mUgksua s rdZlxa r dher çR;sd mRiknd dalaiLuh Fkkvksesa a sa ,d ds :i iw.kZd esa kfyd ,Qihvkseq[;dks dk;Z 'kkfey ikyddjus ds fy,
çks R lkfgr fd;k
vf/kdkjh ¼lhbZvks½17 gksuk pkfg, tks cksMZ dk i nsu funs'kd tk lds A
ij lnL;ksa dks cspk rFkk ykHk@deh'ku ds :i esa vPNh

NATIONAL POLICY
The number of professional staff would depend on in the management team and is a co-signatory of the
the volume of business, diversity of activities and bank account of the PC.
geographical spread of the business operation. FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
Since there are number of variables therefore it is
Every PC should have a full time Chief Executive Officer difficult for a precise estimation of the running cost of
(CEO)17 who is ex-officio director of the board. The a producer company.
Act has listed key functions of the CEO in the areas
PREAMBLE
of administration including bank account operation, In the table below an illustration
Collectivization of producers,of running cost small
especially is and
programmatic functions and governance responsibilities. given based on the experience of ASA. However the
The CEO can be one among the directors or members cost heads which are included in this illustration could
of the PC or appointed by hiring, in such case s/he will provide crucial leads while planning to estimate the
part of the management team. operationalto address
costs forthe
anymany challenges
initiative to form aofPC.agriculture but
There is a management team of 2-3 professionals 3.3 COST technology and inputs
OF FURNITURE and markets. Department of 2.4
& FIXTURES
from agribusiness background, in each PCs promoted A PC willAgriculture
require a minimum office set-up
and Cooperation, with furniture
by the ASA. The senior most of the management team and fixtures likeof
Govt. Computer,
India has printer, almiras, file
identified cabinet,
farmer producer
performs the duty of CEO while others look after the internet organisation
connection and telephone etc. Generally it
production, marketing and accounting functions. The requires minimum of ` 1 Lacs for setting up of a small
management team works under the direction of the office as experienced by ASA. This is once again context
BoD and report to them on a day to day basis. The specific and institutional form
no standard around
cost norm which
can betoprescribed.
mobilize farmers
Chairman of the BoD also works as a full time member However,and whatbuild their capacity
is important to is
to note collectively leverage their
that a PC needs
3.
TABLE 3: ESTIMATED MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION COST OF A PRODUCER COMPANY (ILLUSTRATIVE) 3.1
Sl. Expenditure Heads No. of Unit Rate Total Total Increment@ 10%/Year
No. Units (in `) Month andCost (`) Year -1 Year-2 Year-3
1 Salary 1
i Manager/CEO 1 20000 12 240000 240000 264000 290400
ii Production Officer 1 15000 12 180000 180000 198000 217800
iii Accountant 1 6000 12 72000 72000 79200 87120 3.2
PART THREE
iv Marketing officer 1 15000 12 180000 180000 198000 217800
2 Travel 0 0 0
i Salaries 3 1500 12 18000 18000 19800 21780
3 Office expenses 1 0 0 0 0
i Office Rent 1 3000 12 36000 36000 39600 43560
ii Electricity 1 1000 12 12000 12000 13200 14520
iii Water 1 200 12 2400 2400 2640 2904 4.
iv Telecommunication (Phone/Fax) 1 2000 12 24000 24000 26400 29040
v Stationary - 1000 12 12000 12000 13200
and fruitful collaboration with academia,14520 research
vi Cleaning 1 500 12 6000
agencies, 6000 6600 and the private
civil society 7260 sector.
4 Meeting Expenses of BoD/GB 6 1000 6 6000 6000 6600 7260
5 License fees, insurance & other Lump sum 2. 10000
MISSION10000 11000 12100
statutory fees
6 Other miscellaneous expenses 1 500 12 6000 6000 6600 7260
Total 804400
(FPOs) 804400 884840 973324
Grand Total for three years 2662564

gksrk gSA vf/kfu;e esa cSad [kkrk dk çpkyu] dk;ZØe ls uhps nh xbZ lkj.kh esa ,,l, ds vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij lapkyu
tqM+h xfrfof/k;ka rFkk vfHk'kklu dh ftEesnkjh vkfn lesr ykxr dk ,d mnkgj.k çLrqr fd;k x;k gSA rFkkfi] bl
ç'kklu ds {ks=ksa esa eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh ds çeq[k dk;ksaZ mnkgj.k esa ykxr ds ftu 'kh"kksaZ dh x.kuk dh xbZ gS os
dks lwphc) fd;k x;k gSA eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh mRiknd mRiknd daiuh ds xBu ds fy, fdlh igy ds fy, çpkyu
daiuh ds funs'kdksa ;k lnL;ksa esa ls dksbZ ,d gks ldrk gS ;k ykxr ds vuqeku ds fy, ;kstuk cukrs le; egRoiw.kZ lqjkx
mls fu;qä fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk ,sls ekeys esa og çca/ku çnku dj ldrs gSaA
Vhe dk fgLlk gksxkA
,,l, }kjk laof/kZr çR;sd mRiknd daiuh esa —f"k O;olk; dh 3-3 QuhZpj ,oa fQDlpj dh ykxr
i`"BHkwfe okys 2&3 O;olkf;dksa dh ,d çca/ku Vhe gksrh gSA mRiknd daiuh dks ,d U;wure dk;kZy; O;oLFkk dh t:jr gksrh
çca/ku Vhe dk lcls ofj"B lnL; eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh gS] ftlesa QuhZpj ,oa fQDlpj] tSls fd daI;wVj] fçaVj] vyekjh]
dk nkf;Ro fuHkkrk gS] tcfd vU; lnL; mRiknu] foi.ku rFkk Qkby dSfcusV] baVjusV dusD'ku rFkk VsyhQksu vkfn tSls lqfo/kk,a
'kkfey gSAa lkekU; rkSj ij] ,,l, ds vuqHko ds vuqlkj ,d NksVk
ys[kk ls lacaf/kr dke ns[krs gSaA çca/ku Vhe funs'kd eaMy ds
dk;kZy; LFkkfir djus ds fy, 1 yk[k #i, dh t:jr gksrh gSA
ekxZn'kZu esa dke djrh gS rFkk jkstejkZ ds vk/kkj ij funs'kd
eaMy dks fjiksVZ djrh gSA funs'kd eaMy dk v/;{k Hkh çca/ku;g Hkh lanHkZ fof'k"V gS rFkk ykxr dk dksbZ ekud ekunaM fu/kkZfjr
Vhe esa iw.kZdkfyd lnL; ds :i esa dke djrk gS rFkk mRiknd ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA rFkkfi] uksV djus okyh egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g
daiuh ds cSad [kkrs ds fy, og lg&gLrk{kj drkZ gksrk gSA gS fd mRiknd daiuh dks viuh igpku ds fy, U;wure dk;kZy;
O;oLFkk dh t:jr gksrh gSA dk;kZy; O;oLFkk rFkk vkSipkfjd
pwafd bl laca/k esa vusd fopyu gSa] blfy, mRiknd daiuh dh ç.kkyh mRiknd daiuh dh igpku cukus esa ;ksxnku djrs gSa vkSj
lapkyu ykxr dk lVhd vuqeku yxkuk dfBu gSA bl çdkj bldh vuns[kh ugha dh tk ldrh gSA
lkj.kh 3 % mRiknd daiuh dh vuqekfur çca/ku ,oa ç'kklfud ykxr ¼O;k[;kRed½

Øe O;; ‘kh”kZ ;wfuVksa dh ;wfuV nj eghuksa dh dqy ykxr 10 çfr'kr çfr o"kZ dh nj ls o`f)
la[;k la[;k ¼#i, esa½ dqy la[;k ¼#i, esa½ o"kZ 1 o"kZ 2 o"kZ 3
1 osru 1
d çca/kd@v/;{k 1 20000 12 240000 240000 264000 290400
[k mRiknu vf/kdkjh 1 15000 12 180000 180000 198000 217800
x ys[kkdkj 1 6000 12 72000 72000 79200 87120
?k foi.ku vf/kdkjh 1 15000 12 180000 180000 198000 217800
Hkkx rhu
2 ;k=k 0 0 0
d osru 3 1500 12 18000 18000 19800 21780
3 dk;kZy; [kpZ 0 0 0 0
d fdjk;k 1 3000 12 36000 36000 39600 43560
[k fctyh 1 1000 12 12000 12000 13200 14520
x ikuh 1 200 12 2400 2400 2640 2904
?k nwjlapkj ¼Qksu@QSDl½ 1 2000 12 24000 24000 26400 29040
M ys[ku lkexzh 1 1000 12 12000 12000 13200 14520
p lkQ&lQkbZ 1 500 12 6000 6000 6600 7260
4 ch vks Mh@th ch dh cSBdksa dk [kpZ 6 1000 6 6000 6000 6600 7260
5 ykblsal Qhl] chek ,oa vU; dkuwuh ,deq'r 10000 10000 11000 10000
Qhl
6 vU; fofo/k [kpZ 1 500 12 6000 6000 6600 7260
Dqy 804400 804400 884840 973324
rhu lky dk dqy ;ksx 2662564

59
viable
a bareproducer
minimumowned office setFPOs.
up for its identity. An office operations
even take off.forThus
various
it is difficult
crops. to establish a PC without
set-up and a formal system contributes in building the any initial grant support for at least three years. Except
identity of the PC, hence this should not be ignored. for the starting capital for the business the other cost
heads are expected to be covered under grant support
3.4 COST OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND MACHINERY by the promoting agency at least for three years before
For a PC involved in agribusiness the basic infrastructure the PC can start generating enough surplus to meet
required are like warehouse, weighing machine, graders, those expenses. The cases, where PCs have themselves
bag closure machines, etc. These infrastructure can be borne their cost of establishment, is not known till date.
purchased or can be taken on rent depending upon the The Government of M.P provides grant support to the
situations. In normal case, it is advisable to take them 5.7 DAC willthe
PC for work with Ministry
running costs for of Corporate
three yearsAffairs and time
and one
on rent to reduce the burden of fixed costs. other stakeholders
working to further
capital support of `clarify and strengthen
25 lacs. Support is also
provisions
provided toofthe thepromoting
law relating agency
to thefor
registration,
three years to
However, many a times such facilities are not available management
meet their costs. andAll
regulation
these support
of FPOsarewith
subject
a viewto the
same.
in the area or services are not up to the mark. Estimating performance
to assessment
fostering fast paced growth done byof an expert committee.
FPOs.
cost for these infrastructures is difficult without a context.
Therefore the estimation should be done in real time 6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
situation. SUPPORTING FPOS
Ministry
From theof experience
Agriculture,it is Govt.
found of
thatIndia
normally
will act
the as
PCs are
the
engaged
nodal in
agency
the activities
for the development
of procurement,and aggregation
growth
of
and FPOs.
grading of raw produce before sell. Under such
condition three basic infrastructures like go-down,
grader and electricity are essential items.
3.5 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING OF BODS AND 6.1.1 By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
PC FUNCTIONARIES registered under the relevant State legislation
This is an important aspect for the growth of the PC and and self-help groups/federations for all
cannot be ignored. The estimation of cost should be benefits and facilities that are extended
based on the annual plan for capacity building including to member-owned institutions from time
training and exposure visit events. to time.
The requirement of capacity building inputs is again
contextual however, as per ASAs experience, two formal
trainings and two exposure visits are required for the
BoD in the first year which costs about rupees one
5.3 The
Lac.mandate
The trainings
of National
are conducted
Cooperative onDevelopment
the provisions in
Corporation
the Act, rules(NCDC) will be expanded
and regulations, statutorytocompliances,
include
FPOs
roles inand
theresponsibilities
list of eligible institutions
of BoD andwhichGeneral
receivebody, 6.1.3 By using FPOs as producers of certified
support
banking operations,
under the various
while theprogrammes
exposure visits of are
thetaken seed, saplings and other planting material
Corporation.
to the successful PCs where an interactive learning is and extending production and marketing
facilitated. subsidies on par with cooperatives.
Note: All the costs mentioned above are essential
for managing the PC business. With all these costs
5.5 DAC
included,
will work
the with
PC mayFood face
Corporation
huge financial
of India
burden
(FCI) from
and State Governments
the beginning and the idea to encourage
of setting upthem to not
PC may
17. It is mandatory as per article 581W of Producer Companies Act).
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
3-4 volajpuk ,oa e'khujh dh ykxr NksM+dj] ykxr4-2 ds ,Qihvks
vU; 'kh"kksdsaZ dks
lao/kZdeu dsls fy,
de foLr`
rhu rlky fn'kkfuns
ds fy, 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
—f"k O;olk; esa 'kkfey mRiknd daiuh ds fy, visf{kr cqfu;knh çorZd ,tsalh }kjklkFk lgk;rk layXuvuqgSn,a kuftles a lalk/ku
ds rgr 'kkfeylaLFkkvks
fd,a dstkusp;u dh fof/k]
volajpukvksa esa eky xksnke] rjktw] Js.khdrkZ] Ckksjk cUn djus ctVrd,oafdiatmRiknd
dh vis{kk gksrh gS] tc hdj.k dh daiuh çfØ;k,a
bu [kpks'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
aZ dks ogu
okyh e'khu vkfn 'kkfey gSaA ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij] bu djus ds fy, i;kZIr,Qihvks
:i ls dsvfrfjä
lao/kZu es/ku
a 'kkfey
dk l`dstæa u ljdkj
djuk u,oa'kqjkT; : ljdkj dh
vk/kkjHkwr lqfo/kkvksa dks [kjhnk tk ldrk gS ;k mUgsa fdjk, ij dj nsA ,sls ekeyksa ladhLFkkvks
vkta dkdhekxZfrfFk
n'kZurd djuk dksbrFkk fo'ks"k :i
Z tkudkjh ughalsgS,slh ifjfLFkfr
fy;k tk ldrk gSA lkekU; ekeys esa] budks fdjk, ij ysuk tgka mRiknd daifu;ks esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ
a us LFkkiuk dh.kviuh
ds lius ykxr dks dks
lkdkj
LOk;adjus oguds fy, foLr`r
Bhd jgrk gS rkfd vpy ifjlaifÙk;ksa dh ykxr dk cks> de fd;k gSA e/; çns'klM+ljdkj d ekufp=
mRiknd çnkudaidjuk
fu;ksa dks gS tc
rhu dslky æa h; rd ;kstuk ds rgr
gks ldsA lapkyu ykxr ds fy, fuf/k;kslgk;rk
a dk ç;ksxvuq,Qihvks
nku rFkkds 25 lao/kZyk[k
u ds #i, fy, fd;k dh tk jgk gksA
,d ckjxh dk;ZdkjhrFkkfi] ;fn jkT;çnku
iwath lgk;rk ljdkjsdjrh
a bldsgSAfy,çorZjkT;d ,ts ds alctV h ls fuf/k;ksa
rFkkfi] dbZ ckj bl rjg dh lqfo/kk,a {ks= esa miyC/k ugha gksrh gSa dk ç;ks
dks Hkh rhu o"kZ ds fy, x dj çnku
lgk;rk jgh gS]a dhrks tkrh
os ,Qihvks dh oslgk;rk
gS rkfd viuh ds fy, vius
;k lsok,a mPp dksfV dh ugha gksrh gSaA bu vk/kkjHkwr lqfo/kkvksa dh ykxrksa dks ogu djLo;alds dsaALora
bl= rjg fn'kkfuns
dh'Z klHkh
fodflr djusfo'ks
lgk;rk ds "fy, kK Lora= gSAa
ykxr dk vuqeku yxkuk lanHkZ ds cxSj dfBu dk;Z gSA blfy, lfefr }kjk muds dk;Z fu"iknu ds ewY;kadu ds v/khu gksrh gSA
okLrfod fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij vuqeku rS;kj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
vuqHko ds vk/kkj ij ;g ns[kus esa vk;k gS fd lkekU; rkSj ij
mRiknd daifu;ka çki.k] lewg rFkk fcØh ls iwoZ dPps eky dh 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
Js.khdj.k xfrfof/k;ksa esa 'kkfey gksrh gSaA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa rhu ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
vk/kkjHkwr lqfo/kk,a tSls fd xksnke] Js.khdrkZ ,oa fctyh vko';d ds :i esa dke djsxkA
ensa gSaA 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
3-5 funs'kd eaMy rFkk mRiknd daiuh ds lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
inkf/kdkfj;ksa dk çf'k{k.k ,oa {kerk fuekZ.k çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
;g mRiknd daiuh ds fodkl ds fy, ,d egRoiiw.kZ igyw gS LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
rFkk bldh vuns[kh ugha dh tk ldrh gSA ykxr dh vuqeku fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
{kerk fuekZ.k ds fy, okf"kZd ;kstuk ij vk/kkfjr gksuh pkfg, ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
ftlesa çf'k{k.k ,oa KkuktZu nkSjs ds dk;ZØe Hkh 'kkfey gksaA ,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
{kerk fuekZ.k ds fy, fuos'k dh vko';drk Hkh lanHkZ ij vk/kkfjr futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
gSA rFkkfi] ,,l, ds vuqHko ds vuqlkj igys lky esa funs'kd çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
eaMy ds fy, nks vkSipkfjd çf'k{k.k rFkk nks KkutZu nkSjs dh foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
t:jr gksrh gS] ftl ij rdjhcu ,d yk[k #i, dh ykxr rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
vkrh gSA vf/kfu;e ds çko/kkuksa] fu;eksa ,oa fofu;eksa] lkafof/kd 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
vuqikyu] funs'kd eaMy ,oa lkekU; fudk; dh Hkwfedkvksa ,oa varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
ftEesnkfj;ksa] cSad ls lacaf/kr dk;ksaZ ij çf'k{k.k dk vk;kstu esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
fd;k tkrk gS] tcfd lQy mRiknd daifu;ksa ds KkutZu nkSjksa fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
dk vk;kstu fd;k tkrk gS] tgka varr% fØ;kRed vf/kxe dh tk,xkA
O;oLFkk dh tkrh gSA
uksV% Åij mfYyf[kr lHkh ykxrsa mRiknd daiuh ds dkjksckj ds dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
çca/ku ds fy, vko';d gSaA bu lHkh ykxrksa dks 'kkfey djus ij laca/kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
mRiknd daiuh dks 'kq: ls Hkkjh foÙkhs; cks> mBkuk iM+ ldrk dke djrs gSaA
gS rFkk mRiknd daiuh xfBr djus ds fopkj dks vkxs c<+kus esa 5-5 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
dfBukbZ vk ldrh gSA bl çdkj de ls de rhu lky ds fy, vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
fdlh vkjafHkd lgk;rk vuqnku ds fcuk mRiknd daiuh dk xBu fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
djuk cgqr dfBu dk;Z gSA dkjksckj ds fy, 'kq#vkrh iwath dks ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
mRiknd daiuh vf/kfu;e ds vuqPNsn 581 MCY;ww ds vuqlkj ;g vfuok;Z gSA
17 çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA
ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL
VIABILITY OF THE BUSINESS OF PRODUCER COMPANIES
PREAMBLE
(This chapter discusses the various methods used for assessing the financial
viability of the business of producer companies.)
4.1 INTRODUCTION marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
“My business is very small. Do I really need to develop a emerged as one of theAnalysis
Opportunities/Threats most effective pathways
plan like this?” This is the question that is often asked by to address the many challenges of agriculture but

owners of small businesses. The answer is, “You need a most importantly, improved access to investments,
plan, if you don’t want to remain in a small business for Business Opportunities Identification
ever.” Every business, small or large needs a business & Selection
plan, more so in the case of PC, where for first-time
Govt. of India has  identified farmer producer
producers are supposed to act as businessmen.
organisationMarketregistered
Plan under the special provisions 2.5
An approach of business plan development has been of the CompaniesAct, 1956 as the most appropriate
suggested in this chapter and the methods of assessing institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
Financial Plan
financial viability is discussed in an integral manner with and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
other key components of the business plan development 3.
4.3 HOWproduction
TO GENERATE and BUSINESS
marketing IDEAS?
strength.
like marketing plan etc.
The first step in business planning is to identify the 3.1
businessThis opportunity. In this case
policy document the area
is meant of business
to serve as a reference
The fundamentals of business plan have been explained
is already chosen, i.e. agri business
and guide to Central and State Government for the smallagencies
in simple terms. Each of these terms is also explained
producers. Identification of specific business opportunity
with the help of examples and calculations. Effort has which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
is largely a reactive process. In the following paragraphs
been made to keep the language and applications
a step byOrganisations,
step approachespecially
is adopted producer
to discusscompanies
various and
simple. link them tobusiness
benefitsideas.
under various programmes and
tools of generating
3.2
PART THREE
The following sections could help in writing the blueprint
Patterns of Creative Business Opportunity Identification
of the business plan of a PC.
¸ Development agriculture
of problem-solving
sector by promoting
products/services:
and supporting
4.2 THE BUSINESS PLANNING PROCESS
The first step
member-owned
is to hit uponProducer
an idea that Organisations,
can be a that
The business planning process starts with Business Ideas
solution toenable farmers
a problem to enhance
experienced by productivity
farmers. For through
Generation, followed by Opportunities & Threats Analysis
instance,efficient,
collectivecost-effective
sale of agricultural
and sustainable
produce
resource use
leading to Identification of Business Opportunities. Once 4.
to the bigger market
and realize or collective
higher purchase
returns for their of through
produce,
the Business Opportunity is identified, the Marketing
agricultural inputs like
collective seeds,
action fertilizers,by
supported pesticides,
the government, 4.1
Plan is prepared. The final part of the process deals
etc. and selling it to the
and fruitful producers is
collaboration a creative
with idearesearch
academia,
with the Financial Plan.
since it reduces
agencies,the role
civilofsociety
middlemen andandtheensures
private sector.
quality products and services to the farmers.
Business Planning Process
2. MISSION
 ¸ Exploitation of new technology or material to meet
Business Ideas Generation a widely felt need: Millions of Indian farmers use
hand made implements for agriculture like bullock
 (FPOs)
driven wooden plough, bullock cart, thrashing by
Short-list of Business Ideas 2.2etc.
hands, To provide
Since they support
can not for afford
the promotion
to own them.
of such FPOs
 An idea ofbyintroducing
qualified and theexperienced
services of mechanized
Resource Institutions

v/;k;&4
mRiknd daifu;ksa ds dkjksckj
dh foÙkh; O;ogk;Zrk dk ewY;kadu
¼bl v/;k; esa mRiknd daifu;ksa ds dkjksckj dh foÙkh; O;ogk;Zrk dk
ewY;kadu djus ds fy, ç;qä fofHkUu fof/k;ksa ij ppkZ dh xbZ gSA½
4-1 ifjp; voljksa@ladVksa dk fo'ys"k.k

^êsjk dkjksckj cgqr NksVk gSA D;k eq>s bl tSlh ;kstuk rS;kj 
djus dh okLRko esa t:jr gS\** ;g ,d ,slk ç'u gS tks vDlj O;olk; ds voljksa dh igpku
NksVs dkjksckjksa ds Lokfe;ksa }kjk iwNk tkrk gSA mÙkj ;g gS fd ,oa p;u
;fn vki ges'kk NksVk dkjksckjh ugha cus jguk pkgrs gSa] rks 
vkidks ;kstuk dh t:jr gSA çR;sd dkjksckj] NksVk gks ;k cM+k] cktkj ;kstuk
ds fy, ,d dkjksckj ;kstuk dh t:jr gksrh gS rFkk mRiknd
daiuh ds ekeys esa Hkh ,slk gh gS] tgka igyh ckj mRikndksa ls 
dkjksckjh ds :i esa dke djus dh dYiuk dh tkrh gSA foÙkh; ;kstuk
bl v/;k; esa dkjksckj ;kstuk fodflr djus ds ,d –f"Vdks.k 4-3 dkjksckj çLrko dk l`tu dSls djsa\
dk lq>ko fn;k x;k gS rFkk foÙkh; O;ogk;Zrk dk ewY;kadu djus dkjksckj dh vk;kstuk esa igyk dne dkjksckj ds volj dh igpku
dh fof/k;ksa ij dkjksckj ;kstuk fodkl ds vU; egRoiw.kZ ?kVdksa djuk gSA bl ekeys esa dkjksckj ds çLrko dk p;u igys gh dj
tSls fd foi.ku ;kstuk vkfn ds lkFk vfHkUu :i ls ppkZ dh fy;k x;k gS vFkkZr NksVs mRikndksa ds fy, —f"k O;olk;A dkjksckj
xbZ gSA ds fof'k"V volj dh igpku T;knkrj vuqfØ;k'khy çfØ;k gSA
fuEufyf[kr vuqPNsnksa esa dkjksckj çLrko rS;kj djus ds fofHkUu lk/kuksa
dkjksckj ;kstuk fodflr djus dh ewyHkwr ckrksa dks ljy 'kCnksa ij ppkZ djus ds fy, ,d pj.k nj pj.k –f"Vdks.k viuk;k x;k gSA
esa le>k;k x;k gSA mnkgj.kksa ,oa x.kukvksa dh lgk;rk ls buesa
ls çR;sd 'kCn dks Hkh Li"V fd;k x;k gSA Hkk"kk ,oa ç;ksxksa dks
ljy j[kus ds ç;kl fd, x, gSaA jpukRed dkjksckj ds volj dh igpku ds Lo:i
bl v/;k; ds vxys [kaM mRiknd daiuh dh dkjksckj ;kstuk dk ◊ leL;k dk lek/kku djus okys mRiknksa@lsokvksa dk
Hkkx rhu
[kkdk rS;kj djus esa lgk;rk çnku dj ldrs gSaA fodkl% igyk dne ,slk fopkj btkn djuk gS
ftllsmu leL;kvksa dk lek/kku gks lds] ftudk
vuqHko fdlkuksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,
4-2 dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj djus dh çfØ;k cM+s cktkj esa —f"k mRikn dh lkewfgd fcØh ;k cht]
dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj djus dh çfØ;k dh 'kq#vkr dkjksckj [kkn] dhVuk'kd vkfn tSls —f"k fuos’k dk lkewfgd
çLrko ds l`tu ds lkFk gksrh gS ftlds ckn voljksa ,oa ladVksa Ø; rFkk mRikndksa dks bldh fcØh ,d jpukRed
dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkrk gS ftlls O;olk; ds voljksa dh fopkj gS D;ksafd blls fcpkSfy;ksa dh Hkwfedk de gksrh
igpku gksrh gSA tc O;olk; ds voljksa dh igpku gks tkrh gS] gS rFkk fdlkuksa dks mRre mRiknksa ,oa lsok,a lqfuf'pr
rks foi.ku dh ;kstuk rS;kj dh tkrh gSA bl çfØ;k dk vafre gksrh gaSA
Hkkx foÙkh; ;kstuk ls lacaf/kr gSA ◊ cM+s iSekus ij eglwl dh xbZ fdlh vko';drk dks
dkjksckj ;kstuk rS;kj djus dh çfØ;k iwjk djus ds fy, ubZ çkS|ksfxdh ;k lkexzh dk mi;ksx
% Hkkjr ds yk[kksa fdlku [ksrh ds fy, gkFk ls cuk,
 x, vkStkjksa tSls fd cSyksa }kjk [khaps tkus okys ydM+h
dkjksckj çLrko dk l`tu ds gy] cSyxkM+h] gkFk ls Hkwlh fudkyuk vkfn dk
 ç;ksx djrs gSa] D;ksafd vkfFkZd –f"V ls os bUgsa [kjhnus
dkjksckj çLrkoksa dh p;fur lwph cukuk esa vleFkZ gksrs gSaA NksVs fdlkuksa dks fdjk, ds Hkqxrku
 ds vk/kkj ij VªSDVj] Hkwlh fudkyus okyk ;a= vkfn

61
viable producer like
implements owned FPOs.
tractor, thrasher, etc. on rental basis operations
quality for
sensitivity
various of
crops.
the market.
to the small farmers can change the way. Farming ¸ Degree
is done and it can be done in a cost-effective way ¸ Barriers of profitability to entry/exit.
¸ Changes in government’s policies such as subsidy,
¸ Creating a demand for Agriculture extension availability of low cost funds, etc.
services: With the poor quality of State’s agriculture
extension services the idea could be introduction At the end of the exercise, the O/T analysis would look
of Agri-clinic where professional extension services like Table 4.
can be provided to the farmers on a reasonable
price. Similarly, introduction of products like crop 5.7 4.3.3will
DAC Risk-mapping and management
work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
insurance can serve the farmers in a big way. other
Identification
stakeholders
of risks
to further
and possible
clarify andsafeguards
strengthenis an
provisions
integral partof the
of the
lawO/Trelating
analysis.
to theThe
registration,
goal is not to
¸ Vision: This is the ability to look into the future management
eliminate risk and
altogether
regulation
(an of
impossible
FPOs withproposition)
a view
same.
and relentlessly pursue the dream. For example butfostering
to to identify
fastthem
pacedand assess
growth of whether
FPOs. they can be
Dr.Verghese Kurien of NDDB, saw the potential managed or minimised through operational resilience. If
of linking millions of milk producing farmers with 6. ROLE OFor
the risks STATE GOVERNMENT
threats INSTITUTIONS
seem unmanageable IN may
then one
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
the market. SUPPORTING FPOS idea all together. However, the point
discard the business
5.1 Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), to be noted that even after starting the business the
4.3.1 Brainstorming
Ministry of Agriculture, in small
Govt. groups,
of India iswill
theact
technique
as risks continue to remain in the business environment,
thatnodal
the is generally
agency for used in generatingand
the development ideas
growthfor new internally and externally both. Hence, it is important
businesses.
of FPOs. This process is done in two phases: to develop risk profile and strategy to mitigate them.
¸ In the first phase, the emphasis is on generating a There are five key steps in the development of this
large number of ideas, without commenting on the profile and strategy.
quality of the ideas. The group coordinator must
ensure that ideas are not evaluated, but are only 1. Prioritize
6.1.1 By declaring
earningsFPOs at parThe
drivers: with cooperatives
first step is to identify
recorded in detail. andregistered
then mapunder
a company’s
the relevantearnings
State legislation
drivers. These
¸ In the next phase, ideas are evaluated and a short- areand
the self-help
factors thatgroups/federations
would have the biggest for all
impact
list is prepared. The criteria for evaluation may even onbenefits
earningsandif disrupted.
facilitiesFor
thatexample,
are extended
a PC would
be subjective. depend
to member-owned
heavily on the monsoon
institutions
as afrom
bad monsoonal
time
year
to time.
might impact its earnings significantly.
4.3.2 Opportunity and Threat – Analysis & Business
Opportunity Identification 2. Identify critical infrastructure: The next step is to
Once a shortlist of ideas is generated, it must be identify the infrastructure —including processes,
critically evaluated with respect to the external business relationships, people, regulations, plant, and
environment for identifying the business opportunity equipment—that supports the PC’s ability to
5.3 The
andmandate
threats. Thisof National
is also called
Cooperative
Opportunities
Development & Threats generate earnings.
Corporation
Analysis (O/T(NCDC)Analysis) will
and beisexpanded
used to evaluate
to include whether
FPOs
a business
in the idea
list ofiseligible
worth pursuing
institutions
any
which 3. Locate
6.1.3
further.receive
For every vulnerabilities:
By using The next step
FPOs as producers is to identify
of certified
support
idea short-listed,
under the writevarious
down the programmes
Opportunities theseed,
of &the mainsaplings
Threats vulnerabilities.
and other planting material
Corporation.
in terms of: and extending production and marketing
4. What subsidies
are theon
weakest
par withlinks,
cooperatives.
the elements on which
¸ Size of the market. all of the others depend? It could be a single buyer
¸ Its stability i.e., the demand for the product/service for all produces, an employee of the PC (say,
long term or purely temporary? CEO) on whom the whole operation of the PC is
5.5 DAC
¸ Thewill work
extentwith Food Corporation
to which the market isofdissatisfied
India (FCI) with dependent, etc. Vulnerabilities are characterized by:
and the
State Governments
existing to encourage them to
service/solution. ¸ An element on which many others depend; a
include
¸ LevelFPOs as procurement agencies under bottleneck.
the
¸ Minimum
Price of competition,
Support Pricehigh,
(MSP)
medium
procurement
or low. and ¸ Processes with no alternatives.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
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] vfirq
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fuEufyf[kr
◊ çfrLik/kkZ dk Lrj ¼vf/kd] e/;e ;k de½ vkSj dher ,oa çks R lkfgr fd;k tk lds A
◊ dksbZ ,slh ckr ftl ij vusd vU; fuHkZj g]Sa dksbZ
vM+puA
TABLE 4: O/T ANALYSIS OF MARKETING OF COLLECTIVE PRODUCE OF SMALL FARMERS
FACTORS OPPORTUNITIES
NATIONAL POLICY
THREATS
Size of the market. FOR THE
Fairly large. The district APMC procures PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
about 10% of the State’s requirement of
food gains.
Its stability, i.e., is the demand for the
product/service long term or purely
PREAMBLE
With increasing population and growing
change in food habits this is unlikely to be
temporary? affected in the next 20 years.
The extent to which the market is Collectivization of producers, especially small and
Due to unavailability of options, farmers
dissatisfied with the existing service/ are dependent on the middlemen marginal
and farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
solution. unhappy about their unscrupulousemerged as one of the most effective pathways
practices. The market is sensitive in favour
of procuring directly from the farmers.
Level of competition (high, medium or most importantly,
Low, however,improved
likely to beaccess
Medium to withinvestments,
low) technologythe and inputsfrom
competition andthemarkets.
middlemen Department
as of 2.4
the business grows for the PC
Market sensitivity towards price and Not very quality conscious, but price
quality
Govt. of sensitive
India tohas identified farmer producer
a certain extent
Degree of profitability and Barriers to organisation
Mediumregistered
in the shortunder
term. the special
Barriers to provisions 2.5
entry/exit of the Companies Act,
entry and exit are1956 as the most appropriate
very low.
Changes in government’s policies institutional
Favourable policy towards small ‘farmers’ Banksform around
do not providewhich to mobilize farmers
any relaxations
such as subsidy, availability of low cost PC, likely to get subsidy and sympathy of for loans to PCs, it is hard to get loans
funds, etc. the government. from them. This can seriously affect the 3.
operations.
3.1
Based on the Opportunities & Threats analysis, one can identify an appropriate Business Opportunity which could be considered for
developing a business plan. However, there could be possibility that the identified business opportunity fails to remain as a potential
business opportunity following further analysis, as mentioned below. and guide to Central and State Government agencies
¸ Association with high-risk geographic areas A company’s risk profile is constantly changing —
(e.g. flood zones), and products (e.g., perishable Organisations,
economic and marketespecially
conditions producer companies and
change, consumer
commodities like milk, vegetables). link them
preference to benefits
change, under various
the regulatory programmes and
environment
3.2
¸ Insecure access points to important schemes
changes, of the
as will Central and
products and processes.
State Governments.
It is
PART THREE
infrastructure. essential that the company’s risk map change in
5. Develop responses: After mapping risk profile, 1. VISION:
tandem, implementingTo buildanaearly
prosperous
warningand system
sustainable
a company will have detailed knowledge of its so contingency
agriculture
planssector
can bybe promoting
activated as andsoonsupporting
operational vulnerabilities and how these relate as possible.
member-owned
Although a detailedProducerdevelopment
Organisations,of that
to its strategic goals and earnings. Completing a a PC’s riskenable
management
farmers profile
to enhance
is a fairly
productivity
elaborate through
risk profile will also bring to light opportunities to process,efficient,
a simple cost-effective
self-assessment
and sustainable
can quicklyresource use
4.
reduce risk or Risk mitigation plan. identify the
andlargest
realize gaps.
higher returns for their produce, through
6. Monitor the risk environment: For each vulnerability, 4.4 MARKETING andPLAN
fruitful collaboration with academia, research
there will be a number of potential responses. Once the business
agencies, opportunity
civil society
has and
beenthe selected,
private sector.
In order to evaluate which responses are most market analysis follows. The data for the analysis
appropriate, it is necessary to look at the external may be 2. MISSION
obtained from secondary sources such as
environment. Some risks are beyond the control of procurement of the APMC, Policy Guidelines, specific
the PC like sudden change in policy environment studies conducted by others etc. A market research
due to change of political parties in the power, could be also carried out for this purpose to critically
(FPOs)
etc. But most other risks are manageable. By examine the business potential.
gauging the likelihood of various events, the PC can 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
evaluate how much to invest for each vulnerability. The market analysis should
by qualified andcover details about:
experienced Resource Institutions

lkj.kh 4% NksVs fdlkuksa ds lkewfgd mRikn ds foi.ku ds fy, volj ,oa tksf[ke dk fo'ys"k.k
dkjd volj tksf[ke
cktkj dk vkdkj dkQh cM+k gSA ftyk , ih ,e lh jkT; dh
[kk|kUu laca/kh vko';drk esa ls yxHkx 10
çfr'kr dk vf/kxzg.k djrk gSA
bldh fLFkjrk vFkkZr mRikn@ vkcknh esa o`f) rFkk [kku&iku dh vknrksa esa
lsok ds fy, ekax nh?kkZof/kd gS fujarj ifjorZu ls vxys 20 lkyksa esa blds
;k iwjh rjg ls vLFkk;h gS\ çHkkfor gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gSA
cktkj fdl gn rd fo|eku fodYi miyC/k u gksus ds dkj.k fdlku
lsok@lek/kku ls vlarq"V gSA fcpkSfy;ksa ij fuHkZj gSa rFkk os mudh diViw.kZ
çFkkvksa ls uk[kq'k gSaA cktkj fdlkuksa ls lh/ks
[kjhnus ds i{k esa laosnu'khy gSA
çfrLi/kkZ dk Lrj ¼vf/kd] e/;e deA rFkkfi] mRikknd daiuh ds fy, dkjksckj esa o`f)
;k de½ gksus ds lkFk fcpkSfy;ksa ls çfrLi/kkZ ds dkj.k e/;e
gksus dh laHkkouk gSA
dher ,oa xq.koÙkk ds çfr xq.koÙkk dks ysdj cgqr lrdZ ugha gS] ijarq dqN gn
cktkj dh laosnu'khyrk rd dher dks ysdj laosnu'khy gSA
vYi vof/k esa e/; ços'k ,oa fudkl ls tqM+h ck/kk,a
cgqr de gSaA
NksVs fdlkuksa dh mRiknd daiuh ds fy, cSad mRiknd daifu;ksa dks _.k ds fy, dksbZ NwV ugha
vuqdwy uhfr] ljdkj ls lfClMh ,oa lgkuqHkwfr nsrs gSa] muls _.k çkIr djuk cgqr dfBu dk;Z gSA
çkIr gksus dh laHkkouk gSA blls çpkyu xaHkhj :i ls çHkkfor gks ldrk gSA
uksV% voljksa vkSj tksf[keksa ds fo'ys"k.k ds vk/kkj ij] mi;qä dkjksckj ds volj dh igpku dh tk ldrh gS ftl ij dkjksckj ;kstuk fodflr djus ds fy, fopkj fd;k
tk ldrk gSA rFkkfi] tSlk fd uhps mYys[k fd;k x;k gS] bl ckr dh laHkkouk gks ldrh gS fd vkSj fo'ys"k.k ds ckn vfHkfpàr dkjksckj volj laHkkfor dkjksckj volj ds
:i esa u jg tk,A
◊ ,slh çfØ;k,a ftudk dksbZ fodYi ugha gSA dk vkdyu djds mRiknd daiuh bl ckr dk ewY;kadu
◊ vf/kd tksf[ke okys HkkSxksfyd {ks=ksa ¼tSls fd ck<+ xzLr dj ldrh gS fd çR;sd detksj ?kVd ds fy, fdruk
{ks=½] rFkk mRiknksa ¼mnkgj.k ds fy, nw/k ,oa lfCt;ksa fuos'k djus dh t:jr gSA
tSlh {kj.k'khy oLrq,½a ds lkFk lkgp;ZA
fdlh daiuh dh tksf[ke :ijs[kk fujarj cnyrh jgrh gS &
Hkkx rhu
◊ egRoiw.kZ vk/kkjHkwr lqfo/kkvksa rd vlqjf{kr igqpa dh vkfFkZd ,oa cktkj dh fLFkfr;ka ifjofrZr gksrh gSa] miHkksäkvksa dh
O;oLFkkA ilan cnyrh jgrh gS] fofu;ked ifjos'k esa ifjorZu gksrs gSa rFkk
5- çR;qÙkj fodflr djuk % tksf[ke çksQkby ds fp=.k ds mRiknksa ,oa çfØ;kvksa esa Hkh ifjorZu gksrs gSaA ;g vko';d gS
ckn] daiuh dks çpkyu ds vius detksj ?kVdksa dh foLr`r fd daiuh dk tksf[ke ekufp= Øec) <ax ls ifjofrZr gks rFkk
tkudkjh gks tkrh gS rFkk og ;g Hkh tku tkrh gS fd dSls ,d 'kh?kz psrkouh ç.kkyh ykxw dh tk, rkfd tYnh ls tYnh
;s mlds dk;Zuhfrd y{;ksa ,oa vkenuh ls lacfa /kr gSAa tksf[ke vkdfLed ;kstukvksa dks lfØ; fd;k tk ldsA ;|fi mRiknd
:ijs[kk rS;kj djus dk dk;Z iwjk djus ls tksf[ke de djus daiuh dh tksf[ke çca/ku :ijs[kk dks foLr`r :i esa rS;kj djuk
ds volj ;k tksf[ke mi'keu ;kstuk Hkh çdk'k esa vk,xhA cgqr gh Jelk/; çfØ;k gS] fQj Hkh ljy Lo/k&ewY;kadu ls
lcls cM+s varjkyksa dh 'kh?kzrk ls igpku dh tk ldrh gSA
6- tksf[ke ds ifjos'k dh fuxjkuh djuk% çR;sd detksj ?kVd
ds fy,] vusd laHkkfor çR;qÙkj çkIr gksrs gSaA ;g ewY;kadu
djus ds fy, fd dkSu ls çR;qÙkj lcls mi;qä gSa] cká 4-4 foi.ku dh ;kstuk
ifjos'k ij utj Mkyuk vko';d gksrk gSA dqN tksf[ke dkjksckj ds volj dk p;u gks tkus ds ckn cktkj dk
mRiknd daiuh ds fu;a=.k ls ijs gksrs gSa] tSls fd 'kklu fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkrk gSA fo'ys"k.k ds fy, MkVk xkS.k lzksrksa
djus okys jktuhfrd ny esa ifjorZu ds dkj.k uhfrxr tSls fd ,ih,elh dk çki.k] uhfrxr fn'kkfunsZ'k] vU;ksas }kjk
ifjos'k esa vpkud ifjorZu vkfnA ijarq vf/kdka'k vU; lapkfyr fof'k"V v/;;u vkfn ls çkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
tksf[ke fu;a=.kh; gksrs gSaA fofHkUu ?kVukvksa dh laHkkouk bl ç;kstu ds fy, ,d cktkj vuqla/kku Hkh djk;k tk ldrk

63
viable
¸ The producer owned FPOs.
overall market. operations
the important
for ones.
various crops.
¸ Changes in the market.
¸ Market segments, their attractiveness, profitability. 4.4.2 Positioning strategy
¸ Target market and customers. Once a market has been segmented and a particular
¸ Description of customers. segment chosen, the PC has to position the product
¸ Competitors – Direct and indirect. in that market segment. This means the PC has to tell
the customers about what it is offering and how it is
Assessment of market opportunities and threats/risks different and better than the competitors.
Following the market analysis, an analysis of the Positioning is done in three steps:
Strengths and Weaknesses (S/W Analysis) of the 5.7 DAC
¸ Identifying
will work withadvantages
Ministry of Corporate
of the product
Affairs and
over the
products to be handled and PC as an organization othercompetitors.
stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
should be carried out. It would focus on the following: provisions
¸ Selecting of the
the law
rightrelating to the ,registration,
advantage(s) and finally.
¸ The uniqueness of the products/services with management
¸ Signallingand the regulation of FPOstowith
adopted position the amarket.
view
same.
respect to competitor’s. to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
¸ Payment terms. 4.4.3 Basis of positioning
¸ Quality 6. ROLE OF that
It is clear STATEtheGOVERNMENT
same product can INSTITUTIONS IN
then be positioned
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
¸ Pricing. of manpower in the PC and their experience. SUPPORTING FPOS
differently, depending on the specific needs of the
5.1 Department
¸ PC’s standing of Agriculture
in the market.
and Cooperation (DAC), customer. To understand the basis of positioning, let
Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India will act as us look at positioning in terms of a PC’s products in this
Thenodal
the Strengths
agency & Weaknesses analysisand
for the development (S/W Analysis)
growth case Agri-clinic services which it intends to provide to
of
together
FPOs. with the O/T analysis is called the SWOT the farmers of a given area:
Analysis. The O/T analysis helps to analyze the external
business environment, while the S/W analysis focuses ¸ Specific Product Features: Problem diagnosis
on the internal business environment, i.e., PC’s product, and solution, low cost solution, on-farm services,
PC as organization, its competencies, risk bearing 6.1.1continuous
By declaring FPOs
follow up.at par with cooperatives
ability and policies. At the end of the exercise this is ¸ Benefits,
registeredproblem/solutions
under the relevant State
or needs:
legislation
Services
how the Strengths & Weaknesses analysis would look provided
and self-help
within 24groups/federations
hours after registration,
for allexpert
like Table 5. suggestions,supply
benefits and facilitiesof agro-chemicals
that are extendedwhich are
genuine
to member-owned
and at reasonable
institutions
price. from time
4.4.1 Choosing a marketing strategy to time.
¸ Specific Usage Occasions: On-farm services. The
After choosing the market segment that the PC customer can call the experts to his/her field to
management wishes to target and having carried out discuss the problem and solution.
the SWOT analysis, the suitable marketing strategy ¸ User Category: The services are ideal for small
should be chosen. The choice depends on a variety of farmers who have small holdings and can not
factors including the image that the PC wants to project invest much on the farming.
5.3 The
aboutmandate
the product
of National
andCooperative
the organization,
Development
PC’s sales ¸ Against another services: The agri-clinic services
Corporation
objectives like (NCDC)
whether willthe
bePCexpanded
wants rapid
to include
penetration are more reliable than the Government extension
FPOs in the listwith
or is content of eligible institutions which
slow penetration of the receive
market etc. 6.1.3services.
By using FPOs as producers of certified
support
The PC may underchoose
the various
one orprogrammes
more combinations
of the of seed, saplings and other planting material
Corporation.
strategy, but needs to strategically plan a right mix of 4.4.4 Strategies
and extending basedproduction
on price andandpromotion
marketing
the 4 Ps (Product, Price, Place & Promotion – called Price andsubsidies
level on
of par
promotional
with cooperatives.
spending are very
the Marketing Mix) to develop an appropriate marketing important tools in achieving market penetration
strategy. objectives. For instance, if the objective is to quickly
gain a large market share, the strategy could be a
5.5 DAC
In the
willfollowing
work with Food
sections
Corporation
some of of India
the tools
(FCI) and combination of low price and high decibel promotion,
and
methodologies
State Governments
are discussed
to encourage
which could them
be referred
to leading to large volume of sales. The market strategies
include
to while FPOs
developing
as procurement
a business agencies
strategy. These
underdon’t often have to decide on the level of quality and price that
the
confirm
Minimum
to a complete
Supportlist
Price
of strategies,
(MSP) procurement
but are certainly, it can offer to a chosen market segment as compared
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
gS rkfd dkjksckj ds Hkfo"; dh lekykspukRed :i ls tkap feJ.k dh j.kuhfrd 4-2 ,Qihvks :i lsds ;kslato/kZuku cukus ds fy,dhfoLr` t:jr r fn'kkfuns
gksrh 'Z gSk]] bl uhfr ds
dh tk ldsA rkfd foi.ku dh mi;q lkFkälayj.kuhfr Xu gS,a rSftles ;kj a dhlaltk k/kulds laLAFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
cktkj fo'ys"k.k ds rgr fuEufyf[kr ds ckjs esa C;kSjs 'kkfey vxys [kaMksa esa dqN,Qihvks lk/kuksdsa ,oa lao/kZçfof/k;ks
u esa 'kkfey a ij dsppkZ æa ljdkj dh xbZ gS] ljdkj dh
,oa jkT;
gksus pkfg, % ftUgsa dkjksckj j.kuhfr laLFkkvks rS;a kjdk djrs ekxZn'kZle; u djuk ns[kkrFkk tk fo'ks ldrk "k :igSAls;s,slh ifjfLFkfr
◊ lexz cktkj] j.kuhfr;ks a dh iw . kZ lw
esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkjq fuf'pr
p h gks u s dh iq f "V ugha djrs gS a ] ija r djus ds fy, foLr`r
◊ cktkj esa ifjorZu] :i ls ;s egRoiw . kZ j.kuhfr;ks
lM+ d ekufp= a dh lw
çnkup h gS
djuka A gS tc ds æ
a h; ;kstuk ds rgr
◊ cktkj ds vuqHkkx] mudh vkd"kZ.k {kerk] ykHkçnrk] fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
◊ yf{kr cktkj ,oa xzkgd] 4-4-2 LFkkfir djus rFkkfi]dh ;fnj.kuhfr jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
◊ xzkgdksa dk fooj.k] tc fdlh cktkj dk dk ç;ks fo[kax Mdj u jgh dj gSfy;k ]a rks os tkrk ,QihvksgS dh rFkklgk;rk fdlh ds fy, vius
◊ çfr}a}h & çR;{k ,oa ijks{kA fof'k"V [kaM dk p;u dj fy;k tkrk gS] rks mRiknd daiuh fy,
Lo;a ds Lora = fn'kkfuns 'Z k fodflr djus ds dks Lora= gSAa
cktkj ds ml [kaM esa mRikn dks LFkkfir djuk gksrk gSA bldk
cktkj ds voljksa rFkk tksf[keksa@ladVksa dk ewY;kadu % vfHkçk; ;g 5-gS fd,Qihvks mRiknd dadhiuhlgk;rk dks xzkgdksdjus a dks crkuk esa dsaægksrljdkj k dh
cktkj ds fo'ys"k.k ds ckn fu;=a.k fd, tkus okys mRiknksa dh gS fd og D;k is'kladj jgh
LFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk gS a rFkk mldk mRikn çfr}a f }fn;ks a
vPNkb;ksa ,oa detksfj;ksa rFkk laxBu ds :i esa mRiknd daiuh ds mRiknksa ls fdruk fHkUu ,oa csgrj gSA LFkkfir djus dk dk;Z
dh vPNkb;ksa ,oa detksfj;ksa dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,A rhu pj.kksa es5-1 a fd;k—f"k tkrk,oagS% lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
blds rgr fuEufyf[kr ij /;ku fn;k tkuk pkfg, % ◊ çfr}afn;ksa ds mRiknks ljdkja ls,Qihvks vius mRikn ds fodkl ds ykHkks,oa a dh çxfr igpkudsdjuk] fy, ç/kku laLFkk
ds
◊ çfr}a}h ds mRiknksa@lsokvksa dh rqyuk esa daiuh ds ◊ lgh j.kuhfr ¼j.kuhfr;ks½a dk p;u djuk] vkSj :i es a dke djs x kA
mRiknksa@lsokvksa dk vuwBkiu] ◊ var esa 5-2 cktkj y?kq ds çfr —"kdviuk, —f"k x, O;olk; –f"Vdksifjla .k dk?k la¼,l,Q,lh½] drs çnku tks —f"k
◊ Hkqxrku dh 'krsaZ] djukA ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
◊ xq.koÙkk] lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
◊ mRiknd daiuh esa tu'kfä dh dher dk fu/kkZj.k ,oa 4-4-3 LFkkfir djus çca/kudk ds fy, vk/kkj vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
mudk vuqHko] ;g ckr fcYdqy ~ Li"V LFkkfir gS fddjus bldsds ckn fy, mlh ,dymRikn L=ksrdsdks:i xzkgdks
esa dkea djus ds
◊ cktkj esa mRiknd daiuh dh yksdfç;rkA dh fof'k"V vko';drkvks a ds vk/kkj ij fHkUu
fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA <ax ls LFkkfir fd;k
tk ldrk gSA LFkkfir ,l,Q,lh djus ds jkT; vk/kkjljdkjks dks le>us a] ,Qihvks ds fy,rFkk gesa ,Qihks
bl ds lao/kZu
volj ,oa tksf[ke fo'ys"k.k ds lkFk detksfj;ksa ,oa vPNkb;ksa ds ekeys esa mRiknd da,oaiuhfodkl ds mRiknks a dh –f"V ls —f"k
esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk funku’kkyk
fo'ys"k.k dks ,lMCY;w vksVh fo'ys"k.k dgk tkrk gSA volj ,oa lsok LFkkfir djus ij çnkuutjdjsMkyuk xkA fo'ks pkfg,]
"k :i ftlsls]og,l,Q,lh ,d fuf'pr,Qihvks rFkk
tksf[ke fo'ys"k.k ls dkjksckj ds cká ifjos'k dk fo'ys"k.k djus {ks= ds fdlkuksa dks futh miyC/k,oadjkus lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds % vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
dk bjknk j[krh gS
esa enn feyrh gS tcfd vPNkb;ksa ,oa detksfj;ksa ds fo'ys"k.k çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
ds rgr dkjksckj ds vkarfjd ekgkSy ij vFkkZr mRiknd daiuh ◊ fof'k"V mRiknfoi.ku dh fo'ks ,oa "krk,a çlaLdj.k % leL;k dk;ZddkrkZvfo'ys ksa ds"k.kchp,oa lrr laidksaZ
ds mRiknksa] laxBu ds :i esa mRiknd daiuh] bldh l{kerkvksa] funku] lLrhrFkknjlaij lek/kku]
ca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA [ks r ij ls o k,a miyC/k
tksf[ke cnkZ'r djus dk lkeFkZ~; rFkk uhfr;ksa ij /;ku fn;k djkuk] fujarj vuqorhZ dkjZokbZ]
tkrk gSA bl dok;n ds var esa vPNkbZ ,oa tksf[ke fo'ys"k.k ◊ ykHk] leL;k@lek/kku 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk ;k vko';drk,a fodkl fuxe % iatdshdj.k fofHkUuds dk;ZØeksa ds
lkj.kh 5 tSlk fn[krk gSA ckn 24 ?kaVs vadsrxZvarnlgk;rk j çnÙk çkIr lsok,adjus ] fo'ksds "kKksfy, a }kjkik=lq>lako] LFkkvksa dh lwph
—f"k jlk;uksa dh vkiwfrZ tks vlyh gSa rFkk mfpr nj ijh; lgHkkfxrk
miyC/k djk,fodkl tkrs gSfuxe a] ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
4-4-1 foi.ku dh j.kuhfr dk p;u djuk tk,xkA
◊ ç;ksx ds fof'k"V volj % [ksr ij lsok,a miyC/k] djkukA
cktkj ds ftl vuqHkkx ij mRiknd daiuh dk çca/ku y{; xzkgd 5-4 leL;kusQ,oasM lek/kku ij ppkZ
djuk pkgrk gS mldk p;u djus rFkk ,l MCY;w fo'ys"k.k iwjk ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slhdjus ik= dslaLfy, Fkkvksfo'ks
a dh"kKks lwpa h esa ,Qihvks
dks vius [ksrdksij'kkfey cqyk ldrk gS A
djus ds ckn foi.ku dh mi;qä j.kuhfr dk p;u fd;k tkuk ◊ ç;ksäkvksa dh Js. % ;s lsdjus ok,a Nks
ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
pkfg,A ;g p;u dbZ rjg ds dkjdksa ij fuHkZj gksrk gS ftlesa la c a / kh [kjhnnkjh dkVs dk;Z fdlkuks djus a ds ds fy,fy, vkn'kZ
mldh vksj ls
gSa] ftudh tksdke rsa Nksdjrs Vh gksgSraAh gSa rFkk [ksrh ij vf/kd fuos'k
fuEufyf[kr 'kkfey gSa Nfo ftls mRiknd daiuh vius mRikn ugha dj ldrs gSaA
,oa laxBu ds ckjs esa çLrqr djuk pkgrh gS] mRiknd daiuh ds ◊ vU; fdlh 5-5 ls—f"k ok ds,oafo#)% lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh;
—f"k funku’kkyk lsok,a [kk|ljdkjh fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
fcØh laca/kh mís'; tSls fd D;k mRiknd daiuh tYnh ls cktkj foLrkj lsokvksa dh rqyuk esa vf/kd fo'oluh; gSaA xk rkfd mUgsa
vkS j jkT; ljdkjks a ds lkFk dke djs
esa ?kqluk pkgrh gS vFkok og cktkj esa /kheh xfr ls ?kqlus ls fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
larq"V gS vkfnA mRiknd daiuh j.kuhfr ds ,d ;k vf/kd ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
la;kstuksa dk p;u dj ldrh gS ijarq mls 4 ih ¼mRikn] dher] 4-4-4 dher ,oa lala o/kZua sa ij
LFkkvks ds :i vk/kkfjresa ,Qihvks j.kuhfr;ka dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
LFkku ,oa lao/kZu & ftls foi.ku feJ.k dgk tkrk gS½ ds lgh cktkj esa iSB cukusçksRlkfgr ds y{;ksfd;k a dkstkçkIr ldsdjus A ds fy, dher
rFkk lao/kZu dh xfrfof/k;ksa ij [kpZ dk Lrj cgqr egRoiw.kZ
TABLE 5: S/W ANALYSIS OF MARKETING OF COLLECTIVE PRODUCE OF SMALL FARMERS
FACTORS STRENGTHS
NATIONAL POLICY
WEAKNESSES
The uniqueness of PC’s product/ FOR THE
Small farmers’ produce to which the PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
service with respect to competitor’s market has positive sensitivity.
Payment terms No credit terms
Quality of manpower and their PREAMBLE
Technically qualified and experienced Not experienced in marketing.
experience in agribusiness
Pricing Same as competitor or less Collectivization of producers, especially small and
Standing in the market marginal
Being a small producers PC there is a farmers,
Not very wellinto producer organisations has
known 2.3
sympathy in the market emerged as one of the most effective pathways
to competitors. most importantly, improved access to investments,
Based on the strategies chosen, the Marketing Mix (4
P’s of Marketing) could be formulated and the marketing
plan written. It should cover the following: Govt. of India has identified farmer producer
¸ Target markets. organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
¸ Competition. of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate
¸ Environment. institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
¸ Product/service. and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
¸ Price. 3.
¸ Place.
3.1
¸ Promotion.
¸ Targeted sales in the coming year and projections This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
for the next two years. and guide to Central and State Government agencies
A suggested outline is provided here to write the market Organisations, especially producer companies and
plan. link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
PART THREE
4.
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

lkj.kh 5% NksVs fdlkuksa ds lkewfgd mRikn ds foi.ku dh vPNkbZ;ksa ,oa detksfj;ksa dk fo'ys"k.k
dkjd vPNkb;ka detksfj;ka
çfr}anh ds mRikn@lsok dh rqyuk esa mRiknd NksVs fdlkuksa ds mRikn ftuds çfr cktkj esa
daiuh ds mRikn@lsok dk vuwBkiu ldkjkRed laosnu'khyrk gksrh gS
Hkqxrku dh 'krsaZ _.k dh dksbZ 'krZ ugha gksrh gS
tu'kfä dh xq.koÙkk rFkk mudk vuqHko —f"k O;olk; esa rduhdh –f"V ls vagZrk çkIr foi.ku dk dksbZ vuqHko ugha
,oa vuqHkoh
ewY; fu/kkZj.k çfr}anh ds ftruk gh ;k muls de
cktkj esa yksdfç;rk NksVs mRikndksa dh mRiknd daiuh gksus ds dkj.k T;knk yksdfç; ugha gksrs gSa
cktkj esa buds çfr lgkuqHkwfr gksrh gS
lk/ku gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ;fn mís'; cgqr tYnh ls cktkj

ds ,d cM+s Hkkx dks gfFk;kuk gks] rks de dher ,oa vkØked
foKkiu ds la;kstu dh j.kuhfr viukbZ tk ldrh gS ftlls
vf/kd ek=k esa mRiknksa dks cspk tk ldsA foi.ku dh j.kuhfr;ksa
dks vDlj xq.koÙkk ,oa dher ds Lrj ds vk/kkj ij fu/kkZfjr
djuk iM+rk gS ftls ;g vius çfr}afn;ksa dh rqyuk esa cktkj
ds p;fur [kaM dks çLrqr dj ldrh gSA
pquh xbZ j.kuhfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij foi.ku feJ.k ¼foi.ku ds pkj
ih½ dks rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk foi.ku dh ;kstuk fy[kh
tk ldrh gSA blds rgr fuEufyf[kr 'kkfey gksus pkfg,%
◊ yf{kr cktkj]
◊ çfrLi/kkZ]
◊ ifjos'k]
◊ mRikn@lsok]
◊ dher]
◊ LFkku]
◊ lao/kZu]
Hkkx rhu
◊ vkus okys o"kZ esa yf{kr fcØh rFkk vxys nks o"kksaZ ds fy,
vuqekuA
cktkj ;kstuk fy[kus ds fy, ;gka ,d lq>k;h xbZ :ijs[kk çnku

dh xbZ gS

65
4.4.5 The
viable PC’s Marketing
producer Plan
owned FPOs. operations for various crops.
4.2 Detailed guidelines
This is the marketing planfor the promotion of FPOs, 5.6 DAC and its designated agencies will work with
of ________________________________________________________________________________
I. MARKET ANALYSIS
These
1. TargetareMarket
meant to guide the Central and State and infrastructure investment needs of FPOs. DAC
Government
i Who areagencies engaged
the customers? Write in FPOdescription
a brief promotion willcustomers.
of the target also work(Youwith all relevant
may write about age,stakeholders
sex, education to
and provide a detailed
occupations, roadmap
occasions to achieve
of use, frequency of use,the achieve
income levels, 100%
geographic financial
location, etc.)inclusion for members of
vision
ii ofWebuilding FPOs, customers
will be targeting especially by:if funds under FPOs and link them to Kisan Credit Cards.
Centrala.schemes
Products & are being
Target used to promote FPOs.
Customers
However, State
SL. NO. GovernmentsPRODUCTare LINE
free to develop TARGET CUSTOMER
their 1own independent guidelines to support FPOs
2 management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same.
3 to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
b. Geographic area 6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
iii Expected sales in the comingand Cooperation (DAC),
year 6.1 Besides encouraging State Governments to take up
Ministry of
SL. NO. Agriculture,
MONTHS Govt. of IndiaLINE
PRODUCT will 1act as PRODUCT ofLINE 2 on a large scale
PRODUCT LINE Centrally-
3
formation FPOs through
1 April sponsored and State-financed programmes and
of FPOs.
2 May schemes, DAC suggests the following steps to
5.2 Small3 Farmers’June Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC), be taken by State Governments to support and
4 July
5 Aug training needs, research and 6.1.1 By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
technical support,
knowledge
6 management
Sep and to create linkages
to investments,
7 technology and markets. SFAC will
Oct
provide
8 all- roundNov support to State Governments, to member-owned institutions from time
9 Dec to time.
10
sustainable Jan
linkages between FPOs and inputs 6.1.2 By making provisions for easy issue of
suppliers,
11 technology
Feb providers, extension and licenses to FPOs to trade in inputs (seed,
research
12 agencies Marchand marketing and processing fertilizer, farm machinery, pesticides etc.)
players, both in the
Total
public and private sectors. for use of their members as well as routing
2. Competition
Corporation
Who are our(NCDC) will be expanded to include
competitors?
NAME: _________________________________________________________________________________________________
ADDRESS:_______________________________________________________________________________________________
5.4 NAFED will take________________________________________________________________________________________
Years in business: steps to include FPOs in the list
Market share:____________________________________________________________________________________________
Price/Strategy____________________________________________________________________________________________
PRODUCT/SERVICE procurement and marketing centres and for
Features: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
(Note: write two more competitors using same template) between FPOs and bulk buyers.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
4-4-5 mRiknd daiuh dh foi.ku ;kstuk 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesdh
;g ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a lalfoi.ku
k/ku laL;ksFkkvks
tuka dsgS p;u dh fof/k]
I- cktkj dk fo'ys”k.k ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
1 yf{kr cktkj laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
i xzkgd dkSu gSa\ yf{kr xzkgdksa dk laf{kIr fooj.k fy[ksaA ¼vki mez] fyax] f'k{kk] esa ,Qihvks
is'kk] ç;ksdsxfuekZ ds .voljks
k ds lius dksxlkdkj
a] ç;ks dh ckjadjus ds fy, foLr`r
ckjrk]
vk; Lrj] HkkSxksfyd LFkku vkfn ds ckjs esa fy[k ldrs gSaA½ lM+ d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæ
a h; ;kstuk ds rgr
ii ge fuEufyf[kr ds vuqlkj xzkgdksa dks y{; djsaxs % fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
¼d½ mRikn ,oa yf{kr xzkgd rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
Øe la[;k mRikn ykbu yf{kr xzkgd
1
2 5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
3 laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
¼[k½ HkkSxksfyd {ks= 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
vkus okys o"kZ esa çR;kf'kr fcØh
iii) ds :i esa dke djsxkA
Øe la[;k eghuk mRikn ykbu 1 5-2 ykbu
mRikn y?kq —"kd
2 —f"k O;olk; ifjlaykbu
mRikn ?k ¼,l,Q,lh½]
3 tks —f"k
1 vçSy ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
2 ebZ lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
3 twu LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
4 tqykbZ fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
5 vxLr ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
6 flracj ,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
7 vDVwcj çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
8 uoacj çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
9 fnlacj foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
10 tuojh rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
11 Qjojh 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
12 ekpZ varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
dqy esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
2 çfrLi/kkZ fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
gekjs çfr}anh dkSu gSa\ tk,xkA
uke% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
irk% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
dkjksckj esa gksus ds o"kZ% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
dke djrs gSaA
cktkj esa fgLlsnkjh% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
ewY;@j.kuhfr% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
mRikn@lsok ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
fo'ks"krk,a &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
¼uksV% blh uewus dk ç;ksx djrs gq, nks vkSj çfr}afn;ksa ds ckjs esa fy[ksa½ laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
How competitive is the market?
NATIONAL POLICY
HIGH: _______________________________________________________________________________________

MEDIUM:_____________________________________________________________________________________ PRODUCER
LOW: ________________________________________________________________________________________
PREAMBLE
3. List below your strengths and weaknesses compared to your competitor’s (consider such areas as location, size of resources,
reputation, services, personnel, etc.):
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Collectivization of producers, especially small and
1. 1. marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
2. 2. emerged as one of the most effective pathways
3. 3. to address the many challenges of agriculture but
Environment technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4
1. List below your strengths and weaknesses compared to your competitor’s (consider such areas as location, size of resources,
reputation, services, personnel, etc.): Govt. of India has identified farmer producer
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
production
2. The following are some important legal factors that will affect our market such and marketing
as APMC imposes strength.
levies for purchase of agri
commodities outside the market yard 3.1
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. The following are some important government factors (such as, Govt. policies
linkbanning
them inter-state transfer
to benefits underof food commodities,
various programmes and
Govt. provides subsidy to procure directly from the farmers etc.) 3.2
PART THREE
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.
VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
II. PRODUCT OR SERVICE ANALYSIS enable farmers to enhance productivity through
A. Description 4.
1. Describe here what the product/service is and what it does: collective action supported by the government, 4.1
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

cktkj esa fdruh gksM+ gS\
vf/kd% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
e/;e% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
de% &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
3 uhps vius çfr}anh dh rqyuk esa vius mRikn dh vPNkb;ksa ,oa detksfj;ksa ds ckjs esa fy[ksa ¼LFkku] lalk/kuksa dk vkdkj] çfr"Bk,a]
lsok] dkfeZd vkfn tSlh ckrksa ij fopkj djsa½ %
vPNkbZ;ka detksfj;ka
1 1
2 2
3 3
ifjos'k
1- uhps vius çfr}anh dh rqyuk esa vius mRikn dh vPNkb;ksa ,oa detksfj;ksa ds ckjs esa fy[ksa ¼LFkku] lalk/kuksa dk vkdkj] çfr"Bk]
lsok] dkfeZd vkfn tSlh ckrksa ij fopkj djsa½ %
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
2- uhps dqN egRoiw.kZ dkuwuh igyqvksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS tks gekjs cktkj dks çHkkfor djrs gSa] tSls fd ,ih,elh cktkj
ds çkax.k ls ckgj —f"k dh oLrqvksa dh [kjhn ds fy, ysoh yxkrk gS
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
3- uhps dqN egRoiw.kZ ljdkjh igyqvksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS ¼tSls fd [kk| lkefxz;ksa ds varjkZT;h; LFkkukarj.k ij jksd yxkus
okyh ljdkjh uhfr;ka] fdlkuksa ls lh/ks [kjhnus ds fy, ljdkj lfClMh nsrh gS] vkfn½
Hkkx rhu
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
II- mRikn ;k lsok dk fo'ys”k.k

d- fooj.k
1- ;gka bl ckr dk mYyss[k djsa fd mRikn@lsok D;k gS rFkk mldk dke D;k gS %
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

67
viable producer owned FPOs.
B. Comparison operations for various crops.
4.2 Detailed guidelines
1. What advantages forourthe
does promotionhave
product/service over those5.6
of FPOs, DAC
of the and its (consider
competitor’s designated
such agencies will work
things as unique with
features,
including methodology
expertise, of selecting
guaranteed services, RIs, budgets
on-farm services, etc.)? NABARD and other financial institutions to direct
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What disadvantages does it have?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
same.
C. Some Considerations
1. Where will you get your materials and supplies? 6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
the nodal
2. List agency
other for the development and growth
considerations:
of FPOs.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
technical
III. MARKETINGsupport, training
STRATEGIES needs,
– MARKET MIXresearch and
knowledge
A. Image management and to create linkages
benefits and
1. First, what kind of image do we want to have (such as small producers organization, facilities
quality that are extended
service, professional management,
low price, convenience) to member-owned institutions from time
to time.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Features
research
1. List theagencies and
features that we marketing and processing
will emphasise: fertilizer, farm machinery, pesticides etc.)
a. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
support
C. Features under the various programmes of the seed, saplings and other planting material
1. We will be using the following pricing strategy:
a. Markup on cost18__________________________________What% mark up?_____________________________________
undertake price ______________________________________________________________________________________
b. Competitive19
support purchase operations. to allow direct sale of farm produce by
5.5 DACc.will work
Below with Food
competition Corporation of India (FCI)
__________________________________________________________________________________
d. Other____________________________________________________________________________________________
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
[k- rqyuk 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
1- çfr}anh ds mRikn@lsok dh rqyuk esa gekjs mRikn@lsok ds ykHk D;k gSa ¼vuks[khlkFk
fo'ksla"krk,a
yXu] fo'ks
gS,a "ftles
kKrk]a laçR;kHkw
lk/kur lalsLoFkkvks
k] [ksa rds ijp;u dh fof/k]
lsok,a] vkfn tSlh ckrksa ij fopkj djsa½\ ctV ,oa iat hdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
2- blds ykHk D;k gSa\ fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
x- fopkj dh tkus okyh dqN ckrsa 5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
1- vki viuh lkexzh ,oa vkiwfrZ dgka ls çkIr djsaxs\ laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
2- fopkj dh tkus okyh vU; ckrksa dks lwphc) djsa % 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
III- foi.ku dh j.kuhfr;ka & cktkj feJ.k fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
d- Nfo ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
1- igys] vki fdl çdkj dh Nfo j[kuk pkgrs gSa ¼tSls fd y?kq mRiknd laxBu] ,oa fodkl
xq.koÙkk lsoesk] a O;kolkf;d
'kkfey vU;çcala/Lku]
Fkkavde
ksa dksdher]
pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
vkjke½ çnku djs x kA fo'ks " k :i ls ] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
[k- fo'ks"krk,a 5-3 jk"Vªh; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
1- mu fo'ks"krkvksa dks lwphc) djsa ftu ij ge tksj nsaxs% varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
d- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
tk,xkA
[k- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
x- fo'ks"krk,a dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
1- ge ewY; fu/kkZj.k dh fuEufyf[kr j.kuhfr dk ç;ksx djsaxs % dke djrs gSaA
d- ykxr ls vf/kd ewY; fu/kkZfjr djuk18 &&&&&&&&&&&& fdrus çfr'kr dh o`f)\,oa&&&&&&&&&&&&
5-5 —f"k lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
[k- çfrLi/khZ19 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
x- çfrLi/kkZ ls uhps &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
?k- vU; &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
2. Are our prices in line with our image? NATIONAL POLICY
YES_______________________________________ FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER
NO____________________________________________ PRODUCER
3. Do our prices cover costs and leave a margin of profit?

PREAMBLE
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Customer Services marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
1. List the customer services we provide:
a. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
technology and inputs and markets. Department of
b. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.4
2. These are our sales/credit terms: Govt. of India has identified farmer producer
a. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
3. The competition offers the following services: production and marketing strength.
3.1
a. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Advertising/Promotion Organisations, especially producer companies and
1. These are the things we wish to say about the business: link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
PART THREE
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. We will use the following advertising/promotion sources:
a. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.
b. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

2- D;k gekjh dhersa gekjh Nfo ds vuq:i gSa\
th gka &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& th ugha &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
3- D;k- gekjh dherksa esa ykxrsa 'kkfey gSa rFkk equkQk ds fy, dqN xqatkb'k cprh gS\
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
?k- xzkgd lsok,a

1- xzkgd lsokvksa dh lwph ftUgsa- ge çnku djrs gSa %
d- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
[k- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
2- gekjh fcØh@m/kkj dh 'krsaZ bl çdkj gSa%

d- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
[k- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
3- çfr}anh fuEufyf[kr lsokvksa dh is'kd'k djrk gS %

d- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
[k- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
³- foKkiu@lao/kZu
1- ge vius dkjksckj ds ckjs esa fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dks crkuk pkgrs gSa %
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
2- ge foKkiu@lao/kZu ds fuEufyf[kr lzksrksa dk ç;ksx djsaxs %
Hkkx rhu
d- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
[k- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

69
4.5 FINANCIAL
viable producerPLAN
owned FPOs. operations
not change.forThese
variousarecrops.
called variable costs and fixed
The last part of the business planning process is the costs, respectively.
preparation of the financial plan. It is based on the
marketing plan. The topics covered in this section are: Variable costs: Variable costs are those that change
directly with the sales volumes or with the size of the
A. Concepts of finance business. For example the cost of inventory or raw
¸ Budget and its importance material is a variable cost. The more you sell, the more
¸ Fixed and variable costs raw material you have to purchase and vice-versa.
¸ Working capital Suppose you are in the business of aggregating the
5.7 DAC
agriculture
will workproduces
with Ministry
andofsell
Corporate
it in theAffairs
biggerandmarket.
B. Financial Analysis other
The more
stakeholders
numbertooffurther
farmers
clarify
youandaddstrengthen
to aggregate
¸ Break-even sales and BE Analysis provisions
produce, the of more
the lawyourelating
have to to
spend
the registration,
on procurement,
¸ Interest rates calculations management
grading, transportation,
and regulation
etc. of FPOs with a view
same.
¸ Net Present Value to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
¸ Internal rate of return Fixed costs: Fixed costs are those which remain
¸ Cash flow statement 6. ROLE OF STATE
unaffected GOVERNMENT
by the sales volumes. INSTITUTIONS
This means thatIN you
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS no matter how much is the sales
have to incur them,
C. Sensitivity
5.1 Department of analysis
Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), volume. Rent or certain number of staff hired for the
Ministry
¸ Acidoftest Agriculture,
ratio Govt. of India will act as business are good example of fixed costs.
the
¸ nodal
Debt agency
service for the development
coverage ratio and growth
of FPOs. Profits: For any business to be viable in the long run,
4.5.1 What is a ‘Budget’? the sales revenues must always be greater than the
For any entrepreneur or business, ‘budget’ is the costs. This difference in the sales and the costs is called
ultimate tool with which to monitor and keep a control profit. Simply put:
over the business. A budget is a forecast of all cash 6.1.1
Sales –ByCosts
declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives
= Profits
sources and expenditures. Budgets help to determine registered
Or in other words:under the relevant State legislation
how much money you have, where to use it, and whether Sales =and self-help
Costs + Profitsgroups/federations for all
you can achieve your financial targets. It shows the flow benefits and facilities that are extended
of money into, through and out of the business. The to member-owned
This means that one should institutions
target thefromsalestime
to be of
three basic elements of a budget are: such ato volume
time. that it covers all the costs and also have
¸ Sales revenue a reasonable amount of profits which is atleast equal
¸ Costs and to the benchmarked Return on Investment.
¸ Profits
4.5.2 What is working capital?
Sales revenue: Sales revenues are the key figures in Working capital is the difference between business’s
5.3 The
anymandate
budget. of OneNational
has toCooperative
estimate the Development
sales revenues current assets and its current liabilities. In simple terms
Corporation
that would accrue(NCDC)towill thebebusiness
expanded astoaccurately
include as working capital is the amount of money required by
FPOs
possible.
in theThese
list of should
eligiblebeinstitutions
based upon
which thereceive
past sales 6.1.3
a business
By using
to cover
FPOsitsasshort
producers
term liabilities.
of certified
Working
support
records orunder
the industry
the various
averages.
programmes
Once the sales
of the
targets capitalseed,
includes:
saplings and other planting material
Corporation.
have been fixed (as accurately as possible), then the and extending production and marketing
necessary costs can be estimated which would help ¸ Cash subsidies on par with cooperatives.
in realizing the sales revenues. ¸ Marketable securities
¸ Accounts receivables
Costs: Estimating costs in any business is a complicated ¸ Inventories
5.5 DAC
procedure.
will workSmall
with Foodchanges
Corporation
in the of
assumptions
India (FCI) on ¸ Accounts payable, and
and
which State
the Governments
costs are estimated to encourage
can render themthetowhole ¸ Wages/salaries and taxes
include
budgeting FPOsexercise
as procurement
futile. Costs are
agencies
of two types
under– one
the
thatMinimum
changes with Support Priceof(MSP)
volumes sales procurement
and other that do Since any firm or business has about 40% of its capital
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
4-5 foÙkh; ;kstuk fujFkZd lkfcr4-2 gks ,Qihvks
ldrh gSAds ykxr lao/kZu nksds çdkj
fy, foLr` dh gks r rfn'kkfuns
h gS& ,d 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
dkjksckj dh ;kstuk cukus dh çfØ;k dk vkf[kjh Hkkx foÙkh; çdkj dh ykxr tks lkFkfcØh layXudhgS,a ek=k
ftles dsa lalkFk
lk/kucnyrh laLFkkvksgSa dsrFkkp;u dh fof/k]
;kstuk rS;kj djuk gSA ;g foi.ku dh ;kstuk ij vk/kkfjr gksrh nwljh çdkj dh ykxr ctV ,s,oa lh gSiattks
hdj.kughadhcnyrh çfØ;k,agSA 'kkfeybu ykxrks gSAa budka mís';]
gSA bl [kaM ds varxZr fuEufyf[kr fo"k;ksa ij ppkZ dh xbZ gS % dks Øe'k% fopyu ,Qihvksykxr ,oads lavpy o/kZu ykxr
esa 'kkfeydgrs dsæa gSljdkj
aA ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
d- foÙk iks”k.k dh ladYiuk fopyu ykxr% fopyu ykxrsads,slfuekZ
esa ,Qihvks h gks.krds
h gSlius
a tks fcØh
dks lkdkjdh ek=k djusdsds fy, foLr`r
◊ ctV ,oa bldk egRo lkFk ;k dkjksckj dslM+ vkdkj
d ekufp=ds lkFkçnkulh/ks djuk
cnyrhgS gStc aA mnkgj.k
dsæa h; ;ksdstuk ds rgr
◊ vpy ,oa fopyu dh ykxrsa fy,] oLrqlwph ;k dPps eky dh ykxr fopyu
fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, ykxr gSA vki fd;k tk jgk gksA
◊ dk;Zdkjh iwath ftruk vf/kd csprsrFkkfi] gSa mruk;fnvf/kd vkidksa blds
jkT; ljdkjs dPpkfy, ekyjkT;[kjhnukds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
iM+rk gS vkSj bldsdkfoijhr ç;ksx dj vkijghftruk
gS]a rks de csprs gSdha mruk
os ,Qihvks lgk;rkgh ds fy, vius
[k- foÙkh; fo'ys”k.k de vkidks dPpk eky Lo;a ds[kjhnuk
Lora= iM+ rk gSA'Z k eku
fn'kkfuns fodflr ysa fddjus vkids—f"k fy, Lora= gSAa
◊ fcØh dk leku :i ls foHkktu vkSj ctV vuqeku dk mRiknksa dks bdëk djus dk O;olk; djrs gSa vkSj fQj mls cM+s
fo'ys”k.k cktkj esa csprs5- gSaA mRikn
,Qihvks bdëkdhdjus lgk;rkds fy, djus vki ftrus esa dsvf/kd
aæ ljdkj dh
◊ C;kt nj dh x.kuk fdlkuksa dks vius lkFk tksM+saxs] mruk gh vf/kd vkidks çki.k]
◊ ‘kq) orZeku ewY; Js.khdj.k] ifjogu vkfn ij [kpZ djuk gksxkA
◊ çfrQy dh vkarfjd nj 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
◊ udn çokg dk fooj.k vpy ykxr% vpyljdkj ykxr ,s,Qihvks
lh ykxrds gksfodklrh gS tks ,oa fcØh
çxfrdhds ek=k fy, ç/kku laLFkk
ls çHkkfor ugha gksrdsh gS:i A bldkesa dkevfHkçk;
djsxkA;g gS fd vkidks budks
x- laosnu'khyrk dk fo'ys"k.k [kpZ rks djuk gh iM+sxk] fcØh dh ek=k pkgs ftruh Hkh gksA
◊ vfXu&ijh{kk o vuqikr fdjk;k vFkok dkjksckj ds fy, HkrhZ fd, x, ,d fuf'pr la[;k
◊ _.k lsok O;kfIr vuqikr esa deZpkjh vpy ykxr ds vPNs mnkgj.k gSaA
ykHk% nh?kZ vof/k esçca /ku dsHkhfy,
a fdlh vkSj fuos
O;olk; ds 'O¸kogk;Z
k çkSn~;ksfgks xdh
us ds,oafy, cktkjksa ls laca/k
4-5-1 ^ctV* D;k gksrk gS\ fcØh ls çkIr gksus okyk jktLo ges'kk ykxr ls vf/kd gksua kdke djus ds
LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ks r ds :i es
pkfg,A fcØh ,oa ykxr fy, —f"k esa bl,oavarlgdkfjrk
j dks ykHkfoHkkx dgk tkrk dh fpfUgr
gS ftls laLFkk gksxhA
fdlh m|eh ;k dkjksckj ds fy, ^ctV* vafre lk/ku gksrk gS ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjks a ] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
ftlds ek/;e ls og vius dkjksckj dh fuxjkuh djrk gS rFkk ljy 'kCnksa esa uhps çLrqr fd;k x;k gS %
ml ij fu;a=.k LFkkfir djrk gSA ctV udn ds lHkh lzksrksa ,oa fcØh & ykxr ¾ ykHk çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
O;; dh Hkfo"; ok.kh gksrk gSA ctV ;g fu/kkZfjr djus esa lgk;rk ;k nwljs 'kCnksa esa% futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
djrk gS fd vkids ikl fdruk /ku gS] mldk ç;ksx dgka djuk fcØh ¾ ykxr $+ ykHk çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
gS] rFkk D;k vki vius foÙkh; y{;ksa dks çkfIr dj ldrs gSaA foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
;g O;olk; ds vanj] O;olk; esa rFkk O;olk; ds ckgj /ku ds bldk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd fcØh dh ek=k mruh j[kus dk y{;
çokg dks n'kkZrk gSA ctV ds rhu cqfu;knh ?kVd bl çdkj gSa % fu/kkZfjr djuk pkfg, fd mlds rgr lHkh ykxrsa 'kkfey gks tk,a
◊ fcØh ls jktLo] rFkk equkQs dh5-3rdZjk"Vª
laxrh;jkf'k lgdkfjrk
Hkh çkIrfodkl gks tks fuxede ls dsdefofHkUu fuos'k dk;ZØeksa ds
◊ ykxr] vkSj ij U;wure fu/kkZfjrvarçfrQy xZr lgk;rk ds cjkcjçkIrgksdjusA ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
◊ ykHk esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
4-5-2 dk;Zdkjh fodkl iwath D;k fuxegks¼,ulhMhlh½
rh gS\ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
fcØh ls jktLo% fcØh ls çkIr gksus okys jktLo fdlh ctV ds tk,xkA
dk;Zdkjh iwath dkjksckj dh orZeku ifjlaifÙk;ksa ,oa mldh
çeq[k vkadM+s gksrs gSaA fcØh ls çkIr gksus okys ,sls jktLo dk orZeku ns;rkvks
5-4a dsuschp varj gSA ljy,sl'kCnks
QsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ h ik=a eslaa dk;Z dkjh
LFkkvks a dhiwlwatph h esa ,Qihvks
vuqeku yxkuk gksrk gS tks ;FkklaHko lVhd <ax ls O¸kolk; dks og /kujkf'k gS ftldh t:jr dkjks c kj
dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks dks vYi vof/k dh ewY; leFkZu
çkIr gksaxsA ;s fcØh ds fiNys fjdkMksaZ ;k m|ksx ds vkSlr fcØh viuh ns;rkvksa dks laiwcjka/khdjus ds fy,dkgksrdk;Z
[kjhnnkjh h gSA djusdk;Zddskjh fy, iwath mldh esa vksj ls
jktLo ij vk/kkfjr gksus pkfg,A tc fcØh ds y{; fu/kkZfjr gks fuEufyf[kr 'kkfeydke gksrs djrs
gSa % gSaA
tkrs gSa ¼vf/kd ls vf/kd lVhd <ax ls½] rks vko';d ykxrksa
dk vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gS ftlls fcØh jktLo dks lkdkj ◊ udn 5-5 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
djus esa enn feyrh gSA ◊ foi.ku ds ;ksvkSX;j çfrHkw
jkT;fr;kaljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
◊ çkfIr ds ;ksX;fofHkUu
ys[kk Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
ykxr% fdlh Hkh O;olk; esa ykxrksa dk vuqeku yxkuk ,d ◊ oLrqlwph ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
tfVy çfØ;k gSA miHkksx] ftu ij ykxrksa dk vuqeku yxk;k ◊ ns; ys[kk] vkSlaj LFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
tkrk gS] esa NksVs&eksVs ifjorZuksa ls ctV cukus dh laiw.kZ dok;n ◊ etnwjh@osruçksRrFkklkfgrdjfd;k tk ldsA
tied up in current assets, decisions regarding working
capital greatly impact business success.
NATIONAL POLICY
sold = ` 250 per quintal (including transportation,
waste, insurance, etc.)
¸ The FOR THEofPROMOTION
sale price OF FARMER
Gram in open market = ` 3,600PRODUCER
4.5.3 How to prepare a budget? per quintal
To prepare a good budget, the following three questions
should be answered:
¸ How much net profit (i.e. sales minus costs) do I
PREAMBLE
What would be the break-even sales for PC-A?
Assuming that the break-even sales is Vb
want the PC’s business to make in the financial The break-even sales for PC-A
Collectivization would be:especially small and
of producers,
year? 3600x Vb – 100000 – (3000+250)x
marginal farmers, into producer Vb = 0organisations has
2.3
¸ How much it will cost (both fixed and variable costs) 350 Vb = 100000
to generate that profit? Vb = 285.714
¸ How much sales revenue is necessary to support to address the many challenges of agriculture but
both profit and costs? mostthat
This means importantly, improved
PC-A will have to sell access to investments,
more than 285
technology and inputs and
quintals of Gram in one year to break even.markets. Department of 2.4
Based upon the answers of the above three questions, Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
the budget can be prepared. Now if PC-A
Govt.alsoof wants
India tohasrecover the depreciation
identified farmer producer
cost of its
organisation registered under the specialetc.
machinery (grading plant, generators, provisions 2.5
4.5.4 Break-even analysis of about ` 10,000 per month) and also make a profit
The most commonly used budgeting statement is the of ` 140,000 per year, then the quantity of Gram it will
‘break even analysis’. In simple terms, this means that institutional
have to sell form around
will be calculated which
by this to mobilize farmers
formula:
one has to find out using the above three answers and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3.
what should be the sales revenues so that all the costs production
Total sales and =marketing
– total costs (10,000 xstrength.
12) + 140,000 =
incurred in the business are recovered. This volume of ` 2,60,000 3.1
sales is called the break even sales or the break even This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
point. The fixed costs that must be recovered from the Applyingandthe guide
same to formula:
Central and State Government agencies
sales revenues after the deduction of variable costs 3600 x Vb – 100000 – (3000 + 250) x Vb = 2,60,000
determines the sales volume required to break even. 350 x Vb = 3,60,000
This also means that any amount of sales after this Organisations, especially producer companies and
Vb = 1028.57
would result in profits for the business. At break even link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
point, the total variable costs plus the fixed costs is schemesthat
This indicates of the Centraltoand
in order State
earn Governments.
a profit and
PART THREE
equal to the total sales revenue. depreciation cost, the PC-A has to sell more than 571
quintals 1.
of GramVISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
per year.
This can be expressed as: F + V (X) = P(X) agriculture sector by promoting and supporting
A typical break-even chart would
member-owned look likeOrganisations,
Producer this: that
Where, F = fixed costs enable farmers to enhance productivity through
V = Variable costs per unit efficient, cost-effective and sustainable resource use
4.
X = volume of output (in units) and realize higher returns for their produce, through
Profit
P = price per unit collective action supported by the government, 4.1
Break-even point
Let us take a simple example to illustrate the above agencies, civil society and the private sector.
Loss
concepts Producers company-A (PC-A henceforth)
wants to sell agriculture produce Gram to a bigger 2. MISSION
market. The following would be the costs:
¸ Cost price of Gram = ` 3000 per quintal
(FPOs)
¸ Fixed costs per year = ` 1,00,000 (including rentals,
salaries, communication, promotion, etc.) 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
¸ Additional variable cost per quintal of produce to be by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions

pwafd fdlh QeZ ;k dkjksckj daiuh us yxHkx viuh 40 çfr'kr ◊ csps tkus okys çfr DohaVy mRikn dh vfrfjä fopyu
iwath dks orZeku ifjlaifÙk;ksa esa yxk;k gksrk gS] blfy, dk;Zdkjh ykxr ¾ 250 #i, çfr DohaVy ¼ftlesa ifjogu] vif'k"V]
iwath ds laca/k esa fu.kZ; ls dkjksckj dh lQyrk ij cgqr vf/kd chek vkfn 'kkfey gSa½
çHkko iM+rk gSA ◊ [kqys cktkj esa pus dk fcØh ewY; ¾ 3]600 #i, çfr DohaVy
ihlh & , ds fy, leku :i ls foHkkftr fcØh D;k gksxh\
4-5-3 ctV dSls rS;kj djsa\
vPNk ctV rS;kj djus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr ç'uksa dk mÙkj ;g ekurs gq, fd leku :i ls foHkkftr fcØh ohch gS] rks ihlh
fn;k tkuk pkfg, % & , ds fy, leku :i ls foHkkftr fcØh bl çdkj gksxh %
3600 × oh ch&100000&¼3000$250½ × oh ch ¾ 0
◊ mRiknd daiuh ds dkjksckj ls eSa foÙko"kZ esa fdruk 'kq) 350 oh ch ¾ 100000
ykHk ¼vFkkZr fcØh&ykxr½ dekuk pkgrk gw¡\ oh ch ¾ 285-714
◊ bl ykHk dks çkIr djus ij ykxr fdruh vk,xh ¼vpy
,oa fopyu nksuksa çdkj dh ykxrsa½\ bldk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd ihlh & , dks leku :i ls foHkkftr
◊ ykHk ,oa ykxr nksuksa dh lgk;rk ds fy, fcØh ls fdruk djus ds fy, ,d o"kZ esa 285 DohaVyls vf/kd puk cspuk gksxkA
jktLo vko';d gS\
vc ;fn ihlh & , viuh e'khujh ¼Js.khdj.k IykaV] tsujsVj
mi;qZä o rhuksa ç'uksa ds mÙkj ds vk/kkj ij ctV rS;kj fd;k vkfn½ ds ewY;dºzkl dh ykxr ¼çfrekg yxHkx 10]000 #i,½ dh
tk ldrk gSA Hkh olwyh djuk pkgrh gS rFkk çfro"kZ 1]40]000 #i, dk ykHk
Hkh dekuk pkgrh gS] rks blds }kjk csps tkus okys pus dh ek=k
4-5-4 leku :i ls foHkktu dk fo'ys"k.k dh x.kuk fuEufyf[kr lw= }kjk dh tk,xh %
ctV ds lanHkZ esa vkerkSj ij lcls vf/kd ç;qä gksus okyk leku dqy fcØh & dqy ykxr ¾ ¼10]000 × 12½ $ 140]000 ¾
:i ls ykHk & vykHk foHkktu dk fo'ys"k.k* gSA ljy 'kCnksa esa 2]60]000 #i,
bldk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd mi;qZä rhuksa mÙkjksa dk ç;ksx djrs
gq, ;g irk yxkuk gksrk gS fd fcØh ls çkIr gksus okyk jktLo blh lw= dks ykxw djus ij %
fdruk gksuk pkfg, rkfd O;olk; ij [kpZ dh xbZ lHkh ykxrksa 3600 × oh ch & 100000 & ¼3000 $ 250½ × oh ch ¾ 2]60]000
dh olwyh gks ldsA fcØh dh bl ek=k dks leku :i ls foHkkftr 350 × oh ch ¾ 3]60]000
fcØh ;k leku :i ls foHkkftr fcanq dgk tkrk gSA vpy ykxr oh ch ¾ 1028+57
tks fopyu ykxr dks fudkyus ds ckn fcØh ds jktLo ls vo';
olwyh tkuh pkfg,] leku :i ls foHkkftr djus ds fy, visf{kr blls bl ckr dk irk pyrk gS fd ykHk dekus rFkk ewY;ºzkl
fcØh dh ek=k dks fu/kkZfjr djrh gSA leku :i ls foHkkftr dh ykxr dh olwyh ds fy, ihlh&, dks çfro"kZ 571 DohaVy ls
Hkkx rhu
fcanq ij] dqy fopyu ykxr] vpy ykxr dqy fcØh jktLo ds vf/kd pus dh fcØh djuh gksxh %
leku gksrh gSA
,d fof'k"V leku :i ls foHkkftr pkVZ bl çdkj fn[ksxk %
bls fuEufyf[kr :i esa O;ä fd;k tk ldrk gS% ,Q $ oh
¼,Dl½ ¾ ih ¼,Dl½ tgka gS]
,Q ¾ vpy ykxr
oh ¾ çfr ;wfuV fopyu ykxr ykHk
O;; ,oa jktLo
,Dl ¾ vkmViqV dh ek=k ¼;wfuV esa½ leku :i ls foHkkftr fcanq

ih ¾ çfr ;wfuV ykxr
gkfu
mi;qZä ladYiuk dks Li"V djus ds fy, vc ge ,d ljy
mnkgj.k ysrs gSaA mRiknd daiuh & , ¼vc vkxs ihlh & ,
dgk x;k gS½ ,d cM+s cktkj esa —f"k mRikn puk dh fcØh djuk
pkgrh gSA ykxr bl çdkj gksxh % fcØh dh ek=k ¼isfV;ksa dh la[;k½
◊ pus dk ykxr ewY; ¾ 3000 #i, çfr DohaVy vpy ykxr

◊ çfro"kZ vpy ykxr ¾ 1]00]000 #i, ¼ftlesa fdjk;k] fopyu ykxr
osru] lapkj] lao/kZu vkfn 'kkfey gSa½ jktLo

71
4.5.5 Sources
viable producerofowned
finance
FPOs. operations for various crops.
In simple terms, ways and means to raise the capital or policy for working capital support, SJSY special scheme
money required to be invested in a business is called can provide infrastructure grant to the PC) and from
‘financing’. There are four basic but different ways to other development agencies.
raise capital or funds for investing in any business.
These are: Since any firm or business has about 40% of its capital
tied up in current assets, decisions regarding working
Personal financing: This is the money that PC has capital greatly impact business success.
ready access to and on which the PC does not have
to pay any interest. It may be sourced from the reserve5.7 4.5.6will
DAC What
workiswith
interest?
MinistryWhat are the various
of Corporate ways of
Affairs and
and surpluses of previous years. This is the easiest (but calculating
other interest?
stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
not the best) way to finance the business. However, provisions
Interest is the
of cost
the law
or value
relating
of money.
to the In
registration,
debt financing,
in case of a new PC this opportunity will not be there. management
there are twoand main
regulation
parties –of the
FPOsborrower
with a view
and the
same.
lender.
to A borrower
fostering fast pacedis the oneofwho
growth FPOs.receives money
Credit capital: Credit capital can be obtained from from the lender. An interest rate is the amount, usually
credit companies or from potential buyers who give 6. ROLE
statedOF asSTATE GOVERNMENT
a percentage, demandedINSTITUTIONS
by a lenderIN(or an
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
a grace period before the amount is due or interest SUPPORTING
investor) to make FPOSan amount of money available to a
5.1 Department
is charged. ofTheAgriculture
producersand whoCooperation
sell their products
(DAC), to borrower to use or invest in his business. Following are
Ministry
the PC would
of Agriculture,
not hesitate Govt.
in giving
of India
credit
willperiod
act asto the the examples of some interest calculations:
the
PC ifnodal agencyabout
convinced for thethe
development
soundnessand growth
of the business
of
idea.
FPOs.
On the other hand the PC can get part payment in If PC-A borrowed ` 1,000 for 1 year at 12% interest then
advance from prospective buyers of certain agriculture it has to repay ` 1,120, at the end of the year. Of this,
produce that PC has made a deal to supply. It can ` 1,000 is the principal (abbreviated capital or lower
get agriculture inputs from the Agro dealers on the case P) and ` 120 is interest (I or i). Together they are
conditions of payment after sales. But mostly this type 6.1.1
called By declaring
Principal andFPOs at par
Interest with cooperatives
(abbreviated P & I or p + i).
of finance is not available for start-up businesses or a registered under the relevant State legislation
new venture. Equity financing: Equity financing does not Whereas,andifself-help
PC-A weregroups/federations
to borrow ` 1,000 for for1all
year at
require the business to directly repay the money lent benefits
1% interest and facilities
per month that are
compounded extended
(meaning paying
or invested by the investors. In case of PC the equity interesttoonmember-owned
interest as well institutions
as principal)from time then
monthly,
comes from the members and no external financier he willto time.
have to repay ` 1,127 at the end of the year.
can participate in the equity investment. Being a small
producers company the equity contribution is generally Similarly ` 1,000 borrowed by PC-A for 2 years at 12%
less and therefore it cannot contribute significantly per year, compounded, requires a payment of ` 1,254
to the total fund required for establishing a PC. at the end of 2 years.
Debt
5.3 The financing:
mandate This isCooperative
of National the most Development
preferred way of An interest calculation based on borrowing ` 1,000
Corporation
financing a new(NCDC)business.
will beHere
expanded
it is a direct
to include
obligationfor 5 years at 12% interest per year compounded is
FPOs
to payinthe
theinterest
list of eligible
on theinstitutions
money lent which receive
by the 6.1.3
as follows:
financier. By using FPOs as producers of certified
support
The biggest
under advantage
the variousis that
programmes
the financier of does
the not seed, saplings and other planting material
Corporation.
have control over the business as opposed to equity TABLE and6: CALCULATION OF INTEREST
extending production and marketing
financing. The important point to be noted in this is Year 0 subsidies on par with cooperatives.
` 1000.00
the rate of interest charged. However, it is not easy to Add: 12% for Year 1 ` 120.00
raise debt financing for a producers company without End of Year 1 ` 1,120.00
collateral. Add 12% for Year 2 farmgate, through FPO ` 134.40
FPOs at the owned
GrantState
and support:
Governments
The PC beingtoaencourage
small holdersthemorganization
to EOY 2 procurement and marketing centres and for
` 1,254.40
facilitating
Add 12% for Year 3 contract farming arrangements
` 150.53
include
may seekFPOs
workingas procurement
capital supportagencies
from the Government
under
between FPOs and bulk buyers.` 1,404.93
the
under
Minimum
certain Support
governmentPriceschemes
(MSP) procurement
(viz. GoMP has a EOY 3
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
4-5-5 foÙk ds lzksr foHkkxh; ,ts4-2afl;ksa ,Qihvks
ls dk;Zddskjhlaiwoat/kZuh dsds fy, lgk;rk foLr`r fn'kkfuns
çkIr dj 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
ljy 'kCnksa esa] fdlh dkjksckj esa fuos'k djus ds fy, visf{kr iwath ldrh gS ¼mnkgj.klkFk ds fy,layXue/;gS,a çnsftles
'k ljdkja lalk/ku laLFkkvks
us dk;Z dkjha dsiwatp;u h dh fof/k]
;k /ku tqVkus ds rjhdksa ,oa ek/;eksa dks foÙk iks"k.k dgk tkrk ds fy, lgk;rk çnku ctVdjus ,oa iadhthdj.k
uhfr cukdh çfØ;k,a
j[kh gS] ,lts'kkfey,lokbZ
gSAa budk mís';]
gSA fdlh dkjksckj esa fuos'k ds fy, iwath ;k /ku tqVkus ds pkj fo'ks"k ;kstuk mRiknd ,Qihvks ds ladkso/kZuvola
daiuh esa 'kkfey
jpuk vuq dsæa nljdkj
ku çnku,oa dj jkT; ljdkj dh
cqfu;knh fdarq fHkUu &fHkUu rjhds gSa] tks bl çdkj gSa % ldrh gS½A laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
futh foÙk iks”k.k% ;g og /ku gksrk gS ftl rd mRiknd daiuh pwafd dksbZ QeZ ;k lM+ dkjks
dckjekufp=daiuh çnkuus viuh djukyxHkx gS tc40dsæa çfr'kr
h; ;kstuk ds rgr
dh vklkuh ls igqap gksrh gS rFkk ftl ij mRiknd daiuh dks iwath dks orZeku ifjla fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy,dfd;k
i fÙk;ks a es a yxkbZ gks r h gS ] blfy, dk;Z kjh tk jgk gksA
fdlh C;kt dk Hkqxrku ugha djuk iM+rk gSA blds lzksr fiNys iwath ds laca/k esa fu.kZ ; ls ;fn
rFkkfi] dkjksjkT;ckj dh
ljdkjslQyrka blds ij fy,cgqjkT;
r vf/kd
ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
lky ds lap;,oa vf/k'ks"k gks ldrs gSaA dkjksckj ds foÙk iks"k.k ds çHkko iM+rk gSA dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
fy, ;g lcls ljy ¼fdarq lcls mÙke ugha½ rjhdk gSA rFkkfi] Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
u;s mRiknd daiuh ds ekeys esa ;g fodYi miyC/k ugha gksrk gSA 4-5-6 C;kt D;k] gS\ C;kt dh x.kuk ds fofHkUu
rjhds D;k 5-gSa\ ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
_.k iwath% _.k iwath _.k nsus okyh daifu;ksa ls ;k laHkkfor C;kt /ku dk ewY;la;kLFkkvks
ykxra dh
gksrkHkwgSfedk
A _.k ds ek/;e ls foÙk
Øsrkvksa ls çkIr dh tk ldrh gS] tks jkf'k ds ns; gksus ls iwoZ iks"k.k ds ekeys esa nks eq[; i{kdkj gksrs gSa &_.kxzkgh ,oa
;k C;kt yxkus ls iwoZ ,d vuqxzg vof/k çnku djrs gSaA tks 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
_.knkrkA _.kxzkgh og gksrk gS tks _.knkrk ls /ku çkIr djrk
mRiknd vius mRiknksa dh fcØh mRiknd daiuh dks djrs gSa os ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
gSA C;kt nj ¼bls vkerkSj ij çfr'kr ds :i esa O;ä fd;k
mRiknd daiuh dks _.k vof/k çnku djus esa ladksp ugha djrs ds :i esa dke djsxkA
tkrk gS½ og jkf'k gksrh gS] ftldh _.knkrk ¼;k fuos'kd½ }kjk
gSa] ;fn mUgsa dkjksckj çLrko ds lQy gksus ds ckjs esa dksbZ lansg _.kxzkgh dks5-2/kujkf'k
y?kq miyC/k
—"kd —f"k djkusO;olk; ds cnysifjla esa eka?kx ¼,l,Q,lh½]
dh tkrh tks —f"k
ugha gksrk gSA nwljh vksj] mRiknd daiuh dfri; —f"k mRikn gS rkfd _.kxzkgh vius,oa lgdfjrk
dkjksckj esfoHkkxa ml /ku ds dk varxZç;ks
r x,d;k lafuos LFkk'k gS] rduhdh
ds laHkkfor Øsrkvksa ls vfxze esa vkaf'kd Hkqxrku çkIr dj ldrh dj ldsA C;kt dhlgk;rk] x.kuk dsçf'k{k.k
dqN mnkgj.klaca/kh vko';drkvks
uhps fn, x,a] vuq gSa %la/kku ,oa Kku
gS] ftlds fy, mRiknd daiuh us vkiwfrZ djus dk lkSnk fd;k çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
gSA ;g —f"k Mhyjksa ls bl 'krZ ij —f"k fuos’k çkIr dj ldrh ;fn ihlh&, us 12 çfr'kr
LFkkfir dsdjus C;ktdsijfy, ,d,dy o"kZ dsL=ks
fy,rds1000 :i#i, esa dke djus ds
gS fd og budks cspus ds ckn Hkqxrku djsxhA ijarq dkjksckj dh m/kkj fy,] rks mls fy, o"kZ ds—f"kvar,oaesa lgdkfjrk
1120 #i, foHkkx dh vnk;xh djuh
dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
'kq:vkr esa ;k fdlh u, m|e ds fy, bl rjg dk foÙk iks"k.k iM+xs hA blesa ls 1000,l,Q,lh
#i, ewy/ku jkT;¼ih½ljdkjks
rFkk 120 #i, C;kt
a] ,Qihvks rFkk¼vkbZ ½ ds lao/kZu
,Qihks
T;knkrj ekeys esa miyC/k ugha gksrk gSA gSA lkFk feykdj budks ew y /ku ,oa C;kt dgk tkrk gS
A
mfpr foÙk iks”k.k% mfpr foÙk iks"k.k ds rgr bl ckr dh t:jr tcfd] ;fn ihlh&,futh dks 1,oaçfr'kr çfrekgnksudsksa {kspØo`
lkoZtfud =ksa fds) vknku]
C;kt ijvkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
ugha gksrh gS fd dkjksckj m/kkj fy, x, /ku ;k fuos'kdksa }kjk ,d o"kZ ds fy, 1000 çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku;glaLFkkvksa rFkk
#i, m/kkj ys us gksr s ¼ftldk vfHkçk;
fuos'k dh xbZ jkf'k dks lh/ks pqdrk djsA mRiknd daiuh ds gS fd C;kt dk Hkqxfoi.ku
rku ewy,oa /ku çla
,oa LC;kt
dj.k ij dk;ZHkhdrkZ
djuk
vksa dsgksrchp
k gS½] lrr laidksaZ
ekeys esa mfpr foÙk iks"k.k lnL;ksa ls vkrk gS rFkk mfpr fuos'k rks mls o"kZ ds var rFkk
esa 1127 #i, dh vnk;xh djuh iM+ x
s hA
laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
esa dksbZ ckgjh foÙk iks"kd fgLlk ugha ys ldrk gSA NksVs mRikndksa
dh daiuh gksus ds dkj.k mfpr va'knku lkekU; rkSj ij de gksrk blh rjg] 125-3çfr'kr jk"Vªçfr
h; o"kZ
lgdkfjrk
ds C;kt fodkl
ij 2 o"kZfuxe
ds fy, ds ihlh&,
fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
gS rFkk blfy, mRiknd daiuh ds xBu ds fy, visf{kr dqy }kjk m/kkj fy, x,va1000 rxZr #i,
lgk;rk çkIrmlsdjus
ds fy, 2 o"kZds dsfy,varik=esa 1254
laLFkkvksa dh lwph
fuf/k esa ;g i;kZIr :i ls ;ksxnku djus esa leFkZ ugha gks ldrkA #i, dk Hkqxrku djuk gksxkA es a ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vª h; lgHkkfxrk
_.k foÙk iks”k.k% fdlh u, dkjksckj ds foÙk iks"k.k dk ;g lcls 12 çfr'kr çfr o"kZtk,xkA ds pØo`f) C;kt ij 5 o"kZ ds vof/k ds fy,
vf/kd euilan rjhdk gSA ;gka foÙk iks"kd }kjk m/kkj fn, x, 1000 #i, m/kkj ysus ij vk/kkfjr ,d C;kt x.kuk bl çdkj gS %
/ku ij C;kt dk Hkqxrku djuk lh/kh ns;rk gksrh gSA bldk
lcls cM+k ykHk ;g gS fd mfpr foRr iks"k.k ds foijhr foÙk lkj.kh 6% C;kt dh x.kuk
iks"kd dk dkjksckj ds Åij dksbZ fu;a=.k ugha gksrk gSA bl ekeys
o"kZ 0 dke djrs gSaA ` 1]000-00
esa /;ku nsus okyh egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd bl ij fdl nj ls
C;kt dk Hkqxrku djuk iM+rk gSA rFkkfi] vuqçkalfxd ds fcuk tksM+sa : 1 o"kZ 5-5 ds fy,—f"k
12 çfr'kr
,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh;` 120-00 [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
o"kZ 1 dh lekfIr ij vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk ` 1]120-00 dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
mRikn daiuh ds fy, _.k ds :i esa foÙk iks"k.k çkIr djuk
tksM+sa : 2 o"kZ ds fy,fofHkUu
12 çfr'krQlyksa ds fy, U;wure ` leFkZ 134-40u ewY; ¼,e,lih½
vklku ugha gSA
o"kZ 2 dh lekfIr ij ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds` 1]254-40 varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
vuqnku lgk;rk% NksVs fdlkuksa dk laxBu gksus ds ukrs mRiknd tks M + s a : 3 o"kZ ds fy, 12 çfr'kr
laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks150-53 ` 'kkfey djus ds fy,
daiuh dfri; ljdkjh Ldheksa ds varxZr ljdkj ls rFkk vU; o"kZ 3 dh lekfIr ij çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA ` 1]404-93
Add 12% for Year 4
EOY 4
` 168.59
` 1,573.52
NATIONAL POLICY
except that it works backwards in time, taking a future
cash flow and giving it a value today. The Present value
Add 12% for Year 5 ` 188.82 FORinTHE
is calculated PROMOTION
the following manner:OF FARMER PRODUCER
EOY 5 ` 1,762.34
PV = A/(1 + D)T
Hence if the loan is to be repaid after five years, the
payment would be ` 1762.34 of which the principal
PREAMBLE
Where A = Amount expected,
D = Discount rate, and
returned is ` 1000, whereas the interest is ` 762.34. T = TimeCollectivization
(in years) of producers, especially small and
If PC-A were to earn ` 10,000
marginal farmers, into in 1producer
year fromorganisations
today, its has 2.3
There are three most common methods of loan present value given a discount rate of 12% would be:
repayment calculations. These are: PV = ` 8928.57
¸ Interest only – meaning only interests during the most
This means thatimportantly,
if PC-A wereimproved access today,
to earn ` 8928.57 to investments,
it
loan duration and the last instalment is paid along technology and inputs and markets.
would be equivalent to getting (cash inflow) ` 1000 in Department of 2.4
with the principal amount. the next Agriculture
year. Pleaseand noteCooperation,
that it would Ministry
also mean ofthat
Agriculture,
¸ Equal payments – here the interest and the if PC-A were
Govt. to give ` 1000has
of India nextidentified
year (cash farmer
outflow),producer
it
principal to be repaid are spread evenly for the would beorganisation
equivalent toregistered
giving ` 8928.57 today.
under the special provisions 2.5
entire loan term.
¸ Equal principal payment – in this case, the Similarly, if PC-A were to give ` 1000 in two years time
principal amount is paid in equal instalments, while from now,institutional
its present form
valuearound
would be which to mobilize farmers
` 7971.94.
the interest decreases (based upon the balance and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3.
principal amount). production
The Net Present Valueand marketing
or NPV strength.
is the sum total of present
values of such cash outflows or inflows over a period of 3.1
TABLE 7: REPAYMENT PLAN time. This is used
This policywhen calculating
document the to
is meant present
serve asworth
a reference
Year Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6 andYr guide
7 to
Yr 8CentralYr and
9 StateYr 10Government
Total agencies
Interest Only 24000 24000 24000 24000 24000 24000 which 24000 seek24000
to promote
24000 and 174000
support 390000
Farmer Producer
Equal Payment 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 Organisations, 31035 31035especially 31035 producer
31035 310350 companies and
Equal Principal 39000 36600 34200 31800 29400 27000 link them to22200
24600 benefits under 17400
19800 various 282000
programmes and
3.2
PART THREE
Let us assume that the PC-A has managed to borrow of future investments or cash inflows or instalment
` 150000 from a commercial bank. The bank offers payments. 1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
the PC-A about the three plans of repayment (interest agriculture sector by promoting and supporting
only, equal payments and equal principal payments). The formula is as follows:
Given the three options, which option the PC-A should opt for? enable farmers to enhance productivity through
NPV = A1/(1 efficient,
+ D/100)1 cost-effective
+ A2/(1+D/100)2
and sustainable
+ A3/(1resource
+ use
4.
To answer the above question, the PC-A could take D/100)3 + …….. + An/(1
and realize + D/100)n
higher returns for their produce, through
recourse to calculating Net present Value of the future collective action supported by the government, 4.1
cash outflows in all the three options. Where, A1, A2, A3,fruitful
and …., An are the cashwith
collaboration flows expectedresearch
academia,
in 1, 2, 3, andagencies,
nth year respectively and D
civil society andis the
thediscount
private sector.
4.5.7 What is Net Present Value (or NPV)? rate.
2. MISSION
Present Value or PV is a method to calculate what would In our example earlier, given the three cash outflow
be the value of a future cash flow if it were to happen scenarios for PC-A, the NPV for each one of them is
today. Here a discount rate (similar to interest rate) is given below:
(FPOs)
used to calculate the PV. An interest rate looks forward
in time. It represents what someone expects to earn in 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
the future. A discount rate serves the same function, by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions

tksM+sa : 4 o"kZ ds fy, 12 çfr'kr ` 168-59 x.kuk fuEufyf[kr <ax ls dh tkrh gS%
o"kZ 4 dh lekfIr ij ` 1]573-52
tksM+sa : 5 o"kZ ds fy, 12 çfr'kr ` 188-82

ihoh ¾ ,@¼1+ $Mh½ Vh
o"kZ 5 dh lekfIr ij ` 1]762-34tgka , ¾ visf{kr jkf'k]
Mh ¾ NwV nj] vkSj
bl çdkj ;fn _.k dks 5 lky ckn pqdrk djuk gks] rks Hkqxrku Vh ¾ le; ¼o"kksaZ esa½ gS
1762-34 #i, gksxk ftlesa ls ykSVk;k x;k ewy/ku 1000 #i, gS] ;fn ihlh&, dks vkt ls 1 o"kZ esa 10]000 #i, dekus gksxa ]s rks 12
tcfd 762-34 #i, C;kt gSA çfr'kr dh NwV nj ds vk/kkj ij orZeku ewY; bl çdkj gksxk%
_.k vnk;xh dh x.kuk dh rhu lcls vke fof/k;ka gS]a tks bl çdkj gSa % ihoh ¾ 8928-57 #i,
bldk eryc ;g gS fd ;fn ihlh&, dks 8928-57 #i, vftZr
◊ dsoy C;kt & bldk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd _.k dh vof/k djus gksaxs] rks ;g vxys lky 1000 #i, ¼udn var% çokg½ çkIr
ds nkSjku dsoy C;kt dk Hkqxrku fd;k tkrk gS rFkk djus ds lerqY; gksxkA —i;k /;ku nsa fd bldk vfHkçk; ;g
vkf[kjh fdLr dk Hkqxrku ewy/ku ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA Hkh gksxk fd ;fn ihlh&, dks vxys lky 1000 #i, nsus gksaxs
◊ leku Hkqxrku & ;gka pqdrk fd, tkus okys C;kt ,oa ¼udn cfgiZzokg½] rks ;g vkt 8928-57 #i, nsus ds cjkcj gksxkA
ewy/ku dks _.k dh laiw.kZ vof/k esa leku :i ls foHkkftr
dj fn;k tkrk gSA blh rjg] ;fn vkt ls 2 lky dh vof/k esa ihlh&, dks 10]000
◊ ewy/ku dk leku Hkqxrku & bl ekeys esa] ewy/ku dk #i, nsus gksaxs] rks bldk orZeku ewY; 7971-94 #i, gksxkA
Hkqxrku leku fdLrksa esa fd;k tkrk gS] tcfd C;kt ?kVrk
jgrk gS ¼'ks"k ewy/ku ds vk/kkj ij½A 'kq) orZeku ewY; ;k ,uihoh ,d le; vof/k esa bl çdkj ds
udn cfgiZzokg ;k var% çokg ds orZeku ewY;ksa dk ;ksx gSA Hkko
lkj.kh 7% iquHkqZxrku ;kstuk
o"kZ o"kZ 1 o"kZ 2 o"kZ 3 o"kZ 4 o"kZ 5 o"kZ 6 o"kZ 7 o"kZ 8 o"kZ 9 o"kZ 10 dqy
dsoy C;kt 24000 24000 24000 24000 24000 24000 24000 24000 24000 174000 390000
leku Hkqxrku 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 31035 310350
ewy/ku dk leku Hkqxrku 39000 36600 34200 31800 29400 27000 24600 22200 19800 17400 282000
vc ge eku ysrs gSa fd ihlh&, us fdlh okf.kfT;d cSad ls fuos'kksa ds orZeku ewY; ;k udn var% çokg ;k fdLrksa esa Hkqxrku
1]50]000 #i, m/kkj fy, gSaA cSad ihlh&, dks Hkqxrku dh rhu dh x.kuk djrs le; bldk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
Hkkx rhu
;kstukvksa ¼dsoy C;kt] leku Hkqxrku vkSj ewy/ku dk leku
lw= bl çdkj gS%
Hkqxrku½ ds ckjs esa crkrk gSA mi;qZä rhuksa fodYiksa esa ls fdl
fodYi dks ihlh&, }kjk pquk tkuk pkfg,\ ,uihoh ¾ ,1@¼1$+Mh@100½1$+,2@¼1+$Mh@100½2$+
,3¼1$Mh@100½3$…….,,u¼1$Mh@100½,u
bl ç'u dk mÙkj nsus ds fy, ihlh&, lHkh rhuksa fodYiksa esa
tgka] ,1],2] ,3] ……..,,u 1] 2] 3 avkSj ,,u o"kZ esa Øekuqlkj
Hkko udn cfgiZzokg ds 'kq) orZeku ewY; dh x.kuk djus dk
visf{kr udn çokg gaS vkSj Mh NwV nj gSA
lgkjk ys ldrk gSA
gekjs fiNys mnkgj.k esa] ogka ihlh&, ds fy, udn cfgiZzokg
4-5-7 'kq) orZeku ewY; ¼,u ih oh½ D;k gS\ ds rhu ifj–';ksa dks ns[krs gq,] buesa ls çR;sd ds fy, ,uihoh
orZeku ewY; ;k ihoh bl ckr dh x.kuk dh ,d fof/k gS fd uhps nh x;h gS %
Hkko udn çokg dk ewY; D;k gksxk ;fn ,slk vkt gh gksrkA
;gka ihoh dh x.kuk djus ds fy, NwV nj ¼C;kt nj dh rjg
gh½ dk ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA C;kt nj vxzn'khZ gksrh gSA ;g
n'kkZrh gS fd dksbZ Hkfo"; esa D;k vftZr djus dh vis{kk j[krk
gSA NwV nj Hkh ;gh dk;Z djrh gS] bl ckr dks NksM+dj fd ;g
le; dh –f"V ls i'pxkeh gksrh gS rFkk Hkko udn çokg dks
ysdj mls vkt dk ewY; çnku fd;k tkrk gSA orZeku ewY; dh

73
TABLE producer
viable 8: CALCULATION OF NPV
owned FPOs. operations for various crops.
PAYMENT PLAN NPV
Interest Only ` 150,000.00
Equal Payment 149,999.21
and registration processes are annexed to this` Policy. short and medium term credit for working capital
Equal Principal
These are meant to guide the Central and ` 150,000.00
State and infrastructure investment needs of FPOs. DAC
and
As we provide
can observe,
a detailed the roadmap
NPV for alltothe achieve
three payment
the achieve 100% financial inclusion for members of
vision
plans of is building
almost same.
FPOs, especially
This means if funds
that for
underPC-A or FPOs and link them to Kisan Credit Cards.
Central
for the Bank,
schemes the are
three being
plans
usedaretothe
promote
same.FPOs.
However,
However,
dependingState upon Governments
the paying are capacity
free toofdevelop
PC-A or the
their
money ownrequirement
independentofguidelines
the Bank,toone support
of the
FPOsoptions
ifcan
theybe are
chosen.
using.ForState
example,
budgetary
in planfunds1 – Interest
for theOnly,
same.
the maximum amount is payable only in the 10th year.
This may not suit the Bank as it will get far less money
5. ROLE
duringOF theCENTRAL GOVERNMENT
initial years INSTITUTIONS
to service other loans. Also the
IN
riskSUPPORTING
is higher for theFPOs Bank. Most of the repayment plans
SUPPORTING FPOS
prefer either plan 2 or 3.
Theoretically, the net present value of a future stream formation of FPOs on a large scale through Centrally-
of cash flows (outgoing and incoming) must be positive sponsored and State-financed programmes and
of FPOs.
to justify an investment. In other words, if a project is schemes, DAC suggests the following steps to
5.2 Small
worth Farmers’
more than Agribusiness Consortium
it costs (outflows (SFAC),
are less than the be taken by State Governments to support and
ainflows),
Societyitsunder
NPV will DAC, be positive.
will be the designated strengthen FPOs:
In the example
technical below
support, the NPV
training has been
needs, calculated
research and on
knowledge
three different management
marketing and strategies
to creategenerating
linkagesthree
to
different
investments,
cash flowtechnology
althoughand totalmarkets.
cash flow SFAC
is the
willsame.
provide
In such all-
case,round
a netsupport
presenttovalue
Stateanalysis
Governments,
would help
FPOs
the PC-Aand to
other entitiesamong
compare engaged theinthree
promotion
choices.and
to time.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
lkj.kh 8% ,uihoh dh x.kuk 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
vnk;xh ;kstuk ,uihoh ¼#i, esa½ lkFk layXu gS,a ftlesa lalk/ku laLFkkvksa ds p;u dh fof/k]
dsoy C;kt ` 150]000-00 ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
leku Hkqxrku ` 149]999-21 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
ewy/ku dk leku Hkqxrku ` 150]000-00 laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
tSlk fd ge ns[k ldrs gSa] lHkh rhu Hkqxrku ;kstukvksa ds lM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
,uihoh deksos'k leku gSaA bldk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd ihlh&, ds fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
fy, ;k cSad ds fy, rhuksa ;kstuk,a leku gSaA rFkkfi] ihlh&, rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
dh Hkqxrku djus dh {kerk ;k cSad dh /ku laca/kh vko';drk ds dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
vk/kkj ij buesa ls dksbZ Hkh fodYi pquk tk ldrk gSA mnkgj.k Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
ds fy,] ;kstuk 1 & dsoy C;kt] vf/kdre jkf'k dsoy 10osa
o"kZ esa ns; gSA ;g cSad ds fy, mi;qä ugha gks ldrh gS D;ksafd
mls vU; _.k çnku djus ds fy, 'kq:vkrh o"kksaZ ds nkSjku cgqr 5- ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
de /ku feysxkA blds vykok] cSad ds fy, tksf[ke Hkh vf/kd laLFkkvksa dh Hkwfedk
gSA vf/kdka'k vnk;xh ;kstuk,a ;kstuk 2 ;k ;kstuk 3 dks ilan 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
djrh gSaA ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
lS)kafrd :i ls] udn çokg ¼cfgtkZod ,oa vartkZr½ dh Hkkoh ds :i esa dke djsxkA
/kkjk dk 'kq) orZeku ewY; fuf'pr :i ls ldkjkRed gksuk 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
pkfg, rkfd fuos'k dk vkSfpR; lgh Bgjk;k tk ldsA nwljs 'kCnksa ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
esa] ;fn fdlh ifj;kstuk dk ewY; mldh ykxr ls vf/kd gksxk lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
¼cfgtkZod vartkZr ls de gSa½] rks mldk ,uihoh ldkjkRed çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
gksxkA LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
uhps fn, x, mnkgj.k esa ,uohih dh x.kuk foi.ku dh rhu fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
vyx&vyx j.kuhfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij dh xbZ gS ftlls rhu ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
vyx&vyx udn çokg dk l`tu gqvk gS] ;|fi dqy udn ,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
çokg leku gSA bl rjg ds ekeys esa] 'kq) orZeku ewY; ds çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
fo'ys"k.k ls rhu fodYiksa ds chp rqyuk djus esa ihlh&, dks futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
enn feyrh gSA çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
tk,xkA
dke djrs gSaA
Table 9: Cash Flow-1
Yr 0 Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6
NATIONAL POLICY
Yr 7 Yr 8 Yr 9 Yr 10 Total NPV
(at 12%) PRODUCER
Strategy A (300000) 10000 30000 45000 60000 50000 45000 60000 70000 50000 45000 165000 ` (9,338)
PREAMBLE
Strategy B (300000) 30000 45000 70000 60000 50000 45000 65000 35000 50000 15000 165000 ` 3,944
Strategy C (300000) 20000 40000 65000 70000 60000 30000 50000 40000 60000 30000 165000 ` 6,467
Please note that the outgoing cash (in Year zero) is always shown Collectivization
as a negative,of asproducers, especially small and
it is an investment.
Looking at these three choices, only two strategies (B & C) have a positive NPV at a 12% discount rate while
the third (Strategy A) is negative. This means that even if the three strategies would cost the same (the sum
to address
total of all the three cash flows is ` 1,65,000), the net present value of thesethe many challenges
is different of agriculture
and the Strategy with but
the best NPV (Strategy B in this case) should be normally selected most importantly,
over the other two.improved access to investments,
Now if the discount rate changes, the NPV would also change. For example if the discount rate is lowered from
12% to 8%, the resulting NPV would be:
Table 10: Cash Flow - 2
Yr 0 Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6 Yr 7 Yr 8 Yr 9 Yr 10 Total NPV
institutional form around which to mobilize (at 8%) farmers
Strategy A (300000) 10000 30000 45000 60000 50000 45000 60000 and build their50000
70000 capacity to collectively
45000 leverage their
165000 ` 61,704.20
3.
Strategy B (300000) 30000 45000 70000 60000 50000 45000 65000 production35000and marketing
50000 15000 strength.
165000 ` 81,460.35
Strategy C (300000) 20000 40000 65000 70000 60000 30000 50000 40000 60000 30000 165000 ` 75,060.21 3.1
Now all the three strategies yield positive net present values. and guide to Central and State Government agencies
Now if the discount rate changes to 16%, then NPV for the same streams of cash flow would yield the following
result:
TABLE 11: CASH FLOW - 3 link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
Yr 0 Yr 1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6 schemes
Yr 7 Yr 8of the
Yr Central
9 and Total
Yr 10 State Governments.
NPV
PART THREE
(at 16%)
Strategy A (300000) 10000 30000 45000 60000 50000 1.
60000VISION:
45000 70000 To build 45000
50000 a prosperous
165000 ànd sustainable
(57,472.46)
agriculture sector by promoting
Strategy B (300000) 30000 45000 70000 60000 50000 45000 65000 35000 50000 15000 165000 ` (32,732.80) and supporting
Strategy C (300000) 20000 40000 65000 70000 60000 30000 50000member-owned40000 60000 30000 Producer Organisations,
165000 ` (40,633.59)
that
In this case all of the three strategies yield negative NPV and hence do not appear attractive. 4.
This exercise demonstrates that in financial analysis, and especially in Net Present Value (NPV) analysis, the
choice of discount rate is crucial. However for investments, analysis only on the basis of NPV may lead to faulty
outcome and decision as its result hinges crucially on the discount rate adopted. Calculation of discount rate
is complicated and requires expert advice.
2. MISSION
Is there another, easier and a surer method to compare different 2.1cash flow streams?
To promote Yes, another
economically technique
viable, democratic, and
called the Internal Rate of Return or IRR – is used for project analysis orself
the comparison
governing Farmer
of cashProducer
flow alternatives
Organisations
without having a specific discount rate. (FPOs)

lkj.kh 9 % udn çokg & 1
o"kZ o"kZ 0 o"kZ 1 o"kZ 2 o"kZ 3 o"kZ 4 o"kZ 5 o"kZ 6 o"kZ 7 o"kZ 8 o"kZ 9 o"kZ 10 dqy ,u ih oh ¼12 çfr'kr
ij½ ¼` es½a
j.kuhfr&d ¼300000½ 10000 30000 45000 60000 50000 45000 60000 70000 50000 45000 165000 ¼9]338½
j.kuhfr&[k ¼300000½ 30000 45000 70000 60000 50000 45000 65000 35000 15000 15000 165000 3]944
j.kuhfr&x ¼300000½ 20000 40000 65000 70000 60000 30000 50000 40000 60000 30000 165000 6]467
—i;k /;ku nsa fd cfgtkZod udn ¼o"kZ 'kwU; esa½ dks ges'kk udkjkRed ds :i esa n'kkZ;k tkrk gS D;ksafd ;g fuos'k gksrk gSA
;fn ge bu rhuksa fodYiksa dks ns[ksa] rks dsoy nks j.kuhfr;ksa ¼[k ,oa x½ esa 12 çfr'kr dh NwV nj ij ldkjkRed ,uihoh gS] tcfd
rhljk fodYi ¼j.kuhfr d½ udkjkRed gSA bldk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd Hkys gh rhuksa j.kuhfr;ksa dh ykxr leku gks ¼rhuksa udn çokgksa
dk dqy ;ksx 1]65]000 #i, gS½] budk 'kq) orZeku ewY; vyx&vyx gS rFkk loksZÙke ,uihoh okyh j.kuhfr ¼bl ekeys esa j.kuhfr
[k½ dks lkekU; rkSj ij vU; nks j.kuhfr;ksa dh rqyuk esa rjthg nh tkuh pkfg,A
vc ;fn NwV dh nj esa ifjorZu gksrk gS] rks ,uihoh esa Hkh ifjorZu gksxkA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ;fn NwV dh nj 12 çfr'kr dh ctk;
8 çfr'kr gks tkrh gS] rks ifj.kke ,uihoh bl çdkj gksxk %
lkj.kh 10% udn çokg & 2

ij½ ¼` es½a
j.kuhfr&d ¼300000½ 10000 30000 45000 60000 50000 45000 60000 70000 50000 45000 165000 61]704-20
j.kuhfr&[k ¼300000½ 30000 45000 70000 60000 50000 45000 65000 35000 15000 15000 165000 81]460-35
j.kuhfr&x ¼300000½ 20000 40000 65000 70000 60000 30000 50000 40000 60000 30000 165000 75]060-21
vc mi;qZä& rhuksa j.kuhfr;ka ldkjkRed 'kq) orZeku ewY; çnku djrh gSaA
vc ;fn NwV dh nj ifjofrZr gksdj 16 çfr'kr gks tkrh gS] rks udn çokg dh blh /kkjk ds fy, ,uihoh ls fuEufyf[kr ifj.kke
çkIr gksxk %
Hkkx rhu
lkj.kh&11% udn çokg&3
ij½ ¼` es½a
j.kuhfr&d ¼300000½ 10000 30000 45000 60000 50000 45000 60000 70000 50000 45000 165000 ¼57]472-46½
j.kuhfr&[k ¼300000½ 30000 45000 70000 60000 50000 45000 65000 35000 15000 15000 165000 ¼32]732-80½
j.kuhfr&x ¼300000½ 20000 40000 65000 70000 60000 30000 50000 40000 60000 30000 165000 ¼40]633-59½
bl ekeys esa rhuksa j.kuhfr;ka udkjkRed ,uihoh çnku djrh gSa vkSj bl çdkj vkd"kZd çrhr ugha gksrh gSaA
;g dok;n çnf'kZr djrh gS fd foÙkh; fo'ys"k.k esa rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls 'kq) orZeku ewY; ¼,uihoh½ ds fo'yss"k.k esa NwV nj dk fodYi
egRoiw.kZ gksrk gSA rFkkfi fuos'k ds fy, dsoy ,uihoh ds vk/kkj ij fo'ys"k.k ls nks"kiw.kZ ifj.kke ,oa fu.kZ; çkIr gks ldrs gSa D;ksa
fd bldk ifj.kke egRoiw.kZ :i ls viuk;h xbZ NwV nj ij vk/kkfjr gksrk gSA NwV nj dh x.kuk ,d tfVy dk;Z gS rFkk blds
fy, fo'ks"kKksa ls lykg ysus dh t:jr gksrh gSA
D;k udn çokg dh fofHkUu /kkjkvksa dh rqyuk djus ds fy, dksbZ vU;] vklku rFkk iDdh fof/k gS\ th gka] ifj;kstuk ds fo'ys"k.k
ds fy, ;k udn çokg ds fodYiksa dh rqyuk djus ds fy, vkarfjd çfrQy nj ;k vkbZvkjvkj uked ,d vU; rduhd dk ç;ksx
fd;k tkrk gS ftlds rgr dksbZ fof'k"V NwV nj ugha gksrh gSA

75
4.5.8 WHAT
viable IS AN
producer ownedINTERNAL
FPOs. RATE OF RETURN? operations
would be accepted.
for various Forcrops.
example, if the required rate of
An internal rate of return calculation allows you to return is 12% then the IRR has to be equal to or more
determine the interest rate that a business will earn than 12% for consideration.
on the original amount of capital invested and the
expected future cash inflows. In other words it provides 4.5.9 CASH FLOW STATEMENT
the discount rate that a business produces rather than Cash flow statements show cash inflow and outflow over
applying a discount rate determined from outside the a period of time and are used for internal planning. If
business. It is calculated by equating the present value it is an established business, worksheets can be put
of expected cash outflows with the present value of together from the actual figures of income and expenses
expected inflows. 5.7 DAC
of previous
will work
years
withcombined
Ministry ofwithCorporate
projected
Affairs
changes
and for
other
the next
stakeholders
period. If to
it isfurther
a newclarify
venture,
and one
strengthen
will have to
Mathematically it may be represented as: provisions
project the offinancial
the lawrequirements
relating to the
andregistration,
disbursements.
management
The profit at the andend
regulation
of the year
of FPOs
willwith
depend
a viewon the
same.
A0 = A1/(1 + R/100)1 + A2/(1 + R/100)2 + A3/(1 + proper
to balance
fostering between
fast paced cash
growth inflow and outflow.
of FPOs.
R/100)3 + …….. + An/(1 + R/100)n
6. ROLE OF STATE
The cash GOVERNMENT
flow statement INSTITUTIONS IN
identifies
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
Where A0 is the initial investment and A1, A2, A3, …., SUPPORTING
¸ When cash FPOS
is expected to be received?
A n are the cash
5.1 Department flows expected
of Agriculture in 1, 2, 3, and
and Cooperation nth year
(DAC), ¸ How much cash will be received?
Ministry
respectively
of Agriculture,
and R is theGovt.
rate orofInternal
India will
Rateactof as
Return. ¸ When cash must be spent to pay bills and debts?
the
Thenodal
Internal
agency
Rate of
forReturn
the development
– IRR – requires
and growth
a computer ¸ How much cash will be needed to pay expenses?
of
forFPOs.
calculation.
It also allows the manager to identify the source of
On computer MS Excel programme necessary cash, i.e., will it come from sales and services
Enter cash flows in cells rendered or should it be borrowed? One has to make
Open f* 6.1.1 By the
sure that declaring FPOs take
projections at parinto
with cooperatives
account receivables
Choose Financial and how registered
long it will
under
takethe
therelevant
customersStatetolegislation
pay. The cash
Choose IRR flow statement
and self-help
deals only
groups/federations
with actual cash transactions
for all
“OK” and notbenefits
with depreciation
and facilitiesor other
that are
non-cash
extendedexpense
Highlight values from Year 0 to Year n items. to member-owned institutions from time
“OK” to time.
A cash flow statement can be prepared for any period of
In our example of PC-A’s expected cash inflows from time. It should be prepared on a monthly basis for the
the three strategies, the IRR as calculated with the help next year and revised not less than quarterly to reflect
of computer is as follows: actual performance in the preceding three months of
operations.
TABLE
5.3 The 12: CALCULATION
mandate OF IRR Development
of National Cooperative
Corporation
Strategy (NCDC) will be expanded to include IRR PREPARING CASH FLOW STATEMENT
FPOs in the
Strategy A list of eligible institutions which receive
7.74% 6.1.3
The vertical
By using
columns
FPOsof as
a cash
producers
flow statement
of certified
represent
support under
Strategy B the various programmes of the
9.29% the twelve
seed, months,
saplings andpreceded
other planting
by a totalmaterial
column.
Corporation.
Strategy C 8.73% Horizontal
and rows
extending
on theproduction
statementand contain
marketing
figures for
the sources
subsidies
of cash
on parandwith
cash
cooperatives.
to be paid out copied
from the two previous worksheets and from individual
of
What
eligible
do these
institutions
values which
mean?act
Oron
what
its behalf
should to
be the 6.1.4 By suitable amendments in the APMC Act
budgets.
undertake
acceptanceprice support purchase operations.
criteria? to allow direct sale of farm produce by
5.5 DAC will work with Food Corporation of India (FCI) The figures are projected for each month, reflecting the
Here PC-A will have to compare the IRR from the three procurement and marketing centres and for
and State Governments to encourage them to flow of cash in and out of the business for a one-year
strategies with the required rate of return. If the IRR is facilitating contract farming arrangements
include FPOs as procurement agencies under period. Begin with the first month of the business cycle
more than the required rate of return, then the proposal between FPOs and bulk buyers.
the Minimum Support Price (MSP) procurement and proceed as follows:
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
4-5-8 vkarfjd çfrQy nj D;k gS\ fd;k tk,xkA4-2mnkgj.k,Qihvksds dsfy,] lao/kZ;fn
u dsçfrQy fy, foLr` dhr vis fn'kkfuns
f{kr nj 'Z k] bl uhfr ds
vkarfjd çfrQy nj dh x.kuk ls vki C;kt nj dk fu/kkZj.k 12 çfr'kr gS] rks lkFkvkbZvlakjvkj
yXu gS12 ,a ftles
çfr'kr a laldsk/kucjkcj laLFkkvks
;k a blls
ds p;u dh fof/k]
djus esa leFkZ gksrs gSa] tks dksbZ dkjksckj fuos'k dh xbZ iwath dh vf/kd gksuk pkfg,ActV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
ewyjkf'k ij vftZr djsxk rFkk blls vki ;g Hkh fu/kkZfjr dj ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu esa 'kkfey dsæa ljdkj ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh
ik,axs fd visf{kr Hkkoh udn var% çokg fdruk gksxkA nwljs 'kCnksas 4-5-9 udn çokglaLFkkvks fooj.ka dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
esa] ;g NwV nj çnku djrh gS tks dksbZ dkjksckj mRiUu djrk udn çokg fooj.k ,d esa ,Qihvks
fuf'pr dsvof/k fuekZes.ka udn
ds lius variZdksoz kglkdkj djusoz kgds fy, foLr`r
,oa cfgiZ
gS] u fd ;g dkjksckj ds ckgj ls fu/kkZfjr NwV nj dk ç;ksx dks n'kkZrk gS rFkk bldk ç;ksx vkarfjd vk;kstuk ds fy,h;fd;k
lM+ d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæ
a ;kstuk ds rgr
djrh gSA visf{kr var% çokg ds orZeku ewY; ds lkFk visf{kr tkrk gSA ;fn ;g fuf/k;ks a dk ç;ksO;olk;
dksbZ LFkkfir x ,Qihvksgks]dsrkslaovxyh/kZu ds vof/k
fy, fd;k ds tk jgk gksA
udn cfgiZzokg ds orZeku ewY; dh cjkcjh djds bldh x.kuk fy, visf{kr ifjorZuksa ds la;kstu esa fiNys o"kksZa ds vk; ,oa O;; dsctV ls fuf/k;ksa
rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjs a blds fy, jkT; ds
dh tkrh gSA okLrfod vkadM+kas ls dkdk;Zç;ksx djçLrq
&i=d jghrgS]a dhrks tkos ,Qihvks
ldrh gSdhA ;fn lgk;rk;g ds fy, vius
dksbZ u;k m|e gks] rks gesa foÙkh; vko';drkvksa ,oa forj.k dks n'kkZfy,
Lo;a ds Lora
= fn'kkfuns '
Z k fodflr djus ds uk Lora= gSAa
xf.krh; –f"V ls bls fuEukuqlkj çLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gS% gksrk gSA o"kZ ds var esa ykHk udn var% çokg ,oa cfgiZoz kg ds chp
leqfpr laryq 5- ,Qihvksgksrdh
u ij vk/kkfjr k gSAlgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
,0 ¾ ,1@¼1$vkj@100½1$,2@¼1$vkj@100½2$,3@¼1$
vkj@100½3$--------$+,,u@¼1$vkj@100½,u udn
çokg fooj.k fuEufyf[kr dh igpku djrk gS %
◊
udn dh 5-1çkfIr—f"kgksu,oa
s dh lgdkfjrk
mEehn dc foHkkx dh tk (¼Mh,lh½
ldrh gS\ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
tgka ,0 vkjafHkd fuos'k gS rFkk tgka] ,1],2],3] --------,,u 1] 2] ◊
fdruk udn ljdkj çkIr gksx,Qihvks
k\ ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
3 avkSj ,,u o"kZ esa Øekuqlkj visf{kr udn çokg gaS vkSj vkj ◊ fcyksa ,oa _.kksa dk Hkqxrku djus xdskAfy, udn dks dc [kpZ
ds :i es a dke djs
nj ;k vkarfjd çfrQy nj gSA djuk pkfg,\ 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
vkarfjd çfrQy nj vkbZvkjvkj dh x.kuk ds fy, daI;wVj dh ◊ [kpks Z a ds Hkqxrku,oadslgdfjrk
fy, fdrusfoHkkx udn dh ds vat:jr rxZr gks,d xh\ laLFkk gS] rduhdh
t:jr gksrh gSA lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
;g çca/kd dks vko';d çca/ku dsudn ds jlzfuos
fy, vkS ksr 'dhk çkSnigpku
~;ksfxdhdjus esa a ls laca/k
,oa cktkjks
daI;wVj ,e,l ,Dl,y çksxzke ij Hkh leFkZ cukrk gS vFkkZ r D;k ;g çnÙk
LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke fcØh vkS j ls o kvks a djus ds
udn çokg dks lsYl esa çfo"V djsa ls vk,xk];k bls m/kkj fy, —f"k ds :i ,oa eslgdkfjrk
a fy;k tk,xk\ foHkkx bl ckr dk laLFkk gksxhA
dh fpfUgr
,Q* [kksysa lq f u'p; djuk iM+ r k gS fd vuq e ku ds
,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk rgr çkI; /kujkf'k
,Qihks ds lao/kZu
foÙkh; pqusa dk /;ku j[kk tk, rFkk bl ckr dk Hkh /;ku
,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq j[kk tk, fd¡eq[kh lgk;rk
vkbZvkjvkj pqusa Hkqxrku djus esa xzçnku kgd dks djsxfdrukkA fo'ksle;
"k :iyxslsx]kA,l,Q,lh udn çokg,Qihvks rFkk
^vksds* fooj.k ds o y udn ds okLrfod ys u ns u ls
futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] la c a f /kr gksrk gSvkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
o"kZ 0 ls o"kZ n rd ds ewY;ksa dks mHkkjs rFkk bldk laca/k ewçkSYn;~;ksºzfxdh kl ;kçnkrkvks
udn a]O;; foLrkj ls fHkUu
,oa vuq vU; enkslaa LFkkvksa rFkk
la/kku
^vksds * ls ugha gks r k gS A foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
ihlh & , dh rhu Jsf.k;ksa ls visf{kr udn çokg ds gekjs fdlh Hkh le;kof/k ds fy, udn çokg fooj.k rS;kj fd;k tk
ldrk gS
A bls5-3vxysjk"Vªlky h; dslgdkfjrk
fy, ekfld fodkl vk/kkjfuxeij rSds;kjfofHkUudjuk dk;ZØeksa ds
mnkgj.k esa daI;wVj dh lgk;rk ls ifjxf.kr vkbZvkjvkj
fuEukuqlkj gS % pkfg, rFkk fiNys varhu rxZeghuks
r lgk;rk çkIr djus
a ds çpkyuks ds fy, ik=
a ds okLrfod laLFkkvksa dh lwph
fu"iknu
dks n'kkZus ds fy, vf/kd ls vf/kd frekgh vk/kkj ij bls la'kksf/krh; lgHkkfxrk
djuk pkfg,A fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
lkj.kh 12 % vkbZvkjvkj dh x.kuk tk,xkA
j.kuhfr vkbZ vkj vkj
udn çokg5-4fooj.k
usQsM rS¼,u,,QbMh½
;kj djuk ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
j.kuhfr & d 7-74 izfr'kr udn çokg fooj.kdksds'kkfey Å/kZok/kj djusends 12fy,eghuksdnea dksmBk,xkn'kkZrs tksgSa] ewY; leFkZu
j.kuhfr & [k 9-29 izfr'kr la c a / kh [kjhnnkjh
ftuds igys ;ksx dk en gksrk gSA udn çokg fooj.k dk dk;Z djus ds fy, dh mldh vksj ls
j.kuhfr & x 8-73 izfr'kr leLrjh; iafä;ksa esdke a udndjrsds gSlzaAksrksa rFkk Hkqxrku fd, tkus okys
udn ds vkad5-5M+s gksr—f"k
s gSa ,oaftUgslgdkfjrk
a O;fäxrfoHkkxctV Hkkjrh;
ls rFkk [kk| fiNyhfuxe nks ¼,QlhvkbZ½
bu ewY;ksa dk eryc D;k gS\ vFkok Lohdkj djus dh dlkSVh dk;Z i=d ls udyvkSfd;k tkrk gS A
j jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
D;k gksuh pkfg,\ fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
çR;sd ekg ds fy,ijvkad[kjhnnkjh M+s n'kkZ, dh tkrsdkjZ
gSa otks
kb;ks,d
a dso"kZvardh
xZrvof/k
[kjhn ,oa olwyh
;gka ihlh&, dks çfrQy dh visf{kr nj ds lkFk rhu j.kuhfr;ksa ds fy, O;olk; dslaLvaFkkvks nj a vkus okys ,oa ckgj tkus okys udn
sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
ls vkbZ vkj vkj dh rqyuk djuh gksxhA ;fn vkbZvkjvkj dks n'kkZrk gSA dkjksçksckjRlkfgrpØ dsfd;k igystkeghus
ldsAls 'kq:vkr djsa rFkk
çfrQy dh visf{kr nj ls vf/kd gksrk gS] rks çLrko dks Lohdkj fuEukuqlkj vkxs c<+rs tk,a %
¸ Project the beginning cash balance. Enter under
the first month of the business cycle.
NATIONAL POLICY
¸ Project the cash receipts for the first month. FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
¸ Add beginning cash balance and cash receipts to
determine total cash available.
¸ Project the direct, indirect and interest expenses
for the first month.
PREAMBLE
¸ Project money due on taxes, long-term assets and Collectivization of producers, especially small and
loan repayments. Also project any amounts to be marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
drawn by owners
¸ Total all expenses and draws. This is the total cash
paid out. to address the many challenges of agriculture but
¸ Subtract total cash paid out from total cash available. most importantly, improved access to investments,
Enter the result under cash balance/deficiency. If technology and inputs and markets. Department of 2.4
the result is negative, be sure to bracket this figure. Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture,
¸ Project loans to be received and equity deposits Govt. of India has identified farmer producer
to be made. Add to cash balance/deficiency to get organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
ending cash balance
¸ Carry forward the ending cash balance for January
as February’s beginning cash balance. institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
¸ Repeat the process through the last month of the and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3.
business cycle. production and marketing strength.
3.1
To complete the total column, proceed as follows: This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
¸ Enter the beginning cash balance for the first month and guide to Central and State Government agencies
in the first space of the total column.
¸ Add the monthly figures for each category
horizontally and enter the result in the corresponding Organisations, especially producer companies and
total category. link them to benefits under various programmes and
3.2
Compute the total column in the same manner as each
of the individual months. If you have been accurate 1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable
in your computations, the December ending cash agriculture sector by promoting and supporting
balance will be exactly the same as the total ending member-owned Producer Organisations, that
cash balance. enable farmers to enhance productivity through
4.
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

◊ 'kq:vkrh udn 'ks"k dks n'kkZ,aA dkjksckj pØ ds igys
eghus ds rgr bls MkysaA
◊ igys eghus ds fy, udn çkfIr n'kkZ,aA
◊ miyC/k dqy udn dk fu/kkZj.k djus ds fy, 'kq:vkrh
udn 'ks"k rFkk udn çkfIr dks tksM+saA
◊ igys eghus ds fy, çR;{k] vçR;{k rFkk C;kt O;; dks
n'kkZ,aA
◊ djksa] nh?kZ vof/k dh ifjlaifÙk;ksa rFkk _.kksa dh vnk;xh
ij ns; /kujkf'k dks n'kkZ,aA LodfeZ;ksa ls yh tkus okyh
fdlh jkf'k dks Hkh n'kkZ,aA
◊ lHkh O;; ,oa vkgj.k dk ;ksx rS;kj djsaA ;g Hkqxrku
fd;k tkus okyk dqy udn gSA
◊ dqy miyC/k udn ls dqy laÙkr udn dks ?kVk,aA
udn 'ks"k@deh ds rgr ifj.kke ntZ djsaA ;fn ifj.kke
udkjkRed gks] rks bl vkadM+s dks dks"Bd esa Mkyuk u HkwysaA
◊ çkIr gksus okys _.kksa rFkk tek dh tkus okyh mfpr jkf’k
dks n'kkZ,aA vafre udn 'ks"k çkIr djus ds fy, udn
'ks"k@deh esa bls tksM+saA
◊ tuojh ds fy, vafre udn 'ks"k dks Qjojh ds vkjafHkd
udn 'ks"k ds :i esa vxzuhr djsaA
◊ djksckj pØ ds vkf[kjh eghus rd bl çfØ;k dks nksgjk,aA
;ksx ds en dks Hkjus ds fy,] fuEukuqlkj vkxs c<+sa%

◊ ;ksx ds en esa igys LFkku esa igys eghus ds fy, vkjafHkd
udn 'ks"k dks MkysaA
◊ leLrjh; :i ls çR;sd Js.kh ds fy, ekfld vkadM+ksa dks
tksM+sa vkSj rnuq:ih ;ksx dh Js.kh esa ifj.kke ntZ djsaA
ftl rjg ls çR;sd eghus ds lanHkZ esa djrs gSa mlh rjg ls ;ksx
ds en dh x.kuk djsaA ;fn vkidh x.kuk lgh gksxh] rks fnlacj
dk vafre udn 'ks"k fcYdqy ogh gksxk tks dqy vafre 'ks"k gksxkA
Hkkx rhu

77
viable producer
An example owned
of cash flowFPOs.
statement is given below. operations for various crops.
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
and
Nameregistration
of business processes are annexed to this Policy.
& PC:_______________________________ short and medium
Projected/Actual term credit for working capital
Date:__________________
and provide a detailed roadmap Jan toFeb
achieve
Mar theApr achieve
May Jun 100%Jul financial
Aug inclusion
Sep Oct forNov
members
Dec ofTotal
vision
First of of building FPOs, especially if funds under
Month FPOs and link them to Kisan Credit Cards.
Central
Beginning schemes
cash sales are being used to promote FPOs.
However,
CASH IN State Governments are free to develop
their
Cashownsales independent guidelines to support FPOs
ifA/R
they are using. State budgetary funds for the
collections
same.
Interest income
Sale of fixed assets
5. ROLE
Loans OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
received
INOther
SUPPORTING
cash sources FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
TOTAL CASH IN
CASH OUT formation of FPOs on a large scale through Centrally-
Inventory & raw mat. sponsored and State-financed programmes and
of FPOs.
Salaries & wages schemes, DAC suggests the following steps to
5.2 Small
GeneralFarmers’
supplies Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC), be taken by State Governments to support and
aRepSociety under DAC, will be the designated
& maintenance strengthen FPOs:
agency
Travel of DAC to act as a single-window for
Shipping & delivery
knowledge
Legal & account.management
Fees and to create linkages
toTelephone,
investments,
rent technology and markets. SFAC will
provide
Utilities all- round support to State Governments,
FPOs
Interestand other entities engaged in promotion and
charges
to time.
development
Taxes of FPOs. In particular, SFAC will create
sustainable
Other operatinglinkages
expenditurebetween FPOs and inputs 6.1.2 By making provisions for easy issue of
suppliers,
Loan repaymentstechnology providers, extension and licenses to FPOs to trade in inputs (seed,
research
Fixed assetagencies
payments and marketing and processing fertilizer, farm machinery, pesticides etc.)
players, both in the public and private sectors.
Capital expenditures for use of their members as well as routing
TOTAL CASH OUT the supply of agricultural inputs through
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total
End of Month
CASH FLOW
CASH Balance
5.4 NAFED
Operating will
datatake steps to include FPOs in the list
ofSales
eligible
volumeinstitutions which act on its behalf to 6.1.4 By suitable amendments in the APMC Act
undertake price support purchase operations.
Accounts receivables to allow direct sale of farm produce by
Bad debts FPOs at the farmgate, through FPO owned
Inventory on hand procurement and marketing centres and for
Accounts payable facilitating contract farming arrangements
Depreciation between FPOs and bulk buyers.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
udn çokg fooj.k dk ,d mnkgj.k uhps fn;k x;k gS % 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
udn çokg fooj.k ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
dkjksckj ,oa mRiknd daiuh dk uke ------------------------------ çLrkfor@okLrfod frfFk ---------------------
fooj.k
tuojh Qjojh ekpZ vçSy ebZ twu tqykbZ vxLr flracj vDVwcj uoacj fnlacj dqy
eghus dh igyh rkjh[k
vkjafHkd udn fcØh
gkFk esa udn dk ç;ksx dj jgh gS]a rks os ,Qihvks dh lgk;rk ds fy, vius
udn fcØh Lo;a ds Lora= fn'kkfuns'Z k fodflr djus ds fy, Lora= gSAa
,@vkj dysD'ku
C;kt vk;
vpy ifjlaifRr;ksa dh fcØh
çkIr _.k
udn ds vU; lzksr 5-1 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx (¼Mh,lh½ —f"k ea=ky;] Hkkjr
gkFk esa dqy udn ljdkj ,Qihvks ds fodkl ,oa çxfr ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
Ckkgj tkus okyk udn ds :i esa dke djsxkA
oLrqlwph rFkk dPpk eky 5-2 y?kq —"kd —f"k O;olk; ifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
osru ,oa etnwjh ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
lkekU; vkiwfrZ;ka lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
ejEer ,oa vuqj{k.k çca/ku ds fy, vkSj fuos'k çkSn~;ksfxdh ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
;k=k LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
ukSçs”k.k ,oa fMyhojh fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
dkuquh ,oa ys[kk 'kqYd ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
VsyhQksu] fdjk;k ,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
;wfVfyVh çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
C;kt çHkkj futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
dj çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
vU; çpkyu O;; foi.ku ,oa çlaLdj.k dk;ZdrkZvksa ds chp lrr laidksaZ
_.k dh vnk;xh rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
vpy laifRr;ksa ds fy, Hkqxrku
iawth O;;
Ckkgj tkus okyk dqy udn
fooj.k tuojh Qjojh ekpZ vçSy ebZ twu tqykbZ vxLr
tk,xkAflracj vDVwcj uoacj fnlacj Dqy
eghus dh vkf[kjh
rkjh[k 5-4 usQsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
udn çokg dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
udn ‘ks”k laca/kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
çpkyu MkVk dke djrs gSaA
fcØh dh ek=k 5-5 —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
çkI; ys[kk vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
[kjkc _.k fofHkUu Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
gkFk esa oLrqlwph ij [kjhnnkjh dh dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
lans; ys[kk laLFkkvksa sa ds :i esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
ewY; ºzkl çksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldsA
4.5.10 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
After having learnt all these concepts, how can we
NATIONAL POLICY
amounts divided by the sum of all the debt service
evaluate the performance of PC-A’s business? One FOR
payments) andTHE PROMOTION
examine OFratios
the coverage FARMER
of eachPRODUCER
of the measurements of the financial condition and year. We should then focus on the years when the debt
performance of a business venture is a ratio or index, service coverage is the lowest as well as the average
which relates two pieces of financial data from the
business. There are several indices which can be used,
DSCR. PREAMBLE
here we would be discussing only two of the most Why is the debt service coverage
Collectivization ratio important
of producers, especiallyandsmall and
commonly used ones, namely, acid test ratio and debt how aremarginal
they used? farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
service ratio. DSCR is important because they tell a lender what
excess funds exists in the event revenues or expenses
Acid test ratio are less toor address the many
greater than estimatedchallenges of agriculture
in a project. Most but
Acid test ratio or Quick ratio is the measure of the ability most aimportantly,
lenders have specific cut-offimproved access
ratio that must tobeinvestments,
met
of the firm to be able to meet short-term obligations. technology and inputs and markets.
for both average and lowest year debt service coverage. Department of 2.4
This is a ratio of the current assets of the firm to its If a business cannot and
Agriculture meetCooperation,
these tests then the options
current liabilities. The current assets include cash and with the Govt.
borrowerof could
India be: has identified farmer producer
bank balance, short-term marketable securities and organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
debtors/receivables. It may be noted that the inventories Lowering the amount to be borrowed (and increasing
already lying with the firm are not included in the current the amount of equity that needs to be put in a project).
assets. This ratio is the best available measures of the Setting upinstitutional
reserves or form around
credit which totomobilize
agreements pay the farmers
liquidity position of a firm. Usually an acid test ratio shortfall and buildintheir
amount capacityyear.
the specific to collectively leverage their
3.
of 1:1 is considered satisfactory as a firm can quickly production and marketing strength.
meet all its current or short-term liabilities. Essentially debt service coverage calculations determine 3.1
how much Thisdebt a project
policy document canisafford.
meantCombined
to serve aswith
a reference
Debt service coverage IRR, theseand
twoguide
tools to
assist the entrepreneur to determine
Central and State Government agencies
While acid test ratio is a measure of the ability of a the business viability.
firm to pay off its current liabilities, the Debt Service
coverage ratio is a measure of the firm’s ability to meet Organisations,
4.6 WRITING A BUSINESS especially
PLAN producer companies and
long-term obligations. This ratio is expressed as the Now thatlink themcompleted
we have to benefits ourunder various
marketing andprogrammes
financial and
3.2
amount a project pays (or proposes to pay) each year plans, weschemes
are now of the to
ready Central andtheState
write out Governments.
business plan.
PART THREE
for principal and interest on the debt/loan; that is, the
amount of debt service to be paid when compared with 4.6.1 WHAT 1. ISVISION:
A BUSINESS
To buildPLAN?
a prosperous and sustainable
the funds available to pay that debt service. The business agriculture
plan is a succinct
sectordocument
by promoting
that specifies
and supporting
the components
member-owned
of a strategy Producer
with regard
Organisations,
to the that
If PC-A’s income is ` 100,000 and its operating expenses business mission,
enableexternal
farmersand to internal
enhanceenvironments
productivity through
are ` 50,000 it has ` 50,000 available to pay principal and problemsefficient, cost-effective
identified and sustainable
in earlier analysis. resource use
A business
4.
and interest on loans (debt service). If the PC borrows plan is not written
and realize
each time
higher
a modification
returns for their
to aproduce,
strategy through
` 1,50,000 for 10 years at 16% interest with equal is made. It should collective
be written
actionwhensupported
you develop government, 4.1
by thea new
payments every year, its obligation is ` 31,035. When venture or launchand fruitful
a majorcollaboration withThe
new initiative. academia,
businessresearch
compared to the ` 50,000 available for debt service plan serves severalagencies, civil society
important purposes:and the private sector.
the project has what is called a 1.6 times debt service
2. determine
coverage or debt service coverage ratio or DSCR (arrived ¸ It helps MISSION the viability of the venture in a
at by dividing ` 50,000 by ` 31,035). designated markets.
¸ It provides guidance to the entrepreneur in
In real life however, the projects do not have such organising his or her planning activities.
(FPOs)
uniform debt service coverage calculations. For this ¸ It serves as an important tool in helping to obtain
reason we must look at what is called Average Debt 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
financing/funding.
Service Coverage (the sum of all the year’s available by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions

4-5-10 laosnu'khyrk fo'ys"k.k ftls _.k lsok ds lHkh Hkqxrkuksa dh jkf'k ls foHkkftr fd;k
ladYiukvksa dks lh[k ysus ds ckn ge ihlh&, ds dkjksckj ds tkrk gS½ dgk tkrk gS rFkk gj lky ds O;kfIr vuqikr dh
fu"iknu dk ewY;kadu dSls dj ldrs gSa\ fdlh dkjksckj dh tkap djuh pkfg,A blds ckn gesa ,sls o"kksaZ ij dsUnz fcanqdjuk
foÙkh; fLFkfr rFkk fu"iknu dks ekius ds vusd rjhdksa esa ls ,d pkfg, ftuesa _.k lsok O;kfIr lcls de gks rFkk Mh,llhvkj
vuqikr ;k lwph gS tks dkjksckj ds foÙkh; MsVk ds nks [kaMksa ls vkSlr gksA
lacaf/kr gksrk gSA ,sls vusd lwpdkad gSa ftudk ç;ksx fd;k tk
ldrk gSA ;gka ge dsoy nks lwpdkad ij ppkZ djsaxs ftudk
lcls vf/kd ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] vFkkZr dlkSVh vuqikr rFkk _.k lsok O;kfIr vuqikr egRoi.kZ D;ksa gS rFkk bldk ç;ksx
_.k lsok vuqikr dSls fd;k tkrk gS\
Mh,llh vkj egRoiw.kZ gS D;ksfa d ;g _.knkrk dks crkrk gS fd
dlkSVh vuqikr ;fn jktLo ;k O;; mlls de ;k vf/kd gks ftruk ifj;kstuk
dlkSVh vuqikr ;k Rofjr vuqikr vYi vof/k dh ns;rkvksa dks esa vuqeku yxk;k x;k gS] rks fdruk vfrfjä /ku ekStnw gSA
iwjk djus esa QeZ ds lkeFkZ~; dks ekius dk vuqikr gSA ;g QeZ vf/kdka'k _.knkrkvksa ds ikl ,d fof'k"V dVv‚Q vuqikr gksrk
dh orZeku ns;rkvksa dh rqyuk esa mldh orZeku ifjlaifÙk;ksa dk gS ftldk ikyu vkSlr ,oa lcls de o"kZ ds _.k lsok vuqikr
vuqikr gSA orZeku ifjlaifÙk;ksa esa udn ,oa cSad cSysal] foi.ku nksuksa ds fy, fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ;fn dksbZ dkjksckj bu dlkSfV;ksa
ds ;ksX; vYikof/kd çfrHkwfr;ka rFkk _.knkrk@çkI; /kujkf'k;ka dks iwjk ugha dj ldrk gS] rks _.kxzkgh ds ikl fuEufyf[kr
'kkfey gksrh gSaA mYyss[kuh; gS fd tks oLrqlwph QeZ ds lkFk fodYi gks ldrk gS %
igys ls gksrh gS mls orZeku ifjlaifÙk;ksa esa 'kkfey ugha fd;k
m/kkj yh tkus okyh jkf'k dks de djuk ¼vkSj U;k; laxr jkf'k
tkrk gSA ;g vuqikr fdlh QeZ dh rjyrk dh fLFkfr dks ekius
c<+kuk ftls ifj;kstuk esa j[kus dh t:jr gksrh gS½ vFkok
ds fy, loksZRre miyC/k vuqikr gSA lkekU; rkSj ij 1%1 ds
fof'k"V o"kZ esa U;wre jkf'k ds Hkqxrku ds fy, cpr LFkkfir djuk
dlkSVh vuqikr dks larks"kçn ekuk tkrk gS D;ksafd QeZ viuh
;k _.k djkj djukA
lHkh orZeku ;k vYi vof/k dh ns;rkvksa dks tYnh ls iwjh dj
ldrh gSA _.k lsok O;kfIr dh x.kuk vko’;d :i ls fu/kkZfjr djrh gS fd
dksbZ ifj;kstuk fdruk _.k cnkZ'o dj ldrh gSA vkbZvkjvkj
_.k lfoZl O;kfIr ds lkFk feydj ;s nks vkStkj dkjksckj dh O;ogk;Zrk dk fu/kkZj.k
dlkSVh vuqikr viuh orZeku ns;rkvksa dk Hkqxrku djus dh fdlh djus esa m|eh dh lgk;rk djrs gSaA
QeZ ds lkeF;Z dks ekius dk vuqikr gS] tcfd _.k lsokO;kfIr nh?kZ
vof/k dh ns;rkvksa dks iwjk djus lac/a kh QeZ dslkeF;Z dks ekius dk
vuqikr gSA bl vuqikr dks ,slh jkf'k ds :i esa O;ä fd;k tkrk 4-6 dkjksckj ;kstuk fy[kuk
gS ftldk Hkqxrku dksbZ ifj;kstuk gj lky _.k@m/kkj ij ewy/ku vc pwafd ge viuh foi.ku ,oa foÙkh; ;kstukvksa dks iwjk dj
Hkkx rhu
,oa C;kt ds fy, djrh gS ¼;k Hkqxrku djus dk çLrko djrh gS½ pqds gSa] blfy, vc ge dkjksckj ;kstuk fy[kus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA
;k vFkkZr ;g ml _.k lsok dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy, miyC/k
fuf/k;ksa ds lkFk rqyuk djrs le; Hkqxrku fd, tkus okys _.k lsok 4-6-1 dkjksckj ;kstuk D;k gksrh gS\
dh jkf'k gSA dkjksckj ;kstuk ,d lkjxfHkZr nLrkost gksrk gS tks dkjksckj ds
fe'ku] vkarfjd ,oa cká ifjos'k rFkk fiNys fo'ys"k.k esa igpku
;fn ihlh&, dh vk; 1]00]000 #i, gS rFkk mldk çpkyu O;; dh xbZ leL;kvksa ds laca/k esa j.kuhfr ds ?kVdksa dks fufnZf"V
50]000 #i, gS] rks ewy/ku ,oa _.k ij C;kt ¼_.k lsok½ ds djrk gSA dksbZ t:jh ugha gS fd j.kuhfr esa gj ckj la'kks/ku
Hkqxrku ds fy, mlds ikl 50]000 #i, miyC/k gSAa ;fn mRiknd gksus ds lkFk dkjksckj ;kstuk fy[kh tk,A bls rc fy[kuk pkfg,
daiuh 16 çfr'kr ds C;kt ij 10 lky ds fy, gj lky leku tc vki dksbZ u;k m|e fodflr djsa ;k dksbZ cM+h ubZ igy
Hkqxrku ds vk/kkj ij 1]50]000 #i, m/kkj ysrh gS] rks mldh ns;rk 'kq: djsaA dkjksckj ;kstuk ls vusd egRoiw.kZ ç;kstu iwjs gksrs
31]035 #i, gSA _.k lsok ds fy, miyC/k 50]000 #i, ls rqyuk gSa tSls fd %
djus ij ifj;kstuk ds ikl og gS ftls 1-6 xquk _.k lsok O;kfIr
;k _.k lsok O;kfIr vuqikr ;k Mh,llhvkj dgk tkrk gS ¼ftls ◊ ;g fu/kkZfjr cktkjksa esa m|e dh O;ogk;Zrk dk fu/kkZj.k
50]000 #i, esa ls 31]035 #i, ls Hkkx nsdj rS;kj fd;k x;k gS½A djus esa lgk;rk djrh gSA
◊ ;g ;kstuk dh xfrfof/k;ksa ds vk;kstu esa m|eh dk
rFkkfi thou esa] ifj;kstukvksa dh ,slh ,d leku _.k lsok ekxZn'kZu djrh gSA
O;kfIr x.kuk,a ugha gksrh gSaA bl otg ls gesa mls ns[kuk pkfg, ◊ foÙk iks"k.k@fuf/k çkIr djus esa ;g ,d egRoiw.kZ lk/ku ds
ftls vkSlr _.k lsok O;kfIr ¼iwjs o"kZ ds nkSjku miyC/k jkf'k :i esa dke djrh gSA

79
viable producerbusiness
A well-written owned FPOs.plan also will provide broad operations
The text of for various crops.
a business plan must be concise and yet
parameters upon which progress toward goals can be must contain as much information as possible. This
assessed and control decisions made at a later time. sounds like a contradiction, but you can solve this
dilemma by using the Key Word approach. Write the
4.6.2 WHAT ARE THE ELEMENTS OF A BUSINESS PLAN? following key words on a card and keep it in front of
Introduction & Executive Summary: A typical business you while writing:
plan begins with a brief introduction followed by an
executive summary. The executive summary is prepared Who/What/Where/When/Why/How/How Much
after the total plan has been written. Its purpose is to
communicate the plan in a convincing way to important 5.7 DAC
Answerwill work
all these
with Ministry
questions of Corporate
(asked by Affairs
the keyandwords)
audiences, such as potential investors, so they will other
in onestakeholders
paragraph to at further
the beginning
clarify and
of each
strengthen
section of
read further. provisions
the business of plan.
the lawThenrelating
expand to on
thethat
registration,
statement by
management
telling more aboutand regulation
each item of in FPOs withthat
the text a view
follows.
same.
Industry Analysis: An industry analysis usually follows to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
the executive summary. This section communicates key There is no set length to a business plan. The average
information – the collection of which was discussed 6. ROLE
lengthOFseems
STATEtoGOVERNMENT
be 30 to 40 INSTITUTIONS
pages, including IN the
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
earlier – that puts the venture or plan into the proper SUPPORTING FPOS
supporting documents section. Break the plan down
5.1 Department
context. of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), into sections. It takes discipline, time and privacy to
Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India will act as write an effective business plan.
Marketing
the Plan: for
nodal agency Thethe
marketing
developmentplanand
is the
growth
first step
of
in FPOs.
developing any new strategy. It is developed within You will save time by compiling your list of supporting
the context of the PC’s goals and should be based on documents while writing the text. For example, while
a realistic assessment of the external environment, writing about the legal structure of your business, you
as discussed earlier. The marketing plan is written will realize the need to include a copy of your partnership
first because marketing decisions typically determine 6.1.1 By declaring
agreement. FPOs at paragreement
Write partnership with cooperatives
on your list of
resource needs in other areas. Obviously, a decision to supporting
registered
documents.
under theWhen
relevant
compiling
State legislation
that section
seek a large share of a market will require a significant of yourandplan,self-help
you will groups/federations
already have a list offor all
necessary
commitment of resources of various kinds. How you benefits
documents. and go
As you facilities that areany
along, request extended
information
choose to promote and distribute your product or service that to member-owned institutions from time
will have clear ramifications for your organizational, you dotonot time.
have, such as credit reports.
production, human resource and financial plans.
With the previous considerations in mind, you are
Financial Plan: The financial plan underpins this entire ready to begin formulating your plan. Read through
system of plans. Three financial areas are generally this entire publication to get an overall view of the
discussed. business planning process.
¸ Financing
Corporation patternwill be expanded to include
(NCDC) 4.6.4 SUGGESTED OUTLINE OF A BUSINESS PLAN
¸ Cash
FPOs in theflow statement
list of eligible institutions which receive I. Cover
6.1.3 BySheet
using FPOs as producers of certified
support
¸ Threeunder the various
year income programmes of the
statement Servesseed,
as thesaplings and
title page ofother plantingplan.
the business material
It should
Corporation. containand
theextending
following: production and marketing
Usually an appendix is included in a business plan. ¸ Name subsidies
of theon par withCompany.
Producer cooperatives.
This generally contains supporting information, ¸ Company address
documents and details that would interfere with clear ¸ Company phone number (include area code).
communication in the body of the plan. Examples of ¸ Logo (if any).
5.5 DAC will work
this type with Food Corporation
of information include priceof lists,
India economic
(FCI) ¸ Names, titles, addresses, phone numbers (include
and State demographic
forecasts, Governmentsdata to encourage
and marketthem to
analyses. area code) of CEO/Board of Directors.
include FPOs as procurement agencies under ¸ Month and year of the plan was issued.
4.6.3
the TIPS ONSupport
Minimum WRITING A BUSINESS
Price PLAN
(MSP) procurement ¸ Name of the person/organisation who prepared it.
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
vPNh rjg ls fy[kh xbZ dkjksckj ;kstuk foLr`r ekinaM Hkh 4-6-3 dkjks4-2
ckj ;ks,Qihvks ds lao/kZudsds fy,
tuk fy[kus fy, foLr`
lq>rkofn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
miyC/k djkrh gS ftuds vk/kkj ij vkxs pydj y{;ksa dh fn'kk dkjksckj ;kstuk dklkFk ikB lalayf{kIr
Xu gS,gks
a uftles a lalk/ku
s ds lkFk laLFkkvks
gh bles a dsHkop;u dh fof/k]
a ;Fkkla
esa çxfr dk ewY;kadu fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk fu;af=r fu.kZ; vf/kd ls vf/kd lwpuk,a gksuh pkfg,A ;g fojks/kkHkklh çrhr gksgSAa rkbudk mís';]
ctV ,oa ia
t hdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey
fy, tk ldrs gSaA gS ijarq vki ladrs ,Qihvks
'kCn –f"Vdks ds la.ok /kZdk
u esç;ks
a 'kkfey
x djds dsæa bl
ljdkj ,oa jkT;
nqfo/kk dks ljdkj dh
nwj dj ldrs gSAa fdlh dkMZ ij fuEufyf[kr ladrs 'kCnksa dks,slh ifjfLFkfr
la LFkkvks a dk ekxZ n 'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls
4-6-2 dkjksckj ;kstuk ds ?kVd D;k gSa\ fy[k ysa rFkk dkjksceskja ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.le;
;kstuk fy[krs k ds lius dks lkdkj
mls vius lkeusdjus j[ksa ds% fy, foLr`r
ifjp; rFkk dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k% fof'k"V dkjksckj ;kstuk dh lM+d ekufp= çnku djuk gS tc dsæa h; ;kstuk ds rgr
'kq:vkr laf{kIr ifjp; ls gksrh gS ftlds ckn ,d dk;Zdkjh dkSu@D;k@dgka@fuf/k;ks
dc@D;ks a dka@ç;ksdSxls@ ,Qihvks
fdrukds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
lkjka'k fn;k tkrk gSA dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k rc rS;kj fd;k tkrk rFkkfi] ;fn jkT; ljdkjsa blds fy, jkT; ds ctV ls fuf/k;ksa
gS tc iwjh ;kstuk fy[k yh tkrh gSA bldk mís'; egRoiw.kZ dkjksckj ;kstuk ds dk
çR;sç;ksd x[kaMdjdsjgh'kq:gS]avkr rks osesa,Qihvks
,d vuqdh PNsnlgk;rk
esa bu ds fy, vius
Jksrkvksa tSls fd laHkkfor fuos'kdksa dks çHkkoh <ax ls ;kstuk ds lHkh ç'uksa ¼ladsr Lo;a
'kCnksds a }kjkLora=iwfn'kkfuns
Ns x,½ 'Z ds mÙkj fy[ks
k fodflr djusaA dsblds fy, Lora= gSAa
ckjs esa crkuk gS rkfd os bls vkxs Hkh i<+saA ckn vkxs çR;sd er ds ckjs esa vf/kd tkudkjh çnku djrs gq,
ml fooj.k dk 5- foLrkj
,Qihvks djsaA dh lgk;rk djus esa dsaæ ljdkj dh
m|ksx dk fo'ys"k.k% lkekU; rkSj ij m|ksx dk fo'ys"k.k
dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k ds ckn çLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA bl [kaM esa djksckj ;kstuk dk ladksLbFkkvks
Z fu/kkZa fdh Hkwfedkugha gSA vkSlr vkdkj
jr vkdkj
egRoiw.kZ lwpuk nh tkrh gS& laxzg.k ftl ij igys ppkZ gks 30 ls 40 i`5-1"B dk—f"kgks ldrk
,oa lgdkfjrk gS] ftlesfoHkkx a leFkZ(¼Mh,lh½
d nLrkos—f"k t dkea=ky;] Hkkjr
pqdh gS& tks m|e ;k ;kstuk dks leqfpr lanHkZ esa çLrqr [kaM Hkh 'kkfey gSAljdkj
dkjksckj,Qihvks ;kstuk dsdksfodkl vusd ,oa [kaMçxfr
ksa esa foHkkftr
ds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
djrk gSA djsaA dkjxj dkjkscdskj ;ks
:itukesa fy[kus dke djsdsxkA fy, vuq'kklu] le; ,oa
futrk dh t:jr gksrh gSA
foi.ku dh ;kstuk% foi.ku ;kstuk dksbZ ubZ j.kuhfr fodflr ,oa lgdfjrk
djus dh fn'kk esa igyk dne gSA bls mRiknd daiuh ds dkjksckj ;kstuk fy[krs le; leFkZfoHkkx d nLrkos ds vatrksa xZdhr ,d viuhlaLlwFkkph gS] rduhdh
lgk;rk] çf'k{k.k
dks ladfyr djds vki le; dh cpr dj ldrs gSaA mnkgj.k la c a / kh vko';drkvks a] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
y{;ksa ds lanHkZ esa fodflr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk ;g cká
ifjos'k ds okLrfod ewY;kadu ij vk/kkfjr gksuh pkfg,] tSlk ds fy,] vius dkjksçcac/kjku dh ds fy, dkuwuvkSh jlafuos jpuk 'k çkSdsn~;ckjs ksfxdhesa ,oa cktkjksa ls laca/k
fy[krs
fd igys ppkZ dh xbZ gSA foi.ku ;kstuk dks igys fy[kk le; vkidks vius lk>snkjh djkj dh çfrfyfi 'kkfey djus dha dke djus ds
LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ks r ds :i es
t:jr eglwl gks ldrh fy, —f"k gSA leFkZ ,oa lgdkfjrk
d nLrkostfoHkkx ksa dh viuh dh fpfUgrlwph esa laLFkk gksxhA
tkrk gS D;ksafd foi.ku laca/kh fu.kZ; fof'k"V :i ls vU;
{ks=ksa esa lalk/ku laca/kh vko';drkvksa dk fu/kkZj.k djrs gSaA lk>snkjh djkj dks fy[ksaA viuh ;kstuk ds bl [kaM dk lad,Qihks
,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjks a ] ,Qihvks rFkk yu ds lao/kZu
Li'k"V :i ls cktkj esa cM+h fgLlsnkjh çkIr djus laca/kh djrs le; vkids ,oa ikl fodkligys lsesa gh'kkfey vko';d vU; nLrkos laLFkkatvksksaa dh
dks lwpgqp¡eh q[kh lgk;rk
fu.kZ; ds fy, fofHkUu çdkj ds lalk/kuksa dh Hkjiwj çfrc) gksxhA tSls&tSls vki vkxs c<+saxs] fdlh vU; lwpuk dk vuqjks/,Qihvks
çnku djs x kA fo'ks " k :i ls ] ,l,Q,lh k rFkk
futh ikl
dj ldrs gSa tks vkids ,oa lkoZ ughatgSfud ] tSlnkss fd uksa {ksØs=fMV
ksa dsfjiksvknku]
VZA vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
rk dh t:jr gksrh gSA vki vius mRikn ;k lsok dk lao/kZu çkSn~;ksfxdh çnkrkvksa] foLrkj ,oa vuqla/kku laLFkkvksa rFkk
,oa forj.k fdl rjg ls djuk pkgrs gSa & bldk vkids foi.ku ,oa çla
laxBu] mRiknu] ekuo lalk/ku ,oa foÙkh; ;kstukvksa ij fiNyh ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kdj vcLdj.k
vki viuh dk;Zddkjks rkZvksca kjds ;kschp
tuk lrr laidksaZ
rFkk la c a / kks a dk l`
rS;kj djus dh 'kq:vkr djus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA dkjksckj dh t u djs x kA
Li"V çHkko gksrk gSA
;kstuk rS;kj 5-3
djus jk"Vª
dh hçfØ;k
; lgdkfjrk dk vPNhfodkl rjg fuxe ls tk;tk ysus ds dk;ZØeksa ds
ds fofHkUu
foÙkh; ;kstuk% ;kstukvksa dh bl lewph ç.kkyh dk vk/kkj foÙkh; fy, bl nLrkost vadksrxZiwrjh lgk;rk rjg ls çkIr i<+saA djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
;kstuk gksrh gSA lkekU; rkSj ij rhu foÙkh; {ks=ksa ij ppkZ dh esa ,Qihvks dks 'kkfey djus ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
tkrh gS % 4-6-4 dkjksckj ;ksfodkl
tuk dh fuxelq>¼,ulhMhlh½ k;h xbZ :ijs ds vf/kns
[kk 'k dk foLrkj fd;k
I. vkPNknu i= tk,xkA
◊ foÙk iks”k.k Lo:i ;g dkjksckj ;ks
5-4tukusdsQsM'kh"kZ¼,u,,QbMh½
d i`"B ds :i,slesh a ik= dke ladjrh LFkkvksgSa Adhbleslwpa h esa ,Qihvks
◊ udn çokg fooj.k fuEufyf[kr gksus pkfg, %
◊ rhu lky dh vk; dk fooj.k ◊ mRiknd dailauhca/dk uke
kh [kjhnnkjh dk dk;Z djus ds fy, mldh vksj ls
◊ daiuh dk irkdke djrs gSaA
lkekU; rkSj ij dkjksckj ;kstuk esa ,d ifjf'k"V 'kkfey fd;k ◊ daiuh dk Qksu uacj ¼,fj;k dksM 'kkfey djsa½
tkrk gSA vkerkSj ij bl ifjf'k"V esa leFkZd lwpuk,a] nLrkost ◊ yksxks ¼;fn 5-5 dks—f"k
bZ gks,oa½ lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
,oa C;kSjs gksrs gSa tks laiw.kZ ;kstuk ds Li"V laçs"k.k ds lkFk ◊ lh bZ vks@funsj'kdjkT;
vkS eaMyljdkjks ds uke] a dsin]lkFkirk]dkeQksudjsuaxcjk rkfd mUgsa
n[ky nsrs gSaA bl çdkj dh lwpukvksa ds mnkgj.k esa ewY; ¼,fj;k dksM fofHkUu
'kkfey djs Qlyks a½ a ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½
lwph] vkfFkZd Hkfo";ok.kh] tulkaf[;dh; vk/kkj lkexzh MkVk rFkk ◊ dkjksckj ;kstuk tkjh djus dh
ij [kjhnnkjh dk dkjZ
eghuk okb;ks ,oaa dso"kZvarxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
cktkj fo'ys"k.k 'kkfey gksrs gSaA ◊ O;fä@laxBulaLdk Fkkvksuke a sa dsftlus :i bls esa ,Qihvks
rS;kj fd;kA dks 'kkfey djus ds fy,
II. Brief Description of the Business
This gives a brief description of the business idea. What
NATIONAL POLICY
market may change and what is the plan to adjust
with the changing scenario.
is the propose? Why it will be successful? FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER PRODUCER
V. Financial Documents
III. Table of Contents
A page listing the major topics and references. PREAMBLE
These are the records used to show past, current and
projected finances. The following are the major documents
IV. Marketing Plan that would be required to include
Collectivization in the business
of producers, plan. The
especially small and
A marketing plan includes information about the total market work is easier if these are done in the order presented.
with emphasis on the target market. It helps in identifying
the target customers and suggests the means to rightly ¸ Cash flow statement (budget): This document
position and supply the products or services to them. to address the many challenges of agriculture but
projects what your business plan means in terms
most importantly,
of rupees. It shows cashimproved
inflow andaccess
outflowtoover
investments,
a
¸ Target market: Identify characteristics of the technology and inputs and markets. Department
period of time and is used for internal planning. Cash of 2.4
customers. Tell how the results have been flow Agriculture
statements show and both
Cooperation,
how muchMinistry
and whenofcash
Agriculture,
arrived. Back up information with demographics mustGovt.
flow inofand out ofhas
India youridentified
business. farmer producer
questionnaires and surveys. Estimate the market organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
size ¸ Three-year income projection: A pro forma income
statement showing your projections for your company
¸ Competition: Evaluate indirect and direct competition. institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
for the next three years. Use the pro forma cash flow
Show how one can compete. Evaluate competition and build
statement their
for the firstcapacity to collectively
year’s figures leverage
and project the their
3.
in terms of location, market and business history. nextproduction
according toand marketing
economic andstrength.
industry trends.
3.1
¸ Place: Tell about the manner in which products and ¸ Break-even analysis:
This policy The break-even
document is meant topoint
serveisas
when
a reference
services will be made available to the customer. Back a company’s
and guide to Central and State Governmentoragencies
expenses exactly match the sales
up decisions with statistical reports, rate sheets etc service volume. It can be expressed in total rupees
or revenue exactly offset by total expenses or total
¸ Promotion: How the advertising will be tailored to
units of production (cost of which exactly equals the
the target market? Include rate sheets, promotional link derived
income them tobybenefits under
their sales). various
This programmes
analysis can be and
3.2
material and time lines for advertising campaign doneschemes of the Centralorand
either mathematically State Governments.
graphically.
PART THREE
¸ Pricing: Pricing will be determined as a result of ¸ Debt-service 1. VISION: ratio:ToThe
build
DebtaService
prosperous andratio
coverage sustainable
market research and costing of the product or service. agriculture
is a measure sectorability
of the firm’s by promoting and supporting
to meet long-term
Tell how the pricing structure has been arrived and member-owned
obligations. This ratio is expressed
Producer asOrganisations,
the amount that
back it up with materials from research. a projectenable
pays (orfarmers
proposesto enhance productivity
to pay) each year for through
principal efficient,
and interest
cost-effective
on the debt/loan;
and sustainable
that is,resource
the use
4.
¸ Product: Answer key questions regarding product amount ofanddebt
realize
servicehigher
to bereturns
paid when
for their
compared
produce, through
design and packaging. Include graphics and with the funds
collective
available
actionto supported
pay that debt the government, 4.1
by service.
proprietary rights information. and fruitful collaboration with academia, research
VI. Supporting Documents
¸ Timing of market entry: Decide when to enter in the ¸ Brief profile of the PC and resumes of the key
market and how this decision has been arrived at. 2. MISSION
Director/CEO
¸ Copies of leases, if any
¸ Targeted sales: State the sales targeted for the next 3 ¸ Letters of reference
years. The first year’s sales may be presented month- ¸ Contracts/work order/MoU for selling produces etc.
(FPOs)
wise. ¸ Legal documents (registration, business license,
etc. 2.2 To provide support for the promotion of such FPOs
¸ Industry trends: Give current trends about how the by qualified and experienced Resource Institutions

II. dkjksckj dk laf{kIre fooj.k gS rFkk cnyrs ifjos'k ls fdl rjg rkyesy LFkkfir djus
;g dkjksckj dk laf{kIr fooj.k çnku djrk gSA ç;kstu D;k gS\ dk çLrko gSA
;g lQy D;ksa gksxk\
V. foÙkh; nLrkost
III. fo”k; lwph
;s fiNys] orZeku ,oa çLrkfor foÙk iks”k.k dks n'kkZus ds fy,
çeq[k fo”k;ksa ,oa lanHkksaZ dh i`f”B la[;kA ç;ksx esa yk, x, fjdkMZ gSaA uhps ,sls çeq[k nLrkostksa dk mYys[k
fd;k x;k gS ftudks dkjksckj ;kstuk esa 'kkfey djus dh t:jr
IV. foi.ku ;kstuk gksrh gSA ;fn budks ;gka mfYyf[kr Øe esa 'kkfey fd;k tkrk
foi.ku ;kstuk esa yf{kr cktkj ij cy ds lkFk laiw.kZ cktkj ds gS] rks dke vklku gks tkrk gSA
ckjs esa lwpuk,a gksrh gSaA ;g yf{kr xzkgdksa dh igpku djus esa
enn djrh gS rFkk mudks mRiknksa ;k lsokvksa dh vkiwfrZ djus ◊ udn çokg fooj.k ¼ctV½% ;g nLrkost n'kkZrk gS fd #i,
rFkk lgh <ax ls mRiknksa ;k lsokvksa dks LFkkfir djus ds mik;ksa dh –f"V ls dkjksckj ;kstuk dk vfHkçk; D;k gSA ;g ,d
dk lq>ko nsrh gSA fuf'pr vof/k esa udn var% çokg ,oa cfgiZoz kg dks n'kkZrk
gS rFkk bldk ç;ksx vkarfjd ;kstuk ds fy, fd;k tkrk
◊ yf{kr cktkj% xzkgdksa dh [kkfl;rksa dh igpku djsaA crk,a gSA udn çokg fooj.k n'kkZrk gS fd dc vkSj fdruk udn
fd dSls ifj.kkeksa dks çkIr fd;k x;k gSA tulk[;hdh vkids O;kolk; esa vkuk pkfg, vkSj blls ckgj tkuk
laca/kh ç'ukoyh rFkk losZ{k.k ds lkFk leFkZd lwpuk,aA pkfg,A
cktkj ds vkdkj dk vuqeku yxk,aA ◊ rhu lky dh vk; dks n'kkZuk% vxys rhu o”kksaZ ds fy,
◊ çfrLik/kkZ% çR;{k ,oa ijks{k çfrLI/kkZ dk ewY;kadu djsaA vkidh daiuh ds ckjs esa vkids vuqekuksa dks n'kkZus okyk
n'kkZ,a fd vki dSls gksM+ esa vkxs fudy ldrs gSaA LFkku] ,d çi= vk; fooj.kA igys o"kZ ds vkadM+ksa ds fy, çi=
cktkj rFkk dkjksckj ds bfrgkl dh –f"V ls çfrLi/kkZ dk udn çokg fooj.k dk ç;ksx djsa rFkk vkfFkZd ,oa m|ksx
ewY;kadu djsaA dh :>kuksa ds vuqlkj vxys lky ds vkadM+s çLrq~r djsaA
◊ leku :i ls foHkkftr fo'ys"k.k% leku :i ls foHkkftr
◊ LFkku% crk,a fd fdl <ax ls xzkgd dks mRikn ,oa lsok,a fcanq og gS tc fdlh daiuh ds O;; fcØh ;k lsok dh ek=k
miyC/k djk;h tk,axhA lkaf[;dh; fjiksVksaZ] nj i= vkfn ls iwjh rjg ls esy [kkrs gSaA bls dqy O;; ;k dqy ;wfuV
ds lkFk leFkZdkjh fu.kZ;A mRiknu ¼ftldh ykxr mudh fcØh }kjk çkIr vk; ds
◊ lao/kZu% foKkiu dks fdl rjg ls yf{kr cktkj ds lkFk tksMk+ fcYdqy cjkcj gksrh gS½ }kjk lVhd :i ls lek;ksftr dqy
tk,xk\ nj i=] lao/kZukRed lkexzh rFkk foKkiu vfHk;ku ds #i, ;k jktLo esa O;ä fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g fo'ys"k.k
fy, le; lhek 'kkfey djsAa xf.krh; :i esa ;k vkjs[kh; <ax ls fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Hkkx rhu
◊ ewY; fu/kkZj.k% cktkj vuqla/kku rFkk lsok ;k mRikn dh ◊ _.k & lfoZl vuqikr% _.k lsok O;kfIr vuqikr daiuh
ykxr ds vk/kkj ij ewY;] dk fu/kkZj.k fd;k tk,xkA crk,a dh nh?kZ vof/k dh ns;rkvksa dks iwjk djus dh lkeF;Z dk
fd fdl rjg ls ewY; lajpuk rS;kj dh xbZ gS rFkk blds ekinaM gSA bl vuqikr dks ,slh jkf'k ds :i esa O;ä
leFkZu esa vuqla/kku ls lkexzh çLrq~r djsaA fd;k tkrk gS ftls ifj;kstuk _.k@m/kkj ij C;kt rFkk
ewy/ku ds fy, gj lky Hkqxrku djrh gS ¼;k Hkqxrku djus
◊ mRikn% mRikn dh fMtkbu ,oa iSdsftax ds laca/k esa ladsr dk çLrko djrh gS½] vFkkZr ml _.k lfoZl ds Hkqxrku
'kCnksa ds mÙkaj nsaA vkjs[k ,oa LokkfeRo vf/kdkj ls lacaf/kr ds fy, miyC/k fuf/k;ksa dh rqyuk djrs le; Hkqxrku dh
lwpuk,a 'kkfey djsaA tkus okyh _.k lfoZl dh jkf'kA
◊ cktkj esa ços'k djus dk le;% r; djsa fd cktkj esa dc
mrjuk gS rFkk ;g fu.kZ; fdl rjg fy;k x;k gSA VI. leFkZd nLrkost
◊ mRiknd daiuh dh laf{kIr i`"BHkwfe rFkk çeq[k funs'kd@
◊ yf{kr fcØh% vxys rhu lky ds fy, yf{kr fcØh ds ckjs lhbZvks dk thou&o`Ùk
esa crk,aA igys lky dh fcØh dks ekgokj çLrqr fd;k tk ◊ iV~Vksa] ;fn dksbZ gks] dh çfrfyfi;ka
ldrk gSA ◊ lanHkZ i=
◊ mRiknksa vkfn dks cspus ds fy, lafonk@dk;Z vkns'k@,e vks ;w
◊ m|ksx dh :>kusa% orZeku :>kuksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh çnku
◊ dkuwuh nLrkost ¼iathdj.k] dkjksckj ykblsla vkfn½
djsa rFkk ;g Hkh crk,a fd dSls cktkj ifjofrZr gks ldrk

81
CHAPTER
viable 5 owned FPOs.
producer operations for various crops.
ASSESSING INSTITUTIONAL
PERFORMANCE
and registration processes OF arePRODUCER
annexed to thisCOMPANY
Policy. short and medium term credit for working capital
(The Chapter describes a practical tool that can be used to measure the
health of the producer companies)
vision of building FPOs, especially if funds under 5.1 FRAMEWORK
FPOs and link themOF to PARTICIPATORY
Kisan Credit Cards. ASSESSMENT
A method of institutional assessment of producer
Central schemes are being used to promote FPOs. OF INSTITUTIONAL PERFORMANCE OF PC
company, namely, Framework of Participatory 5.7 DAC will work with Ministry of Corporate Affairs and
However, State Governments are free to develop The framework is comprised of a set of Criteria and
Assessment of Institutional Performance of PC, has other stakeholders to further clarify and strengthen
their own independent guidelines to support FPOs Institutional Maturity Indicators, considered important
been discussed in the following section. This method provisions of the law relating to the registration,
if they are using. State budgetary funds for the for quality checks to ensure that the formation process
is used frequently by ASA to assess the institutional management and regulation of FPOs with a view
same. and functioning of PC is such that it contributes towards
performance of the PC time to time. Based on the to fostering fast paced growth of FPOs.
strengthening of the governing system of the PC. A
findings of the assessment capacity building strategy
5. ROLE OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS suggestive set of criteria and IMIs are given below.
for the PC, it is developed or modified. 6. ROLE OF STATE GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS IN
IN SUPPORTING FPOs
SUPPORTING FPOS
TABLE 13: CRITERIA AND INDICATORS FOR
5.1 Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), ASSESSING PC FORMATION PROCESS AND FUNCTIONING
CRITERIA INDICATORS 6.1 Besides encouraging State Governments to take up
Characteristics
the nodal agency for the development ¸ and good enough to beformation
Size:growth of FPOs
viable and socially on a large scale through Centrally-
cohesive
sponsored and State-financed
¸ Social homogeneity: kinship or other social ties, absence of dependency programmes
on relations. and
of FPOs.
¸ Not dominated by politically/economically powerful members
¸ Poor and women are included (if mandated)
2. Identity & structure ¸ Members know the purpose of forming PC
a Society under DAC, will be the¸ designated strengthen FPOs:
Members represent their households.
¸ There is continuity in household representatives.
technical support, training needs, ¸ research andcan give an account of all the PC’s activities.
All members
knowledge management and to create members can give an accountregistered
¸ All linkages (General) ofunder
the PC’sthe relevant State legislation
finances
to3.investments,
Leadership technology and markets. ¸ Leadership
SFAC will roles change, fixed tenure
¸ Leaders have been elected/selected benefits and facilities that are extended
by the members.
provide all- round support to State ¸ Governments,
Selection/election of leader based toonmember-owned
desired characteristicsinstitutions from time
4. Functioning ¸ PC has a set of rules (by-laws) which to time.
have been discussed and agreed upon as well as
development of FPOs. In particular, SFACsanctions will createfor rule breakers
sustainable linkages between FPOs ¸ and
Regularinputs
BOD meeting and 6.1.2 By place
AGM take making provisions
with significant for easy issue of
attendance
¸ The majority of members (X%) contribute to BOD/AGM discussion and decision making
¸ Up to date maintenance of records and statutory compliances
5. Independence ¸ X% meetings of BOD/AGM regularly take place in the absence of promoting institution or with
players, both in the public and private diminishingsectors. support for use of their members as well as routing
(in proportional to the age of the PC)
¸ Records are maintained without or thewithsupply of agricultural
little support from the Promotinginputs
Agencythrough
(PA)
5.3 The mandate of National Cooperative¸Development X% decisions are taken independent of the
FPOs at PApar with cooperatives.
Corporation (NCDC) will be expanded
6. Resource mobilisation
to include
¸ PC raises funds to carry out business
FPOs in the list of eligible institutions ¸which receive
Overheads expenditure 6.1.3
met with By using
the own FPOs as producers of certified
resources
support under the various programmes ¸ Reserve of funds
the builds up to X% seed, saplings and other planting material
¸ PC mobilises specialist skills or services from the government and private sources
¸ PC obtains govt. scheme to meet identified needs (convergence with other schemes)
5.4 NAFED willmanagement
7. Resource take steps to include FPOs ¸ PC indevelops
the listbusiness plan and implementation is as per the plan
of eligible institutions which act on¸itsPCbehalf has shown ability to negotiate with the various stakeholders
to 6.1.4 By suitable amendments in the APMC Act
¸ PC effectively oversees/manages the work of executives working as salaried persons
undertake price support purchase operations. ¸ Budget control to allow direct sale of farm produce by
¸ Transparency FPOs at the farmgate, through FPO owned
8. Skill acquisition & use ¸ X% of BOD members have attended procurement and marketing
training programmes centrestraining)
(including specialised and for
facilitating
¸ BOD has used planning skills to identify and solvecontract
operationalfarming
problems.arrangements
¸ Equitable distribution of benefits between
9. Distribution of benefits (dividends and FPOs and bulk buyers.
services)
the Minimum Support Price (MSP) ¸procurement Mechanism of benefits-sharing developed and adhered to
POLICYPOLICY
& PROCESS
& PROCESS
GUIDELINES
GUIDELINES
FOR FARMER
FOR FARMER
PRODUCER
PRODUCER
ORGANISATIONS
ORGANISATIONS
v/;k;&5 4-2 ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, foLr`r fn'kkfuns'Z k] bl uhfr ds
mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkkfud ctV ,oa iathdj.k dh çfØ;k,a 'kkfey gSAa budk mís';]
fu"iknu dk ewY;kadu laLFkkvksa dk ekxZn'kZu djuk rFkk fo'ks"k :i ls ,slh ifjfLFkfr
¼bl v/;k; esa ,d O;kogkfjd midj.k dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS ftldk ç;ksx esa ,Qihvks ds fuekZ.k ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, foLr`r
mRiknd daifu;ksa ds LoLFk dk ewY;kadu djus ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gS½ fuf/k;ksa dk ç;ksx ,Qihvks ds lao/kZu ds fy, fd;k tk jgk gksA
mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkkfud ewY;kadu dh fof/k vFkkZr 5-1 mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkkfud fu"iknu ds
mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkkfud fu”ikanu ds çfrHkkfxrkiw.kZ lgHkkfxrkiw.kZ ewY;kadu dh :ijs[kk
ewY;kadu dh :ijs[kk ij vxys [kaM esa ppkZ dh xbZ gSA bl :ijs[kk esa dlkSVh ,oa laLFkkfud ifjifDork ladsrdksa dk
le;≤ ij mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkfud fu"iknu dk ,d lewg 'kkfey gS ftUgsa xq.koÙkk dh tkap ds fy, egRoiw.kZ
ewY;kadu djus ds fy, , ,l , }kjk vDlj bl fof/k dk ekuk tkrk gS5-rkfd,Qihvks lqfuf'pr dh gks fdlgk;rk
mRiknddjus
daiuh esdha dsfuekZ
aæ ljdkj
.k dh
ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA mRiknd daiuh ds fy, ewY;kadu {kerk çfØ;k rFkk dkedkt laL,sFkkvks
lk gksa dh Hkwfedk daiuh dh vfHk'kklu
tks mRiknd
fuekZ.k j.kuhfr ds fu”d”kksaZ ds vk/kkj ij bls fodflr ;k dh ç.kkyh dks5-1lq–—f"k
<+ djus,oa dhlgdkfjrk
fn'kk esa foHkkx
;ksxnku(¼Mh,lh½
djsA dlkS—f"kfV;kseaa=ky;] Hkkjr
la'kksf/kr fd;k tkrk gSA rFkk vkbZ ,e vkbZ ljdkj
dh ,d ,Qihvks
lkadsfrddslwfodkl
ph uhps,oanh çxfr
xbZ gSds fy, ç/kku laLFkk
lkj.kh 13% mR‍iknd daiuh dh fuekZ.k çfØ;k rFkk dkedkt ds ewY‍;kadu5-2ds fy,
y?kq dlkS
—"kdfV;ka
—f"krFkk ladsrifjla?k ¼,l,Q,lh½] tks —f"k
O;olk;
Øe la- dlkSVh ladsr ,oa lgdfjrk foHkkx ds varxZr ,d laLFkk gS] rduhdh
1 fo'ks"krk,a ◊ vkdkj% O;ogk;Z ,oa lkekftd –f"V ls lkeatL;iw.kZ gksus ds fy, i;kZIr :ilgk;rk]
ls cM+h gks çf'k{k.k laca/kh vko';drkvksa] vuqla/kku ,oa Kku
◊ lkekftd le:irk% fj'rk ;k vU; lkekftd laca/k] laca/kksa ij fuHkZj u gksuk
◊ jktuhfrd –f"V ls@vkfFkZd –f"V ls rkdroj lnL;ksa dk opZLo u gks
◊ xjhcksa ,oa efgykvksa dks 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gS ¼;fn vf/knsf'kr gks½ LFkkfir djus ds fy, ,dy L=ksrds :i esa dke djus ds
2 igpku ,oa lajpuk ◊ lnL; mRiknd daiuh ds xBu ds ç;kstu dks tkurs gSa fy, —f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx dh fpfUgr laLFkk gksxhA
◊ lnL; vius ifjokjksa dk çfrfuf/kRo djrs gSa ,l,Q,lh jkT; ljdkjksa] ,Qihvks rFkk ,Qihks ds lao/kZu
◊ ifjokj ds çfrfuf/k;ksa esa fujarjrk gS
◊ lHkh lnL; mRiknd daiuh dh lHkh xfrfof/k;ksa dk ys[kk ns ldrs gSa ,oa fodkl esa 'kkfey vU; laLFkkavksa dks pgq¡eq[kh lgk;rk
◊ lHkh lnL; mRiknd daiuh ds foRr dk ys[kk ¼lkekU;½ ns ldrs gSa çnku djsxkA fo'ks"k :i ls] ,l,Q,lh ,Qihvks rFkk
3 usr`Ro ◊ usr`Ro dh Hkwfedk,a ifjofrZr gksrh gSa] dk;Zdky fu/kkZfjr gksrk gS futh ,oa lkoZtfud nksuksa {ks=ksa ds vknku] vkiwfrZdrkZvksa]
◊ usrkvksa dk p;u@fuokZpu lnL;ksa }kjk fd;k x;k gS
◊ okafNr fo'ks"krkvksa ds vk/kkj ij usrkvksa dk p;u@fuokZpu
4 dkedkt ◊
ih lh dh viuh ,d fu;ekoyh ¼mi fu;e½ gS ftu ij ppkZ gqbZ gS rFkk lgefr cuh gS vkSj fu;e rksM+us okyksa ds fy, çfrca/kksa dh Hkh
O;oLFkk gS rFkk laca/kksa dk l`tu djsxkA
◊ mYys[kuh; mifLFkfr ds lkFk chvksMh dh cSBd rFkk ,th,e dk fu;fer :i ls vk;kstu gksrk gS
◊ vf/kdka'k lnL; ¼...çfr'kr½ chvksMh@,th,e ppkZ ,oa fu.kZ; ysu5-3
s esa Hkkx ysjk"Vª
rs gSha ; lgdkfjrk fodkl fuxe ds fofHkUu dk;ZØeksa ds
◊ fjdkMksaZ rFkk lkafof/kd vuqikyuksa dk vPNh rjg ls vuqj{k.k varxZr lgk;rk çkIr djus ds fy, ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph
5 Lora=rk ¼mRiknd ◊ dha ...çfr'kr
çorZd laLFkk dh vuqifLFkfr esa ;k ?kVrs leFkZu ds lkFk chvksMh@,th,e es ,QihvkscSBdks 'kkfey
dsa fu;fer :i lsdjus
gksrh gSa ds fy, jk"Vªh; lgHkkfxrk
daiuh dh mez ds ◊ çorZd ,tsalh ¼ih,½ dh lgk;rk ds fcuk ;k ukeek= dh lgk;rk ls fjdkMZ rS;kj fd, tkrs gSaA
vuqikr esa½ ◊ çorZd ,tsalh ds cxSj Lora= :i ls ...çfr'kr fu.kZ; fy, tkrs gSa fodkl fuxe ¼,ulhMhlh½ ds vf/kns'k dk foLrkj fd;k
6 lalk/ku tqVkuk ◊ dkjksckj lapkfyr djus ds fy, mRiknd daiuh /ku tqVkrh gS tk,xkA
◊ Åijh [kpksaZ dks vius [kqn ds lalk/kuksa ls ogu fd;k tkrk gS
◊ ...çfr'kr rd vkjf{kr fuf/k dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gS 5-4 usQsM ¼,u,,QbMh½ ,slh ik= laLFkkvksa dh lwph esa ,Qihvks
◊ mRiknd daiuh ljdkj ;k futh lzksrksa ls fo'ks"kK dkS'ky ;k lsok,a tqVkrh dks
gS 'kkfey djus ds fy, dne mBk,xk tks ewY; leFkZu
◊ vfHkfpfàr t:jrksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, mRiknd daiuh ljdkjh Ldhe dh enn ysrh gS ¼vU; Ldheksa ds lkFk vfHklj.k½
7 lalk/ku çca/ku ◊ mRiknd daiuh dkjksckj ;kstuk fodflr djrh gS rFkk dk;kZUo;u ;kstuk dke djrsgksrkgSgSaA
ds eqrkfcd
◊ mRiknd daiuh us fofHkUu fgr/kkjdksa ds lkFk eksyHkko djus dh lkeF;Z çnf'kZr dh gS
◊ mRiknd daiuh osruHkksxh O;fä;ksa ds :i esa dke djus okys dk;Zi5-5
kydksa ds—f"k ,oadkjxj
dk;Z dh lgdkfjrk foHkkx Hkkjrh;
<ax ls fuxjkuh@çca /ku djrh [kk|
gS fuxe ¼,QlhvkbZ½
◊ ctV fu;a=.k vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds lkFk dke djsxk rkfd mUgsa
◊ ikjnf'kZrk
8 dkS'ky vf/kxzg.k ,oa ◊ chvksMh ds ...çfrf'kr lnL;ksa us çf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa esa Hkkx fy;k gS ¼ftlesa ij
fof'k"V[kjhnnkjh
çf'k{k.k 'kkfey
dhgSa½dkjZokb;ksa ds varxZr [kjhn ,oa olwyh
ç;ksx ◊ chvksMh us çpkyu ls tqM+h leL;kvksa dh igpku djus rFkk mUgsa nwj djus ds fy, vk;kstuk ds dkS'kyksa dk ç;ksx fd;k gS
9 ykHkksa dk forj.k ◊ ykHkksa ¼ykHkka'k ,oa lsokvksa½ dk leku :i ls forj.k
◊ ykHkksa dh fgLlsnkjh dk ra= fodflr fd;k x;k gS rFkk mldk ikyu fd;kçkstkrk RlkfgrgS fd;k tk ldsA
Against each of these criteria and associated indicators
the institutional performance of the PC can be assessed NATIONAL POLICY
in different time frame. The timing of the assessment
is context specific and therefore difficult to prescribe.
However, it is suggestive that it can be used for some
criteria in the beginning and repeat exercise can be
conducted once in a year. PREAMBLE
It is desirable that the assessment is done in a Collectivization of producers, especially small and
participatory manner, especially involving the members marginal farmers, into producer organisations has 2.3
of the BoD, so that they get the maximum benefits by emerged as one of the most effective pathways
this assessment in the form of discussion on the spot to address the many challenges of agriculture but
analysis, etc. This analysis would help the BoD to identify most importantly, improved access to investments,
their strength and limitations for course correction.
Hence, the process of facilitation is crucial.
Since the assessment is qualitative in nature therefore Govt. of India has identified farmer producer
the facilitator for this assessment may choose to use organisation registered under the special provisions 2.5
different scales viz. 1 to 10 or attributes like very good, of the Companies Act, 1956 as the most appropriate
good, satisfactory, poor, etc. to bring in some amount institutional form around which to mobilize farmers
of objectivity to the exercise. and build their capacity to collectively leverage their
3.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
3.1
Tool Kit for Financial Analysis This policy document is meant to serve as a reference
For the convenience of the practitioners and others an which seek to promote and support Farmer Producer
Excel programme based software has been developed Organisations, especially producer companies and
for the financial analysis. This will be useful for appraising link them to benefits under various programmes and
different variables while doing the financial analysis. 3.2
PART THREE
The softcopy of the Tool kit can be downloaded for free
from the SFAC website (www.sfacindia.com).
4.
2. MISSION
(FPOs)

bu dlkSfV;ksa rFkk lac) ladsrdksa esa ls çR;sd ds fo:) mRiknd
daiuh ds laLFkkfud fu"iknu dk ewY;kadu fHkUu&fHkUu le;
lhek esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA ewY;kadu dk le; lanHkZ fof'k"V
gksrk gS vkSj blfy, fu/kkZfjr djuk dfBu gSA rFkkfi] lq>ko
fn;k tkrk gS fd 'kq:vkr esa dqN dlkSfV;ksa ds fy, bldk ç;ksx
fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk o"kZ esa ,d ckj bl dok;n dks nksgjk;k
tk ldrk gSA
okaNuh; gS fd ewY;kadu lgHkkfxrkiw.kZ <ax ls fd;k tk,]

fo'ks"k :i ls chvksMh ds lnL;ksa dks 'kkfey djds rkfd mUgsa
LFky ij gh fo'ys"k.k] ppkZ vkfn ds :i esa ewY;kadu ds
ek/;e ls vf/kdre ykHk çkIr gks ldsA ;g fo'ys"k.k viuk,
tkus okys iFk esa lq/kkj ds fy, viuh vPNkb;ksa ,oa lhekvksa
dh igpku djus esa chvksMh dh enn djsxkA blfy,] ;g
çfØ;k egRoiw.kZ gSA
pwafd ewY;kadu dk Lo:i xq.kkRed gksrk gS blfy, bl ewY;kadu

dk lw=/kkj fofHkUu iSekuksa dk ç;ksx djus ds fodYi dks pqu
ldrk gS] mnkgj.k ds fy, 1 ls 10 ;k cgqr vPNk] vPNk]
larks”kçn] [kjkc vkfn tSls fo'ks"k.k rkfd bl dok;n esa dqN
gn rd oLrqfu”Brk 'kkfey gksA
vfrfjDr lalk/ku
foRrh; fo'ys"k.k ds fy, midj.k lkexzh
O;olk;h rFkk nwljksa dh lqfo/kk ds fy,] ,d ,Dlsy çksxzke
vk/kkfjr lk¶Vos;j foRrh; fo'ys"k.k ds fy, fodflr fd;k
x;k gSA foRrh; fo'ys"k.k djrs le; fofHkUu çHkkfor djus
okyh oLrqvksa dh tkudkjh çkIr djus esa ;g mi;ksxh gksxkA bl
midj.k lkexzh dh lk¶V dkih ,l ,Q , lh dh osclkbV
Hkkx rhu
(www.sfacindia.com) ls eq¶r esa MkmuyksM dh tk ldrh gSA

83
Hkkjr ljdkj
d`f"k ea=kky;

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fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds fy,

uhfr ,oa çfØ;k ekxZnf’kZdk

POLICY & PROCESS GUIDELINES FOR

POLICY & PROCESS GUIDELINES FOR

d`f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx

Hkkx&2% fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa ds lao/kZu ds fy, çfØ;k ekxZnf'kZdk

Hkkx&3% mRiknd daiuh LFkkfir djus ds fy, lalk/ku iqfLrdk

v/;k; 1% mRiknd daifu;ka&ladYiuk ,oa çFkk,a

pj.k 1% fMftVy gLrk{kj çek.k i= ¼Mh ,l lh½

pj.k 2% funs'kd igpku la[;k ¼Mh vkbZ ,u½

pj.k 3% mRiknd daiuh dk ukedj.k

pj.k 4% laxe Kkiu ,oa laxe vuqPNsSn

pj.k 6% fuxeu çek.k i=

v/;k; 3% mRiknd daiuh dh iwath laca/kh vko';drkvksa dk ewY;kadu

v/;k; 4% mRiknd daifu;ksa ds dkjksckj dh foÙkh; O;ogk;Zrk dk ewY;kadu

v/;k; 5% mRiknd daiuh ds laLFkkfud fu"iknu dk ewY;kadu

16 and Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA

—f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx | Hkkjr ljdkj 13

1. VISION: To build a prosperous and sustainable

16 and Cooperation | GOVT. OF INDIA

—f"k ,oa lgdkfjrk foHkkx | Hkkjr ljdkj 16

18GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

20GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

O;olk; çpkyu laHkkO;rk fo”ys”k.k

laxfBr djuk ,oa fdlkuksa dks

fp=&1% ,Q ih vks ds lao/kZu rFkk fodkl dh çfØ;k

22GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

lsokvksa ds lewg esa foRrh;] dkjksckj rFkk dY;k.k ls tqMh+ lsok,a

foRrh; lsok,a % ,Qihvks Qlyksa ds fy,] VªSDVj] iai lsV [kjhnus

mRiknd lkexzh vkiwfrZ lsok,a % ,Qihvks lnL; & fdlkuksa dks

foi.ku lsok,a % ,Qihvks —f"k mRiknu dh [kjhnnkjh djus

chek lsok,a % ,Qihvks fofHkUu çdkj dh chek lsok,a miyC/k

rduhdh lsok,a % ,Qihvks [ksrh dh csgrj dk;Zç.kkfy;ksa dks

usVodZ lsok,a % lwpuk ds ek/;eksa ¼mnkgj.k ds fy,] mRikn

FOR THE PROMOTION OF FARMER

24GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

26GUIDELINES FOR FARMER PRODUCER ORGANISATIONS

vkfFkZd çHkko lkekftd çHkko

9- ctV ,oa Hkqxrku dh lajpuk

i'pkr lalk/ku laLFkk o"kZ nks ls ,Q ih vks ds LV‚Q dh ykxr] ;k=k

laLFkk~ fodkl ds eqíksa ij çf'k{k.k] Vdjko çca/ku ij çf'k{k.k] cgh

eq[; dk;Zikyd vf/kdkjh igyk O;fDr gksrk gS ftls lalk/ku laLFkk

}kjk fu;qä~ ,oa rSukr fd;k tkrk gSA og 5 ,y vkj ih ds lkFk

dk;kZy; O;; ds ctV dks ,Q ih vks esa varfjr djsxkA

fdlkuksa ds çf'k{k.k ds fy, bl fdV dk ç;ksx djsaxs

farm or off farm classroom sessions.

FPO from 2nd year onwards.

nkSjk çnku fd;k tk,xk

Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India will act as

formation of FPOs on a large scale through Centrally-

the nodal agency for the development and growth

sponsored and State-financed programmes and

6.1.1 By declaring FPOs at par with cooperatives

technical support, training needs, research and

registered under the relevant State legislation

knowledge management and to create linkages

and self-help groups/federations for all

to member-owned institutions from time

FPOs and other entities engaged in promotion and 1

development of FPOs. In particular, SFAC will create

the supply of agricultural inputs through

Development & Distribution of Training Tool Kits

FPOs at par with cooperatives.