Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The word identity is defined as the set of personal and behavioural characteristics which define an
individual as a member of a certain group. Based on race, ethnicity, religion, language and culture
people distinguish themselves from other groups and form their understanding and pride in who they
are.
Identity in literature may refer to the author's adoption of a new culture and language as a means of
expression following a migration from his country of origin to another one. As a result the genre of
"migrant literature" has developed which explores the issues of migration, exile and formation of new
identity in immigrants. Also it could be associated with the deliberate use of pen names by authors as an
attempt to hide their origin or gender.
Travel is the movement of people between distant geographical locations. Travel can be done by foot,
bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one
way or round trip. Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements
Ka is a poet, who returns to Turkey after 12 years of political exile in Germany. He has several motives,
first, as a journalist, to investigate a spate of suicides but also in the hope of meeting a woman he used
to know. Heavy snow cuts off the town for about three days during which time Ka is in conversation with
a former communist, a secularist, a fascist nationalist, a possible Islamic extremist, Islamic moderates,
young Kurds, the military, the Secret Service, the police and in particular, an actor-revolutionary. In the
midst of this, love and passion are to be found. Temporarily closed off from the world, a farcical coup is
staged and linked melodramatically to a stage play. The main discussion concerns the interface of
secularism and belief but there are references to all of Turkey's twentieth century history.
A thousand splendid suns by Khaled Hosseini
The story covers three decades of anti-Soviet jihad, civil war and Taliban tyranny seen from the
perspectives of two women. Mariam is the scorned illegitimate daughter of a wealthy businessman,
forced at age fifteen into marrying Rasheed, who grows increasingly brutal when she fails to produce a
child. Eighteen years later, Rasheed takes another wife, fourteen year-old Laila, a smart and spirited girl
whose only other options, after her parents are killed by rocket fire, are prostitution or starvation.
Mariam and Laila become allies in a battle with Rasheed, whose violent abuse is endorsed by custom
and law. The author gives a forceful portrait of despotism where women are dependent on fathers,
husbands and especially sons, the bearing of male children being their only path to an accepted social
status. Each woman in the end is forced to accept a path that will never be completely happy for them:
Mariam will have to sacrifice her life to save Laila after she murders their husband while Laila, even
though marrying her childhood love, must find a way to keep the sacrifice Mariam has made from not
becoming an act done in vain.