PREFACE

Thank to Almighty God who has given His bless to the writer for finishing the
English Phonology and Phonetics paper assignment entitled “Javanese Language”. The
writer also wish to express his deep and sincere gratitude for those who have guided in
completing this paper. This English paper contains some example of English Phonetic
and Phonology to improve our knowledge. Hopefully, this paper can help the readers to
expand our knowledge about English Phonetic and Phonology in Javanese.

Manado, May 2018

Author

i
 LIST OF CONTENT

PREFACE ......................................................................................................................... i
LIST OF CONTENT ......................................................................................................ii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION.................................................................................... 1
1.1. Phonology & Phonetic ...................................................................................... 1
1.2. History of Javanese Language......................................................................... 1
1.2.1. Old Javanese .............................................................................................. 1
1.2.2. Middle Javanese ........................................................................................ 2
1.2.3. New Javanese ............................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION.......................................................................................... 4
2.1 Vowels ................................................................................................................ 4
2.2 Consonants ........................................................................................................ 5
2.3 A. Dipthongs...................................................................................................... 7
2.3.1 Dipthong Rise (Rising Dipthongs) ........................................................... 7
2.3.2 Dipthong Down (Downing Dipthongs) .................................................... 7
B. Consonants Cluster .............................................................................................. 8
2.4 Classification of Phoneme ................................................................................ 8
2.5 Minimal Pair ................................................................................................... 11
2.6 Distinctive Feature ......................................................................................... 11
2.7 Syllable ............................................................................................................ 13
CHAPTER III CONCLUSION ................................................................................... 14
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 16
APPENDIX .................................................................................................................... 17

ii
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1. Phonology & Phonetic

Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization
of sounds in languages. It has traditionally focused largely on the study of
the systems of phonemes in particular languages (and therefore used to be also
called phonemics, or phonematics), but it may also cover any linguistic analysis either at
a level beneath the word (including syllable, onset and rime, articulatory gestures,
articulatory features, mora, etc.) or at all levels of language where sound is considered
to be structured for conveying linguistic meaning.
Phonetics (pronounced /fəˈnɛtɪks/) is the branch of linguistics that studies
the sounds of human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects
of sign.[1] It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds or signs
(phones): their physiological production, acoustic properties, auditory perception, and
neurophysiological status. Phonology, on the other hand, is concerned with the
abstract, grammatical characterization of systems of sounds or signs.

1.2. History of Javanese Language

1.2.1. Old Javanese
While evidence of writing in Java dates to the Sanskrit
"Tarumanegara inscription" of 450 AD, the oldest example written entirely in Javanese,
called the "Sukabumi inscription", is dated 25 March 804. This inscription, located in
the district of Pare in the Kediri regency of East Java, is actually a copy of an original
that is about 120 years older; only this copy has been preserved. Its contents concern the
construction of a dam for an irrigation canal near the river Śrī Hariñjing (present-day
Srinjing). This inscription is the last known of its kind to be written using Pallava script;
all extant subsequent examples are written using Javanese script. The 8th and 9th
centuries are marked by the emergence of the Javanese literary tradition – with Sang
Hyang Kamahayanikan, a Buddhisttreatise; and the Kakawin Rāmâyaṇa, a Javanese
rendering in Indian metres of the Vaishnavist Sanskrit epic Rāmāyaṇa. Although
Javanese as a written language appeared considerably later than Malay (extant in the 7th
century), the Javanese literary tradition has been continuous from its inception. The

1
oldest works – such as the Kakawin Rāmâyaṇa and a Javanese rendering of the
Indian Mahābhārata epic – are studied assiduously today. The expansion of Javanese
culture, including Javanese script and language, began in 1293 with the eastward push
of the Hindu–Buddhist East-Javanese Empire Majapahit, toward Madura and Bali. The
Javanese campaign in Bali in 1363 had a deep and lasting impact, and Javanese replaced
Balinese as the language of administration and literature. Though the Balinese people
preserved much of the older literature of Java and even created their own in Javanese
idioms, Balinese ceased to be written until a 19th-century restoration.

1.2.2. Middle Javanese

The Majapahit Empire saw the rise of Middle Javanese as effectively a new
language, intermediate between Old and New Javanese, though Middle Javanese is
similar enough to New Javanese to be understood by anyone who is well acquainted
with current literary Javanese. The Majapahit Empire fell due to internal disturbances in
the Paregreg civil war, thought to have occurred in 1405 and 1406, and attacks
by Islamic forces of the Sultanate of Demak on the north coast of Java. There is a
Javanese chronogram concerning the fall that reads "sirna ilang krĕtaning bumi"
("vanished and gone was the prosperity of the World"), indicating the date 1478 AD,
giving rise to a popular belief that Majapahit collapsed in 1478, though it may have
lasted into the 16th century. This was the last Hindu Javanese empire.

2
1.2.3. New Javanese
In the 16th century a new era in Javanese history began with the rise of the
Islamic Central Javanese Mataram Sultanate, originally a vassal state of Majapahit.
Ironically, the Mataram Empire rose as an Islamic kingdom that sought revenge for the
demise of the Hindu Majapahit Empire by first crushing Demak, the first Javanese
Islamic kingdom. Javanese culture spread westward as Mataram conquered many
previously Sundanese areas in western parts of Java; and Javanese became the dominant
language in more than a third of this area. As with Balinese, the Sundanese language
ceased to be written until the 19th century. In the meantime it was heavily influenced by
Javanese, and some 40% of Sundanese vocabulary is believed to have been derived
from Javanese. Though Islamic in name, the Mataram II empire preserved many
elements of the older culture, incorporating them into the newly adopted religion. This
is why Javanese script is still in use, as opposed to the writing of Old Malay for
example. After the Malays were converted, they dropped their form of indigenous
writing and changed to a form of the "script of the Divine", the Arabic script. In
addition to the rise of Islam, the 16th century saw the emergence of the New Javanese
language. The first Islamic documents in Javanese were already written in New
Javanese, although still in antiquated idioms and with numerous Arabic loanwords. This
is to be expected: these early New Javanese documents are Islamic treatises. Later,
intensive contacts with the Dutch and with other Indonesians gave rise to a simplified
form of Javanese and an influx of foreign loanwords.

3
 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

Based on the search we will discuss about Vowel, Cosonants, Dipthong, Cluster,
Classification of Phoneme, Minimal Pair, Distinctive Feature and Vocabulary.

2.1 Vowels
In this part, we would like to explain about the vowels that Javanese language has.
Vowels are sounds produced by air released from the lungs through the mouth without
any obstacles. Vowel phonemes are divided into 3, namely:
Based on tongue position
a.Vocals open, if the tongue is in low position. For example sound [a].
b.Vocal medium, if the tongue is in the middle position. For example sound [e],
[ɛ], [ə], [ɔ], and [o].
c.Vocal high, if the tongue is in the top position. For example the sound [i], [u]
Based on the shape of the lips
a. The round vowel, is if the shape of the lips mrmuratat. Examples are vowels [ɔ],
[u], and [o].
b.Val not round, is if the shape of the lips widened. Examples are in the sounds [e],
[ɛ], [i], and [a].
c. Neutral vowel, is if the shape of the lips not round and not widened. An
example is a vowel [ɑ].
Based on the level of mouth opening
According to Daniel Jones, there are eight cardinal vowels, which are articulated
with tongues and lips in a fixed position, namely four front vocals and four back vowels.
The eight vowels are [i], [e], [ɛ], [a], [ɑ], [ɔ], [o], and [u]. while the phoneme of
Javanese Language.
Java vowel phonemes can be explained as follows:
1) / i / is a closed, front-bleached vowel produced by the position of the front
tongue almost touching the ceiling with both lips slightly stretched to the side.
2) / e / is a rather closed vowel being strong front-takbundar which is produced
with the leaves of the tongue raised and accompanied by a neutral lips form, meaning
not split and also not rounded.

4
 3) / ə / is the mid-circular vowel or the semi-enclosed central pending vowel
produced by raising the center of the tongue with neutral lips.
4) / a / is the low-weak middle-open vowel or the short half-open central vowel
produced with the neutral lips.
5) / ͻ / ie a moderate open-to-weak, rear-to-back or a short open rear vowel
produced with less circular or less rounded lips.
6) / o / ie a moderately tight, back-to-back vowel produced with a rounded lip
shape.
7) / u / ie the tightly closed back-to-back vowel produced by leaving the back of
the tongue with the second position of the lips slightly forward and slightly rounded.
Javanese vowels consist of seven vowels, namely [i], [e], [ə], [a], [ɔ], [u], and [o].
according to Uhlenback, the sound [ɔ] is a phoneme allophone [a].
Front Central Back

Closed i u

Half closed e ə o

Half open (ɛ) (ɔ)

Open a

In closed syllables the vowels /i u e o/ are pronounced [ɪ ʊ ɛ ɔ] respectively. In

open syllables, /e o/ are also [ɛ ɔ] when the following vowel is /i u/ in an open syllable;
otherwise they are /ə/, or identical (/e...e/, /o...o/). In the standard dialect of
Surakarta, /a/ is pronounced [ɔ] in word-final open syllables, and in any open
penultimate syllable before such an[ɔ].

2.2 Consonants

Our next discussion after the vowels is the consonants. These are the consonants
of Javanese language according to our recources.

Consonants are sounds that arise from air coming out of the lungs through the oral
cavity or nasal cavity. Air coming out of the nasal cavity will produce nasal sound,
while air coming out of the oral cavity will experience obstacles, shear, and touch of
tongue or lips in accordance with the articulation area.

Based on the articulation area, the sound is divided into:

5
 The bilabial sound, is the sound of the language produced by both lips. Produces
sounds [b] and [p], [m], and [w].
 Dental / alveolar sound, is the sound of the language produced by the leaves of the
tongue attached to the tooth / gums front of the inside. Produces sounds [d], [t], [s],
[n], [r], and [l].
 Retroflex, is the sound produced by the release of the tip of the lower tongue that
attaches or touches the hard palate because of the airflow from the lungs. produce
sounds [ɖ] and [ʈ].
 Palatal sound, is the sound produced by the release of the tongue leaf attached to
the hard palate accompanied by the blast of air from the lungs. Produces sounds
[j], [c], [z], [ʃ], [ɲ], dann [y].
 Velar sound, is the sound produced by the throat cavity. Produces sounds [g], [k],
[x], and [ŋ].
 A glottic sound produces sounds [v] and [f].

Labial Dental/ Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal

Alveolar

Nasal ɳ ɲ ŋ
m

Stop/ p b̥ t̪ d̪ ʈ ɖ̥ tʃ dʒ̊ k ɡ̊ ʔ

Affricate

Fricative ʂ h

Approximant j w

(Lateral) ɭ

Rhotic ɽ

6
 The Javanese "voiced" phonemes are not in fact voiced but voiceless,
with breathy voice on the following vowel. The relevant distinction in phonation of the
plosives is described as stiff voice versus slack voice. A Javanese syllable can have the
following form: CSVC, where C = consonant, S = sonorant (/j/, /r/, /l/, /w/, or any nasal
consonant), and V = vowel. As with other Austronesian languages, native Javanese
roots consist of two syllables; words consisting of more than three syllables are broken
up into groups of disyllabic words for pronunciation. In Modern Javanese, a disyllabic
root is of the following type: nCsvVnCsvVC. Apart from Madurese, Javanese is the
only language of Western Indonesia to possess a distinction
between dental and retroflex phonemes.[7] The latter sounds are transcribed as "th" and
"dh" in the modern Roman script, but previously by the use of an underdot: "ṭ" and "ḍ".

2.3 A. Dipthongs
Now we’ll explain about the next crucial part of generally every languages, and
particularly in Javanese language. Here are the diphthongs that Javanese language has.
2.3.1 Dipthong Rise (Rising Dipthongs)
Dipthong ride is if the second vowel is pronounced with tongue position higher
than the first. Because the tongue is rising, the stricture becomes more and more closed,
so the dipthong is also called the dipthong closing. Dipthong ride Javanese there is 1
dipthong ride. In affective words or words of value in Javanese sense of flavor, the dip
up-cover-ui, for example in the words: uijo 'very green', uireng 'very black'.
2.3.2 Dipthong Down (Downing Dipthongs)

There are four types of dipthong down, namely :

1. Dipthong down-open-forward [ua], for example in: adoh (remote).

2. Dipthong down-open-forward [uΣ], for example in: elek (very ugly), light (light).
3. Dipthong down-open-backward [u (c upside down)], for example in: loro (ill)
4. Dipthong down-open-centered [u∂mas], for example in: soft (soft), lemu (fat).

Analysis of diphthongs in Javanese :

1) Diftong ai = Rai: face

2) Diftong ae = Kae: that
3) Diftong au = Tau: ever
4) Diftong oe = Koe: you
5) Diftong ao = Taon: year
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 6) Diftong ue = Sue: old
7) Diftong ie = Mbien: first

B. Consonants Cluster
In this part we’d like to explain to all of you, the readers, about the cluster of
Javanese language.
Clusters are two distinct fibrous consonants and form one unity. Clusters in the
Javanese language there are some as follows:
1. Nd: Ndelok = See , Ndue = Have
2. Nr: Nrabas = Shorcut
3. Kr: Krungu = Hear
4. Sw: Swiwi = Wings
5. Kl: Klopo = Coconut
6. Dh: Wedhus = Goat
7. Dr: Driji = Finger
8. Mr: Mrico = Pepper
9. Ml: Mlaku = Walk
10. Mb: Mburi = Back

2.4 Classification of Phoneme

Phoneme is the smallest unit that can distinguish meaning. This is the
classification of phoneme in Javanese language. Based on the search, we found about
the Classification of Phoneme:

8
 - Vowels
Phoneme Front Middle Back

/i/ /iki/ /gila/ /pariɔ/

/I/ - /jalI/ -

/e/ /enaʔ/ /lele/ /sore/

/ɛlɛʔ/ /bɛbɛʔ/ -
/ɛ
/əntup/ /antəm/ -
/ə/
/ɔnɔ/ /ɔkɔl/ /lɔrɔ/
/ɔ/

/o/ /ogah/ /bocah/ /loro/

/awak/ /jaran/ /ora/

/a/
- /abʊh/ -
/ʊ/
/urip/ /gulɔ/ /utuh/
/u/

- Consonants

Pronounce Bilabial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal

Consonantal V b D ɖ j g
VL p T ʈ c k ʔ
Fricative V z*
VL S ʃ** x h
Nasal V m N ɲ ŋ
Trill V R
Lateral V L
Semi Vowel V w y

V: Voice VL: Voiceless

9
Examples:

Consonant / b /

Voice: / balong /: bone Voiceless: / kalong /: necklace

Consonant / c /

Voice: / coro /: way Voiceless: / cͻrͻ /: cockroaches

Consonant / d /

Voice: / dino /: day Voiceless: / cino /: china

Consonant / g /

Voice: / gulo /: sugar Voiceless: / ulo /: snake

Consonant / j /

Voice: / wok /: place to fry

Consonant / k /

Voice: / sticky rice /: sticky rice Voiceless: / etan /: east

Consonant / l /

Voice: / lambe /: lips Voiceless: / rambe /: rambe fruit

Consonant / m /

Voice: / moro /: coming Voiceless: / loro /: sick

Consonant / n /

Voice: / nemu /: can Voiceless: / lemu /: fat

Consonant R

Voice: / rebo /: Wednesday Voiceless: / kebo /: buffalo

Consonant / p /

Voice: / pentoŋ /: clock Voiceless: / entok /: cocoon

Consonant / s /

Voice: / setu /: Saturday Voiceless: / metu /: exit

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 Consonant / t /

Voice: / tar / /: chicken nest

Consonants / w /

Voice: / wedang /: drink Voiceless: / edaŋ /: visit

2.5 Minimal Pair

Javanese language also has some minimal pairs, and we’ll explain it all in this part.
Minimal pairs are pairs of words or phrases in a particular language that differ in only
one phonological element, such as a phoneme, toneme or chroneme, and have distinct
meanings. Examples:
- /loro/ : sick , /lɔro/ : two
- /mbak/ : sister , /mbah/ : grand mother
- /nemu/ : find , /lemu/ : fat
- /gulu/ : neck , /wulu/ : fur
- /kere/ : poor , /kene/ : can
2.6 Distinctive Feature

Distinctive feature is the most basic unit of phonological structure that may be
analyzed in phonological theory. Distinctive features are grouped into categories
according to the natural classes of segments they describe: major class features,
laryngeal features, manner features, and place features.

Table of Some Features of Javanese Vowels

Features a i u e o ə ị
High - + + - - - -
Mid - - - + + - -
Low + - - - - + +
Back + - + - + - -
Central - - - - - - -
Round - - + - + - -
Tense + + - + + + +

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Table of Features of Some Javanese Consonants

Features b c d g j k l m n p r S t w y z ŋ
Consonant + - + + - + + + + + + + + - - - +
al
Sonorant - - - - + - + - - - + - - + - - +
Syllabic - - - - - - -/+ -/+ - - -/+ - - - - - -
/+ /+
Nasal - - - - - - - + + - - - - - - - +
Voiced - - + + + - + + - - + - - + - - +
Continuant - - - - + - + - - - + + - + - - -
Labial + - - - - - - + - + - - - + - - -
Alveolar - - + - - - + - + - + + + - - - -
Palatal - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - -
Anterior + - + - - - + + + + + + + - - - -
Velar - - - + - + - - - - - - - + - - +
Coronal - - + - + - + - + - + + + - - - -
Sibilant - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - -

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 2.7 Syllable

We have found the resources about the syllables of Javanese Language and we’d
gladly explain it in this part. But first of all, what is syllable?

A syllable is a phonological unit composed of one or more phonemes. Every

syllable has a nucleus, which is usually a vowel (but which may be a syllabic liquid or
nasal). The nucleus may be preceed and/or followed by one or more phonemes called
the syllable onset and coda.

Examples:

• Dolan (Walk)

σ σ

onset rhyme onset rhyme

nucleus nucluse coda

d o l a n

• Weteng (stomach)

σ σ

onset rhyme onset rhyme

nucleus nucluse coda

w e t e ng

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 CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION

In this material we can discuss about the writing of Javanese language that still
often experience mistakes, caused by the lack of public understanding of the writing of
its own language. In a cognate language, different writing on a word will affect the
meaning of a word. If the wording is different, then the meaning of course is different.
So it can be concluded that different writing will affect the meaning contained in a
word.

Phonology is a branch of linguistics that examines the sounds of language, the

process of its formation and its transformation. Phonology examines the sound of
language in general and functional. The term phoneme can be defined as the smallest
unit of language that is functional, meaning that the unit of phoneme has a function to
distinguish meaning. The phoneme variant is based on the position in the word, eg the
first phoneme in the word eat and the meaning is phonetically different. Variation of a
phoneme that does not distinguish the meaning is called allophones.

Phonetic studies are divided into the classification of sounds that most of the
sounds of Java language is an egressive sound. And the second is the formation of
vowels, consonants, diphthongs, and clusters. In the case of phonetic studies, there is a
need for phonemization aimed at finding sounds that function in order to differentiate
that meaning. Thus the phonemization is aimed at Determining the phonemic structure
of a language, and Create a practical orthography or spelling of a language.

The phonetic nature of Javanese is to study, investigate, and analyze the earning,
delivery and acceptance of speech / language sounds used in Javanese speech without
regard to its function as a differentiator of meaning in Javanese language involving the
analysis of fiscal science and anatomy and psychology. The phonemic nature of
Javanese is phonemic is the sound of language that distinguishes the meaning of words
and meanings in Javanese. Then classification of phonetics in the Java language there
are vowel phonemes, consonants, diphthongs and clusters that examine the Java
language in everyday life.

14
 The Javanese language has a rule of vocabulary difference and intonation based
on the relationship between the speaker and the other person, known as the uploads.
This linguistic aspect has a strong social influence in Javanese culture, and makes the
Javanese usually very aware of their social status in society. Each language has a
distinctive sound that is influenced by geography and language development in a
society.

Symptoms of Javanese phonology include the addition of phonemes, phoneme

removal, phoneme changes, contractions, analogies, suprasegmental phonemes. At the
word level, pressure, duration, and tone in the Indonesian language do not distinguish
meaning. However, pronunciation of words is distorted in terms of pressure, and the
tone feels awkward.

15
 REFERENCES

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javanese_language

http://effendyhafid.blogspot.co.id/

http://hanifrahma.blogspot.co.id/2013/11/makalah-fonologi-bahasa-jawa.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_pair

https://setyonugroho7.wordpress.com/2013/12/15/transkripsi-fonetis/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonetics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonology

Purwadadi. 2017. Tata Bahasa Jawa. Yogyakarta: Pura Pustaka

16
 APPENDIX

 Vocabulary

No Javanese Word Phonetic Transcription Meaning

1 Sapa /sͻpͻ/ Who

2 Kaya /kͻyͻ/ Rich

3 Ana /ͻnͻ/ Available

4 Dolan /dɔlan/ Road

5 Cerito /tʃəritɔ/ Story

6 Surga /surgɔ/ Heaven

7 Kelopo /kəlɔpɔ/ Coconut

8 Mesjid /mədʒid/ Mosque

9 Wong /wɔŋ/ People

10 Ngomah /ŋɔmah/ House

11 Sampe /sampe/ Until

12 Mangan /maŋan/ Eat

13 Duso /dusɔ/ Sin

14 Mula /mulɔ/ Start

15 Geger /gəgər/ Back

16 Kene /kene/ Here

17 Bojo /bodʒo/ Wife

18 Akeh /akeh/ Many

17
19 Asale /asale/ Origin

20 Biyen /bijen/ Past

21 Kabeh /kabeh/ All

22 Kerjo /kərdʒɔ/ Work

23 Djnenge /dʒəneŋe/ Name

24 Awu /awu/ Ash

25 Konco /kɔncɔ/ Friend

26 De’e /dɛ'ɛ/ He/She

27 Kenek /kenɛʔ/ Can

28 Tuek /tuɛʔ/ Old

29 Banyu /baɲu/ Water

30 Legi /ləgiː/ Sweet

31 Kiwo /kiwok/ Left

32 Reget /reget/ Dirty

33 Weteng /weteŋ/ Stomach

34 Pundak /pundak/ Shoulder

35 Sirah /ʃirah/ Hat

36 Irung /irʊng/ Nose

37 Guyu /ŋguju/ Laugh

38 Ngumbe /ŋumbə/ Drink

39 Krungu /kruŋu/ Hear

18
40 Kuping /kupəng/ Ear

41 Turu /turuh/ Sleep

42 Ngimpi /ɲimpik/ Dream

43 Moto /mɔtɔ/ Eyes

44 Lungguh /lʊŋguh/ Sit

45 Urip /ʊrip/ Life

46 Sinau /sinaʊ/ Learn

47 Milih /mələh/ Choose

48 Abuh /abɔh/ Swollen

49 Tutup /tɔtɔp/ Close

50 Buka /bukak/ Open

51 Tibo /tibɔh/ Fall

52 Swiwi /swiwɪh/ Wing

53 Mabrung /ɱabruŋ/ Fly

54 Kembang /kembaŋ/ Flower

55 Boso /bosɔk/ Rotten

56 Suket /sukət/ Grass

57 Lemah /ləmah/ Land

58 Uyah /ujah/ Salt

60 Alas /alas/ Forest

61 Udan /ʊðan/ Rain

19
62 Adem /adəm/ Cold

63 Garing /garəɲ/ Dry

64 Teles /teləs/ Wet

65 Geni /gəni/ Fire

66 Abot /abɔt͡ʃ / Heavy

67 Kobong /kɔbon/ Burn

68 Ireng /irən/ Black

69 Abang /abaŋ / Red

70 Ijo /ijɔ/ Green

71 Gede /gədɘ/ Big

72 Cilik /cilik/ Little

73 Cendek /cənd͡ʒk/ Short

74 Dowo /ðowo/ Tall

75 Kandel /kanðel/ Thick

76 Ciut /ciyʊt/ Narrow

77 Jembar /jeɱbar/ Wide

78 Anyar /aɲjar/ New

79 Apik /apik/ Good

80 Bengi /bəŋi/ Night

81 Isuk /isʊk/ Morning

82 Singit /siŋgit/ Hide

20
83 Munggah /muŋgah/ Up

84 Mudun /muðun/ Down

85 Cedek /cəðek/ Near

86 Kowe /kɔwe/ You

87 Itung /ŋituŋ/ Count

88 Siji /sitʃi/ One

89 Papat /papat/ Four

90 Telu /təlu/ Three

91 Loro /lorɔ/ Two

92 Piye /piyə/ How

93 Umpama /uɱpama/ Example

94 Jupuk /ɲjupuk/ Take

95 Dino /ðino/ Day

96 Isin /iʃin/ Shy

97 Mili /məleh/ Flow

98 Watu /watʊh/ Stone

99 Godong /gɔdoŋ/ Leaf

100 Iwak /iwak/ Fish

101 Semot /səmʊt/ Ant

102 Alus /alus/ Smooth

103 Beling /bəliŋg/ Glass

21
104 Mundur /mɔndor/ Backward

105 Tuku /tuku/ Buy

106 Wulu /wulu/ Fur

107 Taun /taʊn/ Year

108 Durung /dɔron/ Not Yet

109 Gendeng /gəndəŋ/ Crazy

110 Eman /emaɲ/ Pity

111 Entek /əntek/ Exhausted

112 Mlebu /ɱlebu/ Sign In

113 Metu /mətu/ Sign Out

114 Golek /gɔlek/ Search

115 Kanggo /kaŋgo/ Important

116 Ora /ɔra/ No

117 Loroh /loro/ Sick

118 Dolor /ðɔlor/ Sibling

119 Ngomong /ŋgomoŋ/ Talk

120 Kalong /kalɔŋ/ Reduced

121 Gelo /gəlo/ Upset

122 Jero /jəro/ Under

123 Lambe /lambe/ Mouth

124 Moro /mɔrɔ/ Come

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125 Nemu /nəmu/ Find

126 Lemu /ləmu/ Fat

127 Numpak /nʊmpak/ Up

128 Nandi /nanði/ Where

129 Ndelok /ɲdəlok/ See

130 Wedhus /wəðhus/ Goat

131 Driji /driji/ Fingers

132 Ambruk /aɱbruk/ Collapse

133 Rebo /rəbʊ/ Wednesday

134 Strum /sətrum/ Electricity

135 Satru /satru/ Fight

136 Lading /laðəŋg/ Knife

137 Mandek /manðək/ Stop

138 Menthol /mənθol/ Swollen

139 Gulu /gulu/ Neck

140 Sikil /sekəl/ Foot

141 Mrico /mricɔ/ Pepper

142 Nyilih /ɲyeleh/ Borrow

143 Jaluk /ɲjaluk/ Request

144 Jiwet /ɲjewet / Pinch

145 Pereng /pərɘn/ Plate

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146 Kere /kerə/ Poor

147 Balang /balaŋg/ Throw

148 Jaran /jaran/ Horse

149 Asu /asʊ/ Dog

150 Cecek /cəcək/ Lizard

151 Lawang /lawaŋ/ Door

152 Lali /lali/ Forget

153 Balek /balək/ Comeback

154 Moco /mɔco/ Read

155 Mereng /merəŋ/ Italic

156 Nganggur /ŋaŋgur/ Idle

157 Mek /mək/ Just

158 Entok /entɔk/ Get

159 Coro /cɔrɔ/ Cockroach

160 Sek /sek/ Wait

161 Leren /lerən/ Break

162 Kenek /kənek/ Can

163 Sesuk /sesʊk/ Tomorrow

164 Wingi /wiŋgi/ Yesterday

165 Adus /aðhus/ Shower

166 Sepur /səpur/ Train

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167 Klambi /klaɱbi/ Clothes

168 Celono /cəlɔno/ Pants

169 Karo /karɔ/ With

170 Luwe /luwe/ Hungry

171 Wareg /warəg/ Full

172 Karep /karəp/ Whatever

173 Tangi /taŋgi/ Wakeup

174 Montor /montɔr/ Car

175 Dokar /dɔkar/ Gig

176 Melok /məlok/ Follow

177 Buntut /bɔntut/ Tail

178 Awak /awak/ Body

179 Gedang /gəðaŋg/ Banana

180 Podo /poðo/ Same

181 Kates /katɘs/ Pepaya

182 Ndok /ənðok/ Egg

183 Mesem /mesəm/ Smile

184 Manten /mantən/ Marriage

185 Piro /pirɔ/ How Much

186 Regane /rəgane/ Price

187 Takok /takɔk/ Ask

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188 Nggilani /ŋgilani/ Disgusting

189 Wedok /weðok/ Girl

190 Lanang /lanaŋg/ Boy

191 Pentol /pɘntol/ Meatball

192 Manuk /manʊk/ Bird

193 Wedi /weði/ Afraid

194 Maneh /maneh/ More

195 Larang /laraŋg/ Expensive

196 Peteng /pətəŋg / Dark

197 Ulap /ulap/ Dazzled

198 Saiki /saɪki/ Now

199 Sektas /səktas/ Earlier

200 Pawon /pawɔn/ Kitchen

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