Name, Biology Chapter 1 Review Vocabulary (define in your words) 1. organism 2. species 3. stimulus 4. response 5. homeostasis, 6. adaptations 7. theory ~ pseudoscience 9. inference 10. hypothesis 11. experiment 12. control group 13. experimental group “14. Independent variable 15. dependent variable 16. data1. Ascientist testing the effects of a chemical on apple yield sprays an orchard with the chemical. A second orchard does not receive the chemical. In the fall, the number of apples harvested from each forest is counted. What is the independent (manipulated) variable in the experiment? 2. In order for the apple tree experiment to be valid scientifically, both orchards must keep which conditions identical? 3. Write hypotheses for the following: a. independent variable: age of the soda drink dependent variable: the number of gas bubbles released b. independent variable: depth of lake Erie dependent variable: water temperature 4, Homer notices that his shower is covered with green slime, His friend Barney tells him that lemon juice will get rd of the slime. Homer decides to check this out by spraying half of the shower with lemon juice and half with water. After 3 weeks of treatment, there is no change in the green slime on either side of the shower. a. What was Homer's experimental question? b, What was the control in this experiment? . What was the independent variable? D. What was the dependent variable? Draw electron-dot models for the following atorns. Carbon Oxygen Sodium How many bonds can each of the following atoms form? a Carbon, Oxygen, Sodium, Hydrogen. How many neutrons are found in Hydrogen. Fluorine__ Helium, Gold.1. Substances made of only one kind of atom are — 2. Substances made of two or more kinds of atoms combined to form molecules are 3. The nucleus of an atom contains two particles, and - 4, The energy levels of an atom contain particles called _ 5. Write the number of electrons found in the following energy levels. A. Level 1 b. Level 2 c. Level3 6. The number of protons in a nucleus is indicated by its _ 7. The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus is the 8. The mass of a neutron is approximately the same as the mass of a 9. Elements that differ in the number of neutrons, and therefore have different atomic mass are called _ 10. The number of protons in an atom must equal the number of 11, How many bonds are holding this molecule together? oe 12. What type of bond is this? What type of bond is formed when electrons transfer? Shared electrons 13. An atom that has lost or gained electrons, and thus become charged is an 14. Write a chemical formula: Write a structural formula: =» 15. CH,+ 0, CO,+ H,0 Label products and reactants Balance the equation