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N A Rahim*†, Asim Amir*, A. El Khateb*, Hang Seng Che*, Aamir Amir*
* Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre (UMPEDAC), Level 4, Wisma R&D, University of Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu,
59990 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, † Renewable Energy Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi
Arabia, 1 Corresponding author: nasrudin@um.edu.my.

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