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  • Report by United Cities and Local Governments 2008. World Bank Publications

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    Kurt Vincent Lingatong
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    This document summarizes two sources. The first is a 2008 report by United Cities and Local Governments that examines decentralization and local democracy around the world. The second source is a 1997 science article that uses a multilevel study to show neighborhoods with higher collective efficacy have lower violent crime rates. The article is co-authored by researchers from the University of Chicago, Michigan State University, and Harvard University who study neighborhoods and human development.

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    This document summarizes two sources. The first is a 2008 report by United Cities and Local Governments that examines decentralization and local democracy around the world. The second source is a 1997 science article that uses a multilevel study to show neighborhoods with higher collective efficacy have lower violent crime rates. The article is co-authored by researchers from the University of Chicago, Michigan State University, and Harvard University who study neighborhoods and human development.

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    10 views1 page

    Report by United Cities and Local Governments 2008. World Bank Publications

    Uploaded by

    Kurt Vincent Lingatong
    This document summarizes two sources. The first is a 2008 report by United Cities and Local Governments that examines decentralization and local democracy around the world. The second source is a 1997 science article that uses a multilevel study to show neighborhoods with higher collective efficacy have lower violent crime rates. The article is co-authored by researchers from the University of Chicago, Michigan State University, and Harvard University who study neighborhoods and human development.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Cities, U., & Governments, L. (2008).

    Decentralization and Local Democracy in the World: First Global


    Report by United Cities and Local Governments 2008. World Bank Publications.

    Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel
    study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924.

    1. R. J. Sampson is in the Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL,


    60637 and is a Research Fellow of the American Bar Foundation, Chicago, IL 60611,
    USA. S. W. Raudenbush is at the College of Education, Michigan State University, East
    Lansing, MI 48824, USA. F. Earls is the Principal Investigator of the Project on Human
    Development in Chicago Neighborhoods and is at the School of Public Health, Harvard
    University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

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