NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

- bl oxZ ds lnL; “loZO;kih” (cosmopolitan) gksrs gSaA ;s lcls fodflr tUrq gksrs gSaA
- vUrdadky vfLFky gksrk gSA diky (skull) “f}LdUnh;” ;k “MkbdkWUMkbfyd” (Dicondylic) gksrk gSA
- /kM+ ij nks tksM+h ikn ik;s tkrs gSaA tks ipkaxqfyd (pentadactyle) gksrsa gS ;s rSjus] nkSM+us] p<+us] vkfn ds fy, mik;ksftr
gksrs gSaA i'p ikn “flVsfl,Ul” (cetaceans) ,oa “lkbjsuh,Ul” (sirenians) esa vuqifLFkr gksrs gSaA
- buesa tcM+ksa dk fuyEcu “Øsfu;ks LVkbfyd” (craniostylic) izdkj dk gksrk gSA
- fupyk tcM+k dsoy MsUVjh (dentary) uked vfLFk dk cuk gksrks gSA
- eq[k xqfgdk esa nkar ds xM~<ks (Sockets) esa nkar fLFkj gksrs gSaA ;s “xrZnUrh” ;k “FkhdksMksUV” (thecodont) dgykrs gSaA
- vkgkj uky iw.kZ gksrh gSA ftldk izkjfEHkd fljk eqq[k (mouth) rFkk vfUre fljk xqnk dgykrk gSA buesa xqnk (Anus)

M
o eq+=kkstu fNnz (urinogenital aperture) vyx vyx gksrs gSaAbuesa voLdj (Cloaca) vuqifLFkr gksrk gSA (viokn
Lo:i “izkVs ksFkhjh;k” ds lnL;ksa esa voLdj ik;k tkrk gSA)
buesa d'ks:dk,sa (vertebrae) “vxrhZ” ;k “,slhyl” (Acoelous) ;k “,sEQhIysVh;u” (amphiplatyan) izdkj dh gksrh

O
-
gSA budk lsUVªe nksuksa rjQ ls piVk gksrk gSA lsUVªe ds fljksa ij mikfLFky xnnh (pads) ik;h tkrh gS ftls
,ihQkbfll (epiphysis) dgrs gSaA

C
- budh xzhok esa vkn'kZ :i ls 7 & xzhok d'ks:dk,as (cervical vertebrae) ik;h tkrh gSaA ysfdu “czsMhil” (Bradypus)

.
“LyksFk” (sloth) esa xzhok d'ks:dkvksa dh la[;k 8 ;k 9 gksrh gSA “leqnzh xk;” Mantees esa budh la[;k 6 gksrh gSA
- Lru/kkfj;ksa dh Ropk eksVh o tyjks/kd gksrh gS ;g xzfUFky (Glandular) gksrh gS buesa vusd xzfUFk;ka tSls & Losn

-
-

I I T
xzfUFk;ka (sweat glands) rsy xzfUFk;ka (Oil glands or sebaceous glands) o Lru xzfUFk;ka bR;kfn gksrh gSaA
lkekU;r% flj ij lhax (horns) , vxafq y;ksa ij uk[kqu (nail), iats ;k [kqj (hoofs) ik;s tkrs gSAa tks lqj{kk dk dk;Z djrs gSAa
Lru/kkfj;ksa esa dsoy ck;ka /keuh pki (left aortic arch) ik;k tkrk gSA
bu tUrqvksa esa Loj mRiUu djus gsrq xzhok esa ,d “ySfjaDl” (Larynx) ;k Loj ;U=k (sound organ) gksrk gSA

T
- ilfy;ka (Ribs) - “nks flj” (bifid) okyh gksrh gSA
- ân; prq%dks"Bh; (four chambered) gksrk gSA buesa nksgjk ifjlapj.k rU= (double circulatory system) ik;k tkrk gSA
buds yky :f/kjk.kq (R.B.C) “NksV”s (small) “xksykdkj” (circular) rFkk “dsUnzd jfgr” (non - nucleated) gksrs gSaA

E
-
- uklkiFk (nasal passage) eq[k xqgk ls vyx gksrs gSa rFkk Vªsfd;k dk eq[kxqgk esa [kqyus okyk }kj “,fiXykWfVl”
(epiglottis) }kjk <dk jgrk gSA
-

-
-
E
ukfldk d{k esa (Nasal chamber) usly (nasal) eSfDlyk (Maxilla) ,oa ,FkekWbM (ethmoid) uked vfLFk;ka ikbZ tkrh
gSa tks lfiZykdkj ekxZ cukrh gSA bl ekxZ esa ok;q ds lkFk vk;s gq;s thok.kqvksa ,oa feêh ds d.kksa dks vyx dj fy;k

N
tkrk gSA
diky rfU=dkvksa dh la[;k 12 tksM+h gksrh gSA
buesa 'olu ,d tksM+h Qq¶Qql (lungs) }kjk gksrk gSA QsQM+s Iywjy xqgk (pleural cavety) esa fLFkr gksrs gSaA
- bu tUrqvksa esa efLr"d vis{kkd`r cM+k o vf/kd fodflr gksrk gSA lsfjcze rFkk lsfjcSye jpuk esa tfVy o
vR;kf/kd fodflr gksrs gSaA
- buesa nksuksa izefLr"d xksyk)ksZa dks ijLij tksM+us gsrq fo'ks"k lajpuk gksrh gS ftls “dkWiZl dSyksle” (corpus
callosum) dgrs gSaA eksuksVªhEl esa vuqifLFkr gksrh gSA
- vkWfIVd fi.M (optic lobes) la[;k esa 4 rFkk Bksl (solid) izdf` r ds gksrs gSa pkjksa vkWfIVd fi.Mksa dks lkewfgd rkSj ij
“dkWiksZjk & DokMªhtsfeuk” (Corpora quadrigemina) dgrs gSaA
- cká d.kZ (external ear) d.kZ iYyo (ear pinna) ds :i esa ik;k tkrk gSA (eksuksVªhEl viokn gS)
- vUr%d.kZ dk “dkWfDy;k” (Cochlea) vR;Ur lfiZykdkj dq.Mfyr gksrk gSA

ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES

NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 1
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

- e/; d.kZ esa eSfy;l (Malleus) , bUdl (Incus) ,oa LVsfit (stapes) uked rhu d.kZ vfLFkdk,sa ik;h tkrh gSA
- mRltZu gsrq ,d tksMh+ “esVkusfÝd” (Metanephric) o`Dd (kidneys) mnjxqgk esa fLFkr gksrs gSaA
- ;s tUrq “;wfj;k mRlthZ” (Ureotelic) gksrs gSaA
- Lru/kkjh ,dfyaxh (unisexual) tUrq gksrs gSaA uj ds o`"k.k (testes) 'kjhj ckgj o`"k.k dks"kksa (Scrortal) esa fLFkr gksrs gSaA
uj esa ,d Li"V eSFkqu vax “f'k'u” (penis) gksrk gSA
- eknk esa v.Mk'k; (ovaries) ,oa âkflr f'k'u DykbVksfjl (clitoris) ik;k tkrk gSA
- v.Ms xHkkZ'; esa ifjof/kZr gksrs gSaA Hkw.z k esa Hkz.w kh f>fYy;ka (embryonic membrane) ,sfEu;ksu (amnion), dksfj;ksu (Chorion),
,yksUVksbl (allantois) ,oa ;ksd lsd (yolk sac) ikbZ tkrh gSA blfy, bUgsa “,fEuvks,V~l” (amniotes) dgrs gSaA

M
- vf/kdka'k Lru/kkjh ewyr% tjk;qt (viviparous) gksrs gSa tks f'k'kqvksa dks tUe nsrs gSaA dqN v.M;qt (oviparous)
(izkV
s ksFkhfj;k) dqN “v.Mtjk;qt” (ovoviviparous) (daxk:) gksrs gSaA
v.Ms “vihrdh” (alecithal) ;k “lq{eihrdh” (Microlecithal) izdkj ds gksrs gSa] ysfdu “izkVs ksFkhfj;k” (Prototheria)

O
-
ds v.Ms vfrihrdh (Megalecithal) gksrs gSaA
- fu"kspu (fertilization) vkUrfjd (internal) gksrk gSA ;g QSyksfi;u ufydk (Fallopian tube) esa lEiUu gksrk gSA

C
- fu"kspu ds le; 'kqØk.kq ds 'kh"kZ Hkkx ij fLFkr ,Økslkse (acrosome) gk;,ywjksfuMst (hyaluronidase) dk L=kko.k

.
djrk gS] tks fu"kspu ds le; v.M dh cká f>fYy;ksa dk Hksnus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA
- fonyu (cleavage) iw.kZHkUth (holoblastic) o leku (equal) izdkj dk gksrk gSA
-

- Lru/kkfj;ksa esa iSrd

I I T
eknk ds xHkkZ'k; (uterus) ls Hkzw.k IySlsUVk (placenta) }kjk tqMk+ jgrk gS] blfy, bUgsa IyslsUVy (placental animals)
tUrq dgrs gSaA IySlsUVk Hkzw.k ds iks"kd (nutrition) 'olu (respiration) rFkk mRltZu (excretion) esa lgk;rk djrk gSA
` j{k.k (parental care) ik;k tkrk gSA f'k'kq tUe ds ckn f'k'kqvksa dks eknk ds }kjk LRku xzfUFk;ksa
ls nqX/k (milk) fiyk;k tkrk gS rFkk mudk ikyu fd;k tkrk gSA

T
oxZ eSesfy;k ds thfor tUrqvksa dks nks mioxksZa (sub classes) esa oxhZd`r djrs gSa &
mioxZ (A) izksVksFkhfj;k (Sub class - Prototheria)
mioxZ (B) Fkhfj;k (Sub class - Theria)

-
-
-
E E
mioxZ (A) izksVksFkhfj;k (Sub class - Prototheria) -
o;Ld tUrq esa nar foghu J`axh pksap (teethless horny beak) ik;h tkrh gSa ysfdu f'k'kq voLFkk esa nkar mifLFkr gksrs gSaA
buesa “voLdj” (cloaca) ik;k tkrk gSA
buesa v.Ms cM+s (large) ihrd ;qDr (yolky) ,oa dofpr (shelled) gksrs gSaA
-
-
-
-
-
N
bu tUrqvksa esa Lru xzfUFk;ka pwpqd jfgr (with out nipples) gksrh gSaA
buesa “d.kZ iYyo” (Pinnae) vuqifLFkr gksrk gS vUr%d.kZ dk dkWfDy;k (cochlea) de dq.Mfyr gksrk gSA
;s vkaf'kd :i ls fu;rkih (partially homoithermic) tUrq gksrs gSaA
uj esa o`"k.k (testes) mnjxqgk (Abdomina cavity) esa fLFkr gksrs gSaA
efLr"d esa “dkWiZl & dSyksle” (corpus callosum) vuqifLFkr gksrk gSA
- bl lewg esa v.Ms nsu okys (egg laying) vkfne Lru/kkjh (primitive mammals) vkrs gSaA
- buesa “xkbusdksesfLVXe” (gynaecomastism) ik;h tkrh gS vFkkZr buesa uj rFkk eknk nksuksa esa Lru xzfUFk;ka lfØ;
gksrh gSaA pwpd vuqifLFkr gksrs gSA
- eknk esa v.Mokfgfu;ka (oviduct) i'p Hkkx ls lesfdr gksdj xHkkZ'k; (uterus) rFkk ;ksfu ugha cukrs gSaA
- bl mioxZ ds tUrq “vkLVªsfy;k” U;wxhuh rFkk rLekfu;k vkfn LFkkuksa ij ik;s tkrs gSaA

ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES

NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 2
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

bl mioxZ esa ,d gh x.k (order) vkrk gS &

x.k & eksuksfVªeVs k (Order - Montremata)
- buds v.Ms esxkysflFky ,oa DyhMksbd gksrs gSaA
- buesa voLdj fNnz ik;k tkrk gSA
- izksVksFkhfj;u (Prototherians) dks jsIVhfy;k rFkk eSefs y;k ds chp dh ;kstd dM+h dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k &
(a) “vkWfuZFkksfjaDl” (Ornithorhynchus) ;k “cÙk[k leku pksap IysVhil” (Duck billed platypus) uj IysVhil esa

M
fo"k xzfUFk;ka (poison gland) ik;h tkrh gSA
(b) “VsdhXyksll” (Tachyglossus) ;k “bfdMuk” (Echidna) ;k “daVdh; phaVh[kksj” (Spiny anteater)
(c) tsXyksll (Zaglossus)

-
mioxZ (B) “Fkhfj;k” (Sub class - Theria) –
o`"k.k o`"k.k dks"kksa esa fLFkrA
Hkwz.k IySlsUVk }kjk xHkkZ'k; ls tqM+k gksrk gSA

C O
.
-
- f'k'kq rFkk o;Ld nksuksa esa nkar ik;s tkrs gSaA

T
- tjk;qt (viviparous) tUrq gksrs gSaA

I
- eknk esa xHkkZ'k; rFkk ;ksfu (vagina) nksuksa mifLFkrA
d.kZ iYyo mifLFkrA

I
-
“Fkhfj;k” mioxZ dks nks & bUÝkDykl esa oxhZdr ` fd;k tkrk gS &
v/kksoxZ (1) “eSVkFkhfj;k” ;k “eklqZfi;Yl” (Infraclass (1) Metatheria or Marsupials)

-
T
v/kksoxZ (2) “;wFkhfj;k” (Infraclass (2) Eutheria)

E
v/kksoxZ (1) “eSVkFkhfj;k” ;k “eklqZfi;Yl” (Infraclass (1) Metatheria or Marsupials)
buesa voLdj (cloaca) vuqifLFkr gksrk gSA
-
-
-

-
N E
buesa f'k'u f}'kkf[kr (bifid) gksrk gS eknk esa nks ;kfu] nks DykbVksfjl] rFkk nks xHkkZ'k; ik;s tkrs gSaA
buesa cká d.kZ (external ear) ;k fiUuk mifLFkr gksrk gSA dkWiZl dSyksle de fodflr gksrk gSA
bu tUrqvksa esa “eklqZfi;e” (Marspium) uked ,d “mnj/kkuh” (abdominal pouch) gksrk gS ftlesa vifjiDo f'k'kq
(Immature young one) dk ifjo/kZu gksrk gSA
bu tUrqvksa dh o;Ld voLFkk esa nkar gksrs gSa tks “eksuksQk;ksMkW.V” (Monophyodont) rFkk “gsVsjksMks.V” (heterodont)
izdkj ds gksrs gSaA
- o`"k.k (testes) mnjxqgk ds ckgj o`"k.k dks"kksa esa f'k'u ds lkeus fLFkr gksrs gSaA
- budh Lru xzfUFk;ksa esa pwpqd (nipples) ik;s tkrs gSaA ;s Hkh “eklqZfi;e” ds vUnj fLFkr gksrs gSaA
- buesa “;ksd lsd” (yolk sac) IyslsUVk ik;k tkrk gSA
- “dkWfDy;k” (cochles) vf/kd dq.Mfyr gksrk gSA
- tUe ds ckn ;s uotkr f'k'kqvksa dks iw.kZ fodflr gksus rd eklqZfi;e esa j[krs gSaA
- ;s vkWLVªfs y;k] vesfjdk rFkk rLekfu;k esa ik;s tkrs gSaA
blesa flQZ ,d x.k gksrk gS &
ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES
NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 3
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

[x.k & eklqZfi;sfy;k (Order - Marsupialia)] -

y{k.k & esVkFkhfj;k leku
buesa vksoks & fofoisjl (ovo - viviparous) fLFkfr ikbZ tkrh gSA
mnkgj.k &
(a) esØksil (Macropus) - “daxk:” (kangaroo) vkWLVsfª y;k esa ik;k tkrk gSA
(b) “vkWiksle” (Opossum) - ;k “MkbMsyfQl” (Didelphys) vesfjdk esa
ik;k tkrk gSA
(c) Mlh;wjl (Dasyurus) - “Vkbxj - dsV” (Tiger - cat)

-
-
-
bUÝkDykl (2) ;wFkhfj;k (Infraclass (2) Eutheria)
efLr"d esas fodflr “dkWiZl dSyksle” (corpus callosum) ik;k tkrk gSA
xHkkZ'; ,oa ;ksfu dsoy ,d ,d mifLFkr gksrh gSA
“voLdj” vuqifLFkr gksrk gSA
O M
-
-
“ckád.kZ” esa “fiUuk” mifLFkr gksrk gSA

. C
;s okLrfod Lru/kkjh tUrq gSa tks fodflr f'k'kqvksa dks tUe nsrs gSaA

T
- ;s iw.kZr;k “fu;rrkih” (endothermic) tUrq gksrs gSaA
- o`"k.k mnj ds ckgj “o`"k.k dks"kksa” esa fLFkr gksrs gSaA
-
-
-

I I
buesa “okLrfod IyslsUVk” (True placenta) ik;k tkrk gSA tks “,sysUVks dksfj;ksfud IySlsUVk” izdkj dk gksrk gSA
LruxzfUFk;ksa esa “pwpqd” (nipples) lqfodflr gksrs gSaA
dkWfDy;k vR;kf/kd dq.Mfyr gksrk gSA ;s lalkj Hkj esa ik;s tkrs gSa vFkkZr “fo'oO;kih” (Cosmopolitan) gSA

E T
;wFkhfj;k bUÝkDykl dks 16 x.kksa esa ckaVk x;k gS &
vkWMZj (i) bUlsDVhoksjk (Insectivora) -
blesa lcls vk| o lcls NksVs (smallest) tUrq lfEefyr gksrs gSaA

E
- budk pyu IysUVhxzMs (plantigrade) gksrk gSA fcydkjh (Burrowing), jk=hpj rFkk dhVHk{kh (Insectivorous) tUrq gksrs gSaA
mnkgj.k :-
(a) gst gkWx “>kÅ pwgk” (Hedge hog) - ,fjusfl;l (Erinaceous)

N(b) lksjsDl “NqNUnj” (Sorex) - Jwt (shrews) - ;s lcls NksVs Lruh gksrs gSaA budk vkdkj yxHkx 3 bUp gksrk gSA
(c) 'kkWVZ Vsy eksy & (Short tailed mole) - VYik (Talpa)

vkWMZj (ii) MeksIZ Vsjk (Dermoptera) / flying lemurs -

bu izkf.k;ksa esa Ropk ds oyu ik;s tkrs gS tks ia[kksa dh Hkkafr dke dj bu izkf.k;ksa dh Gliding ds fy, mRrjnk;h gSA blls
;g izk.kh ,d isM+ ls nwljs isM+ ;k ,d 'kk[kk ls nwljh 'kk[kk rd Gliding djrs gSaA Ex. Galeopithecus = Flying Lemur
Order (iii) Chiroptera (True flying mammalas)
- ;s dhVHk{kh (Insectivorous) , Qykgkjh (frugivorous) ;k jDr pw"kd (Sanguivorous) gksrs gSaA
- buesa ia[k vxziknksa rFkk i'piknksa ds chp dh Ropk ds QSyus ls curs gSaA bl irys Roph; oyu dks iSaVfs t;e (Patagium)
dgrs gSaA
- blesa “mM+us okys Lruh” vkrs gSa ftUgsa pexknM+ (Bat) dgrs gSaA
ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES
NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 4
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

- buesa “bdksyksd's ku laosnh rU=k” (echolocation sensory system) ik;k tkrk gSA buds }kjk mM+rs le; rhoz
vkokt dh /ouh mRiUu dh tkrh gS vko`fr & 50,000 cycle/sec ekxZ esa mM+rs le; ck/kkvksa ls vkokt dh izfr/ouh
(echo) okil vkrh gSA bu izfr/ouh;ksa dk fu/kkZj.k djus ds fy, buesa “jkMkj ;k izfr/ouh rU=” gksrk gSA
- o`"k.k] mnj xqgk (Abdominal cavity) esa ik;s tkrs gSa o iztuu dky esa o`"k.k dks"k esa vk tkrs gSA
mnkgj.k &
(a) Vsjksil (Pteropus) - “¶ykbax QkWDl” (flying fox) ;g Qykgkjh (Frugivorous bat) gksrk gSA
(b) osLijfVyks (vespertilo) - dhVk gkjh pexknM+ bls “QhYVj ekbl” (filtter mice) dgrs gSaA
(c) MsLeksMl
~ (Desmodus) - “osEik;j cSV” (Vampire bat) - ;g “jDr pw"kd” (Sanguivorous) gksrk gSA

-
-
-
vkWMZj (iv) jksMsfU'k;k (Rodentia) -

;s NksVs] LFkyh; ,oa 'kkdkgkjh ;k lokZgkjh tUrq gksrs gSaA

blesa Hkkstu dks dqrj&dqrj dj [kkus okys (gnawing animal) tUrq lfEefyr gSaA
O M
bUlkbtj (insicer) nkar yxkrkj o`f¼ djrs gSaSA dsukbUl (Canines) vuqifLFkr gksrs gSa] Mk;LVsek ik;k tkrk gSA

C
- ;g “lcls cM+k vkWMZj” (Biggest order) gksrk gSA

.
mnkgj.k :-
(a) fxuh;k fix (Guinea pig) - dsfo;k (cavia)

T
(b) Mk;ksiksMkseht (Diopodomys) daxk: pwgkA ;g jsfxLrku esa jgrk gS rFkk ,d cwan Hkh ty ugha ihrkA

I
(c) “iksjD;wikbu” (Porcupine) - “fgfLVªDl” (Hystrix) lsgh - buds jkse] dohYl (quills) esa :ikUrfjr gks tkrs gSaA
(d) Qquecqye (Funambulus) - fxygjh
(e) jsV~l (Rattus) :- ?kjsyw pwgk

I
-
-
-
vkWMZj (v) “bMs.VsVk”

E T
(Edentata)

vxqafy;ka iatns kj gksrh gSaA

nkar vfodflr ;k vuqifLFkr
;k ,sUVbZVj &
;s dhVHk{kh tUrq gksrs gSa budh thHk iryh] yEch o fpifpih gksrh gSA

N E
o`"k.k LFkk;h :i ls mnj xqgk esa ik;k tkrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
(a) fefeZdksQx
s k (Myrmecophage) - “tkbUV ,sUV bVj”
(b) Mslhil ;k vkeZsfMyks (Dasypus or Armadillo)
(c) czsMhil (Bradypus) => vkjcksfj;y LyksFk
;g rhu [kqj okyk LyksFk gksrk gSA
(d) dksyksbil (Coloepus) - nks [kqj okyk LyksFk
vkWMZj (vi) “QksyhMksVk” (Pholidota) / 'kYdh phaVh [kksj
- dhVkgkjh tUrq gSA
- nkar vuqifLFkr] thHk yEch] cfgorZu'khyA
- Jaxh; IysV mifLFkrA
- u[kj eqMs+ gq, vkSj 'kfDr'kkyhA
- eSful] iSUxksfyu & 'kYdh phaVh [kksj (Manis /Pangolin) (Scaly anteater)
ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES
NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 5
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

vkWMZj (vii) “ySxksekWQkZ” (Lagomorpha) -

- jksMs.V~l ds leku Lru/kkjh
- iw.kZr;k 'kkdkgkjh
- dsukbUl vuqifLFkr] Mkb,sLVsek (diastema) ik;k tkrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
(a) ihdk (Pika) - iwaN jfgr [kjxks'k
(b) [kjgk (Hare) - yhil (Lepus)
(c) [kjxks'k (Rabbit) - vksfjDVksyx
S l (Oryctolagus)

-
-
-
vkWMZj (viii) dkWuhZoksjk (Carnivora) -
Lru xzafFk;ka mnj Hkkx esaA
xeu fMftVhxzMs [Digitigrade] izdkj dk gksrk gS

O M
Åijh vfUre izheksyj (Premolar) o fupyk igyk eksyj (Molar) ekal dks phjus ds fy, n`<+ gksrs gSaA bUgsa
“dkWjuSfl;y nkar” (Carnassial teeth) dgrs gSaA
-
-
dsukbUl (canines) lqfodflr
o`"k.k] o`"k.kdks"k esa fLFkrA
pqLr o 'kfDr'kkyh ekalkgkjh tUrq
. C
T
-
mnkgj.k &
(a) rsUnqvk & isUFksjk ikjMwl (Panthera pardus)
(b) Qksdk (Phoca) - 'khy

I I
(c) 'ksj (lion) - isUFksjk fyvks (Panthera leo) Hkkjro"kZ esa 'ksj vktdy xqtjkr ds dfB;kokM+ esa fxj taxyksa (Gir

T
forests) esa gh ik;k tkrk gSA
(d) ?kjsyw dqÙkk (domestic dog) - dsful QSfeysfjl (Canis familaris)

E
(e) HksfM+;k & “dsful Y;wil” (Canis lupus)
(f) phrk (cheetah) - “,dhuksuhDl” (Acinonyx) ;g tUrq Hkkjr ls yqIr gks pqdk gSA
(g) ykseM+h (Fox) - “oYihl csUxkysfUll” (Vulpes bengalensis)

N E
(h) ?kjsyw fcYyh & Qsfyl MksesfLVdl (Felis domesticus)
(i) usoyk & “gjisLVht” (Herpestes)
(j) tsyksil (Zalophus) - “leqnzh 'ksj” (sea lion)
(k) isUFksjk Vkbfxzl (Panthera tigris) - Vkbxj
;g “Hkkjr dk jk"Vªh; i'kq” (National animal of india) gksrk gSA
(l) okyjl & vksMkscsul (Odobanus)

vkWMZj (ix) flVsfl;k (Cetacea) -

- d.kZ iYyo (ear pinna) rFkk i'p ikn vuqifLFkr gksrs gSaA
- vxzikn pIiqvksa (Paddle like) esa ifjofrZr gksdj rSjus esa lgk;d gksrs gSaA
- 'kjhj jkse jfgr (hair less) rFkk xzfUFk jfgr (gland less) gksrk gSA
- ;s eNyh ds leku leqnzh Lru/kkjh (Marine mammals) gSaA
- nkar vuqifLFkr ;k gkseksMksUV (Homodont) gksrs gSaA

ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES

NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 6
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

- uj esa o`"k.k] mnj xqgk (Abdominal cavity) esa fLFkr gksrs gSaA eknk esa pwpqd mifLFkr gksrs gSaA
- Ropk ds uhps pchZ dk ,d eksVk rkijks/kd Lrj gksrk gS ftls “Cycj” (Blubber) dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k &
(a) “cSyhuksIVsjk eLdqyl” (Balaenoptera musculus) - “uhyh Ogsy” (Blue whale) ;g lcls cM+k (largest) rFkk
lcls Hkkjh (150 Vu) tUrq gksrk gSA (largest living animal) bldh yEckbZ 100 QhV rd gksrh gS bldh i`"Bh; lrg
uhyh o v/kjh; lrg ihyh gksrh gSA Hkzw.k esa nkar mifLFkr rFkk ;g IysDVksu Hk{kh gksrh gSA
(b) QkblsVj (Physeter) - “LieZ OgSy” (sperm whale)
(c) “fdyj & Ogsy” (killer whale) - vkWjfdul (Orcinus)

O M
(d) “MkWfYQu” (Dolphin) - IysVsfyLVk xsUxsfVdk (Platanista gangatica) ;g xaxk unh esa ik;h tkrh gSA
(e) NksVh OgSy (small whale) – iksjiksbtst Qkslhuk (Porpoises phocaena) LieZ Ogsy ds vkek'k; ls ,d fo'ks"k
izdkj dk dBksj inkFkZ dk L=kfor gksrk gS ftls “,Ecjxzhl” (ambergris) dgrs gSaA bldk mi;ksx lkasn;Z izlk/kuksa o
b=k cukus esa gksrk gSA

-
vkWMZj (x) & lkbjhfu;k (Sirenia) -
eq[k NksVk] FkwFku (muzzle) vkxs ls xksy nkUr NksVsA
iwaN ij vkM+k fQu (transverse fin)
. C
T
-
- vxzikn isMy (Paddle) ds :i esa rFkk i'p ikn vuqifLFkr
-
-
-
cká d.kZ vuqifLFkr
tyh; Lru/kkjh tUrq (Aquatic mammals)
uj esa cM+s xtnUr (tusk)
I I
T
- 'kkdkgkjh tUrq
mnkgj.k :-

E
(a) M~;wxkax (Dugong) - leqnzh&xk; (Sea cow) ;k Mantees
(b) gsyhdksj (Helicore) - yky lkxj esa ik;h tkrh gSA

E
vkWMZj (xi) V~;wcwyhMsUVsVk (Tubulidenatata) -
- 'kjhj NksVk] lqvj ds vkdkj dk gksrk gSA
rq.M yEck rFkk uykdkj eq[kA

N
-
- d.kZ iYyo cM+s rFkk thHk nhed vkfn dhVksa dks fpidkus esa l{keA
- jkf=pj tUrqA
mnkgj.k :-
(a) vkMZokdZ (Aardwark) ;k vkWfjDVsjksil (Orycteropus) - vÝhdk esa ik;k tkrk gSA

vkWMZj (xii) - izkcs kslhfM;k (Proboscidea) -

- d.kZ iYyo cgqr cM+s] ia[ks ln`';A
- 'kkdkgkjh tUrq] dSukbUl vuqifLFkrA
- LFkyh; tUrqvksa esa vktdy ik;s tkus okys lcls cM+s o Hkkjh Hkjde tUrqA
- yEch is'kh; lwaM (proboscis) tks Åijh gksB rFkk ukfldk dk Hkkx gSA
- Åijh bUlkbtj] cgqr yEcs uykdkj xtnUrksa (tusks) ds ;i esa ckgj fudys gq;sA
ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES
NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 7
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

- Ropk eksVh o <hyh] cky deA

- o`"k.k] “mnj xqgk” esa fLFkr gksrs gSaA
- eksyj nkar “yksQksMksUV” (Lophodont) izdkj ds gksrs gSaA
mnkgj.k &
(a) Hkkjrh; gkFkh (Indian elephant) - ,fyQl (Elephas)
(b) yksDlksMksUVk (Loxodonta) :- vfÝdh gkFkh ;g lcls cM+k LFkyh;
tUrq gksrk gSA (largest living land animal)
vkWMZj (xiii) - “gk;jsdkW;fM;k” (Hyracoidea) -
-
-
-
[kjxks'k tSls NksVs 'kkdkgkjh tUrqA
;s IysfUVxzsM (plantigrade) tUrq gksrs gSaA
vaxfq y;ksa dh la[;k vxziknksa esa 4 o i'piknksa esa 3 gksrh gSA
mnkgj.k &
(a) gkbjsDl (Hyrax) - ,f'k;k o vfÝdk esa tkus okykA
O M
. C
vkWMZj (xiv) vkfVZvksMsDVkbyk (Artiodactyla) - vxqfy;ksa dh la[;k
le = 2 ;k 4
-

I T
budk vkek'k; 4 d{kks dk cuk gksrk gSA [(i) Abomasum (ii) Omasum
(iii) Reticulum (iv) Rumen] blls budks tqxkyh (Ruminating) esa

I
lgk;rk feyrh gSA vFkkZr~ leLr :ehusUV tUrq dsoy lwvjrFkk
fgIiksiksVes l (Non Ruminent) dks NksM+dj

T
- nkar de] gjh ?kkl o ifÙk;ksa dks pckus ds fy, mi;ksftrA
- Vkaxs yEch] 2 ;k 4 fØ;k'khy vaxqfy;ka tks [kqj (hoofs) ds :i esa
gksrh gSaA
mnkgj.k &

E E
(a) HksM+ (Sheep) - vksfol (ovis)
(b) cSy (Ox) - cksl bUMhdl (Bose indicus)
(c) ÅWaV & dsehyl (Camelus). blesa dsUnzd ;qDr (nucleated R.B.C)

N
ik;kh tkrh gSA
(d) cdjh (goat) - dsizk (Capra)
(e) xk; & cksl bUMhdl (Bos indicus)
(f) fgju (deer) - lsjol (Cervus)
(g) uhyxk; & ckslysil (Boselaphus)
(h) ftjkQ &dsesyksikjMsfyl (lcls cM+k ân;)
(i) HkSal & cqcsyl cqcsyl (Bubalus - bubalus)
(j) ;kd (yalk) - ckslE;wVl (Bose mutus)
(k) dLrwjh e`x (musk deer) - ekWldl eksLdhQsjl (Moschus moschiferus) blesa lcls NksVh (smallest) R.B.C
ik;h tkrh gSA

ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES

NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 8
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

vkWMZj (xv) isfjlksMsDVkbyk (perissodactyla) - vxqafy;ksa dh la[;k fo"ke = 1 ;k 3

- 'kkdkgkjh tUrq
- Vkaxs] yEch ftuesa 1 ;k 3 vaxqfy;ksa [kqjksa (hooves) ds :i esa ftuls rst nksM+us dh lkeF;Z gksrh gSA
- dsukbUl NksVs ;k vuqifLFkrA
- xeu ds le; rhljh vaaxqyh gh Hkwfe dks Li'kZ djrh gSA
- lhax (horns) vuqifLFkr gksrs gSA
- xeu ds le; rhljh vaxqyh gh Hkwwfe dks Li'kZ djrh gSA
mnkgj.k &
(a) x/kk & bDol ,slhul (Equas asinus)
(b) tsczk (Zebra) - bDol tsckz (Equas zebra)
(c) ?kksM+k & bZDol dscsyl (Equas caballus)

O M
(d) lhax (Rhino) - jkbuksfljl ;wuhdksjuhl (Rhinoceros unicornis) ;g vklke esa ik;k tkrk gSA bldk lhax

C
QsjsfVu ;qDr Ropk dk cuk gksrk gSA jkse iwaN ds fljs ij rFkk fiUuk ij ik;s tkrs gSaA nks lhax okyk xsaMk (Two horned)

.
(1) Mkbfljksjkbul (Dicerorhinus) - bUMksusf'k;k dk
(2) MkbfljkslckbdkWfuZl (Dicerosbicornis) - ;g vfÝdk esa ik;k tkrk gSA

-
-
-
o`"k.k 'kjhj ls ckgj o`"k.k dks"k esa fLFkrA

I I T
vkWMZj (xvi) “izkbesV~l” (Primates) - [1. Primus = of the first sank]

gkFk iSj dkQh yEcs] vaxqfy;ka 5 rFkk uk[kwu (nail) ;qDrA eq[;r% o`{kkJ;h rFkk LFkyh;A
lokZf/kd fodflr LruhA blds vUrxZr lcls cqf¼eku tUrq tSls & euq";] cUnj] ysejq ] ,sIl] fxCcu] xksfjYyk] fpEist
a h

T
vkfn lfEefyr gSaA
- ckbuksdwyj (Binocular vision) n`f"VA

E
- lsjhcze vR;kf/kd fodflrA
mnkgj.k &

E
- ysewj
- yksfjl
- Vkjfl;lZ

N- fxCcu (Gibbon) - gk;ykscsV~l (Hylobates) – “;g lcls NksVk (smallest apes) dfi” gksrk gSA
- xksfjYyk (Gorilla) - ;g lcls cM+k dfi gksrk gSA (largest apes)
- lsEuksihFksdl (Semnopithecous) - yaxwj
- u;s ;qx dk cUnj & IysVjkbuh (Platrrhini - Spider monkey)
- iqjkus ;qx dk cUnj & jhll (Rhesus) (yky eqWag dk cUnj)
- fpEisth (Chimpanze) - iku (pan) – ;g lcls cqf¼eku dfi (Most intelligent in apes) gksrk gSA
- vkWjx ÅVku & (Orang utan) - iksUxks & bls taxy dk vkneh (Man of Forest) dgrs gSaA
- euq"; (gkseks lsfi;Ul) bR;kfnA

ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES

NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 9
- Download our android App.
NEETIIT.COM - Download our android App.

1. , ,

2.

3.
.

O M ,

4. Two One

. C One Two

5. 3-
4-

I I T 4- 4-

T
6. R.B.C. , , , ,

7.

8.

E E Spongy Spongy

9.

10.
N Present
,

Present
1 1

Present
3

11.
(poikilothermous) (poikilothermous) (homoiothermous) (homoiothermous)

12.

ANIMAL TAXONOMY-II : OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION, NON-CHORDATES & CHORDATES

NEETIIT.COM - Free NEET & IIT Study Meterial & Papers Page - 10
- Download our android App.