Drugs to Know:

Heparin: prevents the clotting of blood; binds to ATIII and activates

Warfarin: prevents clotting of blood – long lasting; competes with Vit K for binding and prevent
Gamma-carboxy glutamate residues in F 2,7,9,10 and Proteins C and S; also used for rat poison

Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA): protease which converts blood plasminogen -> plasmin; dissolves
clots; usually administered after a heart attack to dissolve thrombi

Nitroglycerin: vasodilators. It works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not need to work as
hard and therefore does not need as much oxygen.

Aspirin: antiplatelet effect by binding thromboxane; inhibits COX ½; salicylates. It works by stopping
the production of certain natural substances that cause fever, pain, swelling, and blood clots.

Atropine: It is a competitive antagonist for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. It is classified as an

anticholinergic drug; increases firing of the SA node and conduction through the AV node, opposes the
actions of the vagus nerve, blocks acetylcholine receptor sites, and decreases bronchial secretions.

Metoprolol: beta blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels and slowing heart rate to improve blood
flow and decrease blood pressure

Clopidogrel: antiplatelet drugs. It works by helping to prevent harmful blood clots that may cause heart
attacks or strokes.

Atorvastatin: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). It works by slowing the production of cholesterol
in the body.

Ramipril: angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. It works by decreasing certain chemicals

that tighten the blood vessels, so blood flows more smoothly and the heart can pump blood more
efficiently.

Tylenol: analgesics (pain relievers) and antipyretics (fever reducers). It works by changing the way the
body senses pain and by cooling the body.

Codeine: opiate (narcotic) analgesics and to a class of medications called antitussives. When codeine is
used to treat pain, it works by changing the way the body senses pain. When codeine is used to reduce
coughing, it works by decreasing the activity in the part of the brain that causes coughing.

Morphine: opiate (narcotic) analgesics. It works by changing the way the body senses pain; relieve
moderate to severe pain for 12-24 hours at a time

Penicillin: Beta-lactam antibiotics and are used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by
susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms.

Methylphenidate: psychostimulant and works by increasing the activity of the CNS

• piperidine class of compounds
• increases the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain through reuptake inhibition of
the monoamine transporters – block DAT