RedOx

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Introduction
• Electrochemistry is the study of the relationships between electricity
and chemical reactions
• It primarily deals with electrons and their movement

• In most cases, electricity is hard to “store” – Batteries

• RedOx reactions: LEORA GEROA
• Batteries, rusting of iron, browning of foods, respiration of animals

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Oxidation States
• We determine whether a given chemical reaction is an oxidation–
reduction reaction by keeping track of the oxidation numbers
(oxidation states) of the elements involved in the reaction.

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RedOx Reactions
• In any redox reaction, both oxidation and reduction must occur. If one
substance is oxidized, another must be reduced.
• Oxidizing agent
• Reducing agent

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RedOx Reactions
• Example

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RedOx Reactions
• Boardwork

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Balancing RedOx Reactions
1. Obey the Law of Conservation of Mass
2. Balance the gains and loses of electrons

Method of Half Reactions

- Systematic way of balancing redox reactions wherein the oxidation
and reduction processes are treated separately.

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Half Reactions

In the overall redox reaction, the number of electrons lost in the oxidation
half-reaction must equal the number of electrons gained in the reduction half-
reaction.

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Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Acidic Conditions

1. Divide the equation into one oxidation half-reaction and one

reduction half-reaction.
2. Balance each half-reaction.
(a) First, balance elements other than H and O.
(b) Next, balance O atoms by adding H2O as needed.
(c) Then balance H atoms by adding H+ as needed.
(d) Finally, balance charge by adding e- as needed.

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Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Acidic Conditions

3. Multiply half-reactions by integers as needed to make the number of

electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction equal the number of
electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction.

4. Add half-reactions and, if possible, simplify by canceling species

appearing on both sides of the combined equation.

5. Check to make sure that atoms and charges are balanced.

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Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Example:

Cantal 2018
Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Example:

Cantal 2018
Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Example:

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Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Board work

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Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Board work

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Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Basic Conditions

1. Balance the half-reactions as if they occur in acidic solution.

2. Count the number of H+ in each half-reaction and then add the same
number of OH- to each side of the half-reaction.
3. H+ + OH- --> H2O, cancel H2O when necessary.

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Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Example:

Cantal 2018
Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Example:

Cantal 2018
Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Board work

Cantal 2018
Balancing RedOx Reactions using Half Reactions
Board work

Cantal 2018