BIORETENTION BASINS

subsoil sufficiently permeable

to provide reasonable rate of infiltrated
water table is lower than the design depth of the facility
to prevent pollution of the groundwater

LOCATIONS (desirable)
upland from inlets or outfalls that receive sheet flow from graded
areas
areas that will be excavated or cut
loamy sand soil used
comprise planting soils for bioretention basins
LOCATIONS (undesirable)
areas with mature trees
existing slopes of 20% or greater
above or inclose proximity to an unstable soil strata (marine clay)

should be placed "off-line"

the design should provide for runoff to be diverted into the basin
until it fills with the treatment volume and then bypass the remaining flow around
the BMP to the storm drainage system
planting soils be sandy loam, loadmy sand, or loam texture

DETENTION PONDS
drainage area: above 50-75 acres require provisions for base flow
considered when area lacks a permanent pool of water
recommended for low-visibility site
used for low-to-medium desntiy developments
highy permeable soils not suited

RETENTION PONDS
watershed of at least 10 acres and/or a good source of baseflow
(infiltration basins, trenches, or extended-detention basins for
smaller sites)
consider existing site conditions
topography, wetlands, structures, utilities, property lines, easement,
etc
may impose constraints
design based on subsurface analysis and permeability test
textural character of soil horizons and/or strata units within the
subsoil profile should be identified to at least 3ft below the facility bottom
verify infiltration rate or permeability of the soil
water inflow (baseflow and groundwater) must be greater than water
losses (infiltration and evaporation)
retention basin not applicable if infiltration rate of soil is
too high
permeable soils not suited also
presence of karst topography must be considered
10-yr storm useed for flood control calculations
drainage area minimum of 10 acres with an adequate baseflow
15 to 20 acres more appropriate to sustain a healthy permanent pool
REQTS FOR GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS, SEEPAGE CONTROL, MAXIMUM SLOPES AND
FREEBOARD FOR EARTHEN EMBANKMENT
side slopes should be no steeper than 3H:1V

INFILTRATION STRUCTURES
subsoil is sufficiently permeablbe
 provide reasonable rate of infiltration
water table is sufficiently lower than the design depth of the facility
prevent pollution of the groundwater
not recommended for areas underlain by karst topography
suited for low-to-medium density development (38% to 66% impervious cover)
soil types within subsoil profile extending a minimum of 3ft below the bottom
of the facility identified to verify infiltration rate/permeability
soil textures acceptable: infilration rates between 0.52 in/hr and 8.27 in/hr
: loadm sandy load, and loamy sand

soils unacceptable: have 30% clay content

: poor percolation capabilities or excessively drained soils
(sand)
not reccomended: areas with high groundwater table (distance of 2-4ft between
the bottom of an infiltration structure and the existing water table or bedrock is
reuired)
: areas with arst topography
topographic condition: areas with slopes not exceeding 20% (5H:1V)

INFILTRATION BASINS
drainage area: limited to less than 50 acres
suitable to: low-to-medium density develoments (38% to 66% impervious cover)

INFILTRATION TRENCHES
subsoil is sufficiently permeable
provide reasonable infiltration rate
water table is low enough
prevent pollution of groundwater
not recommended: areas with karst topography
drainage area: limited to 5 acres
multiple trenches for large site
suited for low-to-medium density developments
rectangular cross-sections